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surface</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: uneven surface"> <meta name="keywords" content="uneven surface"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="uneven surface"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2113</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: uneven surface</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1873</span> Surface Plasmon Polariton Excitation by a Phase Shift Grating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Nakada">T. Nakada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Nakagawa"> Y. Nakagawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Haraguchi"> M. Haraguchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Okamotoi"> T. Okamotoi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Flockert"> M. Flockert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Isu"> T. Isu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20Shinomiya"> G. Shinomiya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We focus on the excitation and propagation properties of surface plasmon polariton (SPP). We have developed a SPP excitation device in combination with a grating structures fabricated by using the scanning probe lithography. Perturbation approach was used to investigate the coupling properties of SPP with a spatial harmonic wave supported by a metallic grating. A phase shift grating SPP coupler has been fabricated and the optical property was evaluated by the Fraunhofer diffraction formula. We have been experimentally confirmed the induced stop band by diffraction measurement. We have also observed the wavenumber shift of the resonance condition of SPP owing to effect of a phase shift. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surface%20Plasmon%20Polariton" title="Surface Plasmon Polariton">Surface Plasmon Polariton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phase%20shift%20grating" title=" phase shift grating"> phase shift grating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=scanning%20probe%20lithography" title="scanning probe lithography">scanning probe lithography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/surface-plasmon-polariton-excitation-by-a-phase-shift-grating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6386.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1843</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1872</span> The Customization of 3D Last Form Design Based On Weighted Blending</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shih-Wen%20Hsiao">Shih-Wen Hsiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chu-Hsuan%20Lee"> Chu-Hsuan Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rong-Qi%20Chen"> Rong-Qi Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>When it comes to last, it is regarded as the critical foundation of shoe design and development. Not only the last relates to the comfort of shoes wearing but also it aids the production of shoe styling and manufacturing. In order to enhance the efficiency and application of last development, a computer aided methodology for customized last form designs is proposed in this study. The reverse engineering is mainly applied to the process of scanning for the last form. Then the minimum energy is used for the revision of surface continuity, the surface of the last is reconstructed with the feature curves of the scanned last. When the surface of a last is reconstructed, based on the foundation of the proposed last form reconstruction module, the weighted arithmetic mean method is applied to the calculation on the shape morphing which differs from the grading for the control mesh of last, and the algorithm of subdivision is used to create the surface of last mesh, thus the feet-fitting 3D last form of different sizes is generated from its original form feature with functions remained. Finally, the practicability of the proposed methodology is verified through later case studies.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=3D%20last%20design" title="3D last design">3D last design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Customization" title=" Customization"> Customization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reverse%20engineering" title=" Reverse engineering"> Reverse engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Weighted%20morphing" title=" Weighted morphing"> Weighted morphing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shape%20blending." title=" Shape blending."> Shape blending.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/the-customization-of-3d-last-form-design-based-on-weighted-blending" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2204</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1871</span> Electric Field Effect on the Rise of Single Bubbles during Boiling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Masoudnia">N. Masoudnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Fatahi"> M. Fatahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>An experimental study of saturated pool boiling on a single artificial nucleation site without and with the application of an electric field on the boiling surface has been conducted. N-pentane is boiling on a copper surface and is recorded with a high speed camera providing high quality pictures and movies. The accuracy of the visualization allowed establishing an experimental bubble growth law from a large number of experiments. This law shows that the evaporation rate is decreasing during the bubble growth, and underlines the importance of liquid motion induced by the preceding bubble. Bubble rise is therefore studied: once detached, bubbles accelerate vertically until reaching a maximum velocity in good agreement with a correlation from literature. The bubbles then turn to another direction. The effect of applying an electric field on the boiling surface in finally studied. In addition to changes of the bubble shape, changes are also shown in the liquid plume and the convective structures above the surface. Lower maximum rising velocities were measured in the presence of electric fields, especially with a negative polarity.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Single%20bubbles" title="Single bubbles">Single bubbles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electric%20field" title=" electric field"> electric field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boiling" title=" boiling"> boiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=effect." title=" effect. "> effect. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/electric-field-effect-on-the-rise-of-single-bubbles-during-boiling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1870</span> Mathematical Modelling of Different Types of Body Support Surface for Pressure Ulcer Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mahbub%20C.%20Mishu">Mahbub C. Mishu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Venketesh%20N.%20Dubey"> Venketesh N. Dubey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tamas%20Hickish"> Tamas Hickish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jonathan%20Cole"> Jonathan Cole</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Pressure ulcer is a common problem for today’s healthcare industry. It occurs due to external load applied to the skin. Also when the subject is immobile for a longer period of time and there is continuous load applied to a particular area of human body, blood flow gets reduced and as a result pressure ulcer develops. Body support surface has a significant role in preventing ulceration so it is important to know the characteristics of support surface under loading conditions. In this paper we have presented mathematical models of different types of viscoelastic materials and also we have shown the validation of our simulation results with experiments.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pressure%20ulcer" title="Pressure ulcer">Pressure ulcer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=viscoelastic%20material" title=" viscoelastic material"> viscoelastic material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mathematical%0D%0Amodel" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=experimental%20validation." title=" experimental validation."