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id="toc-Economic_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic_contraction_in_2008–2010" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_contraction_in_2008–2010"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Economic contraction in 2008–2010</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_contraction_in_2008–2010-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_recovery_2010–2012" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_recovery_2010–2012"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Economic recovery 2010–2012</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_recovery_2010–2012-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_issues_2022-23" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_issues_2022-23"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Economic issues 2022-23</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_issues_2022-23-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privatisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privatisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Privatisation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privatisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Employment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Employment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Employment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Employment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sectors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sectors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sectors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sectors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sectors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sectors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Primary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manufacturing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manufacturing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Manufacturing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manufacturing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Corporations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corporations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Corporations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Corporations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Corporations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Corporations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Most_valuable_companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Most_valuable_companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Most valuable companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Most_valuable_companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Energy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Economy of Latvia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 31 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="اقتصاد لاتفيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اقتصاد لاتفيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Letonia" title="Economía de Letonia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Economía de Letonia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latviya_iqtisadiyyat%C4%B1" title="Latviya iqtisadiyyatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Latviya iqtisadiyyatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%96" title="Эканоміка Латвіі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эканоміка Латвіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Икономика на Латвия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Икономика на Латвия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_de_Let%C3%B2nia" title="Economia de Letònia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Economia de Letònia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomika_Loty%C5%A1ska" title="Ekonomika Lotyšska – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ekonomika Lotyšska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letlands_%C3%B8konomi" title="Letlands økonomi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Letlands økonomi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtschaft_Lettlands" title="Wirtschaft Lettlands – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wirtschaft Lettlands" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4ti_majandus" title="Läti majandus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Läti majandus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Οικονομία της Λετονίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οικονομία της Λετονίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Letonia" title="Economía de Letonia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Economía de Letonia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89conomie_de_la_Lettonie" title="Économie de la Lettonie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Économie de la Lettonie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Letonia" title="Economía de Letonia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Economía de Letonia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%ED%8A%B8%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84%EC%9D%98_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C" title="라트비아의 경제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="라트비아의 경제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Լատվիայի տնտեսություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լատվիայի տնտեսություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomio_di_Latvia" title="Ekonomio di Latvia – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ekonomio di Latvia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomi_Latvia" title="Ekonomi Latvia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ekonomi Latvia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ლატვიის ეკონომიკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლატვიის ეკონომიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvijas_saimniec%C4%ABba" title="Latvijas saimniecība – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Latvijas saimniecība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvijos_ekonomika" title="Latvijos ekonomika – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Latvijos ekonomika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Економија на Латвија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Економија на Латвија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_de_Let%C3%B2nia" title="Economia de Letònia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Economia de Letònia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litva_iqtisodiyoti" title="Litva iqtisodiyoti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Litva iqtisodiyoti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_da_Let%C3%B3nia" title="Economia da Letónia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Economia da Letónia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_Letoniei" title="Economia Letoniei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Economia Letoniei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Экономика Латвии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Экономика Латвии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomia_e_Letonis%C3%AB" title="Ekonomia e Letonisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ekonomia e Letonisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%97" title="Економіка Латвії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Економіка Латвії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_Latvia" title="Kinh tế Latvia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kinh tế Latvia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:26.0em;padding:0;"><caption class="infobox-title adr">Economy of <span class="country-name">Latvia</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vistas_desde_la_iglesia_de_San_Pedro,_Riga,_Letonia,_2012-08-07,_DD_09.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Vistas_desde_la_iglesia_de_San_Pedro%2C_Riga%2C_Letonia%2C_2012-08-07%2C_DD_09.JPG/310px-Vistas_desde_la_iglesia_de_San_Pedro%2C_Riga%2C_Letonia%2C_2012-08-07%2C_DD_09.JPG" decoding="async" width="310" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Vistas_desde_la_iglesia_de_San_Pedro%2C_Riga%2C_Letonia%2C_2012-08-07%2C_DD_09.JPG/465px-Vistas_desde_la_iglesia_de_San_Pedro%2C_Riga%2C_Letonia%2C_2012-08-07%2C_DD_09.