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class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=HTML+editor" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=HTML+editor" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=HTML+editor" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=HTML+editor" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Types_of_editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Types of editors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types_of_editors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types of editors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types_of_editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Text_editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Text_editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Text editors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Text_editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WYSIWYG_HTML_editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WYSIWYG_HTML_editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>WYSIWYG HTML editors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WYSIWYG_HTML_editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Difficulties_in_achieving_WYSIWYG" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Difficulties_in_achieving_WYSIWYG"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Difficulties in achieving WYSIWYG</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Difficulties_in_achieving_WYSIWYG-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Valid_HTML_markup" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Valid_HTML_markup"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Valid HTML markup</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Valid_HTML_markup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">HTML editor</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%B1_%D8%A5%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%85_%D8%A5%D9%84" title="محرر إتش تي إم إل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محرر إتش تي إم إل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="HTML редактор – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="HTML редактор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_web" title="Editor web – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Editor web" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_editor" title="HTML editor – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="HTML editor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-redigeringsv%C3%A6rkt%C3%B8j" title="HTML-redigeringsværktøj – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="HTML-redigeringsværktøj" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-Editor" title="HTML-Editor – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="HTML-Editor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-redaktor" title="HTML-redaktor – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="HTML-redaktor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_de_p%C3%A1ginas_web" title="Editor de páginas web – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Editor de páginas web" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web-orrien_editore" title="Web-orrien editore – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Web-orrien editore" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DA%86%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84" title="ویرایشگر اچ‌تی‌ام‌ال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویرایشگر اچ‌تی‌ام‌ال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89diteur_HTML" title="Éditeur HTML – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éditeur HTML" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91%EA%B8%B0" title="HTML 편집기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="HTML 편집기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0" title="एचटीएमएल एडिटर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एचटीएमएल एडिटर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_web" title="Editor web – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Editor web" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9A_HTML" title="עורך HTML – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עורך HTML" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಎಚ್‌ಟಿಎಮ್‌ಎಲ್ ಎಡಿಟರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಎಚ್‌ಟಿಎಮ್‌ಎಲ್ ಎಡಿಟರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83" title="HTML-Редактору – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="HTML-Редактору" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-szerkeszt%C5%91_programok" title="HTML-szerkesztő programok – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="HTML-szerkesztő programok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-editor" title="HTML-editor – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="HTML-editor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%84%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="Webオーサリングツール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Webオーサリングツール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_muharriri" title="HTML muharriri – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="HTML muharriri" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edytor_HTML" title="Edytor HTML – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Edytor HTML" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_HTML" title="Editor HTML – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Editor HTML" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_HTML" title="Редактор HTML – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Редактор HTML" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-editori" title="HTML-editori – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="HTML-editori" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML-redigeringsprogram" title="HTML-redigeringsprogram – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="HTML-redigeringsprogram" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML_d%C3%BCzenleyicisi" title="HTML düzenleyicisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="HTML düzenleyicisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_HTML" title="Редактор HTML – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Редактор HTML" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%ACnh_bi%C3%AAn_t%E1%BA%ADp_HTML" title="Trình biên tập HTML – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trình biên tập HTML" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E5%99%A8" title="HTML编辑器 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="HTML编辑器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q726761#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:HTML_editors" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q726761" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> 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#36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/HTML_editor" title="Special:EditPage/HTML editor">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:HTML_editor" title="Talk:HTML editor">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Original_research plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Original_research" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>possibly contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">original research</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit">improve it</a> by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifying</a> the claims made and adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a>. