CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91364c013b0f33d1',cH: 'cbTTQflGDq2F4RY2yfkGG5MzlPJHnE3Az7pFPJSQNNI-1739800755-1.2.1.1-X2DzHdbJSq5qWgBOE4bHk8UpHcfDi0nnJgd5yOcbKRqNfRkQp5DmN8qYyjtvmHkz',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=volumetric%20assessment&__cf_chl_tk=fwwInOVKbUJW0jJbbzNVfY1gyO2ne9Dir5Bfzw0xSkE-1739800755-1.0.1.1-qMoRt1SyEG_0.sHxVwsS53FWkRJ7fDbRVd8hJiYMuPc",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739800755',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=volumetric%20assessment&__cf_chl_f_tk=fwwInOVKbUJW0jJbbzNVfY1gyO2ne9Dir5Bfzw0xSkE-1739800755-1.0.1.1-qMoRt1SyEG_0.sHxVwsS53FWkRJ7fDbRVd8hJiYMuPc",md: "3Tqt41M6011W4TNJHCL8oksFHXOEiphH8oVwbXRttyQ-1739800755-1.2.1.1-_MfKHMfrEcNHzIHa3ml3DLimbWVegCRHvIq6OifL7mRVapjH_SJUTE1Nc1anupevirtBkxFjQx9qRW9ekPlhAk84ianfh58E9I0S5j5s0R7iFMxium0UwGcXYNLmN14jq1XNhAuqnVIKoUrUWfAh2g7okvpvgDxvNwYjppIbs5x7svEmFAfLWJYpG14EIU.tUEvk3DEzrf_aVI6vajfHUQSpuWIu0M7ca6SAIhkVDK784XHjMgE3tw9iWL7UaV3vi5eRfvSfh8QEoNatF_sGJw_CnAv4tq4_2F6UVNKXW6vhF5DmXObJ6mA3NGhNmgVYgSwqhaS4BwE40miXe0EvHuRcvFwKF2v15mtNgMhqZ6OoigI8r90qcuWFpwQlF_sSzmthTKT4N_P1xAHjenFO.fS59uUZdXQo6lQoKnqXujRHxzmgd4XgkAQ0innmApB.AYzyrEysC2Yv.5gg1cb8Z0m1aEukNmC4UPPOGTbIzFMOlZE0Vsg1fi5BLaIS7eLb2HTuRR2WAy2img12x.9LZc88D_DcXgWgik0p.sVhkDVKi.szrzoiz70OYLQCe_oGZ4ijbXw93.5OmBvHReztzDUV0VbIFALVs.XCQzuTXlScHx1COvJ9JHv1FcCIDctmZpn98j0OqamHSfgJXG.QN77KyHNA_KkNqVDyDp_zUypJs4iahzE555wX3XslEFcs4kLvwJm8kHXFi8FXhtRPVIuYSV58zyCcKLmZcEzur8V3JPY0gKy_.4BRMgVtvXvAjAOysITXabBseW0uWJM1X39I_VvRmudDRknWHs6VsqCQzjNznrbsLnSKgNPROOjJ.UwxfC3kwhteJnobCXoVW9vOJeZhxvBGMWxrzOcURKbSN9RctuOLGb81qD3Pw8JASuuocONntddJOpc1nAp3FRkwg3VytzJPRj5FeNjOTrNx024JZe5ymQYc9hNjEDBPh0ftSkG0Oo9XOKgemWABSwholoh_lyYDea.6OYeLQzlHqQmf9K0ObboHkE3UDU2aDSh7XQtQfj6M3NM5mDMwzZujQSWIolEqcv3Dm8bzeaxVlKfhwTbYJg0mNNC9nEMSDMPnGFvtts4uErd835rsoFLoMEA3OYbNOhu1aJ0V4cpZSF4C.ql.z8WiI_fss_MO2Wc3PzPg69JWF_vn4P78ttFFNWALN2JT8nDohfobU776H6o2fr4L.X6br_SdrDbcK5LtDsBqoJmF8L7BBkB0Qe2jNF.MlDuuTrvJltWdzrzBSgo_9CPN_nw0NruXZGrCL7yp0CxYtgbvkMez2IY32doduiqayJb9ZTC17FLPcDhBprCmb6mkw9UlQpDjYVPWD9JpPAnVLNzgx..4MAiVaGUhZXlE0egAAbFk.N03wND9QMhwJFV_fNA8Qtir7vxwsmJln_mrhuADq6gRJVlNtkuKjCG2QM4aeHs1pI_5aAPaWI9FdmbeXJ1x.Xg5eu8XF8Pwm48a5q1xTbv2X5.PprXlIbsVYCWB3EvkFJwiSGbIWqot2V4xLy8N1N1Gj6cMbccg8OtHOSpFzi9miMYbGkBjhC5TEi0ASmYlv4OP1FejhDM2nEQR7ZQFtGQtF5gGCUExM_MMWvcL.v155Oi23o4Hrp3nn26GOmoI_ScbqcgBIH1zKmpGhixO6bVDJE9YyFxetFb89RDQr0E8P8ByIaIM6m12Fdq6kPPDf0.uw3TapERu2_h37QpVrs4VlAfHNlsAT2Q.7s2TZAxGINTejD.gVnJdS456lxPJgTMa8Z8JurapTGkK3co3_3LRp1Rzz2YmMiVNul8OrmtWEUC6Ag1wOUciRSMcQp0EMwSFXy0vk0qtak3NgDDB8ns4MrHyAFuQDKyxSiASCi1wuh5UnngBPpNViGCl9bF9PJfqtkFqUKZ9ekCidZMW1R5_afR4RKF55iWEbAhNDv3VHfBETlqa2NUnkSAH90Tp02UNMNpvEnp0AEYfL_02lZhzx4Ux",mdrd: "iJ9eurada.IstcodN17LcCQYera34neb7NzjDgL4GtA-1739800755-1.2.1.1-xksr8bI9XOuz.7O_228igqETQ5G26dVlG8KjDB5TyPYnYkkEEeMxWPAoa3gdtKSMIzZhFmPW7lIbzoBvb7.aSm2cpnbKueetbPXY_5ZgsDgeimOOuEX340wT8l5YPgKsN7ui5UY2kSFZ9rsC.uHj5iZP_rF8SPomShvEKZrzmh.VDBr2aIzla83V65kqgHeYEhPX7oZo6lZEg0c7aokHnz9rlVoMvcuMv25pObbg7oVql.7n2oiI5iD2e8Rut9PjNNdoHeV_GLoRm1XwkDICv9yPLcEDPCyHLIypUvv5o5NLvagNfDjwnjjib.VV7waWtBoWE5SNCQrSRI351_GQ_5DahB62chhaTFCURbhb1Ur0yMF_yNtIKrlZJolSbqT449cbIl8Dsnz6DVB.4IEz4ZdpZFGT4VRUw6czlw3VRdaOxVQbIYnVJ1bwN0JmdR6dR05oRHO4cdYxpFStuT9hSIa4LP5zsOCbGZA7Z1SxEsy3pGP_BX5rojAzpKiOSwnsYrEsHzzP6z4jUmlN96NCsz0DmFDqq.cTCEM5YiBdhePzaxcfHVgdtAa.sgDFlsiFlLsIcc7dyRVLZ7fMlGle6K2_eyNUveyLrRsAib8ABZ91FRUAZRvYfYfSupJFJoFpEwhKky3eH8QHJ4BX5H2v28lovBDQb9v0RuCwplH_WwLtNfb.Ad8V20uGl.UAWVT1ThiF.0enfX9TUD0nVfMe9UFQOZYuQjLfwl7sbSWI8f5JgcBmgnmyOcN.lLbpPmp8h4yqgiMhtNLlG6Tg751oBG94dM331_I1K_9tmsS_85B8Y8OsZ8JakiHJtORJcoE0cxx6PTaOZYRW.who_lp3odHvcgFszWtfypujU1D2kcpbP6ePcmIfyCwJZLlb_YKjaOK1qNLSQpi3UhotoZxFBJvINreATGVii_0IrpwGrRAmOiKlIg0WXwhq9GFJMMjJpEnCxjni.SRdVtBlasgCoG8LrAFkTC.nnKOvh7KLQkN7Aou1IM5yjWmESHPzCCzbSrzlN0j1_Lf3OrhAQgCJ2fZmlSJih6CTH9CPzUhNyIjqurUsJgZxdcg7Rs7Fbgmgv.SxJGknPWBaPV.Yrrw4giiPEJLnFkyfRzkWqntvETmszXKdA_LjcHl0gUzlvKiiBFBqpZGFb2ysDAEH6M3VlmX6IYkwDcqWrf2ujpqBbrn14jShkCTdaWpbnDjD04rEB2cbvMymUHL7Kp4VMdboz4UivKZpFTzRRFtIeqeqJxf4LEVTDMCvmfjKFHRbM42yJ7tF4.WTa5v9dg5wL7Y68hBXWQo5FYYnxJe_kiI5Vo2nOSoJqfo3DTqlyjPwzw1ydbMGE1RyqT508mB9jGQAi9HvMvOrnke1C8Hww_uDsLzZhLXq1thhSV49L3MB3kJx0qT.97Ehee.ktI.0zksFXtUCOjxJ_wcH0Egkt4aKF_SuA78vImyqTkX58mw3qSWjT.8MfXMDsLYGMIBycmHNmgWX.U61NUE10Lp.MRK7z_jj7yDhyNEMGquYadzo.iw9kVw3dkj8d_Vh1L0Ar_aRzuo7Fm6g0CLcNNyfERRKBFyELNhe42JNwkL8BkQM0Obk2U.E2UsJ2Ft43u88iu4iP4owtpARWJVvjRfU2vCIRndLef.IzlqXRsnRNmS2XqvnS3mYa2oIIUMhbwjwf4VEHZisXUz1P.d4_4Gjkj1Z2SnzhZCWVtBaz6kOkNdi6C4gtwDHR0WCkepJuxT1JNBxjhw2R73gLfMQXG19MGMh75Acn1_d4jCpbkoaN_Oza_JQsxpdwCBDM6gC47YEptkb0lyYAiTjuQ3soBL_bTOGmdI428lH1D_uYrmcyg5vLZ58D5mfZWN5jhls1kOzBXBEn50FS26aYQqdTRsK2sucpM0rPgCt2YqN1qziQlk0Zui.bhwQiu07yaZfutkosF8R8KsQnRVqBIZ1wnCt8QNR1836zMaVdfpVCgBubHw7p0LS"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91364c013b0f33d1';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=volumetric%20assessment&__cf_chl_rt_tk=fwwInOVKbUJW0jJbbzNVfY1gyO2ne9Dir5Bfzw0xSkE-1739800755-1.0.1.1-qMoRt1SyEG_0.sHxVwsS53FWkRJ7fDbRVd8hJiYMuPc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>