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Vistas_desde_la_iglesia_de_San_Pedro%2C_Riga%2C_Letonia%2C_2012-08-07%2C_DD_09.JPG/620px-Vistas_desde_la_iglesia_de_San_Pedro%2C_Riga%2C_Letonia%2C_2012-08-07%2C_DD_09.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5455" data-file-height="3655" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> with its <a href="/wiki/Riga_Central_Market" title="Riga Central Market">Central Market</a> in the view</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> (EUR, €)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">Fiscal year</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Calendar year</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Trade organisations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/EU" class="mw-redirect" title="EU">EU</a>, <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">WTO</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Country group</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Developed_country" title="Developed country">Developed/Advanced</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank_high-income_economy" title="World Bank high-income economy">High-income economy</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">Statistics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1,853,400 (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $45.52 billion (nominal, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOLV-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $81.79 billion (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOLV-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">GDP rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">97th (nominal, 2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">106th (PPP, 2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP growth</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2.6% <abbr title="2019">(2019)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-IMF_forecast_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_forecast-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> -2.3% <abbr title="2020">(2020)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-IMF_forecast_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_forecast-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4.3% <abbr title="2021">(2021)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-IMF_forecast_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_forecast-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2.8% <abbr title="2022">(2022)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-IMF_forecast_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_forecast-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> -0.3% <abbr title="2023">(2023)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-IMF_forecast2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_forecast2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.7% <abbr title="2024 forecast">(2024f)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-IMF_forecast2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_forecast2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2.4% <abbr title="2025 forecast">(2025f)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-IMF_forecast2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF_forecast2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $24,222 (nominal, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOLV-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $43,526 (PPP, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOLV-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP per capita rank</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">47th (nominal, 2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">47th (PPP, 2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP by sector</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Primary sector of the economy">agriculture</a>: 3.9%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Secondary sector of the economy">industry</a>: 22.4%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">services</a>: 73.7%</li> <li>(2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIALV_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIALV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">Inflation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Consumer_price_index" title="Consumer price index">CPI</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>9.0% (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-inflationLV_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflationLV-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1.3% (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-inflationLV_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflationLV-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2.2% <abbr title="2025 forecast">(2025f)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-inflationLV_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflationLV-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Population below <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poverty_threshold" title="Poverty threshold">poverty line</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 24.3% at risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient"><span class="wrap">Gini coefficient</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 34.0 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkorange">medium</span> (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.879 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">very high</span> (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-lvhdi_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lvhdi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">37th</a>)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.802 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">very high</span> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_inequality-adjusted_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI">IHDI (33rd)</a>) (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-lvhdi_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lvhdi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" title="Corruption Perceptions Index">Corruption Perceptions Index</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 59 out of 100 points (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-ti_2024_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ti_2024-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index#Ranking_over_Time" title="Corruption Perceptions Index">38th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Labour force</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 977,523 (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 77.5% employment rate (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Labour force by occupation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Primary sector of the economy">agriculture</a>: 7.7%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Secondary sector of the economy">industry</a>: 24.1%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">services</a>: 68.1%</li> <li>(2016 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIALV_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIALV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unemployment</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6.8% (December 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 13.0% youth unemployment (15 to 24 year-olds; November 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Average gross salary</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of European countries by average wage">€1,671</a> monthly (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income"><span class="wrap">Average net salary</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of European countries by average wage">€1,213</a> monthly (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main industries</div></th><td class="infobox-data">processed foods, processed wood products, textiles, processed metals, pharmaceuticals, railroad cars, synthetic fibers, electronics</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">External</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Exports</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $20.73 billion (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Export goods</div></th><td