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/HTML_editor" title="Special:EditPage/HTML editor">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22HTML+editor%22">"HTML editor"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22HTML+editor%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22HTML+editor%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22HTML+editor%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22HTML+editor%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22HTML+editor%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_HTML" title="Dynamic HTML">Dynamic HTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML5" title="HTML5">HTML5</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Article_element" title="Article element">article</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML_audio" title="HTML audio">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canvas_element" title="Canvas element">canvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML_video" title="HTML video">video</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XHTML" title="XHTML">XHTML</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XHTML_Basic" title="XHTML Basic">Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XHTML_Mobile_Profile" title="XHTML Mobile Profile">Mobile Profile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML_element" title="HTML element">HTML element</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meta_element" title="Meta element">meta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Div_and_span" title="Div and span">div and span</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blink_element" title="Blink element">blink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquee_element" title="Marquee element">marquee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML_attribute" title="HTML attribute">HTML attribute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alt_attribute" title="Alt attribute">alt attribute</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_(World_Wide_Web)" title="Frame (World Wide Web)">HTML frame</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">HTML editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_encodings_in_HTML" title="Character encodings in HTML">Character encodings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_XML_and_HTML_character_entity_references" title="List of XML and HTML character entity references">named characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_and_HTML" title="Unicode and HTML">Unicode</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_code" title="Language code">Language code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Document_Object_Model" title="Document Object Model">Document Object Model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browser_Object_Model" title="Browser Object Model">Browser Object Model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_sheet_(web_development)" title="Style sheet (web development)">Style sheets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Font_family_(HTML)" title="Font family (HTML)">Font family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_colors" title="Web colors">Web colors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WebCL" title="WebCL">WebCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTMX" class="mw-redirect" title="HTMX">HTMX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web3D" title="Web3D">Web3D</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WebGL" title="WebGL">WebGL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebGPU" title="WebGPU">WebGPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebXR" title="WebXR">WebXR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web_Consortium" title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W3C_Markup_Validation_Service" title="W3C Markup Validation Service">Validator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WHATWG" title="WHATWG">WHATWG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirks_mode" title="Quirks mode">Quirks mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_storage" title="Web storage">Web storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browser_engine" title="Browser engine">Rendering engine</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Comparisons</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_document_markup_languages" title="Comparison of document markup languages">Document markup languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_browser_engines" title="Comparison of browser engines">Comparison of browser engines</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:HTML" title="Template:HTML"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:HTML" title="Template talk:HTML"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:HTML" title="Special:EditPage/Template:HTML"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>An <b>HTML editor</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Computer_program" title="Computer program">program</a> used for editing <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Web_page" title="Web page">web page</a>. Although the HTML markup in a web page can be controlled with any <a href="/wiki/Text_editor" title="Text editor">text editor</a>, specialized HTML editors can offer convenience, added functionality, and organisation. For example, many HTML editors handle not only HTML, but also related technologies such as <a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" class="mw-redirect" title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</a>, <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a> and <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> or <a href="/wiki/ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">ECMAScript</a>. In some cases they also manage communication with remote web servers via <a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a> and <a href="/wiki/WebDAV" title="WebDAV">WebDAV</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Version_control_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Version control systems">version control systems</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Subversion_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Subversion (software)">Subversion</a> or <a href="/wiki/Git_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Git (software)">Git</a>. Many <a href="/wiki/Word_processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Word processing">word processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graphic_design" title="Graphic design">graphic design</a> and <a href="/wiki/Page_layout" title="Page layout">page layout</a> programs that are not dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Web_design" title="Web design">web design</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Word" title="Microsoft Word">Microsoft Word</a> or <a href="/wiki/Quark_XPress" class="mw-redirect" title="Quark XPress">Quark XPress</a>, also have the ability to function as HTML editors. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_editors">Types of editors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types of editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two main varieties of HTML editors: text and <a href="/wiki/WYSIWYG" title="WYSIWYG">WYSIWYG</a> (what you see is what you get) editors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Text_editors">Text editors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Text editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Text_editors" class="mw-redirect" title="Text editors">Text editors</a> intended for use with HTML usually provide at least <a href="/wiki/Syntax_highlighting" title="Syntax highlighting">syntax highlighting</a>. Some editors additionally feature <a href="/wiki/Template_(file_format)" title="Template (file format)">templates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toolbar" title="Toolbar">toolbars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Keyboard_shortcut" title="Keyboard shortcut">keyboard shortcuts</a> to quickly insert common <a href="/wiki/HTML_element" title="HTML element">HTML elements</a> and structures. <a href="/wiki/Wizard_(software)" title="Wizard (software)">Wizards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tooltip" title="Tooltip">tooltip</a> prompts and <a href="/wiki/Autocomplete" title="Autocomplete">autocompletion</a> may help with common tasks. </p><p>Text editors commonly used for HTML typically include either built-in functions or integration with external tools for such tasks as <a href="/wiki/Version_control" title="Version control">version control</a>, link-checking and <a href="/wiki/Validator" title="Validator">validation</a>, <a href="/wiki/HTML_Tidy" title="HTML Tidy">code cleanup and formatting</a>, spell-checking, uploading by FTP or WebDAV, and structuring as a project. Some functions, such as link checking or validation may use <a href="/wiki/Web_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Web app">online tools</a>, requiring a network connection. </p><p>Text editors require user understanding of HTML and any other web technologies the designer wishes to use like CSS, JavaScript and <a href="/wiki/Server-side_scripting" title="Server-side scripting">server-side scripting</a> languages. </p><p>To ease this requirement, some editors allow editing of the markup in more <a href="/wiki/Graphic_organizer" title="Graphic organizer">visually organized</a> modes than simple color highlighting, but in modes not considered WYSIWYG. These editors typically include the option of using <a href="/wiki/Palette_window" title="Palette window">palette windows</a> or <a href="/wiki/Dialog_box" title="Dialog box">dialog boxes</a> to edit the text-based parameters of selected <a href="/wiki/Object_(computer_science)" title="Object (computer science)">objects</a>. These palettes allow editing parameters in individual fields, or inserting new tags by filling out an onscreen form, and may include additional <a href="/wiki/Widget_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Widget (computing)">widgets</a> to present and select options when editing parameters (such as previewing an image or text styles) or an outline editor to expand and collapse HTML objects and properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WYSIWYG_HTML_editors">WYSIWYG HTML editors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: WYSIWYG HTML editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/HTML_editor" title="Special:EditPage/HTML editor">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:W3c_amaya_10_fullmode_enwiki_xfce4therapy.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/W3c_amaya_10_fullmode_enwiki_xfce4therapy.png/250px-W3c_amaya_10_fullmode_enwiki_xfce4therapy.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/W3c_amaya_10_fullmode_enwiki_xfce4therapy.png/375px-W3c_amaya_10_fullmode_enwiki_xfce4therapy.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/W3c_amaya_10_fullmode_enwiki_xfce4therapy.png/500px-W3c_amaya_10_fullmode_enwiki_xfce4therapy.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Amaya_(web_browser)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amaya (web browser)">Amaya</a> 10 HTML editor</figcaption></figure> <p>WYSIWYG HTML editors provide an editing interface which resembles how the page will be displayed in a <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a>. Because using a WYSIWYG editor may not require any HTML knowledge, they are often easier for an inexperienced computer user to get started with. </p><p>The WYSIWYG view is achieved by embedding a <a href="/wiki/Browser_engine" title="Browser engine">layout engine</a>. This may be custom-written or based upon one used in a web browser. The goal is that, at all times during editing, the <a href="/wiki/Rendering_(computer_graphics)" title="Rendering (computer graphics)">rendered</a> result should represent what will be seen later in a typical web browser. </p><p><a href="/wiki/WYSIWYM" title="WYSIWYM">WYSIWYM</a> (what you see is what you <i>mean</i>) is an alternative paradigm to WYSIWYG editors. Instead of focusing on the format or presentation of the document, it preserves the intended meaning of each element. For example, page headers, sections, paragraphs, etc. are labeled as such in the editing program, and displayed appropriately in the browser. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Difficulties_in_achieving_WYSIWYG">Difficulties in achieving WYSIWYG</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Difficulties in achieving WYSIWYG"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A given HTML document will have an inconsistent appearance on various <a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">platforms</a> and computers for several reasons: </p> <dl><dt>Different browsers and applications will render the same markup differently.