CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Escort carrier - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d56138da-a02c-4b29-98e9-1674409bce0b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Escort_carrier","wgTitle":"Escort carrier","wgCurRevisionId":1248023360,"wgRevisionId":1248023360,"wgArticleId":9932,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from April 2021","Articles needing additional references from April 2021","All articles needing additional references","Articles needing additional references from September 2011","CS1 French-language sources (fr)","Commons category link is on Wikidata","Ship types","Aircraft carriers","Escort carriers"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext", "wgRelevantPageName":"Escort_carrier","wgRelevantArticleId":9932,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q253555","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness", "fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js", "ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Escort carrier - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escort_carrier"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escort_carrier"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Escort_carrier rootpage-Escort_carrier skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Escort+carrier" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Escort+carrier" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Escort+carrier" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Escort+carrier" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Royal_Navy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Royal_Navy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Royal Navy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Royal_Navy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Royal_Canadian_Navy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Royal_Canadian_Navy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Royal Canadian Navy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Royal_Canadian_Navy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Navy_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Navy_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>U.S. Navy service</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._Navy_service-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle U.S. Navy service subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._Navy_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Battle_off_Samar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_off_Samar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Battle off Samar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_off_Samar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_ships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_ships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>The ships</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_ships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relative_carrier_sizes_in_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relative_carrier_sizes_in_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Relative carrier sizes in World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relative_carrier_sizes_in_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Post-World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Escort carrier</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BC%C5%9Fayi%C9%99t_g%C9%99misi" title="Müşayiət gəmisi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Müşayiət gəmisi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Ескортен самолетоносач – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ескортен самолетоносач" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskortn%C3%AD_letadlov%C3%A1_lo%C4%8F" title="Eskortní letadlová loď – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Eskortní letadlová loď" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geleitflugzeugtr%C3%A4ger" title="Geleitflugzeugträger – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geleitflugzeugträger" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaviones_de_escolta" title="Portaviones de escolta – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Portaviones de escolta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ناو هواپیمابر پشتیبان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ناو هواپیمابر پشتیبان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porte-avions_d%27escorte" title="Porte-avions d'escorte – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Porte-avions d'escorte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EC%9C%84%ED%95%AD%EA%B3%B5%EB%AA%A8%ED%95%A8" title="호위항공모함 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="호위항공모함" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_induk_kawal" title="Kapal induk kawal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kapal induk kawal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portaerei_di_scorta" title="Portaerei di scorta – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Portaerei di scorta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskortinis_l%C4%97ktuvne%C5%A1is" title="Eskortinis lėktuvnešis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Eskortinis lėktuvnešis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E8%A1%9B%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D" title="護衛空母 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="護衛空母" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B2rta-avions_d%27esc%C3%B2rta" title="Pòrta-avions d'escòrta – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pòrta-avions d'escòrta" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotniskowiec_eskortowy" title="Lotniskowiec eskortowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lotniskowiec eskortowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Эскортный авианосец – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эскортный авианосец" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saattuetukialus" title="Saattuetukialus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saattuetukialus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refakat_gemisi" title="Refakat gemisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Refakat gemisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Ескортний авіаносець – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ескортний авіаносець" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A0u_s%C3%A2n_bay_h%E1%BB%99_t%E1%BB%91ng" title="Tàu sân bay hộ tống – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tàu sân bay hộ tống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E8%88%AA%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%88%B0" title="护航航空母舰 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="护航航空母舰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q253555#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Escort_carrier" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Escort_carrier" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Escort_carrier"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Escort_carrier"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Escort_carrier" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Escort_carrier" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&oldid=1248023360" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Escort_carrier&id=1248023360&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEscort_carrier"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FEscort_carrier"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Escort_carrier&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Escort_carriers" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q253555" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of WWII aircraft carrier</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Escort_carrier" title="Special:EditPage/Escort carrier">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Escort+carrier%22">"Escort carrier"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Escort+carrier%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Escort+carrier%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Escort+carrier%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Escort+carrier%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Escort+carrier%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Audacity_(D10).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/HMS_Audacity_%28D10%29.jpg/300px-HMS_Audacity_%28D10%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/HMS_Audacity_%28D10%29.jpg/450px-HMS_Audacity_%28D10%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/HMS_Audacity_%28D10%29.jpg/600px-HMS_Audacity_%28D10%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="204" /></a><figcaption>Escort carrier <a href="/wiki/HMS_Audacity" title="HMS Audacity">HMS <i>Audacity</i></a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>escort carrier</b> or <b>escort aircraft carrier</b> (U.S. <a href="/wiki/Hull_classification_symbol" title="Hull classification symbol">hull classification symbol</a> CVE), also called a "jeep carrier" or "baby flattop" in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> (USN) or "Woolworth Carrier" by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, was a small and slower type of <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carrier</a> used by the Royal Navy, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Royal Canadian Navy</a>, the United States Navy, the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="Imperial Japanese Navy">Imperial Japanese Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army_Air_Force#Army_Escort-Aircraft_Carriers" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Japanese Army Air Force">Imperial Japanese Army Air Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. They were typically half the length and a third the <a href="/wiki/Displacement_(ship)" title="Displacement (ship)">displacement</a> of larger <a href="/wiki/Fleet_carrier" title="Fleet carrier">fleet carriers</a>, more-lightly armed and armored, and carried fewer planes. Escort carriers were most often built upon a commercial ship hull, so they were cheaper and could be built quickly. This was their principal advantage as they could be completed in greater numbers as a stop-gap when fleet carriers were scarce. However, the lack of protection made escort carriers particularly vulnerable, and several were sunk with great loss of life. The <a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft_carrier" title="Light aircraft carrier">light carrier</a> (U.S. hull classification symbol CVL) was a similar concept to the escort carrier in most respects, but was fast enough to operate alongside fleet carriers. </p><p>Escort carriers were too slow to keep up with the main forces consisting of fleet carriers, battleships, and cruisers. Instead, they were used to escort merchant ship <a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">convoys</a>, defending them from enemy threats such as submarines and planes. In the invasions of mainland Europe and Pacific islands, escort carriers provided <a href="/wiki/Air_support" class="mw-redirect" title="Air support">air support</a> to ground forces during <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibious operation">amphibious operations</a>. Escort carriers also served as backup aircraft transports for fleet carriers, and ferried aircraft of all military services to points of delivery. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Battle of the Atlantic</a>, escort carriers were used to protect convoys against <a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boats</a>. Initially escort carriers accompanied the merchant ships and helped to fend off attacks from aircraft and submarines. As numbers increased later in the war, escort carriers also formed part of hunter-killer groups that <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare#Second_World_War" title="Anti-submarine warfare">sought out submarines</a> instead of being attached to a particular convoy. </p><p>In the Pacific theater, CVEs provided air support of ground troops in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf" title="Battle of Leyte Gulf">Battle of Leyte Gulf</a>. They lacked the speed and weapons to counter enemy fleets, relying on the protection of a <a href="/wiki/Fast_Carrier_Task_Force" title="Fast Carrier Task Force">Fast Carrier Task Force</a>. However, at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Samar" title="Battle off Samar">Battle off Samar</a>, one U.S. task force of escort carriers and destroyers managed to successfully defend itself against a much larger Japanese force of battleships and cruisers. The Japanese met a furious defense of carrier aircraft, screening destroyers, and destroyer escorts. </p><p>Of the 151 aircraft carriers built in the U.S. during World War II, 122 were escort carriers, though no examples survive. The <a href="/wiki/Casablanca-class_escort_carrier" title="Casablanca-class escort carrier"><i>Casablanca</i> class</a> was the most numerous class of aircraft carrier, with 50 launched. Second was the <a href="/wiki/Bogue-class_escort_carrier" title="Bogue-class escort carrier"><i>Bogue</i> class</a>, with 45 launched. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early 1920s, the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Naval_Treaty" title="Washington Naval Treaty">Washington Naval Treaty</a> imposed limits on the maximum size and total tonnage of aircraft carriers for the five main naval powers. Later treaties largely kept these provisions. As a result, construction between the World Wars had been insufficient to meet operational needs for aircraft carriers as World War II expanded from Europe. Too few fleet carriers were available to simultaneously transport aircraft to distant bases, support amphibious invasions, offer carrier landing training for replacement pilots, conduct anti-submarine patrols, and provide defensive air cover for deployed battleships and cruisers. The foregoing mission requirements limited use of fleet carriers' unique offensive strike capability demonstrated at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taranto" title="Battle of Taranto">Battle of Taranto</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">Attack on Pearl Harbor</a>. Conversion of existing ships (and hulls under construction for other purposes) provided additional aircraft carriers until new construction became available. </p><p>Conversions of cruisers and passenger liners with speed similar to fleet carriers were identified by the U.S. as "<a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft_carrier" title="Light aircraft carrier">light aircraft carriers</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Hull_classification_symbol" title="Hull classification symbol">hull classification symbol</a> CVL) able to operate at battle fleet speeds. Slower conversions were classified as "escort carriers" and were considered naval auxiliaries suitable for pilot training and transport of aircraft to distant bases. </p><p>The Royal Navy had recognized a need for carriers to defend its trade routes in the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While designs had been prepared for "trade protection carriers" and five suitable liners identified for conversion, nothing further was done – mostly because there were insufficient aircraft for even the fleet carriers under construction at the time. However, by 1940 the need had become urgent and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Audacity" title="HMS Audacity">HMS <i>Audacity</i></a> was converted from the captured German merchant ship MV <i>Hannover</i> and commissioned in July 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For defense from German aircraft, convoys were supplied first with <a href="/wiki/Fighter_catapult_ship" title="Fighter catapult ship">fighter catapult ships</a> and <a href="/wiki/CAM_ship" title="CAM ship">CAM ships</a> that could carry a single (disposable) fighter. In the interim, before escort carriers could be supplied, they also brought in <a href="/wiki/Merchant_aircraft_carrier" title="Merchant aircraft carrier">merchant aircraft carriers</a> that could operate four aircraft. </p><p>In 1940, U.S. Admiral <a href="/wiki/William_F._Halsey,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William F. Halsey, Jr.">William Halsey</a> recommended construction of naval auxiliaries for pilot training.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 1941 the British asked the U.S. to build on their behalf six carriers of an improved <i>Audacity</i> design, but the U.S. had already begun their own escort carrier.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 February 1941, the United States Chief of Naval Operations gave priority to construction of naval auxiliaries for aircraft transport.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U.S. ships built to meet these needs were initially referred to as <b>auxiliary aircraft escort vessels</b> (<b>AVG</b>) in February 1942 and then <b>auxiliary aircraft carrier</b> (<b>ACV</b>) on 5 August 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-proceedings_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-proceedings-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first U.S. example of the type was <a href="/wiki/USS_Long_Island_(CVE-1)" title="USS Long Island (CVE-1)">USS <i>Long Island</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Operation_Torch" title="Operation Torch">Operation Torch</a> and North Atlantic anti-submarine warfare proved these ships capable aircraft carriers for ship formations moving at the speed of trade or amphibious invasion convoys. U.S. classification revision to <b>escort aircraft carrier</b> (<b>CVE</b>) on 15 July 1943 reflected upgraded status from auxiliary to combatant.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were informally known as "Jeep carriers" or "baby flattops". It was quickly found that the escort carriers had better performance than light carriers, which tended to pitch badly in moderate to high seas. The <a href="/wiki/Commencement_Bay-class_escort_carrier" title="Commencement Bay-class escort carrier"><i>Commencement Bay</i> class</a> was designed to incorporate the best features of American CVLs on a more stable hull with a less expensive propulsion system.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among their crews, CVE was sarcastically said to stand for "Combustible, Vulnerable, and Expendable", and the CVEs were called "Kaiser coffins" in honor of Casablanca-class manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Henry_J._Kaiser" title="Henry J. Kaiser">Henry J. Kaiser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Magazine protection was minimal in comparison to fleet aircraft carriers.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/HMS_Avenger_(D14)" title="HMS Avenger (D14)">HMS <i>Avenger</i></a> was sunk within minutes by a single torpedo, and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Dasher_(D37)" title="HMS Dasher (D37)">HMS <i>Dasher</i></a> exploded from undetermined causes with very heavy loss of life. Three escort carriers—<a href="/wiki/USS_St._Lo" title="USS St. Lo">USS <i>St. Lo</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Ommaney_Bay" title="USS Ommaney Bay"><i>Ommaney Bay</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/USS_Bismarck_Sea" title="USS Bismarck Sea"><i>Bismarck Sea</i></a>—were destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Kamikaze" title="Kamikaze">kamikazes</a>, the largest ships to meet such a fate. </p><p>Allied escort carriers were typically around 500 ft (150 m) long, not much more than half the length of the almost 900 ft (270 m) fleet carriers of the same era, but were less than <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">3</span></span> of the weight. A typical escort carrier displaced about 8,000 <a href="/wiki/Long_ton" title="Long ton">long tons</a> (8,100 <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">t</a>), as compared to almost 30,000 long tons (30,000 t) for a full-size fleet carrier. The aircraft <a href="/wiki/Hangar" title="Hangar">hangar</a> typically ran only <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">3</span></span> of the way under the flight deck and housed a combination of 24–30 fighters and bombers organized into one single "composite squadron". By comparison, a late <a href="/wiki/Essex-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Essex-class aircraft carrier"><i>Essex</i>-class fleet carrier</a> of the period could carry 103 aircraft organized into separate fighter, bomber and torpedo-bomber squadrons. </p><p>The island (superstructure) on these ships was small and cramped, and located well forward of the <a href="/wiki/Funnel_(ship)" title="Funnel (ship)">funnels</a> (unlike on a normal-sized carrier, where the funnels were integrated into the island). Although the first escort carriers had only one aircraft elevator, having two elevators (one fore and one aft), along with the single aircraft catapult, quickly became standard. The carriers employed the same system of arresting cables and tail hooks as on the big carriers, and procedures for <a href="/wiki/Launch_and_recovery_cycle" title="Launch and recovery cycle">launch and recovery</a> were the same as well. </p><p>The crew size was less than <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">3</span></span> of that of a large carrier, but this was still a bigger complement than most naval vessels. U.S. escort carriers were large enough to have facilities such as a permanent canteen or snack bar, called a <a href="/wiki/Gedunk_bar" title="Gedunk bar">gedunk bar</a>, in addition to the mess. The bar was open for longer hours than the mess and sold several flavors of <a href="/wiki/Ice_cream" title="Ice cream">ice cream</a>, along with cigarettes and other consumables. There were also several <a href="/wiki/Vending_machine" title="Vending machine">vending machines</a> available on board. </p><p>In all, 130 Allied escort carriers were launched or converted during the war. Of these, six were British conversions of merchant ships: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Audacity" title="HMS Audacity">HMS <i>Audacity</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Nairana_(D05)" title="HMS Nairana (D05)"><i>Nairana</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Campania_(D48)" title="HMS Campania (D48)"><i>Campania</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Activity_(D94)" title="HMS Activity (D94)"><i>Activity</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Pretoria_Castle_(F61)" title="HMS Pretoria Castle (F61)"><i>Pretoria Castle</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Vindex_(D15)" title="HMS Vindex (D15)"><i>Vindex</i></a>. The remaining escort carriers were U.S.