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href="#Domestication_in_the_Neolithic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Domestication in the Neolithic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domestication_in_the_Neolithic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Columbian_Exchange" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Columbian_Exchange"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Columbian Exchange</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Columbian_Exchange-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Feral_pigs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Feral_pigs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Feral pigs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Feral_pigs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reproduction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reproduction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Reproduction</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Reproduction-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Reproduction subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Reproduction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Physiology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physiology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Physiology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physiology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nest-building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nest-building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Nest-building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nest-building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nursing_and_suckling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nursing_and_suckling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Nursing and suckling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nursing_and_suckling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teat_order" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teat_order"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Teat order</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teat_order-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behaviour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behaviour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Behaviour</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Behaviour-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Behaviour subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Behaviour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Social" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Social</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Temperature_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temperature_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Temperature control</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temperature_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eating,_feeding,_sleeping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eating,_feeding,_sleeping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Eating, feeding, sleeping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eating,_feeding,_sleeping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Intelligence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intelligence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Intelligence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intelligence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Senses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pests_and_diseases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pests_and_diseases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Pests and diseases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pests_and_diseases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In agriculture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_agriculture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In agriculture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Breeds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Breeds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Breeds</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Breeds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_pets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_pets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>As pets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_pets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Products</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>In medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact_of_pig_husbandry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact_of_pig_husbandry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Impact of pig husbandry</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Impact_of_pig_husbandry-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Impact of pig husbandry subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Impact_of_pig_husbandry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-On_public_health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_public_health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>On public health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_public_health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_the_environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_the_environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>On the environment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_the_environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_animal_welfare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_animal_welfare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>On animal welfare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_animal_welfare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>In culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pig</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 185 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-185" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">185 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bui" title="Bui – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bui" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vark" title="Vark – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vark" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausschwein" title="Hausschwein – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hausschwein" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A3%E1%88%B3%E1%88%9B" title="ኣሳማ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኣሳማ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C4%ABn" title="Swīn – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Swīn" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81" title="خنزير أليف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خنزير أليف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domesticus" title="Sus scrofa domesticus – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sus scrofa domesticus" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cayon" title="Cayon – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Cayon" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF" title="গাহৰি – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="গাহৰি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gochu" title="Gochu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gochu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokoc" title="Kokoc – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Kokoc" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0" title="सूअर – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सूअर" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kure" title="Kure – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kure" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Болъон – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Болъон" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khuchi" title="Khuchi – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Khuchi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ev_donuzu" title="Ev donuzu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ev donuzu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kucit" title="Kucit – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kucit" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0" title="শূকর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শূকর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti" title="Ti – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ti" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81%D2%A1%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Йорт сусҡаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Йорт сусҡаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Свіння свойская – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Свіння свойская" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Сьвіньня – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сьвіньня" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urig" title="Urig – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Urig" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Домашна свиня – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Домашна свиня" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facken" title="Facken – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Facken" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%95%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8D" title="ཕག་པ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཕག་པ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svinja" title="Svinja – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Svinja" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemoc%27h" title="Pemoc'h – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Pemoc'h" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porc" title="Porc – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Porc" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baboy" title="Baboy – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Baboy" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prase_dom%C3%A1c%C3%AD" title="Prase domácí – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Prase domácí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguruve" title="Nguruve – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nguruve" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nkhumba" title="Nkhumba – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Nkhumba" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcu" title="Porcu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Porcu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mochyn_(dof)" title="Mochyn (dof) – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mochyn (dof)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuruchu" title="Kuruchu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Kuruchu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamsvin" title="Tamsvin – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tamsvin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sau" title="Sau – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Sau" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausschwein" title="Hausschwein – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hausschwein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis%C3%B3odi_(dabil%C4%AF%CC%81%C4%AF%CA%BCii)" title="Bisóodi (dabilį́įʼii) – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bisóodi (dabilį́įʼii)" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siga" title="Siga – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Siga" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Οικόσιτος χοίρος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οικόσιτος χοίρος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nim%C3%AAl" title="Nimêl – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Nimêl" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Туво – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Туво" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domestica" title="Sus scrofa domestica – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sus scrofa domestica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porko" title="Porko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Porko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domestica" title="Sus scrofa domestica – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Sus scrofa domestica" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Txerri" title="Txerri – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Txerri" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha" title="Ha – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Ha" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C" title="خوک اهلی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوک اهلی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suwar" title="Suwar – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Suwar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porc" title="Porc – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Porc" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baarch" title="Baarch – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Baarch" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purcit" title="Purcit – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Purcit" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muc" title="Muc – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Muc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muc" title="Muc – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Muc" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muc" title="Muc – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Muc" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porco" title="Porco – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Porco" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Коара хьакха – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Коара хьакха" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BB-%C3%A9" title="Chû-é – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chû-é" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%BC%EC%A7%80" title="돼지 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="돼지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aladu" title="Aladu – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Aladu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B8%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%AD%D5%B8%D5%A6" title="Ընտանի խոզ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ընտանի խոզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0" title="सूअर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सूअर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doma%C4%87a_svinja" title="Domaća svinja – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Domaća svinja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porko" title="Porko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Porko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napaamo_a_baboy" title="Napaamo a baboy – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Napaamo a baboy" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babi" title="Babi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Babi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porco" title="Porco – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Porco" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuttuq%C5%82uk" title="Tuttuqłuk – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Tuttuqłuk" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Хуы – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хуы" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sv%C3%ADn" title="Svín – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Svín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domesticus" title="Sus scrofa domesticus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sus scrofa domesticus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="חזיר הבית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חזיר הבית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babi" title="Babi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Babi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babi" title="Babi – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Babi" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="შინაური ღორი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შინაური ღორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1" title="سور – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سور" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%B4c%C3%B4_swinia" title="Domôcô swinia – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Domôcô swinia" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%B9_%D1%88%D0%BE%D1%88%D2%9B%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Үй шошқасы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Үй шошқасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hogh" title="Hogh – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Hogh" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguruwe-kaya" title="Nguruwe-kaya – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nguruwe-kaya" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngulu" title="Ngulu – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ngulu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulol_(Sus_scrofa_domesticus)" title="Bulol (Sus scrofa domesticus) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Bulol (Sus scrofa domesticus)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kochon" title="Kochon – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kochon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beraz%C3%AA_ked%C3%AE" title="Berazê kedî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Berazê kedî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сасна – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Сасна" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purcel" title="Purcel – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Purcel" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerko" title="Puerko – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Puerko" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Дунгъуз – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Дунгъуз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%9D%E0%BA%B9" title="ໝູ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໝູ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcus" title="Porcus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Porcus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81jas_c%C5%ABka" title="Mājas cūka – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mājas cūka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiaul%C4%97" title="Kiaulė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kiaulė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bawi" title="Bawi – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Bawi" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B2rco" title="Pòrco – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Pòrco" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%BAlu" title="Ngúlu – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ngúlu" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domestica" title="Sus scrofa domestica – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sus scrofa domestica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1zi_sert%C3%A9s" title="Házi sertés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Házi sertés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisoa" title="Kisoa – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kisoa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="വളർത്തു പന്നി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വളർത്തു പന്നി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A6an%C5%BCir" title="Ħanżir – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ħanżir" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A6%E1%83%94%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98" title="ღეჯი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ღეჯი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="خنزير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خنزير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%8C" title="خی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="خی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babi" title="Babi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Babi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kandiak" title="Kandiak – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kandiak" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%B9%B3%CC%86" title="Dṳ̆ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dṳ̆" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%B6%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Тэжээвэр гахай – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тэжээвэр гахай" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ဝက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuaka" title="Vuaka – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vuaka" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varken_(tam)" title="Varken (tam) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Varken (tam)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4rken" title="Värken – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Värken" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE" title="फा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="फा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%82%BF" title="ブタ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブタ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puorco" title="Puorco – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Puorco" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swin" title="Swin – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Swin" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gris" title="Gris – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gris" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gris" title="Gris – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gris" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domesticus" title="Sus scrofa domesticus – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sus scrofa domesticus" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cho%CA%BBchqa" title="Choʻchqa – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Choʻchqa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0" title="ਸੂਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੂਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausschwein" title="Hausschwein – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Hausschwein" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1" title="سور – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سور" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D9%88%DA%AF" title="اهلي خوگ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اهلي خوگ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cou%C3%A9chon" title="Couéchon – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Couéchon" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crin" title="Crin – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Crin" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swien" title="Swien – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Swien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awinia_domowa" title="Świnia domowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Świnia domowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porco_dom%C3%A9stico" title="Porco doméstico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Porco doméstico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porc_domestic" title="Porc domestic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Porc domestic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khuchi" title="Khuchi – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Khuchi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Свиня домашня – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Свиня домашня" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F" title="Домашняя свинья – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Домашняя свинья" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%B8%D1%8D_%D1%87%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Дьиэ чооскута – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьиэ чооскута" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/pabuy" title="pabuy – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="pabuy" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9E_%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱹᱥᱩᱞ ᱥᱩᱠᱨᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcu" title="Porcu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Porcu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_pig" title="Domestic pig – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Domestic pig" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derri" title="Derri – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Derri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domestica" title="Sus scrofa domestica – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Sus scrofa domestica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%82_%E0%B6%8C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F" title="ගං ඌරා – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ගං ඌරා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig" title="Pig – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Pig" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svi%C5%88a_dom%C3%A1ca" title="Sviňa domáca – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sviňa domáca" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doma%C4%8Di_pra%C5%A1i%C4%8D" title="Domači prašič – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Domači prašič" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doofaar" title="Doofaar – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Doofaar" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%88%DA%AF" title="خووگ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خووگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B0" title="Домаћа свиња – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Домаћа свиња" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doma%C4%87a_svinja" title="Domaća svinja – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Domaća svinja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagong" title="Bagong – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bagong" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sika" title="Sika – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sika" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gris" title="Gris – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gris" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baboy" title="Baboy – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Baboy" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="வீட்டுப் பன்றி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வீட்டுப் பன்றி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B4%D1%83%D2%A3%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Йорт дуңгызы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Йорт дуңгызы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/bzyok" title="bzyok – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="bzyok" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF" title="పంది – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పంది" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9" title="หมู – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หมู" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%C9%9Br" title="Diɛr – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Diɛr" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evcil_domuz" title="Evcil domuz – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Evcil domuz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1kusuru" title="A̱kusuru – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱kusuru" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Свиня свійська – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Свиня свійська" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A4%D8%B1" title="سؤر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سؤر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mou" title="Mou – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Mou" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domesticus" title="Sus scrofa domesticus – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sus scrofa domesticus" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siga" title="Siga – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Siga" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%A3n_nh%C3%A0" title="Lợn nhà – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lợn nhà" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svin" title="Svin – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Svin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pourcea" title="Pourcea – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pourcea" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%BC%C3%BCl%C3%BCk%C3%BC" title="Püülükü – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Püülükü" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%AC" title="豬 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="豬" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwyn" title="Zwyn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Zwyn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaga_nga_baboy" title="Alaga nga baboy – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Alaga nga baboy" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbaam" title="Mbaam – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Mbaam" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8C%AA%E7%8C%A1" title="猪猡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="猪猡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A8" title="חזיר – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="חזיר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%AC" title="豬 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="豬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xozi" title="Xozi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Xozi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C5%A1os" title="Paršos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Paršos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%B6%E8%B1%AC" title="家豬 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="家豬" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babi" title="Babi – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Babi" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogok" title="Ogok – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Ogok" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agluza" title="Agluza – Fon" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Agluza" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="Fon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jani" title="Jani – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jani" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%9B%E1%A5%A7%E1%A5%B4" title="ᥛᥧᥴ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥛᥧᥴ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q787#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pig" 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Domesticated omnivorous even-toed ungulate</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the domestic farm animal. For other animals known as "swine", see <a href="/wiki/Suina" title="Suina">Suina</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Swine_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Swine (disambiguation)">Swine (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pig_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Pig (disambiguation)">Pig (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Pig </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Pig_farm_Vampula_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pig_farm_Vampula_1.jpg/220px-Pig_farm_Vampula_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pig_farm_Vampula_1.jpg/330px-Pig_farm_Vampula_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Pig_farm_Vampula_1.jpg/440px-Pig_farm_Vampula_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5005" data-file-height="3100" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Domestic pigs </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center">Domesticated <small></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Sus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Artiodactyl" title="Artiodactyl">Artiodactyla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suidae" title="Suidae">Suidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sus_(genus)" title="Sus (genus)"><i>Sus</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>S. domesticus</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Sus domesticus</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christian_Polycarp_Erxleben" title="Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben">Erxleben</a>, 1777</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-Groves_1995_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Groves_1995-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Sus domestica</i></li> <li><i>Sus scrofa domesticus</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/10th_edition_of_Systema_Naturae" title="10th edition of Systema Naturae">1758</a></small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>pig</b> (<i><b>Sus domesticus</b></i>), also called <b>swine</b> (<abbr title="plural form">pl.</abbr>: swine) or <b>hog</b>, is an <a href="/wiki/Omnivore" title="Omnivore">omnivorous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">domesticated</a>, <a href="/wiki/Even-toed_ungulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Even-toed ungulate">even-toed, hoofed mammal</a>. It is named the <b>domestic pig</b> when distinguishing it from other members of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Sus_(genus)" title="Sus (genus)">Sus</a></i>. It is considered a <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> of <i>Sus scrofa</i> (the <a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">wild boar</a> or Eurasian boar) by some authorities, but as a distinct <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> by others. Pigs were domesticated in the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a>, both in East Asia and in the Near East. When domesticated pigs arrived in Europe, they extensively interbred with wild boar but retained their domesticated features. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pig_farming" title="Pig farming">Pigs are farmed</a> primarily for meat, called <a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">pork</a>. The animal's skin or <a href="/wiki/Hide_(skin)" title="Hide (skin)">hide</a> is used for <a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">leather</a>. China is the world's largest pork producer, followed by the European Union and then the United States. Around 1.5 billion pigs are raised each year, producing some 120 million tonnes of meat, often cured as <a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">bacon</a>. Some are kept as <a href="/wiki/Pet" title="Pet">pets</a>. </p><p>Pigs have featured <a href="/wiki/Pigs_in_culture" title="Pigs in culture">in human culture</a> since Neolithic times, appearing in art and literature for children and adults, and celebrated in cities such as <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a> for their meat products. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div> <p>The pig has a large head, with a long snout strengthened by a special prenasal bone and a disk of <a href="/wiki/Cartilage" title="Cartilage">cartilage</a> at the tip.<sup id="cite_ref-ADW_Sus_scrofa_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADW_Sus_scrofa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The snout is used to dig into the soil to find food and is an acute sense organ. The <a href="/wiki/Dental_formula" class="mw-redirect" title="Dental formula">dental formula</a> of adult pigs is <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:-0.5em; font-size:85%; text-align:center;"><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; padding:0 0.1em;" title="upper dentition: Incisors.Canines.Premolars.Molars">3.1.4.3</span><span style="display:block; line-height:1em; padding:0 0.1em; border-top:1px solid;" title="lower dentition: Incisors.Canines.Premolars.Molars">3.1.4.3</span></span></span>, giving a total of 44 <a href="/wiki/Tooth" title="Tooth">teeth</a>. The rear teeth are adapted for crushing. In males, the canine teeth can form <a href="/wiki/Tusk" title="Tusk">tusks</a>, which grow continuously and are sharpened by grinding against each other.<sup id="cite_ref-ADW_Sus_scrofa_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADW_Sus_scrofa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are four <a href="/wiki/Hoof" title="Hoof">hoofed</a> toes on each foot; the two larger central toes bear most of the weight, while the outer two are also used in soft ground.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most pigs have rather sparsely <a href="/wiki/Bristle" title="Bristle">bristled</a> hair on their skin, though there are some <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">woolly</a>-coated breeds such as the <a href="/wiki/Mangalitsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangalitsa">Mangalitsa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adult pigs generally weigh between 140 and 300 kg (310 and 660 lb), though some breeds can exceed this range. Exceptionally, a pig called Big Bill weighed 1,157 kg (2,551 lb) and had a shoulder height of 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Bradford_Dutfield_2018_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bradford_Dutfield_2018-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pigs possess both <a href="/wiki/Apocrine_sweat_gland" title="Apocrine sweat gland">apocrine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eccrine_sweat_gland" title="Eccrine sweat gland">eccrine sweat glands</a>, although the latter are limited to the snout.<sup id="cite_ref-Sumena_2010_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sumena_2010-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs, like other "hairless" mammals such as elephants, do not use thermal sweat glands in cooling.<sup id="cite_ref-Folk_and_Semken,_(1991)_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Folk_and_Semken,_(1991)-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs are less able than many other mammals to dissipate heat from wet <a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane" title="Mucous membrane">mucous membranes</a> in the mouth by panting. Their <a href="/wiki/Thermal_neutral_zone" title="Thermal neutral zone">thermoneutral</a> zone is 16–22 °C (61–72 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At higher temperatures, pigs lose heat by <a href="/wiki/Wallowing_in_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallowing in animals">wallowing</a> in mud or water via evaporative cooling, although it has been suggested that wallowing may serve other functions, such as protection from sunburn, <a href="/wiki/Parasitism" title="Parasitism">ecto-parasite</a> control, and scent-marking.<sup id="cite_ref-Bracke_2011_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bracke_2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs are among four mammalian species with mutations in the <a href="/wiki/Nicotinic_acetylcholine_receptor" title="Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor">nicotinic acetylcholine receptor</a> that protect against <a href="/wiki/Snake_venom" title="Snake venom">snake venom</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mongoose" title="Mongoose">Mongooses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honey_badger" title="Honey badger">honey badgers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hedgehog" title="Hedgehog">hedgehogs</a>, and pigs all have different modifications to the receptor pocket which prevents <a href="/wiki/Snake_venom#α-neurotoxins" title="Snake venom">α-neurotoxin</a> from binding.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs have small lungs for their body size, and are thus more susceptible than other domesticated animals to fatal <a href="/wiki/Bronchitis" title="Bronchitis">bronchitis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Genome" title="Genome">genome</a> of the pig has been sequenced; it contains about 22,342 <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>-coding <a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">genes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Su%C3%ADno_alta_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skeleton"><img alt="Skeleton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Su%C3%ADno_alta_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Su%C3%ADno_alta_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Su%C3%ADno_alta_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Su%C3%ADno_alta_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Su%C3%ADno_alta_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Su%C3%ADno_alta_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3355" data-file-height="2074" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Skeleton</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Domestic_pig_skull_(cropped).jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Skull"><img alt="Skull" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Domestic_pig_skull_%28cropped%29.jpeg/199px-Domestic_pig_skull_%28cropped%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="199" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Domestic_pig_skull_%28cropped%29.jpeg/298px-Domestic_pig_skull_%28cropped%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Domestic_pig_skull_%28cropped%29.jpeg/397px-Domestic_pig_skull_%28cropped%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1662" data-file-height="1507" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Skull</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pig_hand_skeleton_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bones of the foot"><img alt="Bones of the foot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Pig_hand_skeleton_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Pig_hand_skeleton_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Pig_hand_skeleton_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Pig_hand_skeleton_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Pig_hand_skeleton_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Pig_hand_skeleton_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3123" data-file-height="1960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bones of the foot</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Phylogeny">Phylogeny</h3></div> <p>Domestic pigs are related to other pig species as shown in the <a href="/wiki/Cladogram" title="Cladogram">cladogram</a>, based on phylogenetic analysis using <a href="/wiki/Mitochondrial_DNA" title="Mitochondrial DNA">mitochondrial DNA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Suidae" title="Suidae">Suidae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Babirusa" title="Babirusa">Babirusa</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hirscheber1a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hirscheber1a.jpg/80px-Hirscheber1a.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hirscheber1a.jpg/120px-Hirscheber1a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hirscheber1a.jpg/160px-Hirscheber1a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"><i>Indonesia</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Red_river_hog" title="Red river hog">Red river hog</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_River_Hog_Smelling_(22008101555).