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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>词源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-词源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-概述" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#概述"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>概述</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-概述-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-分類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>分類</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-分類-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关分類子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-分類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-天眾" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#天眾"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>天眾</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-天眾-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-龍眾" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#龍眾"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>龍眾</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-龍眾-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-夜叉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#夜叉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>夜叉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-夜叉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-乾闥婆" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#乾闥婆"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>乾闥婆</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-乾闥婆-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-阿修羅" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#阿修羅"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>阿修羅</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-阿修羅-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-迦樓羅" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#迦樓羅"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>迦樓羅</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-迦樓羅-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-緊那羅" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#緊那羅"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>緊那羅</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-緊那羅-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-摩睺羅伽" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#摩睺羅伽"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>摩睺羅伽</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-摩睺羅伽-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">天龙八部</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。10种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eight_Legions" title="Eight Legions – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Eight Legions" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianlong_babu" title="Tianlong babu – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tianlong babu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%E1%B9%A3%E1%B9%ADasen%C4%81" title="Aṣṭasenā – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aṣṭasenā" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8%E8%A1%86" title="八部衆 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="八部衆" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EB%B6%80%EC%8B%A0%EC%9E%A5" title="팔부신장 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="팔부신장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tianlongbabu" title="Tianlongbabu – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tianlongbabu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1t_b%E1%BB%99_ch%C3%BAng" title="Bát bộ chúng – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bát bộ chúng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" title="天龙八部 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="天龙八部" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8%E7%9C%BE" title="八部眾 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="八部眾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%8D%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" title="天龍八部 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="天龍八部" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1045328#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist nounderlines skin-invert" style="float: right; clear: both; border: 2px solid #af4630; background: #ffffe8; text-align:center;width:200px;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/120px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/180px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/240px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;">基本教義</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%B0%9B" title="四谛">四圣谛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E8%81%96%E9%81%93%E5%88%86" title="八聖道分">八正道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%9B%A0%E7%BC%98" title="十二因缘">十二因缘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8A" title="蘊">五蘊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A3%E8%B5%B7" title="緣起">緣起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="空 (佛教)">空性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%9E%9C%E8%AE%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="因果论 (佛教)">因果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="業 (佛教)">業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%88%92%E5%BE%8B" title="佛教戒律">戒律</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E5%A5%88%E8%80%B6" title="毗奈耶">毗奈耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B8%E7%BE%85" title="尸羅">尸羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%88%92" title="五戒">五戒</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E9%82%A3" title="禪那">禪那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%84" title="业处">业处</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E5%9B%9E" title="轮回">轮回</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="波罗密">波罗密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃">涅槃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%A6%82_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="真如 (佛教)">真如</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%80%A7" title="佛性">佛性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%88%E4%BE%9D" title="皈依">皈依</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三宝 (佛教)">三寶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%B0" title="三法印">三法印</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%AF%86" title="上座部佛教与大乘佛教的基本共识">佛教共識宣言</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E4%BD%8D" title="果位">修行成就/果位</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="菩萨">菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">辟支佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%90%91%E5%9B%9B%E6%9E%9C" title="四向四果">四向四果</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89" title="阿罗汉">阿罗汉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A3%E5%90%AB" title="阿那含">阿那含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E5%90%AB" title="斯陀含">斯陀含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%88%E9%99%80%E6%B4%B9" title="須陀洹">須陀洹</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教人物列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List_of_Buddhists"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教人物列表（页面不存在）">人物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Buddhists" class="extiw" title="en:List of Buddhists"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List_of_Buddhists</span></a></span>）</span></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E7%89%9F%E5%B0%BC" title="释迦牟尼">释迦牟尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BC%9F%E5%AD%90" title="十大弟子">十大弟子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E5%A4%9A%E8%A1%8D%E5%B0%BC%E5%AD%90" title="迦多衍尼子">迦多衍尼子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%B3%B4" title="馬鳴">馬鳴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86_(%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%8D)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="提婆 (人名)">提婆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%91%97" title="无著">无著</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E4%BA%B2" title="世亲">世亲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%BA%E9%9F%B3" title="覺音">覺音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A0%E6%91%A9%E7%BD%97%E4%BB%80" title="鸠摩罗什">鸠摩罗什</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0" title="慧遠">慧遠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E8%BE%BE%E6%91%A9" title="菩提达摩">菩提达摩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E9%A1%97" title="智顗">智顗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E5%A5%98" title="玄奘">玄奘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E8%83%BD" title="惠能">惠能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8A%B1%E7%94%9F" title="蓮花生">蓮花生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%96%80%E5%B7%B4" title="宗喀巴">宗喀巴</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE%E5%88%AB" title="佛教派别">宗派</a>、國家和地區</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="部派佛教">部派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">金剛乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">上座部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B9%98" title="三乘">三乘</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">中乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="小乘佛教">小乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%BD%9B%E4%B9%98" title="一佛乘">一佛乘</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="汉传佛教">漢傳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藏傳佛教史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藏傳佛教史（页面不存在）">藏傳佛教史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Tibetan Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="印度佛教">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="斯里兰卡佛教">斯里蘭卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%AC%E7%94%B8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="緬甸佛教">緬甸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="泰國佛教">泰國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="中国佛教">中國大陸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="台灣佛教">台灣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="日本佛教">日本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="新加坡佛教">新加坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="马来西亚佛教">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="蒙古國佛教">蒙古國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">歐美</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="佛教历史">歷史</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="佛教历史">佛教历史</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="佛教時間線">佛教時間線</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86" title="结集">结集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="原始佛教研究">原始佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E6%9C%9F%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="初期佛教">初期佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" title="根本分裂">根本分裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="部派佛教">部派佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E9%83%A8" title="大眾部">大眾部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8" title="上座部">上座部</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