class="infobox-data">foodstuffs, wood and wood products, metals, machinery and equipment, textiles</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main export partners</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>(+) 18%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>(+) 10%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>(+) 6%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>(+) 6%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>(+) 5%</li> <li>(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-CIALV_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIALV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Imports</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $25.49 billion (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Import goods</div></th><td class="infobox-data">machinery and equipment, consumer goods, chemicals, fuels, vehicles</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main import partners</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>(+) 22%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>(+) 10%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>(+) 9%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>(+) 9%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>(+) 6%</li> <li>(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-CIALV_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIALV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">FDI</a> stock</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> Inward: $1.32 billion (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-OECD_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OECD-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> Outward: $0.63 billion (2023)<sup id="cite_ref-OECD_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OECD-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Current_account_(balance_of_payments)" title="Current account (balance of payments)"><span class="wrap">Current account</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> −$1.708 billion (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMF2024_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF2024-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3.75% of GDP (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMF2024_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMF2024-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">Public finances</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_debt" title="List of countries by government debt"><span class="wrap">Government debt</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 43.8% of GDP (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> €19.90 billion (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Government_budget_balance" title="Government budget balance"><span class="wrap">Budget balance</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>€1.3 billion deficit (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-1st_Notif_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>−2.9% of GDP (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-1st_Notif_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenues</th><td class="infobox-data">37.8% of GDP (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expenses</th><td class="infobox-data">40.8% of GDP (2024)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Economic aid</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>€4.6 billion from <a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">European Structural and Investment Funds</a> (2007–2013)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>€5.63 billion from <a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">European Structural and Investment Funds</a> (2014–2020)<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_credit_rating" title="List of countries by credit rating"><span class="wrap">Credit rating</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard_%26_Poor%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard & Poor's">Standard & Poor's</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A (Domestic)</li> <li>A (Foreign)</li> <li>AAA (T&C Assessment)</li> <li>Outlook: Stable<sup id="cite_ref-guardian_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moody%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Moody's">Moody's</a>:</li> <li>A3</li> <li>Outlook: Stable<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitch_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Fitch Group">Fitch</a>:</li> <li>A−</li> <li>Outlook: Stable<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Scope:</li> <li>A−</li> <li>Outlook: Stable<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserves" title="Foreign exchange reserves"><span class="wrap">Foreign reserves</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $4.95 billion (2023 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIALV_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIALV-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background:lightblue;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em;padding:0.2em;"> <i>All values, unless otherwise stated, are in <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US dollars</a>.</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> The <b>economy of Latvia</b> is an open economy in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and is part of the <a href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</a>. <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> is a member of the <a href="/wiki/WTO" class="mw-redirect" title="WTO">World Trade Organization (WTO)</a> since 1999,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a member of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> since 2004, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a> since 2014 and a member of the <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a> since 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-leta010716_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leta010716-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latvia is ranked the 14th in the world by the <a href="/wiki/Ease_of_Doing_Business_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Ease of Doing Business Index">Ease of Doing Business Index</a> prepared by the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">World Bank Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Human Development Report 2023/24 by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>, has a HDI score of a 0.879 (2022 data).<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to its geographical location, transit services are highly developed, along with timber and <a href="/wiki/Wood_processing" title="Wood processing">wood processing</a>, agriculture and food products, and manufacturing of machinery and electronic devices. </p><p>Latvia's economy has had rapid GDP growth of more than 10% per year during 2006–07, but entered a severe recession in 2009 as a result of an unsustainable current account deficit, collapse of the real estate market, and large debt exposure amid the softening world economy. Triggered by the collapse of <a href="/wiki/Parex_Bank" title="Parex Bank">Parex Bank</a>, the second largest bank, GDP decreased by almost 18% in 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the European Union, the International Monetary Fund, and other international donors provided substantial financial assistance to Latvia as part of an agreement to defend the currency's peg to the euro in exchange for the government's commitment to stringent austerity measures. In 2011 Latvia achieved GDP growth by 5.5%<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and thus Latvia again was among the fastest growing economies in the European Union. The <a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>/EU program successfully concluded in December 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Privatization is mostly complete, except for some of the large state-owned utilities. Export growth contributed to the economic recovery, however, the bulk of the country's economic activity is in the services sector. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_history">Economic history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Economic history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For centuries under <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic</a> and German influence and then during its inter-war independence, Latvia used its geographic location as an important east–west commercial and trading centre. Industry served local markets, while timber, paper and agricultural products were Latvia's main exports. </p><p>Prior to <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Latvia was an advanced manufacturing hub within the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, primarily serving the Russian market.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After attaining independence in 1918, Latvia lost its status as an advanced manufacturing hub.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latvia sought in the interwar period to become an international exporter of food and to re-industrialize.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latvia experienced growth in GDP per capita during the interwar period, although some economic historians have argued that there was stagnation in the period of the authoritarian <a href="/wiki/K%C4%81rlis_Ulmanis" title="Kārlis Ulmanis">Karlis Ulmanis</a> regime (1934–1940).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After reestablishing its independence, Latvia proceeded with market-oriented reforms, albeit at a measured pace. Its freely traded currency, the lat, was introduced in 1993 and held steady, or appreciated, against major world currencies. Inflation was reduced from 958.6% in 1992 to 25% by 1995 and 1.4% by 2002. </p><p>After contracting substantially between 1991 and 1995, the economy steadied in late 1994, led by a recovery in light industry and a boom in commerce and finance. This recovery was interrupted twice, first by a banking crisis and the bankruptcy of <i>Banka Baltija</i>, Latvia's largest bank, in 1995 and second by a severe crisis in the financial system of neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> in 1998. After 2000, Latvian GDP grew by 6–8% a year for 4 consecutive years. Latvia's state budget was balanced in 1997 but the <a href="/wiki/1998_Russian_financial_crisis" title="1998 Russian financial crisis">1998 Russian financial crisis</a> resulted in large deficits, which were reduced from 4% of GDP in 1999 to 1.8% in 2003. These deficits were smaller than in most of the other countries joining the European Union in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until the middle of 2008, Latvia had the fastest developing economy in Europe. In 2003, GDP growth was 7.5% and inflation was 2.9%. The centrally planned system of the Soviet period was replaced with a structure based on free-market principles. In 2005, private sector share in GDP was 70%.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recovery in light industry and <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga's</a> emergence as a regional financial and commercial centre offset shrinkage of the state-owned industrial sector and agriculture. The official unemployment figure was held steady in the 7%–10% range. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_contraction_in_2008–2010"><span id="Economic_contraction_in_2008.E2.80.932010"></span>Economic contraction in 2008–2010</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Economic contraction in 2008–2010"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/2008_Latvian_financial_crisis" title="2008 Latvian financial crisis">2008 Latvian financial crisis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baltic_states_housing_bubble" title="Baltic states housing bubble">Baltic states housing bubble</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">financial crisis of 2007–2008</a> severely disrupted the Latvian economy, primarily as a result of the easy credit bubble that began building up during 2004. The bubble burst leading to a rapidly weakening economy, resulting in a budget, wage and unemployment crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latvia had the worst economic performance in 2009, with annual growth rate averaging −18%. </p><p>The Latvian economy entered a phase of fiscal contraction during the second half of 2008 after an extended period of credit-based speculation and unrealistic inflation of real estate values. The national account deficit for 2007, for example, represented more than 22% of the GDP for the year while inflation was running at 10%.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2009 unemployment rose to 23% and was the highest in the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Paul_Krugman" title="Paul Krugman">Paul Krugman</a>, the Nobel Laureate in economics for 2008, wrote in his <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">New York Times</a></i> Op-Ed column for 15 December 2008: </p><p><i>"The acutest problems are on Europe's periphery, where many smaller economies are experiencing crises strongly reminiscent of past crises in Latin America and Asia: Latvia is the new Argentina".</i><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By August 2009, Latvia's GDP had fallen by 20% year on year, with <a href="/wiki/Standard_%26_Poor%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard & Poor's">Standard & Poor's</a> predicting a further 16% contraction to come. The <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> suggested a <a href="/wiki/Devaluation" title="Devaluation">devaluation</a> of Latvia's currency, but the European Union objected to this, on the grounds that the majority of Latvia's debt was denominated in foreign currencies.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Financial economist <a href="/wiki/Michael_Hudson_(economist)" title="Michael Hudson (economist)">Michael Hudson</a> has advocated for redenominating foreign currency liabilities in Latvian lats before devaluing. </p><p>However, by 2010 there were indications that Latvia's policy of <a href="/wiki/Internal_devaluation" title="Internal devaluation">internal devaluation</a> was successful.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_recovery_2010–2012"><span id="Economic_recovery_2010.E2.80.932012"></span>Economic recovery 2010–2012</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Economic recovery 2010–2012"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The economic situation has since 2010 improved,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by 2012 Latvia was described as a success by IMF managing director Christine Lagarde<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> showing strong growth forecasts. The Latvian economy grew by 5.5% in 2011<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and by 5.6% in 2012 reaching the highest rate of growth in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The GDP surpassed the pre-crisis level in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_issues_2022-23">Economic issues 2022-23</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Economic issues 2022-23"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> in February 2022 caused some economic problems in Latvia. Real GDP growth slowed to 2.8 percent in 2022 from 4.3 percent in 2021. Russia was a major trade partner and EU sanctions impacted this. Dramatic rises in the cost of energy, the need to seek alternative sources of gas and oil as well as logistics issues resulted in inflation averaging 17.2% in 2022 before falling back to single digits in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Privatisation">Privatisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Privatisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Privatisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Privatisation">Privatisation</a> in Latvia is almost complete. Virtually all of the previously state-owned small and medium companies have been privatized, leaving only a small number of politically sensitive large state companies. In particular, the country's main energy and utility company, <a href="/wiki/Latvenergo" title="Latvenergo">Latvenergo</a> remains state-owned and there are no plans to privatize it. The government also holds minority shares in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ventspils_Nafta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ventspils Nafta (page does not exist)">Ventspils Nafta</a> oil transit company and the country's main telecom company <a href="/wiki/Lattelecom" class="mw-redirect" title="Lattelecom">Lattelecom</a> but it plans to relinquish its shares in the near future. </p><p>Foreign investment in Latvia is still modest compared with the levels in north-central Europe. A law expanding the scope for selling land, including land sales to foreigners, was passed in 1997. Representing 10.2% of Latvia's total foreign direct investment, American companies invested $127 million in 1999. In the same year, the United States exported $58.2 million of goods and services to Latvia and imported $87.9 million. Eager to join Western economic institutions like the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a>, <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, Latvia signed a Europe Agreement with the EU in 1995 with a 4-year transition period. Latvia and the United States have signed treaties on investment, trade, and intellectual property protection and avoidance of double taxation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Employment">Employment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Employment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Employed-unemployed_in_Latvia_1996-2017.