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title="Mostra una pagina a caso [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una voce a caso</span></a></li><li id="n-nearby-pages-title" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:NelleVicinanze"><span>Nelle vicinanze</span></a></li><li id="n-vetrina" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vetrina"><span>Vetrina</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Aiuto" title="Pagine di aiuto"><span>Aiuto</span></a></li><li id="n-Sportello-informazioni" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Sportello_informazioni"><span>Sportello informazioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunità" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunità" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunità </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portale:Comunit%C3%A0" title="Descrizione del progetto, cosa puoi fare, dove trovare le cose"><span>Portale Comunità</span></a></li><li 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consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Altre opzioni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti personali" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti personali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>entra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Descrizione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descrizione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Descrizione</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Descrizione-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Descrizione</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Descrizione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Classificazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classificazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Classificazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classificazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Misurazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Misurazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Misurazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Misurazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Innalzamento_del_livello" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Innalzamento_del_livello"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Innalzamento del livello</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Innalzamento_del_livello-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Innalzamento del livello</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Innalzamento_del_livello-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Espansione_termica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Espansione_termica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Espansione termica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Espansione_termica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fusione_dei_ghiacci" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fusione_dei_ghiacci"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Fusione dei ghiacci</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fusione_dei_ghiacci-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contributo_antropico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contributo_antropico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Contributo antropico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contributo_antropico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuove_ipotesi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuove_ipotesi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Nuove ipotesi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuove_ipotesi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Livello del mare</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 97 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seevlak" title="Seevlak - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Seevlak" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livel_d%27a_mar" title="Livel d'a mar - aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Livel d'a mar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89_%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1" title="مستوى سطح البحر - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مستوى سطح البحر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_de_la_mar" title="Nivel de la mar - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nivel de la mar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99niz_s%C9%99viyy%C9%99si" title="Dəniz səviyyəsi - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəniz səviyyəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD%DB%8C" title="دنیز سطحی - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دنیز سطحی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Диңгеҙ кимәле - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Диңгеҙ кимәле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Узровень мора - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Узровень мора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5" title="Морско равнище - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Морско равнище" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2" title="समुंद्र तल - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="समुंद्र तल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B2" title="সমুদ্র সমতল - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমুদ্র সমতল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivell_mitj%C3%A0_del_mar" title="Nivell mitjà del mar - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nivell mitjà del mar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="ХӀордан сиз - ceceno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ХӀордан сиз" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ceceno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladina_mo%C5%99e" title="Hladina moře - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hladina moře" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%97%D1%81_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B9%D3%97" title="Тинӗс шайӗ - ciuvascio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тинӗс шайӗ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havoverflade" title="Havoverflade - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Havoverflade" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeresspiegel" title="Meeresspiegel - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Meeresspiegel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CE%B8%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Στάθμη θαλάσσης - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στάθμη θαλάσσης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marnivelo" title="Marnivelo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marnivelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_del_mar" title="Nivel del mar - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nivel del mar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meretase" title="Meretase - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Meretase" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsas_maila" title="Itsas maila - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Itsas maila" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="سطح دریای آزاد - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سطح دریای آزاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merenpinnan_taso" title="Merenpinnan taso - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Merenpinnan taso" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niveau_de_la_mer" title="Niveau de la mer - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Niveau de la mer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapeegel" title="Siapeegel - frisone settentrionale" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Siapeegel" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisone settentrionale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_dal_m%C3%A2r" title="Nivel dal mâr - friulano" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Nivel dal mâr" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seenivo" title="Seenivo - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Seenivo" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibh%C3%A9al_na_mara" title="Leibhéal na mara - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leibhéal na mara" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_medio_do_mar" title="Nivel medio do mar - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nivel medio do mar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level - hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%95%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9D" title="גובה פני הים - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גובה פני הים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2" title="समुद्र तल - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समुद्र तल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morska_razina" title="Morska razina - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Morska razina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%AF_%D5%A2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բացարձակ բարձրություն - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բացարձակ բարձրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivello_del_mar" title="Nivello del mar - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nivello del mar" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permukaan_laut" title="Permukaan laut - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Permukaan laut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantar_ti_baybay" title="Pantar ti baybay - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pantar ti baybay" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marala_nivelo" title="Marala nivelo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Marala nivelo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%A1varm%C3%A1l" title="Sjávarmál - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sjávarmál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%9D%A2" title="海面 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="海面" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ზღვის დონე - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ზღვის დონე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Абсоліоттік биіктік - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абсоліоттік биіктік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%88%98%EB%A9%B4" title="해수면 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="해수면" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asta_deryay%C3%AA" title="Asta deryayê - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Asta deryayê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Деңиз деңгээли - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Деңиз деңгээли" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maris_aequor" title="Maris aequor - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Maris aequor" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zie%C3%ABniveau" title="Zieëniveau - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zieëniveau" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivell_del_mar" title="Nivell del mar - lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Nivell del mar" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABros_lygis" title="Jūros lygis - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jūros lygis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABras_l%C4%ABmenis" title="Jūras līmenis - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jūras līmenis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nang_dhuwur_laut" title="Nang dhuwur laut - Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Nang dhuwur laut" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haavon%27ny_ranomasina" title="Haavon'ny ranomasina - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Haavon'ny ranomasina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Морско ниво - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Морско ниво" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="സമുദ്രനിരപ്പ് - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സമുദ്രനിരപ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Далайн түвшин - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Далайн түвшин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="समुद्रसपाटी - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समुद्रसपाटी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aras_laut" title="Aras laut - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aras