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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Casson" title="Lionel Casson – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lionel Casson" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Casson" title="Lionel Casson – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lionel Casson" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Casson" title="Lionel Casson – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lionel Casson" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Casson" title="Lionel Casson – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lionel Casson" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Casson" title="Lionel Casson – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lionel Casson" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86" title="ليونيل كاسون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليونيل كاسون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" 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style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Lionel Casson</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Lionel I. Cohen<br />July 22, 1914<br /><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">July 18, 2009<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend dday deathdate">2009-07-19</span>)</span> (aged 94)<br />New York City</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Classicist" class="mw-redirect" title="Classicist">classicist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lionel Casson</b> (July 22, 1914 – July 18, 2009) was a <a href="/wiki/Classicist" class="mw-redirect" title="Classicist">classicist</a>, professor emeritus at <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a specialist in <a href="/wiki/Maritime_history" title="Maritime history">maritime history</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AIA_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He earned his B.A. in 1934 at New York University, and in 1936 became an assistant professor. He later earned his Ph.D. there during 1939.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2005 he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Institute_of_America" title="Archaeological Institute of America">Archaeological Institute of America</a> <a href="/wiki/Gold_Medal_of_the_Archaeological_Institute_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Medal of the Archaeological Institute of America">Gold Medal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AIA_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_years">Early years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Casson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born <b>Lionel I. Cohen</b> on July 22, 1914, in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, and later changed his last name to "Casson". As a teenager he owned a sailboat that he would use on <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Sound" title="Long Island Sound">Long Island Sound</a>. He attended <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> for all of his collegiate studies, earning a bachelor's degree there in 1934, a master's in 1936 and his <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">Ph.D.</a> in 1939 and was employed at NYU as an instructor. He served as an officer of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, responsible for the interrogation of <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war">prisoners of war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After completing his military service, Casson returned to NYU, where he served as a professor of classics from 1961 to 1979. The author of 23 books on maritime history and <a href="/wiki/Classic_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Classic literature">classic literature</a>, Casson used ancient material ranging from <a href="/wiki/Demosthenes" title="Demosthenes">Demosthenes</a>'s speeches and works by <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a> to cargo manifests and archeological studies of ancient shipwrecks and the contents of the <a href="/wiki/Amphora" title="Amphora">amphorae</a> they carried to develop a framework for the development of shipbuilding, maritime trade routes and naval warfare in the ancient world.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classics">Classics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Casson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Classics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a 2005 speech to the <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Institute_of_America" title="Archaeological Institute of America">Archaeological Institute of America</a> accepting its Gold Medal, Casson recalled a visit to <a href="/wiki/Southern_France" title="Southern France">Southern France</a> in 1953 when he had the opportunity to visit <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Yves_Cousteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques-Yves Cousteau">Jacques-Yves Cousteau</a>, who was performing an investigation of an ancient shipwreck. Once he visited the warehouse with the hundreds of amphorae that had been brought to the surface, Casson said that he immediately knew that he "was in on the beginning of a totally new source of information about ancient maritime matters and I determined then and there to exploit it" and integrate this new trove of data with the information he had been able to assemble from ancient writings.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His 1959 book <i>The Ancient Mariners: Seafarers and Sea Fighters of the Mediterranean in Ancient Times</i> told how civilizations along the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> began by having their ships travel along the coast and then advanced to voyages across the sea, far from the sight of shore. Commerce and military ventures resulted in journeys to such remote locales as <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> with more specialized crafts designed that expanded the original flat-bottomed boats into vessels such as the <a href="/wiki/Trireme" title="Trireme">trireme</a> propelled by hundreds of oarsmen to speeds of seven knots by its 170 oars. <i>Illustrated History of Ships and Boats</i>, published by <a href="/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a> in 1964, provided a history of boats from ancient craft carved from wood or made from animal skins up to the day's most modern <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_submarine" title="Nuclear submarine">nuclear submarines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a> published Casson's 2001 book <i>Libraries in the Ancient World</i> that uses references in ancient works and archeological evidence in the Middle East and the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_world" title="Greco-Roman world">Greco-Roman world</a> to follow the development of writing, the creation of the first books and the process of copying them by hand and assembling them into libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the book, Casson puts <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> at the top of a most-popular author list, "with the <i><a href="/wiki/Iliad" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> favored over the <i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i>" on his best-seller list.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He documents the transitions from clay tablets, to papyrus and parchment scrolls, and the development of the <a href="/wiki/Codex" title="Codex">codex</a> as the precursor of the modern book. Casson rejects the accepted wisdom that the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Alexandria" title="Library of Alexandria">Library of Alexandria</a> was destroyed in 48 BC and argues that evidence shows that it continued in existence until 270 AD during the reign of Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was a member of the all-male literary banqueting club the <a href="/wiki/Trap_Door_Spiders" title="Trap Door Spiders">Trap Door Spiders</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Casson died of <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> at age 94 on July 18, 2009. He was survived by his wife, the former Julia Michelman, as well as two daughters and two grandchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTObit_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTObit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Casson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Casson, Lionel (1959). <i>The Ancient Mariners : Seafarers and Sea Fighters of the Mediterranean in Ancient Times</i>. Victor Gollancz.</li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1991). <i>The Ancient Mariners</i> (Second Edition). Princeton University Press. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-01477-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-01477-9">0-691-01477-9</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1960). <i>Masters of Ancient Comedy</i>. The MacMillan Co.