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<span>Appearances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Appearances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationship_to_the_Amduat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_to_the_Amduat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Relationship to the Amduat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_to_the_Amduat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Hours_of_the_Book_of_Gates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Hours_of_the_Book_of_Gates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>The Hours of the Book of Gates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Hours_of_the_Book_of_Gates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Fourth_Division_of_the_Fifth_Hour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Fourth_Division_of_the_Fifth_Hour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>The Fourth Division of the Fifth Hour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Fourth_Division_of_the_Fifth_Hour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> 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href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="كتاب البوابات – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كتاب البوابات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%87" title="দরজাসমূহের বই – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="দরজাসমূহের বই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llibre_de_les_Portes" title="Llibre de les Portes – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llibre de les Portes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfortenbuch" title="Pfortenbuch – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pfortenbuch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libro_de_las_Puertas" title="Libro de las Puertas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Libro de las Puertas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ateen_Liburua" title="Ateen Liburua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ateen Liburua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7" title="کتاب دروازه‌ها – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتاب دروازه‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livre_des_Portes" title="Livre des Portes – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Livre des Portes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%80%EB%AC%B8%EC%9D%98_%EC%84%9C" title="관문의 서 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="관문의 서" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%A3%D5%AB%D6%80%D6%84" title="Դարպասների գիրք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դարպասների գիրք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hli%C3%B0ab%C3%B3kin" title="Hliðabókin – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hliðabókin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libro_delle_Porte" title="Libro delle Porte – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Libro delle Porte" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ספר השערים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ספר השערים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="كتاب البوابات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كتاب البوابات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab_Gerbang" title="Kitab Gerbang – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kitab Gerbang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boek_der_Poorten" title="Boek der Poorten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Boek der Poorten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ksi%C4%99ga_Bram" title="Księga Bram – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Księga Bram" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartea_Por%C8%9Bilor" title="Cartea Porților – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cartea Porților" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Книга врат – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Книга врат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knjiga_vrat" title="Knjiga vrat – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Knjiga vrat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#decd87;;padding-top:0.4em;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian religion">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#decd87;;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion"><span class="nowrap">Ancient Egyptian</span> religion</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eye_of_Horus_bw.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eye of Horus"><img alt="Eye of Horus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Eye_of_Horus_bw.svg/90px-Eye_of_Horus_bw.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Eye_of_Horus_bw.svg/135px-Eye_of_Horus_bw.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Eye_of_Horus_bw.svg/180px-Eye_of_Horus_bw.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Beliefs</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_afterlife_beliefs" title="Ancient Egyptian afterlife beliefs">Afterlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_creation_myths" title="Ancient Egyptian creation myths">Creation myths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isfet_(Egyptian_mythology)" title="Isfet (Egyptian mythology)">Isfet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maat" title="Maat">Maat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maa_Kheru" title="Maa Kheru">Maa Kheru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_mythology" title="Egyptian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numbers_in_Egyptian_mythology" title="Numbers in Egyptian mythology">Numerology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osiris_myth" title="Osiris myth">Osiris myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_philosophy" title="Ancient Egyptian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_conception_of_the_soul" title="Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul">Soul</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Practices</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canopic_jar" title="Canopic jar">Canopic jars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ritual_of_Embalming_Papyrus" title="The Ritual of Embalming Papyrus">Embalming ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_funerary_practices" title="Ancient Egyptian funerary practices">Funerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortuary_temple" title="Mortuary temple">Mortuary temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_offering_formula" title="Ancient Egyptian offering formula">Offering formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opening_of_the_mouth_ceremony" title="Opening of the mouth ceremony">Opening of the mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_pyramids" title="Egyptian pyramids">Pyramids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_temple" title="Egyptian temple">Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_the_dead" title="Veneration of the dead">Veneration of the dead</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_pantheon" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian pantheon">Deities</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Egyptian_deities" title="List of Egyptian deities">list</a>)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" aria-label="Navbox"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ogdoad_(Egyptian)" title="Ogdoad (Egyptian)">Ogdoad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amunet" title="Amunet">Amunet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heh_(god)" title="Heh (god)">Heh and Hauhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kek_(mythology)" title="Kek (mythology)">Kek and Kauket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_(mythology)" title="Nu (mythology)">Nu and Naunet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ennead" title="Ennead">Ennead</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atum" title="Atum">Atum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geb" title="Geb">Geb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isis" title="Isis">Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephthys" title="Nephthys">Nephthys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(goddess)" title="Nut (goddess)">Nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osiris" title="Osiris">Osiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_(deity)" title="Set (deity)">Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_(Egyptian_god)" title="Shu (Egyptian god)">Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tefnut" title="Tefnut">Tefnut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Triad_(religion)" title="Triad (religion)">Triads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theban_Triad" title="Theban Triad">Theban Triad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephantine#Elephantine_triad" title="Elephantine">Elephantine Triad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>A</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aani" title="Aani">Aani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aati" title="Aati">Aati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abtu" title="Abtu">Abtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari#Death_and_deification" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aker_(deity)" title="Aker (deity)">Aker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhty_(deity)" title="Akhty (deity)">Akhty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I#Funerary_cult" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep,_son_of_Hapu#Legacy" title="Amenhotep, son of Hapu">Amenhotep, son of Hapu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amesemi" title="Amesemi">Amesemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am-heh" title="Am-heh">Am-heh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammit" title="Ammit">Ammit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amu-Aa" title="Amu-Aa">Amu-Aa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anat" title="Anat">Anat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andjety" title="Andjety">Andjety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anhur" title="Anhur">Anhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anput" title="Anput">Anput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anubis" title="Anubis">Anubis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuket" title="Anuket">Anuket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apedemak" title="Apedemak">Apedemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apep" title="Apep">Apep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apesh" title="Apesh">Apesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apis_(deity)" title="Apis (deity)">Apis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqen" title="Aqen">Aqen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arensnuphis" title="Arensnuphis">Arensnuphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_(deity)" title="Ash (deity)">Ash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assessors_of_Maat" title="Assessors of Maat">Assessors of Maat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astarte" title="Astarte">Astarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a></li></ul> <p><b>B</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baal" title="Baal">Baal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baalat_Gebal" title="Baalat Gebal">Baalat Gebal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babi_(mythology)" title="Babi (mythology)">Babi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banebdjedet" title="Banebdjedet">Banebdjedet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba-Pef" title="Ba-Pef">Ba-Pef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastet" title="Bastet">Bastet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_(goddess)" title="Bat (goddess)">Bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bata_(god)" title="Bata (god)">Bata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennu" title="Bennu">Bennu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bes" title="Bes">Bes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beset" class="mw-redirect" title="Beset">Beset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchis" title="Buchis">Buchis</a></li></ul> <p><b>C</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cavern_deities_of_the_underworld" title="Cavern deities of the underworld">Cavern deities of the underworld</a></li></ul> <p><b>D</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dedun" title="Dedun">Dedun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus-Osiris" title="Dionysus-Osiris">Dionysus-Osiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djed#As_deity" title="Djed">Djed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedefhor" title="Djedefhor">Djedefhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duamutef" class="mw-redirect" title="Duamutef">Duamutef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duau_(god)" title="Duau (god)">Duau</a></li></ul> <p><b>G</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gate_deities_of_the_underworld" title="Gate deities of the underworld">Gate deities of the underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gengen-Wer" title="Gengen-Wer">Gengen-Wer</a></li></ul> <p><b>H</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ha_(mythology)" title="Ha (mythology)">Ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapi_(Nile_god)" title="Hapi (Nile god)">Hapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_sons_of_Horus" title="Four sons of Horus">Hapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmachis" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmachis">Harmachis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpocrates" title="Harpocrates">Harpocrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harsomtus" title="Harsomtus">Harsomtus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatmehit" title="Hatmehit">Hatmehit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauron" title="Hauron">Hauron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedetet" title="Hedetet">Hedetet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedjhotep" title="Hedjhotep">Hedjhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heka_(god)" title="Heka (god)">Heka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemen" title="Hemen">Hemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemsut" title="Hemsut">Hemsut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henet" title="Henet">Henet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heqaib#Legacy" title="Heqaib">Heqaib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heqet" title="Heqet">Heqet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermanubis" title="Hermanubis">Hermanubis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heru-ur" class="mw-redirect" title="Heru-ur">Heru-ur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heryshaf" title="Heryshaf">Heryshaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesat" title="Hesat">Hesat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_(mythology)" title="Hu (mythology)">Hu</a></li></ul> <p><b>I</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iabet" title="Iabet">Iabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iah" title="Iah">Iah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iat" title="Iat">Iat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igai_(deity)" title="Igai (deity)">Igai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihy" title="Ihy">Ihy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikhemu-sek" title="Ikhemu-sek">Ikhemu-sek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imentet" title="Imentet">Imentet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imhotep#Deification" title="Imhotep">Imhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imsety" class="mw-redirect" title="Imsety">Imsety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipy_(goddess)" title="Ipy (goddess)">Ipy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irer" title="Irer">Irer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishtar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishtar">Ishtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iunit" title="Iunit">Iunit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iusaaset" title="Iusaaset">Iusaaset</a></li></ul> <p><b>J</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Ammon" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter Ammon">Jupiter Ammon</a></li></ul> <p><b>K</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kagemni_I" title="Kagemni I">Kagemni I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebechet" title="Kebechet">Kebechet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khensit" title="Khensit">Khensit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khenti-Amentiu" title="Khenti-Amentiu">Khenti-Amentiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khenti-kheti" title="Khenti-kheti">Khenti-kheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khepri" title="Khepri">Khepri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khereduankh" title="Khereduankh">Khereduankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherty" title="Kherty">Kherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khnum" title="Khnum">Khnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khonsu" title="Khonsu">Khonsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneph" title="Kneph">Kneph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolanthes" title="Kolanthes">Kolanthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothar-wa-Khasis" title="Kothar-wa-Khasis">Kothar-wa-Khasis</a></li></ul> <p><b>M</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maahes" title="Maahes">Maahes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maat" title="Maat">Maat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafdet" title="Mafdet">Mafdet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandulis" title="Mandulis">Mandulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medjed" title="Medjed">Medjed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehen" title="Mehen">Mehen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehet-Weret" title="Mehet-Weret">Mehet-Weret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehit" title="Mehit">Mehit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhit" title="Menhit">Menhit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meret" title="Meret">Meret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meretseger" title="Meretseger">Meretseger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhenet" title="Meskhenet">Meskhenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min_(god)" title="Min (god)">Min</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnevis" title="Mnevis">Mnevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montu" title="Montu">Montu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mut" title="Mut">Mut</a></li></ul> <p><b>N</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nebethetepet" title="Nebethetepet">Nebethetepet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebtuwi" title="Nebtuwi">Nebtuwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefertem" title="Nefertem">Nefertem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehebkau" title="Nehebkau">Nehebkau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehmetawy" title="Nehmetawy">Nehmetawy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neith" title="Neith">Neith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekhbet" title="Nekhbet">Nekhbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemty" title="Nemty">Nemty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neper_(mythology)" title="Neper (mythology)">Neper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neper_(mythology)" title="Neper (mythology)">Nepit</a></li></ul> <p><b>P</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakhet" title="Pakhet">Pakhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perit_(goddess)" title="Perit (goddess)">Perit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petbe" title="Petbe">Petbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptah" title="Ptah">Ptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptahhotep" title="Ptahhotep">Ptahhotep</a></li></ul> <p><b>Q</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qebehsenuef" class="mw-redirect" title="Qebehsenuef">Qebehsenuef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qebui" title="Qebui">Qebui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qed-her" title="Qed-her">Qed-her</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qetesh" title="Qetesh">Qetesh</a></li></ul> <p><b>R</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raet-Tawy" title="Raet-Tawy">Raet-Tawy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekhyt#Deity" title="Rekhyt">Rekhyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rem_(mythology)" title="Rem (mythology)">Rem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renenutet" title="Renenutet">Renenutet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renpet" title="Renpet">Renpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renpetneferet" title="Renpetneferet">Renpetneferet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repyt" title="Repyt">Repyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resheph" title="Resheph">Resheph</a></li></ul> <p><b>S</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sah_(god)" title="Sah (god)">Sah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satis_(goddess)" title="Satis (goddess)">Satis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebiumeker" title="Sebiumeker">Sebiumeker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedjem" title="Sedjem">Sedjem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seker" title="Seker">Seker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhmet" title="Sekhmet">Sekhmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serapis" title="Serapis">Serapis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serket" title="Serket">Serket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seshat" title="Seshat">Seshat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shai" title="Shai">Shai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shed_(deity)" title="Shed (deity)">Shed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shesmetet" title="Shesmetet">Shesmetet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shezmu" title="Shezmu">Shezmu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sia_(god)" title="Sia (god)">Sia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobek" title="Sobek">Sobek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopdet" title="Sopdet">Sopdet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopdu" title="Sopdu">Sopdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souls_of_Pe_and_Nekhen" title="Souls of Pe and Nekhen">Souls of Pe and Nekhen</a></li></ul> <p><b>T</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ta-Bitjet" title="Ta-Bitjet">Ta-Bitjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatenen" title="Tatenen">Tatenen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taweret" title="Taweret">Taweret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayt" title="Tayt">Tayt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teka-her" title="Teka-her">Teka-her</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoth" title="Thoth">Thoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjenenyet" title="Tjenenyet">Tjenenyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutu_(Egyptian_god)" title="Tutu (Egyptian god)">Tutu</a></li></ul> <p><b>U</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unut" title="Unut">Unut</a></li></ul> <p><b>W</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wadjet" title="Wadjet">Wadjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadj-wer" title="Wadj-wer">Wadj-wer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weneg_(Egyptian_deity)" title="Weneg (Egyptian deity)">Weneg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wepset" title="Wepset">Wepset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wepwawet" title="Wepwawet">Wepwawet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werethekau" title="Werethekau">Werethekau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wosret" title="Wosret">Wosret</a></li></ul> <p><b>Y</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yam_(god)" title="Yam (god)">Yam</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Egyptian_legendary_creatures" title="Category:Egyptian legendary creatures">Creatures</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhekh" title="Akhekh">Akhekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx#Egypt" title="Sphinx">Criosphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffin" title="Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieracosphinx" title="Hieracosphinx">Hieracosphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medjed_(fish)" title="Medjed (fish)">Medjed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serpopard" title="Serpopard">Serpopard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_animal" title="Set animal">Set animal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uraeus" title="Uraeus">Uraeus</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Characters</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dedi" title="Dedi">Dedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djadjaemankh" title="Djadjaemankh">Djadjaemankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rededjet" title="Rededjet">Rededjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaoner" title="Ubaoner">Ubaoner</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Locations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aaru" title="Aaru">Aaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhet_(hieroglyph)" title="Akhet (hieroglyph)">Akhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benben" title="Benben">Benben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duat" title="Duat">Duat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Manu" title="Land of Manu">Land of Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Indestructibles" title="The Indestructibles">The Indestructibles</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_symbols" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian symbols">Symbols and objects</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ankh" title="Ankh">Ankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anra_scarab" title="Anra scarab">Anra scarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atef" title="Atef">Atef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartouche" title="Cartouche">Cartouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowroid" title="Cowroid">Cowroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_mummy" title="Corn