> experimental validation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/mathematical-modelling-of-different-types-of-body-support-surface-for-pressure-ulcer-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1919</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1869</span> Wetting Front Propagation during Quenching of Aluminum Plate by Water Spray</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20M.%20Seraj">M. M. Seraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20S.%20Gadala"> M. S. Gadala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study presents a systematic analysis of wetted region due to cooling of aluminum plate by water spray impingement with respect to different water flow rates, spray nozzle heights, and subcooling. Unlike jet impingement, the wetting is not commenced upon spray impingement and there is a delay in wetness of hot test surface. After initiation, the wetting (black zone) progresses gradually to cover all test plate and provides efficient cooling in nucleate boiling regime. Generally, spray cooling is found function of spray flow rate, spray-to-surface distance and water subcooling. Wetting delay is decreasing by increasing of spray flow rate until spray impact area is not become bigger that test surface. Otherwise, higher spray flow rate is not practically accelerated start of wetting. Very fast wetting due to spray cooling can be obtained by dense spray (high floe rate) discharged from adjacent nozzle to the test surface. Highly subcooling water spray also triggers earlier wetting of hot aluminum plate.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Water%20spray" title="Water spray">Water spray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wetting" title=" wetting"> wetting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=aluminum%20plate" title=" aluminum plate"> aluminum plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flow%20rate." title=" flow rate."> flow rate.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/wetting-front-propagation-during-quenching-of-aluminum-plate-by-water-spray" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14398.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1956</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1868</span> A Previously Underappreciated Impact on Global Warming caused by the Geometrical and Physical Properties of desert sand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20F.%20Yang">Y. F. Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20T.%20Wang"> B. T. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20J.%20Fan"> J. J. Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Yin"> J. Yin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The previous researches focused on the influence of anthropogenic greenhouse gases exerting global warming, but not consider whether desert sand may warm the planet, this could be improved by accounting for sand's physical and geometric properties. Here we show, sand particles (because of their geometry) at the desert surface form an extended surface of up to 1 + 蟺/4 times the planar area of the desert that can contact sunlight, and at shallow depths of the desert form another extended surface of at least 1 + 蟺 times the planar area that can contact air. Based on this feature, an enhanced heat exchange system between sunlight, desert sand, and air in the spaces between sand particles could be built up automatically, which can increase capture of solar energy, leading to rapid heating of the sand particles, and then the heating of sand particles will dramatically heat the air between sand particles. The thermodynamics of deserts may thus have contributed to global warming, especially significant to future global warming if the current desertification continues to expand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=global%20warming" title="global warming">global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=desert%20sand" title=" desert sand"> desert sand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=extended%20surface" title=" extended surface"> extended surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heat%0D%0Aexchange" title=" heat exchange"> heat exchange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermodynamics" title=" thermodynamics"> thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/a-previously-underappreciated-impact-on-global-warming-caused-by-the-geometrical-and-physical-properties-of-desert-sand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1632</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1867</span> Evaluation of Exerting Force on the Heating Surface Due to Bubble Ebullition in Subcooled Flow Boiling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20R.%20Nematollahi">M. R. Nematollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vibration characteristics of subcooled flow boiling on thin and long structures such as a heating rod were recently investigated by the author. The results show that the intensity of the subcooled boiling-induced vibration (SBIV) was influenced strongly by the conditions of the subcooling temperature, linear power density and flow velocity. Implosive bubble formation and collapse are the main nature of subcooled boiling, and their behaviors are the only sources to originate from SBIV. Therefore, in order to explain the phenomenon of SBIV, it is essential to obtain reliable information about bubble behavior in subcooled boiling conditions. This was investigated at different conditions of coolant subcooling temperatures of 25 to 75掳C, coolant flow velocities of 0.16 to 0.53m/s, and linear power densities of 100 to 600 W/cm. High speed photography at 13,500 frames per second was performed at these conditions. The results show that even at the highest subcooling condition, the absolute majority of bubbles collapse very close to the surface after detaching from the heating surface. Based on these observations, a simple model of surface tension and momentum change is introduced to offer a rough quantitative estimate of the force exerted on the heating surface during the bubble ebullition. The formation of a typical bubble in subcooled boiling is predicted to exert an excitation force in the order of 10-4 N. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Subcooled%20boiling" title="Subcooled boiling">Subcooled boiling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vibration%20mechanism" title=" vibration mechanism"> vibration mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bubble%0Abehavior." title=" bubble behavior."> bubble behavior.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/evaluation-of-exerting-force-on-the-heating-surface-due-to-bubble-ebullition-in-subcooled-flow-boiling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1542</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1866</span> Elastic-Plastic Analysis for Finite Deformation of a Rotating Disk Having Variable Thickness with Inclusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sanjeev%20Sharma">Sanjeev Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Manoj%20Sahni"> Manoj Sahni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transition theory has been used to derive the elasticplastic and transitional stresses. Results obtained have been discussed numerically and depicted graphically. It is observed that the rotating disk made of incompressible material with inclusion require higher angular speed to yield at the internal surface as compared to disk made of compressible material. It is seen that the radial and circumferential stresses are maximum at the internal surface with and without edge load (for flat disk). With the increase in thickness parameter (k = 2, 4), the circumferential stress is maximum at the external surface while the radial stress is maximum at the internal surface. From the figures drawn the disk with exponentially varying thickness (k = 2), high angular speed is required for initial yielding at internal surface as compared to flat disk and exponentially varying thickness for k = 4 onwards. It is concluded that the disk made of isotropic compressible material is on the safer side of the design as compared to disk made of isotropic incompressible material as it requires higher percentage increase in an angular speed to become fully plastic from its initial yielding. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20deformation" title="Finite deformation">Finite deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Incompressibility" title=" Incompressibility"> Incompressibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Transitionalstresses" title=" Transitionalstresses"> Transitionalstresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elastic-plastic." title=" Elastic-plastic."> Elastic-plastic.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/elastic-plastic-analysis-for-finite-deformation-of-a-rotating-disk-having-variable-thickness-with-inclusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1675</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1865</span> QCM-D Study of E-casein Adsorption on Bimodal PEG Brushes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Ngadi">N. Ngadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Abrahamson"> J. Abrahamson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Fee"> C. Fee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Morison"> K. Morison</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Adsorption of proteins onto a solid surface is believed to be the initial and controlling step in biofouling. A better knowledge of the fouling process can be obtained by controlling the formation of the first protein layer at a solid surface. A number of methods have been investigated to inhibit adsorption of proteins. In this study, the adsorption kinetics of</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E-casein" title="E-casein">E-casein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=QCM-D" title=" QCM-D"> QCM-D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stainless%20steel" title=" stainless steel"> stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bimodal%20brush" title=" bimodal brush"> bimodal brush</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=PEG" title=" PEG "> PEG </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/qcm-d-study-of-e-casein-adsorption-on-bimodal-peg-brushes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1864</span> Comparison of Different Hydrograph Routing Techniques in XPSTORM Modelling Software: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fatema%20Akram">Fatema Akram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Golam%20Rasul"> Mohammad Golam Rasul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohammad%20Masud%20Kamal%20Khan"> Mohammad Masud Kamal Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Md.%20Sharif%20Imam%20Ibne%20Amir"> Md. Sharif Imam Ibne Amir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A variety of routing techniques are available to develop surface runoff hydrographs from rainfall. The selection of runoff routing method is very vital as it is directly related to the type of watershed and the required degree of accuracy. There are different modelling softwares available to explore the rainfall-runoff process in urban areas. XPSTORM, a link-node based, integrated stormwater modelling software, has been used in this study for developing surface runoff hydrograph for a Golf course area located in Rockhampton in Central Queensland in Australia. Four commonly used methods, namely SWMM runoff, Kinematic wave, Laurenson, and Time-Area are employed to generate runoff hydrograph for design storm of this study area. In runoff mode of XPSTORM, the rainfall, infiltration, evaporation and depression storage for subcatchments were simulated and the runoff from the subcatchment to collection node was calculated. The simulation results are presented, discussed and compared. The total surface runoff generated by SWMM runoff, Kinematic wave and Time-Area methods are found to be reasonably close, which indicates any of these methods can be used for developing runoff hydrograph of the study area. Laurenson method produces a comparatively less amount of surface runoff, however, it creates highest peak of surface runoff among all which may be suitable for hilly region. Although the Laurenson hydrograph technique is widely acceptable surface runoff routing technique in Queensland (Australia), extensive investigation is recommended with detailed topographic and hydrologic data in order to assess its suitability for use in the case study area.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ARI" title="ARI">ARI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=design%20storm" title=" design storm"> design storm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IFD" title=" IFD"> IFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rainfall%20temporal%20pattern" title=" rainfall temporal pattern"> rainfall temporal pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=routing%20techniques" title=" routing techniques"> routing techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%20runoff" title=" surface runoff"> surface runoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=XPSTORM." title=" XPSTORM."> XPSTORM.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/comparison-of-different-hydrograph-routing-techniques-in-xpstorm-modelling-software-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">5047</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1863</span> Optimization of Surface Roughness in Additive Manufacturing Processes via Taguchi Methodology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anjian%20Chen">Anjian Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Joseph%20C.%20Chen"> Joseph C. Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper studies a case where the targeted surface roughness of fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing process is improved. The process is designing to reduce or eliminate the defects and improve the process capability index Cp and Cpk for an FDM additive manufacturing process. The baseline Cp is 0.274 and Cpk is 0.654. This research utilizes the Taguchi methodology, to eliminate defects and improve the process. The Taguchi method is used to optimize the additive manufacturing process and printing parameters that affect the targeted surface roughness of FDM additive manufacturing. The Taguchi L9 orthogonal array is used to organize the parameters' (four controllable parameters and one non-controllable parameter) effectiveness on the FDM additive manufacturing process. The four controllable parameters are nozzle temperature [°C], layer thickness [mm], nozzle speed [mm/s], and extruder speed [%]. The non-controllable parameter is the environmental temperature [°C]. After the optimization of the parameters, a confirmation print was printed to prove that the results can reduce the amount of defects and improve the process capability index Cp from 0.274 to 1.605 and the Cpk from 0.654 to 1.233 for the FDM additive manufacturing process. The final results confirmed that the Taguchi methodology is sufficient to improve the surface roughness of FDM additive manufacturing process.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Additive%20manufacturing" title="Additive manufacturing">Additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fused%20deposition%20modeling" title=" fused deposition modeling"> fused deposition modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%20roughness" title=" surface roughness"> surface roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Six-Sigma" title=" Six-Sigma"> Six-Sigma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Taguchi%20method" title=" Taguchi method"> Taguchi method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=3D%20printing." title=" 3D printing."> 3D printing.