%B2%E7%8E%8B" title="阿育王">阿育王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">南傳佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="北傳佛教">北傳佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%9C%A8%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%B0%E8%90%BD" title="佛教在印度的衰落">於印度衰落</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E9%9B%A3" title="法難">法難</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="佛教现代主义">佛教现代主义</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%96%93%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="人間佛教">人間佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%96%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="入世佛教">左翼佛教</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="佛经">經籍</a>舉要</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="大藏经">大藏经</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%89%E8%97%8F" title="巴利三藏">巴利大藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="大藏经">漢文大藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="藏文大藏经">藏文大藏经</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%90%AB%E7%B6%93" title="阿含經">阿含經</a> <ul><li>南传<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%9F%AF%E8%80%B6" title="尼柯耶">尼柯耶</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A5%E7%B6%93" title="法句經">法句經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E7%BB%8F" title="大般若经">大般若经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%9C%9C%E5%A4%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%B6%93" title="般若波羅蜜多心經">心經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E7%B6%93" title="金剛經">金剛經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E6%B3%95%E8%8E%B2%E5%8D%8E%E7%BB%8F" title="妙法莲华经">法華經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%B7%B1%E5%AF%86%E7%B6%93" title="解深密經">解深密經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="華嚴經">華嚴經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0%E6%89%80%E8%AA%AA%E7%B6%93" title="維摩詰所說經">維摩經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83%E7%B6%93" class="mw-disambig" title="涅槃經">涅槃經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E4%BC%BD%E7%B6%93" title="楞伽經">楞伽經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%82%B2%E5%92%92" title="大悲咒">大悲咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="楞嚴經">楞嚴經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E8%A7%89%E7%BB%8F" title="圆觉经">圆觉经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E7%90%89%E7%92%83%E5%85%89%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%98%E5%8A%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93" title="藥師琉璃光如來本願功德經">藥師經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%97%8F%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E6%9C%AC%E6%84%BF%E7%BB%8F" title="地藏菩萨本愿经">地藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BD%8C%E9%99%80%E7%B6%93" title="阿彌陀經">阿彌陀經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%A5%96%E5%9D%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="六祖坛经">坛经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E5%B8%AB%E5%9C%B0%E8%AB%96" title="瑜伽師地論">瑜伽論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%99%BA%E5%BA%A6%E8%AB%96" title="大智度論">大智度論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%A3%A8%E4%BF%B1%E8%88%8D%E8%AE%BA" title="阿毗达磨俱舍论">俱舍論</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E5%9C%B0" title="佛教聖地">聖地</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AF%BA" title="佛寺">佛寺</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E8%88%8D" title="精舍">精舍</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%A3%E5%9C%B0" title="八大圣地">八圣地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%90%8D%E5%B1%B1" title="四大佛教名山">四道場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E5%AF%BA%E9%99%A2" title="汉族地区佛教全国重点寺院">汉地寺院</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A1%94%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古塔列表（页面不存在）">佛塔列表</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;">相關主題</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="佛教藝術">艺术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BF%AE%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="佛教修行制度">修学制度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Category:佛教組織">組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="Category:佛教人物">人物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF" title="Category:佛教模板">佛教模板</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98" title="Template:佛教主题">佛教主題</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:TheravadaBuddhism" title="Template:TheravadaBuddhism">上座部佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:PaliCanon" title="Template:PaliCanon">巴利聖典</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4" title="对佛教的批判">批評</a></li> <li>論諍 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E9%9D%9E%E4%BD%9B%E8%AA%AA%E8%AB%96%E8%AB%8D" title="大乘非佛說論諍">大乘非佛說</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%96%B9%E8%AB%B8%E4%BD%9B%E8%AB%8D%E8%AB%96" title="十方諸佛諍論">十方諸佛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教大綱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教大綱（页面不存在）">佛教大綱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of Buddhism</span></a></span>）</span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/18px-Dharma_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/27px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/36px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主題</a> <a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="WikiProject:佛教">佛教专题</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template:佛教"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template