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making units (DMUs)</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: decision making units (DMUs)"> <meta name="keywords" content="decision making units (DMUs)"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="decision making units (DMUs)"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 8258</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: decision making units (DMUs)</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8258</span> Ranking All of the Efficient DMUs in DEA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elahe%20Sarfi">Elahe Sarfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmat%20Noroozi"> Esmat Noroozi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Hosseinzadeh%20Lotfi"> Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the important issues in Data Envelopment Analysis is the ranking of Decision Making Units. In this paper, a method for ranking DMUs is presented through which the weights related to efficient units should be chosen in a way that the other units preserve a certain percentage of their efficiency with the mentioned weights. To this end, a model is presented for ranking DMUs on the base of their superefficiency by considering the mentioned restrictions related to weights. This percentage can be determined by decision Maker. If the specific percentage is unsuitable, we can find a suitable and feasible one for ranking DMUs accordingly. Furthermore, the presented model is capable of ranking all of the efficient units including nonextreme efficient ones. Finally, the presented models are utilized for two sets of data and related results are reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="data envelopment analysis">data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ranking" title=" ranking"> ranking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight" title=" weight "> weight </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30482/ranking-all-of-the-efficient-dmus-in-dea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8257</span> Fuzzy Multi-Component DEA with Shared and Undesirable Fuzzy Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jolly%20Puri">Jolly Puri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiv%20Prasad%20Yadav"> Shiv Prasad Yadav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multi-component data envelopment analysis (MC-DEA) is a popular technique for measuring aggregate performance of the decision making units (DMUs) along with their components. However, the conventional MC-DEA is limited to crisp input and output data which may not always be available in exact form. In real life problems, data may be imprecise or fuzzy. Therefore, in this paper, we propose (i) a fuzzy MC-DEA (FMC-DEA) model in which shared and undesirable fuzzy resources are incorporated, (ii) the proposed FMC-DEA model is transformed into a pair of crisp models using cut approach, (iii) fuzzy aggregate performance of a DMU and fuzzy efficiencies of components are defined to be fuzzy numbers, and (iv) a numerical example is illustrated to validate the proposed approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-component%20DEA" title="multi-component DEA">multi-component DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20multi-component%20DEA" title=" fuzzy multi-component DEA"> fuzzy multi-component DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20resources" title=" fuzzy resources"> fuzzy resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20units%20%28DMUs%29" title=" decision making units (DMUs)"> decision making units (DMUs)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9809/fuzzy-multi-component-dea-with-shared-and-undesirable-fuzzy-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8256</span> Fuzzy Total Factor Productivity by Credibility Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shivi%20Agarwal">Shivi Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trilok%20Mathur"> Trilok Mathur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes the method to measure the total factor productivity (TFP) change by credibility theory for fuzzy input and output variables. Total factor productivity change has been widely studied with crisp input and output variables, however, in some cases, input and output data of decision-making units (DMUs) can be measured with uncertainty. These data can be represented as linguistic variable characterized by fuzzy numbers. Malmquist productivity index (MPI) is widely used to estimate the TFP change by calculating the total factor productivity of a DMU for different time periods using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The fuzzy DEA (FDEA) model is solved using the credibility theory. The results of FDEA is used to measure the TFP change for fuzzy input and output variables. Finally, numerical examples are presented to illustrate the proposed method to measure the TFP change input and output variables. The suggested methodology can be utilized for performance evaluation of DMUs and help to assess the level of integration. The methodology can also apply to rank the DMUs and can find out the DMUs that are lagging behind and make recommendations as to how they can improve their performance to bring them at par with other DMUs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chance-constrained%20programming" title="chance-constrained programming">chance-constrained programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=credibility%20theory" title=" credibility theory"> credibility theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" data envelopment analysis"> data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20data" title=" fuzzy data"> fuzzy data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malmquist%20productivity%20index" title=" Malmquist productivity index "> Malmquist productivity index </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51081/fuzzy-total-factor-productivity-by-credibility-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8255</span> Non-parametric Linear Technique for Measuring the Efficiency of Winter Road Maintenance in the Arctic Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahshid%20Hatamzad">Mahshid Hatamzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geanette%20Polanco"> Geanette Polanco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improving the performance of Winter Road Maintenance (WRM) can increase the traffic safety and reduce the cost as well as environmental impacts. This study evaluates the efficiency of WRM technique, named salting, in the Arctic area by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is a non-parametric linear method to measure the efficiencies of decision-making units (DMUs) based on handling multiple inputs and multiple outputs at the same time that their associated weights are not known. Here, roads are considered as DMUs for which the efficiency must be determined. The three input variables considered are traffic flow, road area and WRM cost. In addition, the two output variables included are level of safety in the roads and environment impacts resulted from WRM, which is also considered as an uncontrollable factor in the second scenario. The results show the performance of DMUs from the most efficient WRM to the inefficient/least efficient one and this information provides decision makers with technical support and the required suggested improvements for