mummy">Corn mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crook_and_flail" title="Crook and flail">Crook and flail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_justification" title="Crown of justification">Crown of justification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deshret" title="Deshret">Deshret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djed" title="Djed">Djed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_obelisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian obelisk">Egyptian obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_pool" title="Egyptian pool">Egyptian pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_of_Horus" title="Eye of Horus">Eye of Horus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_of_Ra" title="Eye of Ra">Eye of Ra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedjet" title="Hedjet">Hedjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemhem_crown" title="Hemhem crown">Hemhem crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennu" title="Hennu">Hennu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horus_on_the_Crocodiles" title="Horus on the Crocodiles">Horus on the Crocodiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypocephalus" title="Hypocephalus">Hypocephalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imiut_fetish" title="Imiut fetish">Imiut fetish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khepresh" title="Khepresh">Khepresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneph" title="Kneph">Kneph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menat" title="Menat">Menat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modius_(headdress)" title="Modius (headdress)">Modius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebu" title="Nebu">Nebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemes" title="Nemes">Nemes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neshmet" title="Neshmet">Neshmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">Ouroboros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pschent" title="Pschent">Pschent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarab_(artifact)" title="Scarab (artifact)">Scarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seqtet_boat" class="mw-redirect" title="Seqtet boat">Seqtet boat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serekh" title="Serekh">Serekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_ring" title="Shen ring">Shen ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_barque" title="Solar barque">Solar barque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyet" title="Tyet">Tyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ushabti" title="Ushabti">Ushabti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulture_crown" title="Vulture crown">Vulture crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Was-sceptre" title="Was-sceptre">Was-sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_sun#Ancient_Egypt" title="Winged sun">Winged sun</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_texts" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian texts">Writings</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amduat" title="Amduat">Amduat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Breathing" title="Books of Breathing">Books of Breathing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Caverns" title="Book of Caverns">Book of Caverns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Dead" title="Book of the Dead">Book of the Dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Earth" title="Book of the Earth">Book of the Earth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Book of Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Heavenly_Cow" title="Book of the Heavenly Cow">Book of the Heavenly Cow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Traversing_Eternity" title="Book of Traversing Eternity">Book of Traversing Eternity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffin_Texts" title="Coffin Texts">Coffin Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Contendings_of_Horus_and_Seth" title="The Contendings of Horus and Seth">The Contendings of Horus and Seth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enigmatic_Book_of_the_Netherworld" class="mw-redirect" title="Enigmatic Book of the Netherworld">Enigmatic Book of the Netherworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Songs_of_Isis_and_Nephthys" title="Festival Songs of Isis and Nephthys">Festival Songs of Isis and Nephthys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Hymn_to_the_Aten" title="Great Hymn to the Aten">Great Hymn to the Aten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_the_Eye_of_Horus" title="Litany of the Eye of Horus">Litany of the Eye of Horus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_Re" title="Litany of Re">Litany of Re</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_Texts" title="Pyramid Texts">Pyramid Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spell_of_the_Twelve_Caves" title="Spell of the Twelve Caves">Spell of the Twelve Caves</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_ancient_Egypt" title="Category:Festivals in ancient Egypt">Festivals</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Festival_of_the_Valley" title="Beautiful Festival of the Valley">Beautiful Festival of the Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cattle_count" title="Cattle count">Cattle count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_pharaoh" title="Coronation of the pharaoh">Coronation of the pharaoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min_festival" title="Min festival">Min festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Osiris" title="Mysteries of Osiris">Mysteries of Osiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opet_Festival" title="Opet Festival">Opet Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sed_festival" title="Sed festival">Sed festival</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#decd87;;border:1px solid #decd87;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related religions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Most_High_Goddess" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of the Most High Goddess">Church of the Most High Goddess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemetic_Orthodoxy" title="Kemetic Orthodoxy">Kemetic Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemetism" title="Kemetism">Kemetism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Set" title="Temple of Set">Temple of Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:transparent;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pyramidi_aavikolla.png/16px-Pyramidi_aavikolla.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pyramidi_aavikolla.png/24px-Pyramidi_aavikolla.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pyramidi_aavikolla.png/32px-Pyramidi_aavikolla.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ancient_Egypt" title="Portal:Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Template:Ancient Egyptian religion"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Template talk:Ancient Egyptian religion"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient Egyptian religion"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Book of Gates</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_funerary_texts" title="Ancient Egyptian funerary texts">ancient Egyptian funerary text</a> dating from the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hornung_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hornung-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Book of Gates</i> is long and detailed, consisting of one hundred scenes.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It narrates the passage of a newly deceased <a href="/wiki/Soul_(spirit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soul (spirit)">soul</a> into the next world journeying with the sun god, <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a>, through the <a href="/wiki/Duat" title="Duat">underworld</a> during the hours of the night towards his resurrection. The soul is required to pass through a series of 'gates' at each hour of the journey. Each gate is guarded by a different serpent deity that is associated with <a href="/wiki/Gate_deities_of_the_underworld" title="Gate deities of the underworld">a different goddess</a>. It is important that the deceased knows the names of each guardian. Depictions of the judgment of the dead are shown in the last three hours. The text implies that some people will pass through unharmed, but others will suffer torment in a lake of fire. At the end of Ra's journey through the underworld, he emerges anew to take his place back in the sky.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book_of_Gates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ra on the Solar barque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra.jpg/220px-Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra.jpg/330px-Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra.jpg/440px-Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="325" /></a><figcaption>Ra traveling through the underworld in his barque, from the copy of the Book of Gates in the tomb of Ramses I (<a href="/wiki/KV16" title="KV16">KV16</a>).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grabmalereien.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Grabmalereien.jpg/220px-Grabmalereien.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Grabmalereien.jpg/330px-Grabmalereien.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Grabmalereien.jpg/440px-Grabmalereien.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="565" /></a><figcaption>Part of a scene of the fourth hour of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_the_Gates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Book of the Gates (page does not exist)">Book of the Gates</a> from <a href="/wiki/KV2" title="KV2">KV</a>, tomb of <a href="/wiki/Rameses_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Rameses IV">Rameses IV</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The text was not named by the Egyptians. It was named by French Egyptologist <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Maspero" title="Gaston Maspero">Gaston Maspero</a> who called it 'Livre des Portes' (Book of Gates). Many scholars have studied, deciphered, and translated the book from <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Champollion" title="Jean-François Champollion">Jean-Francois Champollion</a> to <a href="/wiki/Erik_Hornung" title="Erik Hornung">Erik Hornung</a> and Alexander Piankoff, the latter two being the ones to create the designation of hours and divisions, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-Dunn_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Theban_Mapping_Project-2020_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Theban_Mapping_Project-2020-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was discovered in tombs of the <a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt">19th</a> and <a href="/wiki/20th_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="20th dynasty">20th Dynasties</a>, but the earliest known appearance is in that of Horemheb in the <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">18th Dynasty</a>, though this version is incomplete.<sup id="cite_ref-Dunn_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to its appearance in Horemheb's tomb, the <i>Amduat</i> was the commonly used funeral text among royals in their tombs.<sup id="cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardir-2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appearances">Appearances</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Appearances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KV9_Tomb_of_Ramses_V-VI_DSCF2767.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KV9_Tomb_of_Ramses_V-VI_DSCF2767.jpg/220px-KV9_Tomb_of_Ramses_V-VI_DSCF2767.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KV9_Tomb_of_Ramses_V-VI_DSCF2767.jpg/330px-KV9_Tomb_of_Ramses_V-VI_DSCF2767.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/KV9_Tomb_of_Ramses_V-VI_DSCF2767.jpg/440px-KV9_Tomb_of_Ramses_V-VI_DSCF2767.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/KV9" title="KV9">KV9</a>, Tomb of Ramses V-VI. Fourth corridor, decoration on left wall: ninth division of the Book of Gates.</figcaption></figure> <p>Various scenes from the <i>Book of Gates</i> have been depicted in many tombs from the New Kingdom ranging from <a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a> (d.c. 1295 BC) to <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VII" title="Ramesses VII">Ramesses VII</a> (d.c. 1130 BC). <a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a> has the first complete inscription decorating his <a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus" title="Sarcophagus">sarcophagus</a>, as well as the first half of the book decorating the pillared halls of his tomb.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Horemheb has the earliest depictions of the <i>Book</i> decorating the walls of his tomb. The second through sixth hours are on the wall of his burial chamber. This was significant because it broke the traditional use of the <i>Amduat</i> usually displayed on walls of burial chambers prior to Horemheb.