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Employed-unemployed_in_Latvia_1996-2017.svg/400px-Employed-unemployed_in_Latvia_1996-2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Employed-unemployed_in_Latvia_1996-2017.svg/600px-Employed-unemployed_in_Latvia_1996-2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Employed-unemployed_in_Latvia_1996-2017.svg/800px-Employed-unemployed_in_Latvia_1996-2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Employed-unemployed in Latvia in workforce 15–74 years old (thousand people) 1996-2017 and chain-linked GDP reference year 2010 (bln EUR) Data: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.csb.gov.lv/pxweb/en/Sociala/Sociala__ikgad__nodarb/NB0010.px/table/tableViewLayout2/?rxid=a79839fe-11ba-4ecd-8cc3-4035692c5fc8">Statistics Latvia</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Latvia_average_wage,_2017.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Latvia_average_wage%2C_2017.svg/400px-Latvia_average_wage%2C_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Latvia_average_wage%2C_2017.svg/600px-Latvia_average_wage%2C_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Latvia_average_wage%2C_2017.svg/800px-Latvia_average_wage%2C_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="989" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption> <div style="float: right;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C8007E; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>510-<span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>593</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E148AF; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>594-<span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>676</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F4A1DC; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>677-<span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>759</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FED8F0; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>760-<span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>842</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#E1FFCC; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>843-<span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>925</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ACFA79; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>926-1008</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#6ED81C; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 1009-1091</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#39AA00; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> 1092-1170</div> </div> Average monthly gross wages in cities under state jurisdiction and counties (in euro) 2017. Excluding private sector enterprises with number of employees < 50. Data: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.csb.gov.lv/pxweb/en/Sociala/Sociala__ikgad__dsamaksa/DS0070_euro.px/?rxid=cdcb978c-22b0-416a-aacc-aa650d3e2ce0">Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>Average wages are higher in Riga and Ventspils and their surroundings, with inland border regions lagging behind, mainly the region of Latgale.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sectors">Sectors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sectors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary">Primary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Primary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Latvia" title="Agriculture in Latvia">Agriculture in Latvia</a></div> <p>Latvia produced in 2018: </p> <ul><li>1.4 million tons of <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>;</li> <li>426 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">potato</a>;</li> <li>306 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a>;</li> <li>229 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Rapeseed" title="Rapeseed">rapeseed</a>;</li> <li>188 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Oat" title="Oat">oat</a>;</li> <li>81 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Rye" title="Rye">rye</a>;</li> <li>80 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">bean</a>;</li></ul> <p>In addition to smaller productions of other agricultural products.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Manufacturing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ogres_Knitwear" title="Ogres Knitwear">Ogres Knitwear</a>, since 1965</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Services">Services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Latvia" title="Tourism in Latvia">Tourism in Latvia</a></div> <p>In 2022, the sector with the highest number of companies registered in Latvia is Services with 71,692 companies followed by Retail Trade and Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate with 15,300 and 10,287 companies respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Corporations">Corporations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Corporations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Most_valuable_companies">Most valuable companies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Most valuable companies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Largest Latvian companies by valuation (EUR € billions) according to <a href="/wiki/Prudentia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prudentia">Prudentia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Riga" title="Nasdaq Riga">Nasdaq Riga</a> (2024).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#efefef;"> <th style="text-align:center;">Rank</th> <th style="text-align:center;">Name</th> <th style="text-align:center;">Headquarters</th> <th style="text-align:center;">Valuation<br />(bil. €)</th> <th style="text-align:center;">Industry<br /> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/11px-Steady.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/17px-Steady.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/22px-Steady.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Swedbank" title="Swedbank">Swedbank Baltics</a>, AS</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></td> <td>4.345 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bank" title="Bank">Banking</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/11px-Steady.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/17px-Steady.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/22px-Steady.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Latvenergo" title="Latvenergo">Latvenergo</a>, AS</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>4.024 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">Energy</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>3 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/11px-Steady.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/17px-Steady.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/22px-Steady.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Latvijas_valsts_me%C5%BEi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latvijas valsts meži (page does not exist)">Latvijas valsts meži</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latvijas_valsts_me%C5%BEi" class="extiw" title="lv:Latvijas valsts meži">lv</a>]</span>, AS</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>1.657 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">Forestry</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>4 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/11px-Steady.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/17px-Steady.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/22px-Steady.