</dt> <dd>The same page may display slightly differently, by example, in <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Edge" title="Microsoft Edge">Edge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> on a high-resolution screen, but it will look very different in the perfectly valid text-only <a href="/wiki/Lynx_(browser)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lynx (browser)">Lynx</a> browser. It needs to be rendered differently again on a <a href="/wiki/Personal_digital_assistant" title="Personal digital assistant">PDA</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">internet-enabled television</a> and on a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phone</a>. Usability in a <a href="/wiki/Voice_browser" title="Voice browser">speech</a> or <a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">braille</a> browser, or via a <a href="/wiki/Screen_reader" title="Screen reader">screen-reader</a> working with a conventional browser, will place demands on entirely different<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (October 2020)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> aspects of the underlying HTML. All an author can do is suggest an appearance.</dd> <dt>Web browsers, like all computer software, have <a href="/wiki/Computer_bug" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer bug">bugs</a></dt> <dd>They may not conform to current <a href="/wiki/Web_standards" title="Web standards">standards</a>. It is hopeless to try to design Web pages around all of the common browsers' current bugs: each time a new version of each browser comes out, a significant proportion of the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> would need re-coding to suit the new bugs and the new fixes. It is generally considered much wiser to design to standards, staying away from 'bleeding edge' features until they settle down, and then wait for the browser developers to catch up to your pages, rather than the other way round.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, no one can argue that CSS is still 'cutting edge' as there is now widespread support available in common browsers for all the major features,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> even if many WYSIWYG and other editors have not yet entirely caught up.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>A single visual style can represent multiple semantic meanings</dt> <dd>Semantic meaning, derived from the underlying structure of the HTML document, is important for search engines and also for various accessibility tools. On paper we can tell from context and experience whether bold text represents a title, or emphasis, or something else. But it is very difficult to convey this distinction in a WYSIWYG editor. Simply making a piece of text bold in a WYSIWYG editor is not sufficient to tell the reader *why* the text is bold – what the boldness represents semantically.</dd> <dt>Modern web sites are rarely constructed in a way that makes WYSIWYG useful</dt> <dd>Modern web sites typically use a <a href="/wiki/Content_management_system" title="Content management system">content management system</a> or some other <a href="/wiki/Template_processor" title="Template processor">template processor</a>-based means of constructing pages on the fly using content stored in a database. Individual pages are never stored in a filesystem as they may be designed and edited in a WYSIWYG editor, thus some form of abstracted template-based layout is inevitable, invalidating one of the main benefits of using a WYSIWYG editor.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Valid_HTML_markup">Valid HTML markup</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Valid HTML markup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>HTML is a structured <a href="/wiki/Markup_language" title="Markup language">markup language</a>. There are certain rules on how HTML must be written if it is to conform to <a href="/wiki/W3C" class="mw-redirect" title="W3C">W3C</a> standards for the World Wide Web. Following these rules means that web sites are accessible on all types and makes of computer, to able-bodied and people with disabilities, and also on <a href="/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless">wireless</a> devices like mobile phones and PDAs, with their limited bandwidths and screen sizes. However, most HTML documents on the web do not meet the requirements of W3C standards. In a study conducted in 2011 on the 350 most popular web sites (selected by the Alexa index), 94 percent of websites fail the web standards markup and style sheet validation tests, or apply character encoding improperly. Even those syntactically correct documents may be inefficient due to an unnecessary use of repetition, or based upon rules that have been <a href="/wiki/Deprecation" title="Deprecation">deprecated</a> for some years. Current W3C recommendations on the use of CSS with HTML were first formalised by W3C in 1996<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and have been revised and refined since then.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These guidelines emphasise the separation of content (HTML or XHTML) from style (CSS). This has the benefit of delivering the style information once for a whole site, not repeated in each page, let alone in each HTML element. WYSIWYG editor designers have been struggling ever since with how best to present these concepts to their users without confusing them by exposing the underlying reality. Modern WYSIWYG editors all succeed in this to some extent, but none of them has succeeded entirely. </p><p>However a web page was created or edited, WYSIWYG or by hand, in order to be successful among the greatest possible number of readers and viewers, as well as to maintain the 'worldwide' value of the Web itself, first and foremost it should consist of valid markup and code.<sup id="cite_ref-RefactoringHtml_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RefactoringHtml-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It should not be considered ready for the World Wide Web, until its HTML and CSS syntax have been successfully <a href="/wiki/Validator" title="Validator">validated</a> using either the free W3C validator services (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://validator.w3.org/">W3C HTML Validator</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/">W3C CSS Validator</a>) or some other trustworthy alternatives.