-built. Like the British, the first U.S. escort carriers were converted merchant vessels (or in the <a href="/wiki/Sangamon-class_escort_carrier" title="Sangamon-class escort carrier"><i>Sangamon</i> class</a>, converted military oilers). The <i>Bogue</i>-class carriers were based on the hull of the <a href="/wiki/Type_C3_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Type C3 ship">Type C3 cargo ship</a>. The last 69 escort carriers of the <a href="/wiki/Casablanca-class_escort_carrier" title="Casablanca-class escort carrier"><i>Casablanca</i></a> and <i>Commencement Bay</i> classes were purpose-designed and purpose-built carriers drawing on the experience gained with the previous classes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Royal_Navy">Royal Navy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Royal Navy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Escort_carrier" title="Special:EditPage/Escort carrier">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Originally developed at the behest of the United Kingdom to operate as part of a North Atlantic <a href="/wiki/Convoy" title="Convoy">convoy</a> escort, rather than as part of a naval strike force, many of the escort carriers produced were assigned to the Royal Navy for the duration of the war under the <a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease" title="Lend-Lease">Lend-Lease</a> act. They supplemented and then replaced the converted <a href="/wiki/Merchant_aircraft_carrier" title="Merchant aircraft carrier">merchant aircraft carriers</a> that were put into service by the British and Dutch as an emergency measure until dedicated escort carriers became available. As convoy escorts, they were used by the Royal Navy to provide air scouting, to ward off enemy long-range scouting aircraft and, increasingly, to spot and hunt submarines. Often additional escort carriers joined convoys, not as fighting ships but as transporters, ferrying aircraft from the U.S. to Britain; twice as many aircraft could be carried by storing aircraft on the flight deck as well as in the hangar. </p><p>The ships sent to the Royal Navy were slightly modified, partly to suit the traditions of that service. Among other things the ice-cream making machines were removed, since they were considered unnecessary luxuries on ships which provided a <a href="/wiki/Grog" title="Grog">grog</a> ration. The heavy duty <a href="/wiki/Washing_machine" title="Washing machine">washing machines</a> of the laundry room were removed, since "all a British sailor needs to keep clean is a bucket and a bar of soap" (quoted from Warrilow). </p><p>Other modifications were due to the need for a completely enclosed hangar when operating in the <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic">North Atlantic</a> and in support of the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_convoys" class="mw-redirect" title="Arctic convoys">Arctic convoys</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Royal_Canadian_Navy">Royal Canadian Navy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Royal Canadian Navy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Of the U.S.-built escort carriers, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Nabob_(D77)" title="HMS Nabob (D77)">Nabob</a> and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Puncher_(D79)" title="HMS Puncher (D79)">Puncher</a> sailed on launch from <a href="/wiki/Tacoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Tacoma">Tacoma</a> to the port of <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>, where they were lightly refitted to Royal Navy standard and then crewed by <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Royal Canadian Navy</a> personnel. Both ships served in the North Atlantic while nominally under the British fleet and carrying aircraft of the <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Air_Arm" title="Fleet Air Arm">Fleet Air Arm</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Navy_service">U.S. Navy service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: U.S. Navy service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a> brought up an urgent need for <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">aircraft carriers</a>, so some <a href="/wiki/T3_tanker" title="T3 tanker">T3 tankers</a> were converted to escort carriers; <a href="/wiki/USS_Suwannee_(CVE-27)" title="USS Suwannee (CVE-27)">USS <i>Suwannee</i></a> is an example of how a T3 tanker <a href="/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)" title="Hull (watercraft)">hull</a>, AO-33, was rebuilt to be an escort carrier. The T3 tanker size and speed made the T3 a useful escort carrier. There were two classes of T3 hull carriers: <i>Sangamon</i> class and <i>Commencement Bay</i> class.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The U.S. discovered their own uses for escort carriers. In the North Atlantic, they supplemented the escorting <a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyers</a> by providing air support for anti-submarine warfare. One of these escort carriers, <a href="/wiki/USS_Guadalcanal_(CVE-60)" title="USS Guadalcanal (CVE-60)">USS <i>Guadalcanal</i></a>, was instrumental in the capture of <a href="/wiki/German_submarine_U-505" title="German submarine U-505"><i>U-505</i></a> off North Africa in 1944. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific theater</a>, escort carriers lacked the speed to sail with fast carrier attack groups, so were often tasked to escort the landing ships and troop carriers during the <a href="/wiki/Leapfrogging_(strategy)" title="Leapfrogging (strategy)">island-hopping</a> campaign. In this role they provided air cover for the troopships and flew the first wave of attacks on beach fortifications in amphibious landing operations. On occasion, they even escorted the large carriers, serving as emergency airstrips and providing fighter cover for their larger sisters while these were busy readying or refueling their own planes. They also transported aircraft and spare parts from the U.S. to remote island airstrips. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_off_Samar">Battle off Samar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Battle off Samar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Battle_off_Samar" title="Battle off Samar">Battle off Samar</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LeyteGambierBayStraddle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/LeyteGambierBayStraddle.jpg/220px-LeyteGambierBayStraddle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/LeyteGambierBayStraddle.jpg/330px-LeyteGambierBayStraddle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/LeyteGambierBayStraddle.jpg/440px-LeyteGambierBayStraddle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/USS_Gambier_Bay" title="USS Gambier Bay">USS <i>Gambier Bay</i></a>, burning from earlier gunfire damage, is bracketed by a salvo from a Japanese <a href="/wiki/Heavy_cruiser" title="Heavy cruiser">heavy cruiser</a> (faintly visible in the background, center-right) shortly before sinking during the Battle off Samar.</figcaption></figure> <p>A battle in which escort carriers played a major role was the Battle off Samar in the Philippines on 25 October 1944. The Japanese lured Admiral <a href="/wiki/William_Halsey,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William Halsey, Jr.">William Halsey, Jr.</a> into chasing a decoy fleet with his powerful <a href="/wiki/United_States_Third_Fleet" title="United States Third Fleet">3rd Fleet</a>. This left about 450 aircraft from 16 small and slow escort carriers in three task units ("Taffies"), armed primarily to bomb ground forces, and their protective screen of destroyers and slower <a href="/wiki/Destroyer_escort" title="Destroyer escort">destroyer escorts</a> to protect undefended troop and supply ships in Leyte Gulf. No Japanese threat was believed to be in the area, but a force of four <a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">battleships</a>, including the formidable <a href="/wiki/Japanese_battleship_Yamato" title="Japanese battleship Yamato"><i>Yamato</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> eight <a href="/wiki/Cruiser" title="Cruiser">cruisers</a>, and 11 destroyers, appeared, sailing towards Leyte Gulf. Only the Taffies were in the way of the Japanese attack. </p><p>The slow carriers could not outrun 30-knot (35 mph; 56 km/h) cruisers. They launched their aircraft and maneuvered to avoid shellfire, helped by smoke screens, for over an hour. "Taffy 3" bore the brunt of the fight. The Taffy ships took dozens of hits, mostly from armor-piercing rounds that passed right through their thin, unarmored hulls without exploding. <a href="/wiki/USS_Gambier_Bay" title="USS Gambier Bay">USS <i>Gambier Bay</i></a>, sunk in this action, was the only U.S. carrier lost to enemy surface gunfire in the war; the Japanese concentration of fire on this one carrier assisted the escape of the others. The carriers' only substantial armament—aside from their aircraft—was a single 5-inch (127 mm) <a href="/wiki/Dual-purpose_gun" title="Dual-purpose gun">dual-purpose gun</a> mounted on the stern, but the pursuing Japanese cruisers closed to within range of these guns. One of the guns damaged the burning Japanese heavy cruiser <a href="/wiki/Japanese_cruiser_Ch%C5%8Dkai" title="Japanese cruiser Chōkai"><i>Chōkai</i></a>, and a subsequent bomb dropped by an aircraft hit the cruiser's forward machinery room, leaving her dead in the water. A <i><a href="/wiki/Kamikaze" title="Kamikaze">kamikaze</a></i> attack sank <a href="/wiki/USS_St._Lo" title="USS St. Lo">USS <i>St Lo</i></a>; <i>kamikaze</i> aircraft attacking other ships were shot down. Ultimately the superior Japanese surface force withdrew, believing they were confronted by a stronger force than was the case. Most of the damage to the Japanese fleet was inflicted by torpedoes fired by destroyers, and bombs from the carriers' aircraft. </p><p>The U.S. Navy lost a similar number of ships and more men than in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Coral_Sea" title="Battle of the Coral Sea">battles of the Coral Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Midway" title="Battle of Midway">Midway</a> combined (though major fleet carriers were lost in the other battles). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gambierbaymodel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gambierbaymodel.jpg/220px-Gambierbaymodel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gambierbaymodel.jpg/330px-Gambierbaymodel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Gambierbaymodel.jpg/440px-Gambierbaymodel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="766" /></a><figcaption>Model of the <a href="/wiki/Casablanca-class_escort_carrier" title="Casablanca-class escort carrier"><i>Casablanca</i>-class</a> <i><a href="/wiki/USS_Gambier_Bay" title="USS Gambier Bay">Gambier Bay</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/USS_Midway_(CV-41)" title="USS Midway (CV-41)">USS <i>Midway</i> museum</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_ships">The ships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The ships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_escort_carriers_by_country" title="List of escort carriers by country">list of escort carriers by country</a></div> <p>Many escort carriers were <a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease" title="Lend-Lease">Lend-Leased</a> to the United Kingdom, this list specifies the breakdown in service to each navy. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island-class_escort_carrier" title="Long Island-class escort carrier"><i>Long Island</i> class</a>: Two ships, one in USN service (<a href="/wiki/USS_Long_Island_(CVE-1)" title="USS Long Island (CVE-1)">USS <i>Long Island</i></a>) and one in British service (<a href="/wiki/HMS_Archer_(D78)" title="HMS Archer (D78)">HMS <i>Archer</i></a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenger-class_escort_carrier" title="Avenger-class escort carrier"><i>Avenger</i> class</a>: Four ships, one mainly in USN service (as <a href="/wiki/USS_Charger" title="USS Charger">USS <i>Charger</i></a>) and three in British service.