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class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">40m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn 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class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/enteral-feeding-and-nutrition"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 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aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 3m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button 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_ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 18m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/wound-dressings"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE197v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Wound Dressing"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Wound Dressing</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 13m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/wound-assessment"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE195v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Wound Assessment"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Wound Assessment</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 27m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/obstetric-emergencies"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE203v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Obstetric Emergencies"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Obstetric Emergencies</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">58m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/fluid-balance-management"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE202v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Fluid Balance Management"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Fluid Balance Management</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 13m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/falls-management-in-acute-settings"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE188v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Falls Management in Acute Settings"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Falls Management in Acute Settings</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 14m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/clinical-management-of-a-tracheostomy"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE201v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Clinical Management of a Tracheostomy "></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Clinical Management of a Tracheostomy </div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 17m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/recognising-and-responding-to-deterioration"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE192v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Recognising and Responding to Clinical Deterioration"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Recognising and Responding to Clinical Deterioration</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 27m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/understanding-tracheostomies"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE200v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Understanding Tracheostomies"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Understanding Tracheostomies</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 2m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/chronic-kidney-disease"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" class="resource-card-image" src="https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE199v1.0.jpg" alt="Image for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 16m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/a-palliative-approach-to-care"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img 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_ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 8m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block 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class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Pharmacological Pain Management Options: Opioids and Other Analgesics</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">51m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/pressure-injuries"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" src="./images/image-loading-resource.gif" class="resource-card-image" alt="Image for Pressure Injuries"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Pressure Injuries</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 10m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/perinatal-mental-health-care"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" src="./images/image-loading-resource.gif" class="resource-card-image" alt="Image for Perinatal Mental Health"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Perinatal Mental Health</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 18m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/urinary-catheters-acute-settings"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" src="./images/image-loading-resource.gif" class="resource-card-image" alt="Image for Managing Urinary Catheters in Acute Settings"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Managing Urinary Catheters in Acute Settings</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">57m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c746005094></app-mn-add-to-plan-button></div></div></div></a></ui-resource-card></mn-resource-card><mn-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2751322889 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900><ui-resource-card _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class><a _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card" href="/learn/courses/chest-pain-assessment"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="img-container"><img _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 errorimage="./images/image-missing.gif" src="./images/image-loading-resource.gif" class="resource-card-image" alt="Image for Chest Pain Assessment"></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__content"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__header"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__title">Chest Pain Assessment</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__detail"><ui-progress _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 size="px" class="res-progress" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 class="progress px"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1878467724 role="progressbar" class="default progress-bar" style="width: 0%;" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuemax="100" aria-valuenow="0"></div></div></ui-progress><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__meta"><cpd-badge _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 type="resource" _nghost-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display cpd-display-resource-card cpd-display-sm"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-item"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799>CPDTime.resource</div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c3257604799 class="cpd-display-count">1h 30m</div></div></cpd-badge><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag resource-card__tag--badge"><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__tag-item">Course</div></div></div><div _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c1923909468 class="resource-card__footer"><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn resource-card-sub" hidden> Subscription needed </button><button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 class="btn btn-block btn-outline-secondary">View</button><app-mn-add-to-plan-button _ngcontent-ausmed-cpd-state-c2736206900 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src="scripts.95e3cbdca2de8816.js" defer></script><script src="main.6711a46ee1c2cb23.js" type="module"></script> <script id="ausmed-cpd-state-state" type="application/json">{"vlas":[{"resourceID":"5e5fec24-bdab-4c51-a057-0d96e63863c1","title":"Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants","activityType":"OnlineCourse","code":"COURSE133v4.0","min":40,"categories":["3a3973b8-1857-4469-936b-c68abe9cb6e9"],"topics":["aa7d3a25-39e9-41f1-adba-7ec16a86e96d","fc0f29da-ff5e-40de-b163-574841586fee","6b5dbcff-7116-4c06-ac84-2c430d1ebb41","f2e0da36-8418-4060-8c79-29897750f778","09a0c133-a25d-47ba-a10a-de5e88cdce4d","4f0169bf-7e7b-4246-8c6c-23a03cf008b9","f248683d-ed51-4a97-b3ed-8fec9518d49a","e1243d6e-75cc-46de-b437-6b517e0bb87b","bd4fb1b7-4f67-4437-8d8c-dab140aeba26"],"keywords":["Blood","Cardiology","Haematology","Medications","Pharmacy","Pulmonary","Vascular","Nurse Practitioners","Heart"],"professions":["Nurse Practitioner","Other","Registered Nurse","Enrolled 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This Ausmed Course will encourage learners to consider and understand their actions, indications, adverse reactions and interactions when caring for a person taking anticoagulants or antiplatelet medications."},"createDate":"2021-02-16T16:54:16.000Z","updateDate":"2024-11-13T21:57:58.000Z","availableDate":"2024-11-12T13:00:00.000Z","expiryDate":"2025-11-29T13:00:00.000Z","ausmedGoals":["4d0b2eb1-0e67-4579-8e6b-88d6e7b77195","9db456e5-fbb4-4af2-b448-9df9b77668e6","c63eef3f-3cbd-4216-a81a-7b4de614aa90","91cbcbe0-5002-4232-92b2-8ce16de43ad9"],"bundles":["33cce188-ee06-4ac8-a185-82c4efd472ba","1abae61e-91eb-4813-81a1-22acf58c6691"],"courseDetail":{"courseEducators":[{"relationID":"959922bb-2a4c-44c9-a7e9-a2dc627bb0e5","resourceID":"5e5fec24-bdab-4c51-a057-0d96e63863c1","educatorID":"2af33018-0d4c-45ae-9593-26069d1d5c97","educatorModel":{"educatorID":"2af33018-0d4c-45ae-9593-26069d1d5c97","email":"anne.leversha@medem.com.au","title":"Ms.","firstName":"Anne","lastName":"Leversha","createDate":"2013-07-25T00:49:17.000Z","updateDate":"2024-11-04T06:18:11.000Z","alias":"anne-leversha","contactDetail":{"position":"Clinical Senior Lecturer, Monash University Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences","department":"","organisation":"","qualifications":"Pharmacist (BPharm, MRuralHlth, FANZCAP (Edu., MedSafety), FSHP","photoURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-educator/leversha_anne.jpg?stamp=1685503356560","country":"AUS"},"eventDetail":{"topics":["f2e0da36-8418-4060-8c79-29897750f778","6baa8c8a-12ab-40d1-aade-0ce286d15ecb"],"biographyNames":["Default",""],"biographies":["\u003Cp>Anne Leversha is a Senior Lecturer at Monash University in the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences and is Director of Medication Education and Management Australia. 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Wherever possible, generic or non-proprietary names of medications or products have been used.","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). APINCHS classification of high-risk medicines [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2017 Sep [cited 2024 Nov 4. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/our-work/medication-safety/high-risk-medicines/apinchs-classification-high-risk-medicines\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/our-work/medication-safety/high-risk-medicines/apinchs-classification-high-risk-medicines\u003C/a>.","[2] MIMS online [Internet]. Crows Nest (NSW): MIMS Australia; [updated 2024 Nov 1; cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mimsonline.com.au\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.mimsonline.com.au\u003C/a>.","[3] Australian Medicines Handbook. Australian Medicines Handbook 2024. Adelaide (SA): Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd; 2024.","[4] Freedman JE, Loscalzo J. Arterial and Venous Thrombosis. In: Jameson JL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Loscalzo J. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 20 ed. New York (NY): McGraw-Hill; 2018 [cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2129&sectionid=192018757\" target=\"_blank\">https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2129&sectionid=192018757\u003C/a>.","[5] Clinical Excellence Commission. Direct Oral Anticoagulant (DOAC) Guidelines [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Clinical Excellence Commission; 2023 Oct [cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/326419/noac_guidelines.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/326419/noac_guidelines.pdf\u003C/a>.","[6] Bullock S, Manias E. Fundamentals of Pharmacology. 8th ed. Melbourne VIC: Pearson; 2017.","[7] Joseph J, Rabbolini D, Enjeti AK, Favaloro E, Kopp MC, McRae S et al. Diagnosis and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a consensus statement from the Thrombosis and Haemostasis Society of Australia and New Zealand HIT Writing Group. Med J Aust [Internet]. 2019 Jun [cited 2024 Nov 4]; 210(11):509-516. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2019/210/11/diagnosis-and-management-heparin-induced-thrombocytopenia-consensus-statement\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2019/210/11/diagnosis-and-management-heparin-induced-thrombocytopenia-consensus-statement\u003C/a> DOI: 10.5694/mja2.50213","[8] NPS MedicineWise. Predicting risk with oral anticoagulants [Internet]. Surry Hills (NSW): NPS MedicineWise; 2017 Dec 12 [updated 2021 Mar 30; cited 2023 Mar 14]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nps.org.au/news/predicting-risk-with-oral-anticoagulants\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nps.org.au/news/predicting-risk-with-oral-anticoagulants\u003C/a>.","[9] eTG Complete [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Therapeutic Guidelines Ltd; 2021 [updated 2023 May; cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/etgcomplete\" target=\"_blank\">https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/etgcomplete\u003C/a>.","[10] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Venous Thromboembolism Prevention Clinical Care Standard [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2020 [cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/clinical-care-standards/venous-thromboembolism-prevention-clinical-care-standard\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/clinical-care-standards/venous-thromboembolism-prevention-clinical-care-standard\u003C/a>.","[11] Janardan J, Gibbs H. Combining anticoagulation and antiplatelet drugs in coronary artery disease. Aust Prescr [Internet]. 2018 Aug [cited 2024 Nov 4];41(4):111-115. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nps.org.au/australian-prescriber/articles/combining-anticoagulation-and-antiplatelet-drugs-in-coronary-artery-disease\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nps.org.au/australian-prescriber/articles/combining-anticoagulation-and-antiplatelet-drugs-in-coronary-artery-disease\u003C/a>.","[12] Lowinger J, Oliver K. Clopidogrel – Proton Pump Inhibitor Drug Interaction Discussion Paper [Internet]. Darlinghurst (NSW): NSW Therapeutic Advisory Group; 2010 Feb [reviewed 2017; cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nswtag.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/clopidogrel-feb-2010.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nswtag.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/clopidogrel-feb-2010.pdf\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["65696b81-a9df-479a-ab11-f24f51ecbed5","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"5e5fec24-bdab-4c51-a057-0d96e63863c1","topicText":["Names, classes and where they act","Indications and adverse drug reactions (ADRs)","Management of bleeding","Medication interactions"],"purpose":"The purpose of this Ausmed Course is to assist with revising and increasing your knowledge of anticoagulants and antiplatelets.","targetAudience":"Pharmacists and other healthcare professionals who are involved in the prescribing, dispensing and administration of antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications throughout patient care.","disclaimer":"\u003Cp>The Content that Ausmed Education Pty Ltd and its related entities (Ausmed) provide is for your general information and educational purposes only, to assist in enabling you to satisfy your continuing professional development requirements. Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":false,"courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["b7bb93c5-292b-4cd4-9502-a47b5449815d"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","adminNote":"Clarify statement in video 3 re duration of patients without a stent taking aspirin and P2Y12 antagonist up to 12 months","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false}}}},{"resourceID":"5e1ae99d-f55f-45db-907e-94bbb5bad4fd","title":"Common Oncological Emergencies","activityType":"OnlineCourse","code":"COURSE097v1.0","min":66,"categories":["720dbc81-0555-402b-af7b-231f805bef0e","7ce2666f-1c9b-4882-90be-2cf097b776f0","cc7b0b2d-cd8b-4d7d-8554-954cf8a79d4f"],"topics":["c4c3836d-b231-4593-ab0f-6eece20f9bea","78cf0a0f-ec90-4e51-bc8e-6f810c0e8ed4","f25f93cf-3689-41d7-92b2-c8182dcc83fc","187f0dd2-05b7-40cb-8fa3-6c7edd1e247d"],"keywords":["Clinical Assessment","Emergency","Oncology","Chronic Illness"],"professions":["Community Care Worker","Health Care Worker","Personal Care Assistant (PCA)","Assistant in Nursing (AIN)","Direct Care Worker","Allied Health Assistant","Ward Assistant","Other Profession","Pharmacist","Pharmacy Student","Physiotherapy Student","Physiotherapist","Chiropractor","Chiropractic Student","Paramedic","Paramedicine Student","Psychologist","Psychology Student","Other Profession","Occupational Therapist","Occupational Therapy Student","Osteopathy Student","Osteopath","Nurse Practitioner","Other","Registered Nurse","Registered Midwife","Enrolled Nurse","Non-Practising","Student Nurse or Midwife","Chinese Medicine Practitioner","Chinese Medicine Student"],"educatorNames":["Marisa Stevens"],"aliasObject":{"resourceID":"5e1ae99d-f55f-45db-907e-94bbb5bad4fd","resourceType":"OnlineCourse","alias":"oncological-emergencies","metaTitle":"Common Oncological Emergencies | Ausmed Course | 1.1 CPD Hours","metaDescription":"This Ausmed Course is intended for registered nurses and other healthcare professionals in various healthcare settings who seek to enhance their knowledge of understanding, recognising and managing common oncological emergencies in people with cancer"},"createDate":"2024-11-11T22:56:27.000Z","updateDate":"2024-11-12T06:00:01.000Z","availableDate":"2024-11-11T13:00:00.000Z","expiryDate":"2025-11-29T13:00:00.000Z","ausmedGoals":["68cefa77-ee78-4961-922f-9d6330200ffc","1548d440-0be4-4bc5-a95a-cf48357cbbfb","4023d0c9-512a-433b-bcad-7fb8f8fd4c56","14124749-8895-4a07-a8b0-51274f10f4b0","20b2f0f7-bbe3-44fc-9ebc-dd350a3320f8"],"bundles":["33cce188-ee06-4ac8-a185-82c4efd472ba"],"courseDetail":{"courseEducators":[{"relationID":"b4268d08-28e4-4563-8577-3a5c81e6a4d2","resourceID":"5e1ae99d-f55f-45db-907e-94bbb5bad4fd","educatorID":"f15206e2-82ed-4b3d-b6d9-5cfc4a1ac001","educatorModel":{"educatorID":"f15206e2-82ed-4b3d-b6d9-5cfc4a1ac001","email":"marisa.stevens@svha.org.au","title":"Ms","firstName":"Marisa","lastName":"Stevens","createDate":"2024-08-05T02:38:35.000Z","updateDate":"2024-11-12T01:07:36.000Z","alias":"marisa-stevens","contactDetail":{"position":"Oncology Nurse Practitioner","department":"","organisation":"St Vincent's Private","qualifications":"","photoURL":"https://d143yjlan9t40t.cloudfront.net/ausmed-educator/stevens-marissa.jpg?stamp=1731373642285","country":"","allowPost":true,"allowEmail":true,"allowTextMsg":true},"eventDetail":{"biographyNames":["",""],"biographies":["I offer specialist (oncology) nursing experience in various contexts including clinical, management and education. I continually work at improving my practice to support patients and the wider healthcare team and evolve my role to meet international clinical standards in oncology nursing. Testament to this commitment is my participation in courses, conferences, studies and research work. This experience is local, national and international.My current role is as an oncology nurse practitioner is to be a central contact point for patients (adjuvant and metastatic patients), doctors, staff, allied health and family members to ensure timely, coordinated care. I offer information and provide education regarding diagnosis, treatment and side effect management to patients in particular, including follow-up support. Two important roles are that of triaging unwell patients and ensuring that effective allied health needs are met in a timely fashion. My goal is to provide individualised care. ","BA Nursing La Trobe University 1997 (offered Honors)\nBreast Cancer Nurse, La Trobe University (2003) \nLung Cancer Nurse , La Trobe University(2005)\nMasters Nurse Practitioner, University of Melbourne, (2020)"],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"5e1ae99d-f55f-45db-907e-94bbb5bad4fd","overview":"\u003Cp>Every second counts in oncological emergencies—early recognition and rapid intervention have a critical impact on the wellbeing of patients facing critical complications. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Cancer data in Australia [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): AIHW; 2023 [cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/cancer/cancer-data-in-australia/contents/overview-of-cancer-in-australia-2023\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/cancer/cancer-data-in-australia/contents/overview-of-cancer-in-australia-2023\u003C/a>.","[2] Pettineo C. Recognizing oncologic emergencies [Internet]. Doylestown (PA): The American Nurse Journal; 2023 Aug 1[cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.myamericannurse.com/recognizing-oncologic-emergencies/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.myamericannurse.com/recognizing-oncologic-emergencies/\u003C/a>.","[3] Gri N, Longhitano Y, Zanza C et al. Acute Oncologic Complications: Clinical–Therapeutic Management in Critical Care and Emergency Departments. Curr Oncol [Internet]. 2023 Aug 2 [cited 2024 May 22];30(8):7315-7334. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10453099/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10453099/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30080531.","[4] Gould BE, Quest TE, Yeung SCJ et al. Oncologic emergencies and urgencies: A comprehensive review. CA Cancer J Clin [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2024 Oct 18];72(6) 570-593. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3322/caac.21727\"target=\"_blank\">https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3322/caac.21727\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3322/caac.21727","[5] Jafari, A Rezae-Tavirani M, Salimi M, Tavakkol R & Jafari Z. Oncological Emergencies from Pathophysiology and Diagnosis to Treatment: A Narrative Review. Soc Work Public Health [Internet]. 2020 Sep 24 [cited 2024 Oct 18];35(8):689-709. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19371918.2020\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19371918.2020.1824844\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2020.1824844","[6] Berman R, Davies A, Cooksley T et al. Supportive Care: An Indispensable Component of Modern Oncology. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Oct 18];32(11):781-788. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.clinicaloncologyonline.net/article/S0936-6555(20)30314-9/fulltext\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.clinicaloncologyonline.net/article/S0936-6555(20)30314-9/fulltext\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.07.020.","[7] Cancer Council Victoria. Annual report 2022 [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Cancer Council Victoria; 2023 [cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://cancervic.org.au/research/vcr/annual-report-2022\"target=\"_blank\">https://cancervic.org.au/research/vcr/annual-report-2022\u003C/a>.","[8] Nichols H. What is bone marrow? [Internet]. London (GB): Medical News Today; 2023 [updated 2023 Apr 26; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/285666#what_is_bone_marrow\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/285666#what_is_bone_marrow\u003C/a>.","[9] American Society of Hematology. Blood basics [Internet]. Washington D.C (DC): American Society of Hematology; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/blood-basics\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/blood-basics\u003C/a>.","[10] Thahil J, Bates I. Approach to the Diagnosis and Classifications of Blood Cell Disorders. Dacie and Lewis Practical Haematology [Internet]. 2016 Oct 21 [cited 2024 Oct 18];497-510. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150139/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7150139/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-6696-2.00023-0","[11] Pathology Tests Explained. White Blood Cell Count [Internet]. Killara (NSW): Pathology Tests Explained; [updated 2023 Jun 1; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pathologytestsexplained.org.au/ptests-pro.php?q=White+Blood+Cell+Count\"target=\"_blank\">https://pathologytestsexplained.org.au/ptests-pro.php?q=White+Blood+Cell+Count\u003C/a>.","[12] Zimmer AJ, Freifeld AG. Optimal Management of Neutropenic Fever in Patients With Cancer. J Oncol Pract [Internet]. 2019 Jan [cited 2024 Oct 18];15(1):19-24. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30629902/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30629902/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1200/JOP.18.00269","[13] Lucas AJ, Olin JL, Coleman MD. Management and Preventive Measures for Febrile Neutropenia. P T [Internet]. 2018 Apr [cited 2024 Oct 18];43(4):228-232. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5871243/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5871243/\u003C/a>.","[14] Worth LJ, Lingaratnam S, Taylor A et al. Use of risk stratification to guide ambulatory management of neutropenic fever - Australian Consensus Guidelines 2011 Steering Committee. Intern Med J [Internet]. 2011 Jan [cited 2024 Oct 18];41(1b):82-89. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21272172/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21272172/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02339.x.","[15] Yale Medicine. Neutropenia [Internet]. New Haven (CT): Yale Medicine; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/neutropenia/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/neutropenia/\u003C/a>.","[16] Rapoport BL, Aapro M, Paesmans M et al. Febrile neutropenia (FN) occurrence outside of clinical trials: occurrence and predictive factors in adult patients treated with chemotherapy and an expected moderate FN risk: Rationale and design of a real-world prospective, observational, multinational study. BMC Cancer [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-018-4838-z\"target=\"_blank\">https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-018-4838-z\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4838-z","[17] South Australia Health. Febrile neutropenia clinical guideline (adults) [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): South Australia Health; 2023 Oct [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/b0a90700432af416a6def68cd21c605e/Febrile+Neutropenia+Clinical+Guideline+%28Adults%29_v2.0+FINAL+Oct+2023.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/b0a90700432af416a6def68cd21c605e/Febrile+Neutropenia+Clinical+Guideline+%28Adults%29_v2.0+FINAL+Oct+2023.pdf\u003C/a>.","[18] eviQ. Immediate management of neutropenic fever [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): eviQ; 2011 [reviewed 2022 Jan 12; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eviq.org.au/clinical-resources/oncological-emergencies/123-immediate-management-of-neutropenic-fever\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.eviq.org.au/clinical-resources/oncological-emergencies/123-immediate-management-of-neutropenic-fever\u003C/a>.","[19] Klastersky J, de Naurois J, Rolston K et al. Management of Febrile Neutropenia: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 Oct 18];27(5):111-118. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.esmo.org/guidelines/guidelines-by-topic/esmo-clinical-practice-guidelines-supportive-and-palliative-care/febrile-neutropaenia\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.esmo.org/guidelines/guidelines-by-topic/esmo-clinical-practice-guidelines-supportive-and-palliative-care/febrile-neutropaenia\u003C/a>.","[20] eviQ. Clinical resources [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): eviQ; [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eviq.org.au/clinical-resources\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.eviq.org.au/clinical-resources\u003C/a>.","[21] eviQ. Patient evaluation risk assessment and initial management [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): eviQ; 2011 [updated 2022 Jan 12; cited 2024 Oct 18]. 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Immunotherapy for cancer [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute; 2019 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/immunotherapy\u003C/a>.","[25] Cancer Australia. Immunotherapy for cancer treatment [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Cancer Australia; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/impacted-cancer/treatment/immunotherapy\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/impacted-cancer/treatment/immunotherapy\u003C/a>.","[26] Cancer Council Victoria. Immunotherapy for cancer treatment [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Cancer Council Victoria; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/treatments/treatments-types/immunotherapy\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/treatments/treatments-types/immunotherapy\u003C/a>.","[27] Haanen J, Obeid M, Spain L et al. Management of toxicities from immunotherapy: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol [Internet]. 2022 Dec [cited 2024 Oct 18];33(12):1217-1238. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36270461/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36270461/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.001","[28] Pahwa R, Goyal A, Jialal I. Chronic Inflammation [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493173/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493173/\u003C/a>.","[29] Grover S, Wang Y, Dougan M. Immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate; 2024 [reviewed 2024 Jul 17; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-colitis\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/immune-checkpoint-inhibitor-colitis\u003C/a>.","[30] Som A, Mandaliya R, Alsaadi D et al. Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis: A comprehensive review. World J Clin Cases [Internet]. 2019 Feb 26 [cited 2024 Oct 18];7(4):405-418. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30842952/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30842952/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i4.405","[31] National Cancer Institute. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0 quick reference [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Cancer Institute; 2017 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocoldevelopment/electronic_applications/docs/ctcae_v5_quick_reference_5x7.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocoldevelopment/electronic_applications/docs/ctcae_v5_quick_reference_5x7.pdf\u003C/a>.","[32] Marin-Acevedo JA, Chirila RM, Dronca RS. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicities. Mayo Clinic Proceedings [Internet]. 2019 Jul [cited 2024 Oct 18];94(7):1321-1329. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(19)30275-7/fulltext\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(19)30275-7/fulltext\u003C/a>.","[33] Calle Sarmiento PM. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Colitis: How Long Does the Threat Last?. Cureus [Internet]. 2023 Jun 19 [cited 2024 Oct 18];15(6). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37476113/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37476113/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40627","[34] UK Oncology Nursing Society (UKONS). UKONS acute oncology initial management guidelines [Internet]. London (GB): UKONS, The UK Acute Oncology Society; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ukacuteoncology.co.uk/information-hub/ao-guidelines/ukons-guidelines/ukons-acute-oncology-initial-management-guidelines\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ukacuteoncology.co.uk/information-hub/ao-guidelines/ukons-guidelines/ukons-acute-oncology-initial-management-guidelines\u003C/a>.","[35] Puzanov I, Diab A, Abdallah K et al. Managing toxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: consensus recommendations from the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Toxicity Management Working Group. J Immunother Cancer [Internet]. 2017 Nov 21 [cited 2024 Oct 18];5(1):95. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29162153/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29162153/\u003C/a>. DOI 10.1186/s40425-017-0300-z","[36] eviQ. Management of immune-related adverse events [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): eviQ; 2016 [reviewed 2024 Apr 19; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eviq.org.au/clinical-resources/side-effect-and-toxicity-management/immunological/1993-management-of-immune-related-adverse-events#gastrointestinal-toxicity\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.eviq.org.au/clinical-resources/side-effect-and-toxicity-management/immunological/1993-management-of-immune-related-adverse-events#gastrointestinal-toxicity\u003C/a>.","[37] European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). Clinical practice guideline: Management of toxicities from immunotherapy [Internet]. Lugao (CH): ESMO; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.esmo.org/guidelines/guidelines-by-topic/esmo-clinical-practice-guidelines-supportive-and-palliative-care/clinical-practice-guideline-management-of-toxicities-from-immunotherapy\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.esmo.org/guidelines/guidelines-by-topic/esmo-clinical-practice-guidelines-supportive-and-palliative-care/clinical-practice-guideline-management-of-toxicities-from-immunotherapy\u003C/a>.","[38] Schneider BJ, Naidoo J, Sontomasso BD et al. Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: ASCO Guideline Update. JCO Clin Cancer Inform[Internet]. 2021 Nov 1 [cited 2024 Oct 18];39(36). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.21.01440\"target=\"_blank\">https://ascopubs.org/doi/10.1200/JCO.21.01440\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.21.01440","[39] Singleton JM, Hefner M. Spinal Cord Compression [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; [updated 2023 Feb 13; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557604/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557604/\u003C/a>.","[40] Jayarangaiah A, Kemp AK, Kariyanna PT. Bone Metastasis [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; [updated 2023 Jul 31; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507911/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507911/\u003C/a>.","[41] Vavourakis M, Sakellariou E, Galanis A, et al. Comprehensive Insights into Metastasis-Associated Spinal Cord Compression: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis: A State-of-the-Art Systematic Review. J Clin Med [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Oct 18]; 13(12):3590. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13123590\"target=\"_blank\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13123590\u003C/a>. DOI:10.3390/jcm13123590","[42] National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Spinal metastases and metastatic spinal cord compression - NICE guideline [NG234] [Internet]. Manchester (GB): NICE; 2023 Sep 6 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng234\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng234\u003C/a>.","[43] Köksoy EB, Ürün Y, Chapter 7 - Spinal Cord Compression. In: Provencio Pulla M, editor. ESMO Handbook Of Oncological Emergencies [Internet]. 2nd ed. Lugano (CH): Taylor & Francis; 2016 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/112860/2/273345.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/bitstream/10216/112860/2/273345.pdf\u003C/a>.","[44] eviQ. Palliative spinal cord compression EBRT [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): eviQ; 2007 [reviewed 2020 Aug 6; cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.eviq.org.au/radiation-oncology/palliative/296-palliative-spinal-cord-compression-eb\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.eviq.org.au/radiation-oncology/palliative/296-palliative-spinal-cord-compression-eb\u003C/a>.","[45] Robson P. Metastatic spinal cord compression: a rare but important complication of cancer. Clin Med (Lond) [Internet]. 2014 Oct [cited 2024 Oct 18];14(5):542-5. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4951968/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4951968/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.7861/clinmedicine.14-5-542.","[46] Breast Cancer Information. Bone metastases [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Breast Cancer Information; 2022 May [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bci.org.au/breast-cancer-information/fact-sheets/bone-metastases/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.bci.org.au/breast-cancer-information/fact-sheets/bone-metastases/\u003C/a>.","[47] Bickley LS, Szilagyi PG, Hoffman RM, Soriano RP. Bates' guide to physical examination and history taking. 13th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer Health; 2023.","[48] Body JJ, Niepel D, Tonini G. Hypercalcaemia and hypocalcaemia: finding the balance. Support Care Cancer [Internet]. 2017 May [cited 2024 Oct 18];25(5):1639–1649. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28078478//\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28078478//\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3543-1","[49] Matthew P, Thoppil D. Hypoglycaemia [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Dec 26 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534841/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534841/\u003C/a>.","[50] Alimuradova E, Cicin I. Cancer-related hypercalcemia and potential treatments. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2023 Mar 22 [cited 2024 Oct 18];14:1039490. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37033238/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37033238/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1039490","[51] Australian Medicines Handbook (AMH). Zoledronic acid [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd; [updated 2024 Jul, cited 2024 Oct 31]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/endocrine-drugs/drugs-affecting-bone/bisphosphonates/zoledronic-acid\"target=\"_blank\">https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/endocrine-drugs/drugs-affecting-bone/bisphosphonates/zoledronic-acid\u003C/a>.","[52] Hanley DA, Adachi JD, Bell A, Brown V. Denosumab: mechanism of action and clinical outcomes. Int J Clin Pract [Internet]. 