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/optimization-of-surface-roughness-in-additive-manufacturing-processes-via-taguchi-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1862</span> On the Free-Surface Generated by the Flow over an Obstacle in a Hydraulic Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Bouhadef">M. Bouhadef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Bouzelha-Hammoum"> K. Bouzelha-Hammoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Guendouzen-Dabouz"> T. Guendouzen-Dabouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Younsi"> A. Younsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Zitoun"> T. Zitoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The aim of this paper is to report the different experimental studies, conducted in the laboratory, dealing with the flow in the presence of an obstacle lying in a rectangular hydraulic channel. Both subcritical and supercritical regimes are considered. Generally, when considering the theoretical problem of the free-surface flow, in a fluid domain of finite depth, due to the presence of an obstacle, we suppose that the water is an inviscid fluid, which means that there is no sheared velocity profile, but constant upstream. In a hydraulic channel, it is impossible to satisfy this condition. Indeed, water is a viscous fluid and its velocity is null at the bottom. The two configurations are presented, i.e. a flow over an obstacle and a towed obstacle in a resting fluid.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Experiments" title="Experiments">Experiments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=free-surface%20flow" title=" free-surface flow"> free-surface flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hydraulic%20channel" title=" hydraulic channel"> hydraulic channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=subcritical%20regime" title=" subcritical regime"> subcritical regime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=supercritical%20flow." title=" supercritical flow."> supercritical flow.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/on-the-free-surface-generated-by-the-flow-over-an-obstacle-in-a-hydraulic-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1024</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1861</span> Acidity of different Jordanian Clays characterized by TPD-NH3 and MBOH Conversion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20AlSawalha">M. AlSawalha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Roessner"> F. Roessner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Novikova"> L. Novikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20Bel%27chinskaya"> L. Bel'chinskaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The acidity of different raw Jordanian clays containing zeolite, bentonite, red and white kaolinite and diatomite was characterized by means of temperature programmed desorption (TPD) of ammonia, conversion of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol (MBOH), FTIR and BET-measurements. FTIR spectra proved presence of silanol and bridged hydroxyls on the clay surface. The number of acidic sites was calculated from experimental TPD-profiles. We observed the decrease of surface acidity correlates with the decrease of Si/Al ratio except for diatomite. On the TPD-plot for zeolite two maxima were registered due to different strength of surface acidic sites. Values of MBOH conversion, product yields and selectivity were calculated for the catalysis on Jordanian clays. We obtained that all clay samples are able to convert MBOH into a major product which is 3-methyl-3-buten-1-yne (MBYNE) catalyzed by acid surface sites with the selectivity close to 70%. There was found a correlation between MBOH conversion and acidity of clays determined by TPD-NH3, i.e. the higher the acidity the higher the conversion of MBOH. However, diatomite provided the lowest conversion of MBOH as result of poor polarization of silanol groups. Comparison of surface areas and conversions revealed the highest density of active sites for red kaolinite and the lowest for zeolite and diatomite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Acidity" title="Acidity">Acidity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jordanian%20clay" title=" Jordanian clay"> Jordanian clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Methylbutynol%20conversion" title=" Methylbutynol conversion"> Methylbutynol conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Temperature%20programmed%20desorption%20of%20ammonia" title="Temperature programmed desorption of ammonia">Temperature programmed desorption of ammonia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/acidity-of-different-jordanian-clays-characterized-by-tpd-nh3-and-mboh-conversion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1860</span> Investigation of Behavior on the Contact Surface of the Tire and Ground by CFD Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20F.%20Sung">M. F. Sung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.D.%20Kuan"> Y.D. Kuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.J.%20Shyu"> R.J. Shyu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.M.%20Lee"> S.M. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Tread design has evolved over the years to achieve the common tread pattern used in current vehicles. However, to meet safety and comfort requirements, tread design considers more than one design factor. Tread design must consider the grip and drainage, and the manner in which to reduce rolling noise, which is one of the main factors considered by manufacturers. The main objective of this study was the application the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique to simulate the contact surface of the tire and ground. The results demonstrated an air-Pumping and large pressure drop effect in the process of contact surface. The results also revealed that the pressure can be used to analyze sound pressure level (SPL).</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Air-pumping" title="Air-pumping">Air-pumping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title=" computational fluid dynamics"> computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sound%20pressure%20level" title=" sound pressure level"> sound pressure level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tire." title=" tire."> tire.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/investigation-of-behavior-on-the-contact-surface-of-the-tire-and-ground-by-cfd-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1859</span> Separation of Water/Organic Mixtures Using Micro- and Nanostructured Membranes of Special Type of Wettability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20R.%20Sultanov%20Ch.%20Daulbayev">F. R. Sultanov Ch. Daulbayev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Bakbolat"> B. Bakbolat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Z.%20A.%20Mansurov"> Z. A. Mansurov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Zhurintaeva"> A. A. Zhurintaeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20I.%20Gadilshina"> R. I. Gadilshina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20B.%20Dugali"> A. B. Dugali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Both hydrophilic-oleophobic and hydrophobic-oleophilic membranes were obtained by coating of the substrate of membranes, presented by stainless steel meshes with various dimensions of their openings, with a composition that forms the special type of their surface wettability via spray-coating method. The surface morphology of resulting membranes was studied using SEM, the type of their wettability was identified by measuring the contact angle between the surface of membrane and a drop of studied liquid (water or organic liquid) and efficiency of continuous separation of water and organic liquid was studied on self-assembled setup.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Membrane" title="Membrane">Membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stainless%20steel%20mesh" title=" stainless steel mesh"> stainless steel mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oleophobicity" title=" oleophobicity"> oleophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hydrophobicity" title=" hydrophobicity"> hydrophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=organic%20liquids." title=" organic liquids."