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class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Economy of Kyrgyzstan</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content"> <div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-head">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em;width:300px;padding:0;"> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="adr" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background:lightblue;">Economy of <span class="country-name">Kyrgyzstan</span></th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Osh_Bazaar_in_Bishkek,_Kyrgyzstan-_dried_fruits_and_nuts.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Osh Bazaar in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan- dried fruits and nuts.jpg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Osh_Bazaar_in_Bishkek%2C_Kyrgyzstan-_dried_fruits_and_nuts.jpg/220px-Osh_Bazaar_in_Bishkek%2C_Kyrgyzstan-_dried_fruits_and_nuts.jpg" width="220" height="131" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Osh_Bazaar_in_Bishkek%2C_Kyrgyzstan-_dried_fruits_and_nuts.jpg/330px-Osh_Bazaar_in_Bishkek%2C_Kyrgyzstan-_dried_fruits_and_nuts.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Osh_Bazaar_in_Bishkek%2C_Kyrgyzstan-_dried_fruits_and_nuts.jpg/440px-Osh_Bazaar_in_Bishkek%2C_Kyrgyzstan-_dried_fruits_and_nuts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2673" data-file-height="1590"/></a> <div>Osh Bazaar selling foods in <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_exchange_rate" title="Fixed exchange rate" class="mw-redirect"><span class="wrap">Fixed exchange rates</span></a></div> </th> <td>1 <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyz_som" title="Kyrgyz som" class="mw-redirect">Kyrgyz som</a> (KGS) = 100 tyiyn</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">Fiscal year</a></div> </th> <td>Calendar year</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Trade organisations</div> </th> <td><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WTO" title="WTO" class="mw-redirect">WTO</a>, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">CIS</a>, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Community" title="Eurasian Economic Community">EURASEC</a>, and <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">ECO</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightblue;">Statistics</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a></th> <td><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span>$13.47 billion (2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">GDP rank</th> <td>145th (PPP, 2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">GDP growth</div> </th> <td><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span>1% (Real, 2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">GDP per capita</div> </th> <td><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span>$2,400 (PPP, 2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">GDP by sector</div> </th> <td>agriculture (20.2%), industry (27.3%), services (52.5%) (2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;line-height:1.1em"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">Inflation</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_price_index" title="Consumer price index">CPI</a>)</span></div> </th> <td><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span>4.0% (CPI, 2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Population below <span class="nowrap"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_threshold" title="Poverty threshold">poverty line</a></span></div> </th> <td>40% (2004 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient"><span class="wrap">Gini coefficient</span></a></div> </th> <td>33.4 (2007)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Labour force</div> </th> <td><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span> 2.344 million (2007)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Labour force by occupation</div> </th> <td>agriculture (48%), industry (12.5%), services (39.5%) (2005 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Unemployment</th> <td><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span> 8.6% (2011 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Main industries</div> </th> <td>small machinery, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textiles" title="Textiles" class="mw-redirect">textiles</a>, food processing, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement">cement</a>, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoes" title="Shoes" class="mw-redirect">shoes</a>, sawn logs, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrigerator" title="Refrigerator">refrigerators</a>, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furniture" title="Furniture">furniture</a>, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">electric motors</a>, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>, rare earth metals</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ease_of_doing_business_index" title="Ease of doing business index"><span class="wrap">Ease-of-doing-business rank</span></a></div> </th> <td>70th<sup id="cite_ref-World_Bank_and_International_Financial_Corporation_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Bank_and_International_Financial_Corporation-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightblue;">External</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Exports</th> <td><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span> $2.294 billion (2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Export goods</div> </th> <td>gold, cotton, wool, garments, meat, tobacco; mercury, uranium, electricity; machinery; shoes</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Main export partners</div> </th> <td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="250"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> 28.8%<br/> <span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> 22.0%<br/> <span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> 14.6%<br/> <span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> 7.0%<br/> <span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> 6.3%<br/> <span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Afghanistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="302"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> 5.7% (2012 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Imports</th> <td><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span> $4.272 billion (2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Import goods</div> </th> <td>oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Main import partners</div> </th> <td><span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> 55.9%<br/> <span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> 17.7%<br/> <span class="flagicon"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" width="23" height="12" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300"/> </span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> 6.4% (2012 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">FDI</a> stock</div> </th> <td><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span> $1.669 billion (31 December 2012)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Gross <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_debt" title="External debt"><span class="wrap">external debt</span></a></div> </th> <td><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span>$3.666 billion (31 December 2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightblue;">Public finances</th> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_public_debt" title="List of countries by public debt"><span class="wrap">Public debt</span></a></div> </th> <td>N/A</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Revenues</th> <td>$1.741 billion (2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Expenses</th> <td>$2.223 billion (2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Economic aid</th> <td>$50 million from the US (2001)</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Foreign reserves</div> </th> <td><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" width="11" height="11" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300"/></span> $2.164 billion (31 December 2012 est.