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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jacques Doriot</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96%CE%B1%CE%BA_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%8C" title="Ζακ Ντοριό – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ζακ Ντοριό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90%ED%81%AC_%EB%8F%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4" title="자크 도리오 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자크 도리오" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%99_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D" title="ჟაკ დორიო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჟაკ დორიო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88" title="جاك دوريو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاك دوريو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AA" title="ジャック・ドリオ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャック・ドリオ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE,_%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Дорио, Жак – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Дорио, Жак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Doriot" title="Jacques Doriot – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jacques Doriot" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Jacques Doriot</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Doriot_PPF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jacques_Doriot_PPF.jpg/220px-Jacques_Doriot_PPF.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jacques_Doriot_PPF.jpg/330px-Jacques_Doriot_PPF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jacques_Doriot_PPF.jpg/440px-Jacques_Doriot_PPF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1085" data-file-height="1457" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Picture of Doriot during the occupation, 1941</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Leader of <a href="/wiki/French_Popular_Party" title="French Popular Party">French Popular Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />28 June 1936 – 22 February 1945</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Christian Lesueur</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Mayor_(France)" title="Mayor (France)">Mayor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint-Denis</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1 February 1931 – 25 May 1937</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Gaston Venet</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Fernand Grenier</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1898-09-26</span>)</span>26 September 1898<br /><a href="/wiki/Bresles" title="Bresles">Bresles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oise" title="Oise">Oise</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">22 February 1945<span style="display:none">(1945-02-22)</span> (aged 46)<br /><a href="/wiki/Mengen,_Germany" title="Mengen, Germany">Mengen</a>, <a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Württemberg">Württemberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data">Air attack</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Mengen,_Germany" title="Mengen, Germany">Mengen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a> <small>(1928–1934)</small><br />Independent <small>(1934–1936)</small><br /><a href="/wiki/French_Popular_Party" title="French Popular Party">French Popular Party</a> <small>(1936–1945)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Politician</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French Third Republic</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> (1916)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/War_Ensign_of_Germany_%281938%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-War_Ensign_of_Germany_%281938%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/War_Ensign_of_Germany_%281938%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-War_Ensign_of_Germany_%281938%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/War_Ensign_of_Germany_%281938%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-War_Ensign_of_Germany_%281938%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> (1941)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a> (1944)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1916–1918 (<a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">French Third Republic</a>)<br />1941–1944 (<a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oberleutnant" title="Oberleutnant">Oberleutnant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sturmbannf%C3%BChrer" title="Sturmbannführer">Sturmbannführer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_French_Volunteers_Against_Bolshevism" title="Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism">Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Croix_de_Guerre" title="Croix de Guerre">Croix de Guerre</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron Cross Second Class</a><br /><a href="/wiki/War_Merit_Cross" title="War Merit Cross">War Merit Cross Second Class</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Front Medal">Eastern Front Medal</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jacques Doriot</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʒak<span class="wrap"> </span>dɔʁjo]</a></span>; 26 September 1898 – 22 February 1945) was a French politician, initially communist, later fascist, before and during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. </p><p>In 1936, after his exclusion from the <a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a>, he founded the <a href="/wiki/French_Popular_Party" title="French Popular Party">French Popular Party</a> (PPF) and took over the newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/La_Libert%C3%A9_(French_newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="La Liberté (French newspaper)">La Liberté</a></i>, which took a stand against the <a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">Popular Front</a>. </p><p>During the war, Doriot was a radical supporter of <a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany_and_Fascist_Italy" title="Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy">collaboration</a> and contributed to the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_French_Volunteers_Against_Bolshevism" title="Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism">Legion of French Volunteers against Bolshevism</a> (LVF). He fought personally in German uniform on the Eastern Front, with the rank of lieutenant.