Publication Data < Yale University

<!doctype html> <html xml:lang="en" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <title>Publication Data < Yale University</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="gVVqStu35k6xvXFdEFk4jzm-dzPPDhDIKVjUKHIQG04" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="228x228" href="/archive/2021-2022/images/touch-icon-228.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="228x228" href="/archive/2021-2022/images/touch-icon-228.png"> <link href="/archive/2021-2022/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/archive/2021-2022/css/reset.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/archive/2021-2022/css/courseleaf.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/archive/2021-2022/fonts/font-awesome/font-awesome.min.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:400,300,400italic,500,700,500italic,700italic,300italic" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/archive/2021-2022/css/screen.css" media="screen" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/archive/2021-2022/css/print.css" media="print" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/archive/2021-2022/js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/archive/2021-2022/js/lfjs.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/archive/2021-2022/js/lfjs_any.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/archive/2021-2022/js/lfjs.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/archive/2021-2022/js/courseleaf.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/archive/2021-2022/js/custom.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var edition = "2021-2022"; var archivepath = "/archive/2021-2022"; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-43202520-1', 'yale.edu'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> </head> <body class="yalecollege">  <div class="accessible noscript"> <div class="accessible-menu"> <ul> <li><a href="#content">Skip to Content</a></li> <li><a href="/archive/2021-2022/gsas/azindex/">AZ Index</a></li> <li><a href="/archive/2021-2022/">Catalog Home</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.yale.edu">Institution Home</a></li> </ul> </div> </div>   <header id="header" class="clearfix"> <div class="wrap clearfix"> <div id="logo" class="logo clearfix"> <a href="//bulletin.yale.edu">Bulletin of Yale University</a> </div> <div id="hamburger"><span>Menu</span></div> <div class="search" role="search"> <form id="catalog-search" id="cl-search" action="/search/" class="clearfix" role="search"> <input type="hidden" name="edition" value="2021-2022" /> <input type="hidden" name="archivepath" value="/archive/2021-2022" /> <label for="head-name" class="sr-only">Search Bulletin</label> <input type="submit" value="Search" class="submit"><i class="fa fa-search"></i> <input type="text" name="search" size="25" placeholder="Search This Site" class="searchbox" id="head-name" title="Search This Site"> </form> </div> </div> </header>  <div class="white-container"> <div class="wrap header-wrap"> <div id="edition">  <h1>Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Programs and Policies 2021–2022</h1> </div> <nav id="navigation" aria-label="header navigation"> <div class="wrap"> <ul class="clearfix dropNav"> <li><a href="/archive/2021-2022/gsas/azindex/">A–Z Index</a></li> <li><a href="#print-dialog" id="print-btn" onclick="showPrintDialog(); return false;">Print/Download Options</a></li> <li><a href="//bulletin.yale.edu/bulletins-pdf/bulletin-archive">Bulletin Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="content-wrapper" class="wrap clearfix">  <div id="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-label="Breadcrumb navigation"> <ul><li><a href="/archive/2021-2022/">Yale University Publications</a><span class="crumbsep"> / </span></li><li><a href="/archive/2021-2022/gsas/">Graduate School of Arts and Sciences</a><span class="crumbsep"> / </span></li><li><span class="active">Publication Data</span></li></ul> </div> <div id="nav-col"> <div class="eds-container"> <h2> <button title="Explore previous editions" aria-controls="prev-eds" id="ed-switcher"> <span class="sr-only">Current Edition: </span>Graduate Archive<span class="sr-only">. 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To access the most recent version of the bulletin, please visit <a href="http://catalog.yale.edu">http://catalog.yale.edu</a>. </p> </div> <h1>Publication Data</h1> <div id="textcontainer" class="tab_content"> <div class="Basic-Text-Frame"> <p class="3regulartext"><span class="3btext">Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br/> <em>Programs and Policies</em></span><br/> <span class="3btext">2021–2022</span></p> <p class="3regulartext"><span class="3btext">Bulletin of Yale University</span><br/> <span class="3btext">Series 117 Number 5 July 15, 2021</span></p> <p class="3regulartext"><span class="3btext">BULLETIN OF YALE UNIVERSITY</span> (<span class="3btext">USPS</span> 078-500) is published seventeen times a year (one time in May and October; three times in June and September; four times in July; five times in August) by Yale University, 2 Whitney Avenue, New Haven CT 06510. Periodicals postage paid at New Haven, Connecticut.</p> <p class="3regulartext">Bulletin of Yale University<br/> PO Box 208227, New Haven CT 06520-8227</p> <p class="3regulartext">Managing Editor: Kimberly M. Goff-Crews<br/> Editor: Lesley K. Baier</p> <p class="3regulartext">The closing date for material in this bulletin was June 25, 2021.<br/> The University reserves the right to amend or supplement the information published in this bulletin at any time, including but not limited to withdrawing or modifying the courses of instruction or changing the instructors.</p> <p class="3regulartext">©2021 by Yale University. All rights reserved. The material in this bulletin may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form, whether in print or electronic media, without written permission from Yale University.</p> <p class="3regulartext">The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Bulletin is primarily a digital publication, available in HTML and pdf at <a href="https://bulletin.yale.edu" target="_blank">https://bulletin.yale.edu</a>. A limited number of copies were printed on 50% postconsumer recycled paper for the Graduate School and the permanent archive of the Bulletin of Yale University. 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Publication Data < Yale University