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/MikroTik" title="MikroTik">Mikrotīkls</a>, SIA</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>0.992 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Networking_hardware" title="Networking hardware">Network equipment</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>5 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/11px-Steady.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/17px-Steady.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/22px-Steady.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Maxima_Group" title="Maxima Group">Maxima Latvija</a>, SIA</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>0.816 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Retail" title="Retail">Retail</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>7 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/SEB_banka" title="SEB banka">SEB banka</a>, AS</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valdlau%C4%8Di&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valdlauči (page does not exist)">Valdlauči</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdlau%C4%8Di" class="extiw" title="lv:Valdlauči">lv</a>]</span></td> <td>0.590 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bank" title="Bank">Banking</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/LMT_(company)" title="LMT (company)">Latvijas Mobilais Telefons</a>, SIA</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>0.560 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_industry" title="Telecommunications industry">Telecommunications</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Citadele_Banka" title="Citadele Banka">Citadele Banka</a>, AS</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>0.507 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bank" title="Bank">Banking</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>10 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Same position"><img alt="Same position" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/11px-Steady.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/17px-Steady.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Steady.svg/22px-Steady.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rimi_Baltic" title="Rimi Baltic">Rimi Latvia</a>, SIA</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>0.499 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Retail" title="Retail">Retail</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>11 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tele2#Latvia" title="Tele2">Tele2</a>, SIA</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>0.425 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Rise"><img alt="Rise" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_industry" title="Telecommunications industry">Telecommunications</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>12 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Elko_Grupa" title="Elko Grupa">Elko Grupa</a>, AS</td> <td style="text-align:left;">Riga</td> <td>0.402 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fall"><img alt="Fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Wholesale" class="mw-redirect" title="Wholesale">Wholesale</a> of <a href="/wiki/Electronics_industry" title="Electronics industry">electronics</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energy">Energy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Energy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Latvia" title="Energy in Latvia">Energy in Latvia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C4%BCavi%C5%86u_HES_ar_atv%C4%93rt%C4%81m_sl%C5%AB%C5%BE%C4%81m.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/P%C4%BCavi%C5%86u_HES_ar_atv%C4%93rt%C4%81m_sl%C5%AB%C5%BE%C4%81m.JPG/220px-P%C4%BCavi%C5%86u_HES_ar_atv%C4%93rt%C4%81m_sl%C5%AB%C5%BE%C4%81m.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/P%C4%BCavi%C5%86u_HES_ar_atv%C4%93rt%C4%81m_sl%C5%AB%C5%BE%C4%81m.JPG/330px-P%C4%BCavi%C5%86u_HES_ar_atv%C4%93rt%C4%81m_sl%C5%AB%C5%BE%C4%81m.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/P%C4%BCavi%C5%86u_HES_ar_atv%C4%93rt%C4%81m_sl%C5%AB%C5%BE%C4%81m.JPG/440px-P%C4%BCavi%C5%86u_HES_ar_atv%C4%93rt%C4%81m_sl%C5%AB%C5%BE%C4%81m.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/P%C4%BCavi%C5%86as_Hydroelectric_Power_Station" title="Pļaviņas Hydroelectric Power Station">Pļaviņas Hydroelectric Power Station</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GDP_per_capita_Baltics.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/GDP_per_capita_Baltics.svg/220px-GDP_per_capita_Baltics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/GDP_per_capita_Baltics.svg/330px-GDP_per_capita_Baltics.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/GDP_per_capita_Baltics.svg/440px-GDP_per_capita_Baltics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Real GPD per capita development of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania</figcaption></figure> <p>Most of <a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Latvia" title="List of power stations in Latvia">Latvian electricity</a> is produced with Hydroelectricity. The largest hydroelectric power stations are <a href="/wiki/P%C4%BCavi%C5%86as_Hydroelectric_Power_Station" title="Pļaviņas Hydroelectric Power Station">Pļaviņas Hydroelectric Power Station</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riga_Hydroelectric_Power_Plant" title="Riga Hydroelectric Power Plant">Riga Hydroelectric Power Plant</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6egums_Hydroelectric_Power_Station" title="Ķegums Hydroelectric Power Station">Ķegums Hydroelectric Power Station</a>. </p><p>In 2017 about 4381 GWh were produced in hydro power and 150 GWh in wind power. There are plans to increase Wind electricity production under the 2021-2030 energy plan. </p><p>Latvia used to import 100% of its <a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_European_energy_sector" title="Russia in the European energy sector">natural gas from Russia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until its import was banned in January 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Latvia" title="Transport in Latvia">Transport in Latvia</a></div> <p>Key ports are located in <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freeport_of_Riga" title="Freeport of Riga">Freeport of Riga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Riga_Passenger_Terminal" title="Riga Passenger Terminal">Riga Passenger Terminal</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ventspils" title="Ventspils">Ventspils</a> (<a href="/wiki/Free_port_of_Ventspils" class="mw-redirect" title="Free port of Ventspils">Free port of Ventspils</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Liep%C4%81ja" title="Liepāja">Liepāja</a> (<a href="/wiki/Port_of_Liep%C4%81ja" title="Port of Liepāja">Port of Liepāja</a>). Most transit traffic uses these and half the cargo is <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">crude oil</a> and oil products. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Railways" title="Latvian Railways">Latvian Railways</a> is the main state-owned railway company in Latvia. Its daughter companies both carry out passengers services as well as carry a large quantity of freight cargo, and freight trains operate over the whole current passenger network, and a number of lines currently closed to passenger services. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Riga_International_Airport" title="Riga International Airport">Riga International Airport</a> is the only major airport in Latvia, carrying around 5 million passengers annually. It is the largest airport in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic state">Baltic states</a> and has direct flights to over 80 destinations in 30 countries. It is also the main hub of <a href="/wiki/AirBaltic" title="AirBaltic">airBaltic</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Tiger" title="Baltic Tiger">Baltic Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_states_housing_bubble" title="Baltic states housing bubble">Baltic states housing bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Europe" title="Economy of Europe">Economy of Europe</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/01/weodata/weoselco.aspx?g=110&sg=All+countries+%2f+Advanced+economies">"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019"</a>. <i>IMF.