2012 Dec [cited 2024 Oct 18];66(12):1139-46. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22967310/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22967310/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12022","[53] Ferraz Gonçalves JA, Costa T, Rema J at al. Hypocalcemia in cancer patients: An exploratory study. Porto Biomed J [Internet]. 2019 Jul 8 [cited 2024 Oct 18];4(4):e45. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6924975/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6924975/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000045","[54] Pittman K, Antill YC, Goldrick A, Goh J, de Boer RH. Denosumab: Prevention and management of hypocalcemia, osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical fractures. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol[Internet]. 2016 Nov 10 [cited 2024 Oct 18];13(4):266-276. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajco.12517\"target=\"_blank\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajco.12517\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12517","[55] Lauko A, Rauf Y, Ahluwalia MS. Medical management of brain metastases. Neurooncol Adv [Internet]. 2020 Aug 9 [cited 2024 Oct 18];2(1):vdaa015. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32793881/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32793881/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa015.","[56] MBC Brain Mets. Leptomeningeal disease [Internet]. MBC Brain Mets; 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://mbcbrainmets.org/leptomeningeal-disease/\"target=\"_blank\">https://mbcbrainmets.org/leptomeningeal-disease/\u003C/a>.","[57] Roy-O’reilly, Lanman T, Ruiz A, Rogawski D, Stocksdale B, Nagpal S. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Updates in Leptomeningeal Disease. Curr Oncol Rep [Internet]. 2023 May 31 [cited 2024 Oct 18];25(8):937-950. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10326117/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10326117/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01432-2","[58] Johns Hopkins Medicine. Anatomy of the brain [Internet]. Baltimore (MD): Johns Hopkins Medicine; 2024 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/anatomy-of-the-brain\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/anatomy-of-the-brain\u003C/a>.","[59] Batool A, Kasi A. Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Mar 27 [cited 2024 Oct 18]. 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Wherever possible, generic or non-proprietary names of medications or products have been used.","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Australian Medicines Handbook. Australian Medicines Handbook 2024. Adelaide (SA): Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd; 2024.","[2] Klabunde RE. Diuretics [Internet]. Indianapolis (IN): Cardiovascular Pharmacology Concepts; 2017 Nov 17 [updated 2023 Nov 11; cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cvpharmacology.com/diuretic/diuretics\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.cvpharmacology.com/diuretic/diuretics\u003C/a>.","[3] eTG Complete [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Therapeutic Guidelines Ltd; 2021 [updated 2023 May; cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/index\" target=\"_blank\">https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/index\u003C/a>.","[4] Gabb GM, Mangoni AA, Anderson CS, Cowley D, Dowden JS, Golledge J, et al. Guideline for the diagnosis and management of hypertension in adults - 2016. Med J Aust [Internet]. 2016 Jul 18 [cited 2024 Nov 4];205(2):85-9. \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27456450/\" target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27456450/\u003C/a> DOI: 10.5694/mja16.00526.","[5] NHFA CSANZ Heart Failure Guidelines Working Group, Atherton JJ, Sindone A, De Pasquale CG, Driscoll A, MacDonald PS, Hopper I, et al. National Heart Foundation of Australia and Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand: Guidelines for the Prevention, Detection, and Management of Heart Failure in Australia 2018. Heart Lung Circ [Internet]. 2018 Oct [cited 2024 Nov 4];27(10):1123-1208. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.heartlungcirc.org/article/S1443-9506(18)31777-3/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.heartlungcirc.org/article/S1443-9506(18)31777-3/fulltext\u003C/a> DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.1042.","[6] Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. General Schedule database [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Australian Government Department of Health; 2024 [cited 2024 Nov 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.pbs.gov.au/pbs/search?base=drugtype:ge,&search-type=medicines\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.pbs.gov.au/pbs/search?base=drugtype:ge,&search-type=medicines\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["a3ac727a-fe5d-41e4-85ce-24a2b0d97866","dcaed7e0-6d01-4740-9a68-e3ad3719e49d","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","65696b81-a9df-479a-ab11-f24f51ecbed5","6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"c70a2f27-bc72-47ed-9612-7bc8acd41bf4","topicText":["Classes and names of diuretics","Adverse reactions of diuretics and where they act in the kidney","Diuretics used in hypertension, heart failure and acute coronary syndrome"],"need":"\u003Cp>Medication safety and a thorough knowledge of disease treatment is crucial in professional practice. 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The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":false,"courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["7e287082-f8b6-448d-98da-325b1d01a6df"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false}}}},{"resourceID":"db5db2e4-50af-4144-a7e0-641d6e3b906a","title":"Enteral Feeding and Nutrition","activityType":"OnlineCourse","code":"COURSE139v1.0","min":63,"categories":["cc7b0b2d-cd8b-4d7d-8554-954cf8a79d4f","7ce2666f-1c9b-4882-90be-2cf097b776f0"],"topics":["c4c3836d-b231-4593-ab0f-6eece20f9bea","84c12e3a-b504-46c6-8f7e-83fead44fb70","13805620-0190-4281-a05b-3059a42d73a3","de7e2426-07be-4bb5-a229-d3e3f9934969","44989b46-85b3-464a-b963-56e80bc4e457","f2e0da36-8418-4060-8c79-29897750f778","6ce71b41-1d03-4872-b675-b74ed747ec8b","90573101-9e5c-4395-9eaa-cbc8db9e5a7d"],"keywords":["Clinical Assessment","Critical Care","Diet","Gastroenterology","Intensive Care","Medications","Nutrition","Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition"],"professions":["Occupational Therapist","Occupational Therapy Student","Physiotherapy Student","Physiotherapist","Community Care Worker","Health Care Worker","Personal Care Assistant (PCA)","Assistant in Nursing (AIN)","Direct Care Worker","Allied Health Assistant","Ward Assistant","Other Profession","Psychologist","Psychology Student","Chinese Medicine Practitioner","Chinese Medicine Student","Other Profession","Nurse Practitioner","Other","Registered Nurse","Registered Midwife","Enrolled Nurse","Non-Practising","Student Nurse or Midwife","Osteopathy Student","Osteopath","Paramedic","Paramedicine Student","Chiropractor","Chiropractic Student","Pharmacist","Pharmacy Student"],"educatorNames":["Lee-anne Chapple"],"aliasObject":{"resourceID":"db5db2e4-50af-4144-a7e0-641d6e3b906a","resourceType":"OnlineCourse","alias":"enteral-feeding-and-nutrition","metaTitle":"Enteral Feeding and Nutrition | Ausmed Course | 1 CPD Hours","metaDescription":"This Ausmed Course is intended for registered nurses and other healthcare professionals working in critical care units and other acute care settings, seeking to enhance their knowledge of the appropriate implementation and management of enteral feeding and nutrition. \n\n"},"createDate":"2024-10-29T04:27:18.000Z","updateDate":"2024-10-30T11:41:35.000Z","availableDate":"2024-10-29T13:00:00.000Z","expiryDate":"2025-10-30T13:00:00.000Z","ausmedGoals":["1548d440-0be4-4bc5-a95a-cf48357cbbfb","4023d0c9-512a-433b-bcad-7fb8f8fd4c56","14124749-8895-4a07-a8b0-51274f10f4b0","20b2f0f7-bbe3-44fc-9ebc-dd350a3320f8","55e6157b-b9a2-4af7-a055-142af33a5e51"],"bundles":["33cce188-ee06-4ac8-a185-82c4efd472ba","ec442063-3982-4d27-9d56-a95774577e6b"],"courseDetail":{"courseEducators":[{"relationID":"2196729e-3f3e-4a95-85ac-014716a91c05","resourceID":"db5db2e4-50af-4144-a7e0-641d6e3b906a","educatorID":"60949d32-9493-4e41-a0af-61f7109c1a45","educatorModel":{"educatorID":"60949d32-9493-4e41-a0af-61f7109c1a45","email":"lee-anne.chapple@adelaide.edu.au","title":"Dr","firstName":"Lee-anne","lastName":"Chapple","createDate":"2024-08-05T02:36:04.000Z","updateDate":"2024-10-30T00:20:51.000Z","alias":"lee-anne-chapple","contactDetail":{"position":"Associate Professor, Senior Critical Care Dietician","department":"","organisation":"Royal Adelaide Hospital","qualifications":"","photoURL":"https://d143yjlan9t40t.cloudfront.net/ausmed-educator/chappele-leeanne.jpg?stamp=1730247645171","country":"","allowPost":true,"allowEmail":true,"allowTextMsg":true},"eventDetail":{"biographyNames":["",""],"biographies":["Associate Professor Lee-anne Chapple is the Senior Critical Care Dietitian at the Royal Adelaide Hospital, and a Research Fellow at the University of Adelaide in Australia. She has over 15 years' experience as a clinical dietitian, predominantly within ICU. A/Prof Chapple currently leads a highly successful ICU nutrition research program focused on nutrition physiology during critical illness, post-ICU nutrition, and early recovery. She has collaborated on more than 80 publications, received more than $10 million Australian dollars in research funding, and is ranked in the top 1% worldwide on ExpertScape in the fields of “Enteral Nutrition” and “Nutritional Support”..",""],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"db5db2e4-50af-4144-a7e0-641d6e3b906a","overview":"\u003Cp>Improve patient care with expert skills in enteral nutrition - an essential lifeline for those with medical conditions, injuries or who have undergone procedures that impair their ability to eat. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Open Resources for Nursing (Open RN). Nursing Skills [Internet]. 2nd edition. Eau Claire (WI): Chippewa Valley Technical College; 2023. Chapter 17.2, Basic Concepts of Enteral Tubes. [cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://wtcs.pressbooks.pub/nursingskills/chapter/17-2-basic-concepts-of-enteral-tubes/\"target=\"_blank\">https://wtcs.pressbooks.pub/nursingskills/chapter/17-2-basic-concepts-of-enteral-tubes/\u003C/a>.","[2] Ferrie A, Daniells S, Gagnon S et al. Enteral nutrition manual for adults in health care facilities [Internet]. Woden (ACT): Dietitians Association of Australia (Dietitians Australia); 2018 [cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncare.net.au/ncarecatalog/resourcecentre/download/file_path/%2Fe%2Fn%2Fenteral_nutrition_manual_june_2018.pdf/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncare.net.au/ncarecatalog/resourcecentre/download/file_path/%2Fe%2Fn%2Fenteral_nutrition_manual_june_2018.pdf/\u003C/a>.","[3] Adeyinka A, Rouster AS, Valentine M. Enteric Feedings [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 [cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532876/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532876/\u003C/a>.","[4] Colebatch E, Murray A, Shanks A, Whitelock G. Nutrition and hydration Policy Support Handbook For Acute Adult Inpatient Setting [Internet]. Woden (ACT): Dietitians Association of Australia (Dietitians Australia); 2019 [cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://member.dietitiansaustralia.org.au/Common/Uploaded%20files/DAA/Resource_Library/2022/Nutrition_and_Hydration_handbook_February_2019_APPROVED.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://member.dietitiansaustralia.org.au/Common/Uploaded%20files/DAA/Resource_Library/2022/Nutrition_and_Hydration_handbook_February_2019_APPROVED.pdf\u003C/a>.","[5] Cuthbertson DP. The Physiology of Convalescence After Injury. British Medical Bulletin [Internet]. 1945 Apr 01 [cited 2024 Oct 14];3(4-5):96-102. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://academic.oup.com/bmb/article-abstract/3/4-5/96/307253\"target=\"_blank\">https://academic.oup.com/bmb/article-abstract/3/4-5/96/307253\u003C/a>.","[6] Sharma K, Mogensen KM, Robinson MK. Pathophysiology of Critical Illness and Role of Nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract [Internet]. 2019 Feb [cited 2024 Oct 14];34(1):12-22. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30580456/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30580456/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10232.","[7] Preiser JC, Ichai C, Orban JC, Groeneveld ABJ. Metabolic response to the stress of critical illness [Internet]. 2014 Dec [cited 2024 Oct 14];113(6):945-954. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bjanaesthesia.org.uk/article/S0007-0912(17)30650-5/fulltext\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.bjanaesthesia.org.uk/article/S0007-0912(17)30650-5/fulltext\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu187.","[8] Jeevanandam M, Shamos RF, Petersen SR. Substrate efficacy in early nutrition support of critically ill multiple trauma victims. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr [Internet]. 1992 Nov-Dec [cited 2024 Oct 14];16(6):511-520. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1494206/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1494206/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/0148607192016006511","[9] Domenech-Britz V, Gea-Caballero V, Czapla M et al. Importance of nutritional assessment tools in the critically ill patient: A systematic review. Front Nutr [Internet]. 2023 Jan 30 [cited 2024 Oct 14];9. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9923005/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9923005/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1073782.","[10] Puthucheary ZA, Rawal J, McPhail M et al. Acute Skeletal Muscle Wasting in Critical Illness. JAMA [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2024 Oct 14];310(15):1591-1600. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1879857\"target=\"_blank\">https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1879857\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2013.278481.","[11] Fazzini B, Tobias Märkl, Costas C et al. The rate and assessment of muscle wasting during critical illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care [Internet]. 2023 Jan 3 [cited 2024 Oct 14];27(1):2. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36597123/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36597123/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04253-0.","[12] Herridge MS, Tansey CM, Matté A et al. Functional Disability 5 Years after Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2024 Oct 14];364:1293-1304. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1011802\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1011802\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1011802.","[13] Deane AM, Little L, Bellomo R et al. Outcomes Six Months after Delivering 100% or 70% of Enteral Calorie Requirements during Critical Illness (TARGET). A Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine [Internet]. 2019 Sep 19 [cited 2024 Oct 14];201(7). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.201909-1810OC\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.201909-1810OC\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201909-1810OC.","[14] Heyland DK. Nutritional support in the critically ill patients. A critical review of the evidence. Crit Care Clin [Internet]. 1998 Jul [cited 2024 Oct 14];14(3):423-440. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9700440/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9700440/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70009-9","[15] Stechmiller JK. Understanding the role of nutrition and wound healing. Nutr Clin Pract [Internet]. 2010 Deb [cited 2024 Oct 14];25(1):61-68. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20130158/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20130158/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/0884533609358997.","[16] Liu Y, Zhao W, Chen W et al. Effects of Early Enteral Nutrition on Immune Function and Prognosis of Patients With Sepsis on Mechanical Ventilation. J Intensive Care Med [Internet]. 2020 Oct [cited 2024 Oct 14];35(1):1053-1061. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30384813/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30384813/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/0885066618809893","[17] Nguyen NQ, Besanko LK, Burgstad C et al. Delayed enteral feeding impairs intestinal carbohydrate absorption in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2012 Jan [cited 2024 Oct 14];40(1):50-54. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21926614/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21926614/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31822d71a6","[18] Hu Q, Ren H, Hong Z et al. Early Enteral Nutrition Preserves Intestinal Barrier Function through Reducing the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Critically Ill Surgical Patients. Oxid Med Cell Longev [Internet]. 2020 Nov 21 [cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33294125/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33294125/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1155/2020/8815655.","[19] Schaefer A, Benbenishty J, Gutysz-Wojnicka A et al. Nurses Responsibilities on Providing Enteral Nutrition to the Critically Ill Patient—An European Federation of Critical Care Nursing Associations Position Paper. Connect: The World of Critical Care Nursing [Internet]. 2018 Sep [cited 2024 Oct 14];12(3). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://connect.springerpub.com/highwire_display/entity_view/node/107224/full\"target=\"_blank\">https://connect.springerpub.com/highwire_display/entity_view/node/107224/full\u003C/a>. DOI: \n10.1891/1748-6254.12.3.86","[20] Western Australia Country Health Service (WACHS). Enteral Tubes and Feeding - Adults Clinical Practice Standard [Internet]. Perth (WA): WACHS; 2019 May 14 [updated 2020 Mar; cited 2024 Oct 14]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wacountry.health.wa.gov.au/~/media/WACHS/Documents/About-us/Policies/Enteral-Tubes-and-Feeding---Adults-Clinical-Practice-Standard.pdf?thn=0\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.wacountry.health.wa.gov.au/~/media/WACHS/Documents/About-us/Policies/Enteral-Tubes-and-Feeding---Adults-Clinical-Practice-Standard.pdf?thn=0\u003C/a>.","[21] Pash E. Enteral Nutrition: Options for Short Term-Access. Nutr Clin Pract [Internet]. 2018 Apr [cited 2024 Oct 14];33(2):170-176. 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Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/109801/2/02whole.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://digital.library.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/109801/2/02whole.pdf\u003C/a>.","[79] Ridley EJ, Parke RL, Davies AR et al. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr [Internet]. 2019 Jan [cited 2024 Oct 16];43(1):88-95. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29924393/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29924393/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1196","[80] Zuercher P, Moret CS, Dziewas R, Schefold JC. Dysphagia in the intensive care unit: epidemiology, mechanisms, and clinical management. Crit Care [Internet]. 2019 Mar 28[cited 2024 Oct 16];23(1):103. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30922363/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30922363/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2400-2","[81] Deacon KS. Re-building life after ICU: A qualitative study of the patients perspective. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing [Internet]. 2012 Apr [cited 2024 Oct 16];28(2):114-122. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0964339711001273?via%3Dihub\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0964339711001273?via%3Dihub\u003C/a>. DOI: 10,1016/j.iccn.2011.11.008","[82] Nematy M, O’Flynn JE, Wandrag L et al. Changes in appetite related gut hormones in intensive care unit patients: a pilot cohort study. Crit Care [Internet]. 2006 Feb [cited 2024 Oct 16];10(1):R10. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16420657/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16420657/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/cc3957","[83] Griffith DM, Salisbury LG, Lee RJ, Lone N, Merriweather JL, Walsh TS. Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life After ICU: Importance of Patient Demographics, Previous Comorbidity, and Severity of Illness. Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2018 Apr [cited 2024 Oct 16];46(4):594-601. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29293149/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29293149/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002952","[84] Shah R, Shah M, Aleem A. Gastrostomy Tube Replacement [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Apr 17 [cited 2024 Oct 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482422/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482422/\u003C/a>.","[85] Druml C, Ballmer PE, Druml W et al. ESPEN guideline on ethical aspects of articial nutrition and hydration. Clinical Nutrition [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 Oct 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.espen.org/files/ESPEN-Guidelines/3__ESPEN_guideline_on_ethical_aspects_of_artificial_nutrition_and_hydration.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.espen.org/files/ESPEN-Guidelines/3__ESPEN_guideline_on_ethical_aspects_of_artificial_nutrition_and_hydration.pdf\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.02.006","[86] Compher C, Bingham AL, McCall M et al. Guidelines for the provision of nutrition support therapy in the adult critically ill patient: The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. JPEN [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 Oct 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jpen.2267\"target=\"_blank\">https://aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jpen.2267\u003C/a>. 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Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Adelaide, Australia","peerReviewers":["a11eaec0-d0f0-403b-9ff3-09e9b464c80e"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. 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Ausmed gratefully acknowledges the valuable contributions of patients, whose participation supports the creation of these educational resources.\u003C/p>","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Templeton S. Wound Assessment [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 Apr 10 [cited 2024 Apr 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-assessment\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-assessment\u003C/a>.","[2] Templeton S. Wound Dressing [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 May 7 [cited 2024 May 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-dressings\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-dressings\u003C/a>.","[3] Templeton S. Pressure Injuries [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 May 9 [cited 2024 May 9]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/pressure-injuries\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/pressure-injuries\u003C/a>.","[4] Haesler E, Carville K. Australian Standards for Wound Prevention and Management (Fourth edition) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Australian Health Research Alliance, Wounds Australia, WA Health Translation Network; 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\u003C/a>.","[5] Nowak M, Mehrholz D, Barańska-Rybak W, et al. Wound debridement products and techniques: clinical examples and literature review. Postepy Dermatol Alergol [Internet]. 2022 Jun [cited 2024 Apr 4];39(3):479-490. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9326937/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9326937/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.5114/ada.2022.117572.","[6] Strohal R, Apelqvist J, Dissemond J, et al. EWMA Document: Debridement. J Wound Care [Internet]. 2013;22(Suppl. 1):S1–S52. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ewma.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/EWMA-Debridement-Document_JWCfinal.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://ewma.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/EWMA-Debridement-Document_JWCfinal.pdf\u003C/a>.","[7] Harding K, Gray D, Timmons J, Hurd T. Evolution or revolution? Adapting to complexity in wound management. Int Wound J. [Internet]. 2007 May [cited 2024 Mar 25];4:1-12. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x\"target=\"_blank\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x\u003C/a>. DOI:0.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x","[8] McInnes W. Leg Ulcer Assessment and Management (Workshop Overview) [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Lyell McEwin Hospital; 2018 Apr [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aogp.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Leg-Ulcer-Assessment.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aogp.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Leg-Ulcer-Assessment.pdf\u003C/a>.","[9] Armstrong DG, Meyr AJ. Risk factors for impaired wound healing and wound complications [Internet]. UpToDate Inc., Wolters Kluwer; [updated 2023 Jun 20; cited 2024 Sep 11]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/risk-factors-for-impaired-wound-healing-and-wound-complications\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/risk-factors-for-impaired-wound-healing-and-wound-complications\u003C/a>.","[10] Goswami AG, Basu S, Banerjee T, et al. Biofilm and wound healing: from bench to bedside. Eur J Med Res [Internet]. 2023 Apr 25 [cited 2024 Sep 11];28(1):157. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40001-023-01121-7\"target=\"_blank\">https://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40001-023-01121-7\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1186/s40001-023-01121-7","[11] European Wound Management Association (EWMA). Position Document: Wound Bed Preparation in Practice [Internet]. London (GB): Medical Education Partnership Ltd; 2004 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ewma.org/fileadmin/user_upload/EWMA.org/Position_documents_2002-2008/pos_doc_English_final_04.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://ewma.org/fileadmin/user_upload/EWMA.org/Position_documents_2002-2008/pos_doc_English_final_04.pdf\u003C/a>.","[12] Sibbald RG, Elliott JA, Persaud-Jaimangal R, et al. Wound bed preparation 2021. Adv Skin Wound Care [Internet]. 2021 Apr [cited 2024 Apr 4];34(4):183-195. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33739948/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33739948/\u003C/a>.","[13] World Union of Wound Healing Societies (WUWHS). Strategies to reduce practice variation in wound assessment and management - The T.I.M.E. clinical decision support tool [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2020 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/22d08364ecdb637f5fb532fdee7e3a54.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/22d08364ecdb637f5fb532fdee7e3a54.pdf\u003C/a>.","[14] Murphy C, Atkin L, Swanson T, et al. International consensus document. Defying hard-to-heal wounds with an early antibiofilm intervention strategy: wound hygiene. J Wound Care [Internet]. 2020 Mar 11 [cited 2024 Apr 4];29(Suppl 3b):S1–28. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/full/10.12968/jowc.2020.29.Sup3b.S1\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/full/10.12968/jowc.2020.29.Sup3b.S1\u003C/a>. DOI:10.12968/jowc.2020.29.Sup3b.S1","[15] Choudhury M, Downie F. A biofilm based wound care pathway in the community setting: a review. Wounds UK [Internet]. 2022 Nov 4 [cited 2024 Apr 4];18(4):14-20. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://wounds-uk.com/journal-articles/biofilm-based-wound-care-pathway-community-setting-review/\"target=\"_blank\">https://wounds-uk.com/journal-articles/biofilm-based-wound-care-pathway-community-setting-review/\u003C/a>.","[16] International Wound Infection Institute (IWII). Wound Infection in Clinical Practice [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2022 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundinfection-institute.com/wp-content/uploads/IWII-CD-2022-web-1.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundinfection-institute.com/wp-content/uploads/IWII-CD-2022-web-1.pdf\u003C/a>.","[17] Armstrong DG, Meyr AJ. Basic principles of wound management [Internet]. UpToDate Inc., Wolters Kluwer; [updated 2022 Jun 9; cited 2023 Sep 5]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/basic-principles-of-wound-management\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/basic-principles-of-wound-management\u003C/a>.","[18] Angel D. Slough: what does it mean and how can it be managed. Wound Pract Res. [Internet]. 2019 Dec [cited 2024 Sep 11];27(4):164-167. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/wpr/volume-27-number-4/slough-what-does-it-mean-and-how-can-it-be-managed\"target=\"_blank\">https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/wpr/volume-27-number-4/slough-what-does-it-mean-and-how-can-it-be-managed\u003C/a>. DOI:10.33235/wpr.27.4.164-167","[19] eTG complete [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Therapeutic Guidelines Ltd; 2019. Ulcer and wound management, Version 2 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/guideLine?guidelinePage=Ulcer+and+Wound+Management&frompage=etgcomplete\"target=\"_blank\">https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/guideLine?guidelinePage=Ulcer+and+Wound+Management&frompage=etgcomplete\u003C/a>.","[20] National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Commonwealth of Australia; 2019 [updated 2024 Apr 8; cited 2024 Apr 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/Jn37kn\"target=\"_blank\">https://app.magicapp.org/#/guideline/Jn37kn\u003C/a>.","[21] The Association for Safe Aseptic Practice (The-ASAP). Aseptic Non Touch Technique® The ANTT Clinical Practice Framework [Internet]. London (GB): The-ASAP, Aseptic Non Touch Technique (ANTT®); 2019 [cited 2024 Apr 3]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.antt.org/antt-practice-framework.html\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.antt.org/antt-practice-framework.html\u003C/a>.","[22] Wounds Australia. Application of aseptic technique in wound dressing procedure: A consensus document [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Wounds Australia; 2020 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsaustralia.org/?code=30527371&action=printsnippet&snippet=pg_134&printtemplate=on&builder=on&menuItem=Aseptic+Technique+non-members\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsaustralia.org/?code=30527371&action=printsnippet&snippet=pg_134&printtemplate=on&builder=on&menuItem=Aseptic+Technique+non-members\u003C/a>.","[23] Babalska ZL, Korbecka-Paczkowska M, Karpinski TM. Wound antiseptics and European guidelines for antiseptic application in wound treatment. Pharm [Internet]. 2021 Dec 2 [cited 2024 Apr 4];14(12):1253. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/12/1253\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/12/1253\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3390/ph14121253","[24] Young T. The role of surfactants in mechanical debridement. Wounds UK [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2024 Apr 4];15(1):72-74. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://wounds-uk.com/journal-articles/role-surfactants-mechanical-debridement/\"target=\"_blank\">https://wounds-uk.com/journal-articles/role-surfactants-mechanical-debridement/\u003C/a>.","[25] Reyzelman AM, Vartivarian M. Figure 2, Progression of autolytic debridement with self-adaptive wound dressings (SAWDs) [Image on the Internet]. Wikimedia Commons; 2018 Jan 26 [updated 2021 Sep 7; cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wounds_0815_reyzelman_figure1-png.png\"target=\"_blank\">https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wounds_0815_reyzelman_figure1-png.png\u003C/a>.","[26] Vowden K, Vowden P. Debridement made easy. Wounds UK [Internet]. 2011 Nov 7 [cited 2024 Apr 4];7(4):1-4. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://wounds-uk.com/made-easy/debridement-made-easy/\"target=\"_blank\">https://wounds-uk.com/made-easy/debridement-made-easy/\u003C/a>.","[27] Chen H, Yu Z, Liu N, et al The efficacy of low-frequency ultrasound as an added treatment for chronic wounds: A meta-analysis. Int Wound J. [Internet]. 2023 Feb [cited 2024 Sep 11];20(2):448-457. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9885464/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9885464/\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1111/iwj.13893.","[28] DeFrancesco F, De Francesco M, Riccio M. Hyaluronic acid/collagenase ointment in the treatment of chronic hard-to-heal wounds: An observational and retrospective study. J Clin Med [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2024 Apr 4];11(537). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/537\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/3/537\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030537","[29] Therapeutic Goods Administration. Ainscorp Pty Ltd - HYALO4 Start Ointment - Epidermal osmotic dressing, non-sterile (353300) [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Department of Health and Aged Care (DoHAC); 2021 Jan 19 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/artg/353300\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.tga.gov.au/resources/artg/353300\u003C/a>.","[30] Stadler F, editor. A complete guide to maggot therapy: clinical practice, therapeutic principles, production, distribution, and ethics. Cambridge (GB): Open Book Publishers; 2022 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0300\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.openbookpublishers.com/books/10.11647/obp.0300\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.11647/OBP.0300","[31] British Columbia Provincial Nursing Skin & Wound Committee. Procedure: removal of non-therapeutic maggots (Myiasis). Vancouver (BC): British Columbia Provincial Nursing Skin & Wound Committee; 2019 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.clwk.ca/get-resource/removal-of-non-therapeutic-maggots-myiasis-procedure/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.clwk.ca/get-resource/removal-of-non-therapeutic-maggots-myiasis-procedure/\u003C/a>.","[32] British Columbia Provincial Nursing Skin & Wound Committee. Education Module: Conservative Sharp Wound Debridement. Vancouver (BC): British Columbia Provincial Nursing Skin & Wound Committee; 2017 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.clwk.ca/get-resource/conservative-sharp-wound-debridement-module/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.clwk.ca/get-resource/conservative-sharp-wound-debridement-module/\u003C/a>.","[33] Thomas S. The Medetec Wound Database [Web database]. Medetec: London (GB): Medetec; 2014 Feb 6 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\u003C/a>.","[34] European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (EPUAP), National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP), Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance (PPPIA). Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries: Clinical Practice Guideline (The International Guideline) [Internet]. EPUAP, NPIAP, PPPIA; 2019 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6479484083027f25a6246fcb/t/6553d3440e18d57a550c4e7e/1699992399539/CPG2019edition-digital-Nov2023version.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6479484083027f25a6246fcb/t/6553d3440e18d57a550c4e7e/1699992399539/CPG2019edition-digital-Nov2023version.pdf\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c","b11123e3-09ad-4f1d-9619-98b8ef1c2458","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","b7f388d7-2aea-41db-b68e-74456b15c300","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","f40dd466-ecbb-4562-a729-72171b31951a","72ff7b39-80d1-46de-99c1-b5e5aa114d60","9f13b24a-52ec-4f71-8b15-eeab995aa8ac"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"147c7ca5-87bf-420c-9d1d-2ed07b1b007f","topicText":["Understanding and differentiating wound cleansing and wound debridement practices","Best-practice principles for cleansing and debriding wounds","Wound cleansing techniques and commonly used wound cleansing agents","Simple and advanced wound debridement techniques","Practical demonstrations of best-practice wound cleansing and simple wound debridement techniques","Contraindications and potential complications for wound debridement"],"need":"\u003Cp>Wound cleansing and debridement are integral components in managing acute and chronic wounds. 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The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["75db602c-c0f1-4031-ab8f-7b1768387d4a"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. 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Through the exploration of dressing types and evidence-based practice recommendations, healthcare professionals will emerge with an enhanced ability to select, apply and troubleshoot wound dressings, ultimately improving patient outcomes and contributing to optimised wound management within their healthcare settings.\u003C/p>","status":"Published","outcomes":["Apply an understanding of the pivotal role of wound dressings to facilitate optimal wound outcomes for patients in your care.","Confidently choose appropriate dressings according to specific wound characteristics in order to achieve optimal patient outcomes.","Advocate for the integral role of meticulous wound care documentation in ensuring continuity of care and informed decision-making.","Promptly identify and address common complications related to wound dressings, such as dressing dislodgement, allergic reactions and infection risks."],"reviewDate":"2025-12-31T13:00:00.000Z","publishDate":"2024-05-06T14:00:00.000Z","recordDate":"2024-01-22T13:00:00.000Z","version":1,"coverImageURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE197v1.0.jpg","deliveryMethods":"\u003Cp>This Course is presented in an engaging online manner. 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They are:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Participate in the Review-Your-Learning questions\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","contactHours":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 31/05/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>","disclosure":"\u003Cp>No conflict of interest exists for anyone in the position to control content for this activity. This course discusses general principles for dressing wounds and does not cover specific, brand-name wound dressings.