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:lightblue;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;line-height:1.25em;padding:0.2em;"><span class="nowrap">Main data source:</span> <span class="nowrap"><b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kg.html">CIA World Fact Book</a></b></span><br/> <i>All values, unless otherwise stated, are in <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US dollars</a>.</i></div> </td> </tr> </table> <p>Kyrgyzstan is a mountainous country with a dominant agricultural sector. Cotton, tobacco, wool, and meat are the main agricultural products, although only tobacco and cotton are exported in any quantity. According to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.healyconsultants.com/company-incorporation/kyrgyzstan-company-formation.html">Healy Consultants</a>, the economy relies heavily on the strength of industrial exports, with plentiful reserves of gold, mercury, uranium and natural gas.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> The economy also relies heavily on <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remittances" title="Remittances" class="mw-redirect">remittances</a> from foreign workers. Following independence, Kyrgyzstan was progressive in carrying out market reforms, such as an improved regulatory system and land reform. Kyrgyzstan was the first Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) country to be accepted into the World Trade Organization. Much of the government's stock in enterprises has been sold. Kyrgyzstan's economic performance has been hindered by widespread corruption, low foreign investment and general regional instability. Despite political corruption and regional instability, Kyrgyzstan is ranked 70th (as of 2013) on the Ease of doing Business Index.</p> <p></p> <div id="toc" class="toc"> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Macro-economic_trend"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Macro-economic trend</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Finance"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Finance</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Industries"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Industries</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Agriculture"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Agriculture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Forestry"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Forestry</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Fishing"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Fishing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Mining_and_minerals"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Mining and minerals</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Industry_and_manufacturing"><span class="tocnumber">3.5</span> <span class="toctext">Industry and manufacturing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Energy"><span class="tocnumber">3.6</span> <span class="toctext">Energy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Services"><span class="tocnumber">3.7</span> <span class="toctext">Services</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#External_trade"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External trade</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Investment"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Investment</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Other_statistics"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Other statistics</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <p></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Macro-economic_trend">Macro-economic trend</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Macro-economic trend">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>This is a chart of trend of gross domestic product of Kyrgyzstan at market prices <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2006/01/data/dbcselm.cfm?G=2001">estimated</a> by the International Monetary Fund and EconStats with figures in millions of Kyrgyz Soms.</p> <table class="wikitable"> <tr> <th>Year</th> <th>Gross Domestic Product</th> <th>US Dollar Exchange</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td>16,146</td> <td>10.80 Soms</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td>65,358</td> <td>47.77 Soms</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2005</td> <td>100,116</td> <td>41.01 Soms</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td>219,000</td> <td>47.00 Soms</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td>320,000</td> <td>47.50 Soms</td> </tr> </table> <p>For purchasing power parity comparisons, the US Dollar is exchanged at 9.40 Soms only.</p> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/economics-business/variable-638.html">Current GDP per capita</a> of Kyrgyzstan shrank by 54% in the 1990s. Mean wages were $0.85 per manhour in 2009 and this rate represented underemployment when compared to effective market pay. In the first half of 2012, Kyrgyz economy shrank by 5.8%. This downturn was largely due to decline in gold production at the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kumtor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumtor (page does not exist)">Kumtor</a> mine.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The budget deficit in mid-2012 was 23-billion soms and accounted for 7% of GDP while the target was to reduce it to 6%.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Finance">Finance</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Finance">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banking_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Banking in Kyrgyzstan">Banking in Kyrgyzstan</a></div> <p>On October 2012, International reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity of Kyrgyzstan National Bank have reached US $1.96 bln, 8.6% of which is in gold. In 2012, to diversify the assets of Kyrgyzstan, the basket of currencies has been expanded by means of the Chinese yuan and the Singapore dollar. In 2012, 1 billion soms are to be spent for the purchase of gold. Gold proportion in international reserves has already grown to 8.6%. The National Bank plans to increase it to 12-15% in future.