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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Biografia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inizi,_famiglia,_vita_e_formazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inizi,_famiglia,_vita_e_formazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Inizi, famiglia, vita e formazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inizi,_famiglia,_vita_e_formazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Servizio_militare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Servizio_militare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Servizio militare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Servizio_militare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il_cancellierato" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il_cancellierato"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Il cancellierato</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il_cancellierato-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Posizioni_politiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Posizioni_politiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Posizioni politiche</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Posizioni_politiche-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Posizioni politiche</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Posizioni_politiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Politica_interna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politica_interna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Politica interna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politica_interna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politica_interna_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politica_interna_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Politica interna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politica_interna_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politica_estera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politica_estera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Politica estera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politica_estera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politica_climatica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politica_climatica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Politica climatica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politica_climatica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amicizie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amicizie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Amicizie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amicizie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_morte_e_il_funerale_di_Stato" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_morte_e_il_funerale_di_Stato"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>La morte e il funerale di Stato</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_morte_e_il_funerale_di_Stato-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vita_privata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vita_privata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vita privata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vita_privata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onorificenze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Onorificenze</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Onorificenze-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Onorificenze</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Onorificenze_tedesche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze_tedesche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Onorificenze tedesche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze_tedesche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onorificenze_straniere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze_straniere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Onorificenze straniere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze_straniere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opere_tradotte_in_italiano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opere_tradotte_in_italiano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Opere tradotte in italiano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opere_tradotte_in_italiano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Indice" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Helmut Schmidt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 91 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-91" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">91 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="هلموت شميت - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هلموت شميت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="هلموت شميت - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هلموت شميت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_%C5%9Emidt" title="Helmut Şmidt - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Helmut Şmidt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - bavarese" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bavarese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A8%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82" title="Гельмут Шміт - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гельмут Шміт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A8%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82" title="Гэльмут Шміт - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гэльмут Шміт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Хелмут Шмит - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хелмут Шмит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F" title="হেলমুট শ্মিট - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হেলমুট শ্মিট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - basso sorabo" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="basso sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84_%CE%A3%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%84" title="Χέλμουτ Σμιτ - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χέλμουτ Σμιτ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="هلموت اشمیت - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هلموت اشمیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%98_%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%98" title="הלמוט שמידט - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הלמוט שמידט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - alto sorabo" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF_%D5%87%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%BF" title="Հելմուտ Շմիդտ - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հելմուտ Շմիդտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%9F%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="ヘルムート・シュミット - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘルムート・シュミット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ჰელმუტ შმიდტი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰელმუტ შმიდტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - kara-kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="kara-kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Хельмут Шмидт - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хельмут Шмидт" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%AC%EB%AC%B4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%8A%88%EB%AF%B8%ED%8A%B8" title="헬무트 슈미트 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헬무트 슈미트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - coloniese" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="coloniese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helimutus_Schmidt" title="Helimutus Schmidt - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Helimutus Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helm%C5%ABts_%C5%A0mits" title="Helmūts Šmits - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Helmūts Šmits" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F" title="हेल्मुट श्मिट - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हेल्मुट श्मिट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="هلموت اشمیت - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هلموت اشمیت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - basso tedesco" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="basso tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - piemontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D9%B9_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%AA" title="ہیلمٹ شمت - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہیلمٹ شمت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82,_%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Шмидт, Гельмут - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шмидт, Гельмут" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Хелмут Шмит - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хелмут Шмит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="voce consigliata"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%97_%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97" title="เฮ็ลมูท ชมิท - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฮ็ลมูท ชมิท" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Һелмут Шмидт - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һелмут Шмидт" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%A8%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%82" title="Гельмут Шмідт - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гельмут Шмідт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D9%B9_%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%B9" title="ہیلمٹ شمٹ - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہیلمٹ شمٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Helmut Schmidt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li 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lang="it" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r143074810">.mw-parser-output .sinottico{background-color:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #c8ccd1;border-spacing:0;clear:right;float:right;font-size:95%;line-height:1.4em;margin:0 0 1em 1.5em;width:280px}.mw-parser-output .sinottico caption{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child){background-color:#f3f3f3;border-right:1px solid #e5e5e8;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr:not(:last-child)>th,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>th{border-bottom:1px solid #e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output .sinottico>tbody>tr>th:not(:only-child),.mw-parser-output .sinottico_annidata>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output 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.sinottico_piede{text-align:center;font-size:90%;background:#EFEFEF}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_piede2{background-color:white;font-size:xx-small;padding-bottom:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_sottotitolo{font-size:80%}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testata th{background-color:#dedede;font-size:116%;padding:.2em .4em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sinottico_testo_centrale{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EAEAF7;color: black;">Helmut Schmidt</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundeskanzler_Helmut_Schmidt_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bundeskanzler_Helmut_Schmidt_%281%29.jpg/250px-Bundeskanzler_Helmut_Schmidt_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="232" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Bundeskanzler_Helmut_Schmidt_%281%29.jpg/500px-Bundeskanzler_Helmut_Schmidt_%281%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2164" data-file-height="2800" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Helmut Schmidt nel 1977</td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;">5º <a href="/wiki/Cancelliere_federale_della_Germania" title="Cancelliere federale della Germania">Cancelliere federale della Germania</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>16 maggio 1974 –<br />1º ottobre 1982 </td></tr><tr><th>Presidente</th><td><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Heinemann" title="Gustav Heinemann">Gustav Heinemann</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scheel" title="Walter Scheel">Walter Scheel</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Karl_Carstens" title="Karl Carstens">Karl Carstens</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Vice capo del governo</th><td><a href="/wiki/Hans-Dietrich_Genscher" title="Hans-Dietrich Genscher">Hans-Dietrich Genscher</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Egon_Franke_(politico)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egon Franke (politico) (la pagina non esiste)">Egon Franke</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Presidente_del_Consiglio_europeo" title="Presidente del Consiglio europeo">Presidente del Consiglio europeo</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>1º luglio 1978 –<br />31 dicembre 1978 </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Anker_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Anker Jørgensen">Anker Jørgensen</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Ministri_delle_finanze_della_Germania" title="Ministri delle finanze della Germania">Ministro federale delle finanze</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>7 luglio 1972 –<br />16 maggio 1974 </td></tr><tr><th>Capo del governo</th><td><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Schiller" title="Karl Schiller">Karl Schiller</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Hans_Apel" title="Hans Apel">Hans Apel</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Ministri_dell%27economia_della_Germania" title="Ministri dell'economia della Germania">Ministro federale dell'economia</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>7 luglio 1972 –<br />15 dicembre 1972 </td></tr><tr><th>Capo del governo</th><td><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Schiller" title="Karl Schiller">Karl Schiller</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Hans_Friderichs" title="Hans Friderichs">Hans Friderichs</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Ministri_della_difesa_della_Germania" title="Ministri della difesa della Germania">Ministro della difesa</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>22 ottobre 1969 –<br />7 luglio 1972 </td></tr><tr><th>Capo del governo</th><td><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der_(politico,_1910)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Schröder (politico, 1910) (la pagina non esiste)">Gerhard Schröder</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/wiki/Georg_Leber" title="Georg Leber">Georg Leber</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;">Presidente del gruppo <a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a> nel <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>14 marzo 1967 –<br />22 ottobre 1969 </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_Erler_(politico)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fritz Erler (politico) (la pagina non esiste)">Fritz Erler</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Wener&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herbert Wener (la pagina non esiste)">Herbert Wener</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;">Presidente federale della<br /><a href="/wiki/Lega_tedesca_degli_studenti_socialisti" title="Lega tedesca degli studenti socialisti">Lega tedesca degli studenti socialisti</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>1947 –<br />1948 </td></tr><tr><th>Contitolare</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Wittrock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Wittrock (la pagina non esiste)">Karl Wittrock</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz-Joachim_Heydorn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz-Joachim Heydorn (la pagina non esiste)">Heinz-Joachim Heydorn</a> e<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Hooge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Hooge (la pagina non esiste)">Alfred Hooge</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_van_Nes_Ziegler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John van Nes Ziegler (la pagina non esiste)">John van Nes Ziegler</a> e<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Recknagel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Recknagel (la pagina non esiste)">Rolf Recknagel</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#EAEAF7;"><a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Membro del Bundestag</a><br />per <a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a></th></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>6 ottobre 1953 –<br />15 ottobre 1957 </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><i>distretto plurinominale</i> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><i>distretto plurinominale</i> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>15 ottobre 1957 –<br />19 gennaio 1962 </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willy_Max_Rademacher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willy Max Rademacher (la pagina non esiste)">Willy Max Rademacher</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eugen_Glombig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugen Glombig (la pagina non esiste)">Eugen Glombig</a> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>19 ottobre 1965 –<br />20 ottobre 1969 </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><i>distretto plurinominale</i> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><i>distretto plurinominale</i> </td></tr><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr><th>Durata mandato</th><td>20 ottobre 1969 –<br />18 febbraio 1987 </td></tr><tr><th>Predecessore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolaus_Jurgensen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolaus Jurgensen (la pagina non esiste)">Nikolaus Jurgensen</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Successore</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Niese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Niese (la pagina non esiste)">Rolf Niese</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Legislatura</th><td><a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_del_1953" title="Elezioni federali in Germania del 1953">2ª</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_del_1957" title="Elezioni federali in Germania del 1957">3ª</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_Ovest_del_1961" class="mw-redirect" title="Elezioni federali in Germania Ovest del 1961">4ª</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_del_1965" title="Elezioni federali in Germania del 1965">5ª</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_Ovest_del_1969" class="mw-redirect" title="Elezioni federali in Germania Ovest del 1969">6ª</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_Ovest_del_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Elezioni federali in Germania Ovest del 1972">7ª</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_Ovest_del_1976" class="mw-redirect" title="Elezioni federali in Germania Ovest del 1976">8ª</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_Ovest_del_1980" class="mw-redirect" title="Elezioni federali in Germania Ovest del 1980">9ª</a> <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_Ovest_del_1983" class="mw-redirect" title="Elezioni federali in Germania Ovest del 1983">10ª</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Gruppo<br />parlamentare</th><td><a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Circoscrizione_elettorale" title="Circoscrizione elettorale">Circoscrizione</a></th><td><b>3ª</b>, <b>4ª</b>: Amburgo VIII<br /><b>6ª</b>, <b>7ª</b>, <b>8ª</b>, <b>9ª</b>, <b>10ª</b>: Amburgo-Bergedorf </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><hr /> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#EAEAF7;color: black;">Dati generali</th></tr><tr><th>Partito politico</th><td><a href="/wiki/Partito_Socialdemocratico_di_Germania" title="Partito Socialdemocratico di Germania">SPD</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Titolo di studio</th><td>Laurea in economia </td></tr><tr><th>Università</th><td><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_di_Amburgo" title="Università di Amburgo">Università di Amburgo</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Professione</th><td>Funzionario, editore, economista </td></tr><tr><th>Firma</th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Helmut_Schmidt_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Firma di Helmut Schmidt"><img alt="Firma di Helmut Schmidt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Helmut_Schmidt_Signature.svg/130px-Helmut_Schmidt_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Helmut_Schmidt_Signature.svg/195px-Helmut_Schmidt_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Helmut_Schmidt_Signature.svg/260px-Helmut_Schmidt_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="434" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143074810" /><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue; color: black;">Helmut Schmidt</th></tr><tr><th>Nascita</th><td><a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a>, 23 dicembre 1918 </td></tr><tr><th>Morte</th><td><a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a>, 10 novembre 2015<br />(96 anni) </td></tr><tr><th>Luogo di sepoltura</th><td><a href="/wiki/Cimitero_di_Ohlsdorf" title="Cimitero di Ohlsdorf">Cimitero di Ohlsdorf</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue; color: black;">Dati militari</th></tr><tr><th>Paese servito</th><td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Germania_nazista" title="Germania nazista">Germania nazista</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Forza armata</th><td><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe_(Wehrmacht)" title="Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht)">Luftwaffe</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Unità</th><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1st_Panzer_Division_(1935-1940).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/1st_Panzer_Division_%281935-1940%29.svg/21px-1st_Panzer_Division_%281935-1940%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/1st_Panzer_Division_%281935-1940%29.svg/32px-1st_Panzer_Division_%281935-1940%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/1st_Panzer_Division_%281935-1940%29.svg/42px-1st_Panzer_Division_%281935-1940%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/1._Panzer-Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="1. Panzer-Division (Wehrmacht)">1. Panzer-Division</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Anni di servizio</th><td>1937–1945 </td></tr><tr><th>Grado</th><td>Oberleutnant </td></tr><tr><th>Guerre</th><td><a href="/wiki/Seconda_guerra_mondiale" title="Seconda guerra mondiale">Seconda guerra mondiale</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Decorazioni</th><td><a href="/wiki/Croce_di_Ferro" title="Croce di Ferro">Croce di Ferro</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Altre cariche</th><td>Cancelliere federale della Germania </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="sinottico_piede" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><b><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Militari" title="Categoria:Militari">voci di militari presenti su Wikipedia</a></b> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Template:Militare/man" title="Template:Militare/man"><span title="Manuale del template Militare">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F039405-0014,_Hannover,_SPD-Bundesparteitag,_Schmidt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F039405-0014%2C_Hannover%2C_SPD-Bundesparteitag%2C_Schmidt.jpg/250px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F039405-0014%2C_Hannover%2C_SPD-Bundesparteitag%2C_Schmidt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F039405-0014%2C_Hannover%2C_SPD-Bundesparteitag%2C_Schmidt.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F039405-0014%2C_Hannover%2C_SPD-Bundesparteitag%2C_Schmidt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F039405-0014%2C_Hannover%2C_SPD-Bundesparteitag%2C_Schmidt.jpg/500px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F039405-0014%2C_Hannover%2C_SPD-Bundesparteitag%2C_Schmidt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="509" /></a><figcaption>Helmut Schmidt durante un discorso alla conferenza della <a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a> ad <a href="/wiki/Hannover" title="Hannover">Hannover</a> nel 1973</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt</b> (<a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a>, <a href="/wiki/23_dicembre" title="23 dicembre">23 dicembre</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> – <a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a>, <a href="/wiki/10_novembre" title="10 novembre">10 novembre</a> <a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) è stato un <a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">politico</a> <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">tedesco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cancelliere_federale_della_Germania" title="Cancelliere federale della Germania">cancelliere federale</a> della <a href="/wiki/Repubblica_Federale_di_Germania" class="mw-redirect" title="Repubblica Federale di Germania">Repubblica Federale di Germania</a> dal 6 maggio 1974 al 1º ottobre 1982. </p><p>Nel 1946, dopo aver partecipato al <a href="/wiki/Secondo_conflitto_mondiale" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondo conflitto mondiale">secondo conflitto mondiale</a>, si iscrisse al <a href="/wiki/Partito_Socialdemocratico_di_Germania" title="Partito Socialdemocratico di Germania">Partito Socialdemocratico di Germania</a> (SPD), per il quale fu membro del <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> dal 1953 al 1962 e poi dal 1967 al 1987. Fra il 1969 e il 1972 fu <a href="/wiki/Ministri_della_difesa_della_Germania" title="Ministri della difesa della Germania">Ministro della difesa</a> nel <a href="/wiki/Governo_Kiesinger" title="Governo Kiesinger">governo Kiesinger</a>, di grande coalizione. Nel 1972 il neo-cancelliere <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a>, anche lui dell'SPD, gli affidò il ruolo di <a href="/wiki/Ministri_delle_finanze_della_Germania" title="Ministri delle finanze della Germania">Ministro delle finanze</a>. Nel 1974, quando Brandt fu costretto a dimettersi per il coinvolgimento di un suo consigliere, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Guillaume" title="Günter Guillaume">Günter Guillaume</a>, in una rete di spionaggio a favore della <a href="/wiki/DDR" class="mw-redirect" title="DDR">DDR</a>, Schmidt gli subentrò alla guida del governo. Rimase in carica come cancelliere federale per otto anni, presiedendo tre governi (<a href="/wiki/Governo_Schmidt_I" title="Governo Schmidt I">Schmidt I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governo_Schmidt_II" title="Governo Schmidt II">II</a> e <a href="/wiki/Governo_Schmidt_III" title="Governo Schmidt III">III</a>, tutti in coalizione con il <a href="/wiki/Partito_Liberale_Democratico_(Germania)" title="Partito Liberale Democratico (Germania)">Partito Liberal-Democratico</a> - FDP)) e stabilendo il record di permanenza fra i cancellieri dell'SPD. Il periodo dei cancellierati Schmidt fu segnato dal <a href="/wiki/Terrorismo" title="Terrorismo">terrorismo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Banda_Baader-Meinhof" class="mw-redirect" title="Banda Baader-Meinhof">banda Baader-Meinhof</a>), dalla <a href="/wiki/Guerra_fredda" title="Guerra fredda">guerra fredda</a> con la vicina <a href="/wiki/Repubblica_Democratica_Tedesca" title="Repubblica Democratica Tedesca">Repubblica Democratica Tedesca</a>, dal rafforzamento dell'<a href="/wiki/Comunit%C3%A0_europea" class="mw-redirect" title="Comunità europea">integrazione europea</a> e dalla <a href="/wiki/Crisi_energetica_(1979)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crisi energetica (1979)">crisi energetica</a> che provocò forti fiammate <a href="/wiki/Inflazione" title="Inflazione">inflazionistiche</a> in tutto l'Occidente. </p><p>Nel 1982, i disaccordi in tema di politica economica e politica estera fra SPD e FDP indussero i liberal-democratici a rompere la coalizione e presentare, insieme al Partito Popolare (CDU/CSU), una <a href="/wiki/Mozione" title="Mozione">mozione</a> di <a href="/wiki/Sfiducia_costruttiva" title="Sfiducia costruttiva">sfiducia costruttiva</a> per sostituire Schmidt con <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a>. Lasciati i ruoli di governo, nel 1983 assunse la condirezione del settimanale <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Zeit" title="Die Zeit">Die Zeit</a></i> che detenne fino alla morte. Nel 1986 Schmidt fu tra i promotori dell'<a href="/wiki/Unione_economica_e_monetaria_dell%27Unione_europea" title="Unione economica e monetaria dell'Unione europea">unione monetaria europea</a> e della <a href="/wiki/Banca_centrale_europea" title="Banca centrale europea">Banca centrale europea</a>. Nello stesso anno, dopo essersi scontrato su questioni economiche con l'ala sinistra della SPD, si ritirò dal Parlamento. Negli anni successivi scrisse diversi saggi di argomento politico ed economico e godette di popolarità e stima tra i partiti come <i><a href="/wiki/Statista" title="Statista">statista anziano</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inizi,_famiglia,_vita_e_formazione"><span id="Inizi.2C_famiglia.2C_vita_e_formazione"></span>Inizi, famiglia, vita e formazione</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Inizi, famiglia, vita e formazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Inizi, famiglia, vita e formazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Helmut Schmidt nacque nel <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> a Barmbek, un quartiere operaio di <a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a>, maggiore dei due figli degli insegnanti Ludovica Koch (1890-1968) e Gustav Ludwig Schmidt (1888-1981).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lemo_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lemo-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suo padre era figlio naturale di un banchiere ebreo tedesco, Ludwig Gumpel, e una cameriera cristiana, Friederike Wenzel,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e poi di nascosto venne adottato: sulle origini fu mantenuto un segreto di famiglia per molti decenni.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ciò venne confermato pubblicamente da Schmidt nel <a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a>, dopo che <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> rivelò il fatto ai giornalisti, a quanto pare con il parere conforme di Schmidt. Schmidt stesso era un luterano non praticante.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schmidt studiò ad Amburgo alla scuola Lichtwark, diplomandosi nel 1937. Fino al 1936 fu leader di gruppo (Scharführer) nell'organizzazione della <a href="/wiki/Giovent%C3%B9_hitleriana" title="Gioventù hitleriana">Gioventù hitleriana</a>, ma per le idee antinaziste venne declassato e congedato.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tuttavia, l'antinazismo giovanile di Schmidt, a partire dal 1942m è stato messo in dubbio, da alcuni documenti che ne elogiano il comportamento impeccabile nazional-socialista; nel 1944 i suoi superiori dissero che Schmidt "stava nel terreno dell'ideologia nazionalsocialista, sapendo che doveva trasmetterla".