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>All clinical images used in this content are shared with full patient consent. Ausmed gratefully acknowledges the valuable contributions of patients, whose participation supports the creation of these educational resources.\u003C/p>","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Templeton S. Wound Assessment [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 Apr 10 [cited 2024 Apr 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-assessment\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-assessment\u003C/a>.","[2] Templeton S. Wound Cleansing and Debridement [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 Apr 17 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-cleansing-and-debridement\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-cleansing-and-debridement\u003C/a>.","[3] Templeton S. Pressure Injuries [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 May 9 [cited 2024 May 9]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/pressure-injuries\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/pressure-injuries\u003C/a>.","[4] Nous Group. Evaluation of the wound management pilot - Final evaluation report [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Nous Group, Department of Health and Aged Care (DoHAC); 2022 Oct 11 [cited 2023 Sep 5]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-06/evaluation-of-the-wound-management-pilot-final-evaluation-report.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-06/evaluation-of-the-wound-management-pilot-final-evaluation-report.pdf\u003C/a>.","[5] Weller CD, Team V, Sussman G. First-line interactive wound dressing update: A comprehensive review of the evidence. Front Pharmacol [Internet]. 2020 Feb 28 [cited 2023 Sep 5];11. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.00155/full\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.00155/full\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00155.","[6] Harding K, Gray D, Timmons J, et al. Evolution or revolution? Adapting to complexity in wound management. Int Wound J [Internet]. 2007 May 11 [cited 2024 Mar 25];4:1-12. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x\"target=\"_blank\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x","[7] Haesler E, Carville K. Australian Standards for Wound Prevention and Management (Fourth edition) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Australian Health Research Alliance, Wounds Australia, WA Health Translation Network; 2023 [cited 2023 Sep 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\u003C/a>.","[8] World Union of Wound Healing Societies (WUWHS). Strategies to reduce practice variation in wound assessment and management - The T.I.M.E. clinical decision support tool [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2020 [cited 2023 Oct 12]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/22d08364ecdb637f5fb532fdee7e3a54.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/22d08364ecdb637f5fb532fdee7e3a54.pdf\u003C/a>.","[9] eTG complete [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Therapeutic Guidelines Ltd; 2019. Ulcer and wound management, Version 2 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/guideLine?guidelinePage=Ulcer+and+Wound+Management&frompage=etgcomplete\"target=\"_blank\">https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/guideLine?guidelinePage=Ulcer+and+Wound+Management&frompage=etgcomplete\u003C/a>.","[10] World Union of Wound Healing Societies (WUWHS). The role of non-medicated dressings for the management of wound infection [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2020 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/a1ad1513beed2c83e05f823ce5c977d8.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/a1ad1513beed2c83e05f823ce5c977d8.pdf\u003C/a>.","[11] Carville K. Wound Care Manual. 8th ed. Silver Chain Nursing Association Incorporated; 2023.","[12] Sinha SN, Free B, Ladlow O. The art and science of selecting appropriate dressings for acute open wounds in general practice. AJGP [Internet]. 2022 Nov [cited 2024 Apr 29];51(11). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2022/november/selecting-appropriate-dressings\"target=\"_blank\">https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2022/november/selecting-appropriate-dressings\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-06-22-6462.","[13] International Wound Infection Institute (IWII). Wound Infection in Clinical Practice [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2022. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundinfection-institute.com/wp-content/uploads/IWII-CD-2022-web-1.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundinfection-institute.com/wp-content/uploads/IWII-CD-2022-web-1.pdf\u003Ca/>.","[14] Thomas S. The Medetec Wound Database [Web database]. Medetec: London (GB): Medetec; 2014 Feb 6 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\u003C/a>.","[15] Wounds International. International consensus: Appropriate use of silver dressings in wounds: An expert working group consensus [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2012 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/26953778fdfb53b9c87f7c6f05dd07eb.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/26953778fdfb53b9c87f7c6f05dd07eb.pdf\u003C/a>.","[16] Khansa I, Schoenbrunner AR, Kraft CT, et al. Silver in wound care - friend or foe?: A comprehensive review. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open [Internet]. 2019 Aug 12 [cited 2024 Apr 20];7(8):e2390. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31592393/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31592393\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002390.","[17] Probst S, Apelqvist J, Bjarnsholt T, et al. Antimicrobials and non-healing wounds: an update. J Wound Management [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2024 Apr 29];23(3 Sup1):S1-33. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ewma.org/fileadmin/user_upload/EWMA.org/EWMA_Documents_PDF/Antimicrobials_and_Nonhealing_Wounds_An_Update.PDF\"target=\"_blank\">https://ewma.org/fileadmin/user_upload/EWMA.org/EWMA_Documents_PDF/Antimicrobials_and_Nonhealing_Wounds_An_Update.PDF\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.35279/jowm2022.23.03.sup01.","[18] Murphy C, Atkin L, Swanson T, et al. Defying hard-to-heal wounds with an early antibiofilm intervention strategy: Wound hygiene. J Wound Care [Internet]. 2020 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Apr 29];29(Suppl 3b):S1–26. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160083/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32160083/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2020.29.Sup3b.S1.","[19] Wound Care. Exploring protease modulating dressings: Enhancing wound healing [Internet]. Stanmore (GB): Wound Care; 2022 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wound-care.co.uk/blog/post/exploring-protease-modulating-dressings-enhancing-wound-healing\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.wound-care.co.uk/blog/post/exploring-protease-modulating-dressings-enhancing-wound-healing\u003C/a>.","[20] Apelqvist J, Willy C, Fagerdahl AM, et al. EWMA document: Negative pressure wound therapy – overview, challenges and perspectives. J Wound Care [Internet]. 2017 Mar 1 [cited 2024 Apr 29];26(Sup3):S1-S154. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ewma.org/fileadmin/user_upload/EWMA.org/Project_Portfolio/EWMA_Documents/JWC_EWMA_supplement_NPWT_Jan_2018_appendix.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://ewma.org/fileadmin/user_upload/EWMA.org/Project_Portfolio/EWMA_Documents/JWC_EWMA_supplement_NPWT_Jan_2018_appendix.pdf\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.12968/jowc.2017.26.Sup3.S1.","[21] Wounds UK. Best practice statement: Improving holistic assessment of chronic wounds [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds UK, BSN Medical; 2018 Jul [cited 2023 Oct 12]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://wounds-uk.com/best-practice-statements/improving-holistic-assessment-chronic-wounds/\"target=\"_blank\">https://wounds-uk.com/best-practice-statements/improving-holistic-assessment-chronic-wounds/\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c","b11123e3-09ad-4f1d-9619-98b8ef1c2458","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","b7f388d7-2aea-41db-b68e-74456b15c300","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","9f13b24a-52ec-4f71-8b15-eeab995aa8ac","72ff7b39-80d1-46de-99c1-b5e5aa114d60","f40dd466-ecbb-4562-a729-72171b31951a"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"9f1e8ca1-5071-4f1d-9b4d-086050788fb9","topicText":["Wound dressing fundamentals","Types of conventional and specialised wound dressings","Understanding the different functions of wound dressings","Wound dressing regimens and care objectives","Best practices in wound dressing documentation","Troubleshooting wound dressing-related complications"],"need":"\u003Cp>Effective wound care hinges on sound clinical decision-making that is informed by a comprehensive understanding and selection of appropriate wound dressing products, guided by a consideration for the specific needs of the patient.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>However, studies have identified inadequate wound management knowledge and skills across various healthcare professions, including nurses, paramedics and general practitioners. This is indicative of a potential systemic deficiency in the provision of education on the topic of wound management.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Specifically in relation to the topic of wound dressings, the enormity of available products and variety of clinical applications likely further contribute to confusion and a lack of understanding among healthcare professionals when trying to apply knowledge in practice.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Therefore, new and effective education on wound dressings is required in order to enhance clinicians' wound dressing selection and assessment skills.\u003C/p>","purpose":"\u003Cp>The purpose of this Ausmed Course is to provide healthcare professionals with a clear understanding of the key principles of wound dressings and equip learners with the skills necessary to effectively select, apply, change and troubleshoot wound dressings in their practice.\u003C/p>","targetAudience":"\u003Cp>Nurses and other healthcare professionals working in all clinical areas where proficiency in choosing and using wound dressings is a required practice.\u003C/p>","disclaimer":"\u003Cp>The Content that Ausmed Education Pty Ltd and its related entities (Ausmed) provide is for your general information and educational purposes only, to assist in enabling you to satisfy your continuing professional development requirements. Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["75db602c-c0f1-4031-ab8f-7b1768387d4a"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. Using a conceptual framework and adult learning principles, Ausmed\n ensures quality learning, reflecting our dedication to excellence and growing your competence through an\n enriched learning experience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre adheres to a stringent policy wherein we do not receive any \n commercial or in-kind support for the development of our ANCC accredited NCPD activities.\u003C/p>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Criteria for Awarding Contact Hours\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion and be awarded contact hours, you will need to meet the \n requirements for the successful completion of this learning activity. They are\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\n \u003C/ul>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Expiration Date\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 31/05/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>"}]}}}}},{"resourceID":"5e9b242f-6c2f-4626-baff-6ac88f2abc9f","title":"Wound Assessment","activityType":"OnlineCourse","code":"COURSE195v1.0","min":87,"categories":["1b4f2b10-eb60-479e-bdda-7fef1fecd353","a29df85e-01a7-4d64-bfc6-456297399907","7ce2666f-1c9b-4882-90be-2cf097b776f0","9d2c64a9-cd8c-4ec4-8bf6-ec83b607d9ad","4c047507-13f1-442d-960c-061579034faf"],"topics":["6bfbfb16-2c5e-4c57-a284-10fa6746c3f9","3b50ffb1-5929-4f99-b5b0-cbe1187202bc","c4c3836d-b231-4593-ab0f-6eece20f9bea","942bad96-1e84-49dc-9fec-33c8413c3713","f7a65f9d-96c1-4943-96b6-a89f59151a51","967f8195-b8cd-4ed8-8288-7d0fe9c7f62f","8d6be780-370f-43ec-a9f4-fd9ebe9ed383","da8c28f9-49cc-4314-8fb3-6b4262acdee2","f524fe22-809f-4707-b9c7-1a3e5257e052","f2f4abba-4859-4da0-a65e-db693194ad4c","22e21a87-fc86-420b-a354-01d2b227f979","2f7f93d1-354b-4df0-9b37-716e008d862a","e1243d6e-75cc-46de-b437-6b517e0bb87b","fd9e05d8-b7c3-4a94-8cb6-396a66fc5f2f","17c907a9-ca29-44cf-8e43-63a5a74b8bd0","d22e32d6-1e7d-4d7d-bfa7-92602f0699cf","26727576-e952-4397-b275-91c16a3aeb26","f248683d-ed51-4a97-b3ed-8fec9518d49a","b90418b3-11ef-4c3c-933a-a50ca912eff0"],"keywords":["Wound Care","Wound Management","Clinical Assessment","Patient Safety","Anatomy and Physiology","Aged Care","Community Nursing","Disability","Documentation","Enrolled Nurses","General Practice","Graduate","Nurse Practitioners","Pain","Registered Nurse","Residential Aged Care","Rural and Remote Area Nursing","Vascular","Third-Year Nursing Students"],"professions":["Paramedic","Psychologist","Chinese Medicine Practitioner","Other Profession","Osteopath","Nurse Practitioner","Other","Registered Nurse","Registered Midwife","Enrolled Nurse","Non-Practising","Chiropractor","Pharmacist","Physiotherapist","Community Care Worker","Health Care Worker","Personal Care Assistant (PCA)","Assistant in Nursing (AIN)","Direct Care Worker","Allied Health Assistant","Ward Assistant","Other Profession","Occupational Therapist"],"educatorNames":["Sue Templeton"],"aliasObject":{"resourceID":"5e9b242f-6c2f-4626-baff-6ac88f2abc9f","resourceType":"OnlineCourse","alias":"wound-assessment","metaTitle":"Wound Assessment | Ausmed Course | 1.5 CPD Hours","metaDescription":"This Ausmed Course provides healthcare professionals with the knowledge and understanding to perform a comprehensive and holistic wound assessment. Guided by current evidence and best-practice techniques, learners will enhance their skills to improve wound outcomes of the patients in their care."},"createDate":"2024-04-08T04:14:08.000Z","updateDate":"2024-10-28T06:05:54.000Z","availableDate":"2024-10-02T16:00:00.000Z","expiryDate":"2026-04-28T16:00:00.000Z","ausmedGoals":["6fe68bec-5e63-4d08-8077-1305a3e35bb6","001c6154-2f70-443a-94ac-8a6679e86514","7a06fc8d-0a1b-4eec-a836-7828eda10d9f","d77d5b7e-f5b4-4237-8dc3-d2c149e921ba","b15143c5-8237-44c3-acd2-fb15ed2b9c12","75909fb8-652c-4c36-b7d4-b4dae660bd31","1548d440-0be4-4bc5-a95a-cf48357cbbfb","14124749-8895-4a07-a8b0-51274f10f4b0"],"bundles":["1abae61e-91eb-4813-81a1-22acf58c6691","33cce188-ee06-4ac8-a185-82c4efd472ba"],"courseDetail":{"courseEducators":[{"relationID":"4e70ce1c-0e58-4fc2-9206-4e0e394fcc91","resourceID":"5e9b242f-6c2f-4626-baff-6ac88f2abc9f","educatorID":"0bb620b0-5935-42d2-87fe-6362e637a7c8","educatorModel":{"educatorID":"0bb620b0-5935-42d2-87fe-6362e637a7c8","email":"sue.templeton01@gmail.com; sue.Templeton@rdns.org.au","firstName":"Sue","lastName":"Templeton","createDate":"2012-10-10T18:09:59.000Z","updateDate":"2024-08-05T02:21:14.000Z","alias":"sue-templeton","contactDetail":{"position":"Nurse Practitioner Wound Management","department":"","organisation":"RDNS SA Ltd.","qualifications":"RN, BN, MNSc(NP)","photoURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-educator/templeton-sue.jpg?stamp=1709182818883","country":"AUS"},"eventDetail":{"topics":["3b50ffb1-5929-4f99-b5b0-cbe1187202bc"],"biographyNames":["Default",""],"biographies":["Sue Templeton RN, BN, MNSc(NP) is an experienced community-based nurse practitioner based in Adelaide who has been specialising in wound management since 1987. With a wealth of clinical expertise, she provides consultancy services and develops and delivers wound management education. Additionally, she has been involved in the development of wound management resources and tools.\n\nSue has been actively engaged with the wound management professional community at local, national and international levels, conducting clinical research, publishing and presenting on the subject. Sue is passionate about improving the lives of persons with a wound and empowering others to deliver best practices in wound management.",""],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"5e9b242f-6c2f-4626-baff-6ac88f2abc9f","overview":"\u003Cp>Conducting a comprehensive wound assessment is a pivotal moment in wound care and effective wound healing. 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Guided by current evidence and best-practice techniques, learners will enhance their skills to improve wound outcomes of the patients in their care.\u003C/p>","status":"Published","outcomes":["Analyse contributing factors that affect wound healing and how they can impact patient outcomes.","Accurately differentiate between different wound types in order to ensure appropriate care is provided to the patient.","Apply a holistic approach to wound assessment, considering the patient and key clinical indicators of the wound.","Apply understanding of appropriate wound measurement tools and techniques to accurately quantify wound dimensions and healing progress.","Implement best-practice methods for documentation when conducting a wound assessment."],"reviewDate":"2025-12-30T16:00:00.000Z","publishDate":"2024-04-08T16:00:00.000Z","recordDate":"2024-01-21T16:00:00.000Z","version":1,"coverImageURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE195v1.0.jpg","deliveryMethods":"\u003Cp>This Course is presented in an engaging online manner. It includes:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Pre-test questions to measure your learning\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Highly creative illustrated videos\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Opportunities to test your learning as you complete the Course\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Resource material including references\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Certificate of Completion provided after reflection and documentation of Course\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","completeRequirements":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion, you will need to meet the requirements for successful completion of this learning activity. They are:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Participate in the Review-Your-Learning questions\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","contactHours":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 30/04/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>","disclosure":"\u003Cp>No conflict of interest exists for anyone in the position to control content for this activity. Wherever possible, generic or non-proprietary names of medications or products have been used.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>All clinical images used in this content are shared with full patient consent. Ausmed gratefully acknowledges the valuable contributions of patients, whose participation supports the creation of these educational resources.\u003C/p>","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Templeton S. Wound Cleansing and Debridement [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 May 17 [cited 2024 May 9]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-cleansing-and-debridement\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-cleansing-and-debridement\u003C/a>.","[2] Templeton S. Wound Dressings[Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 May 7 [cited 2024 May 9]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-dressings\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-dressings\u003C/a>.","[3] Templeton S. Pressure Injuries [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 May 9 [cited 2024 May 9]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/pressure-injuries\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/pressure-injuries\u003C/a>.","[4] Redmond C, Hardie P, Davies C, et al. Increasing competence in wound care: A cross-sectional study to evaluate use of a virtual patient by undergraduate student nurses. Nurse Educ. Pract [Internet]. 2020 Mar [cited 2023 Sep 5];44(102774). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1471595319306869\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1471595319306869\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102774.","[5] Armstrong DG, Meyr AJ. Clinical assessment of chronic wounds [Internet]. UpToDate Inc., Wolters Kluwer; [updated 2023 Oct 5; cited 2024 Sep 11]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-assessment-of-chronic-wounds\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-assessment-of-chronic-wounds\u003C/a>.","[6] Armstrong DG, Meyr AJ. Basic principles of wound management [Internet]. UpToDate Inc., Wolters Kluwer; [updated 2022 Jun 9; cited 2023 Sep 5]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/basic-principles-of-wound-management\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/basic-principles-of-wound-management\u003C/a>.","[7] Haesler E, Carville K. Australian Standards for Wound Prevention and Management (Fourth edition) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Australian Health Research Alliance, Wounds Australia, WA Health Translation Network; 2023 [cited 2023 Sep 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\u003C/a>.","[8] Smet S, Probst S, Holloway S, Fourie A, Beele H, Beeckman D. The measurement properties of assessment tools for chronic wounds: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud [Internet]. 2021 Sep [cited 2023 Oct 12];121:103998. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0020748921001450\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0020748921001450\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2021.103998","[9] Wounds UK. Best practice statement: Improving holistic assessment of chronic wounds [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds UK, BSN Medical; 2018 Jul [cited 2023 Oct 12]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://wounds-uk.com/best-practice-statements/improving-holistic-assessment-chronic-wounds/\"target=\"_blank\">https://wounds-uk.com/best-practice-statements/improving-holistic-assessment-chronic-wounds/\u003C/a>.","[10] Dowsett C, Protz K, Drouard M, Harding KG. Triangle of wound assessment made easy [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2015 May [cited 2023 Oct 12]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/made-easy/triangle-of-wound-assessment-made-easy/\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/made-easy/triangle-of-wound-assessment-made-easy/\u003C/a>.","[11] Sussman, G. An update on wound management. Aust Prescr [Internet]. 2023 Aug 22 [cited 2024 Oct 01];46:29-35. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://australianprescriber.tg.org.au/articles/an-update-on-wound-management.html\"target=\"_blank\">https://australianprescriber.tg.org.au/articles/an-update-on-wound-management.html\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.18773/austprescr.2023.006","[12] Dowsett, C. T.I.M.E to improve patient outcomes: use of a clinical decision support tool to optimise wound care. British Journal of Community Nursing [Internet]. 2019 Feb 19 [cited 2024 Feb 28];24(3). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.Sup3.S6\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/abs/10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.Sup3.S6\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.Sup3.S6","[13] Harding K, Gray D, Timmons J, Hurd T. Evolution or revolution? Adapting to complexity in wound management. Int Wound J. [Internet]. 2007 May [cited 2024 Mar 25];4:1-12. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x\"target=\"_blank\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1111/j.1742-481X.2007.00329.x","[14] McInnes W. Leg Ulcer Assessment and Management (Workshop Overview) [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Lyell McEwin Hospital; 2018 Apr [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aogp.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Leg-Ulcer-Assessment.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aogp.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Leg-Ulcer-Assessment.pdf\u003C/a>.","[15] Carville K. Wound Care Manual. 8th ed. Silver Chain Nursing Association Incorporated; 2023.","[16] Vera-Cruz PN, Palmes PP, Tonogan L, Troncillo AH. Comparison of WIFi, University of Texas and Wagner Classification Systems as Major Amputation Predictors for Admitted Diabetic Foot Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study. Malays Orthop J [Internet]. 2020 Nov [cited 2024 Mar 25];14(3):114-123. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7751999/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7751999/\u003C/a>. DOI:10.5704/MOJ.2011.018.","[17] Eder S, Dissemond J, Vanscheidt W, Läuchli S, Partsch H, Stücker M. Buergers Test/Pole Test: simple clinical tests to screen the arterial perfusion before compression therapy. Phlebologie [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 25]; 49(02):108-110. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/a-0865-7947?articleLanguage=en\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/a-0865-7947\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1055/a-0865-7947","[18] DeGeorge BR, Duda RB (editors). Treatment of Chronic Wounds [Internet]. Ipswich (MA): DynaMed, EBSCO; [updated 2023 Sep 22; cited 2024 Oct 01]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.dynamed.com/management/treatment-of-chronic-wounds-18#GUID-97863389-A292-45EE-B162-8BC3D12F17C3\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.dynamed.com/management/treatment-of-chronic-wounds-18#GUID-97863389-A292-45EE-B162-8BC3D12F17C3\u003C/a>.","[19] Kyaw BM, Jarbrink K, Martinegro L, Car J, Harding K, Schmidtchen A. Need for improved definition of “chronic wounds” in clinical studies. Acta Derm Venereol [Internet]. 2018 Sep 13 [cited 2023 Nov 15];98(1):157–158. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://medicaljournalssweden.se/actadv/article/view/2797/4315\"target=\"_blank\">https://medicaljournalssweden.se/actadv/article/view/2797/4315\u003C/a>. DOI:10.2340/00015555-2786","[20] Armstrong DG, Meyr AJ. Risk factors for impaired wound healing and wound complications [Internet]. UpToDate Inc., Wolters Kluwer; [updated 2023 Jun 20; cited 2024 Sep 11]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/risk-factors-for-impaired-wound-healing-and-wound-complications\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/risk-factors-for-impaired-wound-healing-and-wound-complications\u003C/a>.","[21] Guest JF, Fuller GW, Vowden P. Cohort study evaluating the burden of wounds to the UK’s National Health Service in 2017/2018: update from 2012/2013. BMJ Open [Internet]. 2020 Dec 22 [cited 2023 Nov 15];10:e045253. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/12/e045253\"target=\"_blank\">https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/12/e045253\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045253","[22] Sibbald RG, Elliot JA, Persaud-Jaimangal R, et al. Wound bed preparation. World Council of Enterostomal Therapists Journal [Internet]. 2022 Mar [cited 2024 Oct 01];42(1):16-28. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://search.informit.org/doi/epdf/10.3316/informit.389777458186604\"target=\"_blank\">https://search.informit.org/doi/epdf/10.3316/informit.389777458186604\u003C/a>.","[23] Woo, KY, Krasner DL, Kennedy B, Wardle D, Moir O. Palliative Wound Care Management Strategies for Palliative Patients and Their Circles of Care. Advances in Skin & Wound Care [Internet]. 2015 Mar [cited 2024 Oct 01];28(3):140-142. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.lww.com/aswcjournal/citation/2015/03000/palliative_wound_care_management_strategies_for.10.aspx\"target=\"_blank\">https://journals.lww.com/aswcjournal/citation/2015/03000/palliative_wound_care_management_strategies_for.10.aspx\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000461342.24513.eb","[24] World Union of Wound Healing Societies (WUWHS). Strategies to reduce practice variation in wound assessment and management - The T.I.M.E. clinical decision support tool [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2020 [cited 2023 Oct 12]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/22d08364ecdb637f5fb532fdee7e3a54.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/22d08364ecdb637f5fb532fdee7e3a54.pdf\u003C/a>.","[25] Dowsett C, Münter KC, Bain K, Bain M. Closing the gap between the eviden and clincal practice - a consensus report on exudate management. Wounds International [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Oct 01]; 11(3). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/journal-articles/closing-gap-between-evidence-and-clinical-practice-consensus-report-exudate-management/\"target\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/journal-articles/closing-gap-between-evidence-and-clinical-practice-consensus-report-exudate-management/\u003C/a>.","[26] World Union of Wound Healing Societies (WUWHS). Consensus document, Wound exudate: effective assessment and management [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2019 Feb 1 [cited 2023 Nov 15]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/world-union-resources/wuwhs-consensus-document-wound-exudate-effective-assessment-and-management/\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/world-union-resources/wuwhs-consensus-document-wound-exudate-effective-assessment-and-management/\u003C/a>.","[27] Thomas S. The Medetec Wound Database [Web database]. Medetec: London (GB); 2014 Feb 6 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\u003C/a>.","[28] Gray D, White R, Cooper P, Kingsley A. Understanding Applied Wound Management. Wounds UK [Internet]. 2005 Apr 30 [cited 2024 Mar 25];1(1):62-68. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://wounds-uk.com/journal-articles/understanding-applied-wound-management/\"target=\"_blank\">https://wounds-uk.com/journal-articles/understanding-applied-wound-management/\u003C/a>.","[29] Berke C. Ten top tips: managing wound odour. Wounds International [Internet]. 2020 Dec 11 [cited 2024 Oct 01];11(4). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/journal-articles/ten-top-tips-managing-wound-odour/\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/journal-articles/ten-top-tips-managing-wound-odour/\u003C/a>.","[30] Pastar I, Stojadinovic O, Yin NC, et al. Epithelialization in wound healing: A comprehensive review. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) [Internet]. 2014 Jul 9 [cited 2023 Nov 29];3(7):445-464. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/wound.2013.0473\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/wound.2013.0473\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1089/wound.2013.0473","[31] Levine JM. Pressure Injury and Chronic Wounds [Internet]. In: Wasserman, M.R., Bakerjian D, Linnebur S, Brangman S, Cesari M, Rosen S (eds). Cham (CH): Springer; 2024. Geriatric Medicine; p.1185-1212 [cited 2024 Oct 01]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-74720-6_91\"target=\"_blank\">https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-74720-6_91\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1007/978-3-030-74720-6_91","[32] Armstrong DG, Meyr AJ. Basic principles of wound healing. In: Berman RS, Eidt JF, Mills JL editors. Waltham (MA): UpToDate; 2024 [updated 2024 Mar 12; cited 2024 Oct 01]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/basic-principles-of-wound-healing\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/basic-principles-of-wound-healing\u003C/a>.","[33] Angel D. Slough: what does it mean and how can it be managed. Wound Pract Res. [Internet]. 2019 Dec [cited 2023 Nov 29];27(4):164-167. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/wpr/volume-27-number-4/slough-what-does-it-mean-and-how-can-it-be-managed\"target=\"_blank\">https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/wpr/volume-27-number-4/slough-what-does-it-mean-and-how-can-it-be-managed\u003C/a>. DOI:10.33235/wpr.27.4.164-167","[34] Mitchell A, Llumigusin D. The assessment and management of hypergranulation. British Journal of Nursing [Internet] 2021 Mar 11 [cited 2024 Oct 01];30(5). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.britishjournalofnursing.com/content/back-to-basics/the-assessment-and-management-of-hypergranulation\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.britishjournalofnursing.com/content/back-to-basics/the-assessment-and-management-of-hypergranulation\u003C/a>.","[35] Dini V, Granieri G. Wound Measurement [Internet]. In: Maruccia M, Papa G, Ricci E, Giudice, G editors. Cham (CH): Springer; 2024. Pearls and Pitfalls in Skin Ulcer Management; p.339-346. [cited 2024 Oct 01]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-45453-0_31\"target=\"_blank\">https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-45453-0_31\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45453-0_31","[36] Schaper NC, van Netten JJ, Apelqvist J et al. Practical guidelines on the prevention and management of diabetes-related foot disease [Internet]. [Place]: The International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF), 2023 [cited 2024 Oct 01]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://iwgdfguidelines.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/IWGDF-2023-01-Practical-Guidelines.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://iwgdfguidelines.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/IWGDF-2023-01-Practical-Guidelines.pdf\u003C/a>.","[37] Australian Medication Association (AMA). Clinical images and the use of personal mobile devices [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): AMA; 2014 [cited 2024 Oct 01]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ama.com.au/sites/default/files/documents/FINAL_AMA_Clinical_Images_Guide.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://ama.com.au/sites/default/files/documents/FINAL_AMA_Clinical_Images_Guide.pdf\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c","b11123e3-09ad-4f1d-9619-98b8ef1c2458","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","b7f388d7-2aea-41db-b68e-74456b15c300","9f13b24a-52ec-4f71-8b15-eeab995aa8ac","72ff7b39-80d1-46de-99c1-b5e5aa114d60","f40dd466-ecbb-4562-a729-72171b31951a"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"5e9b242f-6c2f-4626-baff-6ac88f2abc9f","topicText":["The importance of wound assessment","Wound assessment frameworks and tools (including HEIDIE, TIME and more)","Components of a holistic wound assessment","Wound types, aetiologies, diagnoses and determining healing potential","Assessing each wound characteristic","Practical demonstrations of key wound assessment skills","Best practices for documentation and clinical photography"],"need":"\u003Cp>Comprehensive assessment is the foundation for effective wound management. It provides a basis to develop and implement personalised treatment plans, monitor progress and improve outcomes overall.\u003C/p> \n\n\u003Cp>Incomplete or inadequate wound assessments can lead to poor wound management, which might impede outcomes for patients, frustrate clinicians and result in higher healthcare costs.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Despite its importance, many healthcare professionals lack formal training on how to correctly conduct a wound assessment. This leads to inconsistent evaluations, which further contributes to this issue. Knowledge, skills and confidence in wound assessment results in reliable and consistent information that contributes to achieving optimal patient outcomes.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Therefore, wound assessment education grounded in comprehension and fostering reliable and consistent assessments is necessary in order to empower healthcare professionals to make informed choices, enhance wound care and yield improved patient outcomes.\u003C/p>","purpose":"The purpose of this Ausmed Course is to equip healthcare professionals with the essential knowledge and understanding to perform accurate and patient-centred wound assessments with confidence.","targetAudience":"Nurses and other healthcare professionals looking to improve their understanding of best-practice wound management working in any clinical setting where wound assessment and wound care skills are required.","disclaimer":"\u003Cp>The Content that Ausmed Education Pty Ltd and its related entities (Ausmed) provide is for your general information and educational purposes only, to assist in enabling you to satisfy your continuing professional development requirements. Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["75db602c-c0f1-4031-ab8f-7b1768387d4a"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. Using a conceptual framework and adult learning principles, Ausmed\n ensures quality learning, reflecting our dedication to excellence and growing your competence through an\n enriched learning experience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre adheres to a stringent policy wherein we do not receive any \n commercial or in-kind support for the development of our ANCC accredited NCPD activities.\u003C/p>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Criteria for Awarding Contact Hours\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion and be awarded contact hours, you will need to meet the \n requirements for the successful completion of this learning activity. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Maternal deaths [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): AIHW; 2023 Nov 23 [updated 2024 Mar 22; cited 2024 Sep 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/mothers-babies/maternal-deaths-australia\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/mothers-babies/maternal-deaths-australia\u003C/a>.","[2] Ministry of Health (MOH). National Consensus Guideline for Treatment of Postpartum Haemorrhage [Internet]. Wellington (NZ): MOH; 2022 [cited 2024 Jun 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tewhatuora.govt.nz/publications/national-consensus-guideline-for-treatment-of-postpartum-haemorrhage\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.tewhatuora.govt.nz/publications/national-consensus-guideline-for-treatment-of-postpartum-haemorrhage\u003C/a>.","[3] Pairman S, Tracy SK, Dahlen H, Dixon L, Peart P, Pulis B. Midwifery Preparation for Practice. 5th ed. Chatswood (NSW): Elsevier Health Sciences; 2022.","[4] Gayet-Ageron A, Prieto-Merino D, Ker K, Shakur H, Ageron F-X, Roberts I, et al. Effect of treatment delay on the effectiveness and safety of antifibrinolytics in acute severe haemorrhage: A meta-analysis of individual patient-level data from 40,138 bleeding patients. Lancet [Internet]. 