talk:佛教"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:佛教"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>天龍八部</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="梵語">梵語</a>：<span lang="sa">अष्टसेना</span>，<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Aṣṭasenā</span>；<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%97%8F%E8%AA%9E" title="標準藏語">標準藏語</a>：<span lang="bo">ལྷ་འདྲེ་སྡེ་བརྒྱད་</span>），是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>概念，指佛教<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E6%B3%95%E7%A5%9E" title="護法神">護法神</a>隊伍中以天、龍为首的八種神話種族，包含<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="天人 (佛教)">天人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%BC%BD" title="那伽">龍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%89" title="夜叉">夜叉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E9%97%BC%E5%A9%86" title="乾闼婆">乾闼婆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BF%AE%E7%BD%97_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="阿修罗 (佛教)">阿修罗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%A5%BC%E7%BD%97" title="迦楼罗">迦楼罗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A7%E9%82%A3%E7%BD%97" title="紧那罗">紧那罗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%9D%BA%E7%BE%85%E8%BF%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="摩睺羅迦">摩睺罗迦</a>。因八部以「天眾」和「龍眾」為首，故稱「天龍八部」<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，又稱<b>龍神八部</b>、<b>八部鬼神</b>、<b>八部眾</b>、<b>八部神将</b>、<b>天龙八将</b>等。<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%BA%B8" title="金庸">金庸</a>曾以此為名，寫成小說<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4)" title="天龙八部 (小说)">《天龍八部》</a> 。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="词源"><span id=".E8.AF.8D.E6.BA.90"></span>词源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：词源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>梵语अष्टसेना（aṣṭasenā）意为“八个部众”；<span lang="sa">अष्ट</span>（<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">aṣṭa-</span>）爲“八”，和英语<span lang="en">eight</span>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="拉丁语">拉丁文</a><span lang="la">octo</span>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="波斯语">波斯语</a><span lang="fa">هشت</span>‎（hašt）同源；<span lang="sa">सेना</span>（<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">sénā</span>）意为军队、部队。 </p><p>藏语译作<span lang="bo">lha srin sde brgyad</span>或<span lang="bo">dregs pa'i lha srin sde brgyad</span>，其中的<span lang="bo">brgyad</span>意为“八”，和中文的“八”同源；八的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%8F%A4%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="上古汉语">上古音</a>*preːd，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="中古汉语">中古音</a>*pret，粤语baat；两者都强调了数量八。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概述"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E8.BF.B0"></span>概述</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：概述"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>天龍八部的說法在佛教出現的時間較早，祂们经常出现在佛经中，以佛陀说法时的“<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%B1%E8%81%BD%E4%BA%BA" title="閱聽人">听众</a>”和“<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E6%B3%95%E7%A5%9E" title="護法神">护法</a>”形象出现<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。隨著佛教在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="東漢">東漢</a>時的正式、成規模的傳入，天龍八部的說法也跟著傳入并漸漸在民間流行起來<sup id="cite_ref-百科_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百科-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%A5%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="华严经">华严经</a>》共四十部类世主包含三十九类「华严圣众」（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>108位<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="菩薩">菩薩</a>，也就是<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E6%B3%95%E7%A5%9E" title="護法神">護法</a>）。《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E9%81%97%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三国遗事">三国遗事</a>》中经常出现类似的华严圣众的形象，如描述<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="四天王">四天王</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%89%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%A9" title="忉利天">忉利天</a>（三十三天）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E6%91%A9%E5%A4%A9" title="夜摩天">阎魔天</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%9C%E7%8E%87%E5%A4%A9" title="兜率天">兜率天</a>等诸天王，和天龙八部、神兵、四十圣众、道场神、华严神众等<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E" title="神">神</a>现身并獲<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E4%BB%B0" title="信仰">信仰</a>等事，在《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%8E%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="法华经">法华经</a>》的灵山会上，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="天龙">天龙</a>、乾闼婆、阿修罗等八部<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E" title="神">神</a>集会时，其他的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98" class="mw-redirect" title="大乘">大乘</a>经典神众也随之出现，因此「華嚴聖眾」也稱作「天龍八部」。 </p><p>天龙八部包括：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="天人 (佛教)">天人</a>（或稱天、提婆）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%BC%BD" title="那伽">龙</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%89" title="夜叉">夜叉</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E9%97%A5%E5%A9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="乾闥婆">乾闥婆</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BF%AE%E7%BD%97_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="阿修罗 (佛教)">阿修罗</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%A5%BC%E7%BD%97" title="迦楼罗">迦楼罗</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A7%E9%82%A3%E7%BD%97" title="紧那罗">紧那罗</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%9D%BA%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%BD" title="摩睺羅伽">摩睺罗伽</a>。