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_River_Hog_Smelling_%2822008101555%29.jpg/80px-Red_River_Hog_Smelling_%2822008101555%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_River_Hog_Smelling_%2822008101555%29.jpg/120px-Red_River_Hog_Smelling_%2822008101555%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_River_Hog_Smelling_%2822008101555%29.jpg/160px-Red_River_Hog_Smelling_%2822008101555%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3683" data-file-height="2455" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Warthog" title="Warthog">Warthogs</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Southern_warthog_(Phacochoerus_africanus_sundevallii)_male.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Southern_warthog_%28Phacochoerus_africanus_sundevallii%29_male.jpg/80px-Southern_warthog_%28Phacochoerus_africanus_sundevallii%29_male.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Southern_warthog_%28Phacochoerus_africanus_sundevallii%29_male.jpg/120px-Southern_warthog_%28Phacochoerus_africanus_sundevallii%29_male.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Southern_warthog_%28Phacochoerus_africanus_sundevallii%29_male.jpg/160px-Southern_warthog_%28Phacochoerus_africanus_sundevallii%29_male.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5004" data-file-height="3336" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"><i>Africa</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Visayan_warty_pig" title="Visayan warty pig">Visayan warty pig</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VisayanWartyPig01_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/VisayanWartyPig01_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-VisayanWartyPig01_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/VisayanWartyPig01_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-VisayanWartyPig01_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/VisayanWartyPig01_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-VisayanWartyPig01_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3920" data-file-height="2833" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Philippine_warty_pig" title="Philippine warty pig">Philippine warty pig</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Philippine_warty_pig_(Sus_philippensis)_in_Philippine_Eagle_Center,_Davao,_Philippines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Philippine_warty_pig_%28Sus_philippensis%29_in_Philippine_Eagle_Center%2C_Davao%2C_Philippines.jpg/80px-Philippine_warty_pig_%28Sus_philippensis%29_in_Philippine_Eagle_Center%2C_Davao%2C_Philippines.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Philippine_warty_pig_%28Sus_philippensis%29_in_Philippine_Eagle_Center%2C_Davao%2C_Philippines.jpg/120px-Philippine_warty_pig_%28Sus_philippensis%29_in_Philippine_Eagle_Center%2C_Davao%2C_Philippines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Philippine_warty_pig_%28Sus_philippensis%29_in_Philippine_Eagle_Center%2C_Davao%2C_Philippines.jpg/160px-Philippine_warty_pig_%28Sus_philippensis%29_in_Philippine_Eagle_Center%2C_Davao%2C_Philippines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="746" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Bornean_bearded_pig" title="Bornean bearded pig">Bornean bearded pig</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bornean_bearded_pig.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Bornean_bearded_pig.jpg/80px-Bornean_bearded_pig.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Bornean_bearded_pig.jpg/120px-Bornean_bearded_pig.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Bornean_bearded_pig.jpg/160px-Bornean_bearded_pig.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3416" data-file-height="2532" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Javan_warty_pig" title="Javan warty pig">Javan warty pig</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sus_verrucosus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sus_verrucosus.png/80px-Sus_verrucosus.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sus_verrucosus.png/120px-Sus_verrucosus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sus_verrucosus.png/160px-Sus_verrucosus.png 2x" data-file-width="1204" data-file-height="802" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/Sus_scrofa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sus scrofa">Wild boar</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wildschwein,_N%C3%A4he_Pulverstampftor_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wildschwein%2C_N%C3%A4he_Pulverstampftor_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Wildschwein%2C_N%C3%A4he_Pulverstampftor_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wildschwein%2C_N%C3%A4he_Pulverstampftor_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-Wildschwein%2C_N%C3%A4he_Pulverstampftor_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Wildschwein%2C_N%C3%A4he_Pulverstampftor_%28cropped%29.jpg/160px-Wildschwein%2C_N%C3%A4he_Pulverstampftor_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2496" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><b>Domestic pig</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>East Asian pigs <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Meishan_pig.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Meishan_pig.JPG/80px-Meishan_pig.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Meishan_pig.JPG/120px-Meishan_pig.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Meishan_pig.JPG/160px-Meishan_pig.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2504" data-file-height="1756" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p>European pigs <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gloucester_Old_Spot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Gloucester_Old_Spot.jpg/80px-Gloucester_Old_Spot.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Gloucester_Old_Spot.jpg/120px-Gloucester_Old_Spot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Gloucester_Old_Spot.jpg/160px-Gloucester_Old_Spot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1537" data-file-height="962" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"><i>Eurasia</i> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"><i>Southeast Asia</i> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h3></div> <p>The pig is most often considered to be a <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">wild boar</a>, which was given the name <i>Sus scrofa</i> by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a> in 1758; following from this, the formal name of the pig is <i>Sus scrofa domesticus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gentry_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gentry-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in 1777, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Christian_Polycarp_Erxleben" title="Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben">Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben</a> classified the pig as a separate <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> from the wild boar. He gave it the name <i>Sus domesticus</i>, still used by some taxonomists.<sup id="cite_ref-gentry2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gentry2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Mammalogists" title="American Society of Mammalogists">American Society of Mammalogists</a> considers it a separate species.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestication_in_the_Neolithic">Domestication in the Neolithic</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">Domestication</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bosse_2018_pig_lineages.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Bosse_2018_pig_lineages.png/330px-Bosse_2018_pig_lineages.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Bosse_2018_pig_lineages.png/495px-Bosse_2018_pig_lineages.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Bosse_2018_pig_lineages.png/660px-Bosse_2018_pig_lineages.png 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>The initial emergence of wild pigs, followed by the genetic divergence between boars and pigs and the domestication of pigs <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Archaeological evidence shows that pigs were <a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">domesticated</a> from wild boar in the <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a> in or around the <a href="/wiki/Tigris" title="Tigris">Tigris</a> Basin,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> being managed in a semi-wild state much as they are managed by some modern New Guineans.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were pigs in <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> more than 11,400 years ago, introduced from the mainland, implying domestication in the adjacent mainland by then.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs were separately domesticated in China, starting some 8,000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Giuffra_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giuffra-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Near East, pig husbandry spread for the next few millennia. It reduced gradually during the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>, as rural populations instead focused on commodity-producing livestock, but it was sustained in cities.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Domestication did not involve reproductive isolation with population bottlenecks. Western Asian pigs were introduced into Europe, where they crossed with wild boar. There appears to have been interbreeding with a now extinct <a href="/wiki/Ghost_population" title="Ghost population">ghost population</a> of wild pigs during the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>. The genomes of domestic pigs show strong selection for genes affecting behavior and morphology. Human selection for domestic traits likely counteracted the homogenizing effect of gene flow from wild boars and created <a href="/wiki/Domestication_islands" title="Domestication islands">domestication islands</a> in the genome.<sup id="cite_ref-frantz2015_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frantz2015-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pennisi2015_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pennisi2015-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs arrived in Europe from the Near East at least 8,500 years ago. Over the next 3,000 years they interbred with European wild boar until their genome showed less than 5% Near Eastern ancestry, yet retained their domesticated features.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> evidence from subfossil remains of teeth and jawbones of Neolithic pigs shows that the first domestic pigs in Europe were brought from the Near East. This stimulated the domestication of local European wild boar, resulting in a third domestication event with the Near Eastern genes dying out in European pig stock. More recently there have been complex exchanges, with European domesticated lines being exported, in turn, to the ancient Near East.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historical records indicate that Asian pigs were again introduced into Europe during the 18th and early 19th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-Giuffra_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giuffra-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Columbian_Exchange">Columbian Exchange</h3></div> <p>Among the animals that the Spanish introduced to the <a href="/wiki/Chilo%C3%A9_Archipelago" title="Chiloé Archipelago">Chiloé Archipelago</a> in the 16th century <a href="/wiki/Columbian_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbian Exchange">Columbian Exchange</a>, pigs were the most successful in adapting to local conditions. The pigs benefited from abundant <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Algae" title="Algae">algae</a> exposed by the large <a href="/wiki/Tide" title="Tide">tides</a> of the archipelago.<sup id="cite_ref-Torrejonetal2004_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torrejonetal2004-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs were brought to southeastern North America from Europe by <a href="/wiki/Hernando_de_Soto_(explorer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hernando de Soto (explorer)">de Soto</a> and other early Spanish <a href="/wiki/Exploration" title="Exploration">explorers</a>. Escaped pigs became <a href="/wiki/Feral_pig" title="Feral pig">feral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Feral_pigs">Feral pigs</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Feral_pig" title="Feral pig">Feral pig</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wild_hogs_family_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Wild_hogs_family_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Wild_hogs_family_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Wild_hogs_family_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Wild_hogs_family_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Wild_hogs_family_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Wild_hogs_family_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2775" data-file-height="1787" /></a><figcaption>A family of feral pigs</figcaption></figure> <p>Pigs have escaped from farms and gone <a href="/wiki/Feral" title="Feral">feral</a> in many parts of the world. Feral pigs in the southeastern United States have migrated north to the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwest</a>, where many state agencies have programs to remove them.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Feral pigs in New Zealand and northern <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a> have caused substantial environmental damage.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Feral hybrids of the European wild boar with the domestic pig are disruptive to both environment and agriculture, as they destroy crops, spread animal diseases including <a href="/wiki/Foot-and-mouth_disease" title="Foot-and-mouth disease">Foot-and-mouth disease</a>, and consume wildlife such as juvenile seabirds and young <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoises</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Feral pig damage is especially an issue in southeastern South America.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physiology">Physiology</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_breeding_of_animals_(1917)_(20385751936).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820385751936%29.jpg/200px-The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820385751936%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820385751936%29.jpg/300px-The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820385751936%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820385751936%29.jpg/400px-The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820385751936%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Reproductive_system" title="Reproductive system">Reproductive system</a> of the boar</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_breeding_of_animals_(1917)_(20412003625).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820412003625%29.jpg/200px-The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820412003625%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820412003625%29.jpg/300px-The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820412003625%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820412003625%29.jpg/400px-The_breeding_of_animals_%281917%29_%2820412003625%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2094" data-file-height="2460" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Reproductive system of the sow</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Female pigs reach sexual maturity at 3–12 months of age and come into <a href="/wiki/Estrous_cycle" title="Estrous cycle">estrus</a> every 18–24 days if they are not successfully bred. The variation in ovulation rate can be attributed to intrinsic factors such as age and genotype, as well as extrinsic factors like nutrition, environment, and the supplementation of exogenous hormones. The gestation period averages 112–120 days.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Piglets_IMG_5523.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Piglets_IMG_5523.jpg/220px-Piglets_IMG_5523.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Piglets_IMG_5523.jpg/330px-Piglets_IMG_5523.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Piglets_IMG_5523.jpg/440px-Piglets_IMG_5523.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Piglets keeping warm together</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Estrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrus">Estrus</a> lasts two to three days, and the female's displayed receptiveness to mate is known as standing heat. Standing heat is a reflexive response that is stimulated when the female is in contact with the saliva of a sexually mature boar. <a href="/wiki/Androstenol" title="Androstenol">Androstenol</a> is one of the pheromones produced in the submaxillary salivary glands of boars that trigger the female's response.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The female cervix contains a series of five interdigitating pads, or folds, that hold the boar's corkscrew-shaped penis during copulation.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Females have <a href="/wiki/Bicornuate_uterus" title="Bicornuate uterus">bicornuate uteruses</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Conceptus" title="Conceptus">conceptuses</a> must be present in both uterine horns to enable pregnancy to proceed.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mother's body recognises that it is pregnant on days 11 to 12 of pregnancy, and is marked by the <a href="/wiki/Corpus_luteum" title="Corpus luteum">corpus luteum</a>'s producing the sex hormone <a href="/wiki/Progesterone" title="Progesterone">progesterone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To sustain the pregnancy, the embryo signals to the corpus luteum with the hormones <a href="/wiki/Estradiol" title="Estradiol">estradiol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prostaglandin_E2" title="Prostaglandin E2">prostaglandin E2</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ziecik,_A._J._2018_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ziecik,_A._J._2018-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This signaling acts on both the endometrium and luteal tissue to prevent the regression of the corpus luteum by activation of genes that are responsible for corpus luteum maintenance.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During mid to late pregnancy, the corpus luteum relies primarily on <a href="/wiki/Luteinizing_hormone" title="Luteinizing hormone">luteinizing hormone</a> for maintenance until birth.<sup id="cite_ref-Ziecik,_A._J._2018_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ziecik,_A._J._2018-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archeological evidence indicates that medieval European pigs farrowed, or bore a litter of piglets, once per year.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the nineteenth century, European piglets routinely double-farrowed, or bore two litters of piglets per year. It is unclear when this shift occurred.<sup id="cite_ref-Bintliff_Earle_Peebles_2008_p._305_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bintliff_Earle_Peebles_2008_p._305-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs have a <a href="/wiki/Maximum_life_span" title="Maximum life span">maximum life span</a> of about 27 years.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid32361879_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid32361879-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nest-building">Nest-building</h3></div> <p>A characteristic of pigs which they share with carnivores is <a href="/wiki/Nest-building" class="mw-redirect" title="Nest-building">nest-building</a>. Sows root in the ground to create depressions the size of their body, and then build nest mounds, using twigs and leaves, softer in the middle, in which to give birth. When the mound reaches the desired height, she places large branches, up to 2 metres in length, on the surface. She enters the mound and roots around to create a depression within the gathered material. She then gives birth in a lying position, unlike other artiodactyls which usually stand while birthing.<sup id="cite_ref-Clutton-Brock_1987_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clutton-Brock_1987-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nest-building occurs during the last 24 hours before the onset of farrowing, and becomes most intense 12 to 6 hours before farrowing.<sup id="cite_ref-Algers_2007_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Algers_2007-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sow separates from the group and seeks a suitable nest site with well-drained soil and shelter from rain and wind. This provides the offspring with shelter, comfort, and thermoregulation. The nest provides protection against weather and predators, while keeping the piglets close to the sow and away from the rest of the herd. This ensures they do not get trampled on, and prevents other piglets from stealing milk from the sow.<sup id="cite_ref-Wischner_2009_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wischner_2009-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The onset of nest-building is triggered by a rise in prolactin level, caused by a decrease in progesterone and an increase in prostaglandin; the gathering of nest material seems to be regulated more by external stimuli such as temperature.<sup id="cite_ref-Algers_2007_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Algers_2007-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nursing_and_suckling">Nursing and suckling</h3></div> <p>Pigs have complex nursing and suckling behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-Fraser,_(1980)_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fraser,_(1980)-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nursing occurs every 50–60 minutes, and the sow requires stimulation from piglets before milk let-down. Sensory inputs (vocalisation, odours from mammary and birth fluids, and hair patterns of the sow) are particularly important immediately post-birth to facilitate teat location by the piglets.