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_politics">Early life and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Doriot&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Doriot moved to <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint Denis</a>, near Paris, at an early age and became a labourer. In 1916, in the midst of World War I, he became a committed <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialist</a>, but his political activity was halted by his joining the <a href="/wiki/French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a> in 1917. Participating in active combat during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Doriot was captured by enemy troops and remained a <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoner of war</a> until 1918. For his wartime service, especially for rescuing a fellow wounded soldier from <a href="/wiki/No_man%27s_land" title="No man's land">no-mans-land</a>, Doriot was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Croix_de_Guerre_1914%E2%80%931918_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)">Croix de guerre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Doriot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Jacques_Doriot.jpg/220px-Jacques_Doriot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Jacques_Doriot.jpg/330px-Jacques_Doriot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Jacques_Doriot.jpg/440px-Jacques_Doriot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2339" data-file-height="3119" /></a><figcaption>Doriot in 1929</figcaption></figure> <p>After being released, he returned to France and in 1920 joined the <a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a> (PCF), quickly rising through the party - within a few years, he had become one of the PCF's major leaders. In 1922 he became a member of the Presidium of the Executive Committee of the <a href="/wiki/Comintern" class="mw-redirect" title="Comintern">Comintern</a>, and a year later was made Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Mouvement_Jeunes_Communistes_de_France" title="Mouvement Jeunes Communistes de France">French Federation of Young Communists</a>. In 1923, Doriot was arrested for violently protesting <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Ruhr" title="Occupation of the Ruhr">French occupation of the Ruhr Area</a>. He was released a year later, upon being elected to the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(France)" title="Chamber of Deputies (France)">French Chamber of Deputies</a> (the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a> equivalent of the <a href="/wiki/French_National_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="French National Assembly">National Assembly</a>) by the people of Saint Denis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fascism">Fascism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Doriot&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Fascism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1931, Doriot was elected <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">mayor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint Denis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around this time, he opposed the "<a href="/wiki/Social_fascism" title="Social fascism">social fascism</a>" theory and came to advocate a <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_(France)" title="Popular Front (France)">Popular Front</a> alliance between the Communists and other French socialist parties with whom Doriot sympathized on a number of issues and worried that exclusion would alienate valuable political allies.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although this would soon become official Communist Party policy, at the time it was seen as heretical and Doriot was expelled from the Communist Party in 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This expulsion provoked a great sadness in Doriot, but above all a great anger and a thirst for revenge against the PCF leadership.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Doriot_1936.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Jacques_Doriot_1936.jpg/220px-Jacques_Doriot_1936.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Jacques_Doriot_1936.jpg/330px-Jacques_Doriot_1936.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Jacques_Doriot_1936.jpg/440px-Jacques_Doriot_1936.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1313" data-file-height="926" /></a><figcaption>Doriot speaking at the first meeting of the French Popular Party, 1936</figcaption></figure> <p>Still a member of the Chamber of Deputies, Doriot struck back at the Communists who had renounced him: now bitter towards the <a href="/wiki/Comintern" class="mw-redirect" title="Comintern">Comintern</a>, his views turned to embrace the French nation, evolving into a 'national' socialism—as opposed to the socialism of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Third International</a>. By now embodying fascist more than socialist ideals, Doriot founded the <a href="/wiki/Ultra-nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra-nationalist">ultra-nationalist</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Parti_Populaire_Fran%C3%A7ais" class="mw-redirect" title="Parti Populaire Français">Parti Populaire Français</a></i> (PPF) in 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Doriot and his supporters were vocal advocates of France becoming organized along the lines