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The Cohen Kappa of the Liverpool and the naranjo adverse drug reaction causality assessment tool on nervous system drugs
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7" lang="en"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9 lt-ie8" lang="en"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en"> <!--<![endif]--> <head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type"> <meta content="IE=edge,chrome=1" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"> <meta content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="Author" content="Universidad de Granada"> <meta name="Copyright" content="Universidad de Granada"> <meta name="Publisher" content="Universidad de Granada"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/themes/Mirage2/images/favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/themes/Mirage2/images/apple-touch-icon.png"> <meta name="Generator" content="DSpace 6.4_1.0.6"> <link href="/themes/Mirage2/styles/main.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="/themes/Mirage2/xsl/aspect/estadisticas/style_estadisticas.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/themes/Mirage2/xsl/aspect/cookies/css/cookiecuttr.css"> <script src="/themes/Mirage2/xsl/aspect/cookies/js/jquery.min.js"> </script><script src="/themes/Mirage2/xsl/aspect/cookies/js/jquery.cookie.js" type="text/javascript"> </script><script src="/themes/Mirage2/xsl/aspect/cookies/js/jquery.cookiecuttr.js" type="text/javascript"> </script><script src="/themes/Mirage2/xsl/aspect/cookies/js/activate-cookies.js" type="text/javascript"> </script> <link type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" rel="search" href="https://digibug.ugr.es:443/open-search/description.xml" title="Digibug"> <script> //Clear default text of emty text areas on focus function tFocus(element) { if (element.value == ' '){element.value='';} } //Clear default text of emty text areas on submit function tSubmit(form) { var defaultedElements = document.getElementsByTagName("textarea"); for (var i=0; i != defaultedElements.length; i++){ if (defaultedElements[i].value == ' '){ defaultedElements[i].value='';}} } //Disable pressing 'enter' key to submit a form (otherwise pressing 'enter' causes a submission to start over) function disableEnterKey(e) { var key; if(window.event) key = window.event.keyCode; //Internet Explorer else key = e.which; //Firefox and Netscape if(key == 13) //if "Enter" pressed, then disable! return false; else return true; } </script><!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="/themes/Mirage2/scripts/html5shiv.js"> </script> <script src="/themes/Mirage2/scripts/respond.min.js"> </script> <![endif]--><title>The Cohen Kappa of the Liverpool and the naranjo adverse drug reaction causality assessment tool on nervous system drugs</title> <link rel="schema.DCTERMS" href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" /> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Rahajeng, Bangunawati" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Risdiana, Irma" /> <meta name="DC.creator" content="Nugrahaningtyas, Odilia Danti" /> <meta name="DCTERMS.dateAccepted" content="2025-02-07T08:44:16Z" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" /> <meta name="DCTERMS.available" content="2025-02-07T08:44:16Z" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" /> <meta name="DCTERMS.issued" content="2024-12-20" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" /> <meta name="DCTERMS.bibliographicCitation" content="Rahajeng, B., Risdiana, I., & Nugrahaningtyas, O. D. (2024). La Kappa de Cohen de la Herramienta de Evaluación de la Causalidad de Reacciones Adversas a Medicamentos de Liverpool y Naranjo en medicamentos para el sistema nervioso. Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet), 66(1), 80–88." xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.identifier" content="2340-9894" /> <meta name="DC.identifier" content="https://hdl.handle.net/10481/102057" scheme="DCTERMS.URI" /> <meta name="DCTERMS.abstract" content="Objetivo: Un método para identificar la causalidad de los efectos secundarios es el algoritmo de Naranjo. Actualmente, existe un algoritmo de Liverpool, que es un refinamiento del algoritmo Naranjo. Este estudio pretende comparar de Naranjo y de Liverpool en la identificación de la causalidad de los efectos secundarios de los fármacos que actúan sobre el sistema nervioso.
Métodos: Esta investigación es un estudio observacional con un método longitudinal. La recogida de datos se realizó de forma prospectiva en pacientes a los que se les prescribieron anticonvulsivantes, antidepresivos o antipsicóticos. Cuatro investigadores observaron a los pacientes durante tres meses. Los eventos adversos se reportaron y evaluaron utilizando de Naranjo por dos investigadores y de Liverpool por otros dos. Los resultados de las mediciones de los dos algoritmos se comprobaron con la fiabilidad entre evaluadores (IRR) mediante el valor del coeficiente de concordancia Kappa (K) de Cohen.