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangamon-class_escort_carrier" title="Sangamon-class escort carrier"><i>Sangamon</i> class</a>: Four ships, all in USN service.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogue-class_escort_carrier" title="Bogue-class escort carrier"><i>Bogue</i> class</a>: 45 ships, 11 in USN service, 34 in British service as <i>Attacker</i> class (first group) and <i>Ruler</i> class (second group, of which 2 were crewed by Royal Canadian Navy personnel).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casablanca-class_escort_carrier" title="Casablanca-class escort carrier"><i>Casablanca</i> class</a>: 50 ships, all in USN service.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commencement_Bay-class_escort_carrier" title="Commencement Bay-class escort carrier"><i>Commencement Bay</i> class</a>: 19 ships, all in USN service, including two that were accepted but not commissioned and laid up for many years after the war. Four more units were canceled and scrapped on the building slips. The <i>Commencement Bay</i>-class ships were seen as the finest escort carriers ever built,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and several units continued in service after the war as training carriers, aircraft ferries and other auxiliary uses.</li></ul> <p>In addition, six escort carriers were converted from other types by the British during the war. </p><p>The table below lists escort carriers and similar ships performing the same missions. The first four were built as early fleet aircraft carriers. <a href="/wiki/Merchant_aircraft_carrier" title="Merchant aircraft carrier">Merchant aircraft carriers</a> (MAC) carried trade cargo in addition to operating aircraft. Aircraft transports carried larger numbers of planes by eliminating accommodation for operating personnel and storage of fuel and ammunition. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Name </th> <th scope="col">Date </th> <th scope="col">Nation </th> <th scope="col">Displacement </th> <th scope="col">Speed </th> <th scope="col">Aircraft </th> <th scope="col">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Argus_(I49)" title="HMS Argus (I49)">HMS <i>Argus</i></a> </th> <td>1918 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>14,000 tons (net) </td> <td>20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph) </td> <td>18 </td> <td>converted liner </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Langley_(CV-1)" title="USS Langley (CV-1)">USS <i>Langley</i></a> </th> <td>1922 </td> <td>United States </td> <td>11,500 tons </td> <td>15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph) </td> <td>30 </td> <td>converted collier </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_H%C5%8Dsh%C5%8D" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Hōshō"><i>Hōshō</i></a> </th> <td>1923 </td> <td>Japan </td> <td>7,500 tons (standard) </td> <td>25 kn (46 km/h; 29 mph) </td> <td>12 </td> <td>early fleet carrier </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Hermes_(95)" title="HMS Hermes (95)">HMS <i>Hermes</i></a> </th> <td>1924 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>10,850 tons (standard) </td> <td>25 kn (46 km/h; 29 mph) </td> <td>12 </td> <td>early fleet carrier </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Audacity" title="HMS Audacity">HMS <i>Audacity</i></a> </th> <td>1941 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>11,000 tons </td> <td>15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph) </td> <td>6 </td> <td>merchant conversion<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Long_Island_(CVE-1)" title="USS Long Island (CVE-1)">USS <i>Long Island</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Archer_(D78)" title="HMS Archer (D78)">HMS <i>Archer</i></a> </th> <td>1941 </td> <td>United States and UK </td> <td>9,000 tons </td> <td>17 kn (31 km/h; 20 mph) </td> <td>15–21 </td> <td>merchant conversions </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Avenger_(D14)" title="HMS Avenger (D14)">HMS <i>Avenger</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Biter_(D97)" title="HMS Biter (D97)"><i>Biter</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Dasher_(D37)" title="HMS Dasher (D37)"><i>Dasher</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Charger" title="USS Charger">USS <i>Charger</i></a> </th> <td>1941 </td> <td>United States and UK </td> <td>8,200 tons </td> <td>17 kn (31 km/h; 20 mph) </td> <td>15–21 </td> <td>merchant conversions </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Taiy%C5%8D" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Taiyō"><i>Taiyō</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Un%27y%C5%8D" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Un'yō"><i>Unyō</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Ch%C5%ABy%C5%8D" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Chūyō"><i>Chūyō</i></a> </th> <td>1941 </td> <td>Japan </td> <td>17,830 tons (standard) </td> <td>21 kn (39 km/h; 24 mph) </td> <td>27 </td> <td>converted liners </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Activity_(D94)" title="HMS Activity (D94)">HMS <i>Activity</i></a> </th> <td>1942 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>11,800 tons (standard) </td> <td>18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph) </td> <td>10–15 </td> <td>merchant conversion </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bogue-class_escort_carrier" title="Bogue-class escort carrier"><i>Bogue</i> class</a> </th> <td>1942 </td> <td>United States, Canada, and UK </td> <td>9,800 tons </td> <td>18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph) </td> <td>15–21 </td> <td>45 conversions of C-3 merchant hulls </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Sangamon_(CVE-26)" title="USS Sangamon (CVE-26)">USS <i>Sangamon</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Suwannee_(CVE-27)" title="USS Suwannee (CVE-27)"><i>Suwanee</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Chenango_(CVE-28)" title="USS Chenango (CVE-28)"><i>Chenango</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Santee_(CVE-29)" title="USS Santee (CVE-29)"><i>Santee</i></a> </th> <td>1942 </td> <td>United States </td> <td>11,400 tons (standard) </td> <td>18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph) </td> <td>31 </td> <td>converted oilers </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Akitsu_Maru" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Akitsu Maru"><i>Akitsu Maru</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_landing_craft_carrier_Nigitsu_Maru" title="Japanese landing craft carrier Nigitsu Maru"><i>Nigitsu Maru</i></a> </th> <td>1942 </td> <td>Japan (<a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Army</a>) </td> <td>11,800 tons (standard) </td> <td>20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph) </td> <td>8 </td> <td>liners converted to <a href="/wiki/Landing_craft_carrier#Hei-type" title="Landing craft carrier"><i>Hei</i>-type landing craft carriers</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Campania_(D48)" title="HMS Campania (D48)"><i>Campania</i></a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>12,400 tons (standard) </td> <td>18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph) </td> <td>18 </td> <td>merchant conversion </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Vindex_(D15)" title="HMS Vindex (D15)"><i>Vindex</i></a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>13,400 tons (standard) </td> <td>16 kn (30 km/h; 18 mph) </td> <td>15–20 </td> <td>merchant conversion </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Nairana_(D05)" title="HMS Nairana (D05)"><i>Nairana</i></a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>14,000 tons (standard) </td> <td>16 kn (30 km/h; 18 mph) </td> <td>15–20 </td> <td>merchant conversion </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><i>Rapana</i> class (<a href="/wiki/MV_Acavus" title="MV Acavus"><i>Acavus</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Adula" title="MV Adula"><i>Adula</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Alexia" title="MV Alexia"><i>Alexia</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Amastra" title="MV Amastra"><i>Amastra</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Ancylus" title="MV Ancylus"><i>Ancylus</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Gadila" title="MV Gadila"><i>Gadila</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Macoma" title="MV Macoma"><i>Macoma</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Miralda" title="MV Miralda"><i>Miralda</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Rapana" title="MV Rapana"><i>Rapana</i></a>) </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>12,000 tons </td> <td>12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) </td> <td>3 </td> <td>tankers converted to <a href="/wiki/Merchant_aircraft_carrier" title="Merchant aircraft carrier">merchant aircraft carriers</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Casablanca-class_escort_carrier" title="Casablanca-class escort carrier"><i>Casablanca</i> class</a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>United States </td> <td>7,800 tons </td> <td>19 kn (35 km/h; 22 mph) </td> <td>28 </td> <td>50 built as escort aircraft carriers </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Kaiy%C5%8D" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Kaiyō"><i>Kaiyō</i></a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>Japan </td> <td>13,600 tons (standard) </td> <td>23 kn (43 km/h; 26 mph) </td> <td>24 </td> <td>converted liner </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/HMS_Pretoria_Castle_(F61)" title="HMS Pretoria Castle (F61)">HMS <i>Pretoria Castle</i></a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>17,400 <p>tons (standard) </p> </td> <td>18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph) </td> <td>21 </td> <td>merchant conversion </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacAlpine" title="MV Empire MacAlpine"><i>Empire MacAlpine</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacAndrew" title="MV Empire MacAndrew"><i>Empire MacAndrew</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacRae" title="MV Empire MacRae"><i>Empire MacRae</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacKendrick" title="MV Empire MacKendrick"><i>Empire MacKendrick</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacCallum" title="MV Empire MacCallum"><i>Empire MacCallum</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacDermott" title="MV Empire MacDermott"><i>Empire MacDermott</i></a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>8,000 tons (gross) </td> <td>12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) </td> <td>4 </td> <td>grain carrying merchant aircraft carriers </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacCabe" title="MV Empire MacCabe"><i>Empire MacCabe</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacKay" title="MV Empire MacKay"><i>Empire MacKay</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacMahon" title="MV Empire MacMahon"><i>Empire MacMahon</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/MV_Empire_MacColl" title="MV Empire MacColl"><i>Empire MacColl</i></a> </th> <td>1943 </td> <td>UK </td> <td>9,000 tons (gross) </td> <td>11 kn (20 km/h; 13 mph) </td> <td>3 </td> <td>tanker merchant aircraft carriers </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Commencement_Bay-class_escort_carrier" title="Commencement Bay-class escort carrier"><i>Commencement Bay</i> class</a> </th> <td>1944 </td> <td>United States </td> <td>10,900 tons </td> <td>19 kn (35 km/h; 22 mph) </td> <td>34 </td> <td>19 built as escort aircraft carriers </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Shin%27y%C5%8D" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Shin'yō"><i>Shin'yō</i></a> </th> <td>1944 </td> <td>Japan </td> <td>17,500 tons </td> <td>22 kn (41 km/h; 25 mph) </td> <td>33 </td> <td>converted liner </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Yamashio_Maru-class_escort_carrier" title="Yamashio Maru-class escort carrier"><i>Yamashio Maru</i> class</a> </th> <td>1945 </td> <td>Japan (Army) </td> <td>16,119 tons (standard) </td> <td>15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph) </td> <td>8 </td> <td>converted tanker </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_aircraft_carrier_Kumano_Maru" title="Japanese aircraft carrier Kumano Maru"><i>Kumano Maru</i></a> </th> <td>1945 </td> <td>Japan (Army) </td> <td>8,258 tons (standard) </td> <td>19 kn (35 km/h; 22 mph) </td> <td>8–37 </td> <td>Type M cargo ship converted to <a href="/wiki/Landing_craft_carrier#Hei-type" title="Landing craft carrier"><i>Hei</i>-type landing craft carrier</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relative_carrier_sizes_in_World_War_II">Relative carrier sizes in World War II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Relative carrier sizes in World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_carriers_of_the_Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="List of aircraft carriers of the Second World War">List of aircraft carriers of the Second World War</a></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Bogue-class_escort_carrier" title="Bogue-class escort carrier"><i>Bogue</i>-class</a> escort carrier </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Independence-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Independence-class aircraft carrier"><i>Independence</i>-class</a> light carrier<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Essex-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Essex-class aircraft carrier"><i>Essex</i>-class</a> fleet carrier<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Illustrious-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Illustrious-class aircraft carrier"><i>Illustrious</i>-class</a> fleet carrier </th></tr> <tr> <th>Length: </th> <td>495 ft (151 m) </td> <td>625 ft (191 m) </td> <td>875 ft (267 m) </td> <td>740 ft (226 m) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Beam: </th> <td>69 ft (21 m) </td> <td>72 ft (22 m) </td> <td>92 ft (28 m) </td> <td>95 ft (29 m) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Displacement: </th> <td>9,800 t </td> <td>11,000 t </td> <td>27,100 t </td> <td>23,000 t </td></tr> <tr> <th>Armament </th> <td>1x <a href="/wiki/5-inch/38-caliber_gun" title="5-inch/38-caliber gun">5-inch/38-caliber gun</a>, light AA </td> <td>light AA </td> <td>12x <a href="/wiki/5-inch/38-caliber_gun" title="5-inch/38-caliber gun">5-inch/38-caliber guns</a>, light AA </td> <td>16x <a href="/wiki/QF_4.5-inch_Mk_I_%E2%80%93_V_naval_gun" title="QF 4.5-inch Mk I – V naval gun">QF 4.5-inch Mk I – V naval guns</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Armor </th> <td>None </td> <td>50–125 mm </td> <td>150–200 mm </td> <td>75 mm deck </td></tr> <tr> <th>Aircraft: </th> <td>24 </td> <td>33 </td> <td>90 </td> <td>57 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Speed: </th> <td>18 kn (33 km/h; 21 mph) </td> <td>32 kn (58 km/h; 36 mph) </td> <td>33 kn (61 km/h; 38 mph) </td> <td>31 kn (56 km/h; 35 mph) </td></tr> <tr> <th>Crew: </th> <td>850 </td> <td>1,569 </td> <td>3,448 </td> <td>817 + 390 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-World_War_II">Post-World War II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Post-World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The years following World War II brought many revolutionary new technologies to naval aviation, most notably the <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopter</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft#1940s–1950s:_First-generation" title="Fighter aircraft">jet fighter</a>, and with this a complete rethinking of its strategies and ships' tasks. Although several of the latest <i>Commencement Bay</i>-class CVE were deployed as floating airfields during the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>, the main reasons for the development of the escort carrier had disappeared or could be dealt with better by newer weapons. The emergence of the helicopter meant that helicopter-deck equipped <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a> could now take over the CVE's role in a convoy while also performing their usual role as submarine hunters. Ship-mounted <a href="/wiki/Guided_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Guided missile">guided missile</a> launchers took over much of the aircraft protection role, and <a href="/wiki/In-flight_refueling" class="mw-redirect" title="In-flight refueling">in-flight refueling</a> eliminated the need for floating stopover points for transport or patrol aircraft. Consequently, after the <i>Commencement Bay</i> class, no new escort carriers were designed, and with every downsizing of the navy, the CVEs were the first to be mothballed. </p><p>Several escort carriers were pressed back into service during the first years of the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> because of their ability to carry large numbers of aircraft. Redesignated AKV (air transport auxiliary), they were manned by a civilian crew and used to ferry whole aircraft and spare parts from the U.S. to Army, Air Force and Marine bases in <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a>. However, CVEs were useful in this role only for a limited period. Once all major aircraft were equipped with refueling probes, it became much easier to fly the aircraft directly to its base instead of shipping it. </p><p>The last chapter in the history of escort carriers consisted of two conversions: as an experiment, <a href="/wiki/USS_Thetis_Bay" title="USS Thetis Bay">USS <i>Thetis Bay</i></a> was converted from an aircraft carrier into a pure <a href="/wiki/Helicopter_carrier" title="Helicopter carrier">helicopter carrier</a> (CVHA-1) and used by the Marine Corps to carry assault helicopters for the first wave of <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">amphibious warfare</a> operations. Later, <i>Thetis Bay</i> became a full amphibious assault ship (LHP-6). Although in service only from 1955 (the year of her conversion) to 1964, the experience gained in her training exercises greatly influenced the design of today's <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship" title="Amphibious assault ship">amphibious assault ships</a>. </p><p>In the second conversion, in 1961, <a href="/wiki/USS_Gilbert_Islands" title="USS Gilbert Islands">USS <i>Gilbert Islands</i></a> had all her aircraft handling equipment removed and four tall radio antennas installed on her long, flat deck. In lieu of aircraft, the hangar deck now had 24 military radio transmitter trucks bolted to its floor. Rechristened <a href="/wiki/USS_Gilbert_Islands" title="USS Gilbert Islands">USS <i>Annapolis</i></a>, the ship was used as a communication relay ship and served dutifully through the Vietnam War as a floating radio station, relaying transmissions between the forces on the ground and the command centers back home. Like <i>Thetis Bay</i>, the experience gained before <i>Annapolis</i> was stricken in 1976 helped develop today's purpose-built <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_command_ship" title="Amphibious command ship">amphibious command ships</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge-class_command_ship" title="Blue Ridge-class command ship"><i>Blue Ridge</i> class</a>. </p><p>Unlike almost all other major classes of ships and patrol boats from World War II, most of which can be found in a museum or port, no escort carrier or American <a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft_carrier" title="Light aircraft carrier">light carrier</a> has survived; all were destroyed during the war or broken up in the following decades. The <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_American_Naval_Fighting_Ships" title="Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships">Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships</a> records that the last former escort carrier remaining in naval service—USS <i>Annapolis</i>—was sold for scrapping 19 December 1979. The last American light carrier (the escort carrier's faster sister type) was <a href="/wiki/USS_Cabot_(CVL-28)" title="USS Cabot (CVL-28)">USS <i>Cabot</i></a>, which was broken up in 2002 after a decade-long attempt to preserve the vessel. </p><p>Later in the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> the U.S.-designed <a href="/wiki/Sea_Control_Ship" title="Sea Control Ship">Sea Control Ship</a> was intended to serve a similar role;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanaday199013−20_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECanaday199013−20-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while none were actually built, the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_aircraft_carrier_Pr%C3%ADncipe_de_Asturias" title="Spanish aircraft carrier Príncipe de Asturias">Spanish aircraft carrier <i>Principe de Asturias</i></a> and the Thai <a href="/wiki/HTMS_Chakri_Naruebet" title="HTMS Chakri Naruebet">HTMS <i>Chakri Naruebet</i></a> are based on the concept. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For complete lists see: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_escort_carriers_by_country" title="List of escort carriers by country">List of escort carriers by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Navy_escort_aircraft_carriers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Navy escort aircraft carriers">List of United States Navy escort aircraft carriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sunken_aircraft_carriers" title="List of sunken aircraft carriers">List of sunken aircraft carriers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_escort_carriers_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="List of escort carriers of the Royal Navy">List of escort carriers of the Royal Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_Imperial_Japanese_Navy" title="List of ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy">List of ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_carriers_of_World_War_II" title="List of aircraft carriers of World War II">List of aircraft carriers of World War II</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHague1998">Hague 1998</a>, p. 83</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2000">Brown 2000</a>, pp. 62–63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedman1983">Friedman 1983</a>, p. 162</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2000">Brown 2000</a>, p. 63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedman1983">Friedman 1983</a>, p. 165</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-proceedings-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-proceedings_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEvans1976" class="citation magazine cs1">Evans, Robert L. (August 1976). "Cinderella Carriers". <i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_(magazine)" title="Proceedings (magazine)">Proceedings</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Institute" title="United States Naval Institute">United States Naval Institute</a>. pp. 53–60.