<sup id="cite_ref-Rohde_Parfet_and_Gonyou,_(1991)_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rohde_Parfet_and_Gonyou,_(1991)-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, the piglets compete for position at the udder; then the piglets massage around their respective teats with their snouts, during which time the sow grunts at slow, regular intervals. Each series of grunts varies in frequency, tone and magnitude, indicating the stages of nursing to the piglets.<sup id="cite_ref-Algers,_(1993)_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Algers,_(1993)-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The phase of competition for teats and of nosing the udder lasts for about a minute, ending when milk begins to flow. The piglets then hold the teats in their mouths and suck with slow mouth movements (one per second), and the rate of the sow's grunting increases for approximately 20 seconds. The grunt peak in the third phase of suckling does not coincide with milk ejection, but rather the release of oxytocin from the pituitary into the bloodstream.<sup id="cite_ref-Castren_et_al.,_(1989)_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Castren_et_al.,_(1989)-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Phase four coincides with the period of main milk flow (10–20 seconds) when the piglets suddenly withdraw slightly from the udder and start sucking with rapid mouth movements of about three per second. The sow grunts rapidly, lower in tone and often in quick runs of three or four, during this phase. Finally, the flow stops and so does the grunting of the sow. The piglets may dart from teat to teat and recommence suckling with slow movements, or nosing the udder. Piglets massage and suckle the sow's teats after milk flow ceases as a way of letting the sow know their nutritional status. This helps her to regulate the amount of milk released from that teat in future sucklings. The more intense the post-feed massaging of a teat, the more milk that teat later releases.<sup id="cite_ref-Jensen_et_al.,_(1998)_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jensen_et_al.,_(1998)-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pig,_Kilcullen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sows typically have 12–14 nipples."><img alt="Sows typically have 12–14 nipples." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Pig%2C_Kilcullen.jpg/220px-Pig%2C_Kilcullen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Pig%2C_Kilcullen.jpg/330px-Pig%2C_Kilcullen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Pig%2C_Kilcullen.jpg/440px-Pig%2C_Kilcullen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sows typically have 12–14 nipples.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PigCochon_allaitant.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A sow with suckling piglets"><img alt="A sow with suckling piglets" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PigCochon_allaitant.jpg/220px-PigCochon_allaitant.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PigCochon_allaitant.jpg/330px-PigCochon_allaitant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PigCochon_allaitant.jpg/440px-PigCochon_allaitant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A sow with suckling piglets</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teat_order">Teat order</h3></div> <p>In pigs, <a href="/wiki/Dominance_(ethology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominance (ethology)">dominance</a> hierarchies are formed at an early age. Piglets are precocious, and attempt to suckle soon after being born. The piglets are born with sharp teeth and fight for the <a href="/wiki/Anterior" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior">anterior</a> teats, as these produce more milk. Once established, this teat order remains stable; each piglet tends to feed on a particular teat or group of teats.<sup id="cite_ref-Clutton-Brock_1987_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clutton-Brock_1987-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stimulation of the anterior teats appears to be important in causing milk letdown,<sup id="cite_ref-Fraser,_(1973)_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fraser,_(1973)-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so it might be advantageous to the entire litter to have these teats occupied by healthy piglets. Piglets locate teats by sight and then by olfaction.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeppesen,_(1982)_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeppesen,_(1982)-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaviour">Behaviour</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social">Social</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yorkshire_pigs_at_animal_sanctuary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Yorkshire_pigs_at_animal_sanctuary.jpg/220px-Yorkshire_pigs_at_animal_sanctuary.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Yorkshire_pigs_at_animal_sanctuary.jpg/330px-Yorkshire_pigs_at_animal_sanctuary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Yorkshire_pigs_at_animal_sanctuary.jpg/440px-Yorkshire_pigs_at_animal_sanctuary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2751" data-file-height="2751" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/American_Yorkshire" title="American Yorkshire">American Yorkshire</a> pigs in a wallow</figcaption></figure> <p>Pig behaviour is intermediate between that of other <a href="/wiki/Artiodactyls" class="mw-redirect" title="Artiodactyls">artiodactyls</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Carnivora" title="Carnivora">carnivores</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Clutton-Brock_1987_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clutton-Brock_1987-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs seek out the company of other pigs and often huddle to maintain physical contact, but they do not naturally form large herds. They live in groups of about 8–10 adult sows, some young individuals, and some single males.<sup id="cite_ref-Algers_2007_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Algers_2007-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs confined in a simplified, crowded, or uncomfortable environment may resort to <a href="/wiki/Tail_biting_in_pigs" title="Tail biting in pigs">tail-biting</a>; farmers sometimes <a href="/wiki/Docking_(animal)" title="Docking (animal)">dock the tails</a> of pigs to prevent the problem, or may enrich the environment with toys or other objects to reduce the risk.<sup id="cite_ref-AHDB_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AHDB-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NADIS_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NADIS-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Temperature_control">Temperature control</h3></div> <p>Because of their relative lack of sweat glands, pigs often control their body temperature using behavioural thermoregulation. <a href="/wiki/Wallowing" title="Wallowing">Wallowing</a>, coating the body with mud, is a common behaviour.<sup id="cite_ref-Bracke_2011_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bracke_2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They do not submerge completely under the mud, but vary the depth and duration of wallowing depending on environmental conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-Bracke_2011_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bracke_2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adult pigs start wallowing once the ambient temperature is around 17–21 °C (63–70 °F). They cover themselves in mud from head to tail.<sup id="cite_ref-Bracke_2011_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bracke_2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They may use mud as a sunscreen, or to keep parasites away.<sup id="cite_ref-Bracke_2011_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bracke_2011-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most bristled pigs "blow their coat", meaning that they shed most of the longer, coarser stiff hair once a year, usually in spring or early summer, to prepare for the warmer months ahead.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eating,_feeding,_sleeping"><span id="Eating.2C_feeding.2C_sleeping"></span>Eating, feeding, sleeping</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Farm_Pigs_Feeding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Farm_Pigs_Feeding.jpg/220px-Farm_Pigs_Feeding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Farm_Pigs_Feeding.jpg/330px-Farm_Pigs_Feeding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Farm_Pigs_Feeding.jpg/440px-Farm_Pigs_Feeding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1388" data-file-height="863" /></a><figcaption>Pigs around a rotary feeder</figcaption></figure> <p>Where pigs are allowed to roam freely, they walk roughly 4 km daily, <a href="/wiki/Scavenger" title="Scavenger">scavenging</a> within a home range of around a hectare. Farmers in Africa often choose such a low-input, free-range production system.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas_de_Glanville_Cook_Fèvre_2013_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas_de_Glanville_Cook_Fèvre_2013-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If conditions permit, pigs feed continuously for many hours and then sleep for many hours, in contrast to <a href="/wiki/Ruminants" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruminants">ruminants</a>, which tend to feed for a short time and then sleep for a short time. Pigs are <a href="/wiki/Omnivore" title="Omnivore">omnivorous</a> and versatile in their feeding behaviour. They primarily eat leaves, stems, roots, fruits, and flowers.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Rooting"></span>Rooting is an instinctual comforting behaviour in pigs characterized by nudging the snout into something. It first happens when piglets are born to obtain their mother's milk, and can become a habitual, obsessive behaviour, most prominent in animals <a href="/wiki/Weaning" title="Weaning">weaned</a> too early. Pigs root and dig into the ground to forage for food. Rooting is also a means of communication.<sup id="cite_ref-Minipigassoc_2016_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minipigassoc_2016-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Intelligence">Intelligence</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Croney_2021_pig_using_controller.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Croney_2021_pig_using_controller.jpg/220px-Croney_2021_pig_using_controller.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Croney_2021_pig_using_controller.jpg/330px-Croney_2021_pig_using_controller.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Croney_2021_pig_using_controller.jpg/440px-Croney_2021_pig_using_controller.jpg 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="769" /></a><figcaption>A pig using a specifically designed joystick<sup id="cite_ref-Croney2021_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croney2021-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Pigs are relatively intelligent animals, roughly on par with <a href="/wiki/Dog" title="Dog">dogs</a>. They distinguish each other as individuals, spend time in play, and form structured communities. They have good long-term memory and they experience emotions, changing their behaviour in response to the emotional states of other pigs. In terms of experimental tasks, pigs can perform tasks that require them to identify the locations of objects; they can solve mazes; and they can work with a simple language of symbols. They display <a href="/wiki/Mirror_test" title="Mirror test">self-recognition in a mirror</a>. Pigs have been trained to associate different sorts of music (Bach and a military march) with food and social isolation respectively, and could communicate the resulting positive or negative emotion to untrained pigs.<sup id="cite_ref-Colvin_Marino_NHM_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colvin_Marino_NHM-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2009-11-9_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2009-11-9-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs can be trained to use a <a href="/wiki/Joystick" title="Joystick">joystick</a> with their snout to select a target on screen.<sup id="cite_ref-Croney2021_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croney2021-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senses">Senses</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cochon_truffier.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Cochon_truffier.JPG/220px-Cochon_truffier.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Cochon_truffier.JPG/330px-Cochon_truffier.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Cochon_truffier.JPG/440px-Cochon_truffier.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Truffle_hog" title="Truffle hog">trained pig</a> using its sensitive nose to assist the search for wild <a href="/wiki/Truffle" title="Truffle">truffles</a> in France</figcaption></figure> <p>Pigs have <a href="/wiki/Panorama" title="Panorama">panoramic</a> vision of approximately 310° and <a href="/wiki/Binocular_vision" title="Binocular vision">binocular vision</a> of 35° to 50°. It is thought they have no <a href="/wiki/Accommodation_(eye)" class="mw-redirect" title="Accommodation (eye)">eye accommodation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other animals that have no accommodation, e.g. sheep, lift their heads to see distant objects.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The extent to which pigs have colour vision is still a source of some debate; however, the presence of <a href="/wiki/Cone_cell" title="Cone cell">cone cells</a> in the retina with two distinct wavelength sensitivities (blue and green) suggests that at least some colour vision is present.<sup id="cite_ref-Lomas_et_al.,_1998)_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lomas_et_al.,_1998)-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pigs have a well-developed sense of smell; this is exploited in Europe where <a href="/wiki/Truffle_hog" title="Truffle hog">trained pigs</a> find underground <a href="/wiki/Truffles" class="mw-redirect" title="Truffles">truffles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs have 1,113 genes for smell receptors, compared to 1,094 in dogs; this may indicate an acute sense of smell, but against this, insects have only around 50 to 100 such genes but make extensive use of olfaction.<sup id="cite_ref-McGlone_Archer_Henderson_2022_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGlone_Archer_Henderson_2022-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Olfactory rather than visual stimuli are used in the identification of other pigs.<sup id="cite_ref-Houpt_2018_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Houpt_2018-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hearing is well developed; sounds are localised by moving the head. Pigs use auditory stimuli extensively for communication in all social activities.<sup id="cite_ref-Gonyou_2001_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gonyou_2001-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alarm or aversive stimuli are transmitted to other pigs not only by auditory cues but also by <a href="/wiki/Pheromone" title="Pheromone">pheromones</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Vieuille-Thomas_and_Signoret,_(1992)_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vieuille-Thomas_and_Signoret,_(1992)-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, recognition between the sow and her piglets is by olfactory and vocal cues.<sup id="cite_ref-Jensen_and_Redbo,_(1987)_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jensen_and_Redbo,_(1987)-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pests_and_diseases">Pests and diseases</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trichinella_spiralis_larvae_within_muscle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Trichinella_spiralis_larvae_within_muscle.jpg/220px-Trichinella_spiralis_larvae_within_muscle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Trichinella_spiralis_larvae_within_muscle.jpg/330px-Trichinella_spiralis_larvae_within_muscle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Trichinella_spiralis_larvae_within_muscle.jpg/440px-Trichinella_spiralis_larvae_within_muscle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Trichinella_spiralis" title="Trichinella spiralis">Trichinella spiralis</a></i> larvae in uncooked pig meat</figcaption></figure> <p>Pigs are subject to many pests and diseases which can seriously affect productivity and cause death. These include <a href="/wiki/Parasitism" title="Parasitism">parasites</a> such as <i><a href="/wiki/Ascaris" title="Ascaris">Ascaris</a></i> roundworms, <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">virus</a> diseases such as the <a href="/wiki/Tick" title="Tick">tick</a>-borne <a href="/wiki/African_swine_fever_virus" title="African swine fever virus">African Swine Fever</a>, bacterial infections such as <i><a href="/wiki/Clostridium" title="Clostridium">Clostridium</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Arthritis" title="Arthritis">arthritis</a> caused by <i><a href="/wiki/Mycoplasma" title="Mycoplasma">Mycoplasma</a></i>, and stillbirths caused by <a href="/wiki/Parvoviridae" title="Parvoviridae">Parvovirus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some parasites of pigs are a <a href="/wiki/Public_health" title="Public health">public health</a> risk as they can be transmitted to humans in undercooked pork. These are the pork tapeworm <i><a href="/wiki/Taenia_solium" title="Taenia solium">Taenia solium</a></i>; a protozoan, <i><a href="/wiki/Toxoplasma_gondii" title="Toxoplasma gondii">Toxoplasma gondii</a></i>; and a nematode, <i><a href="/wiki/Trichinella_spiralis" title="Trichinella spiralis">Trichinella spiralis</a></i>. Transmission can be prevented by thorough sanitation on the farm; by meat inspection and careful commercial processing; and by thorough cooking, or alternatively by sufficient freezing and curing.<sup id="cite_ref-Gamble_1997_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gamble_1997-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_agriculture">In agriculture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Pig_farming#Terminology" title="Pig farming">Pig farming § Terminology</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Production">Production</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pig_farming" title="Pig farming">Pig farming</a></div> <p>Pigs have been raised outdoors, and sometimes allowed to <a href="/wiki/Foraging" title="Foraging">forage</a> in woods or pastures. In industrialized nations, pig production has largely switched to large-scale <a href="/wiki/Intensive_pig_farming" title="Intensive pig farming">intensive pig farming</a>. This has lowered production costs but has caused concern about possible <a href="/wiki/Cruelty_to_animals" title="Cruelty to animals">cruelty</a>. As consumers have become concerned with the humane treatment of livestock, demand for pasture-raised pork in these nations has increased.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most pigs in the US receive <a href="/wiki/Ractopamine" title="Ractopamine">ractopamine</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Beta-adrenergic_agonist" title="Beta-adrenergic agonist">beta-agonist drug</a>, which promotes muscle instead of fat and quicker weight gain, requiring less feed to reach finishing weight, and producing less <a href="/wiki/Manure" title="Manure">manure</a>. China has requested that pork exports be ractopamine-free.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a population of around 1 billion individuals, the domesticated pig is one of the most numerous large mammals on the planet.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like all animals, pigs are susceptible to adverse impacts from <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Heat_stress" class="mw-redirect" title="Heat stress">heat stress</a> from increased annual temperatures and more intense <a href="/wiki/Heatwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Heatwave">heatwaves</a>. Heat stress has increased rapidly between 1981 and 2017 on pig farms in Europe. Installing a <a href="/wiki/Ground-coupled_heat_exchanger" title="Ground-coupled heat exchanger">ground-coupled heat exchanger</a> is an effective intervention.<sup id="cite_ref-Mikovits2019_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mikovits2019-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 211.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 209.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NMA.0063325_Interi%C3%B6r_fr%C3%A5n_svinhus,_Bj%C3%A4rka-S%C3%A4by,_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Indoor pig farm, Sweden, 1911"><img alt="Indoor pig farm, Sweden, 1911" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/NMA.0063325_Interi%C3%B6r_fr%C3%A5n_svinhus%2C_Bj%C3%A4rka-S%C3%A4by%2C_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland.jpg/314px-NMA.0063325_Interi%C3%B6r_fr%C3%A5n_svinhus%2C_Bj%C3%A4rka-S%C3%A4by%2C_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/NMA.0063325_Interi%C3%B6r_fr%C3%A5n_svinhus%2C_Bj%C3%A4rka-S%C3%A4by%2C_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland.jpg/472px-NMA.0063325_Interi%C3%B6r_fr%C3%A5n_svinhus%2C_Bj%C3%A4rka-S%C3%A4by%2C_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/NMA.0063325_Interi%C3%B6r_fr%C3%A5n_svinhus%2C_Bj%C3%A4rka-S%C3%A4by%2C_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland.jpg/628px-NMA.0063325_Interi%C3%B6r_fr%C3%A5n_svinhus%2C_Bj%C3%A4rka-S%C3%A4by%2C_%C3%96sterg%C3%B6tland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2150" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Indoor pig farm, Sweden, 1911</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 233.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-69156-0002,_Rhin-Havelluch,_Sauenstall_mit_Ferkelbox.