of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy#Fascist_regime_.281922.E2.80.931943.29" title="Kingdom of Italy">Fascist Italy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> and were bitter opponents of Socialist Premier <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Léon Blum</a> and his <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_(France)" title="Popular Front (France)">Popular Front</a> coalition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collaboration">Collaboration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Doriot&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Collaboration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Brasillach,_Jacques_Doriot,_Claude_Jeantet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Robert_Brasillach%2C_Jacques_Doriot%2C_Claude_Jeantet.jpg/220px-Robert_Brasillach%2C_Jacques_Doriot%2C_Claude_Jeantet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Robert_Brasillach%2C_Jacques_Doriot%2C_Claude_Jeantet.jpg/330px-Robert_Brasillach%2C_Jacques_Doriot%2C_Claude_Jeantet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Robert_Brasillach%2C_Jacques_Doriot%2C_Claude_Jeantet.jpg/440px-Robert_Brasillach%2C_Jacques_Doriot%2C_Claude_Jeantet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="859" data-file-height="645" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brasillach" title="Robert Brasillach">Robert Brasillach</a>, Jacques Doriot and <a href="/wiki/Claude_Jeantet" title="Claude Jeantet">Claude Jeantet</a> photographed on the Eastern Front, 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>When France went to war with Germany in 1939, Doriot was mobilized and fought at the front as a sergeant.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the armistice in June 1940, he was demobilized. He became a staunch pro-German and supported <a href="/wiki/Military_Administration_in_France_(Nazi_Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Administration in France (Nazi Germany)">Germany's occupation of northern France</a> in 1940, specifically due to Hitler's anti-Bolshevik policy.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Doriot resided in <a href="/wiki/Wartime_collaboration" title="Wartime collaboration">collaborationist</a> <a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a> for a time and was made a member of the National Council of Vichy France in January 1941, but he eventually found that the Vichy regime was not nearly as Fascist as he had hoped it would be and moved to occupied Paris, where he espoused pro-German and anti-communist propaganda on <a href="/wiki/Radio_Paris" title="Radio Paris">Radio Paris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1941, he and fellow fascist collaborator <a href="/wiki/Marcel_D%C3%A9at" title="Marcel Déat">Marcel Déat</a> founded the <i><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_des_Volontaires_Fran%C3%A7ais" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion des Volontaires Français">Légion des Volontaires Français</a></i> (LVF), a French unit of the <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques_Doriot_na_froncie_w_Normandii._(2-364).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Jacques_Doriot_na_froncie_w_Normandii._%282-364%29.jpg/220px-Jacques_Doriot_na_froncie_w_Normandii._%282-364%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Jacques_Doriot_na_froncie_w_Normandii._%282-364%29.jpg/330px-Jacques_Doriot_na_froncie_w_Normandii._%282-364%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Jacques_Doriot_na_froncie_w_Normandii._%282-364%29.jpg/440px-Jacques_Doriot_na_froncie_w_Normandii._%282-364%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2497" /></a><figcaption>Doriot in conversation with residents of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint-L%C3%B4" title="Battle of Saint-Lô">destroyed</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Saint-L%C3%B4" title="Saint-Lô">Saint-Lô</a>, July 1944.</figcaption></figure> <p>Doriot fought with the LVF and saw active duty on the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a> when Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941 and was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Cross" title="Iron Cross">Iron Cross</a> in 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his absence leadership of the PPF officially passed to a directorate, although real power came to lie with <a href="/wiki/Maurice-Yvan_Sicard" title="Maurice-Yvan Sicard">Maurice-Yvan Sicard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1944, Doriot travelled to Germany and made contact with the former members of the Vichy regime and other collaborators who had gathered together in the <a href="/wiki/Sigmaringen_enclave" title="Sigmaringen enclave">Sigmaringen enclave</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Doriot's PPF struggled to assume a leadership role within the French expatriate community, basing itself in <a href="/wiki/Mainau" title="Mainau">Mainau</a> and setting up its own radio station, <i>Radio-Patrie</i>, at <a href="/wiki/Bad_Mergentheim" title="Bad Mergentheim">Bad Mergentheim</a> and publishing its own paper <i>Le Petit Parisien</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PPF was also involved in conducting intelligence and sabotage activities by supplying some volunteers whom the Germans dropped by parachute into liberated France.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was killed on 22 February 1945 while traveling from Mainau to Sigmaringen when his car was strafed by Allied fighter planes. He was buried in <a href="/wiki/Mengen,_Germany" title="Mengen, Germany">Mengen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Doriot&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Bombacci" title="Nicola Bombacci">Nicola Bombacci</a>, one of the founders of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Italy">Communist Party of Italy</a> but later became a fascist and a supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Doriot&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095727332">"Jacques Doriot"</a>. <i>Oxford Reference</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Reference&rft.atitle=Jacques+Doriot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fdisplay%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803095727332&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrier1968" class="citation book cs1">Carrier, Fred James (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=z9B8AAAAMAAJ&q=Jacques+Doriot+croix+de+guerre"><i>Jacques Doriot: A Political Biography</i></a>. University of Wisconsin. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jacques+Doriot%3A+A+Political+Biography&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=University+of+Wisconsin&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Carrier&rft.aufirst=Fred+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dz9B8AAAAMAAJ%26q%3DJacques%2BDoriot%2Bcroix%2Bde%2Bguerre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2005" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Martin (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xlD0JS16w9oC&dq=Jacques+Doriot+mayor+1931&pg=PA9"><i>The French Empire Between the Wars: Imperialism, Politics and Society</i></a>. Manchester University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-6518-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-6518-7"><bdi>978-0-7190-6518-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+French+Empire+Between+the+Wars%3A+Imperialism%2C+Politics+and+Society&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-6518-7&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxlD0JS16w9oC%26dq%3DJacques%2BDoriot%2Bmayor%2B1931%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoisington1970" class="citation journal cs1">Hoisington, William A. (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44581635">"Class Against Class: The French Communist Party and the Comintern: A Study of Election Tactics in 1928"</a>. <i>International Review of Social History</i>. <b>15</b> (1): 19–42, 28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0020859000003746">10.1017/S0020859000003746</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0020-8590">0020-8590</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44581635">44581635</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Review+of+Social+History&rft.atitle=Class+Against+Class%3A+The+French+Communist+Party+and+the+Comintern%3A+A+Study+of+Election+Tactics+in+1928&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=19-42%2C+28&rft.date=1970&rft.issn=0020-8590&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44581635%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0020859000003746&rft.aulast=Hoisington&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44581635&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alexander 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803171454/http://www.liberation.fr/evenement/1998/12/30/les-grands-exclus-du-pcf_254623">"Les grands exclus du PCF"</a>. <i>Libération.fr</i> (in French). 1998-12-30. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liberation.fr/evenement/1998/12/30/les-grands-exclus-du-pcf_254623">the original</a> on 3 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lib%C3%A9ration.fr&rft.atitle=Les+grands+exclus+du+PCF.&rft.date=1998-12-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberation.fr%2Fevenement%2F1998%2F12%2F30%2Fles-grands-exclus-du-pcf_254623&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLepage2016" class="citation book cs1">Lepage, Jean-Denis (2016-12-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zUKqDQAAQBAJ&dq=Doriot+founded+the+ultra-nationalist+Parti+Populaire+Fran%C3%A7ais+(PPF)+in+1936&pg=PT151"><i>Hitler's Stormtroopers: The SA, The Nazis' Brownshirts, 1922–1945</i></a>. Frontline Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84832-427-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84832-427-5"><bdi>978-1-84832-427-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hitler%27s+Stormtroopers%3A+The+SA%2C+The+Nazis%27+Brownshirts%2C+1922%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Frontline+Books&rft.date=2016-12-19&rft.isbn=978-1-84832-427-5&rft.aulast=Lepage&rft.aufirst=Jean-Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzUKqDQAAQBAJ%26dq%3DDoriot%2Bfounded%2Bthe%2Bultra-nationalist%2BParti%2BPopulaire%2BFran%25C3%25A7ais%2B%28PPF%29%2Bin%2B1936%26pg%3DPT151&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/fascism/Extreme-nationalism">"Fascism - Extreme Nationalism, Authoritarianism, Totalitarianism | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-05-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Fascism+-+Extreme+Nationalism%2C+Authoritarianism%2C+Totalitarianism+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Ffascism%2FExtreme-nationalism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaxena2014" class="citation book cs1">Saxena, Shalini (2014-07-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TX9hDwAAQBAJ&dq=Doriot,+subordinated+their+nationalism+to+Hitler%E2%80%99s+crusade+against+bolshevism&pg=PA75"><i>Dictatorship, Fascism, and Totalitarianism</i></a>. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62275-350-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62275-350-5"><bdi>978-1-62275-350-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictatorship%2C+Fascism%2C+and+Totalitarianism&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group%2C+Inc&rft.date=2014-07-15&rft.isbn=978-1-62275-350-5&rft.aulast=Saxena&rft.aufirst=Shalini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTX9hDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DDoriot%2C%2Bsubordinated%2Btheir%2Bnationalism%2Bto%2BHitler%25E2%2580%2599s%2Bcrusade%2Bagainst%2Bbolshevism%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFenby2010" class="citation book cs1">Fenby, Jonathan (2010-06-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dhuNIR6GKPcC&dq=%22radio+paris%22+doriot&pg=PT71"><i>The General: Charles De Gaulle and the France He Saved</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85720-067-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85720-067-9"><bdi>978-0-85720-067-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+General%3A+Charles+De+Gaulle+and+the+France+He+Saved&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2010-06-24&rft.isbn=978-0-85720-067-9&rft.aulast=Fenby&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdhuNIR6GKPcC%26dq%3D%2522radio%2Bparis%2522%2Bdoriot%26pg%3DPT71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilnerParsons2003" class="citation book cs1">Milner, S.; Parsons, N. (2003-11-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7QCBDAAAQBAJ&dq=Jacques+Doriot+iron+cross&pg=PA170"><i>Reinventing France: State and Society in the Twenty-First Century</i></a>. Springer. p. 170. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-4818-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-4818-2"><bdi>978-1-4039-4818-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reinventing+France%3A+State+and+Society+in+the+Twenty-First+Century&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2003-11-25&rft.isbn=978-1-4039-4818-2&rft.aulast=Milner&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Parsons%2C+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7QCBDAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DJacques%2BDoriot%2Biron%2Bcross%26pg%3DPA170&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Littlejohn, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Patriotic_Traitors" title="The Patriotic Traitors">The Patriotic Traitors</a></i>, London: Heinemann, 1972, p. 272</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMauthner2016" class="citation book cs1">Mauthner, Martin (2016-04-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i16VEAAAQBAJ&dq=radio+paris+doriot&pg=PT441"><i>Otto Abetz and His Paris Acolytes: French Writers Who Flirted with Fascism, 1930-1945</i></a>. Liverpool University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78284-295-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78284-295-8"><bdi>978-1-78284-295-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Otto+Abetz+and+His+Paris+Acolytes%3A+French+Writers+Who+Flirted+with+Fascism%2C+1930-1945&rft.pub=Liverpool+University+Press&rft.date=2016-04-26&rft.isbn=978-1-78284-295-8&rft.aulast=Mauthner&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di16VEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dradio%2Bparis%2Bdoriot%26pg%3DPT441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Olivier Pigoreau, "Rendez-vous tragique à Mengen" 53-61 in (2009) 34 <i>Batailles: l'Histoire Militaire du XXe siècle</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pierre-Philippe Lambert and Gérard Le Marrec, <i>Les Français sous le casque allemand</i> Granchier, 1994. Some 95 Frenchmen were dropped into liberated France, but some were Milice or Franciste members.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Doriot, French Pro-Nazi" 4.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Doriot&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Alexander, Martin and Helen Graham (1989). <i> The French and Spanish Popular Fronts: Comparative Perspectives</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</li> <li>Allardyce, Gilbert (1966). "The Political Transitions of Jacques Doriot." <i>Journal of Contemporary History</i>. 1 (1966).</li> <li>Arnold, Edward (2000). <i>The Development of the Radical Right in France: From Boulanger to le Pen</i>. London: Macmillan.</li> <li>(1945). "Jacques Doriot, French Pro-Nazi, is Killed by Allied Fliers, Germans Report." <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>. February 24.</li> <li>Soucy, Robert (1966). "The Nature of Fascism in France." <i>Journal of Contemporary History</i>. 1 (1966).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Doriot&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081002042617/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,790459,00.html">"The Great Is Back"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> magazine</i>. 1942-05-11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,790459,00.html">the original</a> on October 2, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time+magazine&rft.atitle=The+Great+Is+Back&rft.date=1942-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C790459%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJacques+Doriot" class="Z3988"></span> Time Magazine, May 11, 1942.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/004173">Newspaper clippings about Jacques Doriot</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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right"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Far-right_politics_in_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_far-right_movements_in_France" title="History of far-right movements in France">Far-right politics in France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precursors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Bonald" title="Louis de Bonald">Bonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Ernest_Boulanger" title="Georges Ernest Boulanger">Boulanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_de_Gobineau" title="Arthur de Gobineau">de Gobineau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">de Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Drumont" title="Édouard Drumont">Drumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Vacher_de_Lapouge" title="Georges Vacher de Lapouge">de Lapouge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-1945 groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Action_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Action Française">Action Française</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_League_of_France" title="Antisemitic League of France">Antisemitic League of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breton_National_Party" title="Breton National Party">Breton National Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Camelots_du_Roi" title="Camelots du Roi">Camelots du