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Industries">Industries</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Industries">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Agriculture">Agriculture</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Agriculture">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Agriculture in Kyrgyzstan">Agriculture in Kyrgyzstan</a></div> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg/220px-E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg/330px-E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg/440px-E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1712"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:E7994-Milyanfan-fields.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Irrigated fields in the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuy_River" title="Chuy River" class="mw-redirect">Chuy</a> Valley</div> </div> </div> <p>Agriculture remains a vital part of Kyrgyzstan’s economy and a refuge for workers displaced from industry. Subsistence farming has increased in the early 2000s. After sharp reductions in the early 1990s, by the early 2000s agricultural production was approaching 1991 levels. Grain production in the lower valleys and livestock grazing on upland pastures occupy the largest share of the agricultural workforce. Farmers are shifting to grain and away from cotton and tobacco. Other important products are dairy products, hay, animal feed, potatoes, vegetables, and sugar beets. Agricultural output comes from private household plots (55 percent of the total), private farms (40 percent), and state farms (5 percent). Further expansion of the sector depends on banking reform to increase investment, and on market reform to streamline the distribution of inputs. Land reform, a controversial issue in Kyrgyzstan, has proceeded very slowly since initial legislation in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-cp_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> The irrigation infrastructure is in poor condition. Agriculture contributes about one-third of the GDP and more than one-third of employment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Forestry">Forestry</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Forestry">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>Only 4 percent of Kyrgyzstan is classified as forested. All of that area is state-owned, and none is classified as available for wood supply. The main commercial product of the forests is walnuts.<sup id="cite_ref-cp_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Fishing">Fishing</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fishing">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg/220px-E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg/330px-E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg/440px-E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:E8361-Balykchy-Fishmongers.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Locally produced dried fish can be purchased by the roadside in <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balykchy" title="Balykchy">Balykchy</a></div> </div> </div> <p>Kyrgyzstan does not have a significant fishing industry. In 2002 aquaculture contributed 66 percent of the country’s total output of 142 metric tons of fish, but in 2003 the aquaculture industry collapsed, producing only 12 of the country’s total of 26 metric tons.<sup id="cite_ref-cp_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mining_and_minerals">Mining and minerals</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mining and minerals">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>In the post-Soviet era, mining has been an increasingly important economic activity. The <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumtor_Gold_Mine" title="Kumtor Gold Mine">Kumtor Gold Mine</a>, which opened in 1997, is based on one of the largest gold deposits in the world. New gold mines are planned at Jerooy and Taldy–Bulak, and a major gold discovery was announced at Tokhtonysay in late 2006. The state agency Kyrgyzaltyn owns all mines, many of which are operated as joint ventures with foreign companies. Uranium and antimony, important mineral outputs of the Soviet era, no longer are produced in significant amounts. Although between 1992 and 2003 coal output dropped from about 2.4 million tons to 411,000 tons, the government plans to increase exploitation of Kyrgyzstan’s considerable remaining deposits (estimated at 2.5 billion tons) in order to reduce dependency on foreign energy sources. A particular target of this policy is the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karakeche" title="Karakeche">Kara–Keche</a> deposit in northern Kyrgyzstan, whose annual output capability is estimated at between 500,000 and 1 million tons. The small domestic output of oil and natural gas does not meet national needs.<sup id="cite_ref-cp_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Industry_and_manufacturing">Industry and manufacturing</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Industry and manufacturing">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>In the post-Soviet era, Kyrgyzstan’s industries suffered sharp reductions in productivity because the supply of raw materials and fuels was disrupted, and Soviet markets disappeared. The sector has not recovered appreciably from that reduction; if gold production is not counted, in 2005 industry contributed only 14 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP). Investment and restructuring have remained at low levels, and the electricity industry (traditionally an important part of industry’s contribution to GDP) has stagnated in recent years. Government support is moving away from the machine industries, which were a major contributor to the Soviet economy, toward clothing and textiles. Food processing accounted for 10 to 15 percent of industrial production until encountering a slump in 2004. In recent years, the glass industry has surpassed clothing and textiles in investment received and as a contributor to GDP. In the early 2000s, the construction industry has grown steadily because of large infrastructure projects such as highways and new gold mines. Housing construction, however, has lagged because of low investment.<sup id="cite_ref-cp_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Energy">Energy</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Energy">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <p>More than ninety percent of electricity produced is hydroelectric and the country could produce much more of such clean energy and export to its neighbors and the region. Even though Kyrgyzstan has abundant hydro resources, only less than ten percent of its potential has been developed so far. It has limited deposits of fossil fuels and most of natural gas imports come from Uzbekistan, with which Kyrgyzstan has had a series of imperfect barter agreements. Per capita energy consumption is high considering average income, and the government has no comprehensive plan to reduce demand. Up to 45 percent of electricity generated, especially in winter time, is diverted illegally or leaks from the distribution system. Hydroelectric plants generate some 92.5 percent of domestically consumed electricity, and three commercial thermoelectric plants are in operation. Because of its rich supply of hydroelectric power, Kyrgyzstan sends electricity to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan before in return for fossil fuels. A new hydroelectric plant on the Naryn River at Kambar–Ata would supply power to parts of China and Russia, improving Kyrgyzstan’s export situation and domestic energy supply. However, in 2006 that project, which would include one of the largest hydroelectric dams in the world, remained incomplete because of lack of investment. An antiquated infrastructure and poor management make Kyrgyzstan more dependent on foreign energy in winter when water levels are low. In the early 2000s, Kyrgyzstan was exploiting only an estimated 10 percent of its hydroelectric power potential. In 2001 Kyrgyzstan had about 70,000 kilometers of power transmission lines served by about 500 substations. Kyrgyzstan would be a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization’s Asian Energy Club, which Russia proposed in 2006 to unify oil, gas, and electricity producers, consumers, and transit countries in the Central Asian region in a bloc that is self-sufficient in energy. Other members would be China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.