祂们是八类<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E6%B3%95%E7%A5%9E" title="護法神">护法</a>鬼神，随侍<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">佛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="菩萨">菩萨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89" title="阿罗汉">阿罗汉</a>到<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E9%96%93" title="世間">世界</a>各地说法，也会在人间护持修行人和寺院<sup id="cite_ref-百科_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-百科-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。祂们不仅来自<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%81%93" title="六道">六道</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93" class="mw-disambig" title="天道">天道</a>，也有不少归属於<a href="/wiki/%E9%AC%BC%E9%81%93" title="鬼道">鬼道</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%94%9F%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="畜生道">畜生道</a>等，故祂們的壽命依然是有限的，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%A0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="福報">福報</a>享盡時，一样有可能堕落<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%83%A1%E9%81%93" title="三惡道">三惡道</a>，因此也必須精進於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="佛法">佛法</a>之修行。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分類"><span id=".E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="天眾"><span id=".E5.A4.A9.E7.9C.BE"></span>天眾</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：天眾"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="天人 (佛教)">天人 (佛教)</a></div> <p>梵語<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Deva</span>，亦可音译为<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1)" title="提婆 (印度神話)">提婆</a>，意为「天」或「<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="天人 (佛教)">天神</a>」，如<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E6%B3%95%E7%A5%9E" title="護法神">護法神</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%A2%B5%E5%A4%A9" title="大梵天">大梵天</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BB%91%E5%A4%A9" title="大黑天">大黑天</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E9%87%8B%E5%A4%A9" title="帝釋天">帝釋天</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B" title="四大天王">四大天王</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%8B%E9%A6%B1%E5%A4%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="韋馱天">韋馱天</a>等即是。帝釋天是<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%89%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%A9" title="忉利天">三十三天</a>诸神的領袖。 </p><p>天神的壽命也會完結，天神臨死前會出現“衣裳垢膩，頭上花萎，身體臭穢，腋下出汗，不樂本位”這五種徵兆，也就是所謂的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%BA%E4%BA%94%E8%A1%B0" title="天人五衰">天人五衰</a>，最後再次進入<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%AA%E8%BF%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="輪迴">輪迴</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E4%B8%96" title="轉世">轉世</a>為人或其他眾生。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="龍眾"><span id=".E9.BE.8D.E7.9C.BE"></span>龍眾</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：龍眾"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%BC%BD" title="那伽">那伽</a></div> <p>梵語<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Nāga</span>，音譯那伽，亦可译为神龍。佛經上說有無數<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="龍王">龍王</a>，專管興雲降雨。實際上是一類蛇神，和中國的<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%99#分類" title="龙">蝮（虺）龍</a>的概念相似，佛教在中土發展附會本土神話，用“<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="龍">龍</a>”相譯，事實上是不同概念，但也許是同一神獸在兩種文化的不同體現<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%A5%BC%E7%BD%97" title="迦楼罗">大鵬金翅鳥</a>以其爲食，故是其<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%95%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="天敵">天敵</a>。眾龍王中<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%91%E7%AB%AD%E7%BE%85%E9%BE%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="娑竭羅龍（页面不存在）">娑竭羅龍</a>（海龍）最出名，因其女兒<a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E5%A5%B3" title="龍女">龍女</a>曾以女身示现到其他世界<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B3%E8%BA%AB%E6%88%90%E4%BD%9B" title="即身成佛">即刻成佛</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="夜叉"><span id=".E5.A4.9C.E5.8F.89"></span>夜叉</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：夜叉"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%89" title="夜叉">夜叉</a></div> <p>梵語<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Yakṣa</span>的音譯，亦作<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%89" title="夜叉">藥叉</a>。佛教謂一種捷疾勇健的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AC%BC%E9%81%93" title="鬼道">鬼道</a>眾生<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>據<a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="婆羅門教">婆羅門教</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%98%E6%BF%95%E5%A5%B4%E5%BE%80%E4%B8%96%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="毘濕奴往世書">毘濕奴往世書</a>》所述，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%89" title="夜叉">夜叉</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%89%8E" title="羅剎">羅剎</a>同時由大<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E5%A4%A9" title="梵天">梵天</a>的腳掌中生出，雙方通常相互敵對。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%89" title="夜叉">夜叉</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%89%8E" title="羅剎">羅剎</a>不同，對人類持友善態度，因而被稱為“真誠者”。其形像有時被描述為美貌健壯的青年，有時又被描述為腹部下垂的侏儒。在佛教中，對夜叉鬼和羅剎鬼有相差不多的描述。