Roi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Croix-de-Feu" title="Croix-de-Feu">Croix-de-Feu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Faisceau" class="mw-redirect" title="Faisceau">Faisceau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_National-Collectivist_Party" title="French National-Collectivist Party">French National-Collectivist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Popular_Party" title="French Popular Party">French Popular Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeunesses_Patriotes" title="Jeunesses Patriotes">Jeunesses Patriotes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Cagoule" title="La Cagoule">La Cagoule</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ligue_des_Patriotes" title="Ligue des Patriotes">Ligue des Patriotes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Milice" title="Milice">Milice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mouvement_Franciste" title="Mouvement Franciste">Mouvement Franciste</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Popular_Rally" title="National Popular Rally">National Popular Rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Social_Movement" title="Revolutionary Social Movement">Revolutionary Social Movement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Service_d%27ordre_l%C3%A9gionnaire" title="Service d'ordre légionnaire">Service d'ordre légionnaire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Solidarit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Solidarité Française">Solidarité Française</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenshirts_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenshirts (France)">Greenshirts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-1945 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Barr%C3%A8s" title="Maurice Barrès">Barrès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Bainville" title="Jacques Bainville">Bainville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Benoist-M%C3%A9chin" title="Jacques Benoist-Méchin">Benoist-Méchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Bonnard" title="Abel Bonnard">Bonnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brasillach" title="Robert Brasillach">Brasillach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Bucard" title="Marcel Bucard">Bucard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cl%C3%A9menti_(politician)" title="Pierre Clémenti (politician)">Clémenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Coston" title="Henry Coston">Coston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Darnand" title="Joseph Darnand">Darnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Daudet" title="Léon Daudet">Daudet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_D%C3%A9at" title="Marcel Déat">Déat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Deloncle" title="Eugène Deloncle">Deloncle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_D%C3%A9roul%C3%A8de" title="Paul Déroulède">Déroulède</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Dorg%C3%A8res" title="Henry Dorgères">Dorgères</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Doriot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Drieu_La_Rochelle" title="Pierre Drieu La Rochelle">Drieu La Rochelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laval" title="Pierre Laval">Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_Maulnier" title="Thierry Maulnier">Maulnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras">Maurras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Maxence" title="Jean-Pierre Maxence">Maxence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Ousset" title="Jean Ousset">Ousset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Pétain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_Plateau" title="Marius Plateau">Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Pujo" title="Maurice Pujo">Pujo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Rebatet" title="Lucien Rebatet">Rebatet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Vallat" title="Xavier Vallat">Vallat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Vaugeois" title="Henri Vaugeois">Vaugeois</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct<br />post-1945 groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Martel_Group" title="Charles Martel Group">Charles Martel Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe-Action" title="Europe-Action">Europe-Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Rally_for_Liberty" title="European Rally for Liberty">European Rally for Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_d%27action_nationale_et_europ%C3%A9enne" title="Fédération d'action nationale et européenne">Fédération d'action nationale et européenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Nationalist_Students" title="Federation of Nationalist Students">Federation of Nationalist Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_and_European_Nationalist_Party" title="French and European Nationalist Party">French and European Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_Alg%C3%A9rie_Fran%C3%A7aise" class="mw-redirect" title="Front Algérie Française">Front Algérie Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupe_Union_D%C3%A9fense" title="Groupe Union Défense">Groupe Union Défense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeune_Nation" title="Jeune Nation">Jeune Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%27%C5%92uvre_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="L'Œuvre Française">L'Œuvre Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_R%C3%A9sistance" title="Nouvelle Résistance">Nouvelle Résistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occident_(movement)" title="Occident (movement)">Occident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordre_Nouveau_(1960s)" title="Ordre Nouveau (1960s)">Ordre Nouveau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_Arm%C3%A9e_Secr%C3%A8te" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation Armée Secrète">Organisation Armée