<sup id="cite_ref-Dunn_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Theban_Mapping_Project-2020_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Theban_Mapping_Project-2020-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In many of the tombs, partial scenes from the <i>Book of Gates</i> are inscribed on the pillared walls, like in <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a>’s tomb. Other kings, like Ramesses VII, only had selections from the hours depicted in their tombs.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book_of_Gates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They also appear in the <a href="/wiki/TT1" title="TT1">tomb</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sennedjem" title="Sennedjem">Sennedjem</a>, a worker in the village of <a href="/wiki/Deir_el-Medina" title="Deir el-Medina">Deir el-Medina</a>, the ancient village of artists and craftsmen who built pharaonic tombs in the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a>, and in the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Tjanefer" title="Tjanefer">Tjanefer</a>, a priest of <a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book_of_Gates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Book</i> was less popular to display in tombs of people of non-royal lineage. They tended to depict the <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Dead" title="Book of the Dead">Book of the Dead</a></i> but it wasn't uncommon to find the <i>Book of Gates</i> alongside it. In some cases, only a few scenes were depicted interspersed with the <i>Book of the Dead</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book_of_Gates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dunn_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relationship_to_the_Amduat">Relationship to the Amduat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Relationship to the Amduat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Closely related to the <i>Book of Gates</i> is the <i>Book of <a href="/wiki/Amduat" title="Amduat">Amduat</a> (also known as The Book of the Hidden Chambers)</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which also follows Ra's journey through the underworld but with some differences. It accompanies the <i>Book of Gates</i> in many tombs because it is a guide to the deceased's souls journey and the deities it will encounter in the Underworld. According to Mohamed Ragheb Dardir, the main difference between the books' purpose is that the <i>Book of Gates</i> acts as a guide about the dangers that the deceased soul will encounter and what must be done to pass through each gate in order to be resurrected. It is believed the books are both often depicted in tombs because on their own, they are not a sufficient guide for the soul to complete its journey with Ra.<sup id="cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardir-2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The biggest difference between the <i>Book of Gates</i> and <i>Amduat</i> are the serpent gate deities guarding the doorway for each hour. These doorways and serpents are named throughout the journey and need to be named in order to cross into the next hour. On the other side of each door are two more guardians and <a href="/wiki/Uraeus" title="Uraeus">uraei</a> that emit fire.<sup id="cite_ref-Dunn_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Book of Going Forth by Day also</i> contains similar doorways in the underworld.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> The gods that make up the crew of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_barque" title="Solar barque">solar barque</a> are different between the <i>Amduat</i> and <i>the Book of Gates.</i> In the <i>Amduat</i>, the solar barque is larger, whereas in <i>Book of Gates,</i> the crew is made up of only <a href="/wiki/Heka_(god)" title="Heka (god)">Heka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sia_(god)" title="Sia (god)">Sia</a>. These are the only two who are in the boat with Ra along the entire journey through the underworld.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_of_Gates,_4th_Division,_5th_Hour,_Tomb_of_Seti_I_with_Eng.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division%2C_5th_Hour%2C_Tomb_of_Seti_I_with_Eng.png/250px-Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division%2C_5th_Hour%2C_Tomb_of_Seti_I_with_Eng.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division%2C_5th_Hour%2C_Tomb_of_Seti_I_with_Eng.png/375px-Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division%2C_5th_Hour%2C_Tomb_of_Seti_I_with_Eng.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division%2C_5th_Hour%2C_Tomb_of_Seti_I_with_Eng.png/500px-Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division%2C_5th_Hour%2C_Tomb_of_Seti_I_with_Eng.png 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="462" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of figures from The Fourth Division of the Fifth Hour at the Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a> depicting: an Egyptian, Asiatic, Nubian and Libyan.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Hours_of_the_Book_of_Gates">The Hours of the Book of Gates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Hours of the Book of Gates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The hours of the <i>Book of Gates</i> follow Ra's journey across the underworld during the 12 hours of the night. Ra leads the deceased soul through a series of gates to reach his resurrection. The soul must get past each gate deity by knowing their name and attributes. The Book of Gates is a series of one hundred images broken into three registers for each hour depicting the journey. Each image is accompanied by text describing the details of each register.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardir-2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of each hour, the deceased soul encounters a ‘gate’ guarded by a serpent deity that they must know the names and characteristics of in order to pass through unharmed. </p><p><b>Hour 1:</b> This is Ra's arrival into the underworld and greeted by the “gods of the west” which refers to the Western Horizon. This scene depicts Ra in the scarab god form of Kephri who is surrounded by a snake god for protection on his solar barque. The solar barque is sailing through the mountains depicted in the scene. There are also images of standards, one with a jackal head and one with a ram, held by bearded gods <a href="/wiki/Set_(deity)" title="Set (deity)">Set</a> and Tat.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This hour is different from the others because it is the only scene where Ra and the deceased soul are not in the underworld. </p><p><b>Hour 2:</b> Once the boat passes between the Western Mountain, it reaches the door to the second division. This door is guarded by the serpent Saa-Set. The door itself is named Watcher of the Desert. The accompanying texts speaks of the darkness beyond the door until the god manifests in his godly form. Surrounding the boat are bound men guarded by Atum. The text refers to these men as ‘damned’ and ‘blessed’ by Ra, where they are to either take their place in the afterlife (the blessed) or be destroyed by the serpent (the damned). The blessed make offerings to the doorway of the serpent named Winding One, guarding the next door.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardir-2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 3:</b> Just beyond the door, named Piercing of Embers,” are twelve mummies who are protected by a fire-breathing snake at the front and back of the corridor. Ra demands the fire penetrate the dark corridor where it illuminates a Lake of Fire that the mummies are surrounding. The solar barque crosses the lake and the other side, Ra calls for the mummies to unwrap themselves and a be given breath and offerings for pulling the solar barque. The accompanying texts states Ra asks for safe passage across the lake of fire for the worthy blessed souls. Once the boat reaches the next gateway, the entire scene is drenched in darkness again.<sup id="cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardir-2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 4:</b> Once through the gate, Ra is bathed in darkness. The bark is pulled along by four gods until it reaches building containing nine shrines that contain nine mummified gods. These are the ‘gods who follow Osiris, who are in their abodes.’ These gods protect the <i><a href="/wiki/Ba_(Egyptian_soul)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ba (Egyptian soul)">ba</a></i>. In front of this shine house are two groups of six goddesses guarding a hill to land, on the left, and one to water, on the right, separated by a giant serpent. The land on the left shows Osiris mummified, behind Osiris are twelve gods guarding pits of fire. The right path over water is the Lake of Life.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_tombe_de_Horemheb_(KV.57)_(Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest)_-6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tomb of Horemheb, wall Book of Gates 5th division depiction" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/La_tombe_de_Horemheb_%28KV.57%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_-6.jpg/220px-La_tombe_de_Horemheb_%28KV.57%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_-6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/La_tombe_de_Horemheb_%28KV.57%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_-6.jpg/330px-La_tombe_de_Horemheb_%28KV.57%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_-6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/La_tombe_de_Horemheb_%28KV.57%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_-6.jpg/440px-La_tombe_de_Horemheb_%28KV.57%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_-6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>On the wall, evocation of the 5th division of the Book of Gates: the court of Osiris.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Hour 5:</b> This is the Judgement of Osiris scene. The solar barque is pulled along by the four gods of the <a href="/wiki/Duat" title="Duat">Tuat</a> (<i>duat</i> or underworld). They are pulling the bark towards nine gods holding a long serpent named Ennutchi who is the god <a href="/wiki/Apep" title="Apep">Apep</a>. In front of these nine gods are twelve additional gods deemed “the souls of the men who are in the Tuat.” Ra instructs these gods to attack the serpent so it is not able to travel through the gateway. In the next sequence of the scene Horus is depicted presiding over the men the four ethnicities of man: Egyptian, Asiatics, Nubian, Libyans (sixteen in total). These groups represent how all are welcoming in the afterlife. Horus grants protection of the men and gives them offerings. There is another gateway which leads to the Judgement Hall of Osiris. This is where Osiris weighs the soul of the deceased against evil.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardir-2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Enemies_bound_to_jackal-headed_pillar_(KV11).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="7th hour, Jackal headed pillar, Tomb KV11, Tomb of Ramses III" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Enemies_bound_to_jackal-headed_pillar_%28KV11%29.jpg/220px-Enemies_bound_to_jackal-headed_pillar_%28KV11%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Enemies_bound_to_jackal-headed_pillar_%28KV11%29.jpg/330px-Enemies_bound_to_jackal-headed_pillar_%28KV11%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Enemies_bound_to_jackal-headed_pillar_%28KV11%29.jpg/440px-Enemies_bound_to_jackal-headed_pillar_%28KV11%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="332" /></a><figcaption>Book of Gates, sixth division (P)/seventh hour (H), middle register, scene 45: enemies bound to jackal-headed pillar. Scene from tomb of <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_III" title="Ramesses III">Ramses III</a>. (<a href="/wiki/KV11" title="KV11">KV11</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Hour 6:</b> Once he has been judged, Ra passes through the gateway. There, Ra is rejoined with his <i>ba.</i> In this scene we see mummies with tridents protecting Ra from the serpent Apep as he is reuniting with his <i>ba</i>. As Ra rejoins his <i>ba</i> he breathes life into the mummies that guard him, granting them their resurrection. At the end of the scene Ra is casts his enemies into the flames of the Lake of Fire.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 7:</b> Ra passes through the gate guarded by "One Who Seizes with His Eye." In this scene Ra comes before twelve men who carry <i>ma ’at</i> feathers depicting they have been judged to be true and good. These twelve are offered libations for the afterlife. It is also depicted that those that were judged to be evil are tied to jackal-headed stakes of <a href="/wiki/Geb" title="Geb">Geb</a>, awaiting their punishment. The scene also shows those that have been judged as true tending to fields of grain with Ra presiding over them. This represents the manifestation of a bountiful harvest year in the upperworld.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 8:</b> The next gate Ra passes is guarded by nine gods just inside the door. The serpent guarding the door is named “Closed of Eye.” Through the door, Ra is greeted with deities holding a long rope from Aken. These rope bearers bring forth the hours of the day. They tie up Aken and give praise to Ra.