<sup id="cite_ref-RefactoringHtml_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RefactoringHtml-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Accessibility" title="Accessibility">Accessibility</a> of web pages by those with physical, eyesight or other disabilities is not only a good idea considering the ubiquity and importance of the web in modern society, but is also mandated by law. In the U.S., the <a href="/wiki/Americans_with_Disabilities_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Americans with Disabilities Act">Americans with Disabilities Act</a> and in the UK, the <a href="/wiki/Disability_Discrimination_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Disability Discrimination Act">Disability Discrimination Act</a> place requirement on web sites operated by publicly funded organizations. In many other countries similar laws either already exist or soon will.<sup id="cite_ref-RefactoringHtml_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RefactoringHtml-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Web_Content_Accessibility_Guidelines" title="Web Content Accessibility Guidelines">Making pages accessible</a> is more complex than just making them valid; that is a prerequisite but there are many other factors to be considered.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Good web design, whether done using a WYSIWYG tool or not needs to take account of these too. </p><p>Whatever software tools are used to design, create and maintain web pages, the quality of the underlying HTML is dependent on the skill of the person who works on the page. Some knowledge of HTML, CSS and other scripting languages as well as a familiarity with the current W3C recommendations in these areas will help any designer produce better web pages, with a WYSIWYG <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jsfeed.io/">HTML editor</a> and without.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_HTML_editors" title="Comparison of HTML editors">Comparison of HTML editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_HTML_editors" title="List of HTML editors">List of HTML editors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_template_system" title="Web template system">Web template system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Website_builder" title="Website builder">Website builder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_editor" title="Visual editor">Visual editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Validator" title="Validator">Validator</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=HTML_editor&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output 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.citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBos2003" class="citation web cs1">Bos, Bert (6 March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/People/Bos/DesignGuide/designguide.html">"An essay on W3C's design principles"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cascading+Style+Sheets&rft.pub=W3C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FStyle%2FCSS%2F%23browsers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHTML+editor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/#editors">"Cascading Style Sheets"</a>. W3C<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cascading+Style+Sheets&rft.pub=W3C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FStyle%2FCSS%2F%23editors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHTML+editor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHåkon_Wium_LieBert_Bos" class="citation web cs1">Håkon Wium Lie; Bert Bos. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS1">"Cascading Style Sheets, level 1"</a>. W3C<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cascading+Style+Sheets%2C+level+1&rft.pub=W3C&rft.au=H%C3%A5kon+Wium+Lie&rft.au=Bert+Bos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FTR%2FCSS1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHTML+editor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/">"Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS 2.1) Specification"</a>. <i>W3C</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=W3C&rft.atitle=Cascading+Style+Sheets+Level+2+Revision+1+%28CSS+2.1%29+Specification&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FTR%2FCSS21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHTML+editor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/">"XHTML™ 1.1 - Module-based XHTML - Second Edition"</a>. <i>W3C</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=W3C&rft.atitle=XHTML%E2%84%A2+1.1+-+Module-based+XHTML+-+Second+Edition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FTR%2Fxhtml11%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHTML+editor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RefactoringHtml-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RefactoringHtml_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RefactoringHtml_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RefactoringHtml_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarold2008" class="citation book cs1">Harold, Elliotte Rusty (2008). <i>Refactoring HTML</i>. Boston: Addison Wesley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-321-50363-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-321-50363-3"><bdi>978-0-321-50363-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Refactoring+HTML&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Addison+Wesley&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-321-50363-3&rft.aulast=Harold&rft.aufirst=Elliotte+Rusty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHTML+editor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20/">"Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dave+Raggett%27s+Introduction+to+HTML&rft.pub=W3C&rft.date=2005-05-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FMarkUp%2FGuide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHTML+editor" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Scintilla_(software)" title="Scintilla (software)">Scintilla</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>FlashDevelop</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geany" title="Geany">Geany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notepad%2B%2B" title="Notepad++">Notepad++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SciTE" title="SciTE">SciTE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">Web-based</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ace_(editor)" title="Ace (editor)">Ace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CKEditor" title="CKEditor">CKEditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CodeMirror" title="CodeMirror">CodeMirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ContentTools" title="ContentTools">ContentTools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupu" title="Kupu">Kupu</a></li> <li>Quill