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="乾闥婆"><span id=".E4.B9.BE.E9.97.A5.E5.A9.86"></span>乾闥婆</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：乾闥婆"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E9%97%BC%E5%A9%86" title="乾闼婆">乾闼婆</a></div> <p>梵語<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Gandharva</span>，意思是香神，又是樂神（音樂神）。本是婆羅門教崇拜的一類神，是服侍帝釋天的樂神之一，多達六千多位，以聞香為食，身上亦有濃烈的香氣。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="阿修羅"><span id=".E9.98.BF.E4.BF.AE.E7.BE.85"></span>阿修羅</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：阿修羅"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BF%AE%E7%BD%97_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="阿修罗 (佛教)">阿修罗 (佛教)</a></div> <p>梵語<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Asura</span>，阿修羅，古時漢地意譯爲無端正、非天等，現代語言學研究認為asura就是一類精怪的名稱，無需拆解詞根。這類眾生性狂躁，易無端暴惡；共有四种阿修罗：鬼趣摄卵生、畜牲趣摄湿生、人趣摄胎生和天趣摄化生阿修罗。天趣摄化生的阿修羅，才是我們一般人認為的阿修羅，其他種的阿修羅就是指心性殘暴的眾生而已，所以如果只說「<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="五道">五道</a>眾生」中，此類的阿修羅屬於天道。天界的阿修羅其男衆極醜，女衆絕美。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="迦樓羅"><span id=".E8.BF.A6.E6.A8.93.E7.BE.85"></span>迦樓羅</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：迦樓羅"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%A8%93%E7%BE%85_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="迦樓羅 (佛教)">迦樓羅 (佛教)</a></div> <p>梵語<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Garuḍa</span>，漢譯<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E6%A5%BC%E7%BD%97" title="迦楼罗">大鵬金翅鳥</a>，有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B5%E7%94%9F_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="卵生 (佛教)">卵生</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%8E%E7%94%9F" title="胎生">胎生</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%95%E7%94%9F" title="濕生">濕生</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E7%94%9F" title="化生">化生</a>共四種；兩支翅膀張開有336萬里；因<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD%E5%A0%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="業報">業報</a>的關係，以<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%BC%BD" title="那伽">那伽</a>龍為食，一日可食一<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E4%BC%BD%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="那伽王">那伽王</a>和五百條那伽，但那伽的體內有毒氣，迦樓羅體內也毒氣聚集，到最後無法進食，於是上下翻飛七次，飛到金剛輪山頂上命終，且臨死時毒發<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%87%83" title="自燃">自燃</a>，肉身燒去後只餘一心，作純青琉璃色。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="緊那羅"><span id=".E7.B7.8A.E9.82.A3.E7.BE.85"></span>緊那羅</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：緊那羅"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%8A%E9%82%A3%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="緊那羅">緊那羅</a></div> <p>梵語<span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Kiṁnara</span>，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E9%87%8B%E5%A4%A9" title="帝釋天">帝釋天</a>的音樂神之一，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E9%97%A5%E5%A9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="乾闥婆">乾闥婆</a>專奏俗樂，而<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%8A%E9%82%A3%E7%BE%85" class="mw-redirect" title="緊那羅">緊那羅</a>專門演奏法樂。此神形象為半人半鳥，或者形貌似人，然頂有一角，人見而起疑，故譯為疑人、疑神，又名人非人，又稱天伎神、歌神。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="摩睺羅伽"><span id=".E6.91.A9.E7.9D.BA.E7.BE.85.E4.BC.BD"></span>摩睺羅伽</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：摩睺羅伽"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%9D%BA%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%BD" title="摩睺羅伽">摩睺羅伽</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="梵語">梵語</a><span lang="sa-Latn" title="國際梵語轉寫字母" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Mahoraga</span>，是大<a href="/wiki/%E8%9F%92%E7%A7%91" title="蟒科">蟒蛇</a>之神。人身蛇頭。有一說法，相對於那伽神龍，<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%9D%BA%E7%BE%85%E8%BF%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="摩睺羅迦">摩睺羅迦</a>又稱為「<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-disambig" title="地龍">地龍</a>」。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>中的相關文獻：<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AD%B8%E5%A4%A7%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8/%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%8D%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8" class="extiw" title="s:佛學大辭典/天龍八部">佛學大辭典/天龍八部</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">如玄奘译本《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E5%B8%88%E7%90%89%E7%92%83%E5%85%89%E5%A6%82%E6%9D%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%84%BF%E5%8A%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="药师琉璃光如来本愿功德经">药师琉璃光如来本愿功德经</a>》：“如是我闻。一时，薄伽梵游化诸国，至广严城，住乐音树下，与大比丘众八千人俱，菩萨摩诃萨三万六千，及国王、大臣、婆罗门、居士、<b>天龙八部</b>、人非人等，无量大众，恭敬围绕，而为说法。”这部经中还出现了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%A5%9E%E5%B0%87" class="mw-redirect" title="十二神將">十二药叉鬼</a>护法。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-百科-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-百科_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-百科_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181013211648/http://www.qikan.com/article/AE5C1C68-024E-43CE-9E41-A26E0996ABB4">佛教中的天龙八部. 陆永峰</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-10-13</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qikan.com/article/AE5C1C68-024E-43CE-9E41-A26E0996ABB4">原始内容</a>存档于2018-10-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&rft.btitle=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8.+%E9%99%86%E6%B0%B8%E5%B3%B0&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qikan.com%2Farticle%2FAE5C1C68-024E-43CE-9E41-A26E0996ABB4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">漢地、印度的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%94%9F%E8%82%96" class="mw-redirect" title="十二生肖">十二生肖</a>同源，龍對應那伽。