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 9:</b> Ra passes through the gateway guarded by “Flaming of Face.” The doorway itself is named “Glowing One.” Passed the door Ra comes to an Island of fire and the Waters of Nun which has people floating in it, they will be restored and given breathe when they emerge. The island of fire is depicted for Horus to burn those that he has condemned, those who have done evil against the sun god.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 10:</b> Ra progresses through this scene trying to defeat Apep. At the end of the scene, Apep is captured by the gods standing before the solar barque, holding nets. In this hour, is also a reconciliation between Horus and Seth which symbolizes the uniting of Upper and Lower Egypt under the sun god as begins to rise over the lands and bring a new day.<sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 11:</b> Apep is still captured and punished in this scene by Horus’ four sons and Geb. After the destruction of Apep, Ra is surrounded by all types of deities for protection that pull him along the sky. As Ra comes to the gate, there are two scepters, one labeled Osiris and the other Horus. The writing by the scepters speaks praise of Ra and tells of his soul and body in heaven and earth, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Hour 12:</b> Ra exits the afterworld. The scene shows many figures holding various objects from scepters to stars to disks. They represent various aspects of helping Ra take his place during the daytime hours. Ra passes Apep being punished again by the <a href="/wiki/Ennead" title="Ennead">Ennead</a>, nine gods who helped Ra along his journey. Once Ra passes through the final gate of the underworld, he is in the waters of Nun, who lifts the boat up. Ra is once again in the form of Kephri. Nun raises the solar barque into the awaiting arms of <a href="/wiki/Nut_(goddess)" title="Nut (goddess)">Nut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Fourth_Division_of_the_Fifth_Hour">The Fourth Division of the Fifth Hour</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The Fourth Division of the Fifth Hour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KV17,_the_tomb_of_Pharaoh_Seti_I_of_the_Nineteenth_Dynasty,_Pillared_chamber_F,_southeast_wall_decorated_with_the_scenes_from_the_Book_of_Gates,_Valley_of_the_Kings,_Egypt_(49845805958).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tomb Seti I, Pillared Wall scene Book of Gates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/KV17%2C_the_tomb_of_Pharaoh_Seti_I_of_the_Nineteenth_Dynasty%2C_Pillared_chamber_F%2C_southeast_wall_decorated_with_the_scenes_from_the_Book_of_Gates%2C_Valley_of_the_Kings%2C_Egypt_%2849845805958%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/KV17%2C_the_tomb_of_Pharaoh_Seti_I_of_the_Nineteenth_Dynasty%2C_Pillared_chamber_F%2C_southeast_wall_decorated_with_the_scenes_from_the_Book_of_Gates%2C_Valley_of_the_Kings%2C_Egypt_%2849845805958%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/KV17%2C_the_tomb_of_Pharaoh_Seti_I_of_the_Nineteenth_Dynasty%2C_Pillared_chamber_F%2C_southeast_wall_decorated_with_the_scenes_from_the_Book_of_Gates%2C_Valley_of_the_Kings%2C_Egypt_%2849845805958%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Seti_I" title="Tomb of Seti I">KV17</a>, the tomb of Pharaoh <a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a> of the Nineteenth Dynasty, Pillared chamber F, southeast wall decorated with the scenes from the Book of Gates, <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Kings" title="Valley of the Kings">Valley of the Kings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_of_Gates,_4th_Division_5th_Hour,_in_3_Tombs,_Seti_I,_Merenptah_and_Ramses_III.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division_5th_Hour%2C_in_3_Tombs%2C_Seti_I%2C_Merenptah_and_Ramses_III.png/250px-Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division_5th_Hour%2C_in_3_Tombs%2C_Seti_I%2C_Merenptah_and_Ramses_III.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division_5th_Hour%2C_in_3_Tombs%2C_Seti_I%2C_Merenptah_and_Ramses_III.png/375px-Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division_5th_Hour%2C_in_3_Tombs%2C_Seti_I%2C_Merenptah_and_Ramses_III.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division_5th_Hour%2C_in_3_Tombs%2C_Seti_I%2C_Merenptah_and_Ramses_III.png/500px-Book_of_Gates%2C_4th_Division_5th_Hour%2C_in_3_Tombs%2C_Seti_I%2C_Merenptah_and_Ramses_III.png 2x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="1581" /></a><figcaption> From three different tombs: Illustration of figures from the 4th Division of the 5th Hour in at 1) Tomb of Seti I 2) Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Merenptah" class="mw-redirect" title="Merenptah">Merenptah</a> and 3)Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_III" title="Ramesses III">Ramesses III</a> </figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:From_Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni-_Egyptian_race_portrayed_in_the_Book_of_Gates.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/From_Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni-_Egyptian_race_portrayed_in_the_Book_of_Gates.jpg/250px-From_Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni-_Egyptian_race_portrayed_in_the_Book_of_Gates.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/From_Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni-_Egyptian_race_portrayed_in_the_Book_of_Gates.jpg/375px-From_Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni-_Egyptian_race_portrayed_in_the_Book_of_Gates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/From_Giovanni_Battista_Belzoni-_Egyptian_race_portrayed_in_the_Book_of_Gates.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="349" /></a><figcaption>Illustration of The Fourth Division of the Fifth Hour at the Tomb of Seti I, full 4 sets of 4 figure types (as appears in tomb), starting bottom left, led by the god <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a></figcaption></figure> <p>One of the most well known scenes in the Book of Gates is in its fourth division section of the Fifth Hour. Gods are depicted in the upper row. They also carry the body of a serpent. Hieroglyphs meaning "lifetime" can be seen in the lower register. At the beginning of the lower register are sixteen figures in repetitive sets of four being led by <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a> into the afterworld. The four beings correspond to the four ethnicities people were categorized in: <a href="/wiki/Egyptians" title="Egyptians">Egyptians</a> (Remetu), <a href="/wiki/Asiatics" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiatics">Asiatics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aamu" title="Aamu">Aamu</a>), <a href="/wiki/Nubians" title="Nubians">Nubians</a> (Nehsey), Libyans (Themehu). These beings are represented because all people are welcome and must make the journey to the afterworld.<sup id="cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Book_of_Gates-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nubians are depicted in consistent ways in all three tombs (although they are bare chested both at the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a> and the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Merenptah" class="mw-redirect" title="Merenptah">Merenptah</a> but not at <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_III" title="Ramesses III">Ramesses III</a>) but in all three tombs the Nubian figures in this third position are consistently beardless, have jet black skin and have a thick red sash that goes across their chest and also wraps around the waist and dangles down. However, unlike in the tomb of Seti I and the tomb of Merenptah, at the tomb of Ramesses III, a second virtually the same figure is also found in the first position usually occupied by Egyptians. The hieroglyph usually representing Egyptians remains next to this figure in its traditional position. These two figures in the same garb at Ramesses III are similar in appearance to Nubians depicted in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomb_of_Huy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomb of Huy (page does not exist)">Tomb of Huy</a> and in other Egyptian art but similar figures are not found elsewhere in this tomb although a great number of other typically depicted Egyptian figures are. </p><p>Another peculiarity is that the Asiatic and Libyan are in consistent 2nd and 4th position at both Seti I and Merenptah tombs but switch position at the tomb of Ramesses III while the hieroglyphs do not. At Seti I and Merenptah tombs the Asiatic in the second position is depicted as is typical in much other art of the period, a bearded figure with a cloth headband with two excess pieces of the headband hanging down. Additionally at these two tombs, Seti and Merenptah, a Libyan is at the end of the row, at the 4th position and is depicted with typical Libyan features of the period, a side lock of hair and a long gown-like garment that is worn somewhat openly and with one or both shoulders exposed. However, while all the hieroglyphs in all three tombs remain in the same position left to right, at Ramesses III, these two figures Asiatic and Libyan, have switched position in comparison to the other tombs. The figures may have been created after a separate artisan had first rendered the hieroglyphs. The only figure at Ramesses III that is in the same position as the figures at Seti I and Merenptah tombs is the Nubian in the third position. The hieroglyph position have no irregularities in type or sequence between each tomb. The first figure at the Tomb of Ramesses III has a hieroglyph normally associated with Egyptians but may be placed next to the hieroglyph in error which sometimes occurs in tombs, however the explanation remains unresolved.<sup id="cite_ref-Dunn_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hornung_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hornung-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_(KV.17)_(Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois,_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest)_(2081846820).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Tomb of Seti I, Pillared chamber F Relief from KV17, the Tomb of Seti I Detail of the Book of Gates, 5th hour."><img alt="The Tomb of Seti I, Pillared chamber F Relief from KV17, the Tomb of Seti I Detail of the Book of Gates, 5th hour." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_%28KV.17%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois%2C_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_%282081846820%29.jpg/120px-La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_%28KV.17%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois%2C_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_%282081846820%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_%28KV.17%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois%2C_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_%282081846820%29.jpg/180px-La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_%28KV.17%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois%2C_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_%282081846820%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_%28KV.17%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois%2C_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_%282081846820%29.jpg/240px-La_tombe_de_Sethi_1er_%28KV.17%29_%28Vall%C3%A9e_des_Rois%2C_Th%C3%A8bes_ouest%29_%282081846820%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Tomb of Seti I, Pillared chamber F Relief from <a href="/wiki/KV17" class="mw-redirect" title="KV17">KV17</a>, the Tomb of Seti I Detail of the Book of Gates, 5th hour.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grabmalereien.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fourth hour of the Book of the Gates from KV2, tomb of Rameses IV. Analysis: "the time is like a serpent, of which the nocturnal hours are born like goddesses. After its trip they are devoured again by the serpent. The blue triangles represent the water in the underworld"."><img alt="Fourth hour of the Book of the Gates from KV2, tomb of Rameses IV. Analysis: "the time is like a serpent, of which the nocturnal hours are born like goddesses. After its trip they are devoured again by the serpent. The blue triangles represent the water in the underworld"." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Grabmalereien.jpg/120px-Grabmalereien.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Grabmalereien.jpg/180px-Grabmalereien.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Grabmalereien.jpg/240px-Grabmalereien.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="565" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fourth hour of the Book of the Gates from <a href="/wiki/KV2" title="KV2">KV2</a>, tomb of Rameses IV. Analysis: "the time is like a serpent, of which the nocturnal hours are born like goddesses. After its trip they are devoured again by the serpent. The blue triangles represent the water in the underworld".</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ra traveling through the underworld in his barque, from the copy of the Book of Gates in the tomb of Ramses I (KV16)."><img alt="Ra traveling through the underworld in his barque, from the copy of the Book of Gates in the tomb of Ramses I (KV16)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Book_of_Gates_Barque_of_Ra_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="289" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ra traveling through the underworld in his barque, from the copy of the Book of Gates in the tomb of Ramses I (<a href="/wiki/KV16" title="KV16">KV16</a>).