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sow in stall with separate piglet balcony to prevent crushing, Germany, 1959"><img alt="Sow in stall with separate piglet balcony to prevent crushing, Germany, 1959" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-69156-0002%2C_Rhin-Havelluch%2C_Sauenstall_mit_Ferkelbox.jpg/350px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-69156-0002%2C_Rhin-Havelluch%2C_Sauenstall_mit_Ferkelbox.jpg" decoding="async" width="234" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-69156-0002%2C_Rhin-Havelluch%2C_Sauenstall_mit_Ferkelbox.jpg/526px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-69156-0002%2C_Rhin-Havelluch%2C_Sauenstall_mit_Ferkelbox.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-69156-0002%2C_Rhin-Havelluch%2C_Sauenstall_mit_Ferkelbox.jpg/700px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-69156-0002%2C_Rhin-Havelluch%2C_Sauenstall_mit_Ferkelbox.jpg 2x" data-file-width="787" data-file-height="506" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sow in stall with separate piglet balcony to prevent crushing, Germany, 1959</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Happy_Hogs_-_geograph.org.uk_-_279094.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Free range pigs with field shelters, England, 2006"><img alt="Free range pigs with field shelters, England, 2006" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Happy_Hogs_-_geograph.org.uk_-_279094.jpg/300px-Happy_Hogs_-_geograph.org.uk_-_279094.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Happy_Hogs_-_geograph.org.uk_-_279094.jpg/451px-Happy_Hogs_-_geograph.org.uk_-_279094.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Happy_Hogs_-_geograph.org.uk_-_279094.jpg/600px-Happy_Hogs_-_geograph.org.uk_-_279094.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Free_range" title="Free range">Free range</a> pigs with field shelters, England, 2006</div> </li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerycaption"><a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> data for 2021</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_Production_Of_Meat,_Main_Items.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pork is tied with chicken as the most commonly consumed meat worldwide."><img alt="Pork is tied with chicken as the most commonly consumed meat worldwide." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/World_Production_Of_Meat%2C_Main_Items.svg/220px-World_Production_Of_Meat%2C_Main_Items.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/World_Production_Of_Meat%2C_Main_Items.svg/330px-World_Production_Of_Meat%2C_Main_Items.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/World_Production_Of_Meat%2C_Main_Items.svg/440px-World_Production_Of_Meat%2C_Main_Items.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pork is tied with chicken as the most commonly consumed meat worldwide.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pork_production_1961_2021.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Pork production has grown substantially over the recent 60 years."><img alt="Pork production has grown substantially over the recent 60 years." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Pork_production_1961_2021.png/220px-Pork_production_1961_2021.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Pork_production_1961_2021.png/330px-Pork_production_1961_2021.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Pork_production_1961_2021.png/440px-Pork_production_1961_2021.png 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="557" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pork production has grown substantially over the recent 60 years.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pigmeat-production-tonnes.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Production of pork worldwide, by country in 2021."><img alt="Production of pork worldwide, by country in 2021." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Pigmeat-production-tonnes.png/220px-Pigmeat-production-tonnes.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Pigmeat-production-tonnes.png/330px-Pigmeat-production-tonnes.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Pigmeat-production-tonnes.png/440px-Pigmeat-production-tonnes.png 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Production of pork worldwide, by country in 2021.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breeds">Breeds</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_pig_breeds" title="List of pig breeds">List of pig breeds</a></div> <p>Around 600 <a href="/wiki/Breed" title="Breed">breeds</a> of pig have been created by farmers around the world, mainly in Europe and Asia, differing in coloration, shape, and size.<sup id="cite_ref-Miao_Chen_Zhang_Wang_2023_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miao_Chen_Zhang_Wang_2023-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/The_Livestock_Conservancy" title="The Livestock Conservancy">The Livestock Conservancy</a>, as of 2016, three breeds of pig are critically rare (having a global population of fewer than 2000). They are the <a href="/wiki/Choctaw_hog" class="mw-redirect" title="Choctaw hog">Choctaw hog</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mulefoot" title="Mulefoot">Mulefoot</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Ossabaw_Island_hog" class="mw-redirect" title="Ossabaw Island hog">Ossabaw Island hog</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The smallest known pig breed in the world is the <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen_minipig" title="Göttingen minipig">Göttingen minipig</a>, typically weighing about 26 kilograms (57 lb) as a healthy, full-grown adult.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="As_pets">As pets</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mini_pig_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mini_pig_2.jpg/220px-Mini_pig_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mini_pig_2.jpg/330px-Mini_pig_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mini_pig_2.jpg/440px-Mini_pig_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1754" data-file-height="1433" /></a><figcaption>A mini pet pig</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Pot-bellied" title="Vietnamese Pot-bellied">Vietnamese Pot-bellied</a> pigs, a <a href="/wiki/Miniature_pig" title="Miniature pig">miniature breed of pig</a>, have been kept as pets in the United States, beginning in the latter half of the 20th century. </p><p>Pigs are intelligent, social creatures. They are considered <a href="/wiki/Hypoallergenic" title="Hypoallergenic">hypoallergenic</a> and are known to do quite well with people who have the usual animal allergies. Since these animals are known to have a life expectancy of 15 to 20 years, they require a long-term commitment. </p><p>Given pigs are bred primarily as livestock and have not been bred as companion animals for very long, selective breeding for a placid or biddable temperament is not well established. Pigs have radically different <a href="/wiki/Animal_psychology" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal psychology">psychology</a> and behaviours compared to dogs, and exhibit <a href="/wiki/Fight-or-flight_response" title="Fight-or-flight response">fight-or-flight</a> instincts, an independent nature, and natural <a href="/wiki/Assertiveness" title="Assertiveness">assertiveness</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Male and female swine that have not been de-sexed may express unwanted aggressive behavior, and are prone to developing serious health issues.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Rooting">rooting</a> is found to be comforting, pigs kept in the house may root household objects, furniture or surfaces. Pet pigs should be let outside to allow them to fulfill their natural desire of rooting around. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ededed;">Global pig stock</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background:#ededed;">in 2019</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Number in millions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">1. China (Mainland)</th><td class="infobox-data">310.4 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,001,365,047,630,248,000♠" style="display:none"></span>36.5%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">2. European Union</th><td class="infobox-data">143.1 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,001,168,293,543,456,000♠" style="display:none"></span>16.83%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">3. United States</th><td class="infobox-data">78.7 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,925,555,686,228,000♠" style="display:none"></span>9.26%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">4. Brazil</th><td class="infobox-data">40.6 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,477,478,536,987,000♠" style="display:none"></span>4.77%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">5. Russia</th><td class="infobox-data">23.7 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,278,725,155,828,000♠" style="display:none"></span>2.79%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">6. Myanmar</th><td class="infobox-data">21.6 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,254,027,990,121,000♠" style="display:none"></span>2.54%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">7. Vietnam</th><td class="infobox-data">19.6 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,230,506,879,924,000♠" style="display:none"></span>2.31%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">8. Mexico</th><td class="infobox-data">18.4 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,216,394,213,807,000♠" style="display:none"></span>2.16%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">9. Canada</th><td class="infobox-data">14.1 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,165,823,826,885,000♠" style="display:none"></span>1.66%)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">10. Philippines</th><td class="infobox-data">12.7 <span style="font-size:inherit">(<span data-sort-value="7,000,149,359,049,747,000♠" style="display:none"></span>1.49%)</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">World total</th><td class="infobox-data">850.3</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below">Source: UN <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Approximately 1.5 billion pigs are slaughtered each year for meat.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pork belly <a href="/wiki/Futures_contract" title="Futures contract">futures contract</a> became an icon of <a href="/wiki/Commodities_trading" class="mw-redirect" title="Commodities trading">commodities trading</a>. It appears in depictions of the arena in popular entertainment, such as the 1983 film <i><a href="/wiki/Trading_Places" title="Trading Places">Trading Places</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Davey_2011_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davey_2011-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trade in pork bellies declined, and they were delisted from the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Mercantile_Exchange" title="Chicago Mercantile Exchange">Chicago Mercantile Exchange</a> in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-Davey_2011_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davey_2011-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, China produced more pork than any other country, 55 million tonnes, followed by the European Union with 22.8 million tonnes and the United States with 12.5 million tonnes. Global production in 2023 was 120 million tonnes.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> India, despite its large population, consumed under 0.3 million tonnes of pork in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> International trade in pork (meat not consumed in the producing country) reached 13 million tonnes in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Products">Products</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pig_farming" title="Pig farming">Pigs are farmed</a> primarily for meat, called <a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">pork</a>. Pork is eaten in the form of pork chops, loin or rib roasts, shoulder joints, steaks, and loin (also called fillet). The many meat products made from pork include <a href="/wiki/Ham" title="Ham">ham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">bacon</a> (mainly from the back and belly), and <a href="/wiki/Sausage" title="Sausage">sausages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pork is further made into <a href="/wiki/Charcuterie" title="Charcuterie">charcuterie</a> products such as <a href="/wiki/Terrine_(food)" title="Terrine (food)">terrines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galantine" title="Galantine">galantines</a>, <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9" title="Pâté">pâtés</a> and <a href="/wiki/Confit" title="Confit">confits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some sausages such as <a href="/wiki/Salami" title="Salami">salami</a> are fermented and air-dried, to be eaten raw. There are many types, the original Italian varieties including Genovese, Milanese, and Cacciatorino, with spicier kinds from the South of Italy including Calabrese, Napoletano, and Peperone.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hide is made into pigskin <a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">leather</a>, which is soft and durable; it can be brushed to form <a href="/wiki/Suede" title="Suede">suede</a> leather. These are used for products such as <a href="/wiki/Glove" title="Glove">gloves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallet" title="Wallet">wallets</a>, suede shoes, and <a href="/wiki/Leather_jacket" title="Leather jacket">leather jackets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a>, pig skin was the most popular book-binding material in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, though <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">calf</a> skin was more common elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pork_chops_167541218.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pork chops"><img alt="Pork chops" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pork_chops_167541218.jpg/220px-Pork_chops_167541218.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pork_chops_167541218.jpg/330px-Pork_chops_167541218.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pork_chops_167541218.jpg/440px-Pork_chops_167541218.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pork chops</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RawBacon.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Streaky or side bacon"><img alt="Streaky or side bacon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/RawBacon.JPG/220px-RawBacon.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/RawBacon.JPG/330px-RawBacon.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/RawBacon.JPG/440px-RawBacon.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3003" data-file-height="2146" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Streaky or side <a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">bacon</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salami_aka.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salami, a fermented and air-dried sausage, originally made in Italy"><img alt="Salami, a fermented and air-dried sausage, originally made in Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Salami_aka.jpg/220px-Salami_aka.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Salami_aka.jpg/330px-Salami_aka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Salami_aka.jpg/440px-Salami_aka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="829" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Salami" title="Salami">Salami</a>, a fermented and air-dried sausage, originally made in Italy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Manuale._Aus_der_Kirchen_Agenda_-_Upper_cover_(c29h6).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A 16th century book bound in pig skin"><img alt="A 16th century book bound in pig skin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Manuale._Aus_der_Kirchen_Agenda_-_Upper_cover_%28c29h6%29.jpg/182px-Manuale._Aus_der_Kirchen_Agenda_-_Upper_cover_%28c29h6%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Manuale._Aus_der_Kirchen_Agenda_-_Upper_cover_%28c29h6%29.jpg/273px-Manuale._Aus_der_Kirchen_Agenda_-_Upper_cover_%28c29h6%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Manuale._Aus_der_Kirchen_Agenda_-_Upper_cover_%28c29h6%29.jpg/364px-Manuale._Aus_der_Kirchen_Agenda_-_Upper_cover_%28c29h6%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2211" data-file-height="2670" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A 16th century book bound in pig skin</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Woman%27s_Gloves_(England),_ca._1820_(CH_18564653).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A woman's suede gloves, England, c. 1820"><img alt="A woman's suede gloves, England, c. 1820" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Woman%27s_Gloves_%28England%29%2C_ca._1820_%28CH_18564653%29.jpg/131px-Woman%27s_Gloves_%28England%29%2C_ca._1820_%28CH_18564653%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Woman%27s_Gloves_%28England%29%2C_ca._1820_%28CH_18564653%29.jpg/196px-Woman%27s_Gloves_%28England%29%2C_ca._1820_%28CH_18564653%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Woman%27s_Gloves_%28England%29%2C_ca._1820_%28CH_18564653%29.jpg/262px-Woman%27s_Gloves_%28England%29%2C_ca._1820_%28CH_18564653%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2438" data-file-height="4096" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A woman's suede gloves, England, c. 1820</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_medicine">In medicine</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gutierrez_2015_pig_research.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gutierrez_2015_pig_research.jpg/220px-Gutierrez_2015_pig_research.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gutierrez_2015_pig_research.jpg/330px-Gutierrez_2015_pig_research.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Gutierrez_2015_pig_research.jpg/440px-Gutierrez_2015_pig_research.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1299" data-file-height="1684" /></a><figcaption>The growth in publication of medical research papers using pigs and miniature pigs, and the research done on miniature pigs by organ system<sup id="cite_ref-Gutierrez2015_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gutierrez2015-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Pigs, both as live animals and as a source of post-mortem tissues, are valuable animal models because of their biological, physiological, and anatomical similarities to human beings. For instance, human skin is very similar to the pigskin, therefore pigskin has been used in many preclinical studies.<sup id="cite_ref-porcine2018Janu_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-porcine2018Janu-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-porcine2018Janu2_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-porcine2018Janu2-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pigs are good non-human candidates for <a href="/wiki/Organ_donation" title="Organ donation">organ donation</a> to humans, and in 2021 became the first animal to successfully <a href="/wiki/Xenotransplantation" title="Xenotransplantation">donate an organ to a human</a> body.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The procedure used a donor pig genetically engineered not to have a specific carbohydrate that the human body considers a threat–<a href="/wiki/Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose" class="mw-redirect" title="Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose">Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs are good for human donation as the risk of cross-species disease transmission is reduced by the considerable <a href="/wiki/Phylogenetics" title="Phylogenetics">phylogenetic</a> distance from humans.<sup id="cite_ref-Dooldeniya2003_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dooldeniya2003-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are readily available, and the danger of creating new human diseases is low as domesticated pigs have been in close contact with humans for thousands of years.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor2007_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor2007-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact_of_pig_husbandry">Impact of pig husbandry</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_public_health">On public health</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Zoonotic_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoonotic disease">Zoonotic disease</a></div> <p>Pig farms can serve as reservoirs of viral diseases that are dangerous to humans and so contribute to their outbreaks in human populations.<sup id="cite_ref-McLean2022_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLean2022-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" title="2009 swine flu pandemic">2009 swine flu pandemic</a> was caused by an <a href="/wiki/Influenza_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza A">influenza A</a> variant which had first emerged in pigs.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs were also essential to the first outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Nipah_virus" title="Nipah virus">Nipah virus</a> in 1999, with 93% of the infected humans having had contact with pigs.<sup id="cite_ref-McLean2022_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLean2022-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While <a href="/wiki/Japanese_encephalitis" title="Japanese encephalitis">Japanese encephalitis</a> is primarily spread by <a href="/wiki/Mosquito" title="Mosquito">mosquitoes</a>, pigs are a known intermediary host.<sup id="cite_ref-WHO2015_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WHO2015-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a potential for porcine <a href="/wiki/Coronavirus" title="Coronavirus">coronaviruses</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Porcine_epidemic_diarrhea_virus" title="Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus">porcine epidemic diarrhea virus</a> or <a href="/wiki/Swine_acute_diarrhea_syndrome_coronavirus" title="Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus">swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus</a> to spill over into human populations.