> organic liquids.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/separation-of-waterorganic-mixtures-using-micro-and-nanostructured-membranes-of-special-type-of-wettability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">835</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1858</span> Membership Surface and Arithmetic Operations of Imprecise Matrix</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dhruba%20Das">Dhruba Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a method has been developed to construct the membership surfaces of row and column vectors and arithmetic operations of imprecise matrix. A matrix with imprecise elements would be called an imprecise matrix. The membership surface of imprecise vector has been already shown based on Randomness-Impreciseness Consistency Principle. The Randomness- Impreciseness Consistency Principle leads to defining a normal law of impreciseness using two different laws of randomness. In this paper, the author has shown row and column membership surfaces and arithmetic operations of imprecise matrix and demonstrated with the help of numerical example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Imprecise%20number" title="Imprecise number">Imprecise number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Imprecise%20vector" title=" Imprecise vector"> Imprecise vector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Membership%0D%0Asurface" title=" Membership surface"> Membership surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Imprecise%20matrix." title=" Imprecise matrix."> Imprecise matrix.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/membership-surface-and-arithmetic-operations-of-imprecise-matrix" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1799</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1857</span> Determination of EDTA in Dairy Wastewater and Adjacent Surface Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Congmin%20Z.%20Xie">Congmin Z. Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Terry%20Healy"> Terry Healy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Peter%20Robinson"> Peter Robinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kevin%20Stewart"> Kevin Stewart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An HPLC-UV analytical method was developed to determine ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in dairy wastewater and surface water. The optimizing separation was achieved by reversed鈥損hase ion-pair liquid chromatography on a C18 column using methanol as mobile phase solvent, tetrabutylammonium bromide as the ion-pair reagent in pH 3.3 formate buffer solution at a flow rate of 0.9 mL min-1 with a UV detector at 265 nm. No interference of Ca, Mg or NO3 - was detected. Method performance was evaluated in terms of linearity, repeatability and reproducibility. The method detection limit was 5 渭g L-1. The contents of EDTA in dairy effluents were 72 ~ 261 渭g L-1 at a large dairy site. A change of EDTA concentration was observed downstream of the dairy effluent discharge, but this was well under the predicted no effect concentration for aquatic ecosystem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dairy%20wastewater" title="Dairy wastewater">Dairy wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EDTA" title=" EDTA"> EDTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=HPLC" title=" HPLC"> HPLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%20water." title=" surface water."> surface water.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/determination-of-edta-in-dairy-wastewater-and-adjacent-surface-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1913</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1856</span> Discontinuous Galerkin Method for 1D Shallow Water Flow with Water Surface Slope Limiter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Lai">W. Lai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Khan"> A. A. Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A water surface slope limiting scheme is tested and compared with the water depth slope limiter for the solution of one dimensional shallow water equations with bottom slope source term. Numerical schemes based on the total variation diminishing Runge- Kutta discontinuous Galerkin finite element method with slope limiter schemes based on water surface slope and water depth are used to solve one-dimensional shallow water equations. For each slope limiter, three different Riemann solvers based on HLL, LF, and Roe flux functions are used. The proposed water surface based slope limiter scheme is easy to implement and shows better conservation property compared to the slope limiter based on water depth. Of the three flux functions, the Roe approximation provides the best results while the LF function proves to be least suitable when used with either slope limiter scheme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Discontinuous%20finite%20element" title="Discontinuous finite element">Discontinuous finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=TVD%20Runge-Kuttascheme" title=" TVD Runge-Kuttascheme"> TVD Runge-Kuttascheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=slope%20limiters" title=" slope limiters"> slope limiters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Riemann%20solvers" title=" Riemann solvers"> Riemann solvers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=shallow%20water%20flow." title=" shallow water flow."> shallow water flow.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/discontinuous-galerkin-method-for-1d-shallow-water-flow-with-water-surface-slope-limiter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2604</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1855</span> Optimization of Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Avicennia marina (Forssk.)Vierh using Response Surface Methodology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V.Bharathi">V.Bharathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jamila%20Patterson"> Jamila Patterson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.Rajendiran"> R.Rajendiran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optimization of extraction of phenolic compounds from Avicennia marina using response surface methodology was carried out during the present study. Five levels, three factors rotatable design (CCRD) was utilized to examine the optimum combination of extraction variables based on the TPC of Avicennia marina leaves. The best combination of response function was 78.41 掳C, drying temperature; 26.18掳C; extraction temperature and 36.53 minutes of extraction time. However, the procedure can be promptly extended to the study of several others pharmaceutical processes like purification of bioactive substances, drying of extracts and development of the pharmaceutical dosage forms for the benefit of consumers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Avicennia%20marina" title="Avicennia marina">Avicennia marina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Central%20Composite%20RotatableDesign%20%28CCRD%29" title=" Central Composite RotatableDesign (CCRD)"> Central Composite RotatableDesign (CCRD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Response%20Surface%20Methodology" title=" Response Surface Methodology"> Response Surface Methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Total%20Phenoliccontents%20%28TPC%29" title=" Total Phenoliccontents (TPC)"> Total Phenoliccontents (TPC)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/optimization-of-extraction-of-phenolic-compounds-from-avicennia-marina-forsskvierh-using-response-surface-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2066</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1854</span> Study of the Sorption of Biosurfactants from l. Pentosus on Sediments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Devesa-Rey%20R.">Devesa-Rey R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vecino%20X."> Vecino X.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Barral%20M.T."