Resultados: En el estudio participaron 133 pacientes, 74 (55,64 %) experimentaron efectos secundarios con probabilidad de causalidad probable y posible. El valor kappa para Naranjo es de 0,465 («moderado» IRR). Para Liverpool, el valor K es de 0,352 (TIR «regular»), lo que indica que el acuerdo de los investigadores fue mejor en el algoritmo de Naranjo que en el de Liverpool.
Conclusiones: Este estudio concluye que de Naranjo ofrece un valor kappa más alto que de Liverpool. Es necesario que otros investigadores de Indonesia lleven a cabo investigaciones con de Liverpool para determinar su viabilidad en la práctica clínica." xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DCTERMS.abstract" content="Objective: Monitoring of side effects is essential to prevent and overcome the occurrence of drug side effects. Drugs that act on the nervous system have many similar side effects. One method of identifying side effect causality is using the Naranjo algorithm. Currently, there is a Liverpool algorithm, a refinement of Naranjo. This study aims to compare the Naranjo algorithm and the Liverpool algorithm in identifying the causality of side effects of drugs that act on the nervous system.
Methods: This research is an observational study with a longitudinal method. Data collection was carried out prospectively in patients who were prescribed anticonvulsants, antidepressants, or antipsychotics. Four researchers will observe patients for three months. Adverse events were reported and tested using the Naranjo algorithm by two researchers and the Liverpool algorithm by two researchers. The measurement results of the two algorithms were tested with the Inter-Rater Reliability (IRR) by looking at the Cohen Kappa (K) agreement coefficient value.
Result: The study involved 133 patients. Of the 133 patients, 74 (55.64%) experienced side effects with probable and possible causality. The kappa value for Naranjo is 0.465 (“moderate” IRR). It is 0.352 (“fair” IRR) for Liverpool, indicating that the researchers’ agreement was better on the Naranjo algorithm than the Liverpool algorithm.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the Naranjo algorithm gives a higher kappa value than the Liverpool algorithm. Research using the Liverpool algorithm needs to be carried out by other researchers in Indonesia to find out the possibility of its use in clinical practice." xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.language" content="eng" xml:lang="es_ES" scheme="DCTERMS.RFC1766" /> <meta name="DC.publisher" content="Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Farmacia" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.rights" content="Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional" xml:lang="*" /> <meta name="DC.rights" content="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" xml:lang="*" scheme="DCTERMS.URI" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="Algoritmo de Naranjo" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="algoritmo de Liverpool" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="efecto secundario" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="Kappa de Cohen" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="inter-fiabilidad" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.subject" content="fármacos del sistema nervioso" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.title" content="The Cohen Kappa of the Liverpool and the naranjo adverse drug reaction causality assessment tool on nervous system drugs" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DCTERMS.alternative" content="La Kappa de Cohen de la herramienta de evaluación de la causalidad de reacciones adversas a medicamentos de Liverpool y naranjo en medicamentos para el sistema nervioso" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.type" content="journal article" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.rights" content="open access" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="DC.identifier" content="10.30827/ars.v66i1.31144" /> <meta name="DC.type" content="VoR" xml:lang="es_ES" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Algoritmo de Naranjo; algoritmo de Liverpool; efecto secundario; Kappa de Cohen; inter-fiabilidad; fármacos del sistema nervioso" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="The Cohen Kappa of the Liverpool and the naranjo adverse drug reaction causality assessment tool on nervous system drugs" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="2340-9894" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Farmacia" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.30827/ars.v66i1.31144" /> <meta name="citation_language" content="eng" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Rahajeng, Bangunawati" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Risdiana, Irma" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Nugrahaningtyas, Odilia Danti" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://digibug.ugr.es/bitstream/10481/102057/1/07_31144_Rahajeng.pdf" /> <meta name="citation_date" content="2024-12-20" /> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://digibug.ugr.es/handle/10481/102057" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Oswald"> <script async="async" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-1LXBZ40TNV"></script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; + function 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Some features of this site may not work without it.