<sup id="cite_ref-McLean2022_112-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLean2022-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_the_environment">On the environment</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_pig_farming" title="Environmental impact of pig farming">Environmental impact of pig farming</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NRCSNC00011_-_North_Carolina_(5131)(NRCS_Photo_Gallery).tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/NRCSNC00011_-_North_Carolina_%285131%29%28NRCS_Photo_Gallery%29.tif/lossless-page1-220px-NRCSNC00011_-_North_Carolina_%285131%29%28NRCS_Photo_Gallery%29.tif.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/NRCSNC00011_-_North_Carolina_%285131%29%28NRCS_Photo_Gallery%29.tif/lossless-page1-330px-NRCSNC00011_-_North_Carolina_%285131%29%28NRCS_Photo_Gallery%29.tif.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/NRCSNC00011_-_North_Carolina_%285131%29%28NRCS_Photo_Gallery%29.tif/lossless-page1-440px-NRCSNC00011_-_North_Carolina_%285131%29%28NRCS_Photo_Gallery%29.tif.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>A typical waste lagoon in North Carolina</figcaption></figure> <p>As with the other forms of meat, producing pork is more energy-intensive than plant-based foods, and it is associated with more <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions" title="Greenhouse gas emissions">greenhouse gas emissions</a> per <a href="/wiki/Calorie" title="Calorie">calorie</a>. However, emissions from pork are many times smaller than those of <a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">beef</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veal" title="Veal">veal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mutton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutton">mutton</a>, though larger than of <a href="/wiki/Chicken" title="Chicken">chicken</a> meat.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Intensive pig production is also associated with <a href="/wiki/Water_pollution" title="Water pollution">water pollution</a> concerns, as the swine waste is often stored above ground in so-called lagoons. These lagoons typically have high levels of <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a>, and can contain <a href="/wiki/Toxic_heavy_metal" title="Toxic heavy metal">toxic heavy metals</a> like <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> and <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, microbial <a href="/wiki/Pathogen" title="Pathogen">pathogens</a>, or hold elevated concentrations of pharmaceuticals from <a href="/wiki/Subtherapeutic_antibiotic_use_in_swine" title="Subtherapeutic antibiotic use in swine">subtherapeutic antibiotic use in swine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkholder2007_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkholder2007-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This wastewater from lagoons is liable to reach <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a> on farms, though there is little evidence for it reaching deeper into local <a href="/wiki/Drinking_water" title="Drinking water">drinking water</a> supplies.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, lagoon spills, such as from heavy rains in the wake of a <a href="/wiki/Hurricane" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane">hurricane</a>, can lead to fish kills and algal blooms in local rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkholder2007_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkholder2007-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, 35,000 mi (56,000 km) of river across over 20 states were estimated to have been contaminated by manure leakage as of 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also evidence that evaporation from lagoons can cause nitrogen and phosphorus to spread through the air as dry particles then reach other water basins when they fall out through <a href="/wiki/Dry_deposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry deposition">dry deposition</a>. This process then also contributes to water <a href="/wiki/Eutrophication" title="Eutrophication">eutrophication</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Burkholder2007_116-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burkholder2007-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_animal_welfare">On animal welfare</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Cruelty_to_animals#Welfare_concerns_of_farm_animals" title="Cruelty to animals">Cruelty to animals § Welfare concerns of farm animals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Intensive_pig_farming" title="Intensive pig farming">Intensive pig farming</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gestation_crates_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gestation_crates_2.jpg/220px-Gestation_crates_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gestation_crates_2.jpg/330px-Gestation_crates_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Gestation_crates_2.jpg/440px-Gestation_crates_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Sows in <a href="/wiki/Gestation_crate" title="Gestation crate">gestation crates</a>, United States, 2010</figcaption></figure> <p>Intensive pig production involves practices such as <a href="/wiki/Castration" title="Castration">castration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(agriculture)" title="Earmark (agriculture)">earmarking</a>, tattooing for litter identification, tail <a href="/wiki/Docking_(animal)" title="Docking (animal)">docking</a>, which are often done without the use of <a href="/wiki/Anesthetic" title="Anesthetic">anesthetic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Painful <a href="/wiki/Teeth_clipping" title="Teeth clipping">teeth clipping</a> of piglets is also done to curtail <a href="/wiki/Cannibalism" title="Cannibalism">cannibalism</a>, behavioural instability and aggression, and <a href="/wiki/Tail_biting_in_pigs" title="Tail biting in pigs">tail biting</a>, which are induced by the cramped environment.<sup id="cite_ref-Industry_Focus_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Industry_Focus-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In English indoor farming, young pigs (less than 110kg in weight) are allowed to be kept with less than one square meter of space per pig.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pigs often begin life in a <a href="/wiki/Gestation_crate" title="Gestation crate">farrowing or gestation crate</a>, which is a small pen with a central cage, designed to allow the piglets to feed from their mother while preventing her from attacking or crushing them.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crates are so small that the mother sows cannot turn around.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While wild piglets remain with their mothers for around 12 to 14 weeks, farmed piglets are <a href="/wiki/Wean" class="mw-redirect" title="Wean">weaned</a> and removed from their mothers at between two and five weeks old.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the piglets born alive, 10% to 18% will not reach weaning age, instead succumbing to disease, starvation, dehydration, or accidental crushing by their mothers.<sup id="cite_ref-Industry_Focus_121-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Industry_Focus-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unusually small <a href="/wiki/Runt" title="Runt">runt</a> piglets are typically killed immediately by staff through blunt trauma to the head.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, intensive farming involves sows giving birth to large litter sizes at an unnatural frequency, which increases the rate of <a href="/wiki/Stillborn" class="mw-redirect" title="Stillborn">stillborn</a> piglets, and causes as many as 25%-50% of sows to die of <a href="/wiki/Prolapse" title="Prolapse">prolapse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pigs_in_culture" title="Pigs in culture">Pigs in culture</a></div> <p>Pigs, widespread in societies around the world since <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> times, have been used for many purposes in art, literature, and other expressions of human <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a>. In classical times, the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Romans</a> considered <a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">pork</a> the finest of meats, enjoying <a href="/wiki/Sausage" title="Sausage">sausages</a>, and depicting them in their art.<sup id="cite_ref-MacKinnon_2001_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacKinnon_2001-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Across Europe, pigs have been celebrated in <a href="/wiki/Carnival" title="Carnival">carnivals</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Komins_2001_135-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Komins_2001-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> becoming specially important in <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Germany">Medieval Germany</a> in cities such as <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Newey_2014_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newey_2014-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in <a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">Early Modern</a> Italy in cities such as <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Mortadella_1988_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Mortadella_1988-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pigs, especially miniature breeds, are occasionally kept as pets.<sup id="cite_ref-cabi_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabi-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pbs_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In literature, both for children<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and adults, pig characters appear in allegories, comic stories, and serious novels.<sup id="cite_ref-Komins_2001_135-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Komins_2001-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mullan_2010_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mullan_2010-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In art, pigs have been represented in a wide range of media and styles from the earliest times in many cultures.<sup id="cite_ref-MMA_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MMA-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pig names are used in idioms and <a href="/wiki/Animal_epithet" title="Animal epithet">animal epithets</a>, often derogatory, since pigs have long been linked with dirtiness and greed,<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while places such as <a href="/wiki/Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a> are named for their association with swine.<sup id="cite_ref-Mills_1993_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mills_1993-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The eating of pork is <a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">forbidden in Islam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kashrut" title="Kashrut">Judaism</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but pigs are sacred in some other religions.<sup id="cite_ref-Dalal2011_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dalal2011-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-nolines center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CapitalMuseum11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bronze pig sculpture, Zhou dynasty"><img alt="Bronze pig sculpture, Zhou dynasty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/CapitalMuseum11.jpg/220px-CapitalMuseum11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/CapitalMuseum11.jpg/330px-CapitalMuseum11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/CapitalMuseum11.jpg/440px-CapitalMuseum11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1238" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bronze pig sculpture, <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Demeter1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Two men sacrificing a pig to Demeter. Red-figure pot, Ancient Greece"><img alt="Two men sacrificing a pig to Demeter. Red-figure pot, Ancient Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Demeter1.jpg/220px-Demeter1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Demeter1.jpg/330px-Demeter1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Demeter1.jpg/440px-Demeter1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Two men sacrificing a pig to <a href="/wiki/Demeter" title="Demeter">Demeter</a>. <a href="/wiki/Red-figure_pottery" title="Red-figure pottery">Red-figure pot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Piero_di_Cosimo_025.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Painting of Saint Anthony with a pig in background by Piero di Cosimo c. 1480"><img alt="Painting of Saint Anthony with a pig in background by Piero di Cosimo c. 1480" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Piero_di_Cosimo_025.jpg/180px-Piero_di_Cosimo_025.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Piero_di_Cosimo_025.jpg/270px-Piero_di_Cosimo_025.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Piero_di_Cosimo_025.jpg/360px-Piero_di_Cosimo_025.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2476" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Painting of Saint Anthony with a pig in background by <a href="/wiki/Piero_di_Cosimo" title="Piero di Cosimo">Piero di Cosimo</a> c. 1480</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canzone_Sopra_La_Porcellina_1622.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Canzone Sopra La Porcellina ("Song Upon the Piglet") by Giulio Cesare Croce, Bologna, 1622"><img alt="Canzone Sopra La Porcellina ("Song Upon the Piglet") by Giulio Cesare Croce, Bologna, 1622" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Canzone_Sopra_La_Porcellina_1622.jpg/150px-Canzone_Sopra_La_Porcellina_1622.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Canzone_Sopra_La_Porcellina_1622.jpg/225px-Canzone_Sopra_La_Porcellina_1622.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Canzone_Sopra_La_Porcellina_1622.jpg/300px-Canzone_Sopra_La_Porcellina_1622.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3135" data-file-height="4598" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Canzone Sopra La Porcellina</i> ("Song Upon the Piglet") by <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Cesare_Croce" title="Giulio Cesare Croce">Giulio Cesare Croce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>, 1622</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pigling_Bland_pg_4_Enh.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pigling Bland setting out on his adventures"><img alt="Pigling Bland setting out on his adventures" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Pigling_Bland_pg_4_Enh.jpg/182px-Pigling_Bland_pg_4_Enh.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Pigling_Bland_pg_4_Enh.jpg/273px-Pigling_Bland_pg_4_Enh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Pigling_Bland_pg_4_Enh.jpg/364px-Pigling_Bland_pg_4_Enh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1691" data-file-height="2046" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pigling_Bland" class="mw-redirect" title="Pigling Bland">Pigling Bland</a> setting out on his adventures</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 220px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bologna_amazing_hams_sausages_mortadella.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hams, pig's trotters, sausages, and mortadella in Bologna, 2019"><img alt="Hams, pig's trotters, sausages, and mortadella in Bologna, 2019" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bologna_amazing_hams_sausages_mortadella.jpg/220px-Bologna_amazing_hams_sausages_mortadella.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bologna_amazing_hams_sausages_mortadella.jpg/330px-Bologna_amazing_hams_sausages_mortadella.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Bologna_amazing_hams_sausages_mortadella.jpg/440px-Bologna_amazing_hams_sausages_mortadella.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ham" title="Ham">Hams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pig%27s_trotter" title="Pig's trotter">pig's trotters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sausage" title="Sausage">sausages</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mortadella" title="Mortadella">mortadella</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>, 2019</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Groves_1995-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Groves_1995_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited 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CABI. p. 616. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7806-4794-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7806-4794-4"><bdi>978-1-7806-4794-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pig&rft.btitle=Mason%27s+World+Encyclopedia+of+Livestock+Breeds+and+Breeding&rft.pages=616&rft.edition=6&rft.pub=CABI&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-7806-4794-4&rft.aulast=Porter&rft.aufirst=Valerie&rft.au=Alderson%2C+Lawrence&rft.au=Hall%2C+Stephen+J.G.&rft.au=Sponenberg%2C+D.+Phillip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2UEJDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APig" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pbs-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pbs_140-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/the-joy-of-pigs/pigs-as-pets/2124/">The Joy of Pigs/ Pigs as Pets</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2020</span>. <q>Animal Farm ... Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ... The Mabinogion ... The Odyssey ... (<i>In Our Time</i>)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Topics+-+Pigs+in+literature&rft.pub=BBC+Radio+4&rft.aulast=Bragg&rft.aufirst=Melvyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fprogrammes%2Fb006qykl%2Ftopics%2FPigs_in_literature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APig" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MMA-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MMA_144-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/search-results#!/search?q=pig">"Pig"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2002). <i>Hog Ties: Pigs, Manure, and Mortality in American Culture</i>. University of Minnesota Press. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816641838" title="Special:BookSources/0816641838"><bdi>0816641838</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hog+Ties%3A+Pigs%2C+Manure%2C+and+Mortality+in+American+Culture&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0816641838&rft.au=Horwitz%2C+Richard+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APig" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mills_1993-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mills_1993_147-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMills1993" class="citation book cs1">Mills, A. D. (1993). <i>A Dictionary of English Place-Names</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. 150, 318. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0192831313" title="Special:BookSources/0192831313"><bdi>0192831313</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+English+Place-Names&rft.pages=150%2C+318&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0192831313&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=A.+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APig" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a> 2:173, 5:3, 6:145, and 16:115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0311.htm#3">Leviticus 11:3–8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dalal2011-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dalal2011_150-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDalal2011" class="citation book cs1">Dalal, Roshen (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&pg=PA444"><i>Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide</i></a>. Penguin Books India. pp. 444–445. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-341421-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-341421-6"><bdi>978-0-14-341421-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hinduism%3A+An+Alphabetical+Guide&rft.pages=444-445&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-14-341421-6&rft.aulast=Dalal&rft.aufirst=Roshen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDH0vmD8ghdMC%26pg%3DPA444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APig" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonwick1894" class="citation web cs1">Bonwick, James (1894). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.libraryireland.com/Druids/Sacred-Pigs.php">"Sacred Pigs"</a>. Library Ireland.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sacred+Pigs&rft.pub=Library+Ireland&rft.date=1894&rft.aulast=Bonwick&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.libraryireland.com%2FDruids%2FSacred-Pigs.