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings&rft.atitle=Cinderella+Carriers&rft.pages=53-60&rft.date=1976-08&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedman1983">Friedman 1983</a>, pp. 159–160</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedman1983">Friedman 1983</a>, p. 159</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/our-story/our-history/in-defense-of-henry-j-kaisers-world-war-ii-ship-quality">"In defense of Henry J. Kaiser's World War II ship quality"</a>. <i>about.kaiserpermanente.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001204526/https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/our-story/our-history/in-defense-of-henry-j-kaisers-world-war-ii-ship-quality">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=about.kaiserpermanente.org&rft.atitle=In+defense+of+Henry+J.+Kaiser%27s+World+War+II+ship+quality&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabout.kaiserpermanente.org%2Four-story%2Four-history%2Fin-defense-of-henry-j-kaisers-world-war-ii-ship-quality&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/our-story/our-history/henry-kaisers-escort-carriers-and-the-battle-of-leyte-gulf">"Henry Kaiser's escort carriers and the Battle of Leyte Gulf"</a>. <i>about.kaiserpermanente.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221005113313/https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/our-story/our-history/henry-kaisers-escort-carriers-and-the-battle-of-leyte-gulf">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=about.kaiserpermanente.org&rft.atitle=Henry+Kaiser%27s+escort+carriers+and+the+Battle+of+Leyte+Gulf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabout.kaiserpermanente.org%2Four-story%2Four-history%2Fhenry-kaisers-escort-carriers-and-the-battle-of-leyte-gulf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedman1983">Friedman 1983</a>, p. 176</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToppan1998" class="citation web cs1">Toppan, Andrew (1 January 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hazegray.org/navhist/carriers/us_esc3.htm">"World Aircraft Carriers List: U.S. Escort Carriers, T3 Hulls"</a>. <i>HazeGray.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200815035520/https://www.hazegray.org/navhist/carriers/us_esc3.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HazeGray.org&rft.atitle=World+Aircraft+Carriers+List%3A+U.S.+Escort+Carriers%2C+T3+Hulls&rft.date=1998-01-01&rft.aulast=Toppan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hazegray.org%2Fnavhist%2Fcarriers%2Fus_esc3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrueger-Kopiske2007" class="citation web cs1">Krueger-Kopiske, Karsten-Kunibert (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drawings.usmaritimecommission.de/drawings_tanker.htm">"Outboard Profiles of Maritime Commission Vessels – The Tanker Designs and her Conversions"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200221115219/http://drawings.usmaritimecommission.de/drawings_tanker.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Outboard+Profiles+of+Maritime+Commission+Vessels+%E2%80%93+The+Tanker+Designs+and+her+Conversions&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Krueger-Kopiske&rft.aufirst=Karsten-Kunibert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdrawings.usmaritimecommission.de%2Fdrawings_tanker.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPriolo2021" class="citation web cs1">Priolo, Gary P. (15 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navsource.org/archives/09/19/19105.htm">"USS Mispillion (T-AO-105)"</a>. <i>NavSource.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210127010311/https://www.navsource.org/archives/09/19/19105.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NavSource.org&rft.atitle=USS+Mispillion+%28T-AO-105%29&rft.date=2021-01-15&rft.aulast=Priolo&rft.aufirst=Gary+P.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navsource.org%2Farchives%2F09%2F19%2F19105.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchultz1977" class="citation journal cs1">Schultz, L. R. (Spring 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nsa.gov/Portals/70/documents/news-features/declassified-documents/cryptologic-spectrum/comint_and_the_torpedoing.pdf">"COMINT and the Torpedoing of the Battleship Yamato"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Cryptologic Spectrum</i>. Fort Meade, Maryland: <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a>: 20–23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cryptologic+Spectrum&rft.atitle=COMINT+and+the+Torpedoing+of+the+Battleship+Yamato&rft.ssn=spring&rft.pages=20-23&rft.date=1977&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=L.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsa.gov%2FPortals%2F70%2Fdocuments%2Fnews-features%2Fdeclassified-documents%2Fcryptologic-spectrum%2Fcomint_and_the_torpedoing.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFriedman1983">Friedman 1983</a>, p. 199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown1995">Brown 1995</a>, p. 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown1977">Brown 1977</a>, p. 63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown1977">Brown 1977</a>, p. 61</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECanaday199013−20-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECanaday199013−20_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCanaday1990">Canaday 1990</a>, pp. 13−20.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1977" class="citation book cs1">Brown, David (1977). <i>Aircraft Carriers</i>. Arco Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-668-04164-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-668-04164-1"><bdi>0-668-04164-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aircraft+Carriers&rft.pub=Arco+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-668-04164-1&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown1995" class="citation book cs1">Brown, David (1995). <i>Warship Losses of World War Two</i>. Naval Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-914-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-914-X"><bdi>1-55750-914-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Warship+Losses+of+World+War+Two&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=1-55750-914-X&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2000" class="citation book cs1">Brown, David K. (2000). <i>Nelson to Vanguard: Warship Design and Development 1923–1945</i>. British Warship Development. Chatham Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86176-136-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-86176-136-8"><bdi>1-86176-136-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nelson+to+Vanguard%3A+Warship+Design+and+Development+1923%E2%80%931945&rft.series=British+Warship+Development&rft.pub=Chatham+Publishing&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-86176-136-8&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=David+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedman1983" class="citation book cs1">Friedman, Norman (1983). <i>U.S. Aircraft Carriers</i>. Naval Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-739-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87021-739-9"><bdi>0-87021-739-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Aircraft+Carriers&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-87021-739-9&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Norman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHague1998" class="citation book cs1">Hague, Arnold (1998). <i>Convoy Rescue Ships 1940–1945</i>. World Ship Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-905617-88-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-905617-88-6"><bdi>0-905617-88-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Convoy+Rescue+Ships+1940%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=World+Ship+Society&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-905617-88-6&rft.aulast=Hague&rft.aufirst=Arnold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanaday1990" class="citation report cs1">Canaday, John L. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/ADA227420">The Small Aircraft Carrier: A Re-Evaluation of the Sea Control Ship</a> (Report). Fort Leavenworth, KS: Defense Technical Information Center<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=The+Small+Aircraft+Carrier%3A+A+Re-Evaluation+of+the+Sea+Control+Ship&rft.place=Fort+Leavenworth%2C+KS&rft.pub=Defense+Technical+Information+Center&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Canaday&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapps.dtic.mil%2Fsti%2Fcitations%2FADA227420&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdcock1996" class="citation book cs1">Adcock, Al (1996). <i>Escort Carriers in Action</i>. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89747-356-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89747-356-9"><bdi>978-0-89747-356-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Escort+Carriers+in+Action&rft.place=Carrollton%2C+Texas&rft.pub=Squadron%2FSignal+Publications&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-89747-356-9&rft.aulast=Adcock&rft.aufirst=Al&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallery1965" class="citation book cs1">Gallery, Daniel V. (1965). <i>20 Million Tons Under The Sea</i>. New York: Ballantine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=20+Million+Tons+Under+The+Sea&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Ballantine&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Gallery&rft.aufirst=Daniel+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaluppini1981" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Galuppini, Gino (1981). <i>Le Guide des Porte-Avions</i> [<i>The Aircraft Carrier Guide</i>] (in French). Paris: Fernand Nathan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Guide+des+Porte-Avions&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Fernand+Nathan&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Galuppini&rft.aufirst=Gino&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldberg1992" class="citation book cs1">Goldberg, Mark H. (1992). <i>Caviar & Cargo: The C3 Passenger Ships</i>. American Merchant Marine History Series. Vol. II. North American Maritime Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Caviar+%26+Cargo%3A+The+C3+Passenger+Ships&rft.series=American+Merchant+Marine+History+Series&rft.pub=North+American+Maritime+Books&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Mark+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorison1958" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Eliot_Morison" title="Samuel Eliot Morison">Morison, Samuel E.