Editor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TinyMCE" title="TinyMCE">TinyMCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisualEditor" title="VisualEditor">VisualEditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WYMeditor" title="WYMeditor">WYMeditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YUI_Rich_Text_Editor" title="YUI Rich Text Editor">YUI Rich Text Editor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Freeware" title="Freeware">Freeware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_Code" title="Visual Studio Code">Visual Studio Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FirstPage" class="mw-redirect" title="FirstPage">FirstPage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Designer" title="Google Web Designer">Google Web Designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio#Community" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Visual Studio Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio_Express" title="Microsoft Visual Studio Express">Visual Studio Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobirise" title="Mobirise">Mobirise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSPad" title="PSPad">PSPad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RJ_TextEd" title="RJ TextEd">RJ TextEd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TED_Notepad" title="TED Notepad">TED Notepad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TextWrangler" class="mw-redirect" title="TextWrangler">TextWrangler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">Commercial<br /> software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">Cross-platform</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Dreamweaver" title="Adobe Dreamweaver">Adobe Dreamweaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen_XML_Editor" title="Oxygen XML Editor">Oxygen XML Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PhpStorm" class="mw-redirect" title="PhpStorm">PhpStorm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sublime_Text" title="Sublime Text">Sublime Text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UltraEdit" title="UltraEdit">UltraEdit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBEdit" title="BBEdit">BBEdit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeway_(software)" title="Freeway (software)">Freeway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PageSpinner" title="PageSpinner">PageSpinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smultron" title="Smultron">Smultron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Codelobster" title="Codelobster">Codelobster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoffeeCup_HTML_Editor" title="CoffeeCup HTML Editor">CoffeeCup HTML Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EmEditor" title="EmEditor">EmEditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Visual Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-Edit" title="Multi-Edit">Multi-Edit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetObjects_Fusion" title="NetObjects Fusion">NetObjects Fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TextPad" title="TextPad">TextPad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xara" title="Xara">Xara Web Designer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AOLpress" title="AOLpress">AOLpress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Contribute" title="Adobe Contribute">Adobe Contribute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_GoLive" title="Adobe GoLive">Adobe GoLive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_PageMill" title="Adobe PageMill">Adobe PageMill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Muse" title="Adobe Muse">Adobe Muse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaya_(web_editor)" title="Amaya (web editor)">Amaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arena_(web_browser)" title="Arena (web browser)">Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_(text_editor)" title="Atom (text editor)">Atom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claris_Home_Page" title="Claris Home Page">Home Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coda_(web_development_software)" title="Coda (web development software)">Coda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConTEXT" class="mw-redirect" title="ConTEXT">ConTEXT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EZGenerator" title="EZGenerator">EZGenerator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame-IT!" title="Frame-IT!">Frame-IT!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPHPedit" title="GPHPedit">gPHPedit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HoTMetaL" title="HoTMetaL">HoTMetaL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HotDog" title="HotDog">HotDog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWeb" title="IWeb">iWeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KompoZer" class="mw-redirect" title="KompoZer">KompoZer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macromedia_HomeSite" title="Macromedia HomeSite">HomeSite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Expression_Web" title="Microsoft Expression Web">Microsoft Expression Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_FrontPage" title="Microsoft FrontPage">Microsoft FrontPage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SharePoint_Designer" title="Microsoft SharePoint Designer">Microsoft SharePoint Designer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_WebMatrix" title="Microsoft WebMatrix">Microsoft WebMatrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Composer" title="Mozilla Composer">Mozilla Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netscape_Composer" title="Netscape Composer">Netscape Composer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nvu" class="mw-redirect" title="Nvu">Nvu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHPEdit" title="PHPEdit">PHPEdit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TkWWW" title="TkWWW">tkWWW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldWideWeb" title="WorldWideWeb">Nexus (WorldWideWeb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqetta" title="Maqetta">Maqetta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Helper tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CSS_HTML_Validator" title="CSS HTML Validator">CSS HTML Validator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FrameGang" title="FrameGang">FrameGang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML_Tidy" title="HTML Tidy">HTML Tidy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandoc" title="Pandoc">Pandoc</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" 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