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《雜寶藏經》：“龍王夫婦及諸眷屬生敬信心，盡受五戒，并<b>夜叉</b>眾亦受五戒。”中提到了夜叉</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%BE%99%E5%85%AB%E9%83%A8&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatchinese.com/buddha/buddha026.htm">天龍八部</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20111020132017/http://www.greatchinese.com/buddha/buddha026.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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title="Special:编辑页面/Template:六道"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="三界六道四生（十生）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%95%8C_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三界 (佛教)">三界</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%81%93" title="六道">六道</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%94%9F" title="四生">四生</a>（十生）</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%95%8C_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三界 (佛教)">三界</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%B2%E7%95%8C" title="欲界">欲界</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%B2%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A9" title="欲界天">欲界天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%B2" title="四大部洲">四大部洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%B0%E7%8D%84" title="八大地獄">八大地獄</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E7%95%8C" title="色界">色界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%89%B2%E7%95%8C" title="无色界">无色界</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bhavachakra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bhavachakra.jpg/150px-Bhavachakra.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bhavachakra.jpg/225px-Bhavachakra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Bhavachakra.jpg/300px-Bhavachakra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%81%93" title="六道">六道</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E8%B6%A3" title="五趣">五道</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2">三善道</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="天 (佛教)">天道</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="天人 (佛教)">天人</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BF%AE%E7%BD%97_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="阿修罗 (佛教)">阿修罗道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%81%93_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="人道 (佛教)">人道</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffeec2"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%83%A1%E9%81%93" title="三惡道">三惡道</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%94%9F" title="畜生">畜生道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A4%93%E9%AC%BC" title="餓鬼">餓鬼道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%8D%84_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="地獄 (佛教)">地獄道</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%94%9F" title="四生">四生</a><br />十生</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%8E%E7%94%9F_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="胎生 (佛教)">胎生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B5%E7%94%9F_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="卵生 (佛教)">卵生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%95%E7%94%9F" title="濕生">濕生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E7%94%9F" title="化生">化生</a><br /></li> <li>金剛經以四生加上下列六生為十生： <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E7%95%8C" title="色界">有色生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%89%B2%E7%95%8C" title="无色界">無色生</a></li> <li>有想生（除無想天外之一切眾生）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%84%A1%E6%83%B3%E5%A4%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="無想天（页面不存在）">無想生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%83%B3%E9%9D%9E%E9%9D%9E%E6%83%B3%E5%A4%A9" title="非想非非想天">非有想生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%83%B3%E9%9D%9E%E9%9D%9E%E6%83%B3%E5%A4%A9" title="非想非非想天">非無想生</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#ffeec2;;width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E7%95%8C" title="十界">十法界</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E4%BA%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="聖人 (佛教)">聖人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A1%E5%A4%AB" title="凡夫">凡夫</a></li></ul></li> <li>四聖 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="菩薩">菩薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">辟支佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89" title="阿罗汉">阿罗漢</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E9%97%BB" title="声闻">聲聞</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E6%A8%82%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="極樂世界">极乐世界九品往生</a> <ul><li>上品三生</li> <li>中品三生</li> <li>下品下生</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%9E%9C%E8%AE%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="因果论 (佛教)">因果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E5%9B%9E" title="轮回">轮回</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E5%9B%9E_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="轮回 (佛教)">轮回</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E8%BC%AA" title="有輪">有輪</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="業 (佛教)">報應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A1%E4%BA%BA%E8%90%BD%E9%81%93" title="亡人落道">亡人落道</a> <ul><li>天道</li> <li>地道</li> <li>人道</li> <li>佛道</li> <li>鬼道</li> <li>畜道</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td 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