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.stat.gov.lv&rft.atitle=Population+on+1+December&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.stat.gov.lv%2Fpxweb%2Fen%2FOSP_PUB%2FSTART__POP__IR__IRS%2FIRS010m%2Ftable%2FtableViewLayout1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMFWEOLV-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IMFWEOLV_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2024/October/weo-report?c=941,&s=NGDP,NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPPC,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,LUR,LP,&sy=2024&ey=2024&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"Economy of Latvia: October 2024"</a>. <i>imf.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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BBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=In+Pictures%3A+Latvia+economy+reels+in+recession&rft.date=2010-02-04&rft.aulast=Damien&rft.aufirst=McGuinness&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F8496925.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/latvia/">"Latvia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=European+Crass+Warfare&rft.date=2008-12-15&rft.aulast=Krugman&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F12%2F15%2Fopinion%2F15krugman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans-Pritchard2009" class="citation news cs1">Evans-Pritchard, Ambrose (10 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090813100421/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financetopics/financialcrisis/6006322/SandP-downgrades-Baltic-states-debt-ratings.html">"S&P downgrades Baltic states' debt ratings"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financetopics/financialcrisis/6006322/SandP-downgrades-Baltic-states-debt-ratings.html">the original</a> on 13 August 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=S%26P+downgrades+Baltic+states%27+debt+ratings&rft.date=2009-08-10&rft.aulast=Evans-Pritchard&rft.aufirst=Ambrose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Ffinancetopics%2Ffinancialcrisis%2F6006322%2FSandP-downgrades-Baltic-states-debt-ratings.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306025950/http://bbn.ee/article/2010/02/08/moody_s_latvian_economy_is_stabilizing">"Baltic Business News, 8 February 2010"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbn.ee/article/2010/02/08/Moody_s_Latvian_economy_is_stabilizing">the original</a> on 6 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Baltic+Business+News%2C+8+February+2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbn.ee%2Farticle%2F2010%2F02%2F08%2FMoody_s_Latvian_economy_is_stabilizing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbn.ee/article/2010/02/08/Moody_s_Latvian_economy_is_stabilizing">Moody's: Latvian economy is stabilizing</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306025950/http://bbn.ee/article/2010/02/08/moody_s_latvian_economy_is_stabilizing">Archived</a> 6 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Baltic Business News, Retrieved on 3 September 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leta.lv/eng/home/important/619F6516-7334-4B81-B10C-8D4FA60B09EF/">Those who change will endure – IMF managing director</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190810223959/http://www.leta.lv/eng/home/important/619F6516-7334-4B81-B10C-8D4FA60B09EF/">Archived</a> 10 August 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/LETA" title="LETA">LETA</a> Retrieved on 5 June 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.danskebanka.lv/en/about/press/2012/danske-bank-expect-latvian-gdp-to-grow/">Danske Bank: we expect Latvian GDP to grow by 2.0% y/y in 2012</a> Retrieved on 3 September 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macroeconomics.lv/gdp-growth-latvia-56-fastest-europe-growth-moderate-year">GDP growth in Latvia, at 5.6%, the fastest in Europe; growth to moderate this year</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022124109/http://www.macroeconomics.lv/gdp-growth-latvia-56-fastest-europe-growth-moderate-year">Archived</a> 22 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.KD?locations=LV">"GDP (constant 2015 US$) – Latvia | Data"</a>. <i>data.worldbank.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.worldbank.org&rft.atitle=GDP+%28constant+2015+US%24%29+%E2%80%93+Latvia+%7C+Data&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FNY.GDP.MKTP.KD%3Flocations%3DLV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2023/06/13/mcs061323-republic-of-latvia-staff-concluding-statement-2023-article-iv-mission">"Republic of Latvia: Staff Concluding Statement of the 2023 Article IV Mission"</a>. 13 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republic+of+Latvia%3A+Staff+Concluding+Statement+of+the+2023+Article+IV+Mission&rft.date=2023-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FNews%2FArticles%2F2023%2F06%2F13%2Fmcs061323-republic-of-latvia-staff-concluding-statement-2023-article-iv-mission&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20230409183306/https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Average-monthly-salary-in-euro-of-employed-people-in-Latvia-2019-Source-Central_fig5_352781284">"Figure 5. Average monthly salary (in euro) of employed people in Latvia..."</a> <i>ResearchGate</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Average-monthly-salary-in-euro-of-employed-people-in-Latvia-2019-Source-Central_fig5_352781284">the original</a> on 9 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ResearchGate&rft.atitle=Figure+5.+Average+monthly+salary+%28in+euro%29+of+employed+people+in+Latvia...&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Ffigure%2FAverage-monthly-salary-in-euro-of-employed-people-in-Latvia-2019-Source-Central_fig5_352781284&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC/">Latvia production in 2018, by FAO</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hithorizons.com/eu/analyses/country-statistics/latvia">"Industry Breakdown of Companies in Latvia"</a>. <i>HitHorizons</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HitHorizons&rft.atitle=Industry+Breakdown+of+Companies+in+Latvia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hithorizons.com%2Feu%2Fanalyses%2Fcountry-statistics%2Flatvia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Latvia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://top101.lv/en/">https://top101.lv/en/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e3g.org/docs/E3G_Trends_EU_Gas_Demand_June2015_Final_110615.pdf">Europe's Declining Gas Demand: Trends and Facts about European Gas Consumption – June 2015</a>". (PDF). p.9. <a href="/wiki/E3G" title="E3G">E3G</a>. Source: Eurostat, Eurogas, E3G.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Latvia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/doc/20091116/rizga/single">Latvia's Tiger Economy Loses Its Bite</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100425051937/http://www.thenation.com/doc/20091116/rizga/single">Archived</a> 25 April 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by Kristina Rizga, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a></i>, 28 October 2009</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepr.net/documents/publications/latvia-2011-12.pdf">Latvia's Internal Devaluation: A Success Story?</a>, from the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Economic_and_Policy_Research" title="Center for Economic and Policy Research">Center for Economic and Policy Research</a>, December 2011</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/eu/countries/latvia_en.htm">European Commission's DG ECFIN's country page on Latvia.