</a> (1958). <i>Leyte: June 1944 – January 1945</i>. <a href="/wiki/History_of_United_States_Naval_Operations_in_World_War_II" title="History of United States Naval Operations in World War II">History of United States Naval Operations in World War II</a>. Vol. XII. Edison, New Jersey: Castle Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7858-1313-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7858-1313-6"><bdi>0-7858-1313-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leyte%3A+June+1944+%E2%80%93+January+1945&rft.place=Edison%2C+New+Jersey&rft.series=History+of+United+States+Naval+Operations+in+World+War+II&rft.pub=Castle+Books&rft.date=1958&rft.isbn=0-7858-1313-6&rft.aulast=Morison&rft.aufirst=Samuel+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoolman1972" class="citation book cs1">Poolman, Kenneth (1972). <i>Escort Carrier 1941–1945: An Account of British Escort Carriers in Trade Protection</i>. London: Ian Allan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Escort+Carrier+1941%E2%80%931945%3A+An+Account+of+British+Escort+Carriers+in+Trade+Protection&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Ian+Allan&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Poolman&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarrilow1989" class="citation book cs1">Warrilow, Betty (1989). <i>Nabob, the First Canadian-manned Aircraft Carrier</i>. Owen Sound, Ontario: Escort Carriers Association.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nabob%2C+the+First+Canadian-manned+Aircraft+Carrier&rft.place=Owen+Sound%2C+Ontario&rft.pub=Escort+Carriers+Association&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Warrilow&rft.aufirst=Betty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFY'Blood1987" class="citation book cs1">Y'Blood, William T. (1987). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/littlegiantsuses00yblo"><i>The Little Giants: U.S. Escort Carriers Against Japan</i></a></span>. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-275-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87021-275-3"><bdi>0-87021-275-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Little+Giants%3A+U.S.+Escort+Carriers+Against+Japan&rft.place=Annapolis%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-87021-275-3&rft.aulast=Y%27Blood&rft.aufirst=William+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flittlegiantsuses00yblo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEscort+carrier" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Escort_carriers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Escort carriers">Escort carriers</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Naval_ships_and_warships_in_19th_and_20th_centuries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Warship_types_of_the_19th_%26_20th_centuries" title="Template:Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Warship_types_of_the_19th_%26_20th_centuries" title="Template talk:Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Warship_types_of_the_19th_%26_20th_centuries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Naval_ships_and_warships_in_19th_and_20th_centuries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Naval_ship" title="Naval ship">Naval ships</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warship" title="Warship">warships</a> in 19th and 20th centuries</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_naval_ship_classes_in_service" title="List of naval ship classes in service">Naval ship classes in service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarine_classes_in_service" title="List of submarine classes in service">submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_auxiliary_ship_classes_in_service" title="List of auxiliary ship classes in service">auxiliary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_geography" title="Maritime geography">Operational zones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown-water_navy" title="Brown-water navy">Brown-water navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green-water_navy" title="Green-water navy">Green-water navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-water_navy" title="Blue-water navy">Blue-water navy</a></li></ul></li> <li>Gun placement <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broadside_(naval)" title="Broadside (naval)">Broadside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_battery_ship" title="Central battery ship">Central battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casemate" title="Casemate">Casemate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_turret" title="Gun turret">Turrets</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship" title="Amphibious assault ship">Amphibious assault ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare_carrier" title="Anti-submarine warfare carrier">Anti-submarine warfare carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balloon_carrier" title="Balloon carrier">Balloon carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlecarrier" title="Battlecarrier">Battlecarrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAM_ship" title="CAM ship">CAM ship</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Escort carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_catapult_ship" title="Fighter catapult ship">Fighter catapult ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_carrier" title="Fleet carrier">Fleet carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_deck_cruiser" title="Flight deck cruiser">Flight deck cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helicopter_carrier" title="Helicopter carrier">Helicopter carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interdiction_Assault_Ship" title="Interdiction Assault Ship">Interdiction Assault Ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft_carrier" title="Light aircraft carrier">Light aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_aircraft_carrier" title="Merchant aircraft carrier">Merchant aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaplane_tender" title="Seaplane tender">Seaplane tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercarrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Supercarrier">Supercarrier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">Battleships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_defence_ship" title="Coastal defence ship">Coastal defence ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought" title="Dreadnought">Dreadnought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_battleship" title="Fast battleship">Fast battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-dreadnought_battleship" title="Pre-dreadnought battleship">Pre-dreadnought battleship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought#Super-dreadnoughts" title="Dreadnought">Super-dreadnought</a> (<a href="/wiki/Standard-type_battleship" title="Standard-type battleship">Standard-type battleship</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_battleship" title="Treaty battleship">Treaty battleship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cruiser" title="Cruiser">Cruisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_cruiser" title="Aircraft cruiser">Aircraft cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_cruiser" title="Armored cruiser">Armored cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlecruiser" title="Battlecruiser">Battlecruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guided_missile_cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Guided missile cruiser">Guided missile cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_cruiser" title="Heavy cruiser">Heavy cruiser</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deutschland-class_cruiser" title="Deutschland-class cruiser">Pocket battleship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_cruiser" title="Light cruiser">Light cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchant_raider" title="Merchant raider">Merchant raider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_cruiser" title="Protected cruiser">Protected cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_cruiser" title="Scout cruiser">Scout cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_cruiser" title="Strike cruiser">Strike cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_cruiser" title="Torpedo cruiser">Torpedo cruiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unprotected_cruiser" title="Unprotected cruiser">Unprotected cruiser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Escort</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviso" title="Aviso">Aviso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convoy_rescue_ship" title="Convoy rescue ship">Convoy rescue ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">Destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_escort" title="Destroyer escort">Destroyer escort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_leader" title="Destroyer leader">Destroyer leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escort_destroyer" title="Escort destroyer">Escort destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escorteur" title="Escorteur">Escorteur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">Frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guided-missile_destroyer" title="Guided-missile destroyer">Guided-missile destroyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaib%C5%8Dkan" title="Kaibōkan">Kaibōkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar_picket" title="Radar picket">Radar picket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloop-of-war" title="Sloop-of-war">Sloop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_transport_dock" title="Amphibious transport dock">Amphibious transport dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare_ship" title="Amphibious warfare ship">Amphibious warfare ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_transport" title="Attack transport">Attack transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock_landing_ship" title="Dock landing ship">Dock landing ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">Landing craft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_craft_carrier" title="Landing craft carrier">Landing craft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Craft_Support" title="Landing Craft Support">Landing Craft Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Heavy" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing Ship Heavy">Landing Ship Heavy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_ship,_infantry" title="Landing ship, infantry">Landing ship, infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Logistics" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing Ship Logistics">Landing Ship Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Medium" title="Landing Ship Medium">Landing Ship Medium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship,_Tank" title="Landing Ship, Tank">Landing Ship, Tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_Ship_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing Ship Vehicle">Landing Ship Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troopship" title="Troopship">Troopship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Patrol craft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_boarding_steamer" title="Armed boarding steamer">Armed boarding steamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_yacht" title="Armed yacht">Armed yacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_motor_boat" title="Coastal motor boat">Coastal motor boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">Corvette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunboat" title="Gunboat">Gunboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbour_defence_motor_launch" title="Harbour defence motor launch">Harbour defence motor launch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_launch_(naval)" title="Motor launch (naval)">Motor launch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_drifter" title="Naval drifter">Naval drifter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_trawler" title="Naval trawler">Naval