> Barral M.T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cruz%20J.M."> Cruz J.M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Moldes%20A.B"> Moldes A.B</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Losses of surfactant due to sorption need to be considered when selecting surfactant doses for soil bioremediation. The degree of surfactant sorption onto soil depends primarily on the organic carbon fraction of soil and the chemical nature of the surfactant. The use of biosurfactants in the control of the bioavailability of toxicants in soils is an attractive option because of their biodegradability. In this work biosurfactants were produced from a cheap raw material, trimming vine shoots, employing Lactobacillus pentosus. When biosurfactants from L. pentosus was added to sediments the surface tensi贸n of the water containing the sediments rapidly increase, the same behaviour was observed with the chemical surfactant Tween 20; whereas sodyum dodecyl sulphate (SDS) kept the surface tension of the water around 36 mN/m. It means, that the behaviour of biosurfactants from L. pentosus is more similar to non-ionic surfactatns than to anionic surfactants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Biosurfactants" title="Biosurfactants">Biosurfactants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20pentous" title=" L. pentous"> L. pentous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sediments" title=" sediments"> sediments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%20tension" title=" surface tension"> surface tension</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/study-of-the-sorption-of-biosurfactants-from-l-pentosus-on-sediments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12594.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1918</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1853</span> Uneven Development: Structural Changes and Income Outcomes across States in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Siti%20Aiysyah%20Tumin">Siti Aiysyah Tumin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper looks at the nature of structural changes—the transition of employment from agriculture, to manufacturing, then to different types of services—in different states in Malaysia and links it to income outcomes for households and workers. Specifically, this paper investigates the conditional association between the concentration of different economic activities and income outcomes (household incomes and employee wages) in almost four decades. Using publicly available state-level employment and income data, we found that significant wage premium was associated with “modern” services (finance, real estate, professional, information and communication), which are urban-based services sectors that employ a larger proportion of skilled and educated workers. However, employment in manufacturing and other services subsectors was significantly associated with a lower income dispersion and inequality, alluding to their importance in welfare improvements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Employment" title="Employment">Employment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=labour%20market" title=" labour market"> labour market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=structural%20change" title=" structural change"> structural change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wages." title=" wages. "> wages. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/uneven-development-structural-changes-and-income-outcomes-across-states-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10011856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1852</span> Surface Topography Assessment Techniques based on an In-process Monitoring Approach of Tool Wear and Cutting Force Signature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20M.%20Alaskari">A. M. Alaskari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20E.%20Oraby"> S. E. Oraby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The quality of a machined surface is becoming more and more important to justify the increasing demands of sophisticated component performance, longevity, and reliability. Usually, any machining operation leaves its own characteristic evidence on the machined surface in the form of finely spaced micro irregularities (surface roughness) left by the associated indeterministic characteristics of the different elements of the system: tool-machineworkpart- cutting parameters. However, one of the most influential sources in machining affecting surface roughness is the instantaneous state of tool edge. The main objective of the current work is to relate the in-process immeasurable cutting edge deformation and surface roughness to a more reliable easy-to-measure force signals using a robust non-linear time-dependent modeling regression techniques. Time-dependent modeling is beneficial when modern machining systems, such as adaptive control techniques are considered, where the state of the machined surface and the health of the cutting edge are monitored, assessed and controlled online using realtime information provided by the variability encountered in the measured force signals. Correlation between wear propagation and roughness variation is developed throughout the different edge lifetimes. The surface roughness is further evaluated in the light of the variation in both the static and the dynamic force signals. Consistent correlation is found between surface roughness variation and tool wear progress within its initial and constant regions. At the first few seconds of cutting, expected and well known trend of the effect of the cutting parameters is observed. Surface roughness is positively influenced by the level of the feed rate and negatively by the cutting speed. As cutting continues, roughness is affected, to different extents, by the rather localized wear modes either on the tool nose or on its flank areas. Moreover, it seems that roughness varies as wear attitude transfers from one mode to another and, in general, it is shown that it is improved as wear increases but with possible corresponding workpart dimensional inaccuracy. The dynamic force signals are found reasonably sensitive to simulate either the progressive or the random modes of tool edge deformation. While the frictional force components, feeding and radial, are found informative regarding progressive wear modes, the vertical (power) components is found more representative carrier to system instability resulting from the edge-s random deformation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dynamic%20force%20signals" title="Dynamic force signals">Dynamic force signals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%20roughness%20%28finish%29" title=" surface roughness (finish)"> surface roughness (finish)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tool%20wear%20and%20deformation" title=" tool wear and deformation"> tool wear and deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=tool%20wear%20modes%20%28nose" title=" tool wear modes (nose"> tool wear modes (nose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flank%29" title=" flank)"> flank)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/surface-topography-assessment-techniques-based-on-an-in-process-monitoring-approach-of-tool-wear-and-cutting-force-signature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1851</span> A Systematic Approach for Identifying Turning Center Capabilities with Vertical Machining Center in Milling Operation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Chen">J. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Hundal"> N. Hundal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Conventional machining is a form of subtractive manufacturing, in which a collection of material-working processes utilizing power-driven machine tools are used to remove undesired material to achieve a desired geometry. This paper presents an approach for comparison between turning center and vertical machining center by optimization of cutting parameters at cylindrical workpieces leading to minimum surface roughness by using taguchi methodology. Aluminum alloy was taken to conduct experiments due to its unique high strength-weight ratio that is maintained at elevated temperatures and their exceptional corrosion resistance. During testing, the effects of the cutting parameters on the surface roughness were investigated. Additionally, by using taguchi methodology for each of the cutting parameters (spindle speed, depth of cut, insert diameter, and feed rate) minimum surface roughness for the process of turn-milling was determined according to the cutting parameters. A confirmation experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of taguchi method.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surface%20roughness" title="Surface roughness">Surface roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=taguchi%20parameter%20design" title=" taguchi parameter design"> taguchi parameter design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=turning%20center" title=" turning center"> turning center</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=turn-milling%20operations" title=" turn-milling operations"> turn-milling operations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vertical%20machining%20center." title=" vertical machining center."> vertical machining center.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/a-systematic-approach-for-identifying-turning-center-capabilities-with-vertical-machining-center-in-milling-operation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1850</span> Optimization of Wire EDM Parameters for Fabrication of Micro Channels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gurinder%20Singh%20Brar">Gurinder Singh Brar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sarbjeet%20Singh"> Sarbjeet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Harry%20Garg"> Harry Garg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) is thermal machining process capable of machining very hard electrically conductive material irrespective of their hardness. WEDM is being widely used to machine micro scale parts with the high dimensional accuracy and surface finish. The objective of this paper is to optimize the process parameters of wire EDM to fabricate the micro channels and to calculate the surface finish and material removal rate of micro channels fabricated using wire EDM. The material used is aluminum 6061 alloy. The experiments were performed using CNC wire cut electric discharge machine. The effect of various parameters of WEDM like pulse on time (TON) with the levels (100, 150, 200), pulse off time (TOFF) with the levels (25, 35, 45) and current (IP) with the levels (105, 110, 115) were investigated to study the effect on output parameter i.e. Surface Roughness and Material Removal Rate (MRR). Each experiment was conducted under different conditions of pulse on time, pulse off time and peak current. For material removal rate, TON and Ip were the most significant process parameter. MRR increases with the increase in TON and Ip and decreases with the increase in TOFF. For surface roughness, TON and Ip have the maximum effect and TOFF was found out to be less effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Micro%20Channels" title="Micro Channels">Micro Channels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wire%20Electric%20Discharge%20Machining%0D%0A%28WEDM%29" title=" Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM)"> Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Metal%20Removal%20Rate%20%28MRR%29" title=" Metal Removal Rate (MRR)"> Metal Removal Rate (MRR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Surface%20Finish." title=" Surface Finish."> Surface Finish.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/optimization-of-wire-edm-parameters-for-fabrication-of-micro-channels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2699</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1849</span> In situ Observation of the State and Stability of Hemoglobin Adsorbed onto Glass Surface by Slab Optical Waveguide (SOWG) Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Masayoshi%20Matsui">Masayoshi Matsui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Akiko%20Nakahara"> Akiko Nakahara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Akiko%20Takatsu"> Akiko Takatsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kenji%20Kato"> Kenji Kato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Naoki%20Matsuda"> Naoki Matsuda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The state and stability of hemoglobin adsorbed on the glass surface was investigated using slab optical waveguide (SOWG) spectroscopy. The peak position of the absorption band of hemoglobin adsorbed on the glass surface was same as that of the hemoglobin in solution. This result suggests that no significant denaturation occurred by adsorption. The adsorption of hemoglobin is relatively strong that the hemoglobin molecules even remained adsorbed after rinsing the cell with buffer solution. The peak shift caused by the reduction of adsorbed hemoglobin was also observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=hemoglobin" title="hemoglobin">hemoglobin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reduction" title=" reduction"> reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=slab%20optical%20waveguide%0Aspectroscopy" title=" slab optical waveguide spectroscopy"> slab optical waveguide spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solid%2Fliquid%20interface." title=" solid/liquid interface."> solid/liquid interface.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/in-situ-observation-of-the-state-and-stability-of-hemoglobin-adsorbed-onto-glass-surface-by-slab-optical-waveguide-sowg-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1619</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1848</span> Investigation of the Cooling and Uniformity Effectiveness in a Sinter Packed Bed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Uzu-Kuei%20Hsu">Uzu-Kuei Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chang-Hsien%20Tai"> Chang-Hsien Tai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kai-Wun%20Jin"> Kai-Wun Jin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> When sinters are filled into the cooler from the sintering machine, and the non-uniform distribution of the sinters leads to uneven cooling. This causes the temperature difference of the sinters leaving the cooler to be so large that it results in the conveyors being deformed by the heat. The present work applies CFD method to investigate the thermo flowfield phenomena in a sinter cooler by the Porous Media Model. Using the obtained experimental data to simulate porosity (Ε), permeability (κ), inertial coefficient (F), specific heat (Cp) and effective thermal conductivity (keff) of the sinter packed beds. The physical model is a similar geometry whose Darcy numbers (Da) are similar to the sinter cooler. Using the Cooling Index (CI) and Uniformity Index (UI) to analyze the thermo flowfield in the sinter packed bed obtains the cooling performance of the sinter cooler. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Porous%20media" title="Porous media">Porous media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sinter" title=" sinter"> sinter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cooling%20index" title=" cooling index"> cooling index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=uniformity%20index" title=" uniformity index"> uniformity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CFD." title=" CFD."> CFD.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/investigation-of-the-cooling-and-uniformity-effectiveness-in-a-sinter-packed-bed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004409.