</div> </div> </div> <div class="container" id="main-container"> <div class="row row-offcanvas row-offcanvas-right"> <div class="horizontal-slider clearfix"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-9 main-content pull-right"> <div> <div id="aspect_artifactbrowser_ItemViewer_div_item-view" class="ds-static-div primary"> <!-- External Metadata URL: cocoon://metadata/handle/10481/102057/mets.xml--> <div class="item-summary-view-metadata"> <h2 class="page-header first-page-header">The Cohen Kappa of the Liverpool and the naranjo adverse drug reaction causality assessment tool on nervous system drugs</h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-4"> <div class="item-page-field-wrapper table word-break"> <div> <img title="pdf" src="/themes/Mirage2/images/thumbnails/mimes/pdf.png" alt="[PDF]" class="iconos"><a href="/bitstream/handle/10481/102057/07_31144_Rahajeng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"><i aria-hidden="true" class="glyphicon "></i> 07_31144_Rahajeng.pdf (189.7Kb)</a><a class="flexpaper-view-link" target="_blank" href="/flexpaper/handle/10481/102057/07_31144_Rahajeng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"><img src="/themes/Mirage2/images/thumbnails/eye.png" class="view_flex"></a> </div> </div> <div class="simple-item-view-uri item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5>Identificadores</h5> <span>URI: <a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10481/102057">https://hdl.handle.net/10481/102057</a></span> <div>DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/ars.v66i1.31144">10.30827/ars.v66i1.31144</a> </div> <div>ISSN: 2340-9894</div> </div> <div class="simple-item-view-authors item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5>Exportar</h5> <div id="export_buttons"> <a href="/ris/handle/10481/102057"><img class="export-icons" src="/themes/Mirage2/images/ris.png" alt="RIS" title="RIS"></a><a id="refwork_logo" href="http://www.refworks.com/express/ExpressImport.asp?filter=Refworks%20Tagged%20Format&vendor=RWUgranada&url=https://digibug.ugr.es/refworks/handle/10481/102057"><img class="export-icons" src="/themes/Mirage2/images/RefWorks.png" alt="Refworks" title="Refworks"></a><a target="_blank" href="http://www.mendeley.com/import/?url=https://hdl.handle.net/10481/102057" class="mendeley_button"><img class="export-icons" src="/themes/Mirage2/images/Mendeley.png" alt="Mendeley" title="Mendeley"></a><a target="_blank" href="/rdf/handle/10481/102057" alt="RDF" title="RDF"><img src="/themes/Mirage2/images/rdf.gif" class="export-icons"></a><a href="/bibtex/handle/10481/102057"><img class="export-icons" src="/themes/Mirage2/images/bibtex.png" alt="Bibtex" title="Bibtex"></a> </div> </div> <div class="simple-item-view-authors item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5>Estadísticas</h5> <div id="altmetrics"> <script src="https://d1bxh8uas1mnw7.cloudfront.net/assets/embed.js" type="text/javascript"> </script> <div class="simple-view-icons"> <span class="altmetric-embed" data-hide-no-mentions="false" data-badge-type="donut" data-badge-popover="bottom" title="Almetrics" data-doi="10.30827/ars.v66i1.31144"></span> </div> <div class="simple-view-icons"> <span id="citedBy" title="Scopus"><object height="50" data="https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/citation-count?doi=10.30827/ars.v66i1.31144&httpAccept=text/html&apiKey=c449b2e28cc431cebac2cd94003f68c3"></object></span> </div> </div> <a class="simple-view-icons" href="/handle/10481/102057/statistics">Ver Estadísticas de uso</a> </div> <div class="simple-item-view-show-full item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5>Metadatos</h5> <a href="/handle/10481/102057?show=full">Mostrar el registro completo del ítem</a> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-8"> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-6"> <div class="simple-item-view-authors item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5 class="item-headers">Autor</h5> <span><a href="/browse?value=Rahajeng, Bangunawati&type=author">Rahajeng, Bangunawati</a></span>; <span><a href="/browse?value=Risdiana, Irma&type=author">Risdiana, Irma</a></span>; <span><a href="/browse?value=Nugrahaningtyas, Odilia Danti&type=author">Nugrahaningtyas, Odilia Danti</a></span> </div> <div class="simple-item-view-description item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5 class="item-headers">Editorial</h5> <div>Universidad de Granada, Facultad de Farmacia</div> </div> <div class="simple-item-view-description item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5 class="item-headers">Materia</h5> <div>Algoritmo de Naranjo<div class="spacer"> </div>algoritmo de Liverpool<div class="spacer"> </div>efecto