inefficient WRM, in order to achieve a cost-effective WRM and a safe road transportation during wintertime in the Arctic areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impacts" title="environmental impacts">environmental impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title=" DEA"> DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20and%20safety" title=" risk and safety"> risk and safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WRM" title=" WRM"> WRM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110314/non-parametric-linear-technique-for-measuring-the-efficiency-of-winter-road-maintenance-in-the-arctic-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8254</span> Second Order Cone Optimization Approach to Two-stage Network DEA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Asanimoghadam">K. Asanimoghadam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Salahi"> M. Salahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Jamalian"> A. Jamalian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data envelopment analysis is an approach to measure the efficiency of decision making units with multiple inputs and outputs. The structure of many decision making units also has decision-making subunits that are not considered in most data envelopment analysis models. Also, the inputs and outputs of the decision-making units usually are considered desirable, while in some real-world problems, the nature of some inputs or outputs are undesirable. In this thesis, we study the evaluation of the efficiency of two stage decision-making units, where some outputs are undesirable using two non-radial models, the SBM and the ASBM models. We formulate the nonlinear ASBM model as a second order cone optimization problem. Finally, we compare two models for both external and internal evaluation approaches for two real world example in the presence of undesirable outputs. The results show that, in both external and internal evaluations, the overall efficiency of ASBM model is greater than or equal to the overall efficiency value of the SBM model, and in internal evaluation, the ASBM model is more flexible than the SBM model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20DEA" title="network DEA">network DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conic%20optimization" title=" conic optimization"> conic optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undesirable%20output" title=" undesirable output"> undesirable output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SBM" title=" SBM"> SBM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141215/second-order-cone-optimization-approach-to-two-stage-network-dea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8253</span> Improving the Analytical Power of Dynamic DEA Models, by the Consideration of the Shape of the Distribution of Inputs/Outputs Data: A Linear Piecewise Decomposition Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elias%20K.%20Maragos">Elias K. Maragos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petros%20E.%20Maravelakis"> Petros E. Maravelakis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis (DDEA), which is a subfield of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the productivity of Decision Making Units (DMUs) is considered in relation to time. In this case, as it is accepted by the most of the researchers, there are outputs, which are produced by a DMU to be used as inputs in a future time. Those outputs are known as intermediates. The common models, in DDEA, do not take into account the shape of the distribution of those inputs, outputs or intermediates data, assuming that the distribution of the virtual value of them does not deviate from linearity. This weakness causes the limitation of the accuracy of the analytical power of the traditional DDEA models. In this paper, the authors, using the concept of piecewise linear inputs and outputs, propose an extended DDEA model. The proposed model increases the flexibility of the traditional DDEA models and improves the measurement of the dynamic performance of DMUs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dynamic%20Data%20Envelopment%20Analysis" title="Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis">Dynamic Data Envelopment Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DDEA" title=" DDEA"> DDEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piecewise%20linear%20inputs" title=" piecewise linear inputs"> piecewise linear inputs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piecewise%20linear%20outputs" title=" piecewise linear outputs"> piecewise linear outputs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86963/improving-the-analytical-power-of-dynamic-dea-models-by-the-consideration-of-the-shape-of-the-distribution-of-inputsoutputs-data-a-linear-piecewise-decomposition-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8252</span> Efficiency Measurement of Indian Sugar Manufacturing Firms - a DEA Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Kumar%20Dwivedi">Amit Kumar Dwivedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyanko%20Ghosh"> Priyanko Ghosh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data Envelopment analysis (DEA) has been used to calculate the technical and scale efficiency measures of the public and private sugar manufacturing firms of the Indian Sugar Industry (2006 to 2010). Within DEA framework, the input & Output oriented Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) & Constant Return to Scale (CRS) model is employed for the study of Decision making units (DMUs). A representative sample of 43 firms which account for major portion of the total market share is studied. The selection criterion for the inclusion of a firm in the analysis was the total sales of INR 5,000 million or more in the year 2010. After reviewing the literature it is found that no study has been conducted in the context of Indian sugar manufacturing firms in the Post-liberalization era which motivates us to initiate the study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20efficiency" title="technical efficiency">technical efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20sugar%20manufacturing%20units" title=" Indian sugar manufacturing units"> Indian sugar manufacturing units</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title=" DEA"> DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input%20output%20oriented" title=" input output oriented "> input output oriented </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25006/efficiency-measurement-of-indian-sugar-manufacturing-firms-a-dea-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8251</span> Finding Data Envelopment Analysis Target Using the Multiple Objective Linear Programming Structure in Full Fuzzy Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raziyeh%20Shamsi">Raziyeh Shamsi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a multiple objective linear programming (MOLP) problem in full fuzzy case and find Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) targets. In the presented model, we are seeking the least inputs and the most outputs in the production possibility set (PPS) with the variable return to scale (VRS) assumption, so that the efficiency projection is obtained for all decision making units (DMUs). Then, we provide an algorithm for finding DEA targets interactively in the full fuzzy case, which solves the full fuzzy problem without defuzzification. Owing