CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91356ad19fc581aa',cH: 'VZVt0GVM7GbaM5F14TXsnPXQZBngsyyR4UI2oFn4kQQ-1739791531-1.2.1.1-dmUisniizhH8J6USvMe1Un2gNkRUdZTqWX.IXbhelYF.YAAILXdPgNutfoHIOs3q',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=gas-chromatography&__cf_chl_tk=swAxEiUfN_xa6O_II6ieLBHUK1ANZwj.hmUlLNtwTU4-1739791531-1.0.1.1-oejgvfmajboaaEZ3F776J9.qbwR4FixN1OX2rMynQ84",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739791531',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=gas-chromatography&__cf_chl_f_tk=swAxEiUfN_xa6O_II6ieLBHUK1ANZwj.hmUlLNtwTU4-1739791531-1.0.1.1-oejgvfmajboaaEZ3F776J9.qbwR4FixN1OX2rMynQ84",md: "WHDzTFwLPRsGeK3QZg68fb7Pwoi.0a6NQk84yDcmjb8-1739791531-1.2.1.1-1ZBqoWZEDnSmBoJ63JPDv93njvdeRgzgFj9nEnePbLojxjM_DZ345syQFKLnWqHvFPsGY_4UE4FeOgpcpnveGYOkr4HW13GIKE9uALc2aJcaV0in_CFS8U0K9T_s5nNXDN0TjgfKi6cpYKpLg4yuAhlByL4yGID4Y4yS9UDZpBfZYp2Bneh5ocVd7tCCdbhtDsR54NTgJhWNO2ykbvHFP6K4EgFvkKosMBJ7YMKbobvziZpncUEFkNdk_mT_ipO3p4swIbyE4o91E9L6Luqratg.2MKA8nDvu9FVdNYWlwCY3CWtfmP91GmjaKk5e6NLbTnBjY5RJQXXiO0FN9kQF1D5I6EFTuib8GB5PHlVXVJOHuuDWR4CdKy0WJN_7ovSFF6Mt6ucnxhoBnB1TQ6ILFbQ4beMlMlTgQqYJsOWVkxUERev7qvjwYW19FRDELVkuw5cTtirn6CDILJp0qFlaGNVDiNm3VxAtfM0Bz.I_qqyY2m70sOCbvKelxrzXm8N8_6KOGJ943rDXWdULNV86qilA5hZPPLYTwPXygqR4Xum4Lg2036WbwfQdwDIqP217Y4VytjjG8djRz8I8orhiPlOyjvA2V3oFyBaJAdSNfnFe0fStgDNYuVyTUwakFEeUGD03vRe6vSP1_0DXU3IiPM7.9Os6DMYJP_LiIK0xP47SW78fTTO.xsNMmIuFoVbY0mJWPjUYbmbgATtCmr8ln_HS.SebCcFtNV1k4hyNMEzDTe_HtRsE_9mBGzLzlLWPI2JlPfGq5uto..D_.mmu7go33yWqZsnmFbH1Pbzk6KT7PTcNc4LV_oyWY.HuI1G6xwwcDYLnfryDrKl8J76gn1OpjjfzoKAd2ulyJbLJ8p2jgbgqXa7C9A2hzjKY0MEBOUh1mlv_x8aU23zbKBaVv42gBTAfjrBb5HG9ndkjXfytZ2KOwsQaLdEUjRGmxX2IINqrUlflY8Bvt0OZWZxeacZg19l0paJDc4VFsO3e52WnxsQ8oxlbaRzZLsWyBG2L5CkU62GwXB_N.SAt4T6hVnyKdzqWLdY3yZpIWft68Mn2pu8t6Yy8fX0OS3rNKtz6FFGBxhfpY6udGG44N0oY_YKTYOEHtKxWyn8z.8dba4pYP6Ge9FKdLE6AdaAMIfZGaXHK285g4HQ._yQNI5__TDH1HrEmv.uSpXVw7p.1esIzE2k0eVBEulpA7iUo7eZPtE.YinUhSaeWQ3w9SwLpGRwCTkjPzOxUP8Wupx_lXVmDsYFjej_M2I1We0IcYSxmzXCWiOv7KKYjVHCTMcB91ay92pYvC69pHRTXaT9OTzk_mBTok8jbt1HJvzZrHe..vYEweASengBDbTF3tZZRnpxZ9Rlfqgs5k4fzQ8Lf_rvoKMShPPG1_yxFzuVbQuQh5bO0LN.JFYuuD2yUYS8q3xnnTAoSqa0Tsr1rOh7DrkxLCpY6ObwYjYae6KDrcapq5GUse2xECJ_lfzqbUWre3O0mbXw9AgxDIgw8KL4nR6DvjEEJrQhnh.oUNq2KIEdoM2n3Lx2tgmGXJdhaKDSxyrrHFqFi474wssI4XkctwAU2BumJYovyAQUdnFfxV2_FgCAl8QSoyCu2GrQIxwFjHsgws8D.EOYP3Mro251idndUdGY8IpOrCF.GIzJX.st37ZvV0J5S41e7oCvnQxC6H1H6nzwysQeLH78ODSryzYoII1vh6nHeT4oWmARg5rCWcwONHxdlqaWbZ48gAt9_n8ehUlNUX5cp4YARFeKsVYKnwldVW_6nVGPGBKC8iPBhQKqK6kKsmsrOJGH4Yn.7KPumVkLUY6Xha8jHpKZETaw_eRiLvf9wqcjj5qjNF6eNAZ8iGCSMhj_xHUuNruiSA5qe1.IL38Z69RvSfXNIP2nTRlKAa1PtgUffRty_HXj56J87frl0z7RI5sbIIDxOw9JVpAdcVo6s30GldpU14o",mdrd: "Uk83QZevAWnIxrscaKmMPwQlsa_6cZcTDD.q3I84moo-1739791531-1.2.1.1-ad0FePZZjiahA.OZFxQuu_29URROcnHWCNX.kLn690EaFV8I.Qar6qTFTOEq7958ClRkh.webgNYhI.Du6hELZ6VEjV6yqCFb5SOkrzGHD53.kLR533J.5QwX6Qkf5hLKAZFDrJvpZYhckqmUSAoai.S2PPTvPLVCLmJ0UBQz3z8851F0vnUvTtRPgBdO69yR1GteYb2HjXJdT6BX6rwEPdk.lnLzX1uGIS_tJRxiwqRr3sx4zBVHuF1h7rHQuc0cM8yWYWsYn_O36xj8LIVM8v.SgRznJaaESr4Mbs8dQP3ft7d_ymlIVy9agjxtAzi6rMXpJMF17Fj.H0yOMdSBGpYJUC41pC6t4gsS4okTHLTpLbkgrlzk2.AumUBn3r5EfZvNoTzYu7XscQqf0gPAt5oxKP..iwfTUryKWVfAqe.YeDv.ony7L4pk9eh2FEnl55GJrt.bTsvNofkAwIog7EfSRcMSYap1h7mS2qdfZhWP1Ef6S2nl07J.V2iONXpgnCRkaVP8cBlEWvuf3Hl7R8_PobO2K44XoaWSB6WeTML3O9mUYECsteXbFezPGFybamuAZ6.KxDXwF8czvT7ji6SHfb0nfQHe2QX9hIqOC_3FBPBMZmCtrOjf7xr2HmXgzTXwwcOhd5xKulQteHuLMVVkNVojB11.w0TlkiaRkJiDkGbPn0Tk9y7E9tbpJhuH0P8coyrZbAWXAgUDxo5lwB7ThT2WBKDadmv7n.kV_Hn4UTziB3NISFu.AZE0akMuOZy5jNY1BSFECVshcdeZ6q9D7Sdvullv19OtFtEjNHYm4BuhjfveXs23HWA_YxpELqw4n.LVqTG79w.YgLvFfX9p.wCjeVoGBsekDz7A8_IuUG0KvZGPfjMg2QxRa3fObz8MLWs82LiCdUOOL3d_gDEAIaDwoGILHQoxe7iiDWS1RK_2M.tCVpJN7Tf_UGdU4tMLqIJZffwboa8Z_dWS9SIRkbT1PRfBLSQC2RSykmlEYGNW2XdvzygW7P9S3paj2Ss0d4HKttvS7Fl41iSSUSFyIre6JyYZvj5X1X5MeCAESdnqvOdpu7N8MugaeKB2z66Wy7BZQaK7N6uAKnIkxIz4K9DcO4DCRxAtfo1QW6Tx1wRfnd70ivyFfpypYhYKdU..xejjpGQ.h52X2GUmXrS5dGGhJqIHMncXzBU2QiQpAJaAYXNxvTQEhtRJC5uhitJ.dZ6AZ3Whlh9M2uUNC_yNAyOpcZP7EPfr4DqB_29oCBR7mBBMVWHDam.AZ0XHZPnISBvlmFAnXuUopJ0BuRIf8MmvwESK3.W.japaP4orh6qLA8IsAgZWH9faSA_n4Hi1pzv2FCRXfcg6SsyAJTQNKBBIsKSlCHnJtHhO0daNGLun5Ms0dCL8xjzoQMZnEKCe9LvRHg5rZbB8CYLHS6UQ7lLrMnVb12HuoJDtDVb_BQtQ8EPUEVVZltSPB6j96837mogtlRadznQgHbbqdcRDJILEVaCQ3ERnMFc_4B27q228IMpZxBQgewZRfM18aNoiQ4ix5D63ncgnpN8lywAjAYfInQmRTWcFii9evqtTxZ23NVyfdl3Huopbz_h6D7HYj3DR.qzgH3IURjPfriPQL23X55nJoF2bw4h9UAliNz1qf86c8Mc3daBvmqtBrjMiL3ydgz595UOxo.9OBpMijkGNWqC4b0D65ME5wvt0bpXbCkF.e7vsJi0nbYuwFVHUZye5dlnuOndYz7cRShhT1BzU9BsXcugriX02Lr8X1jCt22vdTR9Vvptt7vYDUY7gimPAVusx5kAXuFAFEY_qSC86q2UGEpRqDVW5tcbn4MgLK5_lhhNHNW0EeRFTtFjgcaIEBizCuMvPwqyQfXGDwuhsjjLuP8aYB00XiTk1CXA98CifCGWoKRs9QaUj0rmaQ63jsc0TU9XnZ6L2CIeisVH96ia9klv_0dWfvLQvJx6gzM69Wbg3TG3Q5ki"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91356ad19fc581aa';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=gas-chromatography&__cf_chl_rt_tk=swAxEiUfN_xa6O_II6ieLBHUK1ANZwj.hmUlLNtwTU4-1739791531-1.0.1.1-oejgvfmajboaaEZ3F776J9.qbwR4FixN1OX2rMynQ84" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>