Secrète</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_New_Forces" title="Party of New Forces">Party of New Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phalange_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Phalange Française">Phalange Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_Network" title="Radical Network">Radical Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rassemblement_National_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Rassemblement National Français">Rassemblement National Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Nationalist_Groups" title="Revolutionary Nationalist Groups">Revolutionary Nationalist Groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troisi%C3%A8me_Voie" class="mw-redirect" title="Troisième Voie">Troisième Voie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A9_Radicale" title="Unité Radicale">Unité Radicale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Action Française">Action Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adsav" title="Adsav">Adsav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AGRIF" title="AGRIF">AGRIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alsace_First" title="Alsace First">Alsace First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_the_Defence_of_the_Memory_of_Marshal_P%C3%A9tain" title="Association for the Defence of the Memory of Marshal Pétain">Association for the Defence of the Memory of Marshal Pétain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_catholique" title="Cité catholique">Cité catholique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civitas_(movement)" title="Civitas (movement)">Civitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrefour_de_l%27Horloge" title="Carrefour de l'Horloge">Carrefour de l'Horloge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debout_la_France" title="Debout la France">Debout la France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_and_Reconciliation" title="Equality and Reconciliation">Equality and Reconciliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe-Jeunesse" title="Europe-Jeunesse">Europe-Jeunesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Nationalists_(France)" title="The Nationalists (France)">The Nationalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Renewal" title="French Renewal">French Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generation_Identity" class="mw-redirect" title="Generation Identity">Generation Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRECE" title="GRECE">GRECE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_the_South_(France)" title="League of the South (France)">League of the South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_European_Resistance" title="National Council of European Resistance">National Council of European Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Movement" title="National Republican Movement">National Republican Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_France" title="Party of France">Party of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rassemblement_National" class="mw-redirect" title="Rassemblement National">Rassemblement National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconqu%C3%AAte" title="Reconquête">Reconquête</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty,_Identity_and_Freedoms" title="Sovereignty, Identity and Freedoms">Sovereignty, Identity and Freedoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre_et_Peuple" title="Terre et Peuple">Terre et Peuple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Patriots_(France)" title="The Patriots (France)">The Patriots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-1945 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Aliot" title="Louis Aliot">Aliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Antony" title="Bernard Antony">Antony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serge_Ayoub" title="Serge Ayoub">Ayoub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bard%C3%A8che" title="Maurice Bardèche">Bardèche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Bardella" title="Jordan Bardella">Bardella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Bay" title="Nicolas Bay">Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvan_Benedetti" title="Yvan Benedetti">Benedetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Binet_(neo-Fascist)" title="René Binet (neo-Fascist)">Binet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Bompard" title="Jacques Bompard">Bompard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Bouchet" title="Christian Bouchet">Bouchet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bousquet" title="Pierre Bousquet">Bousquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvan_Blot" title="Yvan Blot">Blot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Brigneau" title="François Brigneau">Brigneau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steeve_Briois" title="Steeve Briois">Briois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaud_Camus" title="Renaud Camus">Camus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Coston" title="Henry Coston">Coston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_de_Benoist" title="Alain de Benoist">de Benoist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_de_Lesquen" title="Henry de Lesquen">de Lesquen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Dior" title="Françoise Dior">Dior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Duprat" title="François Duprat">Duprat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Faye" title="Guillaume Faye">Faye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Fredriksen" title="Mark Fredriksen">Fredriksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Gollnisch" title="Bruno Gollnisch">Gollnisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Holeindre" title="Roger Holeindre">Holeindre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Jalkh" title="Jean-François Jalkh">Jalkh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Lang" title="Carl Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Yves_Le_Gallou" title="Jean-Yves