to the use of interactive methods, the targets obtained by our algorithm are more applicable, more realistic, and they are according to the wish of the decision maker. Finally, an application of the algorithm in 21 educational institutions is provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title="DEA">DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOLP" title=" MOLP"> MOLP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=full%20fuzzy" title=" full fuzzy"> full fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=target" title=" target"> target</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57108/finding-data-envelopment-analysis-target-using-the-multiple-objective-linear-programming-structure-in-full-fuzzy-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8250</span> Variable Selection in a Data Envelopment Analysis Model by Multiple Proportions Comparison</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jirawan%20Jitthavech">Jirawan Jitthavech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vichit%20Lorchirachoonkul"> Vichit Lorchirachoonkul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A statistical procedure using multiple comparisons test for proportions is proposed for variable selection in a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The test statistic in the multiple comparisons is the proportion of efficient decision making units (DMUs) in a DEA model. Three methods of multiple comparisons test for proportions: multiple Z tests with Bonferroni correction, multiple tests in 2Xc crosstabulation and the Marascuilo procedure, are used in the proposed statistical procedure of iteratively eliminating the variables in a backward manner. Two simulation populations of moderately and lowly correlated variables are used to compare the results of the statistical procedure using three methods of multiple comparisons test for proportions with the hypothesis testing of the efficiency contribution measure. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that the proposed statistical procedure using multiple Z tests for proportions with Bonferroni correction clearly outperforms the proposed statistical procedure using the remaining two methods of multiple comparisons and the hypothesis testing of the efficiency contribution measure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bonferroni%20correction" title="Bonferroni correction">Bonferroni correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficient%20DMUs" title=" efficient DMUs"> efficient DMUs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marascuilo%20procedure" title=" Marascuilo procedure"> Marascuilo procedure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pastor%20et%20al.%20method" title=" Pastor et al. method"> Pastor et al. method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2xc%20crosstabulation" title=" 2xc crosstabulation"> 2xc crosstabulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62964/variable-selection-in-a-data-envelopment-analysis-model-by-multiple-proportions-comparison" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8249</span> Decision Traps of Military Leaders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Ali%20Turk">Ahmet Ali Turk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhterem%20Bayram"> Muhterem Bayram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, it is intended to determine that what kind of traps military leaders fall into during the decision making and how they make take a measure against them. In the study, the domestic and foreign literature on the military leadership has been reviewed and military decision-making process of the different countries has been introduced and study has been designed by making interviews as a sample with 50 people who had made military leadership. The issues resulting from the literature review that led to wrong decisions of military leaders and the points obtained as a result of interview have been evaluated by comparing. As a result, it has been emerged that the personnel who have made especially military leadership are in tendency of making the wrong decision due to decision traps such as excessive self-confidence, lack of experience, unplanned movement, hasty decision making and prohibitive conditions and also the need for increased situational awareness about this condition has been emerged. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=military%20leadership" title="military leadership">military leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=military%20decision%20making" title=" military decision making"> military decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=military%20decision%20making%20traps" title=" military decision making traps"> military decision making traps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47680/decision-traps-of-military-leaders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8248</span> An Output Oriented Super-Efficiency Model for Considering Time Lag Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanshuang%20Zhang">Yanshuang Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungho%20Jeong"> Byungho Jeong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There exists some time lag between the consumption of inputs and the production of outputs. This time lag effect should be considered in calculating efficiency of decision making units (DMU). Recently, a couple of DEA models were developed for considering time lag effect in efficiency evaluation of research activities. However, these models can’t discriminate efficient DMUs because of the nature of basic DEA model in which efficiency scores are limited to ‘1’. This problem can be resolved a super-efficiency model. However, a super efficiency model sometimes causes infeasibility problem. This paper suggests an output oriented super-efficiency model for efficiency evaluation under the consideration of time lag effect. A case example using a long term research project is given to compare the suggested model with the MpO model <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title="DEA">DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Super-efficiency" title=" Super-efficiency"> Super-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Time%20Lag" title=" Time Lag"> Time Lag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20activities" title=" research activities"> research activities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21208/an-output-oriented-super-efficiency-model-for-considering-time-lag-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21208.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">657</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8247</span> Decision Making under Strict Uncertainty: Case Study in Sewer Network Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhen%20Wu">Zhen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Lupien%20St-Pierre"> David Lupien St-Pierre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georges%20Abdul-Nour"> Georges Abdul-Nour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In decision making under strict uncertainty, decision makers have to choose a decision without any information about the states of nature. The classic criteria of Laplace, Wald, Savage, Hurwicz and Starr are introduced and compared in a case study of sewer network planning. Furthermore, results from different criteria are discussed and analyzed. Moreover, this paper discusses the idea that decision making under strict uncertainty (DMUSU) can be viewed as a two-player game and thus be solved by a solution concept in game theory: Nash equilibrium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20criteria" title="decision criteria">decision criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewer%20network%20planning" title=" sewer network planning"> sewer network planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strict%20uncertainty" title=" strict uncertainty"> strict uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64139/decision-making-under-strict-uncertainty-case-study-in-sewer-network-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64139.