secundario<div class="spacer"> </div>Kappa de Cohen<div class="spacer"> </div>inter-fiabilidad<div class="spacer"> </div>fármacos del sistema nervioso<div class="spacer"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-lg-6"> <div class="simple-item-view-date word-break item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5 class="item-headers">Fecha</h5>2024-12-20</div> <div class="simple-item-view-description item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5 class="item-headers">Referencia bibliográfica</h5> <div>Rahajeng, B., Risdiana, I., & Nugrahaningtyas, O. D. (2024). La Kappa de Cohen de la Herramienta de Evaluación de la Causalidad de Reacciones Adversas a Medicamentos de Liverpool y Naranjo en medicamentos para el sistema nervioso. Ars Pharmaceutica (Internet), 66(1), 80–88.</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12 col-lg-12"> <div class="simple-item-view-description item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5 class="item-headers">Resumen</h5> <div>Objetivo: Un método para identificar la causalidad de los efectos secundarios es el algoritmo de Naranjo. Actualmente, existe un algoritmo de Liverpool, que es un refinamiento del algoritmo Naranjo. Este estudio pretende comparar de Naranjo y de Liverpool en la identificación de la causalidad de los efectos secundarios de los fármacos que actúan sobre el sistema nervioso. Métodos: Esta investigación es un estudio observacional con un método longitudinal. La recogida de datos se realizó de forma prospectiva en pacientes a los que se les prescribieron anticonvulsivantes, antidepresivos o antipsicóticos. Cuatro investigadores observaron a los pacientes durante tres meses. Los eventos adversos se reportaron y evaluaron utilizando de Naranjo por dos investigadores y de Liverpool por otros dos. Los resultados de las mediciones de los dos algoritmos se comprobaron con la fiabilidad entre evaluadores (IRR) mediante el valor del coeficiente de concordancia Kappa (K) de Cohen. Resultados: En el estudio participaron 133 pacientes, 74 (55,64 %) experimentaron efectos secundarios con probabilidad de causalidad probable y posible. El valor kappa para Naranjo es de 0,465 («moderado» IRR). Para Liverpool, el valor K es de 0,352 (TIR «regular»), lo que indica que el acuerdo de los investigadores fue mejor en el algoritmo de Naranjo que en el de Liverpool. Conclusiones: Este estudio concluye que de Naranjo ofrece un valor kappa más alto que de Liverpool. Es necesario que otros investigadores de Indonesia lleven a cabo investigaciones con de Liverpool para determinar su viabilidad en la práctica clínica.<div class="spacer"> </div>Objective: Monitoring of side effects is essential to prevent and overcome the occurrence of drug side effects. Drugs that act on the nervous system have many similar side effects. One method of identifying side effect causality is using the Naranjo algorithm. Currently, there is a Liverpool algorithm, a refinement of Naranjo. This study aims to compare the Naranjo algorithm and the Liverpool algorithm in identifying the causality of side effects of drugs that act on the nervous system. Methods: This research is an observational study with a longitudinal method. Data collection was carried out prospectively in patients who were prescribed anticonvulsants, antidepressants, or antipsychotics. Four researchers will observe patients for three months. Adverse events were reported and tested using the Naranjo algorithm by two researchers and the Liverpool algorithm by two researchers. The measurement results of the two algorithms were tested with the Inter-Rater Reliability (IRR) by looking at the Cohen Kappa (K) agreement coefficient value. Result: The study involved 133 patients. Of the 133 patients, 74 (55.64%) experienced side effects with probable and possible causality. The kappa value for Naranjo is 0.465 (“moderate” IRR). It is 0.352 (“fair” IRR) for Liverpool, indicating that the researchers’ agreement was better on the Naranjo algorithm than the Liverpool algorithm. Conclusion: This study concludes that the Naranjo algorithm gives a higher kappa value than the Liverpool algorithm. Research using the Liverpool algorithm needs to be carried out by other researchers in Indonesia to find out the possibility of its use in clinical practice.<div class="spacer"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="simple-item-view-collections item-page-field-wrapper table"> <h5 class="item-headers">Colecciones</h5> <ul class="ds-referenceSet-list"> <!-- External Metadata URL: cocoon://metadata/handle/10481/101616/mets.xml--> <li> <a href="/handle/10481/101616">APh. vol. 66(1)</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="license-info table"></div> </div> <div class="row" about="https://hdl.handle.net/10481/102057"> <div class="col-sm-3 col-xs-12"> <a title="Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional" alt="Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" rel="license"><img class="img-responsive" src="/themes/Mirage2//images/creativecommons/cc-by-nc-sa.png" 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