laut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ပင်လယ်ရေမျက်နှာပြင် - birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပင်လယ်ရေမျက်နှာပြင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeniveau" title="Zeeniveau - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zeeniveau" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havniv%C3%A5" title="Havnivå - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Havnivå" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havniv%C3%A5" title="Havnivå - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Havnivå" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niv%C3%A8l_de_la_mar" title="Nivèl de la mar - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nivèl de la mar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poziom_morza" title="Poziom morza - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Poziom morza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livel_d%C3%ABl_mar" title="Livel dël mar - piemontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Livel dël mar" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%AF%DA%BE%D8%B1" title="سمندری پدھر - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سمندری پدھر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%ADvel_do_mar" title="Nível do mar - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nível do mar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivelul_m%C4%83rii" title="Nivelul mării - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nivelul mării" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F" title="Уровень моря - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уровень моря" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F" title="Уровень моря - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Уровень моря" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livellu_de_su_mare" title="Livellu de su mare - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Livellu de su mare" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razina_mora" title="Razina mora - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Razina mora" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladina_mora" title="Hladina mora - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hladina mora" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morska_gladina" title="Morska gladina - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Morska gladina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jooga_bada" title="Jooga bada - somalo" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jooga bada" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Ниво светског мора - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ниво светског мора" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havsyta" title="Havsyta - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Havsyta" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usawa_bahari_wastani" title="Usawa bahari wastani - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usawa bahari wastani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கடல் மட்டம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கடல் மட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%82" title="సముద్రమట్టం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సముద్రమట్టం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5" title="ระดับน้ำทะเล - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ระดับน้ำทะเล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deniz_seviyesi" title="Deniz seviyesi - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deniz seviyesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F" title="Рівень моря - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рівень моря" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="سطح سمندر - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سطح سمندر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengiz_sathi" title="Dengiz sathi - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dengiz sathi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B1c_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_bi%E1%BB%83n" title="Mực nước biển - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mực nước biển" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katupngan_ha_dagat" title="Katupngan ha dagat - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Katupngan ha dagat" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ზუღაშ დონე - mengrelio" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ზუღაშ დონე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mengrelio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ze%C3%AAniveau" title="Zeêniveau - zelandese" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Zeêniveau" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zelandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 - cinese classico" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="cinese classico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1i-p%C3%AAng-b%C4%ABn" title="Hái-pêng-bīn - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hái-pêng-bīn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q125465#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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pagine"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspetto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Reindirizzamento da <strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=S.l.m.&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="S.l.m.">S.l.m.</a></strong>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>Il <b>livello del mare</b> in <a href="/wiki/Orografia" title="Orografia">orografia</a> indica la quota di livello zero, che viene fatta corrispondere al livello medio del <a href="/wiki/Mare" title="Mare">mare</a>, da cui si misura l'<a href="/wiki/Altitudine" title="Altitudine">altezza</a> delle località sulla <a href="/wiki/Superficie_terrestre" class="mw-redirect" title="Superficie terrestre">superficie terrestre</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Descrizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Descrizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sign_sea_level_maps.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sign_sea_level_maps.jpg/220px-Sign_sea_level_maps.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sign_sea_level_maps.jpg/330px-Sign_sea_level_maps.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Sign_sea_level_maps.jpg/440px-Sign_sea_level_maps.