trawler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_boarding_vessel" title="Ocean boarding vessel">Ocean boarding vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">Patrol boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-ship" title="Q-ship">Q-ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_gun_boat" title="Steam gun boat">Steam gun boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_chaser" title="Submarine chaser">Submarine chaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_boat" title="Torpedo boat">Torpedo boat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fast_attack_craft" title="Fast attack craft">Fast attack craft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E-boat" title="E-boat">E-boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAS_(motorboat)" title="MAS (motorboat)">MAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_gunboat" title="Motor gunboat">MGB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_boat" title="Missile boat">Missile boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_torpedo_boat" title="Motor torpedo boat">MTB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MT_explosive_motorboat" title="MT explosive motorboat">MTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTSM_motor_torpedo_boat" title="MTSM motor torpedo boat">MTSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PT_boat" title="PT boat">PT boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin%27y%C5%8D-class_suicide_motorboat" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin'yō-class suicide motorboat">Shin'yō</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mine warfare</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danlayer" title="Danlayer">Danlayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_minesweeper" title="Destroyer minesweeper">Destroyer minesweeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_countermeasures_vessel" title="Mine countermeasures vessel">Mine countermeasures vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_planter" title="Mine planter">Mine planter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minehunter" title="Minehunter">Minehunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minelayer" title="Minelayer">Minelayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minesweeper" title="Minesweeper">Minesweeper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Command and support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amenities_ship" title="Amenities ship">Amenities ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_ship" title="Ammunition ship">Ammunition ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_repair_dock" title="Auxiliary repair dock">Auxiliary repair dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_ship" title="Auxiliary ship">Auxiliary ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collier_(ship)" title="Collier (ship)">Collier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_stores_ship" title="Combat stores ship">Combat stores ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_ship" title="Command ship">Command ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_vessel" title="Crane vessel">Crane vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depot_ship" title="Depot ship">Depot ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_tender" title="Destroyer tender">Destroyer tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dispatch_boat" title="Dispatch boat">Dispatch boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_combat_support_ship" title="Fast combat support ship">Fast combat support ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_stores_issue_ship" title="General stores issue ship">General stores issue ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ship" title="Hospital ship">Hospital ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_support_ship" title="Joint support ship">Joint support ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tugboat" title="Tugboat">Naval tugboat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_laying_ship" title="Net laying ship">Net laying ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repair_ship" title="Repair ship">Repair ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replenishment_oiler" title="Replenishment oiler">Replenishment oiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_tender" title="Submarine tender">Submarine tender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attack_submarine" title="Attack submarine">Attack submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">Ballistic missile submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_submarine" title="Coastal submarine">Coastal submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruise missile submarine">Cruise missile submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiser_submarine" title="Cruiser submarine">Cruiser submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep-submergence_vehicle" title="Deep-submergence vehicle">Deep-submergence vehicle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep-submergence_rescue_vehicle" title="Deep-submergence rescue vehicle">DSRV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_submarine" title="Fleet submarine">Fleet submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_torpedo" title="Human torpedo">Human torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midget_submarine" title="Midget submarine">Midget submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_aircraft_carrier" title="Submarine aircraft carrier">Submarine aircraft carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet_sub" title="Wet sub">Wet sub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_merchantman" title="Armed merchantman">Armed merchantman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_ship" title="Arsenal ship">Arsenal ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barracks_ship" title="Barracks ship">Barracks ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breastwork_monitor" title="Breastwork monitor">Breastwork monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_ship" title="Capital ship">Capital ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drone_carrier" title="Drone carrier">Drone carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagship" title="Flagship">Flagship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floating_battery" title="Floating battery">Floating battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guard_ship" title="Guard ship">Guard ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littoral_combat_ship" title="Littoral combat ship">Littoral combat ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monitor_(warship)" title="Monitor (warship)">Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_ship" title="Mother ship">Mother ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_monitor" title="River monitor">River monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_ship" title="Training ship">Training ship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ship_types" title="Template:Ship types">Ship types</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Sailing_vessels_and_rigs" title="Template:Sailing vessels and rigs">Sailing vessels</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&oldid=1248023360">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&oldid=1248023360</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ship_types" title="Category:Ship types">Ship types</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Aircraft_carriers" title="Category:Aircraft carriers">Aircraft carriers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Escort_carriers" title="Category:Escort carriers">Escort carriers</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2021">Use dmy dates from April 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2021" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from April 2021">Articles needing additional references from April 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2011" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2011">Articles needing additional references from September 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 27 September 2024, at 06:46<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Escort_carrier&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-cc877b49b-27s96","wgBackendResponseTime":1429,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.904","walltime":"1.221","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3992,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":90083,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":1906,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":76815,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1058.141 1 -total"," 15.90% 168.226 1 Template:Reflist"," 10.39% 109.895 1 Template:Warship_types_of_the_19th_\u0026amp;_20th_centuries"," 10.11% 106.939 1 Template:Navbox"," 9.97% 105.491 19 Template:MV"," 9.69% 102.524 1 Template:Cite_magazine"," 8.41% 88.973 22 Template:USS"," 6.45% 68.198 23 Template:HMS"," 6.29% 66.526 13 Template:Cite_book"," 6.02% 63.732 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.564","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10646946,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAdcock1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrown2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCanaday1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvans1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFriedman1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGallery1965\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGaluppini1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldberg1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHague1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKrueger-Kopiske2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorison1958\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoolman1972\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPriolo2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchultz1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFToppan1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWarrilow1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFY\u0026#039;Blood1987\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Cite book\"] = 13,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 5,\n [\"Commons category-inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 6,\n [\"Cvt\"] = 37,\n [\"Frac\"] = 3,\n [\"GS\"] = 1,\n [\"HMS\"] = 23,\n [\"HTMS\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 12,\n [\"MV\"] = 19,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"More citations needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sclass\"] = 20,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 1,\n [\"Ship\"] = 12,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"USS\"] = 22,\n [\"Unreferenced section\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Warship types of the 19th \u0026 20th centuries\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-cc877b49b-27s96","timestamp":"20241127122537","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Escort carrier","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Escort_carrier","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q253555","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q253555","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-14T07:17:02Z","dateModified":"2024-09-27T06:46:58Z","headline":"slow and small aircraft carrier"}</script> </body> </html>