</li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1980). <i>Masters of Ancient Comedy: Selections from Aristophanes, Menander, Plautus, Terence</i>. Funk & Wagnalls Co. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-308-60016-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-308-60016-9">0-308-60016-9</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1962). <i>Selected Satires of Lucian</i>. (Translated and edited by Casson.)</li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1964). <i>Illustrated History of Ships & Boats</i>. Doubleday & Company, Inc.</li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1974). <i>Travel in the Ancient World</i>. George Allen & Unwin Ltd.</li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1994). <i>Travel in the Ancient World</i> (Second Edition). The Johns Hopkins University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-4808-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-4808-3">0-8018-4808-3</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1975). <i>The Horizon Book of Daily Life in Ancient Rome</i>. Simon & Schuster. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-010216-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-010216-3">0-07-010216-3</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1999). <i>Everyday Life in Ancient Rome</i> (Revised and Expanded Edition). The Johns Hopkins University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-5992-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-5992-1">0-8018-5992-1</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1977). <i>Mysteries of the Past</i>. American Heritage Publishing Co.</li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1983). <i>Great Ages of Man: Ancient Egypt</i>. Random House Value Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-41233-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-41233-0">0-517-41233-0</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (1995). <i>Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World</i>. The Johns Hopkins University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-5130-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-5130-0">0-8018-5130-0</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (2001). <i>Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt</i> (Revised and Expanded Edition). The Johns Hopkins University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-6601-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-6601-4">0-8018-6601-4</a></li> <li>Casson, Lionel (2002). <i>Libraries in the Ancient World</i> (New Edition). Yale University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-09721-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-09721-2">0-300-09721-2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Casson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyu.edu/cas/dept/clas.htm">Classics - New York University</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AIA-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AIA_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AIA_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229231632/http://www.archaeology.org/0503/etc/casson.html">"Professor Lionel Casson's Acceptance Speech to the AIA"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeology.org/0503/etc/casson.html">the original</a> on 2012-02-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professor+Lionel+Casson%27s+Acceptance+Speech+to+the+AIA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archaeology.org%2F0503%2Fetc%2Fcasson.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALionel+Casson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402072209/https://www.archaeological.org/lionelcasson%e2%80%942005goldmedalawarddistinguishedarchaeologicalachievement">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Lionel Casson— 2005 Gold Medal Award for Distinguished Archaeological Achievement"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeological.org/lionelcasson%E2%80%942005goldmedalawarddistinguishedarchaeologicalachievement">the original</a> on 2019-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-11-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Lionel+Casson%E2%80%94+2005+Gold+Medal+Award+for+Distinguished+Archaeological+Achievement%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archaeological.org%2Flionelcasson%25E2%2580%25942005goldmedalawarddistinguishedarchaeologicalachievement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALionel+Casson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTObit-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTObit_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hevesi, Dennis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/25/nyregion/25casson.html">"Lionel Casson, Who Wrote of Ancient Maritime History, Dies at 94"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, July 24, 2009. Accessed July 29, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Staff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeology.org/0503/etc/casson.html">"Professor Lionel Casson's Acceptance Speech to the AIA, January 8, 2005"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229231632/http://www.archaeology.org/0503/etc/casson.html">Archived</a> February 29, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_(magazine)" title="Archaeology (magazine)">Archaeology (magazine)</a></i>, March / April 2005. Accessed July 29, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Staff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121026084307/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-79354023.html">"Review of <i>Libraries in the Ancient World</i>"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Contemporary Review">Contemporary Review</a></i>, September 1, 2001. Accessed July 29, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kakutani, Michiko. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/07/11/books/books-of-the-times-shh-there-s-no-talking-in-the-papyrus-section.html">"BOOKS OF THE TIMES; Shh! There's No Talking In the Papyrus Section"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, July 11, 2002. Accessed July 29, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Asimov, Isaac. <i>I. Asimov, a Memoir</i>, New York, Doubleday, 1994, pp. 377–378.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_Casson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lionel_Casson" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lionel Casson">Lionel Casson</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/rn/arts/ling/stories/s338204.htm">Interview with Lingua Franca on Libraries in the Ancient World</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Journals/TAPA/82/Speed_under_Sail_of_Ancient_Ships*.html">Speed under sail of ancient ships</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.wfmu.org/freeform/2007/08/365-days-236---.html">Radio interview on book Illustrated History Of Ships And Boats</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81203#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81203#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/123743915">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50034387">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11895454s">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11895454s">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00677034">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Casson, Lionel"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV052722">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35026493">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20010602536&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX842748">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/434521">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070954712">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90694686">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000102833&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000231663">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=63391">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200102360">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/75kmp5rr18s75dg">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810700229605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/156834">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007259556605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058613061206706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14654302">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01948047?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/800098">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/123743915">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026771020">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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