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">559</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8246</span> Carrying Out the Steps of Decision Making Process in Concrete Organization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eva%20%C5%A0t%C4%9Bp%C3%A1nkov%C3%A1">Eva Štěpánková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The decision-making process is theoretically clearly defined. Generally, it includes the problem identification and analysis, data gathering, goals and criteria setting, alternatives development and optimal alternative choice and its implementation. In practice however, various modifications of the theoretical decision-making process can occur. The managers can consider some of the phases to be too complicated or unfeasible and thus they do not carry them out and conversely some of the steps can be overestimated. The aim of the paper is to reveal and characterize the perception of the individual phases of decision-making process by the managers. The research is concerned with managers in the military environment–commanders. Quantitative survey is focused cross-sectionally in the individual levels of management of the Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. On the total number of 135 respondents the analysis focuses on which of the decision-making process phases are problematic or not carried out in practice and which are again perceived to be the easiest. Then it is examined the reasons of the findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title="decision making">decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20process" title=" decision making process"> decision making process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20problems" title=" decision problems"> decision problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20organization" title=" concrete organization"> concrete organization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19379/carrying-out-the-steps-of-decision-making-process-in-concrete-organization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8245</span> Strategic Decision Making Practice in Croatia: Which Decision Making Style is More Effective?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Bulog">Ivana Bulog</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Decision making is a vital part of the business world and any other field of human endeavor. Which way a business organization will take, and where that way will lead it, depends on broad range of decisions made by managers in the managerial structure. Strategic decisions are of the greatest importance for organizational success. Although much empirical research has been done trying to describe and explain its nature and effectiveness, knowledge about strategic decision making is still incomplete. This paper explores the nature of strategic decision making in particular setting - in Croatian companies. The main focus of this research is on the style that decision makers on strategic management level are following when making decisions of life importance for their companies. Two main decision making style that explain the way decision maker collects and processes available information and performs all the activities in strategic decision making process were empirical tested: rational and intuitive one. Besides analyzing their existence on strategic management level in Croatian companies, their effectiveness is analyzed as well. Results showed that decision makers at strategic management level are following both styles somewhat equally in order to function effectively, and that intuitive style is more effective when considering decisions outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20style" title="decision making style">decision making style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20effectiveness" title=" decision making effectiveness"> decision making effectiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20decisions" title=" strategic decisions"> strategic decisions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20sciences" title=" management sciences"> management sciences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7599/strategic-decision-making-practice-in-croatia-which-decision-making-style-is-more-effective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8244</span> Adolescents’ Role in Family Buying Decision Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harleen%20Kaur">Harleen Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepika%20Jindal%20Singla"> Deepika Jindal Singla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Buying decision making is a complicated process, in which consumer’s decision is under the impact of others. The buying decision making is directed in a way that they have to act as customers in the society. Media and family are key socialising agents for adolescents’. Moreover, changes in the socio-cultural environment in India necessitate that adolescents’ influence in family’s buying decision-making should be investigated. In comparison to Western society, Indian is quite different, when compared in terms of family composition and structure, behaviour, values and norms which effect adolescents’ buying decision-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buying%20behavior" title=" buying behavior"> buying behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20urban%20families" title=" Indian urban families"> Indian urban families</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20socialization" title=" consumer socialization"> consumer socialization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69560/adolescents-role-in-family-buying-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8243</span> Series Network-Structured Inverse Models of Data Envelopment Analysis: Pitfalls and Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zohreh%20Moghaddas">Zohreh Moghaddas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morteza%20Yazdani"> Morteza Yazdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Hosseinzadeh"> Farhad Hosseinzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, data envelopment analysis (DEA) models featuring network structures have gained widespread usage for evaluating the performance of production systems and activities (Decision-Making Units (DMUs)) across diverse fields. By examining the relationships between the internal stages of the network, these models offer valuable insights to managers and decision-makers regarding the performance of each stage and its impact on the overall network. To further empower system decision-makers, the inverse data envelopment analysis (IDEA) model has been introduced. This model allows the estimation of crucial information for estimating parameters while keeping the efficiency