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il 27 giugno <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> sposò l'amica d'infanzia Hannelore "Loki" Glaser (3 marzo 1919 - 21 ottobre 2010); la coppia ebbe due figli: Helmut Walter (26 giugno 1944 - 19 febbraio 1945, morto di meningite) e Susanne (nata l'8 maggio 1947), che lavora a Londra per <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Television" title="Bloomberg Television">Bloomberg Television</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-seitensprung_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-seitensprung-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schmidt riprese la sua formazione ad Amburgo dopo la guerra, conseguendo una laurea in economia e scienze politiche nel 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-lemo_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lemo-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Servizio_militare">Servizio militare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Servizio militare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Servizio militare"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel 1937 fu arruolato e cominciò il servizio militare in una batteria antiaerea a <a href="/wiki/Vegesack" title="Vegesack">Vegesack</a>, vicino a <a href="/wiki/Brema" title="Brema">Brema</a>, nella <a href="/wiki/Seconda_guerra_mondiale" title="Seconda guerra mondiale">seconda guerra mondiale</a>. Dopo un breve servizio sul fronte orientale durante l'<a href="/wiki/Operazione_Barbarossa" title="Operazione Barbarossa">invasione dell'Unione Sovietica</a> nel 1941, tra cui l'<a href="/wiki/Assedio_di_Leningrado" title="Assedio di Leningrado">assedio di Leningrado</a>, tornò in Germania nel <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> per lavorare come formatore e consulente presso il <a href="/wiki/Reichsluftfahrtministerium" title="Reichsluftfahrtministerium">Ministero dell'Aviazione</a>. Per il servizio nella seconda guerra mondiale, Schmidt ricevette la croce di ferro di 2ª Classe. Frequentò il <a href="/wiki/Tribunale_del_Popolo" title="Tribunale del Popolo">Tribunale del Popolo</a> come spettatore militare ad alcuni dei processi farsa per gli ufficiali coinvolti nella <a href="/wiki/Attentato_a_Hitler_del_20_luglio_1944" title="Attentato a Hitler del 20 luglio 1944">trama del 20 luglio</a>, in cui venne eseguito un tentativo fallito di assassinare Hitler a Rastenburg, ed era disgustato dal comportamento di <a href="/wiki/Roland_Freisler" title="Roland Freisler">Roland Freisler</a>. Verso la fine della guerra, dal dicembre 1944 in poi, lavorò come <i>Oberleutnant</i> nell'<a href="/wiki/Arma_contraerea" title="Arma contraerea">arma contraerea</a> sul <a href="/wiki/Fronte_occidentale_(1939-1945)" title="Fronte occidentale (1939-1945)">fronte occidentale</a> durante l'<a href="/wiki/Offensiva_delle_Ardenne" title="Offensiva delle Ardenne">Offensiva delle Ardenne</a>. Venne catturato dagli inglesi nell'aprile 1945 sulla <a href="/wiki/Landa_di_Luneburgo" title="Landa di Luneburgo">Landa di Luneburgo</a>, e fu <a href="/wiki/Prigioniero_di_guerra" title="Prigioniero di guerra">prigioniero di guerra</a> fino all'agosto dello stesso anno, in <a href="/wiki/Belgio" title="Belgio">Belgio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il_cancellierato">Il cancellierato</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Il cancellierato" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Il cancellierato"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Carter_und_Schmidt.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Carter_und_Schmidt.JPG/220px-Carter_und_Schmidt.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Carter_und_Schmidt.JPG/330px-Carter_und_Schmidt.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Carter_und_Schmidt.JPG/440px-Carter_und_Schmidt.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2953" data-file-height="2003" /></a><figcaption>Helmut Schmidt e <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> durante una visita del cancelliere alla <a href="/wiki/Casa_Bianca" title="Casa Bianca">Casa Bianca</a> il 13 luglio 1977</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z1212-049,_D%C3%B6llnsee,_Erich_Honecker_und_Helmut_Schmidt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z1212-049%2C_D%C3%B6llnsee%2C_Erich_Honecker_und_Helmut_Schmidt.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z1212-049%2C_D%C3%B6llnsee%2C_Erich_Honecker_und_Helmut_Schmidt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z1212-049%2C_D%C3%B6llnsee%2C_Erich_Honecker_und_Helmut_Schmidt.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z1212-049%2C_D%C3%B6llnsee%2C_Erich_Honecker_und_Helmut_Schmidt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z1212-049%2C_D%C3%B6llnsee%2C_Erich_Honecker_und_Helmut_Schmidt.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-Z1212-049%2C_D%C3%B6llnsee%2C_Erich_Honecker_und_Helmut_Schmidt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption>Helmut Schmidt accanto al Segretario generale del Comitato Centrale del <a href="/wiki/Partito_Socialista_Unificato_di_Germania" title="Partito Socialista Unificato di Germania">Partito Socialista Unificato di Germania</a> (SED) <a href="/wiki/Erich_Honecker" title="Erich Honecker">Erich Honecker</a> in un incontro dell'11 dicembre 1981</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helmut_Schmidt_at_Andrews_AFB_1981.JPEG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Helmut_Schmidt_at_Andrews_AFB_1981.JPEG/220px-Helmut_Schmidt_at_Andrews_AFB_1981.JPEG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Helmut_Schmidt_at_Andrews_AFB_1981.JPEG/330px-Helmut_Schmidt_at_Andrews_AFB_1981.JPEG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Helmut_Schmidt_at_Andrews_AFB_1981.JPEG/440px-Helmut_Schmidt_at_Andrews_AFB_1981.JPEG 2x" data-file-width="2840" data-file-height="1880" /></a><figcaption>Helmut Schmidt e la moglie Loki al loro arrivo in <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> il 20 maggio 1981</figcaption></figure> <p>Schmidt successe nel 1974 a <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a>, in seguito allo scandalo che aveva coinvolto il segretario di Brandt, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Guillaume" title="Günter Guillaume">Günter Guillaume</a>, smascherato come <a href="/wiki/Spia" class="mw-redirect" title="Spia">spia</a> della <a href="/wiki/Germania_Est" class="mw-redirect" title="Germania Est">Germania Est</a>. Nel <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a> vinse le <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_del_1976" title="Elezioni federali in Germania del 1976">elezioni federali</a> formando un <a href="/wiki/Governo_Schmidt_II" title="Governo Schmidt II">secondo governo</a> in alleanza col <a href="/wiki/Partito_Liberale_Democratico_(Germania)" title="Partito Liberale Democratico (Germania)">Partito liberal-democratico</a>. Come cancelliere federale contribuì al percorso della costruzione dell'<a href="/wiki/Unione_europea" title="Unione europea">Unione europea</a>, in particolare istituzionalizzando il <a href="/wiki/Consiglio_europeo" title="Consiglio europeo">Consiglio europeo</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a> e lanciando il <a href="/wiki/Fondo_Europeo_di_Sviluppo_Regionale" class="mw-redirect" title="Fondo Europeo di Sviluppo Regionale">Fondo Europeo di Sviluppo Regionale</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1978" title="1978">1978</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Sistema_Monetario_Europeo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema Monetario Europeo">Sistema Monetario Europeo</a> (antesignano dell'<a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euro</a>) nel 1979 e favorendo la <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_europee_del_1979" title="Elezioni europee del 1979">prima elezione diretta</a> del <a href="/wiki/Parlamento_europeo" title="Parlamento europeo">Parlamento europeo</a> nello stesso 1979. </p><p>Favorì inoltre la nascita del G5 nel 1975, poi divenuto <a href="/wiki/G8" title="G8">G8</a>, e la "doppia decisione" con cui la <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> contrappose l'installazione dei <a href="/wiki/MGM-31_Pershing" title="MGM-31 Pershing">Pershing-2</a> e dei <a href="/wiki/Missile_da_crociera" title="Missile da crociera">Cruise</a>, dispiegati sul suolo tedesco e per le pressioni di Schmidt anche su quello <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">italiano</a>, al mancato smantellamento dei <a href="/wiki/RSD-10" title="RSD-10">missili SS-20</a> che l'<a href="/wiki/URSS" class="mw-redirect" title="URSS">URSS</a> aveva collocato nel teatro europeo. Dapprima allacciando strette relazioni con <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>, prese progressivamente le distanze dai successori di quest'ultimo, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>. </p><p>Queste azioni di <a href="/wiki/Politica_estera" title="Politica estera">politica estera</a> furono realizzate grazie al buon rapporto, politico e personale, con il presidente francese <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a>: si iniziò a parlare da allora di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asse_franco-tedesco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asse franco-tedesco (la pagina non esiste)">asse franco-tedesco</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, cioè di una linea comune di intesa che poi ebbe nuovi fasti col buon rapporto tra <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> ed <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a>. Alla <a href="/wiki/Crisi_energetica_(1973)" title="Crisi energetica (1973)">crisi energetica</a> degli anni settanta rispose con politiche economiche <a href="/wiki/Disinflazione" title="Disinflazione">disinflazionistiche</a>, ma rifiutando di operare tagli della spesa sociale (non esitando a ricorrere all'<a href="/wiki/Debito_pubblico" title="Debito pubblico">indebitamento pubblico</a>), che ebbero riverberi sull'impetuoso sviluppo del paese, frenato dopo venti anni di incessante ascesa. </p><p>Riconfermato cancelliere nel <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_del_1980" title="Elezioni federali in Germania del 1980">1980</a>, sempre in alleanza con i liberali, cercò di favorire il dialogo tra le due Germanie, rilanciando i rapporti della Repubblica federale con i vicini orientali (<i><a href="/wiki/Ostpolitik" title="Ostpolitik">Ostpolitik</a></i>), sulla scia di Brandt, linea che ebbe risonanza negativa presso la NATO (ricevette per questo accuse di infedeltà dall'Alleanza). Il suo governo cadde nell'ottobre 1982, con l'utilizzo dell'istituto della <a href="/wiki/Sfiducia_costruttiva" title="Sfiducia costruttiva">sfiducia costruttiva</a>, per il venir meno dell'appoggio del Partito liberale a seguito di varie divergenze in materia di spesa sociale, indebitamento pubblico, rapporti <a href="/wiki/Est" title="Est">Est</a>-<a href="/wiki/Ovest" title="Ovest">Ovest</a>, sostituito da una coalizione <a href="/wiki/CDU_(Germania)" class="mw-redirect" title="CDU (Germania)">democristiano</a>-liberale guidata da <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a>. </p><p>Politico pragmatico, terminato il ruolo di membro del <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a>, si ritirò dalla politica attiva nel 1986. in tarda età si è pronunciato in termini critici sulla posizione di dominio che sembra occupare la Germania in Europa, mettendo in guardia sulle conseguenze funeste che una leadership tedesca costruita a spese dei paesi periferici, a suo dire, potrebbe avere in futuro sul progetto europeo.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Posizioni_politiche">Posizioni politiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Posizioni politiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Posizioni politiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politica_interna">Politica interna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Politica interna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Politica interna"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nel 2005, Schmidt ha descritto la disoccupazione di massa come il più grande problema tedesco. Ha elogiato l'"Agenda 2010" di <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> e l'ha vista come un primo passo per affrontare le conseguenze del cambiamento demografico.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tuttavia, riteneva che il programma di riforma fosse insufficiente e sostenne nel 1997<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> una <a href="/wiki/Deregolamentazione" class="mw-redirect" title="Deregolamentazione">deregolamentazione</a> del mercato del lavoro tedesco, compresa una limitazione della protezione dal licenziamento. I criteri di ragionevolezza per i disoccupati dovrebbero essere ulteriormente rafforzati e il sussidio di disoccupazione dovrebbe essere congelato in termini nominali per un certo numero di anni (o diminuire in termini reali). Il contratto collettivo forfettario era considerato da Schmidt come obsoleto e chiedeva la sua completa abolizione; l'influenza dei <a href="/wiki/Sindacati" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindacati">sindacati</a>, che a suo avviso erano troppo potenti, dovrebbe essere ridotta. Solo dopo che queste riforme sarebbero state attuate, secondo Schmidt, potrebbe essere introdotto un <a href="/wiki/Salario_minimo" title="Salario minimo">salario minimo</a> (ma relativamente basso).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Per finanziare le pensioni, è essenziale un'estensione generale dell'<a href="/wiki/Orario_di_lavoro" title="Orario di lavoro">orario di lavoro</a> (orario di lavoro e settimanale). </p><p>Inoltre, Schmidt era un sostenitore dell'<a href="/wiki/Energia_nucleare" title="Energia nucleare">energia nucleare</a> e degli oppositori del phase-out nucleare, che fu deciso sotto il governo federale rosso-verde. Considerava il rifiuto dell'energia nucleare tra la popolazione di essere un prodotto della paura tedesca del cambiamento derivante dalla Seconda guerra mondiale e dall'Olocausto.