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APig" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100125233320/http://www.accidentalsmallholder.net/articles/pigs/introduction">An introduction to pig keeping</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishpigs.org.uk">British Pig Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091227001050/http://www.pork.org/newsandinformation/quickfacts/SwineCare1.aspx">Swine Care</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071202060724/http://ucce.ucdavis.edu/files/filelibrary/1385/2027.PDF">Swine Study Guide</a> from <a href="/wiki/UC_Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="UC Davis">UC Davis</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pigs" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pigs" title="Template:Pigs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pigs" title="Template talk:Pigs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pigs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pigs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pigs" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pigs</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Order <a href="/wiki/Artiodactyl" title="Artiodactyl">Artiodactyla</a></li> <li>Suborder <a href="/wiki/Suina" title="Suina">Suina</a></li> <li>Family <a href="/wiki/Suidae" title="Suidae">Suidae</a></li> <li>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Suinae" title="Suinae">Suinae</a></li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Sus_(genus)" title="Sus (genus)">Sus</a></i></li> <li>Species <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sus domesticus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Domestic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/List_of_pig_breeds" title="List of pig breeds">Breeding</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig_show" title="Pig show">Shows</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Hog_farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Hog farming">Farming</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Intensive_pig_farming" title="Intensive pig farming">Intensive farming</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sty" title="Sty">Sty</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pannage" title="Pannage">Pannage</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig_toilet" title="Pig toilet">Toilet</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hog_oiler" title="Hog oiler">Hog oiler</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gestation_crate" title="Gestation crate">Gestation crate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cross-fostering" title="Cross-fostering">Cross-fostering</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Swineherd" title="Swineherd">Swineherd</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Feedback_(pork_industry)" title="Feedback (pork industry)">Feedback</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">As food</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">Bacon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bondiola_sandwich" title="Bondiola sandwich">Bondiola</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Capocollo" title="Capocollo">Capocollo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ham" title="Ham">Ham</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lard" title="Lard">Lard</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">Pork</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chitterlings" title="Chitterlings">Chitterlings</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig_scalder" title="Pig scalder">Scalder</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig_slaughter" title="Pig slaughter">Slaughter</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Suckling_pig" title="Suckling pig">Suckling</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Blood_as_food" title="Blood as food">Blood</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Religious_restrictions_on_the_consumption_of_pork" title="Religious restrictions on the consumption of pork">Religious restrictions</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Scottish_pork_taboo" title="Scottish pork taboo">Scottish pork taboo</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Cut_of_pork" title="Cut of pork">Cuts</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Back_bacon" title="Back bacon">Back bacon</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boston_butt" title="Boston butt">Boston butt</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fatback" title="Fatback">Fatback</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ham_hock" title="Ham hock">Ham hock</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig%27s_trotters" class="mw-redirect" title="Pig's trotters">Pig's trotters</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_belly" title="Pork belly">Pork belly</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_chop" title="Pork chop">Pork chop</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_jowl" title="Pork jowl">Pork jowl</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_loin" title="Pork loin">Loin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_tenderloin" title="Pork tenderloin">Tenderloin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_ribs" title="Pork ribs">Ribs</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Spare_ribs" title="Spare ribs">Spare ribs</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_rind" title="Pork rind">Pork rind</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_steak" title="Pork steak">Pork steak</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig%27s_ear_(food)" title="Pig's ear (food)">Ear</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pork_tail" title="Pork tail">Tail</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Other uses</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig_bladder" title="Pig bladder">Bladder</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig_racing" title="Pig racing">Racing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/War_pig" title="War pig">War</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pig_wrestling" title="Pig wrestling">Wrestling</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Truffle_hog" title="Truffle hog">Truffling</a></dd></dl> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sow_with_piglet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Sow_with_piglet.jpg/135px-Sow_with_piglet.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Sow_with_piglet.jpg/203px-Sow_with_piglet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Sow_with_piglet.jpg/270px-Sow_with_piglet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1674" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">Wild</a> and <a href="/wiki/Feral_pig" title="Feral pig">feral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">Wild boar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boars_in_heraldry" title="Boars in heraldry">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boar_hunting" title="Boar hunting">Hunting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feral_pig" title="Feral pig">Razorback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boar%E2%80%93pig_hybrid" title="Boar–pig hybrid">Boar–pig hybrid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pigs_in_culture" title="Pigs in culture">In culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freddy_the_Pig" title="Freddy the Pig">Freddy the Pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flitch_of_bacon_custom" title="Flitch of bacon custom">Flitch of bacon custom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa%E2%80%93Minnesota_football_rivalry" title="Iowa–Minnesota football rivalry">Floyd of Rosedale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miss_Piggy" title="Miss Piggy">Miss Piggy</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Pigs_in_Space" class="mw-redirect" title="Pigs in Space">Pigs in Space</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porky_Pig" title="Porky Pig">Porky Pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piglet_(Winnie-the-Pooh)" title="Piglet (Winnie-the-Pooh)">Piglet</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Three_Little_Pigs" title="The Three Little Pigs">The Three Little Pigs</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Animal_Farm" title="Animal Farm">Animal Farm</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Major" title="Old Major">Old Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_(Animal_Farm)" title="Napoleon (Animal Farm)">Napoleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowball_(Animal_Farm)" title="Snowball (Animal Farm)">Snowball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squealer_(Animal_Farm)" title="Squealer (Animal Farm)">Squealer</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Babe_(film)" title="Babe (film)">Babe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Babe:_Pig_in_the_City" title="Babe: Pig in the City">Babe: Pig in the City</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bad_Piggies" title="Bad Piggies">Bad Piggies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blandings_Castle" title="Blandings Castle">Blandings Castle</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empress_of_Blandings" title="Empress of Blandings">Empress of Blandings</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/My_Brother_the_Pig" title="My Brother the Pig">My Brother the Pig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Charlotte%27s_Web" title="Charlotte's Web">Charlotte's Web</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sheep-Pig" title="The Sheep-Pig">The Sheep-Pig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peppa_Pig" title="Peppa Pig">Peppa Pig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tonde_Burin" title="Tonde Burin">Super Pig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Butareba:_The_Story_of_a_Man_Turned_into_a_Pig" title="Butareba: The Story of a Man Turned into a Pig">Butareba: The Story of a Man Turned into a Pig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fair,_then_Partly_Piggy" title="Fair, then Partly Piggy">Fair, then Partly Piggy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jakers!_The_Adventures_of_Piggley_Winks" title="Jakers! The Adventures of Piggley Winks">Jakers! The Adventures of Piggley Winks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kazoops!" title="Kazoops!">Kazoops!</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_(fictional_pig)" title="Olivia (fictional pig)">Olivia (character)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_(TV_series)" title="Olivia (TV series)">TV series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_Floyd_pigs" title="Pink Floyd pigs">Pink Floyd pigs</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pinky_and_Perky" title="Pinky and Perky">Pinky and Perky</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Preston_Pig" title="Preston Pig">Preston Pig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rasher_(comics)" title="Rasher (comics)">Rasher</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Porco_Rosso" title="Porco Rosso">Porco Rosso</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider-Ham" title="Spider-Ham">Spider-Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spider_pig" class="mw-redirect" title="Spider pig">Spider pig</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tale_of_Little_Pig_Robinson" title="The Tale of Little Pig Robinson">The Tale of Little Pig Robinson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tale_of_Pigling_Bland" title="The Tale of Pigling Bland">The Tale of Pigling Bland</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/This_Little_Piggy" title="This Little Piggy">This Little Piggy</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toot_%26_Puddle_(TV_series)" title="Toot & Puddle (TV series)">Toot & Puddle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Huxley_Pig" title="Huxley Pig">Huxley Pig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wibbly_Pig" title="Wibbly Pig">Wibbly Pig</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Bajie" title="Zhu Bajie">Zhu Bajie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maggie_and_the_Ferocious_Beast" title="Maggie and the Ferocious Beast">Hamilton Hocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pig_City_(TV_series)" title="Pig City (TV series)">Pig City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_individual_pigs" title="List of individual pigs">List of individual pigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_pigs" title="List of fictional pigs">List of fictional pigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piganino" title="Piganino">Piganino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigasus_(politics)" title="Pigasus (politics)">Pigasus (politics)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Pigs" title="Category:Pigs">Category: Pigs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_Artiodactyla_species" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Artiodactyla" title="Template:Artiodactyla"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Artiodactyla" title="Template talk:Artiodactyla"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Artiodactyla" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Artiodactyla"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_Artiodactyla_species" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant <a href="/wiki/Artiodactyl" title="Artiodactyl">Artiodactyla</a> species</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li> <li>Infraclass: <a href="/wiki/Eutheria" title="Eutheria">Eutheria</a></li> <li>Superorder: <a href="/wiki/Laurasiatheria" title="Laurasiatheria">Laurasiatheria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Ruminantia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Ruminant" title="Ruminant">Ruminantia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antilocapridae" title="Antilocapridae">Antilocapridae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Antilocapra" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pronghorn" title="Pronghorn">Antilocapra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pronghorn" title="Pronghorn">Pronghorn (<i>A. americana</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Giraffidae" title="Giraffidae">Giraffidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Okapi" title="Okapi">Okapia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okapi" title="Okapi">Okapi (<i>O. johnstoni</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Giraffe" title="Giraffe">Giraffa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_giraffe" title="Northern giraffe">Northern giraffe (<i>G. camelopardalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_giraffe" title="Southern giraffe">Southern giraffe (<i>G. giraffa</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reticulated_giraffe" title="Reticulated giraffe">Reticulated giraffe (<i>G. reticulata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masai_giraffe" title="Masai giraffe">Masai giraffe (<i>G. tippelskirchi</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Moschidae" title="Moschidae">Moschidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Moschus" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Musk_deer" title="Musk deer">Moschus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anhui_musk_deer" title="Anhui musk deer">Anhui musk deer (<i>M. anhuiensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_musk_deer" title="Dwarf musk deer">Dwarf musk deer (<i>M. berezovskii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_musk_deer" title="Alpine musk deer">Alpine musk deer (<i>M. chrysogaster</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_musk_deer" title="Kashmir musk deer">Kashmir musk deer (<i>M. cupreus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_musk_deer" title="Black musk deer">Black musk deer (<i>M. fuscus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-bellied_musk_deer" title="White-bellied musk deer">Himalayan musk deer (<i>M. leucogaster</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_musk_deer" title="Siberian musk deer">Siberian musk deer (<i>M. moschiferus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chevrotain" title="Chevrotain">Tragulidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Water_chevrotain" title="Water chevrotain">Hyemoschus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Water_chevrotain" title="Water chevrotain">Water chevrotain (<i>H. aquaticus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Moschiola" title="Moschiola">Moschiola</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_spotted_chevrotain" title="Indian spotted chevrotain">Indian spotted chevrotain (<i>M. indica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-striped_chevrotain" title="Yellow-striped chevrotain">Yellow-striped chevrotain (<i>M. kathygre</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_spotted_chevrotain" title="Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain">Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain (<i>M. meminna</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tragulus" title="Tragulus">Tragulus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Java_mouse-deer" title="Java mouse-deer">Java mouse-deer (<i>T. javanicus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_mouse-deer" title="Lesser mouse-deer">Lesser mouse-deer (<i>T. kanchil</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_mouse-deer" title="Greater mouse-deer">Greater mouse-deer (<i>T. napu</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_mouse-deer" title="Philippine mouse-deer">Philippine mouse-deer (<i>T. nigricans</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_mouse-deer" title="Vietnam mouse-deer">Vietnam mouse-deer (<i>T. versicolor</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamson%27s_mouse-deer" title="Williamson's mouse-deer">Williamson's mouse-deer (<i>T. williamsoni</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">Cervidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Cervidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">Cervidae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cervinae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cervinae" title="Cervinae">Cervinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Muntjac" title="Muntjac">Muntiacus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bornean_yellow_muntjac" title="Bornean yellow muntjac">Bornean yellow muntjac (<i>M. atherodes</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairy-fronted_muntjac" title="Hairy-fronted muntjac">Hairy-fronted muntjac (<i>M. crinifrons</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fea%27s_muntjac" title="Fea's muntjac">Fea's muntjac (<i>M. feae</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongshan_muntjac" title="Gongshan muntjac">Gongshan muntjac (<i>M. gongshanensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumatran_muntjac" title="Sumatran muntjac">Sumatran muntjac (<i>M. montanus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_red_muntjac" title="Southern red muntjac">Southern red muntjac (<i>M. muntjak</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu_Hoat_muntjac" title="Pu Hoat muntjac">Pu Hoat muntjac (<i>M. puhoatensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leaf_muntjac" title="Leaf muntjac">Leaf muntjac (<i>M. putaoensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reeves%27s_muntjac" title="Reeves's muntjac">Reeves's muntjac (<i>M. reevesi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt%27s_muntjac" title="Roosevelt's muntjac">Roosevelt's muntjac (<i>M. rooseveltorum</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truong_Son_muntjac" title="Truong Son muntjac">Truong Son muntjac (<i>M. truongsonensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_red_muntjac" title="Northern red muntjac">Northern red muntjac (<i>M. vaginalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_muntjac" title="Giant muntjac">Giant muntjac (<i>M. vuquangensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tufted_deer" title="Tufted deer">Elaphodus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tufted_deer" title="Tufted deer">Tufted deer (<i>E. cephalophus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Dama_(genus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dama (genus)">Dama</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_fallow_deer" title="European fallow deer">European fallow deer (<i>D. dama</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_fallow_deer" title="Persian fallow deer">Persian fallow deer (<i>D. mesopotamica</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Axis_(genus)" title="Axis (genus)">Axis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chital" title="Chital">Chital (<i>A. axis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calamian_deer" title="Calamian deer">Calamian deer (<i>A. calamianensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bawean_deer" title="Bawean deer">Bawean deer (<i>A. kuhlii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_hog_deer" title="Indian hog deer">Hog deer (<i>A. porcinus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Rucervus" title="Rucervus">Rucervus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barasingha" title="Barasingha">Barasingha (<i>R. duvaucelii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eld%27s_deer" title="Eld's deer">Eld's deer (<i>R. eldii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Elaphurus" title="Elaphurus">Elaphurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_David%27s_deer" title="Père David's deer">Père David's deer (<i>E. davidianus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Rusa_(genus)" title="Rusa (genus)">Rusa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visayan_spotted_deer" title="Visayan spotted deer">Visayan spotted deer (<i>R. alfredi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_deer" title="Philippine deer">Philippine sambar (<i>R. mariannus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javan_rusa" title="Javan rusa">Rusa deer (<i>R. timorensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambar_deer" title="Sambar deer">Sambar (<i>R. unicolor</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Cervus" title="Cervus">Cervus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thorold%27s_deer" title="Thorold's deer">Thorold's deer (<i>C. albirostris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_deer" title="Red deer">Red deer (<i>C. elaphus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elk" title="Elk">Elk (<i>C. canadensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asian_red_deer" title="Central Asian red deer">Central Asian red deer (<i>C. hanglu</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sika_deer" title="Sika deer">Sika deer (<i>C. nippon</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Capreolinae" title="Capreolinae">Capreolinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Moose" title="Moose">Alces</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moose" title="Moose">Moose (<i>A. alces</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Water_deer" title="Water deer">Hydropotes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Water_deer" title="Water deer">Water deer (<i>H. inermis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Capreolus" title="Capreolus">Capreolus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roe_deer" title="Roe deer">European roe deer (<i>C. capreolus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_roe_deer" title="Siberian roe deer">Siberian roe deer (<i>C. pygargus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">Rangifer</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">Reindeer (<i>R. tarandus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hippocamelus" title="Hippocamelus">Hippocamelus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taruca" title="Taruca">Taruca (<i>H. antisensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Andean_deer" title="South Andean deer">South Andean deer (<i>H. bisulcus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Brocket_deer" title="Brocket deer">Mazama</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_brocket" title="Red brocket">Red brocket (<i>M. americana</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_red_brocket" title="Small red brocket">Small red brocket (<i>M. bororo</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merida_brocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Merida brocket">Merida brocket (<i>M. bricenii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_brocket" title="Dwarf brocket">Dwarf brocket (<i>M. chunyi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_brocket" title="Gray brocket">Gray brocket (<i>M. gouazoubira</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_brocket" title="Pygmy brocket">Pygmy brocket (<i>M. nana</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonian_brown_brocket" title="Amazonian brown brocket">Amazonian brown brocket (<i>M. nemorivaga</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_red_brocket" title="Little red brocket">Little red brocket (<i>M. rufina</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_red_brocket" title="Central American red brocket">Central American red brocket (<i>M. temama</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pampas_deer" title="Pampas deer">Ozotoceros</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pampas_deer" title="Pampas deer">Pampas deer (<i>O. bezoarticus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Marsh_deer" title="Marsh deer">Blastocerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marsh_deer" title="Marsh deer">Marsh deer (<i>B. dichotomus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pudu" title="Pudu">Pudu</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_pudu" title="Northern pudu">Northern pudu (<i>P. mephistophiles</i>)</a>?