score unchanged or improved, enabling analysis of the sensitivity of system inputs or outputs according to managers' preferences. This empowers managers to apply their preferences and policies on resources, such as inputs and outputs, and analyze various aspects like production, resource allocation processes, and resource efficiency enhancement within the system. The results obtained can be instrumental in making informed decisions in the future. The top result of this study is an analysis of infeasibility and incorrect estimation that may arise in the theory and application of the inverse model of data envelopment analysis with network structures. By addressing these pitfalls, novel protocols are proposed to circumvent these shortcomings effectively. Subsequently, several theoretical and applied problems are examined and resolved through insightful case studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20models%20of%20data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="inverse models of data envelopment analysis">inverse models of data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20network" title=" series network"> series network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estimation%20of%20inputs%20and%20outputs" title=" estimation of inputs and outputs"> estimation of inputs and outputs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20allocation" title=" resource allocation"> resource allocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20analysis" title=" sensitivity analysis"> sensitivity analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infeasibility" title=" infeasibility"> infeasibility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186380/series-network-structured-inverse-models-of-data-envelopment-analysis-pitfalls-and-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8242</span> Career Decision-Making Difficulty and Emotional Quotient: Basis for a Career Guidance Intervention for City College of Angeles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rhenan%20D.%20Estacio">Rhenan D. Estacio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research presents the career decision making difficulty and emotional quotient of one hundred fifty (150) college students of City College of Angeles, Academic Year 2016-2017. Independent sample T-test and Pearson r correlation were done to shifter and non-shifter in terms of their career decision making difficulty and emotional quotient. A significant positive correlation revealed (r=.302) on career decision making difficulty and emotional quotient. Also, a significant negative correlation revealed (r=-.329) on career decision making difficulty and a moderating variable which is age. The finding significantly shows that emotional quotient was associated and adds a significant incremental variance with career decision making difficulty. Moreover, age shows a moderating effect on career decision making difficulty by having a significant decline and increment on variables. Furthermore, categorization of career decision making difficulty and emotional quotient of said participants are described in this study. In addition, career guidance interventions were suggested based on the results of this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career" title="career">career</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=difficulty" title=" difficulty"> difficulty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional" title=" emotional"> emotional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quotient" title=" quotient"> quotient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80983/career-decision-making-difficulty-and-emotional-quotient-basis-for-a-career-guidance-intervention-for-city-college-of-angeles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">432</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8241</span> A Phenomenological Framework of Unconscious Cognition on Judicial Decision Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Shah">Mariam Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper will examine the potential influence and role of unconscious cognition on judicial decision making. The theoretical underpinnings of this paper rest on phenomenological theory grounded predominantly in Schutzian phenomenology. Aspects of Husserlian and Gadamerian phenomenology will be included within the phenomenological framework put forward in this paper, in an attempt to provide a more complete and thorough account of how unconscious cognition can influence judicial decision making. This paper has far reaching implications, as the framework provides a foundation for unconscious cognitive factors which can work to influence decision making more generally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title="decision making">decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadamer" title=" Gadamer"> Gadamer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadamerian" title=" Gadamerian"> Gadamerian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husserl" title=" Husserl"> Husserl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husserlian" title=" Husserlian"> Husserlian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judicial%20decision%20making" title=" judicial decision making"> judicial decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenology" title=" phenomenology"> phenomenology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schutz" title=" Schutz"> Schutz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schutzian" title=" Schutzian"> Schutzian</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76589/a-phenomenological-framework-of-unconscious-cognition-on-judicial-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76589.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8240</span> A Development Model of Factors Affecting Decision Making to Select Successor in Family Business of Thailand </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Polvasut%20Mahaiamsiri">Polvasut Mahaiamsiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piraphong%20Foosiri"> Piraphong Foosiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to explore the model of factors affecting decision making to select successor in family business of Thailand. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was created from relevant theories and researches. Consequently, examine and analyse, the causal relation factors of Succession Plan, Recruitment Process and Strategic Planning, whether they have direct or indirect effects on Decision Making to Select Successor in family business. Units of analysis are selected from the family business, totalling 300 sampling. Population sampling is current owners or CEO from the percentage of six district areas in Thailand with multi-stage sampling. A set of questionnaires is used to collect data. An analysis of structural equation modelling (SEM) technique using AMOS 21 program is conducted to test the hypotheses and confirmatory factor analysis is performed and shows that these variables can be tested. The finding of this study revealed that these factors are separate constructs that combine to determine decision making to select successors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=succession%20plan" title="succession plan">succession plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20business" title=" family business"> family business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recruitment%20process" title=" recruitment process"> recruitment process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20planning" title=" strategic planning"> strategic planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20to%20select%20successor" title=" decision making to select successor"> decision making to select successor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138534/a-development-model-of-factors-affecting-decision-making-to-select-successor-in-family-business-of-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138534.