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un altro punto di conflitto con l'SPD è stata la sua approvazione delle tasse universitarie generali con l'appropriata disposizione del <a href="/wiki/BAf%C3%B6G" title="BAföG">BAföG</a> e del sistema di borse di studio. </p><p>Schmidt era già negli anni '60 un sostenitore dell'introduzione del <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post" title="First-past-the-post">voto a maggioranza</a> in Germania, poiché questa riforma faceva parte dell'agenda interna dell'allora grande coalizione. Più tardi, lo considerava ancora proporzionato alla rappresentazione proporzionale, ma considerava impossibile il successo di un nuovo tentativo di riforma elettorale. Schimdt ha respinto una frequente espansione richiesta di referendum, perché erano troppo dipendenti dall'umore della gente. Ha anche criticato la natura del finanziamento dei partiti in Germania. A lungo termine ha auspicato l'abolizione completa dei finanziamenti statali e delle donazioni economiche. Le quote associative private non dovrebbero essere deducibili dalle tasse. </p><p>Il <a href="/wiki/Federalismo" title="Federalismo">federalismo</a> tedesco, che ha descritto come un "piccolo Stato", Schmidt ha attestato numerose debolezze storicamente cresciute, sebbene abbia ammesso il <a href="/wiki/Principio_di_sussidiariet%C3%A0" title="Principio di sussidiarietà">principio di sussidiarietà</a>. A causa dell'"egoismo dei partiti" e dell'interferenza della politica statale e federale, Schmidt considerava la "campagna elettorale permanente nel ciclo trimestrale" paralizzante, in quanto influenzava o ritardava la legislazione dello stato populista ("allo scopo di aumentare la popolarità"). Pertanto, ha chiesto la fusione di tutte le elezioni federali e statali in un unico appuntamento ogni due anni, seguendo l'esempio degli Stati Uniti d'America. La capitale tedesca di <a href="/wiki/Berlino" title="Berlino">Berlino</a> doveva essere rafforzata finanziariamente secondo la volontà di Schmidt, per la quale era subordinata alla Confederazione e mantenuta da lui la capitale (distretto federale) come <a href="/wiki/Washington" title="Washington">Washington</a> considerato il modello più praticabile. </p><p>Helmut Schmidt si è lamentato per tutta la sua vita di un'eccessiva "rabbia normativa" tedesca e notava nell'esecutivo dello Stato un pronunciato "paragraphenglaubigkeit". La classe politica in Germania è stata colpita da una "epidemia psichica", di cui tra l'altro, il deposito di lattine introdotto nel 2003 e l'imposizione fino al 2008 del divieto di fumo fu testimoniato. Pertanto, molte leggi dovrebbero essere abolite e semplificate. La <a href="/wiki/Legge_fondamentale_della_Repubblica_Federale_di_Germania" title="Legge fondamentale della Repubblica Federale di Germania">Legge fondamentale</a> dovrebbe essere modificata con maggiore cautela e non così spesso e la <a href="/wiki/Corte_costituzionale_federale_tedesca" class="mw-redirect" title="Corte costituzionale federale tedesca">Corte costituzionale federale</a> dovrebbe ritenere i suoi giudizi "restrittivi". Schmidt ha messo in guardia contro un cambio di potere tra Parlamento e burocrazia. Il miglior esempio di un'autorità che opera senza ragione e controllo parlamentare è stato per lui il KMK, la Conferenza dei ministri dell'istruzione, che ha causato il caos tedesco della scrittura. </p><p>Nel 2011, Schmidt è entrato nel dibattito sul ruolo della <a href="/wiki/Banca_centrale_europea" title="Banca centrale europea">BCE</a> nell'attuale <a href="/wiki/Crisi_del_debito_sovrano_europeo" title="Crisi del debito sovrano europeo">crisi dell'euro</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politica_interna_2">Politica interna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Politica interna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Politica interna"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Helmut Schmidt definiva la società multiculturale "un'illusione di intellettuali".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il concetto di multiculturalismo è difficile da riconciliare con una società democratica, secondo Schmidt. Fu quindi un errore che nella Repubblica federale all'inizio degli anni '60 lavoratori da cultura straniera emigrarono.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sulla questione della <a href="/wiki/Maggiore_et%C3%A0" title="Maggiore età">maggiore età</a>, Helmut Schmidt è stato sempre contrario alla riduzione dal 21º al 18º anno di vita nel 1975. Quindi, fu in opposizione all'opinione del partito SPD.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politica_estera">Politica estera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Politica estera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Politica estera"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In politica estera, Schmidt attribuiva una grande importanza al principio di non ingerenza negli affari degli <a href="/wiki/Stati" class="mw-redirect" title="Stati">Stati</a> <a href="/wiki/Sovranit%C3%A0" title="Sovranità">sovrani</a>. Criticò nei commenti su i cosiddetti interventi umanitari, come ad esempio nei Balcani: "Purtroppo stiamo vivendo in termini di diritto internazionale, al momento solo battute d'arresto, non solo gli americani, ma anche da parte tedesca. Ciò che abbiamo fatto in <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> e in <a href="/wiki/Bosnia-Erzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia-Erzegovina">Bosnia-Erzegovina</a> ha chiaramente violato l'allora diritto internazionale vigente."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schmidt era un oppositore della prevista adesione della <a href="/wiki/Turchia" title="Turchia">Turchia</a> all'<a href="/wiki/Unione_europea" title="Unione europea">Unione europea</a>. Temeva che l'adesione avrebbe messo a repentaglio la libertà politica estera di azione dell'Unione europea, e anche che l'adesione e il movimento associato sarebbe stato inutile con urgenza a suo parere l'integrazione offerta di vivere in Germania ai <a href="/wiki/Turchi_in_Germania" title="Turchi in Germania">cittadini turchi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ha definito il <a href="/wiki/G7" title="G7">vertice del G8</a> nella sua versione attuale come il "circo mediatico" e ha chiesto l'aggiunta di <a href="/wiki/Cina" title="Cina">Cina</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, e dei <a href="/wiki/Organizzazione_dei_paesi_esportatori_di_petrolio" class="mw-redirect" title="Organizzazione dei paesi esportatori di petrolio">maggiori esportatori di petrolio</a> e dei <a href="/wiki/Paesi_in_via_di_sviluppo" class="mw-redirect" title="Paesi in via di sviluppo">paesi in via di sviluppo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politica_climatica">Politica climatica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Politica climatica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Politica climatica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="float:right;margin-top:-6px; margin-left: 6px"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schmidt_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Schmidt_01.jpg/220px-Schmidt_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Schmidt_01.jpg/330px-Schmidt_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Schmidt_01.jpg/440px-Schmidt_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="560" /></a><figcaption>Helmut Schmidt nel 2001</figcaption></figure></div> <p>Schmidt ha definito il dibattito sul <a href="/wiki/Riscaldamento_globale" title="Riscaldamento globale">riscaldamento globale</a> nel giugno 2007 "istericamente surriscaldato". C'è sempre stato un cambiamento climatico; le cause sono "nel frattempo non sufficientemente esplorate". Nel 2011, Schmidt ha dichiarato da una parte: "L'operato a livello internazionale di molti governi cosiddetti di politica climatica è ancora nella sua infanzia. I documenti forniti finora da un gruppo internazionale di scienziati"- (<a href="/wiki/Gruppo_intergovernativo_sul_cambiamento_climatico" title="Gruppo intergovernativo sul cambiamento climatico">Gruppo intergovernativo sul cambiamento climatico</a>) - "sono accolti con scetticismo. In ogni caso, gli obiettivi pubblicamente menzionati da alcuni governi sono "molto meno scientifici e solo politicamente motivati, ma piuttosto, ha chiesto una nuova direzione nella politica energetica, dal momento che le riserve fossili sono state limitate e anche il cambiamento climatico, in quanto è in materia di energia, dovrebbero essere neutralizzate.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ha descritto l'esplosione demografica globale e la relativa gestione delle questioni relative a cibo, energia e protezione ambientale come la più grande sfida internazionale del futuro. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amicizie">Amicizie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Amicizie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Amicizie"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MSC_2014_Schmidt_GiscardDEstaing_Kissinger_Bahr2_Zwez_MSC2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MSC_2014_Schmidt_GiscardDEstaing_Kissinger_Bahr2_Zwez_MSC2014.jpg/310px-MSC_2014_Schmidt_GiscardDEstaing_Kissinger_Bahr2_Zwez_MSC2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MSC_2014_Schmidt_GiscardDEstaing_Kissinger_Bahr2_Zwez_MSC2014.jpg/465px-MSC_2014_Schmidt_GiscardDEstaing_Kissinger_Bahr2_Zwez_MSC2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/MSC_2014_Schmidt_GiscardDEstaing_Kissinger_Bahr2_Zwez_MSC2014.jpg/620px-MSC_2014_Schmidt_GiscardDEstaing_Kissinger_Bahr2_Zwez_MSC2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="1700" /></a><figcaption>Schmidt con <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> e <a href="/wiki/Egon_Bahr" title="Egon Bahr">Egon Bahr</a> nel 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>Schmidt ha descritto l'assassinato presidente egiziano <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat#L'assassinio" class="mw-redirect" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> come uno dei suoi amici del mondo della politica, e ha mantenuto una amicizia con l'ex presidente della Francia <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a>. La sua cerchia comprendeva anche l'ex segretario di Stato americano <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a>, che dichiarò pubblicamente come desiderasse la morte prematura di Helmut Schmidt, perché non avrebbe desiderato vivere in un mondo senza di lui.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>È stato anche buon amico con l'ex primo ministro canadese <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a>. Al vertice del 4° G7, i due hanno discusso le strategie per le future elezioni federali, e Schmidt gli ha dato consigli in materia di politica economica.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nel 2011, Schmidt ha fatto un pellegrinaggio alla tomba della famiglia Trudeau al cimitero di St-Rémi-de-Napierville, accompagnato da <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tom_Axworthy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tom Axworthy (la pagina non esiste)">Tom Axworthy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_morte_e_il_funerale_di_Stato">La morte e il funerale di Stato</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione La morte e il funerale di Stato" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: La morte e il funerale di Stato"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WDK_6198_15.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WDK_6198_15.JPG/250px-WDK_6198_15.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WDK_6198_15.JPG/330px-WDK_6198_15.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WDK_6198_15.JPG/500px-WDK_6198_15.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4338" data-file-height="2895" /></a><figcaption>Processione ad Amburgo per i <a href="/wiki/Funerali_di_stato" class="mw-redirect" title="Funerali di stato">funerali di stato</a> di Schmidt, 23 novembre 2015</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grab_Loki_und_Helmut_Schmidt_2016-05-25.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Grab_Loki_und_Helmut_Schmidt_2016-05-25.jpg/250px-Grab_Loki_und_Helmut_Schmidt_2016-05-25.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Grab_Loki_und_Helmut_Schmidt_2016-05-25.jpg/330px-Grab_Loki_und_Helmut_Schmidt_2016-05-25.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Grab_Loki_und_Helmut_Schmidt_2016-05-25.jpg/500px-Grab_Loki_und_Helmut_Schmidt_2016-05-25.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a><figcaption>right Tomba di <a href="/wiki/Loki_Schmidt" title="Loki Schmidt">Loki</a> e Helmut Schmidt nel <a href="/wiki/Cimitero_di_Ohlsdorf" title="Cimitero di Ohlsdorf">Cimitero di Ohlsdorf</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Helmut Schmidt morì il 10 novembre <a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a>, a 96 anni, nella sua abitazione di Amburgo.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poche settimane prima, il 2 settembre, era stato operato per risolvere un <a href="/wiki/Arteriopatia_obliterante_periferica" title="Arteriopatia obliterante periferica">coagulo di sangue nella gamba</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IL <a href="/wiki/Funerale_di_stato" class="mw-redirect" title="Funerale di stato">funerale di stato</a> si tenne il 23 novembre presso la <a href="/wiki/Chiesa_di_San_Michele_(Amburgo)" title="Chiesa di San Michele (Amburgo)">Chiesa protestante luterana di San Michele</a> ad <a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a>. Vi preseo parte i principali leader politici tedeschi e alcuni esponenti stranieri che condivisero le responsabilità di governo negli stessi anni di Schmidt, tra i quali l'ex presidente francese <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> e ex Segretario di Stato statunitense <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a>, il quale nell'orazione funebre lo definìl'ex cancelliere "una sorta di coscienza del mondo", ricordandone "la visione e il coraggio", sulla base dei principi della "ragione, del diritto, della pace e della fede". </p><p>La bara, avvolta nela bandiera tedesca, venne quindi scortata dal <a href="/wiki/Wachbataillon_beim_Bundesministerium_der_Verteidigung" title="Wachbataillon beim Bundesministerium der Verteidigung">Wachbataillon</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Heer_(Bundeswehr)" title="Heer (Bundeswehr)">Esercito tedesco</a> sino al <a href="/wiki/Cimitero_di_Ohlsdorf" title="Cimitero di Ohlsdorf">cimitero di Ohlsdorf</a> per una cerimonia privata di sepoltura.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I resti di Helmut Schmidt riposano nella tomba di famiglia,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> accanto a quelli dei genitori e della moglie <a href="/wiki/Loki_Schmidt" title="Loki Schmidt">Loki</a>, morta nel 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vita_privata">Vita privata</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Vita privata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Vita privata"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Helmut_Schmidt_Bundeskanzler_-_Moscow_11_dec_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Helmut_Schmidt_Bundeskanzler_-_Moscow_11_dec_2013.jpg/250px-Helmut_Schmidt_Bundeskanzler_-_Moscow_11_dec_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Helmut_Schmidt_Bundeskanzler_-_Moscow_11_dec_2013.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="434" /></a><figcaption>Schmidt nel dicembre 2013</figcaption></figure> <p>Schmidt era un ammiratore del filosofo <a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Karl Popper</a>, e ha contribuito ad una prefazione nel 1982 di <a href="/wiki/Festschrift" title="Festschrift">Festschrift</a> in onore di Popper.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Schmidt è stato un pianista talentuoso, ha registrato concerti per pianoforte di Mozart e Bach, sia con il pianista e direttore d'orchestra tedesco <a href="/wiki/Christoph_Eschenbach" title="Christoph Eschenbach">Christoph Eschenbach</a>. Schmidt ha registrato il <a href="/wiki/Concerto_per_tre_pianoforti_e_orchestra_(Mozart)" title="Concerto per tre pianoforti e orchestra (Mozart)">concerto per tre pianoforti e orchestra</a>, K. 242, con la <a href="/wiki/London_Philharmonic_Orchestra" title="London Philharmonic Orchestra">London Philharmonic Orchestra</a> diretta da Eschenbach nel 1982 con i pianisti Eschenbach e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Justus_Frantz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justus Frantz (la pagina non esiste)">Justus Frantz</a> per EMI Records (CDC 7 47473 2). In quella registrazione, secondo le note di copertina del CD, Schmidt eseguì la parte scritta per Giuseppina, la figlia minore della contessa Antonia Lodron. Nel <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a> Schmidt si è unito a Eschenbach, Frantz, Gerhard Oppitz e alla <a href="/wiki/Philharmoniker_Hamburg" title="Philharmoniker Hamburg">Hamburg Philharmonic Orchestra</a> nella registrazione della <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Grammophon" title="Deutsche Grammophon">Deutsche Grammophon</a> dei <a href="/wiki/Concerti_per_clavicembalo_di_Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Concerti per clavicembalo di Johann Sebastian Bach">Concerti per clavicembalo di Johann Sebastian Bach</a> BWV 1065.