</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Dead" title="Book of the Dead">Book of the Dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gate_deities_of_the_underworld" title="Gate deities of the underworld">Gate deities of the underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teka-her" title="Teka-her">Teka-her</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amduat" title="Amduat">Amduat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Hornung-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hornung_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hornung_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHornung" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hornung, Erik. <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ancientegyptianb00horn"><i>The Ancient Egyptian Books of the Afterlife</i></a></span> (in German). David Lorton (translator). Cornell University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ancient+Egyptian+Books+of+the+Afterlife&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.aulast=Hornung&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fancientegyptianb00horn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/index.htm">"The Book of Gates Index"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates+Index&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Book_of_Gates-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Book_of_Gates_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/bookgates/">"Book of Gates | Ancient Egypt Online"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Book+of+Gates+%7C+Ancient+Egypt+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fancientegyptonline.co.uk%2Fbookgates%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dunn-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dunn_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dunn_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dunn_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dunn_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dunn_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dunn_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn" class="citation web cs1">Dunn, Jimmy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/bookofgates.htm">"The Book of Gates"</a>. <i>touregypt.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=touregypt.net&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Jimmy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.touregypt.net%2Ffeaturestories%2Fbookofgates.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Theban_Mapping_Project-2020-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Theban_Mapping_Project-2020_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Theban_Mapping_Project-2020_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thebanmappingproject.com/articles/funerary-compositions">"Funerary Compositions"</a>. <i>Theban Mapping Project</i>. November 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Theban+Mapping+Project&rft.atitle=Funerary+Compositions&rft.date=2020-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebanmappingproject.com%2Farticles%2Ffunerary-compositions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dardir-2020-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dardir-2020_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDardir2020" class="citation journal cs1">Dardir, Mohamed (2020-03-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ijhth.2020.155890">"The Relation between Scenes and Texts of the Book of the Gates and Amduat applied on Seti I Tomb"</a>. <i>International Journal of Heritage, Tourism and Hospitality</i>. <b>14</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">300–</span>324. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.21608%2Fijhth.2020.155890">10.21608/ijhth.2020.155890</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2636-414X">2636-414X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Heritage%2C+Tourism+and+Hospitality&rft.atitle=The+Relation+between+Scenes+and+Texts+of+the+Book+of+the+Gates+and+Amduat+applied+on+Seti+I+Tomb&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E300-%3C%2Fspan%3E324&rft.date=2020-03-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.21608%2Fijhth.2020.155890&rft.issn=2636-414X&rft.aulast=Dardir&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.21608%2Fijhth.2020.155890&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SBL_Press-2018-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SBL_Press-2018_7-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The ancient Egyptian Netherworld Books</i>. Writings from the ancient world. Translated by Darnell, John Coleman; Manassa, Colleen. Atlanta: SBL Press. 2018. p. 249. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88414-045-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88414-045-0"><bdi>978-0-88414-045-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+ancient+Egyptian+Netherworld+Books&rft.place=Atlanta&rft.series=Writings+from+the+ancient+world&rft.pages=249&rft.pub=SBL+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-88414-045-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9780801459283-002">"Acknowledgments"</a>, <i>The Sungod's Journey through the Netherworld</i>, Cornell University Press, pp. <span class="nowrap">ix–</span>x, 2018-12-31<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-01</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sungod%27s+Journey+through+the+Netherworld&rft.atitle=Acknowledgments&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3Eix-%3C%2Fspan%3Ex&rft.date=2018-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.7591%2F9780801459283-002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate16.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter II. The Ante-Chamber of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+II.+The+Ante-Chamber+of+the+Tuat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate16.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate17.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter III. The Gate Of Saa-Set: The Second Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+III.+The+Gate+Of+Saa-Set%3A+The+Second+Division+of+the+Tuat.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate17.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate18.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter IV. The Gate Of Aqebi. The Third Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+IV.+The+Gate+Of+Aqebi.+The+Third+Division+of+the+Tuat.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate18.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate19.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter V. The Gate Of Tchetbi. The Fourth Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+V.+The+Gate+Of+Tchetbi.+The+Fourth+Division+of+the+Tuat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate19.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate20.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter VI. The Gate Of Teka-Hra. The Fifth Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+VI.+The+Gate+Of+Teka-Hra.+The+Fifth+Division+of+the+Tuat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate20.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate22.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter VIII. The Gate Of Set-em-maat-f. The Sixth Division Of The Tuat--continued"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+VIII.+The+Gate+Of+Set-em-maat-f.+The+Sixth+Division+Of+The+Tuat--continued.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate22.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate23.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter IX. The Gate Of Akha-En-Maat. The Seventh Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+IX.+The+Gate+Of+Akha-En-Maat.+The+Seventh+Division+of+the+Tuat.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate23.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate24.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter X. The Gate of Set-hra. The Eighth Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+X.+The+Gate+of+Set-hra.+The+Eighth+Division+of+the+Tuat.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate24.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate25.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter XI. The Gate Of Ab-ta. The Ninth Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+XI.+The+Gate+Of+Ab-ta.+The+Ninth+Division+of+the+Tuat.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate25.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate26.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter XII. The Gate of Sethu. The Tenth Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+XII.+The+Gate+of+Sethu.+The+Tenth+Division+of+the+Tuat.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate26.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate27.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter XIII. The Gate Of Am-netu-f. The Eleventh Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+XIII.+The+Gate+Of+Am-netu-f.+The+Eleventh+Division+of+the+Tuat.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate27.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/gate28.htm">"The Book of Gates: The Book of Gates: Chapter XIV. The Gate of Sebi and Reri. The Twelfth Division of the Tuat"</a>. <i>sacred-texts.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=The+Book+of+Gates%3A+The+Book+of+Gates%3A+Chapter+XIV.+The+Gate+of+Sebi+and+Reri.+The+Twelfth+Division+of+the+Tuat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsacred-texts.com%2Fegy%2Fgate%2Fgate28.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Gates" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Hornung" title="Erik Hornung">Hornung, Erik</a>; Abt, Theodor (editors): <i>The Egyptian Book of Gates.</i> Translated by Erik Hornung, in collaboration with Theodor Abt. Living Human Heritage Publications, Zurich 2014. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-9523880-5-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-9523880-5-1">978-3-9523880-5-1</a></li></ul> <p>essay, "Witchcraft, Magic & Divination in Ancient Egypt", Borgouts, in Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, pgs. 1775+, ISBN 0-684-19722-7 (vol. 3) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Gates&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Book_of_Gates" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Book of Gates">Book of Gates</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/egy/gate/">Sacred texts - Gate</a> (Images, hieroglyphs, transcription and English translation)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_Egyptian_religion506" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#decd87"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_Egyptian_religion_footer" title="Template:Ancient Egyptian religion footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_Egyptian_religion_footer" title="Template talk:Ancient Egyptian religion footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_Egyptian_religion_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient Egyptian religion footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_Egyptian_religion506" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Ancient Egyptian religion</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%">Beliefs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_afterlife_beliefs" title="Ancient Egyptian afterlife beliefs">Afterlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_creation_myths" title="Ancient Egyptian creation myths">Creation myths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isfet_(Egyptian_mythology)" title="Isfet (Egyptian mythology)">Isfet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maat" title="Maat">Maat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maa_Kheru" title="Maa Kheru">Maa Kheru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_mythology" title="Egyptian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numbers_in_Egyptian_mythology" title="Numbers in Egyptian mythology">Numerology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osiris_myth" title="Osiris myth">Osiris myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_philosophy" title="Ancient Egyptian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_conception_of_the_soul" title="Ancient Egyptian conception of the soul">Soul</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ankh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ankh.svg/100px-Ankh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ankh.svg/150px-Ankh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Ankh.svg/200px-Ankh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="878" /></a></span><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Djed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Djed.svg/175px-Djed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Djed.svg/263px-Djed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Djed.svg/350px-Djed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%">Practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canopic_jar" title="Canopic jar">Canopic jars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ritual_of_Embalming_Papyrus" title="The Ritual of Embalming Papyrus">Embalming ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_funerary_practices" title="Ancient Egyptian funerary