Le Gallou">Le Gallou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Le_Pen" title="Jean-Marie Le Pen">Le Pen (Jean-Marie)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Le_Pen" title="Marine Le Pen">Le Pen (Marine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Luca" title="Charles Luca">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Mabire" title="Jean Mabire">Maribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Gilles_Malliarakis" title="Jean-Gilles Malliarakis">Malliarakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Marion Maréchal">Maréchal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_M%C3%A9gret" title="Bruno Mégret">Mégret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M%C3%A9nard" title="Robert Ménard">Ménard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Messiha" title="Jean Messiha">Messiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florian_Philippot" title="Florian Philippot">Philippot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_de_Poncins" title="Léon de Poncins">de Poncins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pujo" title="Pierre Pujo">Pujo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Rachline" title="David Rachline">Rachline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Ravier" title="Stéphane Ravier">Ravier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Reynouard" title="Vincent Reynouard">Reynouard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Loup_(writer)" title="Saint-Loup (writer)">Saint-Loup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Sidos" title="Pierre Sidos">Sidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Soral" title="Alain Soral">Soral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Stirbois" title="Jean-Pierre Stirbois">Stirbois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Susini" title="Jean-Jacques Susini">Susini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Tixier-Vignancour" title="Jean-Louis Tixier-Vignancour">Tixier-Vignancour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Venner" title="Dominique Venner">Venner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Vial" title="Pierre Vial">Vial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Zemmour" title="Éric Zemmour">Zemmour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ideologies and movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Boulangisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Boulangisme">Boulangisme</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maurrassisme" title="Maurrassisme">Maurrassisme</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_Droite" title="Nouvelle Droite">Nouvelle Droite</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Pétainism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_nationale" title="Révolution nationale">Révolution nationale</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active publications and media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boulevard_Voltaire_(website)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boulevard Voltaire (website) (page does not exist)">Boulevard Voltaire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9ments" title="Éléments">Éléments</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Minute_(newspaper)" title="Minute (newspaper)">Minute</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=National-Hebdo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National-Hebdo (page does not exist)">National-Hebdo</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/National-Hebdo" class="extiw" title="fr:National-Hebdo">fr</a>]</span></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_%C3%89cole" title="Nouvelle École">Nouvelle École</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sent" title="Présent">Présent</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Courtoisie" title="Radio Courtoisie">Radio Courtoisie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rivarol_(magazine)" title="Rivarol (magazine)">Rivarol</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV-Libert%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="TV-Libertés">TV-Libertés</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dreyfus_affair" title="Dreyfus affair">Dreyfus affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Revanchism" title="Revanchism">Revanchism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_February_1934_crisis" title="6 February 1934 crisis">6 February 1934 crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_War" title="Algerian War">Algerian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Algiers_putsch_of_1961" title="Algiers putsch of 1961">Algiers putsch of 1961</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q724729#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118526855">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85349834">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121721286">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121721286">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00620594">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=skuk0000327&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1253171">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070443092">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810543360905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007462145505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14089160">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06033385?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/(num_dept)/2556">Sycomore</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/870038">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118526855.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118526855">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030269458">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6k21hf6">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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