2018 Jan 13 [cited 2024 Sep 18];391(10116):125-132. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32455-8/fulltext\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32455-8/fulltext\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32455-8.","[5] Pollock W, Peek M, Wang A, Li Z, Ellwood D, Homer C, et al. Eclampsia in Australia and New Zealand: A prospective population-based study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Sep 18];60:533-540. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31840809/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31840809/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/ajo.13100","[6] Ministry of Health (MOH). Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertension and Pre-eclampsia in Pregnancy in New Zealand: A Clinical Practice Guideline [Internet]. Wellington (NZ): MOH; 2022 [cited 2024 Jun 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tewhatuora.govt.nz/publications/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-hypertension-and-pre-eclampsia-in-pregnancy-in-aotearoa-new-zealand\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.tewhatuora.govt.nz/publications/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-hypertension-and-pre-eclampsia-in-pregnancy-in-aotearoa-new-zealand\u003C/a>.","[7] Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Umbilical Cord Prolapse. Green-top Guideline no. 50 [Internet]. London (GB): RCOG; 2014 [cited 2024 Jun 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg-50-umbilicalcordprolapse-2014.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/gtg-50-umbilicalcordprolapse-2014.pdf\u003C/a>.","[8] Michelotti F, Flatley C, Kumar S. Impact of shoulder dystocia, stratified by type of manoeuvre, on severe neonatal outcome and maternal morbidity. Aust NZ Obstet Gynaecol [Internet]. 2018 Jun [cited 2024 Sep 18];58:298-305. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajo.12718\"target=\"_blank\">https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajo.12718\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/ajo.12718","[9] Hill DA, Lense J, Roepcke F. Shoulder Dystocia: Managing an Obstetric Emergency. Am Fam Physician [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Sep 18];102(2):84-90. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0715/p84.html\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0715/p84.html\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","d8fc906f-b086-4aef-b7f0-d048b8330892"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"2700015a-0b79-496a-b8bc-360456b8379c","topicText":["Early recognition of obstetric emergencies","Pathophysiological mechanisms associated with obstetric emergencies","Risk factors of different obstetric emergencies","Management strategies and best practices for handling obstetric emergencies"],"need":"\u003Cp>In 2021, the maternal mortality rate in Australia was 5.8 deaths per 100,000 women giving birth, resulting in 18 maternal deaths. 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Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["96c5ef13-827b-49e7-ae03-993fb82bf775"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. 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Gauri was awarded the Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia (SHPA), NSW State Achievement Award in 2022 in recognition of her contribution to pharmacy practice.","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"7b9f574a-a014-4a15-9630-d2f09cf584ec","overview":"\u003Cp>Unmanaged fluid imbalance poses a significant, yet often silent, threat to patient safety in healthcare settings, leading to potentially devastating consequences like organ dysfunction and extended hospital stays.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>This Ausmed Course is intended for nurses, pharmacists, paramedics and other healthcare professionals looking to increase their understanding of the assessment and management of fluid balance in patients' care.\u003C/p>\n","status":"Published","outcomes":["Describe the physiological significance of maintaining fluid balance within the intracellular and extracellular compartments of the body.","Identify and explain the main sources of fluid intake, outlets for fluid loss, and their impact on the body's fluid distribution.","Describe the four main assessment areas that should be investigated when assessing a patient’s fluid status.","Understand the indications for oral rehydration solutions and intravenous fluids.","Apply knowledge of fluid balance, assessment techniques and fluid management strategies to evaluate a patient's condition and potential treatment plan."],"reviewDate":"2026-05-31T14:00:00.000Z","publishDate":"2024-09-23T14:00:00.000Z","recordDate":"2024-06-19T14:00:00.000Z","version":1,"coverImageURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE202v1.0.jpg","deliveryMethods":"\u003Cp>This Course is presented in an engaging online manner. 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They are:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Participate in the Review-Your-Learning questions\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","contactHours":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 30/09/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>","disclosure":"No conflict of interest exists for anyone in the position to control content for this activity. Wherever possible, generic or non-proprietary names of medications or products have been used.","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Hawkins WA, Smith SE, Newsome AS, Carr JR, Bland CM, Branan TN. Fluid Stewardship During Critical Illness: A Call to Action. Journal of Pharmacy Practice [Internet]. 2019 Jun 30 [cited 2024 Aug 28];33(6). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0897190019853979\"target=\"_blank\">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0897190019853979\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/0897190019853979","[2] Willis L. Fluid and Electrolytes Made Incredibly Easy [Internet]. 6th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Wolters Kulwer; 2015 [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.academia.edu/31920643/Fluids_Electrolytes_Made_Incredibly_Easy_Incredibly_Easy_Series_Sixth_Edition\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.academia.edu/31920643/Fluids_Electrolytes_Made_Incredibly_Easy_Incredibly_Easy_Series_Sixth_Edition\u003C/a>.","[3] Biga ML, Bronson S, Dawson S, et al. Anatomy and Physiology. Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments [Internet]. Houston (TX): OpenStax; 2019. Chapter 26.1, Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments. [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/26-1-body-fluids-and-fluid-compartments/\"target=\"_blank\">https://open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/26-1-body-fluids-and-fluid-compartments/\u003C/a>.","[4] Hogan M. Fluids, electrolytes and acid base balance [Internet]. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River (NJ): Pearson Education; 2013 [cited 2024 Aug 28 2024]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/fluidselectrolyt0000unse_n3n2/mode/2up\"target=\"_blank\">https://archive.org/details/fluidselectrolyt0000unse_n3n2/mode/2up\u003C/a>.","[5] Wakim S, Grewal M. Human Biology [Internet]. Oroville (CA): Butte College; 2020. Chapter 5.7, Cell Transport [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/05%3A_Cells/5.07%3A_Cell_Transport\"target=\"_blank\">https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/05%3A_Cells/5.07%3A_Cell_Transport\u003C/a>.","[6] Wakim S, Grewal M. Human Biology [Internet]. Oroville (CA): Butte College; 2020. Chapter 5.8, Active Transport and Homeostasis [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/05%3A_Cells/5.08%3A_Active_Transport_and_Homeostasis\"target=\"_blank\">https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Human_Biology/Human_Biology_(Wakim_and_Grewal)/05%3A_Cells/5.08%3A_Active_Transport_and_Homeostasis\u003C/a>.","[7] Shrimanker I, Bhattarai S. Electrolytes [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jul [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541123/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541123/\u003C/a>.","[8] de Muelenaere S. Electrolyte and Metabolic Disturbances [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2023 [cited 2024 Sep 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/lecture/electrolytes-and-metabolic-disturbances\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/lecture/electrolytes-and-metabolic-disturbances\u003C/a>.","[9] Biga ML, Bronson S, Dawson S, Harwell A, Hopkins R, Kaufmann J, et al. Anatomy and Physiology Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments [Internet]. Houston (TX): OpenStax; 2019. Chapter 26.2, Water Balance. [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/26-2-water-balance/\"target=\"_blank\">https://open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/26-2-water-balance/\u003C/a>.","[10] Al-Kazwini, Simhadri PK. Normal and Abnormal Urine Output and Interpretation [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK606132/\"target=\"_blank\">https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK606132/\u003C/a>.","[11] Brandis K. Fluid Physiology [Internet]. Gold Coast (QLD): Gold Coast Hospital; 2019. Chapter 3.2, Insensible Water Loss. [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Fluid_Physiology_(Brandis)/03:_Water_Balance/3.02:_Insensible_Water_Loss\"target=\"_blank\">https://med.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anatomy_and_Physiology/Fluid_Physiology_(Brandis)/03:_Water_Balance/3.02:_Insensible_Water_Loss\u003C/a>.","[12] Holcomb SS. Third-spacing when body fluids shifts. Nursing Critical Care [Internet]. 2009 Mar [cited 2024 Aug 28];4(2):9-12. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.lww.com/nursingcriticalcare/fulltext/2009/03000/third_spacing__when_body_fluid_shifts.3.aspx\"target=\"_blank\">https://journals.lww.com/nursingcriticalcare/fulltext/2009/03000/third_spacing__when_body_fluid_shifts.3.aspx\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/01.CCN.0000347120.73382.d7","[13] Soma-Pillay P, Nelson-Piercy C, Tolppanen H, Mebazaa A. Physiological changes in pregnancy. Cardiovasc J Afr [Internet]. 2016 Mar-Apr [cited 2024 Aug 28];27(2):89-94. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27213856/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27213856/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2016-021.","[14] Ahmed A. Fetomaternal Acid-Base Balance and Electrolytes during Pregnancy. Indian J Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2021 Dec [cited 2024 Aug 28];25(Suppl 3):S193-S199. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35615608/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35615608/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24030.","[15] Agrò FE, Vennari M. Body Fluid Management: From Physiology to Therapy [Internet]. In: Agrò FE, editor. Milan (IT): Springer-Verlag Italia; 2013 [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.pdfdrive.com/body-fluid-management-from-physiology-to-therapy-e164987096.html\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.pdfdrive.com/body-fluid-management-from-physiology-to-therapy-e164987096.html\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1007/978-88-470-2661-1","[16] National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Intravenous fluid therapy in adults in hospital [Internet]. London (GB): NICE; 2013 Dec 10 [updated 2017 May 5; cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg174\"target=\"_blank\">www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg174\u003C/a>.","[17] Luís L, Nunes C. Short National Early Warning Score - Developing a Modified Early Warning Score. Australian Critical Care [Internet]. 2017 Dec 11 [cited 2024 Aug 28];31(6):376-381. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.australiancriticalcare.com/article/S1036-7314(17)30210-2/abstract\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.australiancriticalcare.com/article/S1036-7314(17)30210-2/abstract\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2017.11.004","[18] Padhi S, Bullock I, Li L, Stroud M. Intravenous fluid therapy for adults in hospital: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ [Internet]. 2013 Dec 14 [cited 2024 Aug 28];347. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/bmj/section-pdf/750417?path=/bmj/347/7937/Practice.full.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.bmj.com/bmj/section-pdf/750417?path=/bmj/347/7937/Practice.full.pdf\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f7073.","[19] Queensland Health. Prescribing Intravenous Fluids for Adults [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Queensland Health; 2016 [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0024/700089/ivfluid-glines-adult.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0024/700089/ivfluid-glines-adult.pdf\u003C/a>.","[20] Greenhalgh T, Treadwell J, Burrow R, Robert N. Should we used the NEWS (or NEWS2) score when assessing patients with possible COVID-19 in primary care [Internet]. Oxford (GB): Oxford COVID-19 Evidence Service; 2020 [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/should-we-use-the-news-or-news2-score-when-assessing-patients-with-possible-covid-19-in-primary-care/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/should-we-use-the-news-or-news2-score-when-assessing-patients-with-possible-covid-19-in-primary-care/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26433.10089","[21] National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Algorithms for IV fluid therapy in adults [Internet]. London (GB): NICE; 2013 [updated 2016 Dec; cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg174/resources/intravenous-fluid-therapy-in-adults-in-hospitalalgorithm-poster-set-191627821\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg174/resources/intravenous-fluid-therapy-in-adults-in-hospitalalgorithm-poster-set-191627821\u003C/a>.","[22] Castera MR, Borhade MB. Fluid Management [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532305/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532305/\u003C/a>.","[23] Anderson R, Doyle GR, McCutcheon JA. Clinical Procedures for Safer Patient Care [Internet]. Thompson Rivers University ed. Kamloops (CA): Thompson Rivers University; 2018. Chapter 8.2, Intravenous Therapy: Guidelines and Potential Complications. [cited 2024 Aug 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/clinicalproceduresforsaferpatientcaretrubscn/chapter/8-2-intravenous-therapy-guidelines-and-potential-complications/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pressbooks.bccampus.ca/clinicalproceduresforsaferpatientcaretrubscn/chapter/8-2-intravenous-therapy-guidelines-and-potential-complications/\u003C/a>.","[24] Nickson C. Fluid Responsiveness [Internet]. Perth (WA): Life in the Fastlane; 2023 Aug 16 [updated 2015 Dec 16; cited 2024 Aug 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://litfl.com/fluid-responsiveness/\"target=\"_blank\">https://litfl.com/fluid-responsiveness/\u003C/a>.","[25] Nandyala S. Fluid Responsiveness [Internet]. Indianapolis (IN): PocketICU; 2018 Dec 11. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pocketicu.com/index.php/2018/12/11/fluid-responsiveness-and-functional-hemodynamic-monitoring/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pocketicu.com/index.php/2018/12/11/fluid-responsiveness-and-functional-hemodynamic-monitoring/\u003C/a>.","[26] Aghsaeifard Z, Heidari G, Alizadeh R. Understanding the use of oral rehydration therapy: A narrative review from clinical practice to main recommendations. Health Sci Rep [Internet]. 2022 Sep 11 [cited 2024 Aug 28];5(5):e827. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36110343/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36110343/\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1002/hsr2.827.","[27] Freedman S. Oral rehydration therapy [Internet]. In: Mattoo TK, Stack AM, Hoppin AG, editors. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2023 Jul 19 [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/oral-rehydration-therapy\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/oral-rehydration-therapy\u003C/a>.","[28] Epstein EM, Patel P, Waseem M. Crystalloid Fluids [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537326/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537326/\u003C/a>.","[29] Open Resources for Nursing (Open RN); Nursing Fundamentals [Internet]. In: Ernstmeyer K, Christman E, editors. Eau Claire (WI): Chippewa Valley Technical College; 2021. Chapter 14.3, Intravenous Solutions. [cited 2024 Aug 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_South_Carolina_Upstate/Nursing_Fundamentals_(OpenRN)/14%3A_Fluids_and_Electrolytes/14.03%3A_Intravenous_Solutions\"target=\"_blank\">https://med.libretexts.org/Courses/University_of_South_Carolina_Upstate/Nursing_Fundamentals_(OpenRN)/14%3A_Fluids_and_Electrolytes/14.03%3A_Intravenous_Solutions\u003C/a>.","[30] Bunn F, Trivedi D, Cochrane Injuries Group. Colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2012 Jul [cited 2024 Aug 28];2012(7). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7028006\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7028006\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001319.pub5","[31] Vera M. IV Fluids and Solutions Guide & Cheat Sheet [Internet]. London (GB): Nurseslabs; 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://nurseslabs.com/iv-fluids/\"target=\"_blank\">https://nurseslabs.com/iv-fluids/\u003C/a>.","[32] Munoz AC, Jain NJ, Gupta M. Albumin Colloid [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534241/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534241/\u003C/a>.","[33] The Australian Injectable Drugs Handbook (9th ed). Collingwood (VIC): The Society of Hospital Pharmacists of Australia; 2023. Intravenous fluids [updated 2024 Jul; cited 2024 Aug 29].","[34] Australian and New Zealand Committee on Resuscitation (ANZCOR). ANZCOR guidelines [Internet]. East Melbourne (VIC): ANZCOR; 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.anzcor.org/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.anzcor.org/\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"7b9f574a-a014-4a15-9630-d2f09cf584ec","topicText":["The significance of maintaining fluid balance","Common sources for fluid intake and fluid loss","Assessing fluid status","Oral rehydration and IV fluid interventions","Evaluation of patient’s condition","Developing treatment and management plans"],"need":"\u003Cp>Unmanaged fluid imbalance poses a significant, yet often silent, threat to patient safety in healthcare settings, leading to potentially devastating consequences like organ dysfunction and extended hospital stays. The widespread use of intravenous fluids in critical care underscores these concerns. Intravenous fluids, with an estimated annual consumption of 1 billion units of 0.9% sodium chloride solution, are the most commonly administered drug in critically ill adults.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Additionally, some healthcare professionals are reported to continuously struggle to recognise early warning signs of fluid imbalance through comprehensive assessment techniques. Navigating the complexities of fluid dynamics to tailor fluid management for an individual patient’s needs can also be challenging.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Therefore, education that empowers healthcare professionals with the essential skills to proactively assess fluid status, navigate fluid dynamics and implement fluid stewardship principles is necessary in order to improve patient outcomes, reduce complications and ensure fluid management is more consistently approached according to best practices.\u003C/p>\n","purpose":"The purpose of this course is to equip healthcare professionals with the essential knowledge and practical understanding of best practices in fluid assessment and management in order to become effective stewards of fluid balance in their practice. ","targetAudience":"This Ausmed Course is intended for nurses, pharmacists, paramedics and other healthcare professionals looking to increase their understanding of the assessment and management of fluid balance in patients' care. ","disclaimer":"\u003Cp>The Content that Ausmed Education Pty Ltd and its related entities (Ausmed) provide is for your general information and educational purposes only, to assist in enabling you to satisfy your continuing professional development requirements. Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Newcastle, Australia","peerReviewers":["4c4cb439-9611-49fe-8599-696e5e903977"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. Using a conceptual framework and adult learning principles, Ausmed\n ensures quality learning, reflecting our dedication to excellence and growing your competence through an\n enriched learning experience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre adheres to a stringent policy wherein we do not receive any \n commercial or in-kind support for the development of our ANCC accredited NCPD activities.\u003C/p>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Criteria for Awarding Contact Hours\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion and be awarded contact hours, you will need to meet the \n requirements for the successful completion of this learning activity. They are\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\n \u003C/ul>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Expiration Date\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 30/09/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>"}]}}}}},{"resourceID":"1082e672-cf63-4604-9c1a-e0df2e8eb994","title":"Falls Management in Acute Settings","activityType":"OnlineCourse","code":"COURSE188v1.0","min":74,"categories":["7ce2666f-1c9b-4882-90be-2cf097b776f0","cc7b0b2d-cd8b-4d7d-8554-954cf8a79d4f","e5841b07-da9e-437f-8643-177f9bc50eff","f5e9bf36-9d3e-4b8b-9f76-08fc71170f19"],"topics":["7c99ef37-12e4-4a15-a673-d0d6f03612f3","c4c3836d-b231-4593-ab0f-6eece20f9bea","54c7bab0-5487-4fa5-8c70-b2e9e8f1999b","f4505d82-510e-476a-aed9-a02ddf6a14ba","942bad96-1e84-49dc-9fec-33c8413c3713","da8c28f9-49cc-4314-8fb3-6b4262acdee2","996be441-86fa-49d2-98dc-711a7eec37c2"],"keywords":["Falls","Clinical Assessment","Cognitive Impairment","Occupational Health and Safety","Patient Safety","Disability","Reportable Incidents"],"professions":["Occupational Therapist","Occupational Therapy Student","Physiotherapy Student","Physiotherapist","Community Care Worker","Health Care Worker","Personal Care Assistant (PCA)","Assistant in Nursing (AIN)","Direct Care Worker","Allied Health Assistant","Ward Assistant","Other Profession","Psychologist","Psychology Student","Chinese Medicine Practitioner","Chinese Medicine Student","Other Profession","Nurse Practitioner","Other","Registered Nurse","Registered Midwife","Enrolled Nurse","Non-Practising","Student Nurse or Midwife","Osteopathy Student","Osteopath","Paramedic","Paramedicine Student","Chiropractor","Chiropractic Student","Pharmacist","Pharmacy Student"],"educatorNames":["Sudy Kitchen"],"aliasObject":{"resourceID":"1082e672-cf63-4604-9c1a-e0df2e8eb994","resourceType":"OnlineCourse","alias":"falls-management-in-acute-settings","metaTitle":"Falls Management in Acute Settings | Ausmed Course | 1.2 CPD Hours","metaDescription":"This Ausmed Course is intended for nurses and other healthcare professionals working in inpatient settings who are looking to increase their knowledge and improve their practice surrounding falls management."},"createDate":"2024-09-17T02:01:10.000Z","updateDate":"2024-09-18T02:47:37.000Z","availableDate":"2024-09-16T14:00:00.000Z","expiryDate":"2026-09-29T14:00:00.000Z","ausmedGoals":["1548d440-0be4-4bc5-a95a-cf48357cbbfb","14124749-8895-4a07-a8b0-51274f10f4b0","4023d0c9-512a-433b-bcad-7fb8f8fd4c56","20b2f0f7-bbe3-44fc-9ebc-dd350a3320f8","55e6157b-b9a2-4af7-a055-142af33a5e51"],"bundles":["33cce188-ee06-4ac8-a185-82c4efd472ba","1abae61e-91eb-4813-81a1-22acf58c6691","58f08239-cd03-47d9-8aff-a936f48db8fb","ec442063-3982-4d27-9d56-a95774577e6b"],"courseDetail":{"courseEducators":[{"relationID":"00396c3a-033f-4ca9-b755-22e32720681a","resourceID":"1082e672-cf63-4604-9c1a-e0df2e8eb994","educatorID":"98d18f02-4341-48af-8e21-cae6de29a19a","educatorModel":{"educatorID":"98d18f02-4341-48af-8e21-cae6de29a19a","email":"SCGOPHCGFallsCNC@health.wa.gov.au","title":"Ms","firstName":"Sudy","lastName":"Kitchen","createDate":"2024-08-05T02:33:12.000Z","updateDate":"2024-09-17T01:01:41.000Z","alias":"sudy-kitchen","contactDetail":{"position":"Clinical Nurse Consultant","department":"Falls Management","organisation":"Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital","qualifications":"RN, BSc (Nursing), PgC Leadership","photoURL":"https://d143yjlan9t40t.cloudfront.net/ausmed-educator/kitchen-sudy.jpg?stamp=1724199132224","country":"","allowPost":true,"allowEmail":true,"allowTextMsg":true},"eventDetail":{"biographyNames":["",""],"biographies":["Su Kitchen is a Clinical Nurse Consultant specialising in Falls Management based in Western Australia. With many years of experience in falls management, Su draws on a diverse nursing background gained through national and international roles across multiple specialties. Her broad expertise informs her current practice, enabling her to provide expert care and leadership in the field of falls prevention and management.",""],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"1082e672-cf63-4604-9c1a-e0df2e8eb994","overview":"\u003Cp>Falls in Australian hospitals pose significant risks, often resulting in serious injuries such as fractures or intracranial damage. Many of these falls are unwitnessed and occur in patient bedrooms. Research shows that patients frequently underestimate their risk of falling and lack confidence in their ability to prevent falls.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Through this Ausmed Course, healthcare professionals can improve their knowledge and the understanding necessary to effectively prevent, assess, and manage falls in acute settings, in order to enhance patient safety, minimise falls-related injuries, and improve healthcare outcomes.\u003C/p>","status":"Published","outcomes":["Identify and evaluate common falls risk factors in acute healthcare settings.","Confidently conduct a thorough falls risk assessment using evidence-based tools.","Develop and implement comprehensive and individualised care plans that incorporate patient education and engagement in falls prevention.","Understand effective preventative strategies, including environmental modifications, patient education and multidisciplinary collaboration.","Apply prompt and appropriate management of a falls incident according to best practices."],"reviewDate":"2026-05-31T14:00:00.000Z","publishDate":"2024-09-16T14:00:00.000Z","recordDate":"2024-07-18T14:00:00.000Z","version":1,"coverImageURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE188v1.0.jpg","deliveryMethods":"\u003Cp>This Course is presented in an engaging online manner. It includes:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Pre-test questions to measure your learning\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Highly creative illustrated videos\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Opportunities to test your learning as you complete the Course\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Resource material including references\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Certificate of Completion provided after reflection and documentation of Course\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","completeRequirements":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion, you will need to meet the requirements for successful completion of this learning activity. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] World Health Organization. Falls [Internet]. Geneva (CH): World Health Organization; 2021 Apr [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls\u003C/a>.","[2] Salari N, Darvishi N, Ahmadipanah M, Shohaimi S, Mohammadi M. Global prevalence of falls in the older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. [Internet]. 2022 Jun 28 [cited 2024 Mar 25];17(1):334. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35765037/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35765037/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03222-1","[3] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Falls [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2023 Jul 6 [cited 2024 Mar 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/falls\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/falls\u003C/a>.","[4] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Head injuries in Australia 2020–21 [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2023 Nov 16 [cited 2024 Mar. 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/head-injuries-in-australia-2020-21\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/head-injuries-in-australia-2020-21\u003C/a>.","[5] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Spinal injuries in Australia 2020-21 [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2024 Mar 7 [cited 2024 Mar. 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/spinal-injuries-in-australia-2020-21\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/spinal-injuries-in-australia-2020-21\u003C/a>.","[6] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Falls in older Australians 2019–20: hospitalisations and deaths among people aged 65 and over [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2022 Apr 7 [cited 2024 Mar. 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/falls-in-older-australians-2019-20-hospitalisation\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/injury/falls-in-older-australians-2019-20-hospitalisation\u003C/a>.","[7] Morris ME, Webster K, Jones C, Hill AM, Haines T, McPhail S, et al. Interventions to reduce falls in hospitals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing [Internet]. 2022 May 1 [cited 2024 Mar 25];51(5). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35524748/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35524748/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac077","[8] World Health Organization. WHO global report on falls prevention in older age [Internet]. Geneva (CH): World Health Organization; 2007 [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241563536\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241563536\u003C/a>.","[9] Montero-Odasso M, van der Velde N, Martin FC, Petrovic M, Tan MP, Ryg J, et al. World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative. Age Ageing [Internet]. 2022 Sep 2 [cited 2024 Mar 24];51(9). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36178003/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36178003/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac205.","[10] Lord SR, Sherrington C, Naganathan V. Epidemiology of Falls and Fall-Related Injuries. Falls in older people: Risk factors, strategies for prevention and implications for practice. 3rd ed. Cambridge (GB): Cambridge University Press; 2021 [cited 2024 Mar 24]. p3-22. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/epidemiology-of-falls-and-fallrelated-injuries/40D663B93E77C3519D5C8DAE79A5512A\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/epidemiology-of-falls-and-fallrelated-injuries/40D663B93E77C3519D5C8DAE79A5512A\u003C/a>.","[11] Independent Health and Aged Care Pricing Authority (IHACPA). Hospital acquired complications [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): IHACPA; 2019 [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ihacpa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-01/IHACPA_Hospital_Acquired_Complications_Fact_Sheet.PDF\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ihacpa.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023-01/IHACPA_Hospital_Acquired_Complications_Fact_Sheet.PDF\u003C/a>.","[12] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Hospital-Acquired Complication 2. Falls resulting in fracture or intracranial injury [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care; 2018 Mar [cited 2024 Mar 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/publications-and-resources/resource-library/hospital-acquired-complication-2-falls-resulting-fracture-or-intracranial-injury-fact-sheet\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/publications-and-resources/resource-library/hospital-acquired-complication-2-falls-resulting-fracture-or-intracranial-injury-fact-sheet\u003C/a>.","[13] Menant JC, Okubo Y, Menz HB. Postural stability and falls. In: Lord SR, Sherrington C, Naganathan V, editors. Falls in older people: Risk factors, strategies for prevention and implications for practice. 3rd ed. Cambridge (GB): : Cambridge University Press; 2021 Nov [cited 2024 Mar 24]. p23-50. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/postural-stability-and-falls/3590399CEBBAAD450F595451C3A659B2\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/postural-stability-and-falls/3590399CEBBAAD450F595451C3A659B2\u003C/a>.","[14] Toye C, Slatyer S, Kitchen S, Ingram K, Bronson M, Edwards D, et al. Bed Moves, Ward Environment, Staff Perspectives and Falls for Older People with High Falls Risk in an Acute Hospital: A Mixed Methods Study. Clin Interv Aging [Internet]. 2019 Dec 18 [cited 2024 Mar 25];14:2223-2237. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31908433/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31908433/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S211424","[15] Evans D, Hodgkinson B, Lambert L, Wood J. Falls risk factors in the hospital setting: a systematic review. Int J Nurs Pract [Internet]. 2001 Feb 7 [cited 2024 Mar 25];7(1):38-45. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11811346/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11811346/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-172x.2001.00269.x","[16] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards 2nd ed [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care; 2021 [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-05/national_safety_and_quality_health_service_nsqhs_standards_second_edition_-_updated_may_2021.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-05/national_safety_and_quality_health_service_nsqhs_standards_second_edition_-_updated_may_2021.pdf\u003C/a>.","[17] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Implementing the Comprehensive Care Standard: Deliver comprehensive care [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care; 2020 Dec [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-12/implementing_the_comprehensive_care_standard_-_deliver_comprehensive_care.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-12/implementing_the_comprehensive_care_standard_-_deliver_comprehensive_care.pdf\u003C/a>.","[18] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Implementing the Comprehensive Care Standard: Essential elements for delivering comprehensive care [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care; 2018 Aug [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/Implementing-Comprehensive-care-Essential-Elements-Accessibility-PDF.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/Implementing-Comprehensive-care-Essential-Elements-Accessibility-PDF.pdf\u003C/a>.","[19] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Guidebook for Preventing Falls and Harm From Falls in Older People: Australian Hospitals [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care; 2009 [cited 2024 Mar 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/30459-HOSP-Guidebook.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/30459-HOSP-Guidebook.pdf\u003C/a>.","[20] Jellett J, Williams C, Clayton D, Plummer V, Haines T. Falls risk score removal does not impact inpatient falls: A stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised trial. J Clin Nurs. [Internet]. 2020 Dec [cited 2024 Mar 25];29(23-24):4505-4513. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32945020/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32945020/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15471","[21] Prabhakaran K, Gogna S, Pee S, Samson DJ, Con J, Latifi R. Falling Again? Falls in Geriatric Adults-Risk Factors and Outcomes Associated With Recidivism. J Surg Res. [Internet]. 2020 Mar [cited 2024 Mar 25];247:66-76. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31767279/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31767279/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.10.041","[22] Queensland Health. Fear of falling - Stay On Your Feet [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Queensland Health, Queensland Government; 2021 May [updated 2022 Jun 16; cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.qld.gov.au/stayonyourfeet/for-professionals/fear-falling\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.qld.gov.au/stayonyourfeet/for-professionals/fear-falling\u003C/a>.","[23] Noce Kirkwood R, de Souza Moreira B, Mingoti SA, Faria BF, Sampaio RF, Alves Resende R. The slowing down phenomenon: What is the age of major gait velocity decline? Maturitas [Internet]. 2018 Sep [cited 2024 Mar 25];115:31-36. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30049344/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30049344/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.06.005","[24] Wilson J, Allcock L, Mc Ardle R, Taylor JP, Rochester L. The neural correlates of discrete gait characteristics in ageing: A structured review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev.[Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2024 Mar 25];100:344-369. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30552912/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30552912/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.12.017","[25] Mol A, Bui Hoang PTS, Sharmin S, Reijnierse EM, van Wezel RJA, Meskers CGM, et al. Orthostatic Hypotension and Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. [Internet]. 2019 May [cited 2024 Mar 25];20(5):589-97.e5. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30583909/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30583909/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2018.11.003","[26] Taylor ME, Whitney J. Impaired cognition and falls [Internet]. In: Lord SR, Sherrington C, Naganathan V, editors. Falls in older people: Risk factors, strategies for prevention and implications for practice. 3rd ed. Cambridge (GB): Cambridge University Press; 2021 [cited 2024 Mar 24]. p144-159. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/impaired-cognition-and-falls/0CA214D64C9A894B3165AD700AD477AC\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/impaired-cognition-and-falls/0CA214D64C9A894B3165AD700AD477AC\u003C/a>.","[27] Montero-Odasso M, Speechley M. Falls in Cognitively Impaired Older Adults: Implications for Risk Assessment And Prevention. J Am Geriatr Soc. [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2024 Mar 25];66(2):367 -375. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11081206/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11081206/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.20900/agmr20240002","[28] Stockwell-Smith G, Adeleye A, Chaboyer W, Cooke M, Phelan M, Todd JA, et al. Interventions to prevent in-hospital falls in older people with cognitive impairment for further research: A mixed studies review. J Clin Nurs. [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2024 Mar 25];29(17-18):3445-3460. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32578913/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32578913/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15383","[29] Ma L, Naganathan V. Medications as risk factors [Internet]. In: Lord SR, Sherrington C, Naganathan V, editors. Falls in older people: Risk factors, strategies for prevention and implications for practice. 3rd ed. Cambridge (GB): Cambridge University Press; 2021 [cited 2024 Mar 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/medications-as-risk-factors-for-falls/23DF0C1B53381A2AFB93A0CB42B162F1\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/falls-in-older-people/medications-as-risk-factors-for-falls/23DF0C1B53381A2AFB93A0CB42B162F1\u003C/a>.","[30] Stewart C, Taylor-Rowan M, Soiza RL, Quinn TJ, Loke YK, Myint PK. Anticholinergic burden measures and older people's falls risk: a systematic prognostic review. Ther Adv Drug Saf. [Internet]. 2021 May 31 [cited 2024 Mar 25];12:20420986211016645. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34104401/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34104401/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/20420986211016645","[31] Wong HL, Mandal AKJ, Weaver C, Chauhan R, Missouris CG. Polypharmacy and associated cumulative anticholinergic burden are important predictors of falls risk. Br J Clin Pharmacol. [Internet]. 2023 Jul [cited 2024 Mar 25];89(7):2332-2333. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37137729/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37137729/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15753","[32] Seppala LJ, Petrovic M, Ryg J, Bahat G, Topinkova E, Szczerbińska K, et al. STOPPFall (Screening Tool of Older Persons Prescriptions in older adults with high fall risk): a Delphi study by the EuGMS Task and Finish Group on Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs. Age Ageing [Internet]. 2021 Jun 28 [cited 2024 Mar 25];50(4):1189-1199. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33349863/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33349863/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15753.","[33] Saz HG, Yalçın N, Demirkan K, Halil MG. Clinical pharmacist-led assessment and management of anticholinergic burden and fall risk in geriatric patients. BMC Geriatr. [Internet]. 2023 Dec 15;23(1):863. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-023-04599-2\"target=\"_blank\">https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-023-04599-2\u003C/a>.","[34] Saedon NI, Pin Tan M, Frith J. The Prevalence of Orthostatic Hypotension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. [Internet]. 2020 Jan 1 [cited 2024 Mar 25];75(1):117-122. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30169579/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30169579/\u003C/a>. Doi: 10.1093/gerona/gly188","[35] Menz HB, Auhl M, Spink MJ. Foot problems as a risk factor for falls in community-dwelling older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Maturitas [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2024 Mar 25];118:7-14. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30415759/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30415759/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.10.001","[36] Yang Y, Hu X, Zhang Q, Zou R. Diabetes mellitus and risk of falls in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age Ageing [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2024 Mar 25];45(6):761-7. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27515679/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27515679/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afw140","[37] Kim IJ, Hegazy F. Enhancing Footwear Safety for Fall Prevention in Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review of Design Features. Ann Geriatr Med Res. [Internet]. 2024 Jun [cited 2024 [cited 2024 Jul 30];28(2):121-133. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217662/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11217662/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.4235/agmr.23.0167","[38] E JY, Mihailovic A, Kuo PL, West SK, Friedman DS, Gitlin LN, Li T, Schrack JA, Ramulu PY. Characterizing the Impact of Fear of Falling on Activity and Falls in Older Adults with Glaucoma. J Am Geriatr Soc. [Internet]. 2020 Aug [cited 2024 Mar 24];68(8):1847-1851. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32413186/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32413186/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16516","[39] Reed-Jones RJ, Solis GR, Lawson KA, Loya AM, Cude-Islas D, Berger CS. Vision and falls: a multidisciplinary review of the contributions of visual impairment to falls among older adults. Maturitas [Internet]. 2013 May [cited 2024 Mar 24];75(1):22-8. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23434262/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23434262/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.01.019","[40] Ellmers TJ, Freiberger E, Hauer K, Hogan DB, McGarrigle L, Lim ML, et al. Why should clinical practitioners ask about their patients' concerns about falling? Age Ageing [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 24];52(4). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37097766/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37097766/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10/1093/ageing/afad057","[41] Dewan N, MacDermid JC. Fall Efficacy Scale - International (FES-I). J Physio [Internet]. 2014 Mar [cited 2024 Mar 24];60(1):60. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24856947/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24856947/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2013.12.014","[42] The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and Osteoporosis Australia (RACGP). Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis and management in postmenopausal women and men over 50 years of age 2nd edition [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): RACGP, 2017. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://healthybonesaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/oa-racgp-osteoporosis-clinical-guidelines-2nd-ed.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://healthybonesaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/oa-racgp-osteoporosis-clinical-guidelines-2nd-ed.pdf\u003C/a>.","[43] Giner J, Mesa Galán L, Yus Teruel S, Guallar Espallargas MC, Pérez López C, Isla Guerrero A, et al. Traumatic brain injury in the new millennium: new population and new management. Neurologia (Engl Ed) [Internet]. 2022 Jun [cited 2024 Mar 25];37(5):383-9. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31153686/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31153686/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2019.03.01","[44] McKechnie D, Fisher MJ, Pryor J. The characteristics of falls in an inpatient traumatic brain injury rehabilitation setting. J Clin Nurs. [Internet]. 2016 Jan [cited 2024 Mar 25];25(1-2):213-222. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26621788/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26621788/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13087","[45] The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP), Healthy Bones Australia. Osteoporosis management and fracture prevention in postmenopausal women and men over 50 years of age 3rd edition [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): RACGP, 2024. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://healthybonesaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/hba-racgp-guidelines-2024.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://healthybonesaustralia.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/hba-racgp-guidelines-2024.pdf\u003C/a>","[46] Oh-Park M, Doan T, Dohle C, Vermiglio-Kohn V, Abdou A. Technology Utilization in Fall Prevention. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Mar 25];100(1):92-9. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32740053/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32740053/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001554","[47] Heng H, Jazayeri D, Shaw L, Kiegaldie D, Hill AM, Morris ME. Hospital falls prevention with patient education: a scoping review. BMC Geriatr. [Internet]. 2020 Apr 15 [cited 2024 Mar 25];20(1):140. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32293298/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32293298/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01515-w","[48] Hill AM, McPhail SM, Waldron N, Etherton-Beer C, Ingram K, Flicker L, et al. Fall rates in hospital rehabilitation units after individualised patient and staff education programs: a pragmatic, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2024 Mar 25];385(9987):2592-9. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25865864/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25865864/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10/1016/S0140-6736(14)61945-0","[49] Heng H, Kiegaldie D, Shaw L, Jazayeri D, Hill AM, Morris ME. Implementing Patient Falls Education in Hospitals: A Mixed-Methods Trial. Healthcare (Basel) [Internet]. 2022 Jul [cited 2024 Mar 25];10(7). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9316918/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9316918/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071298","[50] Shaw L, Kiegaldie D, Heng H, Morris ME. Interprofessional education to implement patient falls education in hospitals: Lessons learned. Nurs Open. [Internet]. 2023 Jan 10 [cited 2024 Mar 25];10(1):36-47. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35739642/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35739642/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1276","[51] Smith TO, Sreekanta A, Walkeden S, Penhale B, Hanson S. Interventions for reducing hospital-associated deconditioning: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 25];90:104176. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32652367/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32652367/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104176","[52] Sweeny S, Crowe S, Watson W, Rasmussen B, Wynter K, Holton S. End PJ Paralysis: An initiative to reduce patient’s functional decline. AMNJ [Internet]. Oct-Dec 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 30];27(1). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.westernhealth.org.au/AboutUs/Documents/ANMJ_2020%E2%80%93OctDec%E2%80%9328_CLINICAL_UPDATE_2v2.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.westernhealth.org.au/AboutUs/Documents/ANMJ_2020%E2%80%93OctDec%E2%80%9328_CLINICAL_UPDATE_2v2.pdf\u003C/a>.","[53] Chen Y, Almirall-Sánchez A, Mockler D, Adrion E, Domínguez-Vivero C, Romero-Ortuño R. Hospital-associated deconditioning: Not only physical, but also cognitive. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry [Internet]. 2022 Mar [cited 2024 Mar 25];37(3). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35142397/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35142397/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/gps.5687","[54] Morton L, Cogan N, Kornfält S, Porter Z, Georgiadis E. Baring all: The impact of the hospital gown on patient well-being. Br J Health Psychol. [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2024 Mar 25];25(3):452-73. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32314508/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32314508/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12416","[55] Hartley P, Keating JL, Jeffs KJ, Raymond MJ, Smith TO. Exercise for acutely hospitalised older medical patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. [Internet]. 2022 Nov 10 [cited 2024 Mar 25];11(11):CD005955. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36355032/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36355032/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005955.pub3.","[56] Holte HH, Underland V, Hafstad E. Review of Systematic Reviews on Prevention of Falls in Institutions [Internet]. Oslo (NORW): Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services; 2015 [cited 2024 Mar 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK390564/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK390564.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK390564/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK390564.pdf\u003C/a>.","[57] National Institutde for Health and Care Excellent (NICE). Falls: Assessment and Prevention of Falls in Older People [Internet]. London (GB): NICE; 2013 Jun [cited 2024 Mar 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg161\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg161\u003C/a>.","[58] Sari Augianto KM, Sri Hariyati RT, Galleryzki AR, Bota Koten EH, Sudjiati E, Bardah D. Completeness Documentation of Fall Risk Management: A Cross-Sectional Stufy. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. [Internet]. 2022 Nov-Dec [cited 2024 Mar 25];27(6):517-521. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9881557/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9881557/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.4103ijnmr.ijnmr_109_21","[59] Poss JW, Hirdes JP. Very Frequent Fallers and Future Fall Injury: Continuous Risk Among Community-Dwelling Home Care Recipients. J Aging Health. [Internet]. 2016 Jun [cited 2024 Mar 25];28(4):587-99. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26270720/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26270720/\u003C/a>. 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Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Perth, Australia","peerReviewers":["7dffcf21-e161-4de0-b6d0-5ea17384077c"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2022 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] MJ Brenner, Pandian V, Millren CE, et al. Global tracheostomy collaborative: Data-driven improvements in patient safety through multidisciplinary teamwork, standardisation, education, and patient partnership. Br J Anaesth [Internet]. 2020 Jul [cited 2024 Jul 23];125(1):104-118. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302695\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302695\u003C/a>. DOI: 0.1016/j.bja.2020.04.054","[2] McGrath BA, Lynch J, Bonvento B, et al. Evaluating the quality improvement impact of the global tracheostomy collaborative in four diverse NHS hospitals. BMJ Qual Improv Rep [Internet]. 2017 May 23 [cited 2024 Jul 23];6(1):bmjqir.u220636.w7996. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/6/1/bmjqir.u220636.w7996#ref-8“target=\"_blank\">https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/6/1/bmjqir.u220636.w7996#ref-8\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1136/bmjquality.u220636.w7996.","[3] King T. Understanding Tracheostomies [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 Jul 30 [cited 2024 A. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/understanding-tracheostomies\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/understanding-tracheostomies\u003C/a>.","[4] Hyzy RC, McSparron JI. Tracheostomy: Rationale, indications, and contraindications [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate; 2024 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-rationale-indications-and-contraindications\"target=\"_blank\">*https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-rationale-indications-and-contraindications\u003C/a>.","[5] Tracheostomy Review and Management Service (TRAMS). Introduction to tracheostomy [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Austin Health; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://rise.articulate.com/share/rUwMOZZSRpNJAkvO5B24VD8Mhxp2UDQE#/\"target=\"_blank\">https://rise.articulate.com/share/rUwMOZZSRpNJAkvO5B24VD8Mhxp2UDQE#/\u003C/a>.","[6] Agency for Clinical Innovation. Clinical Practice Guideline: Care of adult patients in acute care facilities with a tracheostomy [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Agency for Clinical Innovation; 2021 [cited 2024 Jun 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/685300/ACI-CPG-Care-adult-patients-acute-tracheostomy.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/685300/ACI-CPG-Care-adult-patients-acute-tracheostomy.pdf\u003C/a>.","[7] Raimonde AJ, Westhoven N, Winters R. Tracheostomy [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 [cited 2024 Jun 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559124/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559124/\u003C/a>.","[8] Hyzy RC, Cardenas JLD. Tracheostomy in adults: Techniques and intraoperative complications In: Feller-Kopman DJ, Finlay G, editors. UpToDate [Internet]. Yardley (PA): UpToDate Inc; 2024 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-in-adults-techniques-and-intraoperative-complications\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-in-adults-techniques-and-intraoperative-complications\u003C/a>.","[9] Hyzy RC, McSparron JI. Tracheostomy: Postoperative care, maintenance, and complications in adults. In: Feller-Kopman DJ, Finlay G, editors. UpToDate. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2023 Mar 14 [cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-postoperative-care-maintenance-and-complications-in-adults\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-postoperative-care-maintenance-and-complications-in-adults\u003C/a>.","[10] The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne (RCH). Nursing guidelines: Tracheostomy management [Internet]. Parkville (VIC): RCH; [updated 2022 Jul; cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rch.org.au/rchcpg/hospital_clinical_guideline_index/tracheostomy_management/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.rch.org.au/rchcpg/hospital_clinical_guideline_index/tracheostomy_management/\u003C/a>.","[11] Tracheostomy Tube Cuff Management. Tracheostomy Education [Internet]. New York (NY): Tracheostomy Education; 2019 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tracheostomyeducation.com/tracheostomy-tube-cuff-management/\"target=\"_blank\">https://tracheostomyeducation.com/tracheostomy-tube-cuff-management/\u003C/a>.","[12] Dunford M, Sankey P. Tracheostomy Clinical Management Procedures for Adult Inpatients [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): South Eastern Sydney Local Health District; 2024 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.seslhd.health.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/SESLHDPR%20298%20-%20Tracheostomy%20Clinical%20Management%20Procedures%20for%20Adults%20Inpatients_0.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.seslhd.health.nsw.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/SESLHDPR%20298%20-%20Tracheostomy%20Clinical%20Management%20Procedures%20for%20Adults%20Inpatients_0.pdf\u003C/a>.","[13] Klompas M, Branson R, Cawcutt K, Crist M, Eichenwalk EC, Greene LR et al. Strategies to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia, ventilator-associated events, and nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia in acute-care hospitals 2022 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol [Internet]. 2022 May 20 [cited 2024 Aug 9]; 43(6):687-713. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903147/.\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10903147/.\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1017/ice.2022.88","[14] Spataro E, Durakovic N, Kallogjeri D, Nussenbaum B. Complications and 30-day hospital readmission rates of patients undergoing tracheostomy: A prospective analysis. Laryngoscope 2017 Dec;127(12): 2746-2753. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28543108/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28543108/\u003Ca/>. DOI: 10.1002/lary.26668\"target=\"_blank\">","[15] Lee M, Wilson H. Complications of Tracheostomy. Shanghai Chest. 2021 Oct 30;30(5). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://shc.amegroups.org/article/view/6988/html\"target=\"_blank\">https://shc.amegroups.org/article/view/6988/html\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.21037/shc-21-21","[16] Ng J, Hamrang-Yousefi S, Agarwal A. Tracheostomy Tube Change [Internet].Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555919/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555919/\u003C/a>.","[17] Tracheostomy Review and Management Service (TRAMS). Routine tracheostomy care [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Austin Health; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://rise.articulate.com/share/QSBcWNvg5uTJUWNzoBO0gTLR-L6xwReh#/lessons/3RYnstYBSvIM8k3OrOoVxcspQQ96JUAO\"target=\"_blank\">https://rise.articulate.com/share/QSBcWNvg5uTJUWNzoBO0gTLR-L6xwReh#/lessons/3RYnstYBSvIM8k3OrOoVxcspQQ96JUAO\u003C/a>.","[18] Agency for Clinical Innovation. Emergency equipment for an adult patient with a tracheostomy [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Agency for Clinical Innovation; Oct 2021 [cited 2024 Jun 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/685312/ACI-Emergency-equipment-patient-with-tracheostomy.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/685312/ACI-Emergency-equipment-patient-with-tracheostomy.pdf\u003C/a>.","[19] Andaloro C, Widrich J. Total Laryngectomy [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556041/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556041/\u003C/a>.","[20] National Tracheostomy Safety Project (NTSP). NTSP Algorithms and Bedheads [Internet]. Manchester (GB):National Tracheostomy Safety Project (NTSP Ltd; 2024 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tracheostomy.org.uk/NTSP-Algorithms-and-Bedheads\"target=\"_blank\">https://tracheostomy.org.uk/NTSP-Algorithms-and-Bedheads\u003C/a>.","[21] Agency for Clinical Innovation. ACI Laryngectomy bedhead signage[Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Agency for Clinical Innovation; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/685305/ACI-Laryngectomy-bedhead-signage.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0009/685305/ACI-Laryngectomy-bedhead-signage.pdf\u003C/a>.","[22] Agency for Clinical Innovation. ACI Emergency Laryngectomy Management [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Agency for Clinical Innovation; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/685309/ACI-Emergency-laryngectomy-management.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/685309/ACI-Emergency-laryngectomy-management.pdf\u003C/a>.","[23] Agency for Clinical Innovation. ACI Tracheostomy bedhead signage[Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Agency for Clinical Innovation; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/685306/ACI-Tracheostomy-bedhead-signage.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/685306/ACI-Tracheostomy-bedhead-signage.pdf\u003C/a>.","[24] Agency for Clinical Innovation. ACI Emergency Tracheostomy Management [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Agency for Clinical Innovation; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/685308/ACI-Emergency-tracheostomy-management-patent-upper-airway-plan.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/685308/ACI-Emergency-tracheostomy-management-patent-upper-airway-plan.pdf\u003C/a>.","[25] Rosero EB. Airway management for anesthesia for the patient with a tracheostomy. In: Hagberg CA, Crowley M, editor. UpToDate. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2024 [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/airway-management-for-anesthesia-for-the-patient-with-a-tracheostomy\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/airway-management-for-anesthesia-for-the-patient-with-a-tracheostomy\u003C/a>.","[26] Garrubba M, Turner T, Grieveson C. Multidisciplinary care for tracheostomy patients: a systematic review. Crit Care [Internet]. 2009 Nov 06 [cited 2024 May 28];13(6):R177. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/cc8159\"target=\"_blank\">https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/cc8159\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/cc8159"],"guidelines":["f40dd466-ecbb-4562-a729-72171b31951a","b11123e3-09ad-4f1d-9619-98b8ef1c2458","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"ca198299-5a0f-42de-8c08-bbccc7e7945a","topicText":["Care fundamentals: Part one","Care fundamentals: Part two","Advanced care and management","Safety protocols"],"need":"\u003Cp>Adverse events related to tracheostomies are a significant global concern, accounting for approximately half of airway-related deaths and instances of hypoxic brain injury in critical care environments. These incidents often stem from unrecognised or improperly managed complexities in tracheostomy care, encompassing a diverse range of potential complications. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Standard 8: Recognising and responding to acute deterioration standard [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2017 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/recognising-and-responding-acute-deterioration-standard\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/recognising-and-responding-acute-deterioration-standard\u003C/a>.","[2] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Recognising and responding to clinical deterioration - Action guide [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2017 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/1.3-Recognising-and-Responding.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/1.3-Recognising-and-Responding.pdf\u003C/a>.","[3] Chaldwin R, Jones D, Psirides A, et al. Managing deteriorating patients [Internet]. RRT Handbook; 2018 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://rrthandbook.org\"target=\"_blank\">https://rrthandbook.org\u003C/a>.","[4] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Clinical care standards [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2017 [cited Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/clinical-care-standards\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/clinical-care-standards\u003C/a>.","[5] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Action 8.05: Recognising acute deterioration [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2017 [cited Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/recognising-and-responding-acute-deterioration-standard/detecting-and-recognising-acute-deterioration-and-escalating-care/action-805\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/recognising-and-responding-acute-deterioration-standard/detecting-and-recognising-acute-deterioration-and-escalating-care/action-805\u003C/a>.","[6] The Australia and New Zealand Cardiac Arrest Outcome and Determinants of ECMO (ANZ-CODE) Investigators. The epidemiology of in-hospital cardiac arrests in Australia: a prospective multicentre observational study. Crit Care Resusc [Internet]. 2019 Sep [cited 2024 Aug 1];21(3):180-187. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1441277223005264\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1441277223005264\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/S1441-2772(23)00526-4.","[7] The Australia and New Zealand Cardiac Arrest Outcome and Determinants of ECMO (ANZ-CODE) Investigators. Antecedents to and outcomes for in-hospital cardiac arrests in Australian hospitals with mature medical emergency teams: A multicentre prospective observational study. ACCN [Internet]. 2023 Nov [cited 2024 Aug 1];36(6):1059-1066. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1036731423000267\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1036731423000267\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2023.01.011.","[8] MERIT study investigators. Introduction of the medical emergency team (MET) system: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet [Internet]. 2005 Jun 18 [cited 2024 Aug 1];365(9477):2091-2097. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(05)66733-5/abstract\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(05)66733-5/abstract\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66733-5.","[9] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Action 8.04: Recognising acute deterioration [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2017 [cited Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/recognising-and-responding-acute-deterioration-standard/detecting-and-recognising-acute-deterioration-and-escalating-care/action-804\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/recognising-and-responding-acute-deterioration-standard/detecting-and-recognising-acute-deterioration-and-escalating-care/action-804\u003C/a>.","[10] Keneally J. ABCDE Assessment (Primary Survey) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2023 Dec [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/abcde-assessment-primary-survey\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/abcde-assessment-primary-survey\u003C/a>.","[11] Shobhit J, Lindsay M I. Glasgow Coma Scale [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls; [updated 2023 Jun 12; cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513298/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513298/\u003C/a>.","[12] David R, Mitchell W F. AVPU Scale [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls; [updated 2023 Apr 3; cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538431/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538431/\u003C/a>.","[13] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Sepsis: Clinical care standard [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2022 June [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2022-06/sepsis_clinical_care_standard_2022.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2022-06/sepsis_clinical_care_standard_2022.pdf\u003C/a>.","[14] Stroke Foundation. Signs of stroke [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Stroke Foundation; 2016 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://strokefoundation.org.au/about-stroke/learn/signs-of-stroke\"target=\"_blank\">https://strokefoundation.org.au/about-stroke/learn/signs-of-stroke\u003C/a>.","[15] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Recognising and responding to clinical deterioration: Use of observation charts to identify clinical deterioration [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2009 Mar [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/UsingObservationCharts-2009.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/UsingObservationCharts-2009.pdf\u003C/a>.","[16] The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne (RCH). ViCTOR [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): RCH; 2014 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://education-hub.rch.org.au/education-programs-and-resources/victor/\"target=\"_blank\">https://education-hub.rch.org.au/education-programs-and-resources/victor/\u003C/a>.","[17] Clinical Excellence Queensland. NSQHS Standard 8 Recognising and Responding to Acute Deterioration Definitions Sheet – Edition 2 [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Queensland Health; 2018 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. 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Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6691444/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6691444/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_440_19.","[24] Chee Tan, S. Hayes, L. Cross, et al. Pre-medical emergency team activations- Patient characteristics, outcomes and predictors of deterioration. Aust Crit Care [Internet]. 2023 Nov [cited 2024 Aug 1];36(6):1078-1083. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37076387/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37076387/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2023.03.002.","[25] The Australia and New Zealand Cardiac Arrest Outcome and Determinants of ECMO (ANZ-CODE) Investigators. Antecedents to and outcomes for in-hospital cardiac arrests in Australian hospitals with mature medical emergency teams: A multicentre prospective observational study. Aust Crit Care [Internet]. 2023 Nov [cited 2024 Aug 1];36(6):1059-1066. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37059632/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37059632/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2023.01.011.","[26] Bişkin CS, Sezgin MG, Coşkun M, et al. Evaluation of code blue notifications and their results: A university hospital example. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim [Internet]. 2023 Apr [cited 2024 Aug 1];51(2):105-111. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37140575/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37140575/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.5152/TJAR.2023.22965.","[27] World Health Organization (WHO). Clinical care for sepsis [Internet]. Geneva (CH): WHO; 2024 Jan 30 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.who.int/teams/integrated-health-services/clinical-services-and-systems/clinical-management-of-sepsis\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.who.int/teams/integrated-health-services/clinical-services-and-systems/clinical-management-of-sepsis\u003C/a>.","[28] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). National Consensus Statement: Essential elements for recognising and responding to acute physiological deterioration (third edition) [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2021 Nov [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/publications-and-resources/resource-library/national-consensus-statement-essential-elements-recognising-and-responding-acute-physiological-deterioration-third-edition\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/publications-and-resources/resource-library/national-consensus-statement-essential-elements-recognising-and-responding-acute-physiological-deterioration-third-edition\u003C/a>.","[29] Nallamothu BK, Greif R, Anderson T, et al. Ten steps toward improving in-hospital cardiac arrest quality of care and outcomes. Circ-Cardiovasc Qual [Internet]. 2023 Nov 11 [cited 2024 Aug 1];16(11). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.123.010491\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.123.010491\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.123.010491.","[30] Australian Resuscitation Council, New Zealand Resuscitation Council (ANZCOR). ANZCOR Guidelines [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): ANZCOR; 2024 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.anzcor.org/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.anzcor.org/\u003C/a>.","[31] Jones D, Kishore K, Eastwood G, et al. Breaches of pre-medical emergency team call criteria in an Australian hospital. Crit Care Resusc [Internet]. 2023 Dec [cited 2024 Aug 1];25(4):223-228. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10790013/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10790013/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccrj.2023.11.002.","[32] Jones D. The epidemiology of adult Rapid Response Team patients in Australia. Anaesth and Intensive Care [Internet]. 2014 Mar [cited 2024 Aug 1];42(2):213-219. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24580387/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24580387/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/0310057X1404200208.","[33] Queensland Government. Ryan’s Rule [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Queensland Government; [updated 2024 May 14; cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://clinicalexcellence.qld.gov.au/priority-areas/safety-and-quality/ryans-rule\"target=\"_blank\">https://clinicalexcellence.qld.gov.au/priority-areas/safety-and-quality/ryans-rule\u003C/a>.","[34] Clinical Excellence Queensland. Rural perioperative team training program: teamwork and crisis resource management principles [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Queensland Health; 2018 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://clinicalexcellence.qld.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-12/RPTTP%20CRM%20Principles.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://clinicalexcellence.qld.gov.au/sites/default/files/2018-12/RPTTP%20CRM%20Principles.pdf\u003C/a>.","[35] St John Ambulance Western Australia. DRSABCD - Action plan adult and child [Internet]. Belmont (WA): St John Ambulance Western Australia Ltd; 2018 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://stjohnwa.com.au/online-resources/first-aid-information-and-resources/drsabcd-action-plan\"target=\"_blank\">https://stjohnwa.com.au/online-resources/first-aid-information-and-resources/drsabcd-action-plan\u003C/a>.","[36] Nickson C. Crisis resource management (CRM) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Life in the Fast Lane; 2020 Nov 3 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://litfl.com/crisis-resource-management-crm/\"target=\"_blank\">https://litfl.com/crisis-resource-management-crm/\u003C/a>.","[37] Nickson C. Communication in a crisis [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Life in the Fast Lane; 2020 Nov 3 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://litfl.com/communication-in-a-crisis/\"target=\"_blank\">https://litfl.com/communication-in-a-crisis/\u003C/a>.","[38] Hunter New England Health. ISBAR revisited: Identifying and Solving BARriers to effective clinical handover [Internet]. Newcastle (NSW): 2009 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. 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Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wacountry.health.wa.gov.au/~/media/WACHS/Documents/About-us/Policies/Hot-and-Cold-Debrief-for-Code-Blue-and-Complex-Medical-Emergency-Calls-Procedure---Bunbury-Hospital.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.wacountry.health.wa.gov.au/~/media/WACHS/Documents/About-us/Policies/Hot-and-Cold-Debrief-for-Code-Blue-and-Complex-Medical-Emergency-Calls-Procedure---Bunbury-Hospital.pdf\u003C/a>.","[43] Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA). Fact sheet - How to hot debrief [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): ANZCA; 2021 [cited 2024 Aug 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://libguides.anzca.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=49791823\"target=_blank\">https://libguides.anzca.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=49791823\u003C/a>.","[44] Donnelly T. Leadership: briefing and debriefing in the operating room. J Perioper Pract [Internet]. 2017 Jul [cited 2024 Aug 1];27(7-8):154-157. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29328760/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29328760/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/1750458917027007-802."],"guidelines":["8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","05301d8d-58f9-4c5d-a720-2770d9ad423a"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"4a909149-2024-4796-97d8-a334b898f04f","topicText":["Overview of NSQHS Standard 8: Recognising and Responding to Acute Deterioration","Identifying deterioration, early warning systems (EWS) and track-and-trigger charting","Emergency protocols and rapid response teams","Crisis resource management (CRM)","Advanced communication strategies","Debriefing frameworks","Clinical documentation and quality improvement"],"need":"\u003Cp>When serious adverse events occur, such as life-threatening clinical scenarios like cardiac arrest or respiratory depression, too often they are foreshadowed by noticeable physiological and clinical irregularities.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Beyond physiological indicators, similarly serious psychological signs of decline are also often observable ahead of serious or even sentinel events. 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The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["020269bf-dc3f-43e1-8bf8-db1481018a5d"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. 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He completed a research Masters by evaluating factors that influence quality end-of-life care. Tony is passionate about developing all healthcare professionals, recognising we all have knowledge and strengths that positively contribute to a patient's journey.",""],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"26c08591-0b68-4217-971e-989584536bd5","overview":"\u003Cp>Tracheostomies offer critical airway management for patients, providing versatile respiratory support for both short-term and long-term needs. However, for both patients and clinicians, unfamiliarity with tracheostomies can be daunting. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] MJ Brenner, Pandian V, Millren CE, et al. Global tracheostomy collaborative: Data-driven improvements in patient safety through multidisciplinary teamwork, standardisation, education, and patient partnership. Br J Anaesth [Internet]. 2020 Jul [cited 2024 Jul 23];125(1):104-118. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302695\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007091220302695\u003C/a>. DOI: 0.1016/j.bja.2020.04.054","[2] McGrath BA, Lynch J, Bonvento B, et al. Evaluating the quality improvement impact of the global tracheostomy collaborative in four diverse NHS hospitals. BMJ Qual Improv Rep [Internet]. 2017 May 23 [cited 2024 Jul 23];6(1):bmjqir.u220636.w7996. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/6/1/bmjqir.u220636.w7996\"target=\"_blank\">https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/6/1/bmjqir.u220636.w7996\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1136/bmjquality.u220636.w7996.","[3] Hyzy RC, McSparron J I. Tracheostomy: Rationale, indications, and contraindications. In: Feller-Kopman DJ, Finlay G, editors. UpToDate [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2024 Jan 18 [updated 2024 Jun; cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-rationale-indications-and-contraindications\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-rationale-indications-and-contraindications\u003C/a>.","[4] Tracheostomy Review and Management Service (TRAMS). Introduction to tracheostomy [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Austin Health; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://rise.articulate.com/share/rUwMOZZSRpNJAkvO5B24VD8Mhxp2UDQE#/\"target=\"_blank\">https://rise.articulate.com/share/rUwMOZZSRpNJAkvO5B24VD8Mhxp2UDQE#/\u003C/a>.","[5] NSW Agency for Clinical Innovation. Clinical practice guideline: Care of adult patients in acute care facilities with a tracheostomy. [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACI; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/685300/ACI-CPG-Care-adult-patients-acute-tracheostomy.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/685300/ACI-CPG-Care-adult-patients-acute-tracheostomy.pdf\u003C/a>.","[6] Raimonde AJ, Westhoven N, Winters R. Tracheostomy [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls; [updated 2023 Jul 24; cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559124/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559124/\u003C/a>.","[7] Hyzy RC, De Cardenas JL. Tracheostomy in adults: Techniques and intraoperative complications. In: Feller-Kopman DJ, Finlay G, editors. UpToDate. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2023 Jul 2 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-in-adults-techniques-and-intraoperative-complications\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-in-adults-techniques-and-intraoperative-complications\u003C/a>.","[8] Hyzy RC, McSparron JI. Tracheostomy: Postoperative care, maintenance, and complications in adults. In: Feller-Kopman DJ, Finlay G, editors. UpToDate. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2023 Mar 14 [cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-postoperative-care-maintenance-and-complications-in-adults\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/tracheostomy-postoperative-care-maintenance-and-complications-in-adults\u003C/a>.","[9] Worcestershire Acute Hospitals. Adult mini-tracheostomy: Patients/carers information and assessment pack [Internet]. Worcester (GB): NHS; 2020 [cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://apps.worcsacute.nhs.uk/KeyDocumentPortal/Home/DownloadFile/2843\"target=\"_blank\">https://apps.worcsacute.nhs.uk/KeyDocumentPortal/Home/DownloadFile/2843\u003C/a>.","[10] St John Ambulance Western Australia. Tracheostomy / laryngectomy airway emergencies [Internet]. Belmont (WA): St John Ambulance Western Australia Ltd; 2022 Mar [cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://clinical.stjohnwa.com.au/clinical-practice-guidelines/respiratory/tracheostomy-laryngectomy-airway-emergencies\"target=\"_blank\">https://clinical.stjohnwa.com.au/clinical-practice-guidelines/respiratory/tracheostomy-laryngectomy-airway-emergencies\u003C/a>.","[11] The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne (RCH). Nursing guidelines: Tracheostomy management [Internet]. Parkville (VIC): RCH; [updated 2022 Jul; cited 2024 Jul 23]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.rch.org.au/rchcpg/hospital_clinical_guideline_index/tracheostomy_management/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.rch.org.au/rchcpg/hospital_clinical_guideline_index/tracheostomy_management/\u003C/a>.","[12] Gentile MN, Irvine AD, King AM, et al. Enhancing communication in critically ill patients with a tracheostomy: A systematic review of evidence-based interventions and outcomes. Tracheostomy [Internet]. 2024 Mar 31 [cited 2024 Jul 23];1(1):26-41. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://trachjournal.scholasticahq.com/article/115440-enhancing-communication-in-critically-ill-patients-with-a-tracheostomy-a-systematic-review-of-evidence-based-interventions-and-outcomes\"target=\"_blank\">https://trachjournal.scholasticahq.com/article/115440-enhancing-communication-in-critically-ill-patients-with-a-tracheostomy-a-systematic-review-of-evidence-based-interventions-and-outcomes\u003C/a>.","[13] National Tracheostomy Safety Project (NTSP). Comprehensive tracheostomy care [Internet]. Manchester (GB): NTSP; 2013 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tracheostomy.org.uk/storage/files/Comprehensive%20Tracheostomy%20Care.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://tracheostomy.org.uk/storage/files/Comprehensive%20Tracheostomy%20Care.pdf \u003C/a>.","[14] Tracheostomy Review and Management Service (TRAMS). Routine tracheostomy care [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Austin Health; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://rise.articulate.com/share/QSBcWNvg5uTJUWNzoBO0gTLR-L6xwReh#/lessons/3RYnstYBSvIM8k3OrOoVxcspQQ96JUAO\"target=\"_blank\">https://rise.articulate.com/share/QSBcWNvg5uTJUWNzoBO0gTLR-L6xwReh#/lessons/3RYnstYBSvIM8k3OrOoVxcspQQ96JUAO\u003C/a>.","[15] McGrath BA, Wallace S, Wilson M, et al. Safety and feasibility of above cuff vocalisation for ventilator-dependent patients with tracheostomies. JICS [Internet]. 2018 Mar 18 [cited 2024 Jul 23];20(1):59-65. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1751143718767055\"target=\"_blank\">https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1751143718767055\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1177/1751143718767055","[16] Tracheostomy Review and Management Service (TRAMS). Decannulation [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Austin Health; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://rise.articulate.com/share/pHTeiVjmsJDJKBsw2VKU_8hqaLZ5clMR#/lessons/ZjH9Ss3gwY9N5saONvq0qxCf_pTDGwYX\"target=\"_blank\">https://rise.articulate.com/share/pHTeiVjmsJDJKBsw2VKU_8hqaLZ5clMR#/lessons/ZjH9Ss3gwY9N5saONvq0qxCf_pTDGwYX\u003C/a>.","[17] Tracheostomy Review and Management Service (TRAMS). Emergency management of a tracheostomy [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Austin Health; 2021 [cited 2024 Jul 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://rise.articulate.com/share/nri-ANzfrnuUNGuR4mndy9oxCCFPnknY#/lessons/HhAA8hPelKwg_36nv3W3IPXcYDUlM0Hv\"target=\"_blank\">https://rise.articulate.com/share/nri-ANzfrnuUNGuR4mndy9oxCCFPnknY#/lessons/HhAA8hPelKwg_36nv3W3IPXcYDUlM0Hv\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["b11123e3-09ad-4f1d-9619-98b8ef1c2458","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","f40dd466-ecbb-4562-a729-72171b31951a"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"26c08591-0b68-4217-971e-989584536bd5","topicText":["What is a tracheostomy?","Key components of a tracheostomy","Basic anatomy of tracheostomy placement","Indications and contraindications for tracheostomies","Facilitating communication and voicing","Best practices for documentation"],"need":"\u003Cp>Adverse events related to tracheostomies are a significant global concern, accounting for approximately half of airway-related deaths and instances of hypoxic brain injury in critical care environments.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>The intricate nature of tracheostomy management necessitates specialised, comprehensive knowledge and skills, especially considering the procedure's prevalence across critical care, ward and subacute settings such as rehab.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Addressing this educational gap is paramount, as equipping nurses, paramedics and other clinicians with the capability to facilitate care of patients with tracheostomies can only improve their outcomes.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Focused education empowers our workforce to effectively manage tracheostomies and provide the best possible management to those in our care.\u003C/p>","purpose":"To equip healthcare professionals with the foundational knowledge and understanding of tracheostomies and their functions, in order to improve practice when caring for patients with tracheostomies.","targetAudience":"Nurses and other healthcare professionals working in acute and subacute settings who are aiming to increase their understanding of tracheostomies.","disclaimer":"\u003Cp>The Content that Ausmed Education Pty Ltd and its related entities (Ausmed) provide is for your general information and educational purposes only, to assist in enabling you to satisfy your continuing professional development requirements. Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["020269bf-dc3f-43e1-8bf8-db1481018a5d"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. 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A renal nurse with over 25 years’ experience, Peter has worked in Scotland, England, Guernsey as well as tertiary referral hospitals in Queensland and New South Wales in a variety of clinical, leadership and education roles. Consequently, he brings a broad lens and vast experience to the teams he works with and leads. Peter has extensive experience in the development, design and evaluation of e-simulation and high fidelity asynchronous online programs at a national and international level in private, government and not-for-profit organisations.\nHe is passionate about developing engaging, contemporary and authentic learning experiences that challenge learners to think critically and creatively as they assimilate new knowledge and skills into their practice. Peter’s passion for contemporary learning experiences extends to his research interests. His primary focus is on e-learning and education evaluation methods, particularly instructional design, and he has a keen interest in the transformative potential of generative AI technologies and their application in the EdTech sector.",""],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"3e2ec8e9-b2f2-49f9-a89d-145bf38d7e38","overview":"\u003Cp>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious condition with potentially life-threatening consequences if undetected and untreated.\u003C/p> \n\n\u003Cp>This Ausmed Course equips learners with essential best practices for early detection and effective management of CKD, helping at-risk individuals and those already affected improve their quality of life.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Key information and graphics featured throughout this course were adapted with permission from Kidney Health Australia, according to their \u003Ca href=\"https://kidney.org.au/health-professionals/ckd-management-handbook\"target=\"_blank\">Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Management in Primary Care handbook (5th edition)\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>","status":"Published","outcomes":["Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the kidney.","Define CKD and identify major risk factors.","Explain best-practice screening methods for the early detection of CKD.","List best-practice CKD assessment and management strategies according to CKD staging criteria.","Identify the nursing implications for people with and at risk of CKD."],"reviewDate":"2026-03-31T13:00:00.000Z","publishDate":"2024-07-22T14:00:00.000Z","recordDate":"2024-02-18T13:00:00.000Z","version":1,"coverImageURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE199v1.0.jpg","deliveryMethods":"\u003Cp>This Course is presented in an engaging online manner. 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They are:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Participate in the Review-Your-Learning questions\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","contactHours":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 31/07/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>\n\n","disclosure":"No conflict of interest exists for anyone in the position to control content for this activity. Wherever possible, generic or non-proprietary names of medications or products have been used.","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Kidney Health Australia (KHA). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) management in primary care (5th edition) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): KHA; 2020 [cited 2023 Dec 13]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://assets.kidney.org.au/resources/Chronic-kidney-disease-management-in-primary-care-5th-edition-handbook.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://assets.kidney.org.au/resources/Chronic-kidney-disease-management-in-primary-care-5th-edition-handbook.pdf\u003C/a>.","[2] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Chronic kidney disease: Australian facts [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): AIHW; 2022 Aug 23 [updated 2023 Dec 14; cited 2024 Dec 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/chronic-kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/chronic-kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease/\u003C/a>.","[3] Deloitte Access Economics. Changing the chronic kidney disease landscape: The economic benefits of early detection and treatment [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Deloitte Access Economics, Kidney Health Australia; 2023 Feb [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://assets.kidney.org.au/resources/Changing-the-CKD-landscape-Economic-benefits-of-early-detection-and-treatment.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://assets.kidney.org.au/resources/Changing-the-CKD-landscape-Economic-benefits-of-early-detection-and-treatment.pdf\u003C/a>.","[4] Neale EP, Middleton J, Lambert K. Barriers and enablers to detection and management of chronic kidney disease in primary healthcare: a systematic review. BMC Nephrol [Internet]. 2020 Mar 12 [cited 2024 Jun 18];21(83). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01731-x\"target=\"_blank\">https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01731-x\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01731-x.","[5] Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Why uniform nomenclature on kidney function and disease? [Internet]. Brussels (BE): KDIGO; 2018 Oct [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/KDIGO-Kidney-Nomenclature-Guiding-Principles.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/KDIGO-Kidney-Nomenclature-Guiding-Principles.pdf\u003C/a>.","[6] Rennke H, Denker BM. Renal pathophysiology: The Essentials. 6th edition. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2024.","[7] Kidney Health Australia (KHA). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) management in primary care (4th edition) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): KHA; 2020 [cited 2023 Dec 13]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://kidney.org.au/uploads/resources/CKD-Management-in-Primary-Care_handbook_2020.1.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://kidney.org.au/uploads/resources/CKD-Management-in-Primary-Care_handbook_2020.1.pdf\u003C/a>.","[8] Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA). ANZDATA 46th annual report 2023 (Data to 2022) [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): ANZDATA; 2023 [updated 2024 Apr 17; cited 2024 Ju 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.anzdata.org.au/report/anzdata-46th-annual-report-2023-data-to-2022/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.anzdata.org.au/report/anzdata-46th-annual-report-2023-data-to-2022/\u003C/a>.","[9] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health performance framework - Measures: 1.10 kidney disease [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): AIHW; 2023 [cited 2024 Jan 24]. Available from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.indigenoushpf.gov.au/Measures/1-10-Kidney-disease\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.indigenoushpf.gov.au/Measures/1-10-Kidney-disease\u003C/a>.","[10] Kidney Health Australia (KHA). Kidney risk test [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): KHA; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://kidney.org.au/kidneyrisktest\"target=\"_blank\">https://kidney.org.au/kidneyrisktest\u003C/a>.","[11] Kidney Health Australia (KHA). An introduction to kidney disease treatment options [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): KHA; 2020 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://assets.kidney.org.au/resources/KHA-Booklet-An-Introduction-to-Kidney-Disease-Treatment-Options.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://assets.kidney.org.au/resources/KHA-Booklet-An-Introduction-to-Kidney-Disease-Treatment-Options.pdf\u003C/a>.","[12] Kidney Health Australia (KHA). National strategic action plan for kidney disease [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): KHA, Department of Health; 2019 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2020/03/national-strategic-action-plan-for-kidney-disease_0.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2020/03/national-strategic-action-plan-for-kidney-disease_0.pdf\u003C/a>.","[13] Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry (ANZDATA). Quality indicators annual report 01 January 2023 - 31 December 2023 [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): ANZDATA, Australian and New Zealand Society of Nephrology (ANZSN); 2024 Mar 26 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.anzdata.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/20240326_QI_annual_realtime_2023_ANZDATA.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.anzdata.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/20240326_QI_annual_realtime_2023_ANZDATA.pdf\u003C/a>.","[14] O’Neill WC. Radiologic assessment of kidney disease. In: Curhan GC, Kruskal JB, Taylor EN, editors. UpToDate. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2024 Apr 23 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/radiologic-assessment-of-kidney-disease\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/radiologic-assessment-of-kidney-disease\u003C/a>.","[15] Urology Care Foundation. Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) [Internet]. Urology Care Foundation: Linthicum (MD); [updated 2024 Apr; cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/i/intravenous-pyelogram-(ivp)\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.urologyhealth.org/urology-a-z/i/intravenous-pyelogram-(ivp)\u003C/a>.","[16] MacGinley R, Champion De Crespigny PJ, Gutman T, et al. KHA-CARI guideline recommendations for renal biopsy. Nephrol [Internet]. 2019 Sep 6 [cited 2024 Jun 18];24(12):1205-1213. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nep.13662\"target=\"_blank\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nep.13662\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/nep.13662.","[17] The Heart Foundation, Australian Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance (ACDPA). Australian CVD risk calculator [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): The Heart Foundation, ACDPA; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cvdcheck.org.au/calculator\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cvdcheck.org.au/calculator\u003C/a>.","[18] Senior E, Craig L, Mitchel M. Public health: Part 3 behaviour change. BJN [Internet]. 2019 Jan 24 [cited 2024 Jun 18];28(2):105-7. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.britishjournalofnursing.com/content/clinical/public-health-part-3-behaviour-change/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.britishjournalofnursing.com/content/clinical/public-health-part-3-behaviour-change/\u003C/a>.","[19] Hagger MS, Cameron LD, Hamilton K, Hankonen N, Lintunen T, editors. The handbook of behavior change [Internet]. Cambridge (GB): Cambridge University Press; 2020 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://assets.cambridge.org/97811084/96391/frontmatter/9781108496391_frontmatter.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://assets.cambridge.org/97811084/96391/frontmatter/9781108496391_frontmatter.pdf\u003C/a>.","[20] Frost H, Campbell P, Maxwell M, et al. Effectiveness of motivational interviewing on adult behaviour change in health and social care settings: a systematic review of reviews. PloS one [Internet]. 2018 Oct 18 [cited 2024 Jun 18];13(10):e0204890. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193639/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193639/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204890.","[21] Boston University. Behavioural change models [Internet]. Boston (MA): Boston University; 2022 Nov 3 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/mph-modules/sb/behavioralchangetheories/BehavioralChangeTheories_print.html\"target=\"_blank\">https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/mph-modules/sb/behavioralchangetheories/BehavioralChangeTheories_print.html\u003C/a>.","[22] Heran BS, Wong MY, Heran IK, et al. Blood pressure lowering efficacy of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for primary hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2008 Oct 8 [cited 2024 Jun 18];4(4):CD003823. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7156914/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7156914/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003823.pub2.","[23] The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP). Smoking, nutrition, alcohol, physical activity (SNAP): A population health guide to behavioural risk factors in general practice, 2nd ed [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): RACGP; 2015 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.racgp.org.au/getattachment/bb78b780-1c37-498a-8ba3-b24a1a4288d9/Smoking-nutrition-alcohol-physical-activity-SNAP.aspx\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.racgp.org.au/getattachment/bb78b780-1c37-498a-8ba3-b24a1a4288d9/Smoking-nutrition-alcohol-physical-activity-SNAP.aspx\u003C/a>.","[24] Challa HJ, Ameer MA, Uppaluri KR. DASH diet to stop hypertension [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 May 15 [updated 2023 Jan 23; cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482514/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482514/\u003C/a>.","[25] Frisoli TM, Schmeider RE, Grodzicki T, et al. Beyond salt: lifestyle modifications and blood pressure. Eur Heart J [Internet]. 2011 Dec [cited 2024 Jun 18];32(24):3081-7. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21990264/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21990264/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr379.","[26] Sterns RH. Etiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of volume depletion in adults. In: Emmett M, Forman JP, editors. UpToDate. [Internet]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate Inc; 2024 Apr 09 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uptodate.com/contents/etiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-volume-depletion-in-adults\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uptodate.com/contents/etiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-volume-depletion-in-adults\u003C/a>.","[27] Manski-Nankervis J, McMorrow R, Nelson C, et al. Prescribing and deprescribing in chronic kidney disease. AJGP [Internet]. 2021 Apr [cited 2024 Jun 18];50(4). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/april/prescribing-and-deprescribing-in-chronic-kidney-di\"target=\"_blank\">https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/april/prescribing-and-deprescribing-in-chronic-kidney-di\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.31128/AJGP-11-20-5752","[28] Australian Medicines Handbook. Australian Medicines Handbook [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Australian Medicines Handbook Pty Ltd; 2024 [updated 2024 Jan; cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://amhonline-amh-net-au/\"target=\"_blank\">https://amhonline-amh-net-au/\u003C/a>.","[29] Venkatesan M, Saxena S, Kumar A. Evaluation of iron status in patients of chronic kidney disease - a study to assess the best indicators including serum transferrin receptor assay. Indian J Nephrol [Internet]. 2019 Aug [cited 2024 Jun 18];29(4):248-253. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6668315/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6668315/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.4103/ijn.IJN_159_18.","[30] Ikizler TA, Burrowes JD, Byham-Gray LD, et al. KDOQI clinical practice guidelines for nutrition in CKD: 2020 update. AJKD [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2024 Jun 18];76(3):S1-107. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(20)30726-5/fulltext\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(20)30726-5/fulltext\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.05.006.","[31] National Kidney Foundation. Guide to low potassium diet [Internet]. New York (NY): National Kidney Foundation; 2018 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kidney.org/sites/default/files/NKF_Guide_to_Low_Potassium_Diet_Final_0.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.kidney.org/sites/default/files/NKF_Guide_to_Low_Potassium_Diet_Final_0.pdf\u003C/a>.","[32] National Kidney Foundation. Phosphorus [Internet]. New York (NY): National Kidney Foundation; 2011 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.kidney.org/sites/default/files/02-10-0411_ABB_Phosphorus.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.kidney.org/sites/default/files/02-10-0411_ABB_Phosphorus.pdf\u003C/a>.","[33] Kidney Health Australia (KHA). Health professional hub [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): KHA; 2024 [cited 2024 Jun 18]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://khaprofessionalhub.powerappsportals.com/\"target=\"_blank\">https://khaprofessionalhub.powerappsportals.com/\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"3e2ec8e9-b2f2-49f9-a89d-145bf38d7e38","topicText":["Renal anatomy and the physiology of chronic kidney disease","What is chronic kidney disease?","Risk factors, screening and early detection","Staging chronic kidney disease and diagnostic criteria","Clinical management plans and treatment goals","Strategies for patient-led behaviour change and lifestyle changes"],"need":"\u003Cp>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a substantial health challenge in Australia - the number of patients needing treatment for kidney failure has doubled in the last 20 years, and 3 out of 4 Australian adults have at least 1 factor increasing their risk of CKD. 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I have been fortunate enough to be part of a growing service at an exciting time with the opening of a new Palliative Care Units, as well as working with the consult teams across 2 hospitals here on the central coast. \n\nEducation\nBachelor of Science: General Nursing (2010)\nGraduate Certificate: Cancer Nursing (2016) \nGraduate Certificate: Palliative Care (2019) \nGraduate Certificate: Leadership and Management (2021)\n"],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"36e8fb50-7cb6-464b-8eec-28bafa2b36ba","overview":"\u003Cp>Palliative care is an essential practice area that inevitably has a significant impact on patients, their families and healthcare professionals. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2022 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Palliative Care Australia. National Palliative Care Standards for All Health Professionals and Aged Care Services [Internet]. Griffith (ACT): Palliative Care Australia Ltd; 2022 Mar 16 [cited 2023 Sep 14] Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://palliativecare.org.au/publication/national-palliative-care-standards-for-all-health-professionals-and-aged-care-services/\"target=\"_blank\">https://palliativecare.org.au/publication/national-palliative-care-standards-for-all-health-professionals-and-aged-care-services/\u003C/a>.","[2] Department of Health. National Palliative Care Strategy 2018. [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Department of Health; 2018 [cited 2023 Sep 8]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-06/national_palliative_care_strategy_2018.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-06/national_palliative_care_strategy_2018.pdf\u003C/a>.","[3] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Palliative care services in Australia. [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): AIHW; [updated 2023 May 25; cited 2023 Sep 8]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-data/health-welfare-services/palliative-care-services/overview\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-data/health-welfare-services/palliative-care-services/overview\u003C/a>.","[4] Parekh de Campos A, Levoy K, Pandey S, et al. Integrating Palliative Care into Nursing Care. Am J Nurs [Internet]. 2022 Nov 1 [cited 2023 Sep 8];122(11):40-45. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9889110/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9889110/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000897124.77291.7d.","[5] Caresearch. Palliative care knowledge network [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Caresearch; 2020 [updated 2023 Jul 27; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://caresearch.com.au/tabid/6256/Default.aspx\"target=\"_blank\">https://caresearch.com.au/tabid/6256/Default.aspx\u003C/a>.","[6] Caresearch. Planning and coordinating care: Goals of care [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Caresearch; 2022 Aug 15 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.caresearch.com.au/Health-Professionals/Nurses/Planning-and-Coordinating-Care/Goals-of-Care\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.caresearch.com.au/Health-Professionals/Nurses/Planning-and-Coordinating-Care/Goals-of-Care\u003C/a>.","[7] Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA). Fact sheet: scope of practice and capabilities of nurses [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): AHPRA; 2022 [updated 2023 Nov; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/FAQ/Fact-sheet-scope-of-practice-and-capabilities-of-nurses.aspx\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/FAQ/Fact-sheet-scope-of-practice-and-capabilities-of-nurses.aspx\u003C/a>.","[8] University of Wollongong (UoW). About PCOC [Internet]. Wollongong (NSW): UoW; 2020 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uow.edu.au/australasian-health-outcomes-consortium/pcoc/about/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uow.edu.au/australasian-health-outcomes-consortium/pcoc/about/\u003C/a>.","[9] Clinical Excellence Commission (CEC). LDOL Toolkit: Guidance for recognising dying, management planning and care after death - Adult patients [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): CEC; 2017 APR [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/359268/LDOL-Toolkit-Guidance-for-Recognising-Dying,-Management-Planning-and-Care-after-Death-Adult-Patients.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/359268/LDOL-Toolkit-Guidance-for-Recognising-Dying,-Management-Planning-and-Care-after-Death-Adult-Patients.pdf\u003C/a>.","[10] Palliative Care Curriculum for Undergraduates (PCC4U). Activity 3: Principles of assessment [internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Queensland University of Technology (QUT); 2020 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pcc4u.org.au/learning/modules/module3/m3_section2/m3_activity3/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pcc4u.org.au/learning/modules/module3/m3_section2/m3_activity3/\u003C/a>.","[11] Caresearch. Allied Health and Palliative Care [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Caresearch; 2021 Sep 3 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.caresearch.com.au/Health-Professionals/Allied-Health/Allied-Health-and-Palliative-Care\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.caresearch.com.au/Health-Professionals/Allied-Health/Allied-Health-and-Palliative-Care\u003C/a>.","[12] Caresearch. Practice Settings [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Caresearch; 2021 Sep 3 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.caresearch.com.au/Health-Professionals/Allied-Health/Allied-Health-and-Palliative-Care/Practice-Settings\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.caresearch.com.au/Health-Professionals/Allied-Health/Allied-Health-and-Palliative-Care/Practice-Settings\u003C/a>.","[13] NSW Government. What is advance care planning? [Internet]. St Leonards (NSW): NSW Ministry of Health; [updated 2023 Dec 19; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/patients/acp/Pages/advance-care-planning.aspx\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/patients/acp/Pages/advance-care-planning.aspx\u003C/a>.","[14] NSW Government. Making an Advance Care Directive [Internet]. St Leonards (NSW): NSW Ministry of Health; 2022 May [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/patients/acp/Publications/acd-form-info-book.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/patients/acp/Publications/acd-form-info-book.pdf\u003C/a>.","[15] PalliAGED. Goals of care - Synthesis [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): PalliAGED, Department of Health and Aged Care; [updated 2021 Jun 28; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.palliaged.com.au/Evidence-Centre/Evidence-Summaries/Goals-of-Care/Goals-of-Care-Synthesis\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.palliaged.com.au/Evidence-Centre/Evidence-Summaries/Goals-of-Care/Goals-of-Care-Synthesis\u003C/a>.","[16] Starr L. Advance care directives [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2018 Jan 27 [updated 2022 Apr 28; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/advance-care-directives\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/advance-care-directives\u003C/a>.","[17] Advanced Care Planning Australia. Being a substitute decision-maker [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Advanced Care Planning Australia, Department of Health and Aged Care; 2018 [updated 2024 May, cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.advancecareplanning.org.au/understand-advance-care-planning/being-a-substitute-decision-maker\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.advancecareplanning.org.au/understand-advance-care-planning/being-a-substitute-decision-maker\u003C/a>.","[18] NSW Trustee and Guardian. What is a power of attorney? [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): NSW Trustee and Guardian; 2020 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tag.nsw.gov.au/wills/make-power-attorney/what-power-attorney\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.tag.nsw.gov.au/wills/make-power-attorney/what-power-attorney\u003C/a>.","[19] Advanced Care Planning Australia. ethics in advanced care planning [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Advanced Care Planning Australia, Department of Health and Aged Care; 2020 [updated 2024 May; cited 2024 May 24] Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.advancecareplanning.org.au/law-and-ethics/ethics-in-advance-care-planning\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.advancecareplanning.org.au/law-and-ethics/ethics-in-advance-care-planning\u003C/a>.","[20] The Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS National). Welcome to TIS National [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): TIS National, Department of Home Affairs; 2024 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.tisnational.gov.au/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.tisnational.gov.au/\u003C/a>.","[21] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care Fact Sheet - Comprehensive Care Standard: Comprehensive Care Plan [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2019 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-07/acsqhc_cc_ee4_fact_sheet_d9accupdated_july_23.