<sup id="cite_ref-cp_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Kyrgyzstan is a partner country of the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INOGATE" title="INOGATE">INOGATE</a> energy programme, which has four key topics: enhancing <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_security" title="Energy security">energy security</a>, convergence of member state <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_market" title="Energy market">energy markets</a> on the basis of <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_energy_market" title="Internal energy market" class="mw-redirect">EU internal energy market</a> principles, supporting <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_energy" title="Sustainable energy">sustainable energy</a> development, and attracting <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment" title="Investment">investment</a> for energy projects of common and regional interest.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korean" title="South Korean" class="mw-redirect">South Korean</a> style manufactured <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bituminous_coal" title="Bituminous coal">bituminous coal</a> called <i>yeontan</i> (йонтан) is gaining popularity in Kyrgyzstan's energy industrial scene.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Services">Services</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Services">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg/220px-Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg/330px-Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg/440px-Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ycyk-Ata_bassein.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> A swimming pool at the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ysyk-Ata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ysyk-Ata (page does not exist)">Ysyk-Ata</a> resort</div> </div> </div> <p>Substantial post-Soviet growth in the services sector is mainly attributable to the appearance of small private enterprises. The central bank is the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic, which nominally is independent but follows government policy. Although the banking system has been reformed several times since 1991, it does not play a significant role in investment. High interest rates have discouraged borrowing. A stock market opened in 1995, but its main function is trading in government securities. Because of the Akayev regime’s economic reforms, many small trade and catering enterprises have opened in the post-Soviet era. Although Kyrgyzstan’s mountains and lakes are an attractive tourist destination, the tourism industry has grown very slowly because it has received little investment. In the early 2000s, an average of about 450,000 tourists visited annually, mainly from countries of the former Soviet Union.<sup id="cite_ref-cp_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cp-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_trade">External trade</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External trade">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG/220px-2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG" width="220" height="96" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG/330px-2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG/440px-2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:2006Kyrgyz_exports.PNG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Kyrgyz exports in 2006</div> </div> </div> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg/220px-E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg/330px-E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg/440px-E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:E7984-Dorody-parking.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> Traders' cars parked between the row of shipping containers turned into shops in <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dordoy_Bazaar" title="Dordoy Bazaar">Dordoy Bazaar</a></div> </div> </div> <p>Kyrgyzstan's principal exports, which go overwhelmingly to other CIS countries, are nonferrous metals and minerals, woolen goods and other agricultural products, electric energy, and certain engineering goods. In turn, the Republic relies on other former Soviet states for petroleum and natural gas, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrous_metal" title="Ferrous metal" class="mw-redirect">ferrous metals</a>, chemicals, most machinery, wood and paper products, some foods, and most construction materials. In 1999, Kyrgyz exports to the U.S. totaled $11.2 million, and imports from the U.S. totaled $54.2 million. Kyrgyzstan exports antimony, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)" title="Mercury (element)">mercury</a>, rare-earth metals, and other chemical products to the U.S., and it imports grain, medicine and medical equipment, vegetable oil, paper products, rice, machinery, agricultural equipment, and meat from the U.S.</p> <p>Reexport of China-made consumer goods to Kazakhstan and Russia, centered on <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dordoy_Bazaar" title="Dordoy Bazaar">Dordoy Bazaar</a> in Bishkek, and to <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a>, centered on <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kara-Suu" title="Kara-Suu">Kara-Suu</a> Bazaar in <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osh_Province" title="Osh Province" class="mw-redirect">Osh Province</a>, is particularly important; it is thought by some economists to be one the country's two largest economic activities.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The Kyrgyzstan Government has reduced expenditures, ended most price subsidies, and introduced a value added tax. Overall, the government appears committed to transferring to a <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">free market</a> economic system by stabilizing the economy and implementing reforms, which will encourage long-term growth. These reforms led to Kyrgyzstan's accession to the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">WTO</a> on December 20, 1998.