practices">Funerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortuary_temple" title="Mortuary temple">Mortuary temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_offering_formula" title="Ancient Egyptian offering formula">Offering formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opening_of_the_mouth_ceremony" title="Opening of the mouth ceremony">Opening of the mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_pyramids" title="Egyptian pyramids">Pyramids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_temple" title="Egyptian temple">Temples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_the_dead" title="Veneration of the dead">Veneration of the dead</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_deities" title="Ancient Egyptian deities">Deities</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Egyptian_deities" title="List of Egyptian deities">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ogdoad_(Egyptian)" title="Ogdoad (Egyptian)">Ogdoad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amunet" title="Amunet">Amunet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heh_(god)" title="Heh (god)">Heh and Hauhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kek_(mythology)" title="Kek (mythology)">Kek and Kauket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_(mythology)" title="Nu (mythology)">Nu and Naunet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ennead" title="Ennead">Ennead</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atum" title="Atum">Atum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geb" title="Geb">Geb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isis" title="Isis">Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephthys" title="Nephthys">Nephthys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(goddess)" title="Nut (goddess)">Nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osiris" title="Osiris">Osiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_(deity)" title="Set (deity)">Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_(Egyptian_god)" title="Shu (Egyptian god)">Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tefnut" title="Tefnut">Tefnut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Triad_(religion)" title="Triad (religion)">Triads</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theban_Triad" title="Theban Triad">Theban Triad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephantine#Elephantine_triad" title="Elephantine">Elephantine Triad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>A</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aani" title="Aani">Aani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abtu" title="Abtu">Abtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aati" title="Aati">Aati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmose-Nefertari#Death_and_deification" title="Ahmose-Nefertari">Ahmose-Nefertari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aker_(deity)" title="Aker (deity)">Aker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhty_(deity)" title="Akhty (deity)">Akhty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I#Funerary_cult" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep,_son_of_Hapu#Legacy" title="Amenhotep, son of Hapu">Amenhotep, son of Hapu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amesemi" title="Amesemi">Amesemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am-heh" title="Am-heh">Am-heh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammit" title="Ammit">Ammit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amu-Aa" title="Amu-Aa">Amu-Aa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anat" title="Anat">Anat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andjety" title="Andjety">Andjety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anhur" title="Anhur">Anhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anput" title="Anput">Anput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anubis" title="Anubis">Anubis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuket" title="Anuket">Anuket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apedemak" title="Apedemak">Apedemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apep" title="Apep">Apep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apesh" title="Apesh">Apesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apis_(deity)" title="Apis (deity)">Apis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqen" title="Aqen">Aqen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arensnuphis" title="Arensnuphis">Arensnuphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_(deity)" title="Ash (deity)">Ash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assessors_of_Maat" title="Assessors of Maat">Assessors of Maat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astarte" title="Astarte">Astarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a></li> <li><b>B</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baal" title="Baal">Baal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baalat_Gebal" title="Baalat Gebal">Baalat Gebal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babi_(mythology)" title="Babi (mythology)">Babi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banebdjedet" title="Banebdjedet">Banebdjedet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba-Pef" title="Ba-Pef">Ba-Pef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastet" title="Bastet">Bastet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_(goddess)" title="Bat (goddess)">Bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bata_(god)" title="Bata (god)">Bata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennu" title="Bennu">Bennu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bes" title="Bes">Bes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beset" class="mw-redirect" title="Beset">Beset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchis" title="Buchis">Buchis</a></li> <li><b>C</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavern_deities_of_the_underworld" title="Cavern deities of the underworld">Cavern deities of the underworld</a></li> <li><b>D</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedun" title="Dedun">Dedun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysus-Osiris" title="Dionysus-Osiris">Dionysus-Osiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djed#As_deity" title="Djed">Djed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedefhor" title="Djedefhor">Djedefhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duamutef" class="mw-redirect" title="Duamutef">Duamutef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duau_(god)" title="Duau (god)">Duau</a></li> <li><b>G</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gate_deities_of_the_underworld" title="Gate deities of the underworld">Gate deities of the underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gengen-Wer" title="Gengen-Wer">Gengen-Wer</a></li> <li><b>H</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha_(mythology)" title="Ha (mythology)">Ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapi_(Nile_god)" title="Hapi (Nile god)">Hapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_sons_of_Horus" title="Four sons of Horus">Hapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmachis" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmachis">Harmachis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpocrates" title="Harpocrates">Harpocrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harsomtus" title="Harsomtus">Harsomtus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatmehit" title="Hatmehit">Hatmehit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauron" title="Hauron">Hauron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedetet" title="Hedetet">Hedetet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedjhotep" title="Hedjhotep">Hedjhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heka_(god)" title="Heka (god)">Heka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemen" title="Hemen">Hemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemsut" title="Hemsut">Hemsut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henet" title="Henet">Henet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heqaib#Legacy" title="Heqaib">Heqaib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heqet" title="Heqet">Heqet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermanubis" title="Hermanubis">Hermanubis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heru-ur" class="mw-redirect" title="Heru-ur">Heru-ur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heryshaf" title="Heryshaf">Heryshaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesat" title="Hesat">Hesat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_(mythology)" title="Hu (mythology)">Hu</a></li> <li><b>I</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iabet" title="Iabet">Iabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iah" title="Iah">Iah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iat" title="Iat">Iat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igai_(deity)" title="Igai (deity)">Igai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihy" title="Ihy">Ihy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikhemu-sek" title="Ikhemu-sek">Ikhemu-sek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imentet" title="Imentet">Imentet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imhotep#Deification" title="Imhotep">Imhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imsety" class="mw-redirect" title="Imsety">Imsety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipy_(goddess)" title="Ipy (goddess)">Ipy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irer" title="Irer">Irer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishtar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishtar">Ishtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iunit" title="Iunit">Iunit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iusaaset" title="Iusaaset">Iusaaset</a></li> <li><b>J</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Ammon" class="mw-redirect" title="Jupiter Ammon">Jupiter Ammon</a></li> <li><b>K</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kagemni_I" title="Kagemni I">Kagemni I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebechet" title="Kebechet">Kebechet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khensit" title="Khensit">Khensit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khenti-Amentiu" title="Khenti-Amentiu">Khenti-Amentiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khenti-kheti" title="Khenti-kheti">Khenti-kheti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khepri" title="Khepri">Khepri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khereduankh" title="Khereduankh">Khereduankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherty" title="Kherty">Kherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khnum" title="Khnum">Khnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khonsu" title="Khonsu">Khonsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneph" title="Kneph">Kneph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolanthes" title="Kolanthes">Kolanthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kothar-wa-Khasis" title="Kothar-wa-Khasis">Kothar-wa-Khasis</a></li> <li><b>M</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maahes" title="Maahes">Maahes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maat" title="Maat">Maat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafdet" title="Mafdet">Mafdet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandulis" title="Mandulis">Mandulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medjed" title="Medjed">Medjed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehen" title="Mehen">Mehen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehet-Weret" title="Mehet-Weret">Mehet-Weret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehit" title="Mehit">Mehit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhit" title="Menhit">Menhit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meret" title="Meret">Meret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meretseger" title="Meretseger">Meretseger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meskhenet" title="Meskhenet">Meskhenet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min_(god)" title="Min (god)">Min</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnevis" title="Mnevis">Mnevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montu" title="Montu">Montu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mut" title="Mut">Mut</a></li> <li><b>N</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebethetepet" title="Nebethetepet">Nebethetepet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebtuwi" title="Nebtuwi">Nebtuwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nefertem" title="Nefertem">Nefertem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehebkau" title="Nehebkau">Nehebkau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehmetawy" title="Nehmetawy">Nehmetawy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neith" title="Neith">Neith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nekhbet" title="Nekhbet">Nekhbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemty" title="Nemty">Nemty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neper_(mythology)" title="Neper (mythology)">Neper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neper_(mythology)" title="Neper (mythology)">Nepit</a></li> <li><b>P</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakhet" title="Pakhet">Pakhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perit_(goddess)" title="Perit (goddess)">Perit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petbe" title="Petbe">Petbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptah" title="Ptah">Ptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptahhotep" title="Ptahhotep">Ptahhotep</a></li> <li><b>Q</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qebehsenuef" class="mw-redirect" title="Qebehsenuef">Qebehsenuef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qebui" title="Qebui">Qebui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qed-her" title="Qed-her">Qed-her</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qetesh" title="Qetesh">Qetesh</a></li> <li><b>R</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raet-Tawy" title="Raet-Tawy">Raet-Tawy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekhyt#Deity" title="Rekhyt">Rekhyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rem_(mythology)" title="Rem (mythology)">Rem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renenutet" title="Renenutet">Renenutet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renpet" title="Renpet">Renpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renpetneferet" title="Renpetneferet">Renpetneferet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repyt" title="Repyt">Repyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resheph" title="Resheph">Resheph</a></li> <li><b>S</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sah_(god)" title="Sah (god)">Sah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satis_(goddess)" title="Satis (goddess)">Satis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebiumeker" title="Sebiumeker">Sebiumeker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedjem" title="Sedjem">Sedjem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seker" title="Seker">Seker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhmet" title="Sekhmet">Sekhmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serapis" title="Serapis">Serapis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serket" title="Serket">Serket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seshat" title="Seshat">Seshat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shai" title="Shai">Shai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shed_(deity)" title="Shed (deity)">Shed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shesmetet" title="Shesmetet">Shesmetet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shezmu" title="Shezmu">Shezmu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sia_(god)" title="Sia (god)">Sia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobek" title="Sobek">Sobek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopdet" title="Sopdet">Sopdet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopdu" title="Sopdu">Sopdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souls_of_Pe_and_Nekhen" title="Souls of Pe and Nekhen">Souls of Pe and Nekhen</a></li> <li><b>T</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta-Bitjet" title="Ta-Bitjet">Ta-Bitjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatenen" title="Tatenen">Tatenen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taweret" title="Taweret">Taweret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayt" title="Tayt">Tayt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teka-her" title="Teka-her">Teka-her</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoth" title="Thoth">Thoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tjenenyet" title="Tjenenyet">Tjenenyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutu_(Egyptian_god)" title="Tutu (Egyptian god)">Tutu</a></li> <li><b>U</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unut" title="Unut">Unut</a></li> <li><b>W</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadjet" title="Wadjet">Wadjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadj-wer" title="Wadj-wer">Wadj-wer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weneg_(Egyptian_deity)" title="Weneg (Egyptian deity)">Weneg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wepset" title="Wepset">Wepset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wepwawet" title="Wepwawet">Wepwawet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werethekau" title="Werethekau">Werethekau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wosret" title="Wosret">Wosret</a></li> <li><b>Y</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yam_(god)" title="Yam (god)">Yam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Egyptian_legendary_creatures" title="Category:Egyptian legendary creatures">Creatures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akhekh" title="Akhekh">Akhekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx#Egypt" title="Sphinx">Criosphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffin" title="Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieracosphinx" title="Hieracosphinx">Hieracosphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medjed_(fish)" title="Medjed (fish)">Medjed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serpopard" title="Serpopard">Serpopard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_animal" title="Set animal">Sha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uraeus" title="Uraeus">Uraeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dedi" title="Dedi">Dedi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djadjaemankh" title="Djadjaemankh">Djadjaemankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rededjet" title="Rededjet">Rededjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaoner" title="Ubaoner">Ubaoner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aaru" title="Aaru">Aaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhet_(hieroglyph)" title="Akhet (hieroglyph)">Akhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benben" title="Benben">Benben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duat" title="Duat">Duat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_of_Manu" title="Land of Manu">Land of Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Indestructibles" title="The Indestructibles">The Indestructibles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_symbols" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian symbols">Symbols<br />and objects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ankh" title="Ankh">Ankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anra_scarab" title="Anra scarab">Anra scarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atef" title="Atef">Atef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartouche" title="Cartouche">Cartouche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowroid" title="Cowroid">Cowroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_mummy" title="Corn mummy">Corn mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crook_and_flail" title="Crook and flail">Crook and flail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_justification" title="Crown of justification">Crown of justification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deshret" title="Deshret">Deshret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djed" title="Djed">Djed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_obelisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian obelisk">Egyptian obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_pool" title="Egyptian pool">Egyptian pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_of_Horus" title="Eye of Horus">Eye of Horus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_of_Ra" title="Eye of Ra">Eye of Ra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedjet" title="Hedjet">Hedjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemhem_crown" title="Hemhem crown">Hemhem crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hennu" title="Hennu">Hennu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horus_on_the_Crocodiles" title="Horus on the Crocodiles">Horus on the Crocodiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypocephalus" title="Hypocephalus">Hypocephalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imiut_fetish" title="Imiut fetish">Imiut fetish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khepresh" title="Khepresh">Khepresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneph" title="Kneph">Kneph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menat" title="Menat">Menat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modius_(headdress)" title="Modius (headdress)">Modius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebu" title="Nebu">Nebu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemes" title="Nemes">Nemes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neshmet" title="Neshmet">Neshmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouroboros" title="Ouroboros">Ouroboros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pschent" title="Pschent">Pschent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarab_(artifact)" title="Scarab (artifact)">Scarab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serekh" title="Serekh">Serekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_ring" title="Shen ring">Shen ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_barque" title="Solar barque">Solar barque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyet" title="Tyet">Tyet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ushabti" title="Ushabti">Ushabti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulture_crown" title="Vulture crown">Vulture crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Was-sceptre" title="Was-sceptre">Was-sceptre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_sun#Ancient_Egypt" title="Winged sun">Winged sun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Egyptian_texts" title="Category:Ancient Egyptian texts">Writings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amduat" title="Amduat">Amduat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Breathing" title="Books of Breathing">Books of Breathing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Caverns" title="Book of Caverns">Book of Caverns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Dead" title="Book of the Dead">Book of the Dead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Earth" title="Book of the Earth">Book of the Earth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Book of Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Heavenly_Cow" title="Book of the Heavenly Cow">Book of the Heavenly Cow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Traversing_Eternity" title="Book of Traversing Eternity">Book of Traversing Eternity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffin_Texts" title="Coffin Texts">Coffin Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Contendings_of_Horus_and_Seth" title="The Contendings of Horus and Seth">The Contendings of Horus and Seth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enigmatic_Book_of_the_Netherworld" class="mw-redirect" title="Enigmatic Book of the Netherworld">Enigmatic Book of the Netherworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Songs_of_Isis_and_Nephthys" title="Festival Songs of Isis and Nephthys">Festival Songs of Isis and Nephthys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Hymn_to_the_Aten" title="Great Hymn to the Aten">Great Hymn to the Aten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_the_Eye_of_Horus" title="Litany of the Eye of Horus">Litany of the Eye of Horus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_Re" title="Litany of Re">Litany of Re</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_Texts" title="Pyramid Texts">Pyramid Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spell_of_the_Twelve_Caves" title="Spell of the Twelve Caves">Spell of the Twelve Caves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_ancient_Egypt" title="Category:Festivals in ancient Egypt">Festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Festival_of_the_Valley" title="Beautiful Festival of the Valley">Beautiful Festival of the Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cattle_count" title="Cattle count">Cattle count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_pharaoh" title="Coronation of the pharaoh">Coronation of the pharaoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min_festival" title="Min festival">Min festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Osiris" title="Mysteries of Osiris">Mysteries of Osiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opet_Festival" title="Opet Festival">Opet Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sed_festival" title="Sed festival">Sed festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#decd87;width:1%">Related religions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Most_High_Goddess" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of the Most High Goddess">Church of the Most High Goddess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemetic_Orthodoxy" title="Kemetic Orthodoxy">Kemetic Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemetism" title="Kemetism">Kemetism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Set" title="Temple of Set">Temple of Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#decd87"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Pyramidi_aavikolla.png/16px-Pyramidi_aavikolla.png" decoding="async" 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