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8239</span> Youth Intelligent Personal Decision Aid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norfiza%20Ibrahim">Norfiza Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norshuhada%20Shiratuddin"> Norshuhada Shiratuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Mahfuzah%20Sarif"> Siti Mahfuzah Sarif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Decision-making system is used to facilitate people in making the right choice for their important daily activities. For the youth, proper guidance in making important decisions is needed. Their skills in decision-making aid decisions will indirectly affect their future. For that reason, this study focuses on the intelligent aspects in the development of intelligent decision support application. The aid apparently integrates Personality Traits (PT) and Multiple Intelligence (MI) data in development of a computerized personal decision aid for youth named as Youth Personal Decision Aid (Youth PDA). This study is concerned with the aid’s helpfulness based on the hybrid intelligent process. There are four main items involved which are reliability, decision making effort, confidence, as well as decision process awareness. Survey method was applied to the actual user of this system, namely the school and the Institute of Higher Education (IPT)’s students. An establish instrument was used to evaluate the study. The results of the analysis and findings in the assessment indicates a high mean value of the four dimensions in helping Youth PDA to be accepted as a useful tool for the youth in decision-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support" title="decision support">decision support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20intelligent" title=" multiple intelligent"> multiple intelligent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality%20traits" title=" personality traits"> personality traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20personal%20decision%20aid" title=" youth personal decision aid"> youth personal decision aid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18779/youth-intelligent-personal-decision-aid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18779.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">632</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8238</span> A DEA Model in a Multi-Objective Optimization with Fuzzy Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Gidey%20Gebru">Michael Gidey Gebru</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most DEA models operate in a static environment with input and output parameters that are chosen by deterministic data. However, due to ambiguity brought on shifting market conditions, input and output data are not always precisely gathered in real-world scenarios. Fuzzy numbers can be used to address this kind of ambiguity in input and output data. Therefore, this work aims to expand crisp DEA into DEA with fuzzy environment. In this study, the input and output data are regarded as fuzzy triangular numbers. Then, the DEA model with fuzzy environment is solved using a multi-objective method to gauge the Decision Making Units’ efficiency. Finally, the developed DEA model is illustrated with an application on real data 50 educational institutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title=" DEA"> DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy" title=" fuzzy"> fuzzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20units" title=" decision making units"> decision making units</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education%20institutions" title=" higher education institutions"> higher education institutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185155/a-dea-model-in-a-multi-objective-optimization-with-fuzzy-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8237</span> Financial Decision-Making among Finance Students: An Empirical Study from the Czech Republic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barbora%20Chmel%C3%ADkov%C3%A1">Barbora Chmelíková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Making sound financial decisions is an essential skill which can have an impact on life of each consumer of financial products. The aim of this paper is to examine decision-making concerning financial matters and personal finance. The selected target group was university students majoring in finance related fields. The study was conducted in the Czech Republic at Masaryk University in 2015. In order to analyze financial decision-making questions related to basic finance decisions were developed to address the research objective. The results of the study suggest gaps in detecting best solutions to given financial decision-making questions among finance students. The analysis results indicate relation between financial decision-making and own experience with holding and using concrete financial products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20decision-making" title="financial decision-making">financial decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20literacy" title=" financial literacy"> financial literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20finance" title=" personal finance"> personal finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20students" title=" university students"> university students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55289/financial-decision-making-among-finance-students-an-empirical-study-from-the-czech-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8236</span> Financial Literacy as an Important Skill for Household Financial Decision Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rimac%20Smiljanic%20Ana">Rimac Smiljanic Ana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pepur%20Sandra"> Pepur Sandra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulog%20Ivana"> Bulog Ivana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Financial decision-making in the household is not simple, and it demands that the decision-maker has proper knowledge and skills. Usually, high uncertainty, risk, and stress surround household financial decision-making since it is extremely important and critical for household wealth accumulation and for the well-being of all household members. Generally, skilful people tend to have higher confidence in certain tasks they perform, and they achieve better results. Therefore, in the household context, the possession of certain skills by the ones who make financial decisions for the household is of particular importance. This paper addresses financial literacy as an important skill for household decision-making. Apart from financial literacy, the paper also considers other factors, such as employment, education, and age, as significant for household financial decision-making. The analysis is based on quantitative individual-level survey data. The data collection was conducted during January and February 2021 in Croatia through an online survey. To reach a wide variety of participants, the snowball sampling method was used. The result revealed interesting and somewhat puzzling results. Our results point to the importance of financial literacy skills for household decision-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skill" title="skill">skill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20literacy" title=" financial literacy"> financial literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title=" decision-making"> decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=household%20financijal%20decision%20making" title=" household financijal decision making"> household financijal decision making</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166489/financial-literacy-as-an-important-skill-for-household-financial-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166489.