</p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Investment">Investment</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Investment">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg/220px-Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg/330px-Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150315033622im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg/440px-Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200"/></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Animal_market_in_Kyzyl-Jar.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div> <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">Livestock</a> market in <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyzyl-Jar" title="Kyzyl-Jar">Kyzyl-Jar</a>, <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalal-Abad_Province" title="Jalal-Abad Province" class="mw-redirect">Jalal-Abad Province</a></div> </div> </div> <p>The stock <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_capitalisation" title="Market capitalisation" class="mw-redirect">market capitalisation</a> of listed companies in Kyrgyzstan was valued at $42 million in 2005 by the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_statistics">Other statistics</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other statistics">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p><b>Investment (gross fixed):</b> 17% of GDP (2004 est.)</p> <p><b>Household income or consumption by percentage share:</b></p> <ul> <li><i>lowest 10%:</i> 3.9%</li> <li><i>highest 10%:</i> 23.3% (2001)</li> </ul> <p><b>Distribution of family income - <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gini_index" title="Gini index" class="mw-redirect">Gini index</a>:</b> 29 (2001)</p> <p><b>Agriculture - products:</b> tobacco, cotton, potatoes, vegetables, grapes, fruits and berries; sheep, goats, cattle, wool, dairy products<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Agriculture in Kyrgyzstan">Agriculture in Kyrgyzstan</a></div> <p><b>Industrial production growth rate:</b> 6% (2000 est.)</p> <p><b>Electricity</b></p> <ul> <li><i>production:</i> 11,720 GWh (2002)</li> <li><i>consumption:</i> 10,210 GWh (2002)</li> <li><i>exports:</i> 1,062 GWh (2002)</li> <li><i>imports:</i> 375 GWh (2002)</li> </ul> <p><b>Electricity - production by source:</b></p> <ul> <li><i>fossil fuel:</i> 7.6%</li> <li><i>hydro:</i> 92.4%</li> <li><i>other:</i> 0% (2001)</li> <li><i>nuclear:</i> 0%</li> </ul> <p><b>Oil:</b></p> <ul> <li><i>production:</i> 2,000 barrels per day (320 m<sup>3</sup>/d) (2001 est.)</li> <li><i>consumption:</i> 20,000 barrels per day (3,200 m<sup>3</sup>/d) (2001 est.)</li> <li><i>exports:</i> NA</li> <li><i>imports:</i> NA</li> </ul> <p><b>Natural gas:</b></p> <ul> <li><i>production:</i> 16 million m³ (2001 est.)</li> <li><i>consumption:</i> 2.016 billion m³ (2001 est.)</li> <li><i>exports:</i> 0 m³ (2001 est.)</li> <li><i>imports:</i> 2 billion m³ (2001 est.)</li> </ul> <p><b>Current account balance:</b> $-87.92 million (2004 est.)</p> <p><b>Exports - commodities:</b> cotton, wool, meat, tobacco; gold, mercury, uranium, natural gas, hydropower; machinery; shoes</p> <p><b>Imports - commodities:</b> oil and gas, machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs</p> <p><b>Reserves of foreign exchange & gold:</b> $498.7 million (2004 est.)</p> <p><b>Exchange rates:</b> soms per US dollar - 41.731 (2004), 43.6484 (2003), 46.9371 (2002), 48.378 (2001), 47.7038 (2000)</p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Asia" title="Economy of Asia">Economy of Asia</a></li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-World_Bank_and_International_Financial_Corporation-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-World_Bank_and_International_Financial_Corporation_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/kyrgyz-republic/">"Doing Business in Kyrgyz Republic 2013"</a>. <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-10-23</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.btitle=Doing+Business+in+Kyrgyz+Republic+2013&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doingbusiness.org%2Fdata%2Fexploreeconomies%2Fkyrgyz-republic%2F&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2050.html#kg">"Export Partners of Kyrgyzstan"</a>. <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook" title="CIA World Factbook" class="mw-redirect">CIA World Factbook</a>. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-22</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.btitle=Export+Partners+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2050.html%23kg&rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2061.html#kg">"Import Partners of Kyrgyzstan"</a>. <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook" title="CIA World Factbook" class="mw-redirect">CIA World Factbook</a>. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-22</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.btitle=Import+Partners+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2061.html%23kg&rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.healyconsultants.com/company-incorporation/kyrgyzstan-company-formation.html">"Kyrgyzstan Company Registration"</a>. Healy Consultants<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2013</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.btitle=Kyrgyzstan+Company+Registration&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.healyconsultants.com%2Fcompany-incorporation%2Fkyrgyzstan-company-formation.html&rft.pub=Healy+Consultants&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.satrapia.com/news/article/the-kyrgyz-economy-shrank-by-58-in-first-half-of-2012/">"Kyrgyz Economy Shrank by 5.8% in the First Half of 2012"</a>. <i>The Gazette of Central Asia</i> (Satrapia). 24 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2012</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.atitle=Kyrgyz+Economy+Shrank+by+5.8%25+in+the+First+Half+of+2012&rft.date=24+July+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satrapia.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Fthe-kyrgyz-economy-shrank-by-58-in-first-half-of-2012%2F&rft.jtitle=The+Gazette+of+Central+Asia&rft.pub=Satrapia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.satrapia.com/news/article/400-projects-to-be-postponed-in-kyrgyzstan-due-to-lack-of-financing/">"400 Projects to Be Postponed in Kyrgyzstan Due to Lack of Financing"</a>. <i>The Gazette of Central Asia</i> (Satrapia). 4 October 2012.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.atitle=400+Projects+to+Be+Postponed+in+Kyrgyzstan+Due+to+Lack+of+Financing&rft.date=4+October+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satrapia.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F400-projects-to-be-postponed-in-kyrgyzstan-due-to-lack-of-financing%2F&rft.jtitle=The+Gazette+of+Central+Asia&rft.pub=Satrapia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.satrapia.com/news/article/international-reserves-of-kyrgyzstan-national-bank-reached-196-bln/">"International Reserves of Kyrgyzstan National Bank Reached $1.96 bln"</a>. <i>The Gazette of Central Asia</i> (Satrapia). 20 October 2012.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.atitle=International+Reserves+of+Kyrgyzstan+National+Bank+Reached+%241.96+bln&rft.date=20+October+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satrapia.