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-07/acsqhc_cc_ee4_fact_sheet_d9accupdated_july_23.pdf\u003C/a>.","[22] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC). Comprehensive care standard [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): ACSQHC; 2019 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/comprehensive-care-standard\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs-standards/comprehensive-care-standard\u003C/a>.","[23] Clinical Excellence Commission (CEC). Accelerated transfer to die at home [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): CEC; [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/359259/NH700141_Accelerated-transfer-to-die-at-home_Plan.PDF\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/359259/NH700141_Accelerated-transfer-to-die-at-home_Plan.PDF\u003C/a>.","[24] University of Wollongong (UoW). Clinical protocol [Internet]. Wollongong (NSW): UoW; 2020 [updated 2021 Jun; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.uow.edu.au/australasian-health-outcomes-consortium/pcoc/palliative-care/clinical-protocol/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.uow.edu.au/australasian-health-outcomes-consortium/pcoc/palliative-care/clinical-protocol/\u003C/a>.","[25] Clinical Excellence Commission (CEC). AMBER care bundle [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): CEC; 2017 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/improve-quality/quality-improvement-toolkits/amber-care\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/improve-quality/quality-improvement-toolkits/amber-care\u003C/a>.","[26] Clinical Excellence Commission (CEC). Initiating management plan - Adult [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): CEC, NSW Ministry of Health; 2019 [cited 2024 May 24]. 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Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Palliative Care Resources [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Palliative Care Australia; [date unknown] [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-peoples-palliative-care-resources/\"target=\"_blank\">https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-peoples-palliative-care-resources/\u003C/a>.","[48] Fairlie P. Aboriginal Beliefs About Death and Afterlife [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Evolve Communities; [date unknown] [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.evolves.com.au/aboriginal-beliefs-about-death-and-afterlife/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.evolves.com.au/aboriginal-beliefs-about-death-and-afterlife/\u003C/a>.","[49] Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet. Palliative Care and End-of-Life Care [Internet]. Mt Lawley (WA): Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet; [date unknown] [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/learn/health-system/palliative-care/\"target=\"_blank\">https://healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/learn/health-system/palliative-care/\u003C/a>.","[50] National Breast Cancer Foundation. Communication Skills Training Initiative - Breaking Bad News [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): National Breast Cancer Foundation: [date unknown] [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/publications/breaking-bad-news-summary-recommendations/pdf/recommended-steps-for-bbn_1.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/sites/default/files/publications/breaking-bad-news-summary-recommendations/pdf/recommended-steps-for-bbn_1.pdf\u003C/a>.","[51] Clinical Excellence Commission. PREPARED MODEL - A GUIDE FOR CLINICIANS FOR CONVERSATIONS ABOUT THE LAST DAYS OF LIFE [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): NSW Ministry of Health; 2016 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/359277/PREPARED-model-for-difficult-conversations.PDF\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/359277/PREPARED-model-for-difficult-conversations.PDF\u003C/a>.","[52] Palliative Care Australia. Policy Statement - Grief and Bereavement [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Palliative Care Australia, Australian Centre for Grief and Bereavement; 2018 Aug [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://palliativecare.org.au/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2018/08/Grief-and-Bereavement-Policy-Statement-FINAL.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://palliativecare.org.au/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2018/08/Grief-and-Bereavement-Policy-Statement-FINAL.pdf\u003C/a>.","[53] Agency for Clinical Innovation. Palliative care video library [Internet]. St Leonards (NSW): Agency for Clinical Innovation; [reviewed 2022 Jul; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/networks/palliative-care/resources/video-library#video-854215658\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/networks/palliative-care/resources/video-library#video-854215658\u003C/a>.","[54] Department of Health and Aged Care. Palliative care for carers [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Department of Health and Aged Care, Australian Government; [updated 2021 Feb 24; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.gov.au/topics/palliative-care/palliative-care-throughout-life/palliative-care-for-carers\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.gov.au/topics/palliative-care/palliative-care-throughout-life/palliative-care-for-carers\u003C/a>.","[55] Marie Curie. Providing emotional care [Internet]. London (GB): Marie Curie; 2022 Mar 16 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mariecurie.org.uk/professionals/palliative-care-knowledge-zone/individual-needs/emotional-care#family\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.mariecurie.org.uk/professionals/palliative-care-knowledge-zone/individual-needs/emotional-care#family\u003C/a>.","[56] Services Australia. What help there is when an adult dies [Internet]. Forrest (ACT): Services Australia, Australian Government; [updated 2022 Sep 27; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/what-help-there-when-adult-dies?context=60101\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/what-help-there-when-adult-dies?context=60101\u003C/a>.","[57] Grief Australia. Resources [Internet]. Mulgrave (VIC): Grief Australia; 2022 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.grief.org.au/ga/ga/Support/Resources.aspx\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.grief.org.au/ga/ga/Support/Resources.aspx\u003C/a>.","[58] Carer Gateway - Services and support [Internet]. Greenway (ACT): Carer Gateway, Australian Government Department of Social Services; n.d.[cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.carergateway.gov.au/services-and-support\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.carergateway.gov.au/services-and-support\u003C/a>.","[59] Griefline - Find hope and connection [Internet]. St Kilda (VIC): Griefline; 2024 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://griefline.org.au/\"target=\"_blank\">https://griefline.org.au/\u003C/a>.","[60] Palliative Care Australia. Understanding grief [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Palliative Care Australia Limited; 2024 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/understanding-grief/\"target=\"_blank\">https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/understanding-grief/\u003C/a>.","[61] Beyond Blue - Your mental health is important [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Beyond Blue; 2024 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.beyondblue.org.au/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.beyondblue.org.au/\u003C/a>.","[62] CarerHelp - The support you need to be a carer [Internet]. CarerHelp, Department of Health and Aged Care; 2022 [updated 2022 Oct 17; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.carerhelp.com.au/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.carerhelp.com.au/\u003C/a>.","[63] Understanding self-care [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Palliative Care Australia Limited; 2020 May 21 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/resources-self-care-matters-understanding-self-care/\"target=\"_blank\">https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/resources-self-care-matters-understanding-self-care/\u003C/a>.","[64] palliAGED. Self-Care Supporting Staff Working in Palliative Care [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): palliAGED, Department of Health and Aged Care; 2024 [updated 2024 Apr 5; cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.palliaged.com.au/Practice-Centre/Improving-Practice/Self-Care-and-Staff-Support\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.palliaged.com.au/Practice-Centre/Improving-Practice/Self-Care-and-Staff-Support\u003C/a>.","[65] Ausmed. Self-care tools for healthcare professionals and staff [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 [cited 2024 May 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/selfcare\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/selfcare\u003C/a>.","[66] Self-care matters [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Palliative Care Australia Limited; 2020 Apr 06 [cited 2024 May 27]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/resources-self-care-matters/\"target=\"_blank\">https://palliativecare.org.au/resource/resources-self-care-matters/\u003C/a>.","[67] Nurse & Midwife Support. Your Health Matters [Internet]. Richmond (VIC): Nurse & Midwife Support; 2022 [cited 2024 May 24]. 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Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. 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Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/analgesics\"target=\"_blank\">https://amhonline.amh.net.au/chapters/analgesics\u003C/a>.","[2] eTG complete [Internet]. West Melbourne (VIC): Therapeutic Guidelines Ltd; 2020 Dec. Pain and Analgesia [updated 2023 May; cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/guideLine?guidelinePage=Pain+and+Analgesia&frompage=etgcomplete\"target=\"_blank\">https://tgldcdp.tg.org.au/guideLine?guidelinePage=Pain+and+Analgesia&frompage=etgcomplete\u003C/a>.","[3] Derry CJ, Derry S, Moore, RA. Single-dose oral ibuprofen plus paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute postoperative pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. [Internet]. 2013 Jun [cited 2024 Mar 27];24(6):CD010210. Available from \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23794268\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23794268\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010210.pub2","[4] Department of Health and Aged Care. Therapeutic Goods (Poisons Standard—June 2024) Instrument 2024. F2024L00095. [Internet]. Woden (ACT): Department of Health and Aged Care; 2024 Jan 23 [updated 2024 Jun; cited 2024 Jun 03]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.legislation.gov.au/F2024L00589/latest/text\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.legislation.gov.au/F2024L00589/latest/text\u003C/a>.","[5] Thia I, Saluja, M. An update on management of renal colic. Aust J Gen Pract [Internet]. 2021 Jul [cited 2024 May 28];50(7):445-449. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/july/an-update-on-management-of-renal-colic\"target=\"_blank\">https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/july/an-update-on-management-of-renal-colic\u003C/a>. DOI:10.31128/AJGP-11-20-5751","[6] Baker M, Perazella MA. NSAIDs in CKD: Are They Safe?. Am J Kidney Dis. [Internet]. 2020 May 29 [cited 2024 May 22];76(4):546-557. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(20)30724-1/fulltext\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(20)30724-1/fulltext\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.03.023","[7] Thomas MC. Diuretics, ACE inhibitors and NSAIDs – the triple whammy. Med J Aust. [Internet]. 2000 Feb [cited 2024 Mar 27];172(4):184-5. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10772593\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10772593\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2000.tb125548.x","[8] NPS MedicineWise. Paracetamol/ibuprofen combinations for acute pain [Internet]. Surrey Hills (NSW): NPS MedicineWise; 2017 Oct 9 [cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nps.org.au/news/paracetamol-ibuprofen-combinations-for-acute-pain\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nps.org.au/news/paracetamol-ibuprofen-combinations-for-acute-pain\u003C/a>.","[9] Shenoy SS, Lui F. Biochemistry, Endogenous Opioids [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; [updated 2023 Jun 12; cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532899/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532899/\u003C/a>.","[10] Pathan H, Williams J. Basic opioid pharmacology: an update. Br J Pain. [Internet]. 2012 Feb [cited 2024 May 22];6(1):11-6. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590096/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590096/\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1177/2049463712438493.","[11] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Opioid harm in Australia: and comparisons between Australia and Canada. Canberra (ACT): AIHW; 2018 Nov 09 [updated 2023 Aug 17; cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/opioid-harm-in-australia/data\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/illicit-use-of-drugs/opioid-harm-in-australia/data\u003C/a>.","[12] NPS MedicineWise. Opioids, chronic pain and the bigger picture [Internet]. Surrey Hills (NSW): NPS MedicineWise; 2020 Aug [updated 2022 Feb 16; cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nps.org.au/professionals/opioids-chronic-pain\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nps.org.au/professionals/opioids-chronic-pain\u003C/a>.","[13] Baldo BA, Rose MA. The anaesthetist, opioid analgesic drugs, and serotonin toxicity: a mechanistic and clinical review. Br J Anaesth [Internet]. 2020 Jan [cited 2024 May 22]124(1);44-62. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.bjanaesthesia.org/article/S0007-0912(19)30632-4/fulltext\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.bjanaesthesia.org/article/S0007-0912(19)30632-4/fulltext\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1016/j.bja.2019.08.010","[14] Safer Care Victoria. Opioid conversion ratios: Guidance document [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Safer Care Victoria, Australian Government; 2021 Feb [cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safercare.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-02/GUIDANCE_Opioid%20Conversion%20FINAL_0.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safercare.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2021-02/GUIDANCE_Opioid%20Conversion%20FINAL_0.pdf\u003C/a>.","[15] NPS MedicineWise. Neuropathic pain [Internet]. Surrey Hills (NSW): NPS MedicineWise; 2018 [reviewed 2022 Feb 16; cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nps.org.au/professionals/neuropathic-pain\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nps.org.au/professionals/neuropathic-pain\u003C/a>.","[16] Halliwell R. Acute Pain Management: Scientific Evidence [Internet]. 5th ed. Melbourne (VIC): Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists and Faculty of Pain Medicine; 2020. Chapter 6, Patient-Controlled Analgesia. [cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.anzca.edu.au/resources/college-publications/acute-pain-management/apmse5.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.anzca.edu.au/resources/college-publications/acute-pain-management/apmse5.pdf\u003C/a>.","[17] The Faculty of Pain Medicine of the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Best Practice in the Management of Epidural Analgesia in the Hospital Setting [Internet]. London (GB): The Faculty of Pain Medicine of the Royal College of Anaesthetists; 2020 Aug [cited 2024 May 22]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://fpm.ac.uk/sites/fpm/files/documents/2020-09/Epidural-AUG-2020-FINAL.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://fpm.ac.uk/sites/fpm/files/documents/2020-09/Epidural-AUG-2020-FINAL.pdf\u003C/a>.","[18] Moses G. What’s in complementary medicines?. Aust Prescr [Internet]. 2019 Jun 3 [cited 2024 March 27];42:82–3. 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Guided by current evidence and best-practice recommendations, learners will enhance their skills to improve the wound outcomes of those living with pressure injuries.\u003C/p>","status":"Published","outcomes":["Analyse the stages of pressure injuries, demonstrating understanding of tissue damage pathophysiology.","Accurately and promptly identify the applicable stage of a pressure injury when assessing patients.","Implement best-practice strategies for preventing pressure injuries when caring for patients at risk.","Confidently select appropriate equipment and dressings to successfully manage a pressure injury and avoid placing a patient at further risk.","Appropriately assess and document the stages of a pressure injury to allow for best-practice management and monitoring to occur."],"reviewDate":"2025-12-31T13:00:00.000Z","publishDate":"2024-05-08T14:00:00.000Z","recordDate":"2024-01-22T13:00:00.000Z","version":1,"coverImageURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE198v1.0.jpg","deliveryMethods":"\u003Cp>This Course is presented in an engaging online manner. 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They are:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Participate in the Review-Your-Learning questions\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","contactHours":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 31/05/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>","disclosure":"No conflict of interest exists for anyone in the position to control content for this activity. Wherever possible, generic or non-proprietary names of medications or products have been used.","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Templeton S. Wound Assessment [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 Apr 10 [cited 2024 Apr 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-assessment\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-assessment\u003C/a>.","[2] Templeton S. Wound Cleansing and Debridement [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 Apr 17 [cited 2024 Apr 29]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-cleansing-and-debridement\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-cleansing-and-debridement\u003C/a>.","[3] Templeton S. Wound Dressing [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 May 6 [cited 2024 May 6]. Available from: Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-dressings\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/courses/wound-dressings\u003C/a>.","[4] Nghiem S, Campbell J, Walker RM, et al. Pressure injuries in Australian public hospitals: A cost of illness study. Int J Nurs Stud [Internet]. 2022 Jun [cited 2024 Apr 24];130(104191). Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020748922000207\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0020748922000207\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104191.","[5] Fulbrook P, Lawrence P, Miles S. Australian nurses' knowledge of pressure injury prevention and management. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs [Internet]. 2019 Mar [cited 2024 Apr 24];46(2):106-112. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6519779/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6519779/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/WON.0000000000000508.","[6] European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (EPUAP), National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP), Pan Pacific Pressure Injury Alliance (PPPIA). Prevention and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers/Injuries: Clinical Practice Guideline (The International Guideline) [Internet]. EPUAP, NPIAP, PPPIA; 2019 [cited 2024 Apr 4]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6479484083027f25a6246fcb/t/6553d3440e18d57a550c4e7e/1699992399539/CPG2019edition-digital-Nov2023version.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6479484083027f25a6246fcb/t/6553d3440e18d57a550c4e7e/1699992399539/CPG2019edition-digital-Nov2023version.pdf\u003C/a>.","[7] Thomas S. The Medetec Wound Database [Web database]. Medetec: London (GB): Medetec; 2014 Feb 6 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.medetec.co.uk/files/medetec-image-databases.html?\u003C/a>.","[8] Bui UT, Tehan PE, Barakat-Johnson M, et al. Assessment, management and prevention of chronic wounds in the Australian context: a scoping review. Wound Practice & Research [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2024 Apr 24];31(3):120-145. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/application/files/1916/9457/2399/bui.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/application/files/1916/9457/2399/bui.pdf\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.33235/wpr.31.3.120-145.","[9] The Science of Shear and Research-Based Implications [Internet]; 2019 Mar 22; Pittsburgh (PA). Blaine (MN): Tamarack Habilitation Technologies Inc; 2019 Apr 1 [cited 2024 May 3]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://tamarackhti.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/04/ISS-2019-The-Science-of-Shear-Research-Based-Implications-FINAL-3-22-19.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://tamarackhti.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/04/ISS-2019-The-Science-of-Shear-Research-Based-Implications-FINAL-3-22-19.pdf\u003C/a>.","[10] Boisvert E. SA Police investigating death of woman in 'disgusting and degrading circumstances'. ABC News [Internet]. 2020 May 15 [cited 2024 May 3]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-15/police-investigate-death-of-chairbound-woman-in-adelaide/12253326\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-15/police-investigate-death-of-chairbound-woman-in-adelaide/12253326\u003C/a>.","[11] Haesler E, Carville K. Australian Standards for Wound Prevention and Management (Fourth edition) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Australian Health Research Alliance, Wounds Australia, WA Health Translation Network; 2023 [cited 2023 Sep 10]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsaustralia.org/int/woundsaus/uploads/Shop/Merchandise/2023%20Australian%20Standards%20for%20Wound%20Prevention%20and%20Management%204th%20(1).pdf\u003C/a>.","[12] Clinical Excellence Committee (CEC). Pressure injury classification system [Internet]. St Leonards (NSW): CEC; 2018 [cited 2024 Apr 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/259259/Pressure-Injury-Classification-System.PDF\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cec.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/259259/Pressure-Injury-Classification-System.PDF\u003C/a>.","[13] World Union of Wound Healing Societies (WUWHS). Consensus document: Role of dressings in pressure ulcer prevention [Internet]. London (GB): Wounds International; 2016 [cited 2024 Apr 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/25f9d40d4048f4699d4a36570ecc2718.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://woundsinternational.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2023/02/25f9d40d4048f4699d4a36570ecc2718.pdf\u003C/a>.","[14] Skin inspection chart [Internet]. Boston (MA): DocHub; 2024 [cited 2024 May 3]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"http://www.dochub.com/fillable-form/81424-skin-inspection-chart\"target=\"_blank\">http://www.dochub.com/fillable-form/81424-skin-inspection-chart\u003C/a>.","[15] Carville K. Wound Care Manual. 8th ed. Silver Chain Nursing Association Incorporated; 2023.","[16] Nutrition Education Materials Online (NEMO). Getting the right amount of protein [Internet]. Brisbane (QLD): Queensland Health; 2021 Mar [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0029/932096/oncol-protein.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0029/932096/oncol-protein.pdf\u003C/a>.","[17] Sibbald RG, Elliott JA, Persaud-Jaimangal R, et al. Wound bed preparation 2021. Adv Skin Wound Care [Internet]. 2021 Apr [cited 2024 Apr 24];34(4):183-195. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33739948/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33739948/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000733724.87630.d6.","[18] National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP). The facts about reverse staging in 2000: The NPUAP position statement. Chicago (IL): NPIAP; 2000 [cited 2024 Apr 24]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://cdn.ymaws.com/npuap.site-ym.com/resource/resmgr/position_statements/reverse-staging-position-sta.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://cdn.ymaws.com/npuap.site-ym.com/resource/resmgr/position_statements/reverse-staging-position-sta.pdf\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["f805bee9-7973-4cc1-9536-ef4b77345948","6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c","b11123e3-09ad-4f1d-9619-98b8ef1c2458","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","b7f388d7-2aea-41db-b68e-74456b15c300","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","9f13b24a-52ec-4f71-8b15-eeab995aa8ac","72ff7b39-80d1-46de-99c1-b5e5aa114d60","f40dd466-ecbb-4562-a729-72171b31951a"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"07f428cb-8a84-4991-be4e-00ccd456c45f","topicText":["Pressure injury development and prevalence","Identifying those at risk of pressure injury","Assessing and staging pressure injuries","Pressure injury prevention and management strategies","Principles for dressing pressure injuries","Accurately documenting pressure injuries"],"need":"\u003Cp>Despite being recognised as largely preventable, pressure injuries are an unfortunately persistent and prevalent challenge within the healthcare sector. They can be debilitating and even life-threatening if not managed appropriately. Pressure injuries can lead to extended hospitalisation, reduced quality of life and increased psychological distress for the person.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Additionally, despite the presence of both national and international clinical practice guidelines on the prevention and management of pressure injuries, reported incidence and prevalence rates in Australia and overseas remain high. In 2020, the estimated cost of pressure injuries in Australia reached $9.11 billion, of which treatment costs accounted for $3.59 billion.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>The seriousness of these wounds is underpinned by the fact that pressure injury prevalence is a key indicator of the quality of care provided in various healthcare organisations, as reflected in Standard 5 of the National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards, ‘Comprehensive Care’.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Education on the practical management and prevention of pressure injuries is therefore essential in assisting healthcare professionals to improve clinical outcomes, while also combatting high costs and incidence rates.\u003C/p>","purpose":"\u003Cp>To equip healthcare professionals with up-to-date knowledge and enhanced skills to assist in the prevention and management of pressure injuries experienced by persons, in accordance with Standard 5 of the National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards, ‘Comprehensive Care’.\u003C/p>","targetAudience":"\u003Cp>Nurses and other healthcare professionals working in various settings wherein they are caring for persons who are either at risk of or have developed a pressure injury.\u003C/p>","disclaimer":"\u003Cp>The Content that Ausmed Education Pty Ltd and its related entities (Ausmed) provide is for your general information and educational purposes only, to assist in enabling you to satisfy your continuing professional development requirements. Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","peerReviewers":["75db602c-c0f1-4031-ab8f-7b1768387d4a"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. Using a conceptual framework and adult learning principles, Ausmed\n ensures quality learning, reflecting our dedication to excellence and growing your competence through an\n enriched learning experience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre adheres to a stringent policy wherein we do not receive any \n commercial or in-kind support for the development of our ANCC accredited NCPD activities.\u003C/p>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Criteria for Awarding Contact Hours\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion and be awarded contact hours, you will need to meet the \n requirements for the successful completion of this learning activity. They are\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\n \u003C/ul>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Expiration Date\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 31/05/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>"}]}}}}},{"resourceID":"27e53601-2895-44ab-b96a-37178613f5d8","title":"Perinatal Mental Health","activityType":"OnlineCourse","code":"COURSE171v1.0","min":78,"categories":["eba3ce28-7fb9-4bed-bb57-67c03238dbc2","7ce2666f-1c9b-4882-90be-2cf097b776f0","295f012a-1e87-4d05-b1e1-90f5a2958ef7"],"topics":["5f86f5de-c5d0-48a4-aedf-ef28698c9036","a3a3149d-c332-4f70-bb7d-a1e9a1cea329","52691b34-5be2-45c4-b6da-7b4ac66381ee","266dc235-aa68-4600-839d-a7eb8352471c","05b5304d-946e-48c8-b471-496fad09795b","c4c3836d-b231-4593-ab0f-6eece20f9bea","55c501a2-2aad-4841-af15-9b94674eeb59","3b3aefad-ee52-4282-98ae-d01356da76ad","5c4ad7c2-db49-4792-9c38-af36218f8438","22e21a87-fc86-420b-a354-01d2b227f979","f2e0da36-8418-4060-8c79-29897750f778","c592857d-daae-4c3a-b28f-f624098b21ca","d5a27797-ac58-4820-94e7-9e615c4f6dfe","9fd170f7-b6d6-4fee-848a-0540563670da"],"keywords":["Maternity","Mental Health","Midwifery","Pregnancy","Women's Health","Clinical Assessment","Depression","Family Health","Family Violence","General Practice","Medications","Primary Health","Psychology","Trauma-Informed Care"],"professions":["Paramedic","Paramedicine Student","Osteopathy Student","Osteopath","Pharmacist","Pharmacy Student","Community Care Worker","Health Care Worker","Personal Care Assistant (PCA)","Assistant in Nursing (AIN)","Direct Care Worker","Allied Health Assistant","Ward Assistant","Other Profession","Psychologist","Psychology Student","Nurse Practitioner","Other","Registered Nurse","Registered Midwife","Enrolled Nurse","Non-Practising","Student Nurse or Midwife","Physiotherapy Student","Physiotherapist","Other Profession","Occupational Therapist","Occupational Therapy Student","Chinese Medicine Practitioner","Chinese Medicine Student","Chiropractor","Chiropractic Student"],"educatorNames":["Nicole Highet"],"aliasObject":{"resourceID":"27e53601-2895-44ab-b96a-37178613f5d8","resourceType":"OnlineCourse","alias":"perinatal-mental-health-care","metaTitle":"Perinatal Mental Health | Ausmed Course | 1.3 CPD Hours","metaDescription":"This Ausmed Course provides healthcare professionals with a detailed overview of providing best-practice mental health support during the perinatal period as per the Mental Health Care in the Perinatal Period: Australian Clinical Practice Guideline by the Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE)."},"createDate":"2024-03-27T20:48:42.000Z","updateDate":"2024-03-28T07:11:51.000Z","availableDate":"2024-03-27T13:00:00.000Z","expiryDate":"2026-03-27T13:00:00.000Z","ausmedGoals":["624ddaa5-ad75-41cd-b7c9-f665bdb8b258","41edd650-d7c3-43dc-a8f1-c10ad72736ac","07b74e36-ef06-4400-a55b-c41f3425af38","47a099a0-c669-415d-a47c-8c45b3b29d68","a5ee6276-09e9-4de9-9832-6aebd75472fb","6b7c8f67-8f3b-4a97-9bfb-c7ca8d6a0a50","643ed450-48ca-4596-b1a7-5f4e4ec15f8f"],"bundles":["33cce188-ee06-4ac8-a185-82c4efd472ba"],"courseDetail":{"courseEducators":[{"relationID":"ab3a73a2-0264-4c83-8eb1-44bd6ebf887d","resourceID":"27e53601-2895-44ab-b96a-37178613f5d8","educatorID":"c1dcf5e0-426d-4a2b-b0db-fadcad844515","educatorModel":{"educatorID":"c1dcf5e0-426d-4a2b-b0db-fadcad844515","email":"nicole.highet@cope.org.au","title":"Dr.","firstName":"Nicole","lastName":"Highet","createDate":"2017-11-15T15:43:28.000Z","updateDate":"2024-07-25T23:04:20.000Z","alias":"nicole-highet","contactDetail":{"position":"Psychologist, Founder of COPE","department":"","organisation":"COPE","qualifications":"Psychologist - Perinatal Mental Health ","photoURL":"https://d143yjlan9t40t.cloudfront.net/ausmed-educator/highet_nicole.jpg?stamp=1711609656962","country":"AUS","allowPost":true,"allowEmail":true,"allowTextMsg":true},"eventDetail":{"topics":["a3a3149d-c332-4f70-bb7d-a1e9a1cea329"],"biographyNames":["Default",""],"biographies":["Dr Nicole Highet is the founder and executive director of COPE: Centre of Perinatal Excellence. Nicole has a background in clinical psychology, marketing, campaign development, and advocacy. Following over thirteen years at Beyondblue, Nicole founded COPE in 2013 to provide a dedicated focus on effective and sustainable approaches to best practice in perinatal mental health. \n\nCOPE’s work involves maintaining national momentum, ensuring support for best practice through new National Guidelines and investment into innovative, measurable, and sustainable approaches to best practice implementation including but not limited to electronic approaches to psycho-education, e-screening platforms, online training, e-referral and e-health promotion initiatives.",""],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"27e53601-2895-44ab-b96a-37178613f5d8","overview":"\u003Cp>The perinatal period is a deeply impactful time for parents as they navigate the various stages prior to conception, during pregnancy, at birth and postpartum. This is commonly a very challenging time, but a clear understanding of the mental health impacts that this period can have on the pregnant parent, their partner and the broader family unit is unfortunately not as common.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>In 2023, the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/providers/cope\"target=\"_blank\">Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE)\u003C/a> released the latest update to the \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/review-of-new-perinatal-mental-health-guidelines/\"target=\"_blank\">\u003Ci>Mental Health Care in the Perinatal Period: Australian Clinical Practice Guideline\u003C/i>\u003C/a>. This Ausmed Course provides healthcare professionals with a detailed overview of the best-practice recommendations of the revised guideline, with the intent to help increase awareness and understanding amongst those providing frontline care.\u003C/p>","status":"Published","outcomes":["Demonstrate an understanding of the significance and impact of perinatal mental health disorders on patients and the importance of early intervention in increasing positive patient outcomes.","Explain the importance of taking a family-centred care approach when supporting families affected by perinatal mental health disorders.","Identify and differentiate between the various types of common perinatal mental health disorders, including their symptoms, prevalence and risk factors.","Apply best-practice screening and assessment methods to accurately identify perinatal mental health disorders and implement appropriate, well-tailored interventions accordingly.","Describe the unique challenges faced by individuals affected by perinatal mental health disorders and strategies for supporting them."],"reviewDate":"2025-11-30T13:00:00.000Z","publishDate":"2024-03-27T13:00:00.000Z","recordDate":"2023-11-23T13:00:00.000Z","version":1,"coverImageURL":"https://ausmed-images.s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/ausmed.com/ausmed-course/COURSE171v1.0.jpg","deliveryMethods":"\u003Cp>This Course is presented in an engaging online manner. It includes:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Pre-test questions to measure your learning\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Highly creative illustrated videos\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Opportunities to test your learning as you complete the Course\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Resource material including references\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Certificate of Completion provided after reflection and documentation of Course\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","completeRequirements":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion, you will need to meet the requirements for successful completion of this learning activity. They are:\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Participate in the Review-Your-Learning questions\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\u003C/ul>","contactHours":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 31/03/2026 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>","disclosure":"No conflict of interest exists for anyone in the position to control content for this activity. Wherever possible, generic or non-proprietary names of medications or products have been used.","usage":"\u003Cp>You have the right to save and listen to the Content for your personal use only. You are not permitted to make copies for, or give copies to, other people. You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Highet NJ, Expert Working Group and Expert Subcommittees. Mental Health Care in the Perinatal Period: Australian Clinical Practice Guideline [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE); 2023 Jun 2 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/COPE_2023_Perinatal_Mental_Health_Practice_Guideline.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/COPE_2023_Perinatal_Mental_Health_Practice_Guideline.pdf\u003C/a>.","[2] PricewaterhouseCoopers Consulting Australia. The cost of perinatal depression and anxiety in Australia. [Internet]. Adelaide (SA): Gidget Foundation Australia; 2019 May 15 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.pc.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/250811/sub752-mental-health-attachment.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.pc.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/250811/sub752-mental-health-attachment.pdf\u003C/a>.","[3] World Health Organization (WHO). Launch of the WHO guide for integration of perinatal mental health in maternal and child health services [Internet]. Geneva (CH): WHO; 2022 Sep 19 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.who.int/news/item/19-09-2022-launch-of-the-who-guide-for-integration-of-perinatal-mental-health\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.who.int/news/item/19-09-2022-launch-of-the-who-guide-for-integration-of-perinatal-mental-health\u003C/a>.","[4] SANE. Perinatal mental health issues [Internet]. Carlton (VIC): SANE; [updated 2023 Oct 25; cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sane.org/information-and-resources/facts-and-guides/perinatal-mental-illness\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sane.org/information-and-resources/facts-and-guides/perinatal-mental-illness\u003C/a>.","[5] Blackmore R, Boyle JA, Gray KM, et al. Introducing and integrating perinatal mental health screening: Development of an equity‐informed evidence‐based approach. Health Expect [Internet]. 2022 May 5 [cited 2024 Mar 25];25(5):2287-98. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/hex.13526\"target=\"_blank\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/hex.13526\u003C/a>. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13526.","[6] How common are mental health issues in the perinatal period? [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Perinatal Anxiety & Depression Australia (PANDA); 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://panda.org.au/articles/how-common-are-mental-health-issues-in-the-perinatal-period/\"target=\"_blank\">https://panda.org.au/articles/how-common-are-mental-health-issues-in-the-perinatal-period/\u003C/a>.","[7] Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care (DoHAC). $133.5 million for child, youth and perinatal mental health. Canberra (ACT): DoHAC; 2020 Nov 17 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-greg-hunt-mp/media/1335-million-for-child-youth-and-perinatal-mental-health\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-greg-hunt-mp/media/1335-million-for-child-youth-and-perinatal-mental-health\u003C/a>.","[8] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Challenges on the journey to parenthood: What consumers had to say [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2022 Mar [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/COPE_Summarised-Campaign-Research-Synopsis_Final.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/COPE_Summarised-Campaign-Research-Synopsis_Final.pdf\u003C/a>.","[9] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). About the national perinatal mental health check [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2022 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/perinatal-mental-health-check/about/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/perinatal-mental-health-check/about/\u003C/a>.","[10] American Psychiatric Association (APA). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Text Revision). 5th ed. San Francisco (CA): APA; 2022. DOI:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787","[11] World Health Organization. Depression [Internet]. Geneva (CH): WHO; [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.who.int/health-topics/depression#tab=tab_1\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.who.int/health-topics/depression#tab=tab_1\u003C/a>.","[12] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Perinatal depression [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/perinatal-depression/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/perinatal-depression/\u003C/a>.","[13] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Feelings of shame and stigma [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/new-parents/first-weeks/feelings-of-shame-and-stigma/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/new-parents/first-weeks/feelings-of-shame-and-stigma/\u003C/a>.","[14] Ponte K. Pursuing motherhood while living with mental illness. Arlington (VA): National Alliance on Mental Health (NAMI); 2023 Mar 3 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI-Blog/March-2023/Pursuing-Motherhood-While-Living-with-Mental-Illness\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.nami.org/Blogs/NAMI-Blog/March-2023/Pursuing-Motherhood-While-Living-with-Mental-Illness\u003C/a>.","[15] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Perinatal anxiety [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2022 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/perinatal-anxiety/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/perinatal-anxiety/\u003C/a>.","[16] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Intrusive thoughts and perinatal OCD [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2022 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/new-parents/first-weeks/intrusive-thoughts-and-perinatal-ocd/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/new-parents/first-weeks/intrusive-thoughts-and-perinatal-ocd/\u003C/a>.","[17] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after birth [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2022 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/preparing-for-birth/things-dont-go-plan/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-2/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/preparing-for-birth/things-dont-go-plan/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-2/\u003C/a>.","[18] Phoenix Australia. Australian guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute stress disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD [Internet]. Carlton (VIC): Phoenix Australia; 2022 Jul [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.phoenixaustralia.org/australian-guidelines-for-ptsd/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.phoenixaustralia.org/australian-guidelines-for-ptsd/\u003C/a>.","[19] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Bipolar disorder in the perinatal period [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/bipolar-disorder-perinatal-period/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/bipolar-disorder-perinatal-period/\u003C/a>.","[20] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Peurperal psychosis [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2020 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/puerperal-psychosis/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/health-professionals-3/perinatal-mental-health-disorders/puerperal-psychosis/\u003C/a>.","[21] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Schizophrenia in the perinatal period: A guide for healthcare professionals [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/COPE_Schizophrenia-in-Perinatal-Period_Health-Prof-Fact-Sheet-2023.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/COPE_Schizophrenia-in-Perinatal-Period_Health-Prof-Fact-Sheet-2023.pdf \u003C/a>.","[22] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Borderline personality disorder in the perinatal period: A guide for health professionals [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/COPE_BPD-in-Perinatal-Period_Health-Prof-Fact-Sheet-2023.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/COPE_BPD-in-Perinatal-Period_Health-Prof-Fact-Sheet-2023.pdf \u003C/a>.","[23] Blankley G, Galbally M, Snellen M, et al. Borderline Personality Disorder in the perinatal period: early infant and maternal outcomes. Australas Psychiatry [Internet]. 2015 Dec [cited 2024 Mar 25];23(6):688-92. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26133812/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26133812/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1177/1039856215590254.","[24] Petfield L, Startup H, Droscher H, et al. Parenting in mothers with borderline personality disorder and impact on child outcomes. Evid Based Ment Health [Internet]. 2015 Aug [cited 2024 Mar 25];18(3):67-75. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26205740/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26205740/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1136/eb-2015-102163.","[25] Eyden J, Winsper C, Wolke D, et al. A systematic review of the parenting and outcomes experienced by offspring of mothers with borderline personality pathology: Potential mechanisms and clinical implications. Clin Psychol Rev [Internet]. 2016 Jul [cited 2024 Mar 25];47:85-105. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27261413/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27261413/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.04.002.","[26] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Perinatal Mental Health Fact Sheets for Health Professionals [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/perinatal-mental-health-factsheets-for-professionals/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/perinatal-mental-health-factsheets-for-professionals/\u003C/a>.","[27] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Antenatal fact sheets for women and their families [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/expecting-a-baby/mental-health-conditions-pregnancy/antenatal-mental-health-factsheets-resources/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/expecting-a-baby/mental-health-conditions-pregnancy/antenatal-mental-health-factsheets-resources/\u003C/a>.","[28] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Postnatal fact sheets for women and their families [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. 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Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://directory.cope.org.au/\"target=\"_blank\">https://directory.cope.org.au/\u003C/a>.","[44] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Basic Skills in Perinatal Mental Health [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2022 [updated 2023 Nov; cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/course/basic-skills-in-perinatal-mental-health-revised/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/course/basic-skills-in-perinatal-mental-health-revised/\u003C/a>.","[45] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). The Truth [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2022 Mar [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/thetruth/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/thetruth/\u003C/a>.","[46] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Ready to COPE – Information for Healthcare & Service Providers [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/readytocope/ready-to-cope-information-for-healthcare-providers/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/readytocope/ready-to-cope-information-for-healthcare-providers/\u003C/a>.","[47] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Health Promotion Resources [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2023 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/promotionposters/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/promotionposters/\u003C/a>.","[48] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Health professionals (hub) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/health-professionals/\u003C/a>.","[49] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). COPE: Centre of Perinatal Excellence (Home page) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/\u003C/a>.","[50] Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Family and community (hub) [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): COPE; 2024 [cited 2024 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cope.org.au/family-community/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cope.org.au/family-community/\u003C/a>.","[51] Ausmed, Centre of Perinatal Excellence (COPE). Content Provider: COPE [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2024 [cited 20204 Mar 25]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/providers/cope\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/learn/providers/cope\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"27e53601-2895-44ab-b96a-37178613f5d8","topicText":["Understanding the significance and scope of perinatal mental health","Common and severe perinatal mental health disorders","Screening, assessment and interventions","The unique challenges of the perinatal period","The role of the clinician in caring for patients with perinatal mental health conditions"],"need":"\u003Cp>Perinatal mental health struggles affect 1 in 5 new mothers, with 20% of that population experiencing symptoms of suicidal ideation or undertaking self-harm. 1 in 10 fathers are also affected, yet 45% are not aware of the fact that perinatal mental health struggles can apply to them in the first place. 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Currently working as an unaccredited Urology Registrar, her goal is to undertake formal urology training in the next couple of years. Sarah holds a Doctor of Medicine, a Master of Surgery (in Surgical Skills), a Master of International Health Management, and an undergraduate degree in Health Science (Hearing and Speech), which she achieved prior to pursuing her career in medicine.",""],"extraBio":"","brochureBio":""},"types":"Educator"}}],"resourceID":"bba9b755-af68-4fd4-b3d7-d0cbe0ddfa1f","overview":"\u003Cp>Urinary catheterisation is one of the most common procedures healthcare professionals perform in acute settings. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2024 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Admitted patient safety and quality: Hospital-acquired complications data [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): AIHW; 2023 May 31 [updated 2023 Aug 11; cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-data/myhospitals/intersection/quality/apc\"target=\"_Blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports-data/myhospitals/intersection/quality/apc\u003C/a>.","[2] Ling R, Giles M, Searles A. Administration of indwelling urinary catheters in four Australian Hospitals: cost-effectiveness analysis of a multifaceted nurse-led intervention. BMC Health Serv Res [Internet]. 2021 Aug 31 [cited 2024 Jan 7];21:897. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8408952/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8408952/\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1186/s12913-021-06871-w","[3] Department of Health, Tasmanian Government. Preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (Version 3) [Internet]. Hobart (TAS): Tasmanian Government; [updated 2021 May 3; cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://doh.health.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/56399/Preventing_catheter_associated_urinary_tract_infections.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://doh.health.tas.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/56399/Preventing_catheter_associated_urinary_tract_infections.pdf\u003C/a>.","[4] Conforti C, Fontana C, Di Palma G, et al. Managing the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in critically ill patients. World J Crit Care Med [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2024 Jan 7];7(3):48-55. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5998608/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5998608/\u003C/a>. DOI:10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_299_17","[5] Newman DK. Complications - Indwelling catheters [Internet]. Truckee (CA): UroToday; 2021 [cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.urotoday.com/urinary-catheters-home/indwelling-catheters/complications/problems.html\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.urotoday.com/urinary-catheters-home/indwelling-catheters/complications/problems.html\u003C/a>.","[6] Durant DJ. Nurse-driven protocols and the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections: A systematic review. Am J Infect Control [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2024 Jan 7];45(12):1331–1341. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(17)30907-0/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(17)30907-0/\u003C/a>. DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2017.07.020.","[7] NSW Health. Guideline: Insertion and Management of Urethral Catheters for Adult Patients [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): NSW Health; 2021 Aug 31 [cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www1.health.nsw.gov.au/pds/ActivePDSDocuments/GL2021_015.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www1.health.nsw.gov.au/pds/ActivePDSDocuments/GL2021_015.pdf\u003C/a>.","[8] Campeau L, Shamout S, Baverstock RJ, et al. Canadian Urological Association Best Practice Report: Catheter use. Can Urol Assoc J [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2024 Jan 7];14(7):E281-9. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cua.org/system/files/Guideline-Files/6697-Article%2520Text-32598-1-10-20200630.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cua.org/system/files/Guideline-Files/6697-Article%2520Text-32598-1-10-20200630.pdf\u003C/a>. DOI:10.5489/cuaj.6697","[9] Gilbert B, Naidoo TL, Redwig F. Ins and Outs of Urinary Catheters. Aust J Gen Pract [Internet]. 2018 Mar [cited 2024 Jan 7];47(3):123-126. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2018/march/ins-and-outs-of-urinary-catheters\"target=\"_blank\">https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2018/march/ins-and-outs-of-urinary-catheters\u003C/a>. DOI:10.31128/AFP-10-17-4362","[10] Ogobuiro I, Tuma F. Physiology, Renal [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; [updated 2023 Jul 24; cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538339/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538339/\u003C/a>.","[11] SEER Training Modules. Anatomy and Physiology - Urinary System (Module) [Internet]. U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute; 2018 [cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/urinary/\"target=\"_blank\">https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/urinary/\u003C/a>.","[12] Geng V, Cobussen-Boekhorst H, Farrell J, et al. Catheterisation: Indwelling catheters in adults (Urethral and Suprapubic) [Internet]. Arnhem (NL): The European Association of Urology Nurses (EAUN); 2012 Feb [cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://nurses.uroweb.org/guideline/catheterisation-indwelling-catheters-in-adults-urethral-and-suprapubic/\"target=\"_blank\">https://nurses.uroweb.org/guideline/catheterisation-indwelling-catheters-in-adults-urethral-and-suprapubic/\u003C/a>.","[13] WA Country Health Service. Bladder Management – Catheter Clinical Practice Standard [Internet]. Perth (WA): WA Country Health Service, Government of Western Australia; 2022 Nov 3 [cited 2024 Jan 7]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wacountry.health.wa.gov.au/~/media/WACHS/Documents/About-us/Policies/Bladder-Management---Catheter-Clinical-Practice-Standard.pdf?thn=0\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.wacountry.health.wa.gov.au/~/media/WACHS/Documents/About-us/Policies/Bladder-Management---Catheter-Clinical-Practice-Standard.pdf?thn=0\u003C/a>.","[14] Ausmed Editorial Team. Urinary Catheter Insertion for Male Patients [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2021 Jul 19 [cited 2024 Feb 15]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/cpd/explainers/urinary-catheter-insertion-for-males\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/cpd/explainers/urinary-catheter-insertion-for-males\u003C/a>.","[15] Ausmed Editorial Team. Urinary Catheter Insertion for Female Patients [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed; 2021 July 19 [cited 2024 Feb 15]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/cpd/explainers/urinary-catheter-insertion-for-females\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/cpd/explainers/urinary-catheter-insertion-for-females\u003C/a>.","[16] Agency for Clinical Innovation. Clean intermittent urethral catheterisation in adults: Guide. [Internet]. Chatswood (NSW): NSW Government; 2019 Sep [cited 2024 Feb 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/553647/ACI-Urology-Intermittent-urethral-catheterisation.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/553647/ACI-Urology-Intermittent-urethral-catheterisation.pdf\u003C/a>.","[17] V Geng, H Cobussen-Boekhorst, H Lurvink, et al. Male external catheters in adults – Urinary catheter management. EAUN [Internet]. 2016 Mar [cted 2024 Feb 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://nurses.uroweb.org/guideline/male-external-catheters-in-adults-urinary-catheter-management/\"target=\"_blank\">https://nurses.uroweb.org/guideline/male-external-catheters-in-adults-urinary-catheter-management/\u003C/a>.","[18] Agency for Clinical Innovation. Male Indwelling Urinary Catheterisation (IUC) - Adult. [Internet]. Chatswod (NSW): NSW Government; 2014 [updated 2017 Mar; cited 2024 Feb 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/256133/ACI_Male_IUCv3.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/256133/ACI_Male_IUCv3.pdf\u003C/a>.","[19] Halbgewachs C, Domes T. Postobstructive diuresis: pay close attention to urinary retention. Can Fam Physician [Internet]. 2015 Feb [cited 2023 Dec 1];61(2):137-42. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325860/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325860/\u003C/a>.","[20] Bragg BN, Kong EL, Leslie SW. Paraphimosis [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; [updated 2023 May 30; cited 2023 Dec 1]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459233/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459233/\u003C/a>.","[21] Agency for Clinical Innovation. Female Indwelling Urinary Catheterisation (IUC) - Adult. [Internet]. Chatswood (NSW): NSW Government; 2014 [cited 2024 Feb 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/256132/ACI_Female_IUCv2.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/256132/ACI_Female_IUCv2.pdf\u003C/a>.","[22] Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Hospital-Acquired Complication 3: Healthcare associated infections. [Internet]. [Internet]. Sydney (AU): ACSQHC; 2018 Mar [updated 2018 Jun; cited 2024 Feb 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/SAQ7730_HAC_Factsheet_HealthcareAssociatedInfections_LongV2.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/migrated/SAQ7730_HAC_Factsheet_HealthcareAssociatedInfections_LongV2.pdf\u003C/a>.","[23] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [Internet]. Frequently Asked Questions about Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infections. Atlanta (GA): CDC; [updated 2010 Nov 24; cited 2024 Feb 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/ca_uti/cauti_faqs.html\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/ca_uti/cauti_faqs.html\u003C/a>.","[24] Healthy WA. [Internet]. Caring for your catheter. Perth (WA): Department of Health WA; 2024 [cited 2024 Feb 16]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/A_E/Caring-for-your-catheter\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/A_E/Caring-for-your-catheter\u003C/a>."],"guidelines":["dcaed7e0-6d01-4740-9a68-e3ad3719e49d","f40dd466-ecbb-4562-a729-72171b31951a","6bd8b153-153b-488a-9be8-c364fd935f2c","b11123e3-09ad-4f1d-9619-98b8ef1c2458","40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","b7f388d7-2aea-41db-b68e-74456b15c300","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","578aa9be-5bae-47d8-9a8e-70164bfc3f73","adea920b-c99c-47c0-a303-0f26d1c5c529"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"bba9b755-af68-4fd4-b3d7-d0cbe0ddfa1f","topicText":["Understanding types and indications of urinary catheterisation","Catheter device features","Device and care management principles","Preventing and troubleshooting complications","Providing patient education"],"need":"\u003Cp>Urinary tract infections were the second-most common hospital-acquired complication across all Australian hospitals between 2021-22, and accounted for approximately 25% of all healthcare-associated infections overall.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Of these hospital-acquired urinary tract infections, it is estimated that catheter-acquired urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) make up anywhere between 70–80%. In spite of these high prevalence rates, up to 70% of CAUTIs are deemed preventable.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Therefore, proper management and assessment of catheter use is vital in preventing CAUTIs and other complications, which can be highly distressing for patients, prolong hospital stays, and add substantial healthcare costs to the system.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>Studies show that healthcare professionals responsible for overseeing urinary catheter devices play a crucial role in preventing and minimising associated complications. Effective education addressing best-practice catheter management will improve outcomes through enhanced knowledge and improved confidence.\u003C/p>","purpose":"To equip healthcare professionals in acute settings with the necessary knowledge to effectively assess and manage the care of patients needing urinary catheters, according to best-practice. 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The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Sydney, Australia","peerReviewers":["69ab1584-c094-4540-8878-18a343913219"],"alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. 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You are not permitted to reproduce any tools including self-evaluation tools, or distribute or make available to non-subscribers any support materials whatsoever that relate to the Courses or Lectures/Videos.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>You are not permitted to photocopy support materials and/or electronically distribute these to third parties. You are not permitted to make any alterations to the Courses, Lectures/Videos, whatsoever. You are not permitted to pass the Courses, Lectures/Videos off as your own intellectual property.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed also advises that viewing of or listening to the Courses, Lectures/Videos outside of Ausmed’s complete framework for Courses, Lectures/Videos does not entitle the viewer to the approved CPD hours, which have may been allocated by Ausmed. All additional terms and conditions relevant to the use of this video education document can be found at the bottom of this page, or by clicking \u003Ca href=\"http://www.ausmed.com.au/general-company-information/terms-and-conditions\" target=\"_blank\"> here\u003C/a>. © 2022 Ausmed Education Pty Ltd.\u003C/p>","selfEvaluation":"\u003Cp>Ausmed requires all presenters involved in the development of Courses to disclose any financial, commercial, institutional or other relationships that might lead to any bias in the content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>Ausmed has strict procedures to resolve and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest prior to the commencement of any Course.\u003C/p>","references":["[1] Chew DP, Scott IA, Cullen L, et al. National Heart Foundation of Australia & Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand: Australian Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes. Heart Lung Circ [Internet]. 2016 Jun 16 [cited 2024 Feb 28];25(9):895-951. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/getmedia/6132a46d-5cfc-4cec-a9da-2ff380179bb1/clinical_guidelines_for_the_management_of_acute_coronary_syndromes_2016.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/getmedia/6132a46d-5cfc-4cec-a9da-2ff380179bb1/clinical_guidelines_for_the_management_of_acute_coronary_syndromes_2016.pdf\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.789","[2] Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). Causes of death, Australia [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): ABS; 2021 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/causes-death/causes-death-australia/latest-release\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/causes-death/causes-death-australia/latest-release\u003C/a>.","[3] National Heart Foundation of Australia. Key Statistics: Heart Attack [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): National Heart Foundation of Australia; 2020 Apr 25 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://prod.heartfoundation.org.au/Bundles/For-Professionals/key-statistics-heart-attack\"target=\"_blank\">https://prod.heartfoundation.org.au/Bundles/For-Professionals/key-statistics-heart-attack\u003C/a>.","[4] Dawson LP, Andrew E, Nehme Z, et al. Incidence, diagnoses and outcomes of ambulance attendances for chest pain: a population-based cohort study. Ann Epidemiol [Internet]. 2022 Aug;72: 32-39. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35513303/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35513303/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.04.010","[5] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Heart, stroke and vascular disease - Australian facts [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2021 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/heart-stroke-vascular-diseases/hsvd-facts/contents/heart-stroke-and-vascular-disease-and-subtypes/coronary-heart-disease\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/heart-stroke-vascular-diseases/hsvd-facts/contents/heart-stroke-and-vascular-disease-and-subtypes/coronary-heart-disease\u003C/a>.","[6] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Estimating the incidence of stroke and acute coronary syndrome using the National Integrated Health Services Information Analysis Asset. Canberra (ACT): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2022 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/heart-stroke-vascular-diseases/incidence-of-stroke-acute-coronary-syndrome/data\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/heart-stroke-vascular-diseases/incidence-of-stroke-acute-coronary-syndrome/data\u003C/a>.","[7] Antman EM. TIMI Risk Score for UA/NSTEMI [Internet]. Boston (MA): MDCalc; 2000 Aug [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/111/timi-risk-score-ua-nstemi\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/111/timi-risk-score-ua-nstemi\u003C/a>.","[8] Antman EM, Cohen M, Bernink PJ, et al. The TIMI risk score for unstable angina/non-ST elevation MI: A method for prognostication and therapeutic decision making. JAMA [Internet]. 2000 Aug 16 [cited 2024 Feb 28];284(7), 835–842. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/192996\"target=\"_blank\">https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/192996\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1001/jama.284.7.835","[9] Gore J, Fox KAA. GRACE ACS Risk and Mortality Calculator (2.0) [Internet]. Boston (MA): MDCalc; 2014 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/1099/grace-acs-risk-mortality-calculator\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.mdcalc.com/calc/1099/grace-acs-risk-mortality-calculator\u003C/a>.","[10] Gulati M, Levy PD, Mukherjee D, et al. Guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation [Internet]. 2021 Oct 28 [cited 2024 Feb 28];144(22):187-285. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001029\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001029\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001029","[11] Editorial Team. PQRST Pain Assessment [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): Ausmed Education; 2019 Jun 23 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ausmed.com.au/cpd/explainers/pqrst-pain-assessment\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ausmed.com.au/cpd/explainers/pqrst-pain-assessment\u003C/a>.","[12] Iorga A, Cunningham CM, Moazeni S, Ruffenach G, Umar S, Eghbali M. The protective role of estrogen and estrogen receptors in cardiovascular disease and the controversial use of estrogen therapy. Biol Sex Differ [Internet]. 2017 Oct 24 [cited 2024 Feb 28];8(1):33. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5655818/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5655818/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1186/s13293-017-0152-8","[13] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Cardiovascular disease in women [Internet]. Canberra (ACT): Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2019 Jul 21 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/25915222-41b7-4697-b877-8a8d7daaa836/aihw-cdk-15.pdf\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/25915222-41b7-4697-b877-8a8d7daaa836/aihw-cdk-15.pdf\u003C/a>.","[14] National Heart Foundation of Australia. Women and heart disease [Internet]. Melbourne (VIC): National Heart Foundation of Australia; 2021 Oct 6 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/Bundles/Your-heart/heart-conditions-in-women\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/Bundles/Your-heart/heart-conditions-in-women\u003C/a>.","[15] Birnbaum Y, Wilson JM, Fiol M, de Luna AB, Eskola M, Nikus K. ECG diagnosis and classification of acute coronary syndromes. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol [Internet]. 2014 Jan [cited 2024 Feb 28];19(1):4-14. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6931956/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6931956/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1111/anec.12130","[16] Hammarsten O, Mair J, Möckel M, Lindahl B, Jaffe AS. Possible mechanisms behind cardiac troponin elevations. Biomarkers [Internet]. 2018 Dec [cited 2024 Feb 28];23(8)725-734. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29976112/\"target=\"_blank\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29976112/\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1080/1354750X.2018.1490969","[17] López-Cuenca A, Gómez-Molina M, Flores-Blanco PJ, et al. Comparison between type-2 and type-1 myocardial infarction: clinical features, treatment strategies and outcomes. J Geriatr Cardiol [Internet]. 2016 Jan [cited 2024 Feb 28];13(1):15-22. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753007/\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4753007/\u003C/a>. 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New Approaches to Aortic Diseases from Valve to Abdominal Bifurcation [Internet]. Academic Press; 2018 [cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128099797000158\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128099797000158\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-809979-7.00015-8","[34] Healthdirect Australia. CT scan [Internet]. Sydney (NSW): Healthdirect Australia; [updated 2021 Jan; cited 2024 Feb 28]. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ct-scan\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/ct-scan\u003C/a>.","[35] Bass C, Mayou R. The ABC of psychological medicine: Chest pain. BMJ [Internet]. 2002 Sep 14 [cited 2024 Feb 28];325(7364):588–591. Available from: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1124107/#\"target=\"_blank\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1124107/#\u003C/a>. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.325.7364.588"],"guidelines":["40a58630-3c02-4196-89c7-15b794b961e1","8461199e-7ea7-4078-8e91-6933f90a9bf3","dcaed7e0-6d01-4740-9a68-e3ad3719e49d"],"courseExtraDetail":{"resourceID":"5cb89b9a-21a0-4fbf-b686-9bde53e2cc06","topicText":["Chest pain overview","Conducting a comprehensive chest pain diagnostic assessment","Signs and symptoms of acute coronary syndrome","Differential diagnoses","Management options for pain of a cardiac and non-cardiac nature"],"need":"\u003Cp>Every year, over 500,000 people present to emergency departments in Australia with signs and symptoms indicative of a possible heart attack. Though over 80% of these people presenting with chest pain are ultimately not experiencing acute coronary syndromes (ACS), a thorough chest pain assessment is necessary in all of these cases.\u003C/p>\n\n\u003Cp>With this in mind, education providing an up-to-date and optimised approach to conducting chest pain assessments is essential in order to combat the considerable time and resources these assessments take within our already strained healthcare system.\u003C/p>","purpose":"The purpose of this Ausmed Course is to update learners’ knowledge of best-practice care of a person experiencing chest pain, help learners recognise the difference between chest pain of a cardiac nature and of other causes, and inform learners of current best-practice management options for the different origins of chest pain.","targetAudience":"This Ausmed Course is intended for paramedics, nurses and those looking to increase or update their knowledge about the assessment of a patient presenting with chest pain.","disclaimer":"\u003Cp>The Content that Ausmed Education Pty Ltd and its related entities (Ausmed) provide is for your general information and educational purposes only, to assist in enabling you to satisfy your continuing professional development requirements. Ausmed accepts no liability for the performance and exercise of your work duties or professional skills.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>The Content does not constitute medical, health, wellness or nutritional advice nor consultation and should not at any time be considered a replacement for the services or advice of a qualified health professional engaging in the provision of evidence-based care within a specific context. The Content is general in nature and does not take into account the circumstances, physical wellbeing, mental status or medical requirements of a particular person, which are factors relevant to the correct diagnosis and treatment of any health condition. Ausmed expressly advises that you must not disregard, or advise others to disregard, medical advice or delay seeking it because of the Content.\u003C/p>\n \u003Cp>While Ausmed uses reasonable endeavours to ensure that all Content is complete and accurate at the time of publication we accept no responsibility for any error, omission or defects contained in the Content. Ausmed does not warrant the accuracy of information provided by any third party and accepts no liability for any loss or damage which you may suffer in reliance on it.\u003C/p>","isANCCAccredited":true,"accreditation":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","courseTemplate":1,"videoRecordingLocation":"Melbourne, Australia","alternativeResourceLink":"","reasonForExpiry":"","actionStatus":"","metaData":{"isTrainingModule":false,"anccAccreditation":{"status":"\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre is accredited with distinction as a provider of nursing continuing \n professional development by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Provider Number PO342.\u003C/p>","info":[{"header":"\u003Ch3>Benefits of ANCC NCPD Accreditation\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>ANCC accredited nursing continuing professional development (NCPD) courses are outcome-focused, \n peer-reviewed, and evidence-based. Using a conceptual framework and adult learning principles, Ausmed\n ensures quality learning, reflecting our dedication to excellence and growing your competence through an\n enriched learning experience.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The Ausmed Education Learning Centre adheres to a stringent policy wherein we do not receive any \n commercial or in-kind support for the development of our ANCC accredited NCPD activities.\u003C/p>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Criteria for Awarding Contact Hours\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>In order to receive a Certificate of Completion and be awarded contact hours, you will need to meet the \n requirements for the successful completion of this learning activity. They are\u003C/p>\n \u003Cul>\u003Cli>Watch the entirety of each video\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Achieve 100% in the Test-Your-Learning questions (no limit on attempts)\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Participate in the Review-Your-Learning questions\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Reflect on and document your learning\u003C/li>\n \u003C/ul>"},{"header":"\u003Ch3>Expiration Date\u003C/h3>","text":"\u003Cp>This enduring NCPD activity will expire at the end of 30/03/2025 after which contact hours will not be valid.\u003C/p>"}]}}}}}]}</script></body></html>