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In tutta la sua vita adulta, Schmidt è stato grande fumatore. Egli era ben noto durante le interviste televisive e i talk show. Il 13 ottobre <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a>, Schmidt è stato dotato di un <a href="/wiki/Pacemaker" title="Pacemaker">pacemaker cardiaco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fino agli ultimi giorni della sua vita, fu direttore editoriale del prestigioso settimanale <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Zeit" title="Die Zeit">Die Zeit</a></i>, su cui intervenne di frequente con analisi ed editoriali in seguito al suo ritiro dall'attività politica. </p><p>Nel gennaio <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a>, la polizia tedesca ha lanciato un'indagine dopo una iniziativa anti-fumo dove Schmidt era stato pagato sfidando il divieto di recente introduzione di fumare. L'iniziativa ha sostenuto che l'ex cancelliere aveva palesemente ignorato le leggi anti-fumo. Nonostante le immagini della stampa, il caso è stato successivamente abbandonato dopo che l'ufficio del pubblico ministero stabilì che le azioni di Schmidt non erano una minaccia per la salute pubblica.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il 6 aprile <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a>, con una durata di 33.342 giorni, ha superato <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> in termini di longevità, e al momento della sua morte era il più vecchio ex cancelliere nella storia della Germania.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All'inizio del mese di agosto <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a>, Schmidt ha rilasciato un'intervista alla televisione tedesca e ha rivelato che a 93 anni di età, si era innamorato di nuovo. La sua nuova compagna era Ruth Loah, di 79 anni.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onorificenze">Onorificenze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Onorificenze"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Onorificenze_tedesche">Onorificenze tedesche</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze tedesche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Onorificenze tedesche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DE-NW_Der_Verdienstorden_des_Landes_Nordrhein-Westfalen_BAR.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Cavaliere dell'Ordine al Merito della Renania Settentrionale-Vestfalia - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Cavaliere dell'Ordine al Merito della Renania Settentrionale-Vestfalia - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/DE-NW_Der_Verdienstorden_des_Landes_Nordrhein-Westfalen_BAR.png/60px-DE-NW_Der_Verdienstorden_des_Landes_Nordrhein-Westfalen_BAR.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/DE-NW_Der_Verdienstorden_des_Landes_Nordrhein-Westfalen_BAR.png/90px-DE-NW_Der_Verdienstorden_des_Landes_Nordrhein-Westfalen_BAR.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/DE-NW_Der_Verdienstorden_des_Landes_Nordrhein-Westfalen_BAR.png/120px-DE-NW_Der_Verdienstorden_des_Landes_Nordrhein-Westfalen_BAR.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_al_merito_della_Renania_Settentrionale-Vestfalia" title="Ordine al merito della Renania Settentrionale-Vestfalia">Cavaliere dell'Ordine al Merito della Renania Settentrionale-Vestfalia</a></div> <div>— 2000</div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Onorificenze_straniere">Onorificenze straniere</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze straniere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Onorificenze straniere"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_DOS_Distinguished_Service_Award.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Premio Quattro Libertà (Stati Uniti d'America) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Premio Quattro Libertà (Stati Uniti d'America) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/USA_-_DOS_Distinguished_Service_Award.png/60px-USA_-_DOS_Distinguished_Service_Award.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/USA_-_DOS_Distinguished_Service_Award.png/90px-USA_-_DOS_Distinguished_Service_Award.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/USA_-_DOS_Distinguished_Service_Award.png/120px-USA_-_DOS_Distinguished_Service_Award.png 2x" data-file-width="442" data-file-height="125" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premio_Quattro_Libert%C3%A0_(Stati_Uniti_d%27America)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Premio Quattro Libertà (Stati Uniti d'America) (la pagina non esiste)">Premio Quattro Libertà (Stati Uniti d'America)</a></div> <div>— 1988<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opere_tradotte_in_italiano">Opere tradotte in italiano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Opere tradotte in italiano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Opere tradotte in italiano"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Uomini al Potere. <small>Incontro con Breznez · L'Ostpolitik · La Conferenza di Helsinki · L'invasione dell'Afghanistan · Gli errori di Reykjavik · La strategia dell'equilibrio · Gli ostaggi di Mogadiscio, Entebbe e Teheran · Potere e Tv in America · Le crisi petrolifere · La legge marziale in Polonia · L'opzione zero · I Grandi a Venezia · La Cina di Mao e di Deng · Il boom giapponese </small> (titolo or. Menschen und Mächte)</span>, Milano, Sugarco Edizioni, 1988.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Globalizzazione. Sfide politiche, economiche e culturali</span>, a cura di N. Di Meola, Collana I grandi piccoli, Lavoro, 1999, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-7910-867-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-7910-867-6">978-88-7910-867-6</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Le Grandi potenze di domani</span>, traduzione di M. Giacci, Collana Le terre n.192, Roma, Fazi, 2009, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-8112-997-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-8112-997-3">978-88-8112-997-3</a>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">L'essenza del bene comune</span>, traduzione di M. Giacci, Collana Le terre n.200, Roma, Fazi, 2009, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-6411-066-0" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-88-6411-066-0">978-88-6411-066-0</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">A causa della divisione della Germania, Helmut Schmidt era il cancelliere federale della sola <a href="/wiki/Germania_Ovest" title="Germania Ovest">Germania Ovest</a>. Il termine Germania Ovest è il nome comune per la <b>Repubblica Federale di Germania</b> nel periodo compreso tra la sua formazione il 23 maggio 1949 e la <a href="/wiki/Riunificazione_tedesca" title="Riunificazione tedesca">riunificazione tedesca</a> il 3 ottobre 1990, quando la <a href="/wiki/Germania_Est" class="mw-redirect" title="Germania Est">Germania Est</a> venne unita alla sua controparte occidentale.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/mondo/2015/11/10/e-morto-helmut-schmidt_c3130d7d-d9ea-44c4-8a64-95857f74536e.html/"><span style="font-style:italic;">È morto Helmut Schmidt.</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ansa.it</span>, Ansa, 10 novembre 2015. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.repubblica.it/esteri/2015/11/10/news/germania_morto_ex_cancelliere_helmut_schmidt-127043451/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Germania: morto l'ex cancelliere Helmut Schmidt, primo grande riformatore della sinistra tedesca.</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">repubblica.it</span>, La Repubblica, 10 novembre 2015. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wargs.com/royal/laborde.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Ancestry of Henri de Laborde de Monpezat</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">wargs.com</span>, Wargs. <small>URL consultato il 10 settembre 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lemo-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-lemo_5-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-lemo_5-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hdg.de/lemo/biografie/helmut-schmidt.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt geb. 1918</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Lebendiges Museum Online</span>, Stiftung Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117031348/http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/spiegelspecial/d-28731611.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sachbücher: Kleiner, großer Mann mit Mütze</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></span>. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/spiegelspecial/d-28731611.html">url originale</abbr> il 17 novembre 2015)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Steven Lehrer, <span style="font-style:italic;">Wannsee house and the Holocaust</span>, McFarland, 2000, p. 74, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-7864-0792-7" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-7864-0792-7">978-0-7864-0792-7</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.latimes.com/1988-02-25/news/mn-45342_1_jewish-origins"><span style="font-style:italic;">Told French President of Jewish Origins – Helmut Schmidt's Revelation Reported</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Los Angeles Times</span>, 25 febbraio 1988. <small>URL consultato il 25 settembre 2009</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) Franz Walter, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/helmut-schmidt-der-deutsche-krisen-kanzler-a-456933.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt: Der deutsche Krisen-Kanzler</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Der Spiegel</span>, 31 dicembre 2006. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) Stephan Janzyk, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=46bwcjzoZ-UC&pg=PA87"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sozialisation in der Hitlerjugend</span></a>, p. 87. <small>URL consultato il 12 dicembre 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/obituary/21678156-social-democrat-chancellor-west-germany-died-november-10th-helmut-schmidt-has-died">Helmut Schmidt has died, aged 96</a>", <i>The Economist</i>, 10 novembre 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) Sabine Pamperrien, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.at/books/about/Helmut_Schmidt_und_der_Scheisskrieg.html?id=VunjoAEACAAJ&redir_esc=y"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt und der Scheisskrieg: die Biografie 1918 bis 1945</span></a>. <small>URL consultato il 5 gennaio 2017</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thelocal.de/20141202/was-helmut-schmidt-an-impeccable-nazi"><span style="font-style:italic;">Was Helmut Schmidt an 'impeccable Nazi'?</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The Local</span>, 2 dicembre 2014. <small>URL consultato il 6 gennaio 2017</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-seitensprung-14"><a href="#cite_ref-seitensprung_14-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.welt.de/vermischtes/article138051616/Ich-hatte-eine-Beziehung-zu-einer-anderen-Frau.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Ich hatte eine Beziehung zu einer anderen Frau</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Die Welt</span>, 4 marzo 2015. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) Tilman Gerwien e Gerda-Marie Schönfeld, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stern.de/politik/deutschland/helmut-schmidts-tochter-susanne-kein-platz-fuer-befindlichkeiten-3739476.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidts Tochter Susanne: Kein Platz für Befindlichkeiten</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Stern</span>, 23 dicembre 2008. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Die Deutsch-Französischen Beziehungen während der Kanzlerschaft von Helmut Schmidt (1974-1982)</i>, in <i>Historische Zeitschrift</i> 288, no. 3 (giugno 2009): 843-844.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2012-06-04/basta-tatticismi-partito-berlino-224534.shtml?uuid=Ab9GoRnF"><span style="font-style:italic;">Basta tatticismi di partito, Berlino sia solidale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ilsole24ore.com</span>, ilsole24ore.it, 5 giugno 2012. <small>URL consultato il 21 maggio 2014</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) Björn Hengst: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/spd-helmut-schmidt-preist-schroeders-agenda-a-513931.html"><i>Helmut Schmidt preist Schröders Agenda</i>.</a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Spiegel_Online" title="Spiegel Online">Spiegel Online</a> – Politik</i>, 27. ottobre 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zeit.de/1997/15/athesen.txt.19970404.xml"><i>Die Thesen: Helmut Schmidt: Wer Arbeitslosigkeit wirksam bekämpfen will, muß deregulieren</i>.</a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Zeit" title="Die Zeit">Die Zeit</a></i>, Nr. 15/1997.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Helmut Schmidt: <i>Außer Dienst.</i> 2008, S. 213–269.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abendblatt.de/politik/deutschland/article107431281/Helmut-Schmidt-SPD-wird-Atomausstieg-kippen.html"><i>Helmut Schmidt: SPD wird Atomausstieg kippen.</i></a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_Abendblatt" title="Hamburger Abendblatt">Hamburger Abendblatt</a></i>, 24. Juli 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presseportal.de/pm/9377/548451/die_zeit/"><i>Helmut Schmidt: Multikulturelle Gesellschaft „Illusion von Intellektuellen“</i>.</a> NA-Presseportal, 20. aprile 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) Holger Dohmen: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abendblatt.de/politik/deutschland/article106931344/Schmidt-Multikulti-ist-kaum-moeglich.html"><i>Schmidt: Multikulti ist kaum möglich.</i></a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_Abendblatt" title="Hamburger Abendblatt">Hamburger Abendblatt</a></i>, 24 novembre 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jetzt.sueddeutsche.de/texte/anzeigen/406524/Volljaehrig-mit-18-Helmut-Schmidt-haelt-nichts-davon"><i>Volljährig mit 18? Helmut Schmidt hält nichts davon.</i></a> In: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jetzt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jetzt (la pagina non esiste)">Jetzt</a></i>, 11 novembre 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Bahners&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Bahners (la pagina non esiste)">Patrick Bahners</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Schirrmacher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Schirrmacher (la pagina non esiste)">Frank Schirrmacher</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/ein-gespraech-mit-helmut-schmidt-so-sicher-waren-die-verhaeltnisse-gar-nicht-1740407.html?printPagedArticle=true#pageIndex_2"><i>So sicher waren die Verhältnisse gar nicht.</i></a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Allgemeine_Zeitung" title="Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung">Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung</a></i>, 23 dicembre 2008 (Intervista).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abendblatt.de/politik/europa/article106777597/Helmut-Schmidt-Tuerkei-passt-nicht-in-die-EU.html"><i>Helmut Schmidt: Türkei passt nicht in die EU.</i></a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Hamburger_Abendblatt" title="Hamburger Abendblatt">Hamburger Abendblatt</a></i>, 13 dicembre 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a href="/wiki/Kai_Diekmann" title="Kai Diekmann">Kai Diekmann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans-J%C3%B6rg_Vehlewald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans-Jörg Vehlewald (la pagina non esiste)">Hans-Jörg Vehlewald</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bild.de/news/2007/ex-bundeskanzler-interview-1936410.bild.html">„Der G8-Gipfel ist nur noch ein Spektakel“</a> In: <i><a href="/wiki/Bild" title="Bild">Bild</a></i>, 3 giugno 2007 (Interview).