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Finternational-reserves-of-kyrgyzstan-national-bank-reached-196-bln%2F&rft.jtitle=The+Gazette+of+Central+Asia&rft.pub=Satrapia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-cp-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cp_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cp_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cp_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cp_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cp_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cp_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cp_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Kyrgyzstan.pdf">Kyrgyzstan country profile</a>. <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a> (January 2007). <i>This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</i></span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.inogate.org/">INOGATE website</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news">Byeon (변), I-cheol (이철) (2011-08-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.nocutnews.co.kr/show.asp?idx=1880053"><bdi lang="ko">'한국 연탄'으로 '한류' 지핀다</bdi></a>. <i>Nocut News</i> (in Korean)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-08-21</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.atitle=%27%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD+%EC%97%B0%ED%83%84%27%EC%9C%BC%EB%A1%9C+%27%ED%95%9C%EB%A5%98%27+%EC%A7%80%ED%95%80%EB%8B%A4&rft.au=Byeon+%28%EB%B3%80%29%2C+I-cheol+%28%EC%9D%B4%EC%B2%A0%29&rft.aufirst=I-cheol+%28%EC%9D%B4%EC%B2%A0%29&rft.aulast=Byeon+%28%EB%B3%80%29&rft.date=2011-08-05&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nocutnews.co.kr%2Fshow.asp%3Fidx%3D1880053&rft.jtitle=Nocut+News&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.zpress.kg/news/news_only/3/25402/46"><bdi lang="ru">В зданиях бюджетных учреждений Ленинского района будут установлены современные отопительные котлы</bdi></a>. <i>Zamandash Press</i> (in Russian). 2010-12-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-08-21</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Kyrgyzstan&rft.atitle=%D0%92+%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85+%D0%B1%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%83%D1%87%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%82+%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8B&rft.date=2010-12-01&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zpress.kg%2Fnews%2Fnews_only%2F3%2F25402%2F46&rft.jtitle=Zamandash+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sebastien Peyrouse, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.silkroadstudies.org/new/docs/Silkroadpapers/2007/0709China-Central_Asia.pdf">Economic Aspects of China-Central Asia Rapprochment</a>. Central Asia - Caucasus Institute, Silk Road Studies Program. 2007. p.18.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0,,contentMDK:20394793~menuPK:1192714~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html">Data - Finance</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://bs-agro.com/index.php/news/kazakhstan/14859-kazakhstan-kyrgyzstan-hopes-to-expand-exports-of-dairy-products-to-southern-kazakhstan">Kazakhstan: Kyrgyzstan hopes to expand exports of dairy products to Southern Kazakhstan</a></span></li> </ol> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.iwpr.net/?p=bkg&s=b&o=325594&apc_state=henh">Minister wants bigger role for local mining firms</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.kyrgyztradecouncil.org/">Kyrgyz-North America Trade Council, New York USA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.amcham.kg/">American Chamber of Commerce in Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.ibc.kg/">International Business Council, Bishkek</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://www.bdk.org/">Bishkek Business Club</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://bs-agro.com/index.php/news/other-countries/13742-kyrgyzstan-kyrgyzstan-has-great-potential-to-become-a-center-of-organic-production-in-central-asia"><i>Kyrgyzstan: Kyrgyzstan has great potential to become a center of organic production in Central Asia</i></a></li> </ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a 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style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">System</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_accession_and_membership" title="World Trade Organization accession and membership" class="mw-redirect">Accession and membership</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appellate_Body" title="Appellate Body">Appellate Body</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispute_Settlement_Body" title="Dispute Settlement Body">Dispute Settlement Body</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Trade_Centre" title="International Trade Centre">International Trade Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Timeline of the World Trade Organization">Chronology of key events</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Issues</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Criticism of the World Trade Organization">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doha_Development_Round" title="Doha Development Round">Doha Development Round</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore_issues" title="Singapore issues">Singapore issues</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quota_Elimination" title="Quota Elimination">Quota Elimination</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace_Clause" title="Peace Clause">Peace Clause</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Agreements</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_Agriculture" title="Agreement on Agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Application_of_Sanitary_and_Phytosanitary_Measures" title="Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures">Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_Technical_Barriers_to_Trade" title="Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade">Technical Barriers to Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade_Related_Investment_Measures" title="Agreement on Trade Related Investment Measures">Trade Related Investment Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Trade_in_Services" title="General Agreement on Trade in Services">Trade in Services</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Aspects_of_Intellectual_Property_Rights" title="Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights" class="mw-redirect">Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agreement_on_Government_Procurement" title="Agreement on Government Procurement">Government Procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Technology_Agreement" title="Information Technology Agreement">Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marrakech_Agreement" title="Marrakech Agreement" class="mw-redirect">Marrakech Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doha_Declaration" title="Doha Declaration">Doha Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bali_Package" title="Bali Package">Bali Package</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministerial_Conference" title="Ministerial Conference">Ministerial<br/> Conferences</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1996" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1996">1st (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1998" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1998">2nd (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1999" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999">3rd (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2001" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2001">4th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2003" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2003">5th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2005" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005">6th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2009" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2009">7th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2011" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011">8th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2013" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013">9th (2013)</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">People</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_Lamy" title="Pascal Lamy">Pascal Lamy</a> (<a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Director-General_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Director-General of the World Trade Organization">Director-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Azev%C3%AAdo" title="Roberto Azevêdo">Roberto Azevêdo</a> (Elected Director-General)</li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supachai_Panitchpakdi" title="Supachai Panitchpakdi">Supachai Panitchpakdi</a> (Former Director-General)</li> <li>Deputy Directors-General: <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alejandro_Jara" title="Alejandro Jara">Alejandro Jara</a></li> <li>Valentine Rugwabiza</li> <li>Harsha Singh</li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rufus_Yerxa" title="Rufus Yerxa">Rufus Yerxa</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Members</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Algeria" title="Economy of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Angola" title="Economy of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Economy of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Argentina" title="Economy of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Australia" title="Economy of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bahrain" title="Economy of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Barbados" title="Economy of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Belize" title="Economy of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Benin" title="Economy of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bolivia" title="Economy of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Botswana" title="Economy of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Brazil" title="Economy of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Brunei" title="Economy of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Economy of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Burma" title="Economy of Burma">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Burundi" title="Economy of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cambodia" title="Economy of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cameroon" title="Economy of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Canada" title="Economy of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cape_Verde" title="Economy of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Chad" title="Economy of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Chile" title="Economy of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Colombia" title="Economy of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Costa_Rica" title="Economy of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire" title="Economy of Côte d'Ivoire" class="mw-redirect">Côte d'Ivoire</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba" title="Economy of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Djibouti" title="Economy of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Dominica" title="Economy of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Economy of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Ecuador" title="Economy of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" title="Economy of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_El_Salvador" title="Economy of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">European Union</a>¹</li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Fiji" title="Economy of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Gabon" title="Economy of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Ghana" title="Economy of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" title="Economy of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guatemala" title="Economy of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea" title="Economy of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Economy of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Guyana" title="Economy of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Haiti" title="Economy of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Honduras" title="Economy of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>²</li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Israel" title="Economy of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Jamaica" title="Economy of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Japan" title="Economy of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Jordan" title="Economy of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Kenya" title="Economy of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Korea#Economy" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Kuwait" title="Economy of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><strong class="selflink">Kyrgyzstan</strong></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Lesotho" title="Economy of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Economy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Macau" title="Economy of Macau">Macau</a>²</li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Economy of the Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Madagascar" title="Economy of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Malawi" title="Economy of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Malaysia" title="Economy of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Maldives" title="Economy of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mali" title="Economy of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritania" title="Economy of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritius" title="Economy of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mexico" title="Economy of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mongolia" title="Economy of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Montenegro" title="Economy of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Morocco" title="Economy of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mozambique" title="Economy of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Namibia" title="Economy of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Nepal" title="Economy of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_New_Zealand" title="Economy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Nicaragua" title="Economy