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8235</span> Theoretical Comparisons and Empirical Illustration of Malmquist, Hicks–Moorsteen, and Luenberger Productivity Indices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Abbasi">Fatemeh Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahand%20Daneshvar"> Sahand Daneshvar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Productivity is one of the essential goals of companies to improve performance, which as a strategy-oriented method, determines the basis of the company's economic growth. The history of productivity goes back centuries, but most researchers defined productivity as the relationship between a product and the factors used in production in the early twentieth century. Productivity as the optimal use of available resources means that "more output using less input" can increase companies' economic growth and prosperity capacity. Also, having a quality life based on economic progress depends on productivity growth in that society. Therefore, productivity is a national priority for any developed country. There are several methods for calculating productivity growth measurements that can be divided into parametric and non-parametric methods. Parametric methods rely on the existence of a function in their hypotheses, while non-parametric methods do not require a function based on empirical evidence. One of the most popular non-parametric methods is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which measures changes in productivity over time. The DEA evaluates the productivity of decision-making units (DMUs) based on mathematical models. This method uses multiple inputs and outputs to compare the productivity of similar DMUs such as banks, government agencies, companies, airports, Etc. Non-parametric methods are themselves divided into the frontier and non frontier approaches. The Malmquist productivity index (MPI) proposed by Caves, Christensen, and Diewert (1982), the Hicks–Moorsteen productivity index (HMPI) proposed by Bjurek (1996), or the Luenberger productivity indicator (LPI) proposed by Chambers (2002) are powerful tools for measuring productivity changes over time. This study will compare the Malmquist, Hicks–Moorsteen, and Luenberger indices theoretically and empirically based on DEA models and review their strengths and weaknesses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="data envelopment analysis">data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hicks%E2%80%93Moorsteen%20productivity%20index" title=" Hicks–Moorsteen productivity index"> Hicks–Moorsteen productivity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leuenberger%20productivity%20indicator" title=" Leuenberger productivity indicator"> Leuenberger productivity indicator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malmquist%20productivity%20index" title=" malmquist productivity index"> malmquist productivity index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141956/theoretical-comparisons-and-empirical-illustration-of-malmquist-hicks-moorsteen-and-luenberger-productivity-indices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8234</span> The Quotation-Based Algorithm for Distributed Decision Making</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gennady%20P.%20Ginkul">Gennady P. Ginkul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Yu.%20Soloviov"> Sergey Yu. Soloviov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article proposes to use so-called "quotation-based algorithm" for simulation of decision making process in distributed expert systems and multi-agent systems. The idea was adopted from the techniques for group decision-making. It is based on the assumption that one expert system to perform its logical inference may use rules from another expert system. The application of the algorithm was demonstrated on the example in which the consolidated decision is the decision that requires minimal quotation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backward%20chaining%20inference" title="backward chaining inference">backward chaining inference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20expert%20systems" title=" distributed expert systems"> distributed expert systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20decision%20making" title=" group decision making"> group decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20systems" title=" multi-agent systems"> multi-agent systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61196/the-quotation-based-algorithm-for-distributed-decision-making" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8233</span> Employing Operations Research at Universities to Build Management Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20A.%20Hlayel">Abdallah A. Hlayel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Operations research science (OR) deals with good success in developing and applying scientific methods for problem solving and decision-making. However, by using OR techniques, we can enhance the use of computer decision support systems to achieve optimal management for institutions. OR applies comprehensive analysis including all factors that affect on it and builds mathematical modeling to solve business or organizational problems. In addition, it improves decision-making and uses available resources efficiently. The adoption of OR by universities would definitely contributes to the development and enhancement of the performance of OR techniques. This paper provides an understanding of the structures, approaches and models of OR in problem solving and decision-making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=best%20candidates%27%20method" title="best candidates' method">best candidates' method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title=" decision making"> decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support%20system" title=" decision support system"> decision support system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operations%20research" title=" operations research"> operations research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20107/employing-operations-research-at-universities-to-build-management-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8232</span> Efficiency of DMUs in Presence of New Inputs and Outputs in DEA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmat%20Noroozi">Esmat Noroozi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elahe%20Sarfi"> Elahe Sarfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farha%20Hosseinzadeh%20Lotfi"> Farha Hosseinzadeh Lotfi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Examining the impacts of data modification is considered as sensitivity analysis. A lot of studies have considered the data modification of inputs and outputs in DEA. The issues which has not heretofore been considered in DEA sensitivity analysis is modification in the number of inputs and (or) outputs and determining the impacts of this modification in the status of efficiency of DMUs. This paper is going to present systems that show the impacts of adding one or multiple inputs or outputs on the status of efficiency of DMUs and furthermore a model is presented for recognizing the minimum number of inputs and (or) outputs from among specified inputs and outputs which can be added whereas an inefficient DMU will become efficient. Finally the presented systems and model have been utilized for a set of real data and the results have been reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="data envelopment analysis">data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20analysis" title=" sensitivity analysis"> sensitivity analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=input" title=" input"> input</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=out%20put" title=" out put"> out put</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30483/efficiency-of-dmus-in-presence-of-new-inputs-and-outputs-in-dea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8231</span> Detection Efficient Enterprises via Data Envelopment Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Turkan">S. Turkan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the Turkey’s Top 500 Industrial Enterprises data in 2014 were analyzed by data envelopment analysis. Data envelopment analysis is used to detect efficient decision-making units such as universities, hospitals, schools etc. by using inputs and outputs. The decision-making units in this study are enterprises. To detect efficient enterprises, some financial ratios are determined as inputs and outputs. For this reason, financial indicators related to productivity of enterprises are considered. The efficient foreign weighted owned capital enterprises are detected via super efficiency model. According to the results, it is said that Mercedes-Benz is the most efficient foreign weighted owned capital enterprise in Turkey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="data envelopment analysis">data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20efficiency" title=" super efficiency"> super efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistic%20regression" title=" logistic regression"> logistic regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20ratios" title=" financial ratios"> financial ratios</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55862/detection-efficient-enterprises-via-data-envelopment-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8230</span> Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Based on Ignatian Discernment Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pathinathan%20Theresanathan">Pathinathan Theresanathan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay%20Minj"> Ajay Minj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ignatian Discernment Process (IDP) is an intense decision-making tool to decide on life-issues. Decisions are influenced by various factors outside of the decision maker and inclination within. This paper develops IDP in the context of Fuzzy Multi-criteria Decision Making (FMCDM) process. Extended VIKOR method is a decision-making method which encompasses even conflict situations and accommodates weightage to various issues. Various aspects of IDP, namely three ways of decision making and tactics of inner desires, are observed, analyzed and articulated within the frame work of fuzzy rules. The decision-making situations are broadly categorized into two types. The issues outside of the decision maker influence the person. The inner feeling also plays vital role in coming to a conclusion. IDP integrates both the categories using Extended VIKOR method. Case studies are carried out and analyzed with FMCDM process. Finally, IDP is verified with an illustrative case study and results are interpreted. A confused person who could not come to a conclusion is able to take decision on a concrete way of life through IDP. The proposed IDP model recommends an integrated and committed approach to value-based decision making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AHP" title="AHP">AHP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMCDM" title=" FMCDM"> FMCDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IDP" title=" IDP"> IDP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ignatian%20discernment" title=" ignatian discernment"> ignatian discernment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCDM" title=" MCDM"> MCDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VIKOR" title=" VIKOR"> VIKOR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89096/fuzzy-multi-criteria-decision-making-based-on-ignatian-discernment-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89096.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8229</span> Quantum Decision Making with Small Sample for Network Monitoring and Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatsuya%20Otoshi">Tatsuya Otoshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masayuki%20Murata"> Masayuki Murata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the development and diversification of applications on the Internet, applications that require high responsiveness, such as video streaming, are becoming mainstream. Application responsiveness is not only a matter of communication delay but also a matter of time required to grasp changes in network conditions. The tradeoff between accuracy and measurement time is a challenge in network control. We people make countless decisions all the time, and our decisions seem to resolve tradeoffs between time and accuracy. When making decisions, people are known to make appropriate choices based on relatively small samples. Although there have been various studies on models of human decision-making, a model that integrates various cognitive biases, called ”quantum decision-making,” has recently attracted much attention. However, the modeling of small samples has not been examined much so far. In this paper, we extend the model of quantum decision-making to model decision-making with a small sample. In the proposed model, the state is updated by value-based probability amplitude amplification. By analytically obtaining a lower bound on the number of samples required for decision-making, we show that decision-making with a small number of samples is feasible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20decision%20making" title="quantum decision making">quantum decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20sample" title=" small sample"> small sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPEG-DASH" title=" MPEG-DASH"> MPEG-DASH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grover%27s%20algorithm" title=" Grover's algorithm"> Grover's algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146430/quantum-decision-making-with-small-sample-for-network-monitoring-and-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn 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