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707163010/http://www.mpg.de/prin/990353"><span style="font-style:italic;">Verantwortung der Forschung im 21. Jahrhundert</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">mpg.de</span>, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 11 gennaio 2011. <small>URL consultato il 27 settembre 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.mpg.de/print/990353">url originale</abbr> il 7 luglio 2011)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><i>Helmut Schmidt – der deutsche Kanzler</i>, documentary, <a href="/wiki/ZDF" title="ZDF">ZDF</a> 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Martin, Lawrence <i>Chrétien: The Will to Win</i>, Toronto: Lester Publishing, 1995 page 262.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">"Chrétien and former German leader visit Trudeau's tomb". The Canadian Press 1 June 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34778565"><span style="font-style:italic;">German ex-Chancellor Helmut Schmidt dies at 96</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">bbc.com</span>, BBC, 10 novembre 2015. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/helmut-schmidt-ist-tot-a-1062105.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Altkanzler: Helmut Schmidt ist tot</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Der Spiegel</span>, 10 novembre 2015. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/politik/altkanzler-helmut-schmidt-soll-es-sehr-schlecht-gehen-1.2728355"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt soll es sehr schlecht gehen</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Süddeutsche Zeitung</span>, 9 novembre 2015. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/helmut-schmidt-hamburg-verabschiedet-sich-mit-staatsakt-a-1064093.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Merkel über den Altkanzler: "Lieber Helmut Schmidt, Sie werden uns fehlen"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Der Spiegel</span>, 23 novembre 2015. <small>URL consultato il 23 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/hamburg/Helmut-Schmidt-ist-bestattet,schmidt1232.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt ist bestattet</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">NDR</span>, 24 novembre 2015. <small>URL consultato il 24 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.welt.de/vermischtes/specials/loki-schmidt/article10709802/Loki-Schmidt-auf-Parkfriedhof-Ohlsdorf-beigesetzt.html"><i>Loki Schmidt auf Parkfriedhof Ohlsdorf beigesetzt</i></a> <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Welt" title="Die Welt">Die Welt</a></i>; 3 novembre 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Helmut Schmidt, "The Way of Freedom", in <i>In Pursuit of Truth: Essays on the Philosophy of Karl Popper, On the Occasion of his 80th Birthday</i>, ed. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Levinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Levinson (la pagina non esiste)">Paul Levinson</a>, Humanities Press, 1982, pp. xi–xii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Alexander Dick, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.badische-zeitung.de/panorama/der-klavier-kanzler--8963225.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Der Klavier-Kanzler</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Badische_Zeitung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Badische Zeitung (la pagina non esiste)">Badische Zeitung</a></span>, 10 dicembre 2008.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/spiegel/print/d-14338700.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Dann rumpelt es in der Brust ...</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Der Spiegel</span>, n. 43/1981, 19 ottobre 1981. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/leute/0,1518,530882,00.html">"Strafanzeige: Altkanzler Schmidt raucht trotz Verbots – Staatsanwalt ermittelt"</a> (han) 25 gennaio 2008; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/gesellschaft/nichtraucher-debatte-altkanzler-schmidt-liess-die-zigaretten-stecken-a-531306.html">"Nichtraucher-Debatte: Altkanzler Schmidt ließ die Zigaretten stecken"</a> (flo/dpa) 27 gennaio 2008; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/ich-bin-doch-nicht-verrueckt-helmut-schmidt-bleibt-raucher-a-535051.html">"'Ich bin doch nicht verrückt': Helmut Schmidt bleibt Raucher"</a> (pad/AP), 13 febbraio 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw.com/en/germanys-oldest-former-chancellor-helmut-schmidt-turns-90/a-3889487"><span style="font-style:italic;">Germany′s Oldest Former Chancellor Helmut Schmidt Turns 90</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">DW.COM</span>, 22 dicembre 2008. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thelocal.de/national/20120804-44159.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Ex-Chancellor Schmidt, 93, in love again</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">thelocal.de</span>. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) FOCUS Online, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focus.de/politik/deutschland/altkanzler-bekennt-sich-mit-93-zu-ruth-loah-helmut-schmidts-neue-sieht-loki-zum-verwechseln-aehnlich_aid_792532.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Altkanzler bekennt sich mit 93 zu Ruth Loah: Helmut Schmidts Neue sieht Loki zum Verwechseln ähnlich</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">FOCUS Online</span>, 4 agosto 2012. <small>URL consultato il 10 novembre 2015</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220606022433/https://www.fourfreedoms.nl/en/awards/laureaten-1/year:1988/award:international-four-freedoms-award/laureates:helmut-schmidt.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Four Freedoms Award</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">fourfreedoms.nl</span>. <small>URL consultato il 13 giugno 2022</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://www.fourfreedoms.nl/en/awards/laureaten-1/year:1988/award:international-four-freedoms-award/laureates:helmut-schmidt.htm">url originale</abbr> il 6 giugno 2022)</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autunno_tedesco" title="Autunno tedesco">Autunno tedesco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancellieri_federali_della_Germania" title="Cancellieri federali della Germania">Cancellieri federali della Germania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_del_1976" title="Elezioni federali in Germania del 1976">Elezioni federali in Germania del 1976</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elezioni_federali_in_Germania_del_1980" title="Elezioni federali in Germania del 1980">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governo_Brandt_I" title="Governo Brandt I">Governo Brandt I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governo_Brandt_II" title="Governo Brandt II">II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governo_Schmidt_I" title="Governo Schmidt I">Governo Schmidt I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governo_Schmidt_II" title="Governo Schmidt II">II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governo_Schmidt_III" title="Governo Schmidt III">III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lega_tedesca_degli_studenti_socialisti" title="Lega tedesca degli studenti socialisti">Lega tedesca degli studenti socialisti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostpolitik" title="Ostpolitik">Ostpolitik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partito_Socialdemocratico_di_Germania" title="Partito Socialdemocratico di Germania">Partito Socialdemocratico di Germania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidenti_del_Consiglio_europeo" title="Presidenti del Consiglio europeo">Presidenti del Consiglio europeo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" class="extiw" title="q:Helmut Schmidt">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Helmut Schmidt"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Helmut_Schmidt?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" class="extiw" title="q:Helmut Schmidt">Helmut Schmidt</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Helmut_Schmidt?uselang=it">Helmut Schmidt</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helmut_Schmidt&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/helmut-schmidt"><span style="font-style:italic;">Schmidt, Helmut</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDizionario_di_storia" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/helmut-schmidt_(Dizionario-di-Storia)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Schmidt, Helmut</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Dizionario di storia</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 2010.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P6404" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSapere.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Schmidt,+Helmut.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Schmidt, Helmut</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">sapere.it</span>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P6706" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Helmut-Schmidt"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL48972A"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere di Helmut Schmidt</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Open_Library" title="Internet Archive">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P648" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere riguardanti Helmut Schmidt</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:schmidt_helmut"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt_(1918_dec._23-)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt_(1918-2015)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt_(1918-)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt_(1918_december_23-)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/schmidt_helmut_1918-2015"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/schmidt_helmut_--_1918_dec._23-"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/schmidt_helmut_--_1918-"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt_(1918)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt_(1918_dec.23-)"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/subjects/person:helmut_schmidt_1918_dec._23-"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt (altra versione)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P3847" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/Name?nm0772979"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></span>, IMDb.com.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P345" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr>, <abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.filmportal.de/en/be91fd5a761c43b791da75025e7581ab"><span style="font-style:italic;">Helmut Schmidt</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">filmportal.de</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2516#P2639" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr>, <abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611174111/https://ub.hsu-hh.de/DB=1.1/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bibliografia completa nell'Università Helmut Schmidt</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">helmut-schmidt-bibliografie.de</span>. <small>URL consultato il 29 ottobre 2015</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://helmut-schmidt-bibliografie.de/">url originale</abbr> l'11 giugno 2020)</small>.</cite></li> <li>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr>, <abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117021414/http://www.bundeskanzlerin.de/nn_700276/Content/DE/Artikel/BKKanzleramtGeschichte/kanzleramt-geschichte-helmut-schmidt.html">Biografia</a> nella Bundeskanzleramt</li> <li>(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dradio.de/dlf/sendungen/zeitzeugen/1493886/">Helmut Schmidt, „Die Zeit“-Editore e l'ex Cancelliere</a> in <i>Zeitzeugen im Gespräch</i>, <a href="/wiki/Deutschlandfunk" title="Deutschlandfunk">Deutschlandfunk</a> <i>accesso al 30 giugno 2011</i></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140713233145/http://www.ard.de/home/wissen/ARD_de_Spezial_zum_95__Geburtstag_von_Helmut_Schmidt/620258/index.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">ARD-Speciale per il 95º Compleanno di Helmut Schmidt</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ard.de</span>. <small>URL consultato il 29 ottobre 2015</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.ard.de/home/wissen/ARD_de_Spezial_zum_95__Geburtstag_von_Helmut_Schmidt/620258/index.html">url originale</abbr> il 13 luglio 2014)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #C0C0C0; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Cancelliere_federale_della_Germania" title="Cancelliere federale della Germania">Cancelliere federale della Germania Ovest</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/21px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/32px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg/43px-Bundesadler_Bundesorgane.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="224" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> </td> <td>16 maggio 1974 – 1º ottobre 1982 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #efefef; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Presidente_del_Consiglio_europeo" title="Presidente del Consiglio europeo">Presidente del Consiglio europeo</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg/23px-Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg/35px-Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg/47px-Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anker_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Anker Jørgensen">Anker Jørgensen</a> </td> <td>1º luglio – 31 dicembre 1978 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #C0C0C0; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Ministri_delle_finanze_della_Germania" title="Ministri delle finanze della Germania">Ministro federale delle finanze</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BMF_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BMF_Logo.svg/30px-BMF_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BMF_Logo.svg/45px-BMF_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/BMF_Logo.svg/60px-BMF_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="104" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Schiller" title="Karl Schiller">Karl Schiller</a> </td> <td>7 luglio 1972 – 16 maggio 1974 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hans_Apel" title="Hans Apel">Hans Apel</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #C0C0C0; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Ministri_dell%27economia_della_Germania" title="Ministri dell'economia della Germania">Ministro federale dell'economia</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesministerium_f%C3%BCr_Wirtschaft_und_Energie_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bundesministerium_f%C3%BCr_Wirtschaft_und_Energie_Logo.svg/40px-Bundesministerium_f%C3%BCr_Wirtschaft_und_Energie_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bundesministerium_f%C3%BCr_Wirtschaft_und_Energie_Logo.svg/60px-Bundesministerium_f%C3%BCr_Wirtschaft_und_Energie_Logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="104" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karl_Schiller" title="Karl Schiller">Karl Schiller</a> </td> <td>7 luglio 1972 – 15 dicembre 1972 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hans_Friderichs" title="Hans Friderichs">Hans Friderichs</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #C0C0C0; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/Ministri_della_difesa_della_Germania" title="Ministri della difesa della Germania">Ministro federale della difesa</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BMVG_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BMVG_Logo.svg/30px-BMVG_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BMVG_Logo.svg/45px-BMVG_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/BMVG_Logo.svg/60px-BMVG_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="104" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der_(CDU)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerhard Schröder (CDU) (la pagina non esiste)">Gerhard Schröder</a> </td> <td>22 ottobre 1969 – 7 luglio 1972 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georg_Leber" title="Georg Leber">Georg Leber</a> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #C0C0C0; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%">Senatore dell'interno di <a href="/wiki/Amburgo" title="Amburgo">Amburgo</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg/20px-DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg/40px-DEU_Hamburg_COA.