of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Niger" title="Economy of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Nigeria" title="Economy of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Oman" title="Economy of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan" title="Economy of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Panama" title="Economy of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Economy of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Paraguay" title="Economy of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Peru" title="Economy of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippines" title="Economy of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Qatar" title="Economy of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Rwanda" title="Economy of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Economy of Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Samoa" title="Economy of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Senegal" title="Economy of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Economy of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore" title="Economy of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Solomon_Islands" title="Economy of the Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Economy of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" title="Economy of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Swaziland" title="Economy of Swaziland">Swaziland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Switzerland" title="Economy of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Taiwan</a>³</li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Tanzania" title="Economy of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Thailand" title="Economy of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Togo" title="Economy of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Tonga" title="Economy of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Economy of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Tunisia" title="Economy of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Uganda" title="Economy of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Economy of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Uruguay" title="Economy of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Venezuela" title="Economy of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Vietnam" title="Economy of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Zimbabwe" title="Economy of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li> </ul> <hr/> <p><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%">1. All twenty-eight member states of the <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> are also members of the WTO in their own right:</span></p> <ul> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary" title="Economy of Hungary">Hungary</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Latvia" title="Economy of Latvia">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></span></li> <li><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></span></li> </ul> <p><span style="text-align:left; font-size:85%">2. <a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_administrative_region_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China" class="mw-redirect">Special administrative region of the People's Republic of China</a>, participates as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao China". 3. Officially the Republic of China, participates as "<a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu</a>"</span></p> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">v</span></a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><span title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">t</span></a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Asia_topic&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">e</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Asia" title="Economy of Asia">Economy of Asia</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Afghanistan" title="Economy of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Azerbaijan" title="Economy of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bahrain" title="Economy of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Bhutan" title="Economy of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Brunei" title="Economy of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Burma" title="Economy of Burma">Burma (Myanmar)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cambodia" title="Economy of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_East_Timor" title="Economy of East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" title="Economy of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Iran" title="Economy of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Iraq" title="Economy of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Israel" title="Economy of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Japan" title="Economy of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Jordan" title="Economy of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_North_Korea" title="Economy of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Kuwait" title="Economy of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><strong class="selflink">Kyrgyzstan</strong></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Laos" title="Economy of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Lebanon" title="Economy of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Malaysia" title="Economy of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Maldives" title="Economy of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Mongolia" title="Economy of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Nepal" title="Economy of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Oman" title="Economy of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan" title="Economy of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippines" title="Economy of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Qatar" title="Economy of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore" title="Economy of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Economy of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Syria" title="Economy of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Tajikistan" title="Economy of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Thailand" title="Economy of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Turkmenistan" title="Economy of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Economy of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Uzbekistan" title="Economy of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Vietnam" title="Economy of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Yemen" title="Economy of Yemen">Yemen</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br/> limited recognition</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150315033622/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Abkhazia" title="Economy of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a 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