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1659</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1847</span> Locating Critical Failure Surface in Rock Slope Stability with Hybrid Model Based on Artificial Immune System and Cellular Learning Automata (CLA-AIS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramin%20Javadzadeh">Ramin Javadzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Emad%20Javadzadeh"> Emad Javadzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Locating the critical slip surface with the minimum factor of safety for a rock slope is a difficult problem. In recent years, some modern global optimization methods have been developed with success in treating various types of problems, but very few of such methods have been applied to rock mechanical problems. In this paper, use of hybrid model based on artificial immune system and cellular learning automata is proposed. The results show that the algorithm is an effective and efficient optimization method with a high level of confidence rate.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CLA-AIS" title="CLA-AIS">CLA-AIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=failure%20surface" title=" failure surface"> failure surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimization%20methods" title=" optimization methods"> optimization methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rock%20slope." title=" rock slope."> rock slope.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/locating-critical-failure-surface-in-rock-slope-stability-with-hybrid-model-based-on-artificial-immune-system-and-cellular-learning-automata-cla-ais" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2011</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1846</span> Finite Element Simulation of Deep Drawing Process to Minimize Earing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pawan%20S.%20Nagda">Pawan S. Nagda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Purnank%20S.%20Bhatt"> Purnank S. Bhatt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mit%20K.%20Shah"> Mit K. Shah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Earing defect in drawing process is highly undesirable not only because it adds on an additional trimming operation but also because the uneven material flow demands extra care. The objective of this work is to study the earing problem in the Deep Drawing of circular cup and to optimize the blank shape to reduce the earing. A finite element model is developed for 3-D numerical simulation of cup forming process in ABAQUS. Extra-deep-drawing (EDD) steel sheet has been used for simulation. Properties and tool design parameters were used as input for simulation. Earing was observed in the simulated cup and it was measured at various angles with respect to rolling direction. To reduce the earing defect initial blank shape was modified with the help of anisotropy coefficient. Modified blanks showed notable reduction in earing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20element%20simulation" title="Finite element simulation">Finite element simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=deep%20drawing" title=" deep drawing"> deep drawing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=earing" title=" earing"> earing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=anisotropy." title=" anisotropy."> anisotropy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/finite-element-simulation-of-deep-drawing-process-to-minimize-earing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006536.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1993</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1845</span> The Automated Soil Erosion Monitoring System (ASEMS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=George%20N.%20Zaimes">George N. Zaimes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Valasia%20Iakovoglou"> Valasia Iakovoglou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Paschalis%20Koutalakis"> Paschalis Koutalakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Konstantinos%20Ioannou"> Konstantinos Ioannou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ioannis%20Kosmadakis"> Ioannis Kosmadakis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Panagiotis%20Tsardaklis"> Panagiotis Tsardaklis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Theodoros%20Laopoulos"> Theodoros Laopoulos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The advancements in technology allow the development of a new system that can continuously measure surface soil erosion. Continuous soil erosion measurements are required in order to comprehend the erosional processes and propose effective and efficient conservation measures to mitigate surface erosion. Mitigating soil erosion, especially in Mediterranean countries such as Greece, is essential in order to maintain environmental and agricultural sustainability. In this paper, we present the Automated Soil Erosion Monitoring System (ASEMS) that measures surface soil erosion along with other factors that impact erosional process. Specifically, this system measures ground level changes (surface soil erosion), rainfall, air temperature, soil temperature, and soil moisture. Another important innovation is that the data will be collected by remote communication. In addition, stakeholder鈥檚 awareness is a key factor to help reduce any environmental problem. The different dissemination activities that were utilized are described. The overall outcomes were the development of a new innovative system that can measure erosion very accurately. These data from the system help study the process of erosion and find the best possible methods to reduce erosion. The dissemination activities enhance the stakeholders and public's awareness on surface soil erosion problems and will lead to the adoption of more effective soil erosion conservation practices in Greece. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Soil%20management" title="Soil management">Soil management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=new%20technologies" title=" new technologies"> new technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=conservation%20practices." title=" conservation practices."> conservation practices.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/the-automated-soil-erosion-monitoring-system-asems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10002720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1844</span> Nonlinear Integral-Type Sliding Surface for Synchronization of Chaotic Systems with Unknown Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hongji%20Tang">Hongji Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yanbo%20Gao"> Yanbo Gao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yue%20Yu"> Yue Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents a new nonlinear integral-type sliding surface for synchronizing two different chaotic systems with parametric uncertainty. On the basis of Lyapunov theorem and average dwelling time method, we obtain the control gains of controllers which are derived to achieve chaos synchronization. In order to reduce the gains, the error system is modeled as a switching system. We obtain the sufficient condition drawn for the robust stability of the error dynamics by stability analysis. Then we apply it to guide the design of the controllers. Finally, numerical examples are used to show the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chaos%20synchronization" title="Chaos synchronization">Chaos synchronization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinear%20sliding%20surface" title=" Nonlinear sliding surface"> Nonlinear sliding surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Control%20gains" title=" Control gains"> Control gains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sliding%20mode%20control." title=" Sliding mode control. "> Sliding mode control. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997424/nonlinear-integral-type-sliding-surface-for-synchronization-of-chaotic-systems-with-unknown-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997424/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997424/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997424/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997424/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997424/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997424/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> 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