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1438" data-file-height="937" /></a><figcaption>Placca con indicata l'altezza sul livello del mare (<a href="/wiki/Stazione_di_Alicante-Terminal" title="Stazione di Alicante-Terminal">stazione</a> di <a href="/wiki/Alicante" title="Alicante">Alicante</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spagna" title="Spagna">Spagna</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Il livello del mare può inoltre essere utilizzato come <i>zero altimetrico</i> per la determinazione delle <a href="/wiki/Altitudine" title="Altitudine">altitudini</a>. Per convenzione l'altezza sul mare di un <a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">comune</a> è misurata dal sagrato della <a href="/wiki/Chiesa_(architettura)" title="Chiesa (architettura)">chiesa</a> più alta o dalla piazza principale del luogo o dalla sede del palazzo municipale. Delle tre eventualità citate, la più "certa" appare essere l'ubicazione della piazza.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classificazione">Classificazione</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Classificazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Classificazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Innanzitutto è necessario distinguere tra un <i>livello del mare medio globale</i>, ovvero ottenuto tramite una media delle misurazioni effettuate in una zona molto vasta (es. <a href="/wiki/Oceano_Atlantico" title="Oceano Atlantico">oceano Atlantico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mar_Mediterraneo" title="Mar Mediterraneo">mar Mediterraneo</a>) o addirittura su tutta la superficie oceanica terrestre, e un <i>livello del mare locale</i>, riferito a una zona circoscritta (ad esempio il <a href="/wiki/Golfo_di_Napoli" title="Golfo di Napoli">golfo di Napoli</a>). </p><p>Inoltre può variare anche il punto di riferimento delle misurazioni e dunque è necessario definire la differenza tra <i>livello del mare relativo</i> e <i>livello del mare assoluto</i>: </p> <ul><li>Il <b>livello del mare relativo</b> (<i>relative sea level</i>, RSL) è una misura del livello del mare effettuata rispetto al <a href="/wiki/Fondale_marino" title="Fondale marino">fondale oceanico</a> oppure, per le misurazioni locali, rispetto ad un punto di riferimento sulla terra ferma.</li> <li>Il <b>livello del mare assoluto</b> (o altezza della superficie marina, <i>sea surface height</i>, SSH) è ottenuto, invece, tramite una misura effettuata rispetto al <a href="/wiki/Centro_di_massa" title="Centro di massa">centro di massa</a> della <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a>.</li></ul> <p>Che sia relativo o assoluto, il livello del mare subisce delle variazioni, sia sul breve sia sul lungo periodo, che possono essere dovute a una grande varietà di processi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Misurazione">Misurazione</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Misurazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Misurazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'unico metodo per ottenere una misura assoluta del livello del mare è l'altimetria satellitare<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nel <a href="/wiki/Sistema_internazionale_di_unit%C3%A0_di_misura" title="Sistema internazionale di unità di misura">sistema internazionale</a> l'altitudine si misura in metri sul livello del mare (m s.l.m.; anche m s.l.m.m. da «sul livello marino medio» o m s.m. da «sul mare»<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Innalzamento_del_livello">Innalzamento del livello</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Innalzamento del livello" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Innalzamento del livello"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Aumento_del_livello_del_mare" title="Aumento del livello del mare">Aumento del livello del mare</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Innalzamento_annuale_del_mare_in_2_stazioni_di_Venezia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Innalzamento_annuale_del_mare_in_2_stazioni_di_Venezia.png/400px-Innalzamento_annuale_del_mare_in_2_stazioni_di_Venezia.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Innalzamento_annuale_del_mare_in_2_stazioni_di_Venezia.png/600px-Innalzamento_annuale_del_mare_in_2_stazioni_di_Venezia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Innalzamento_annuale_del_mare_in_2_stazioni_di_Venezia.png 2x" data-file-width="653" data-file-height="471" /></a><figcaption> Fonte: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.psmsl.org/data/obtaining/">https://www.psmsl.org/data/obtaining/</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Land_loss_in_coastal_Louisiana_since_1932_NOAA2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Land_loss_in_coastal_Louisiana_since_1932_NOAA2013.jpg/220px-Land_loss_in_coastal_Louisiana_since_1932_NOAA2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Land_loss_in_coastal_Louisiana_since_1932_NOAA2013.jpg/330px-Land_loss_in_coastal_Louisiana_since_1932_NOAA2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Land_loss_in_coastal_Louisiana_since_1932_NOAA2013.jpg/440px-Land_loss_in_coastal_Louisiana_since_1932_NOAA2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="776" data-file-height="1006" /></a><figcaption>Perdita di territorio costiero tra il 1932 e il 2011 nei delta del <a href="/wiki/Fiume_Mississippi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiume Mississippi">Mississippi</a></figcaption></figure> <p>I principali fattori che possono causare un aumento medio del livello del mare sono l'<a href="/wiki/Dilatazione_termica" title="Dilatazione termica">espansione termica</a> degli <a href="/wiki/Oceani" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceani">oceani</a>, la fusione delle <a href="/wiki/Calotta_di_ghiaccio" title="Calotta di ghiaccio">calotte glaciali</a> e la variazione di <a href="/wiki/Salinit%C3%A0" title="Salinità">salinità</a> dovuta allo scambio di masse d'acqua tra gli oceani e le riserve d'acqua dolce del territorio. Questi contributi sono comunemente attribuiti a un <a href="/wiki/Mutamento_climatico" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutamento climatico">cambiamento climatico</a> globale indotto in buona parte dalle immissioni antropiche di <a href="/wiki/Gas_serra" title="Gas serra">gas serra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Riscaldamento_globale" title="Riscaldamento globale">riscaldamento globale</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il livello marino assoluto, inoltre, dipende indirettamente anche dalla <a href="/wiki/Deformazione" title="Deformazione">deformazione</a> della terra solida causata dalle variazioni del <a href="/wiki/Campo_gravitazionale" title="Campo gravitazionale">campo gravitazionale</a> e del volume del <a href="/wiki/Bacino_oceanico" title="Bacino oceanico">bacino oceanico</a> globale. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Espansione_termica">Espansione termica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Espansione termica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Espansione termica"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I dati di <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> media degli oceani raccolti negli ultimi 50 anni indicano che il contenuto di <a href="/wiki/Calore" title="Calore">calore</a> e la conseguente espansione termica degli oceani sono notevolmente aumentati a partire dal 1950. Grazie all'avvento della Radar Altimetria da Satellite è stato possibile quantificare il contributo del riscaldamento degli oceani all'innalzamento del livello marino globale: nel periodo tra il 1993 e il 2010 questo contributo è stato valutato dell'ordine del 30%.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fusione_dei_ghiacci">Fusione dei ghiacci</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Fusione dei ghiacci" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Fusione dei ghiacci"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un contributo importante alla variazione di livello marino globale è dato, inoltre, dalla progressiva fusione dei <a href="/wiki/Ghiacciai" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghiacciai">ghiacciai</a> montani e della calotte glaciali di piccole dimensioni, particolarmente sensibili al riscaldamento globale che sta interessando il nostro <a href="/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta">pianeta</a> negli ultimi decenni. Per il periodo 1993-2010, il contributo di ghiacciai e calotte polari all'aumento del livello del mare è stato valutato dell'ordine del 30%.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contributo_antropico">Contributo antropico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Contributo antropico" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Contributo antropico"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'accelerazione subita dall'espansione termica degli oceani e dalla fusione dei ghiacciai e delle calotte glaciali negli ultimi decenni è legata alla massiccia immissione da parte degli esseri umani di gas serra nell'atmosfera, causa del <a href="/wiki/Riscaldamento_globale" title="Riscaldamento globale">riscaldamento</a>. La comunità scientifica è infatti ormai concorde nell'attribuire alle attività umane la causa del <a href="/wiki/Riscaldamento_globale" title="Riscaldamento globale">riscaldamento</a> e dunque anche del recente innalzamento del livello del mare<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nuove_ipotesi">Nuove ipotesi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Nuove ipotesi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Nuove ipotesi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>È stata proposta, dal gruppo di ricerca dell'<a href="/wiki/Istituto_nazionale_di_geofisica_e_vulcanologia" title="Istituto nazionale di geofisica e vulcanologia">Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (I.N.G.V.)</a> di <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> una nuova ipotesi su una possibile relazione tra le variazioni secolari del <a href="/wiki/Campo_geomagnetico" title="Campo geomagnetico">campo magnetico terrestre</a> e quelle del livello marino globale. Tale ipotesi si basa sulla presenza di una significativa <a href="/wiki/Correlazione_(statistica)" title="Correlazione (statistica)">correlazione</a> tra gli andamenti del livello globale degli oceani e il totale dell'area coperta da un'<a href="/wiki/Anomalia_del_Sud_Atlantico" title="Anomalia del Sud Atlantico">anomalia del campo magnetico terrestre osservata nel Sud Atlantico</a> (la <i><a href="/wiki/Anomalia_del_Sud_Atlantico" title="Anomalia del Sud Atlantico">South Atlantic Anomaly</a></i>, o SAA) nei 3 secoli precedenti. La presenza di questa correlazione suggerisce l'esistenza di una possibile relazione causale tra le due quantità e, se quest'ultima fosse confermata, entrambe le variazioni potrebbero avere un'origine comune nella <a href="/wiki/Dinamica_(fisica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinamica (fisica)">dinamica</a> del <a href="/wiki/Nucleo_esterno" title="Nucleo esterno">nucleo fluido esterno</a> della Terra. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> F. De Fiore, <span style="font-style:italic;">Monografia di Maida</span>, Nicastro, Tipografia F. Bevilacqua, 1894.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> G. Milne, W. Hughes, M. Tamisiea, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/7472/1/Milne_et_al_NatureGeo_2009_SeaLevelReview_postprint.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Identifying the causes of sea-level change</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Nature Geoscience</span>, vol. 2, 2009, pp. 471-478, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fngeo544">10.1038/ngeo544</a>. <small>URL consultato il 9 settembre 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_s-l-m" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/s-l-m"><span style="font-style:italic;">s.l.m.</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – <a href="/wiki/Vocabolario_Treccani" title="Vocabolario Treccani">Vocabolario Treccani</a> on line</span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> B. Meyssignac, A. Cazenave, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ask-force.org/web/Global-Warming/Meyssignac-Sea-Level-Review-2012.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sea level: A review of present-day and recent-past changes and variability</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Journal of Geodynamics</span>, vol. 58, n. 2012, 2012, pp. 96-109, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jog.2012.03.005">10.1016/j.jog.2012.03.005</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> J.A. Church, J.M. Gregory, N.J. Whlite, S.M. Platten, J.M. Mitrovica, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131020171011/http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/24-2_church.