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/Country/LVA/Year/2012/Summary">World Bank Summary Trade Statistics 2012</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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culture">Kunda culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narva_culture" title="Narva culture">Narva culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corded_Ware_culture" title="Corded Ware culture">Corded Ware culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terra_Mariana" title="Terra Mariana">Terra Mariana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Livonia" title="Kingdom of Livonia">Kingdom of Livonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Livonia" title="Swedish Livonia">Swedish Livonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inflanty_Voivodeship" title="Inflanty Voivodeship">Polish Livonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Livonia" title="Governorate of Livonia">Russian Livonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_Latvian_National_Awakening" class="mw-redirect" title="The First Latvian National Awakening">The First Latvian National Awakening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Current" title="New Current">New Current</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Riflemen" title="Latvian Riflemen">Latvian Riflemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_War_of_Independence" title="Latvian War of Independence">War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Latvia_in_1940" title="Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940">Occupation by the Soviet Union (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Latvia_by_Nazi_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupation of Latvia by Nazi Germany">by Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_re-occupation_of_Latvia_in_1944" title="Soviet re-occupation of Latvia in 1944">by the Soviet Union (1944)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Latvia" title="The Holocaust in Latvia">Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_deportations_from_Latvia" title="Soviet deportations from Latvia">Soviet deportations from Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_war_in_the_Baltic_states" title="Guerrilla war in the Baltic states">Guerrilla war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_partisans" title="Latvian partisans">Latvian partisans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic 1944–1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Restoration_of_Independence_of_the_Republic_of_Latvia" title="On the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Latvia#Modern_history" title="History of Latvia">Post independence</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Coat_of_arms_of_Latvia_%282%29.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Latvia_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Coat_of_arms_of_Latvia_%282%29.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Latvia_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Latvia" title="List of protected areas of Latvia">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Latvia" title="List of rivers of Latvia">Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Latvia" title="Politics of Latvia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Latvia" title="Administrative divisions of Latvia">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Latvia" title="Constitution of Latvia">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Latvia" title="Elections in Latvia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Latvia" title="Foreign relations of Latvia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Latvia" title="Government of Latvia">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_institutions_in_Latvia" title="Government institutions in Latvia">Government institutions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Latvia" title="Human rights in Latvia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Latvia">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy_in_Latvia" title="Language policy in Latvia">Language policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Latvia" title="Law enforcement in Latvia">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Latvia">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Latvia" title="List of political parties in Latvia">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Latvia" title="President of Latvia">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Latvia" title="Prime Minister of Latvia">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeima" title="Saeima"><i>Saeima</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(parliament)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistical_regions_of_Latvia" title="Statistical regions of Latvia">Statistical regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Latvia" title="Agriculture in Latvia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Latvia" title="Bank of Latvia">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Latvia" title="Energy in Latvia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_euro_coins" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvian euro coins">Latvian euro coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riga_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Riga Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Latvia" title="Tourism in Latvia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Latvia" title="Telecommunications in Latvia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Latvia" title="Transport in Latvia">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Latvian_financial_crisis" title="2008 Latvian financial crisis">2008 financial crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Latvia" title="Category:Society of 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name">Latvian names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_literature" title="Latvian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Latvia" title="Music of Latvia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_mythology" title="Latvian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_pottery" title="Latvian pottery">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Latvia" title="Sport in Latvia">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Latvia" title="Television in Latvia">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Latvia" title="Outline of Latvia">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Latvia" title="Category:Latvia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Latvia" 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title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:European_Union_main_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/European_Union_main_map.svg/80px-European_Union_main_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/European_Union_main_map.svg/120px-European_Union_main_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/European_Union_main_map.svg/160px-European_Union_main_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Potential_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="Potential enlargement of the European Union">Potential enlargement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_from_the_European_Union" title="Withdrawal from the European Union">Former members</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Economy_of_Europe122" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economy_of_Europe" title="Template:Economy of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economy_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Economy of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economy_of_Europe122" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Europe" title="Economy of Europe">Economy of Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Andorra" title="Economy of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Azerbaijan" title="Economy of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belarus" title="Economy of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary" title="Economy of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Economy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Monaco" title="Economy of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Montenegro" title="Economy of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_San_Marino" title="Economy of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Serbia" title="Economy of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Switzerland" title="Economy of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vatican_City" title="Economy of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Abkhazia" title="Economy of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kosovo" title="Economy of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Economy of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_%C3%85land" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Economy of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gibraltar" title="Economy of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Economy of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jersey" title="Economy of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Svalbard" title="Economy of Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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