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="315" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td>Wilhelm Kröger </td> <td>13 dicembre 1961 – 14 dicembre 1965 </td> <td>Heinz Ruhau </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #ccccff; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%">Presidente del gruppo <a href="/wiki/SPD" class="mw-redirect" title="SPD">SPD</a> nel <a href="/wiki/Bundestag" title="Bundestag">Bundestag</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th> <th><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands,_Logo_1969-1982.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_1969-1982.png/40px-Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_1969-1982.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_1969-1982.png/60px-Sozialdemokratische_Partei_Deutschlands%2C_Logo_1969-1982.png 1.5x" data-file-width="236" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Erler" title="Fritz Erler">Fritz Erler</a> </td> <td>14 marzo 1967 – 22 ottobre 1969 </td> <td> </td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #efefef; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%">Presidente federale della <a href="/wiki/Lega_tedesca_degli_studenti_socialisti" title="Lega tedesca degli studenti socialisti">Lega tedesca degli studenti socialisti</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinz-Joachim_Heydorn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinz-Joachim Heydorn (la pagina non esiste)">Heinz-Joachim Heydorn</a> e<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Hooge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Hooge (la pagina non esiste)">Alfred Hooge</a> </td> <td>1947 – 1948<br />con <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Wittrock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Wittrock (la pagina non esiste)">Karl Wittrock</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_van_Nes_Ziegler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John van Nes Ziegler (la pagina non esiste)">John van Nes Ziegler</a> e<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rolf_Recknagel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rolf Recknagel (la pagina non esiste)">Rolf Recknagel</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="noprint nomobile" style="width:100%; clear:both; border:1px solid #aaa; text-align:center; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="background: #F0DC82; color: black"> <th width="26%">Predecessore </th> <th width="47%"><a href="/wiki/G7#Presidenti_di_turno_del_forum_G7" title="G7">Presidente del G7</a> </th> <th width="26%">Successore </th></tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> </td> <td>16 – 17 luglio 1978 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_%C5%8Chira" title="Masayoshi Ōhira">Masayoshi Ōhira</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list{font-size:90%;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_list a{white-space:nowrap}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output .navbox_odd{background:#fdfdfd;color:var(--color-base,black)}html:not(.vector-feature-night-mode-enabled) .mw-parser-output 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.navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Cancelliere_Germania"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cancelliere_Germania" title="Template:Cancelliere Germania"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Cancelliere_Germania" title="Discussioni template:Cancelliere Germania"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Cancelliere_Germania&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cancelliere_federale_della_Germania" title="Cancelliere federale della Germania">Cancellieri della Germania (dal 1867)</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Confederazione_Tedesca_del_Nord" title="Confederazione Tedesca del Nord">Confederazione Tedesca del Nord </a><br /><small>(1867–1871)</small><br />Cancelliere federale</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a> (1867-1871)</td><td rowspan="5" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Chancellor_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bandiera del Cancelliere federale tedesco"><img alt="Bandiera del Cancelliere federale tedesco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Chancellor_of_Germany.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Chancellor_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Chancellor_of_Germany.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Chancellor_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1867%E2%80%931918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Impero_Tedesco" class="mw-redirect" title="Impero Tedesco">Impero Tedesco</a><br /><small>(1871–1918)</small><br />Cancelliere del Reich</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Otto von Bismarck</a> (1871-1890)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Leo_von_Caprivi" title="Leo von Caprivi">Leo von Caprivi</a> (1890-1894)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Chlodwig_zu_Hohenlohe-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst" title="Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst">Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst</a> (1894-1900)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_von_B%C3%BClow" title="Bernhard von Bülow">Bernhard von Bülow</a> (1900-1909)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Theobald_von_Bethmann-Hollweg" title="Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg">Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg</a> (1909-1917)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Georg_Michaelis" title="Georg Michaelis">Georg Michaelis</a> (1917)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_Hertling" title="Georg von Hertling">Georg von Hertling</a> (1917-1918)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Massimiliano_di_Baden" title="Massimiliano di Baden">Maximilian di Baden</a> (1918)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(3-2).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Repubblica_di_Weimar" title="Repubblica di Weimar">Repubblica di Weimar</a><br /><small>(1919–1933)</small><br />Cancelliere del Reich</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Friedrich Ebert</a> (1918)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Philipp_Scheidemann" title="Philipp Scheidemann">Philipp Scheidemann</a> (1919)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Bauer" title="Gustav Bauer">Gustav Bauer</a> (1919-1920)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Hermann Müller">Hermann Müller</a> (1920)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Constantin_Fehrenbach" title="Constantin Fehrenbach">Constantin Fehrenbach</a> (1920-1921)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wirth" title="Joseph Wirth">Joseph Wirth</a> (1921-1922)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Cuno" title="Wilhelm Cuno">Wilhelm Cuno</a> (1922-1923)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a> (1923)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marx" title="Wilhelm Marx">Wilhelm Marx</a> (1923-1925)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Luther" title="Hans Luther">Hans Luther</a> (1925-1926)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marx" title="Wilhelm Marx">Wilhelm Marx</a> (1926-1928)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Hermann Müller">Hermann Müller</a> (1928-1930)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Br%C3%BCning" title="Heinrich Brüning">Heinrich Brüning</a> (1930-1932)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Papen" title="Franz von Papen">Franz von Papen</a> (1932)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kurt_von_Schleicher" title="Kurt von Schleicher">Kurt von Schleicher</a> (1932-1933)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany_(1935%E2%80%931945).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Terzo_Reich" class="mw-redirect" title="Terzo Reich">Terzo Reich</a><br /><small>(1933–1945)</small><br />Cancelliere del Reich</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> (1933-1945)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a> (1945)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lutz_Graf_Schwerin_von_Krosigk" title="Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk">Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk</a> (1945)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Repubblica_Federale_di_Germania" class="mw-redirect" title="Repubblica Federale di Germania">Repubblica Federale di Germania</a><br /><small>(1949–)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Cancelliere_federale_della_Germania" title="Cancelliere federale della Germania">Cancelliere federale</a></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> (1949-1963)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Erhard" title="Ludwig Erhard">Ludwig Erhard</a> (1963-1966)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Georg_Kiesinger" title="Kurt Georg Kiesinger">Kurt Georg Kiesinger</a> (1966-1969)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> (1969-1974)<b> ·</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Helmut Schmidt</a> (1974-1982)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> (1982-1998)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> (1998-2005)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2005-2021)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a> (2021–)</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314" /><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Presidenti_del_Consiglio_europeo"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidenti_del_Consiglio_europeo" title="Template:Presidenti del Consiglio europeo"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Presidenti_del_Consiglio_europeo" title="Discussioni template:Presidenti del Consiglio europeo"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Presidenti_del_Consiglio_europeo&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Unione europea (bandiera)"><img alt="Unione europea (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/20px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/30px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/40px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Presidente_del_Consiglio_europeo" title="Presidente del Consiglio europeo">Presidenti del Consiglio europeo</a> e del <a href="/wiki/Presidenza_del_Consiglio_dell%27Unione_europea" title="Presidenza del Consiglio dell'Unione europea">Consiglio dell'Unione europea</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Presidenti di turno del<br />Consiglio europeo<br /><small>(1974-2009)</small></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> (1974)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irlanda (bandiera)"><img alt="Irlanda (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Liam_Cosgrave" title="Liam Cosgrave">Liam Cosgrave</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia (bandiera)"><img alt="Italia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Aldo Moro</a> (1975)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lussemburgo (bandiera)"><img alt="Lussemburgo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Thorn" title="Gaston Thorn">Gaston Thorn</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)"><img alt="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Joop den Uyl</a> (1976)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Regno Unito (bandiera)"><img alt="Regno Unito (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Leo_Tindemans" title="Leo Tindemans">Leo Tindemans</a> (1977)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danimarca (bandiera)"><img alt="Danimarca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Anker_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Anker Jørgensen">Anker Jørgensen</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Helmut Schmidt</a> (1978)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irlanda (bandiera)"><img alt="Irlanda (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Lynch" title="Jack Lynch">Jack Lynch</a> e <a href="/wiki/Charles_Haughey" title="Charles Haughey">Charles Haughey</a> (1979)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia (bandiera)"><img alt="Italia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cossiga" title="Francesco Cossiga">Francesco Cossiga</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lussemburgo (bandiera)"><img alt="Lussemburgo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Werner" title="Pierre Werner">Pierre Werner</a> (1980)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)"><img alt="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Dries_van_Agt" title="Dries van Agt">Dries van Agt</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Regno Unito (bandiera)"><img alt="Regno Unito (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> (1981)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wilfried_Martens" title="Wilfried Martens">Wilfried Martens</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danimarca (bandiera)"><img alt="Danimarca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Anker_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Anker Jørgensen">Anker Jørgensen</a> e <a href="/wiki/Poul_Schl%C3%BCter" title="Poul Schlüter">Poul Schlüter</a> (1982)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grecia (bandiera)"><img alt="Grecia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Papandreou" title="Andreas Papandreou">Andreas Papandreou</a> (1983)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irlanda (bandiera)"><img alt="Irlanda (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Garret_FitzGerald" title="Garret FitzGerald">Garret FitzGerald</a> (1984)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia (bandiera)"><img alt="Italia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bettino_Craxi" title="Bettino Craxi">Bettino Craxi</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lussemburgo (bandiera)"><img alt="Lussemburgo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Santer" title="Jacques Santer">Jacques Santer</a> (1985)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)"><img alt="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ruud_Lubbers" title="Ruud Lubbers">Ruud Lubbers</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Regno Unito (bandiera)"><img alt="Regno Unito (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> (1986)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wilfried_Martens" title="Wilfried Martens">Wilfried Martens</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danimarca (bandiera)"><img alt="Danimarca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Poul_Schl%C3%BCter" title="Poul Schlüter">Poul Schlüter</a> (1987)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grecia (bandiera)"><img alt="Grecia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Papandreou" title="Andreas Papandreou">Andreas Papandreou</a> (1988)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spagna (bandiera)"><img alt="Spagna (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> (1989)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irlanda (bandiera)"><img alt="Irlanda (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Haughey" title="Charles Haughey">Charles Haughey</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia (bandiera)"><img alt="Italia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Andreotti" title="Giulio Andreotti">Giulio Andreotti</a> (1990)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lussemburgo (bandiera)"><img alt="Lussemburgo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Santer" title="Jacques Santer">Jacques Santer</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)"><img alt="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ruud_Lubbers" title="Ruud Lubbers">Ruud Lubbers</a> (1991)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portogallo (bandiera)"><img alt="Portogallo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva">Aníbal Cavaco Silva</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Regno Unito (bandiera)"><img alt="Regno Unito (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a> (1992)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danimarca (bandiera)"><img alt="Danimarca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Poul_Schl%C3%BCter" title="Poul Schlüter">Poul Schlüter</a> e <a href="/wiki/Poul_Nyrup_Rasmussen" title="Poul Nyrup Rasmussen">Poul Nyrup Rasmussen</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Dehaene" title="Jean-Luc Dehaene">Jean-Luc Dehaene</a> (1993)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grecia (bandiera)"><img alt="Grecia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Papandreou" title="Andreas Papandreou">Andreas Papandreou</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> (1994)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> e <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spagna (bandiera)"><img alt="Spagna (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a> (1995)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia (bandiera)"><img alt="Italia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lamberto_Dini" title="Lamberto Dini">Lamberto Dini</a> e <a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Romano Prodi</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irlanda (bandiera)"><img alt="Irlanda (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/John_Bruton" title="John Bruton">John Bruton</a> (1996)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)"><img alt="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><a href="/wiki/Wim_Kok" title="Wim Kok">Wim Kok</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lussemburgo (bandiera)"><img alt="Lussemburgo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Jean-Claude Juncker</a> (1997)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Regno Unito (bandiera)"><img alt="Regno Unito (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austria (bandiera)"><img alt="Austria (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Klima" title="Viktor Klima">Viktor Klima</a> (1998)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Finlandia (bandiera)"><img alt="Finlandia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Paavo_Lipponen" title="Paavo Lipponen">Paavo Lipponen</a> (1999)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portogallo (bandiera)"><img alt="Portogallo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a> e <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Jospin" title="Lionel Jospin">Lionel Jospin</a> (2000)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Svezia (bandiera)"><img alt="Svezia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ran_Persson" title="Göran Persson">Göran Persson</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Guy Verhofstadt</a> (2001)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spagna (bandiera)"><img alt="Spagna (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Aznar" title="José María Aznar">José María Aznar</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danimarca (bandiera)"><img alt="Danimarca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Anders_Fogh_Rasmussen" title="Anders Fogh Rasmussen">Anders Fogh Rasmussen</a> (2002)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grecia (bandiera)"><img alt="Grecia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dstas_S%C4%ABmit%C4%ABs" title="Kōstas Sīmitīs">Kōstas Sīmitīs</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia (bandiera)"><img alt="Italia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a> (2003)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irlanda (bandiera)"><img alt="Irlanda (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bertie_Ahern" title="Bertie Ahern">Bertie Ahern</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)"><img alt="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jan_Peter_Balkenende" title="Jan Peter Balkenende">Jan Peter Balkenende</a> (2004)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lussemburgo (bandiera)"><img alt="Lussemburgo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Jean-Claude Juncker</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Regno Unito (bandiera)"><img alt="Regno Unito (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a> (2005)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austria (bandiera)"><img alt="Austria (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%BCssel" title="Wolfgang Schüssel">Wolfgang Schüssel</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Finlandia (bandiera)"><img alt="Finlandia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Matti_Vanhanen" title="Matti Vanhanen">Matti Vanhanen</a> (2006)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portogallo (bandiera)"><img alt="Portogallo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_S%C3%B3crates" title="José Sócrates">José Sócrates</a> (2007)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Slovenia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Slovenia (bandiera)"><img alt="Slovenia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Janez_Jan%C5%A1a" title="Janez Janša">Janez Janša</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a> (2008)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rep. Ceca (bandiera)"><img alt="Rep. Ceca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mirek_Topol%C3%A1nek" title="Mirek Topolánek">Mirek Topolánek</a> e <a href="/wiki/Jan_Fischer" title="Jan Fischer">Jan Fischer</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Svezia (bandiera)"><img alt="Svezia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Reinfeldt" title="Fredrik Reinfeldt">Fredrik Reinfeldt</a> (2009)</td><td rowspan="3" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Consiglio europeo"><img alt="Consiglio europeo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg/50px-Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg/75px-Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg/100px-Council_of_the_EU_and_European_Council.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="240" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Presidenti permanenti del<br />Consiglio europeo<br /><small>(dal 2009)</small></th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Herman_Van_Rompuy" title="Herman Van Rompuy">Herman Van Rompuy</a> (2009)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Polonia (bandiera)"><img alt="Polonia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a> (2014)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Michel" title="Charles Michel">Charles Michel</a> (2019)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portogallo (bandiera)"><img alt="Portogallo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa_(politico_1961)" title="António Costa (politico 1961)">António Costa</a> (2024)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Presidenti del<br />Consiglio dell'Unione europea</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spagna (bandiera)"><img alt="Spagna (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Zapatero" title="José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero">José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yves_Leterme" title="Yves Leterme">Yves Leterme</a> (2010)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hungary.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ungheria (bandiera)"><img alt="Ungheria (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/20px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Polonia (bandiera)"><img alt="Polonia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a> (2011)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Denmark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danimarca (bandiera)"><img alt="Danimarca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/30px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Helle_Thorning-Schmidt" title="Helle Thorning-Schmidt">Helle Thorning-Schmidt</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Cyprus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cipro (bandiera)"><img alt="Cipro (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/D%C4%ABm%C4%ABtr%C4%ABs_Christofias" title="Dīmītrīs Christofias">Dīmītrīs Christofias</a> (2012)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irlanda (bandiera)"><img alt="Irlanda (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Enda_Kenny" title="Enda Kenny">Enda Kenny</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Lithuania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lituania (bandiera)"><img alt="Lituania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Dalia_Grybauskait%C4%97" title="Dalia Grybauskaitė">Dalia Grybauskaitė</a> (2013)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grecia (bandiera)"><img alt="Grecia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C5%8Dn%C4%ABs_Samaras" title="Antōnīs Samaras">Antōnīs Samaras</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia (bandiera)"><img alt="Italia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a> (2014)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lettonia (bandiera)"><img alt="Lettonia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Laimdota_Straujuma" title="Laimdota Straujuma">Laimdota Straujuma</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lussemburgo (bandiera)"><img alt="Lussemburgo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Xavier_Bettel" title="Xavier Bettel">Xavier Bettel</a> (2015)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)"><img alt="Paesi Bassi (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rutte" title="Mark Rutte">Mark Rutte</a> /<span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Slovakia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Slovacchia (bandiera)"><img alt="Slovacchia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fico" title="Robert Fico">Robert Fico</a> (2016)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Malta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Malta (bandiera)"><img alt="Malta (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/20px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/30px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/40px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Muscat" title="Joseph Muscat">Joseph Muscat</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Estonia (bandiera)"><img alt="Estonia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCri_Ratas" title="Jüri Ratas">Jüri Ratas</a> (2017)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bulgaria (bandiera)"><img alt="Bulgaria (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bojko_Borisov" title="Bojko Borisov">Bojko Borisov</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Austria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austria (bandiera)"><img alt="Austria (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Kurz" title="Sebastian Kurz">Sebastian Kurz</a> (2018)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Romania (bandiera)"><img alt="Romania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Iohannis" title="Klaus Iohannis">Klaus Iohannis</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Finlandia (bandiera)"><img alt="Finlandia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Antti_Rinne" title="Antti Rinne">Antti Rinne</a> e <a href="/wiki/Sanna_Marin" title="Sanna Marin">Sanna Marin</a> (2019)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Croazia (bandiera)"><img alt="Croazia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Andrej_Plenkovi%C4%87" title="Andrej Plenković">Andrej Plenković</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Germania (bandiera)"><img alt="Germania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2020)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portogallo (bandiera)"><img alt="Portogallo (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" class="mw-redirect" title="António Costa">António Costa</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Slovenia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Slovenia (bandiera)"><img alt="Slovenia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Janez_Jan%C5%A1a" title="Janez Janša">Janez Janša</a> (2021)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia (bandiera)"><img alt="Francia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rep. Ceca (bandiera)"><img alt="Rep. Ceca (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Petr_Fiala" title="Petr Fiala">Petr Fiala</a> (2022)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Svezia (bandiera)"><img alt="Svezia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Kristersson" title="Ulf Kristersson">Ulf Kristersson</a> / <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spagna (bandiera)"><img alt="Spagna (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Pedro Sánchez</a> (2023)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belgium_(civil).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Belgio (bandiera)"><img alt="Belgio (bandiera)" 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/></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> (2024)<b> ·</b> <span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Polonia (bandiera)"><img alt="Polonia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a> (2025)</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA 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href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isni.org/isni/0000000108700958">0000 0001 0870 0958</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Servizio_bibliotecario_nazionale" title="Servizio bibliotecario nazionale">SBN</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/risultati-autori/-/opac-autori/detail/CFIV084163">CFIV084163</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_apostolica_vaticana" title="Biblioteca apostolica vaticana">BAV</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_200861">495/200861</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library 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class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX1127518">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11924022j">cb11924022j</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11924022j">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007310424305171">987007310424305171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00474593">00474593</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 3 - 8px * 2/3 );"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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