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Understanding and projecting sea level change</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Oceanography</span>, vol. 24, n. 2, 2011, pp. 130-143, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5670%2Foceanog.2011.33">10.5670/oceanog.2011.33</a>. <small>URL consultato il 9 settembre 2013</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/24-2_church.pdf">url originale</abbr> il 20 ottobre 2013)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> J.A. 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White, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10712-011-9119-1.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sea-level rise from the late 19th to the early 21st century</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>), in <span style="font-style:italic;">Surveys Geophys</span>, vol. 32, n. 4/5, 2011, pp. 585-602, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10712-011-9119-1">10.1007/s10712-011-9119-1</a>. <small>URL consultato il 9 settembre 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ilpost.it/2019/09/25/rapporto-speciale-ipcc-riscaldamento-globale-oceani-ghiacci/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Il nuovo rapporto dell’ONU sul clima che parla di gravi danni agli oceani e ai ghiacci</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Il Post</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) A. De Santis, E. Qamili, G. Spada, P. Gasperini, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.ingv.it/pro/terrasol/space/DeSantis_et_al_JASTP_2012.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">Geomagnetic South Atlantic Anomaly and global sea level rise: A direct connection?</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554517">.mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:#ffeaea;color:#444444}.mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#EE0700}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento{background:rgba(179,36,36,0.21);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .chiarimento-apice{color:#b32424}}</style><span class="chiarimento" title="A volte può capitare che un link presente su Wikipedia non sia più raggiungibile. Se possibile ritrova il link e inserisci il collegamento corretto, comunque non rimuovere il collegamento e inserisci il template {{Collegamento interrotto}}"></span><sup class="noprint chiarimento-apice" title="A volte può capitare che un link presente su Wikipedia non sia più raggiungibile. Se possibile ritrova il link e inserisci il collegamento corretto, comunque non rimuovere il collegamento e inserisci il template {{Collegamento interrotto}}">[<i><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Collegamenti_interrotti" title="Aiuto:Collegamenti interrotti">collegamento interrotto</a></i>]</sup>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics</span>, vol. 74, 2012, pp. 129-135, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jastp.2011.10.015">10.1016/j.jastp.2011.10.015</a>. <small>URL consultato il 9 settembre 2013</small>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altitudine" title="Altitudine">Altitudine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordinate_geografiche" title="Coordinate geografiche">Coordinate geografiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gas_serra" title="Gas serra">Gas serra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoide" title="Geoide">Geoide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghiacciai" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghiacciai">Ghiacciai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normalnull" title="Normalnull">Normalnull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nucleo_terrestre" title="Nucleo terrestre">Nucleo terrestre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceani" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceani">Oceani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riscaldamento_globale" title="Riscaldamento globale">Riscaldamento globale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superficie_terrestre" class="mw-redirect" title="Superficie terrestre">Superficie terrestre</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Sea level"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sea_level?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sea_level?uselang=it">livello del mare</a></span></b></li> <li><a href="https://it.wikibooks.org/wiki/Applicazioni_pratiche_di_machine_learning/Previsioni_sul_livello_del_mare" class="extiw" title="b:Applicazioni pratiche di machine learning/Previsioni sul livello del mare">Wikibooks - Previsioni sul livello del mare tramite machine learning</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Livello_del_mare&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/sea-level"><span style="font-style:italic;">sea level</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/mean-sea-level"><span style="font-style:italic;">mean sea level</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125465#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121109202608/http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=588&Itemid=138"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sea level rise - How much and how fast will sea level rise over the coming centuries? Past.</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ice.tsu.ru</span>. <small>URL consultato il 29 febbraio 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=588&Itemid=138">url originale</abbr> il 9 novembre 2012)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121109202544/http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=587&Itemid=138"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sea level rise - How much and how fast will sea level rise over the coming centuries? Present</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">ice.tsu.ru</span>. <small>URL consultato il 29 febbraio 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=587&Itemid=138">url originale</abbr> il 9 novembre 2012)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85119230">sh85119230</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4169254-8">4169254-8</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00564633">00564633</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; 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