</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_pudu" title="Southern pudu">Southern pudu (<i>P. pudu</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pudella" class="mw-redirect" title="Pudella">Pudella</a></i>?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pudella_carlae" title="Pudella carlae">Peruvian Yungas pudu (<i>P. carlae</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_pudu" title="Northern pudu">Northern pudu (<i>P. mephistophiles</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Odocoileus" title="Odocoileus">Odocoileus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mule_deer" title="Mule deer">Mule deer (<i>O. hemionus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yucatan_brown_brocket" title="Yucatan brown brocket">Yucatan brown brocket (<i>O. pandora</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_deer" title="White-tailed deer">White-tailed deer (<i>O. virginianus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grazing_antelope" title="Grazing antelope">Hippotraginae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hippotragus" title="Hippotragus">Hippotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roan_antelope" title="Roan antelope">Roan antelope (<i>H. equinus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sable_antelope" title="Sable antelope">Sable antelope (<i>H. niger</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Oryx" title="Oryx">Oryx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_African_oryx" title="East African oryx">East African oryx (<i>O. beisa</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scimitar_oryx" title="Scimitar oryx">Scimitar oryx (<i>O. dammah</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemsbok" title="Gemsbok">Gemsbok (<i>O. gazella</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_oryx" title="Arabian oryx">Arabian oryx (<i>O. leucoryx</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Addax" title="Addax">Addax</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addax" title="Addax">Addax (<i>A. nasomaculatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reduncinae" title="Reduncinae">Reduncinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Kobus_(antelope)" title="Kobus (antelope)">Kobus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waterbuck" title="Waterbuck">Waterbuck (<i>K. ellipsiprymnus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kob" title="Kob">Kob (<i>K. kob</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lechwe" title="Lechwe">Lechwe (<i>K. leche</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile_lechwe" title="Nile lechwe">Nile lechwe (<i>K. megaceros</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puku" title="Puku">Puku (<i>K. vardonii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Reedbuck" title="Reedbuck">Redunca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_reedbuck" title="Southern reedbuck">Southern reedbuck (<i>R. arundinum</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_reedbuck" title="Mountain reedbuck">Mountain reedbuck (<i>R. fulvorufula</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohor_reedbuck" title="Bohor reedbuck">Bohor reedbuck (<i>R. redunca</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Impala" title="Impala">Aepycerotinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Aepyceros" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Impala" title="Impala">Aepyceros</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impala" title="Impala">Impala (<i>A. melampus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grey_rhebok" title="Grey rhebok">Peleinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pelea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Grey_rhebok" title="Grey rhebok">Pelea</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grey_rhebok" title="Grey rhebok">Grey rhebok (<i>P. capreolus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alcelaphinae" title="Alcelaphinae">Alcelaphinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hirola" title="Hirola">Beatragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirola" title="Hirola">Hirola (<i>B. hunteri</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Damaliscus" title="Damaliscus">Damaliscus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Damaliscus_lunatus" title="Damaliscus lunatus">Common tsessebe (<i>D. lunatus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bontebok" title="Bontebok">Bontebok (<i>D. pygargus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hartebeest" title="Hartebeest">Alcelaphus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hartebeest" title="Hartebeest">Hartebeest (<i>A. buselaphus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Wildebeest" title="Wildebeest">Connochaetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_wildebeest" title="Black wildebeest">Black wildebeest (<i>C. gnou</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_wildebeest" title="Blue wildebeest">Blue wildebeest (<i>C. taurinus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_antelope" title="Tibetan antelope">Pantholopinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pantholops" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_antelope" title="Tibetan antelope">Pantholops</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_antelope" title="Tibetan antelope">Tibetan antelope (<i>P. hodgsonii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caprinae" title="Caprinae">Caprinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large subfamily listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bovinae" title="Bovinae">Bovinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large subfamily listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antilopinae" title="Antilopinae">Antilopinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Large subfamily listed below</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae_(subfamily_Caprinae)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a> (subfamily <a href="/wiki/Caprinae" title="Caprinae">Caprinae</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Barbary_sheep" title="Barbary sheep">Ammotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbary_sheep" title="Barbary sheep">Barbary sheep (<i>A. lervia</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Arabian_tahr" title="Arabian tahr">Arabitragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_tahr" title="Arabian tahr">Arabian tahr (<i>A. jayakari</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Takin" title="Takin">Budorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Takin" title="Takin">Takin (<i>B. taxicolor</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Capra_(genus)" title="Capra (genus)">Capra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wild_goat" title="Wild goat">Wild goat (<i>C. aegagrus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Caucasian_tur" title="West Caucasian tur">West Caucasian tur (<i>C. caucasia</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Caucasian_tur" title="East Caucasian tur">East Caucasian tur (<i>C. cylindricornis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markhor" title="Markhor">Markhor (<i>C. falconeri</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">Domestic goat (<i>C. hircus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_ibex" title="Alpine ibex">Alpine ibex (<i>C. ibex</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nubian_ibex" title="Nubian ibex">Nubian ibex (<i>C. nubiana</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_ibex" title="Iberian ibex">Iberian ibex (<i>C. pyrenaica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_ibex" title="Siberian ibex">Siberian ibex (<i>C. sibirica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walia_ibex" title="Walia ibex">Walia ibex (<i>C. walie</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Serow" title="Serow">Capricornis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_serow" title="Japanese serow">Japanese serow (<i>C. crispus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_serow" title="Red serow">Red serow (<i>C. rubidus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_serow" title="Mainland serow">Mainland serow (<i>C. sumatraensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_serow" title="Taiwan serow">Taiwan serow (<i>C. swinhoei</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tahr" title="Tahr">Hemitragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_tahr" title="Himalayan tahr">Himalayan tahr (<i>H. jemlahicus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Goral" title="Goral">Naemorhedus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_goral" title="Red goral">Red goral (<i>N. baileyi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_goral" title="Long-tailed goral">Long-tailed goral (<i>N. caudatus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_goral" title="Himalayan goral">Himalayan goral (<i>N. goral</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_goral" title="Chinese goral">Chinese goral (<i>N. griseus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Mountain_goat" title="Mountain goat">Oreamnos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_goat" title="Mountain goat">Mountain goat (<i>O. americanus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Muskox" title="Muskox">Ovibos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muskox" title="Muskox">Muskox (<i>O. moschatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_tahr" title="Nilgiri tahr">Nilgiritragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nilgiri_tahr" title="Nilgiri tahr">Nilgiri tahr (<i>N. hylocrius</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ovis" title="Ovis">Ovis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argali" title="Argali">Argali (<i>O. ammon</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">Domestic sheep (<i>O. aries</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bighorn_sheep" title="Bighorn sheep">Bighorn sheep (<i>O. canadensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dall_sheep" title="Dall sheep">Dall sheep (<i>O. dalli</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouflon" title="Mouflon">Mouflon (<i>O. gmelini</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_sheep" title="Snow sheep">Snow sheep (<i>O. nivicola</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urial" title="Urial">Urial (<i>O. vignei</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudois" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudois">Pseudois</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharal" title="Bharal">Bharal (<i>P. nayaur</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Rupicapra" title="Rupicapra">Rupicapra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyrenean_chamois" title="Pyrenean chamois">Pyrenean chamois (<i>R. pyrenaica</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamois" title="Chamois">Chamois (<i>R. rupicapra</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae_(subfamily_Bovinae)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a> (subfamily <a href="/wiki/Bovinae" title="Bovinae">Bovinae</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boselaphini" title="Boselaphini">Boselaphini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Four-horned_antelope" title="Four-horned antelope">Tetracerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four-horned_antelope" title="Four-horned antelope">Four-horned antelope (<i>T. quadricornis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nilgai" title="Nilgai">Boselaphus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nilgai" title="Nilgai">Nilgai (<i>B. tragocamelus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bovini" title="Bovini">Bovini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Bubalus" title="Bubalus">Bubalus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wild_water_buffalo" title="Wild water buffalo">Wild water buffalo (<i>B. arnee</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_buffalo" title="Water buffalo">Domestic water buffalo (<i>B. bubalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowland_anoa" title="Lowland anoa">Lowland anoa (<i>B. depressicornis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamaraw" title="Tamaraw">Tamaraw (<i>B. mindorensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_anoa" title="Mountain anoa">Mountain anoa (<i>B. quarlesi</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Bos" title="Bos">Bos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">American bison (<i>B. bison</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_bison" title="European bison">European bison (<i>B. bonasus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_cattle" title="Bali cattle">Bali cattle (<i>B. domesticus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayal" title="Gayal">Gayal (<i>B. frontalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaur" title="Gaur">Gaur (<i>B. gaurus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak" title="Yak">Domestic yak (<i>B. grunniens</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebu" title="Zebu">Zebu (<i>B. indicus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banteng" title="Banteng">Banteng (<i>B. javanicus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_yak" title="Wild yak">Wild yak (<i>B. mutus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">Cattle (<i>B. taurus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Saola" title="Saola">Pseudoryx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saola" title="Saola">Saola (<i>P. nghetinhensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/African_buffalo" title="African buffalo">Syncerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_buffalo" title="African buffalo">African buffalo (<i>S. caffer</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tragelaphini" title="Tragelaphini">Tragelaphini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Tragelaphus" title="Tragelaphus">Tragelaphus</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><span class="nobold">(including <a href="/wiki/Kudu" title="Kudu">kudus</a>)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nyala" title="Nyala">Nyala (<i>T. angasii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_nyala" title="Mountain nyala">Mountain nyala (<i>T. buxtoni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongo_(antelope)" title="Bongo (antelope)">Bongo (<i>T. eurycerus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_kudu" title="Lesser kudu">Lesser kudu (<i>T. imberbis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harnessed_bushbuck" title="Harnessed bushbuck">Harnessed bushbuck (<i>T. scriptus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitatunga" title="Sitatunga">Sitatunga (<i>T. spekeii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_kudu" title="Greater kudu">Greater kudu (<i>T. strepsiceros</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_bushbuck" title="Cape bushbuck">Cape bushbuck (<i>T. sylvaticus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/wiki/Taurotragus" title="Taurotragus">Taurotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant_eland" title="Giant eland">Giant eland (<i>T. derbianus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_eland" title="Common eland">Common eland (<i>T. oryx</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae_(subfamily_Antilopinae)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a> (subfamily <a href="/wiki/Antilopinae" title="Antilopinae">Antilopinae</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antilopini" title="Antilopini">Antilopini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Dibatag" title="Dibatag">Ammodorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dibatag" title="Dibatag">Dibatag (<i>A. clarkei</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Springbok" title="Springbok">Antidorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Springbok" title="Springbok">Springbok (<i>A. marsupialis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">Antilope</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">Blackbuck (<i>A. cervicapra</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Eudorcas" title="Eudorcas">Eudorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongalla_gazelle" title="Mongalla gazelle">Mongalla gazelle (<i>E. albonotata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-fronted_gazelle" title="Red-fronted gazelle">Red-fronted gazelle (<i>E. rufifrons</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomson%27s_gazelle" title="Thomson's gazelle">Thomson's gazelle (<i>E. thomsonii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heuglin%27s_gazelle" title="Heuglin's gazelle">Heuglin's gazelle (<i>E. tilonura</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Gazelle" title="Gazelle">Gazella</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinkara" title="Chinkara">Chinkara (<i>G. bennettii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuvier%27s_gazelle" title="Cuvier's gazelle">Cuvier's gazelle (<i>G. cuvieri</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorcas_gazelle" title="Dorcas gazelle">Dorcas gazelle (<i>G. dorcas</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlanger%27s_gazelle" title="Erlanger's gazelle">Erlanger's gazelle (<i>G. erlangeri</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_gazelle" title="Mountain gazelle">Mountain gazelle (<i>G. gazella</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhim_gazelle" title="Rhim gazelle">Rhim gazelle (<i>G. leptoceros</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speke%27s_gazelle" title="Speke's gazelle">Speke's gazelle (<i>G. spekei</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goitered_gazelle" title="Goitered gazelle">Goitered gazelle (<i>G. subgutturosa</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Gerenuk" title="Gerenuk">Litocranius</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gerenuk" title="Gerenuk">Gerenuk (<i>L. walleri</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nanger" title="Nanger">Nanger</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dama_gazelle" title="Dama gazelle">Dama gazelle (<i>N. dama</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant%27s_gazelle" title="Grant's gazelle">Grant's gazelle (<i>N. granti</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright%27s_gazelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Bright's gazelle">Bright's gazelle (<i>N. notatus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter%27s_gazelle" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter's gazelle">Peter's gazelle (<i>N. petersii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soemmerring%27s_gazelle" title="Soemmerring's gazelle">Soemmerring's gazelle (<i>N. soemmerringii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Procapra" title="Procapra">Procapra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_gazelle" title="Mongolian gazelle">Mongolian gazelle (<i>P. gutturosa</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_(antelope)" title="Goa (antelope)">Goa (<i>P. picticaudata</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Przewalski%27s_gazelle" title="Przewalski's gazelle">Przewalski's gazelle (<i>P. przewalskii</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saigini</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Saiga" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Saiga_antelope" title="Saiga antelope">Saiga</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saiga_antelope" title="Saiga antelope">Saiga antelope (<i>S. tatarica</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neotragini" title="Neotragini">Neotragini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Beira_(antelope)" title="Beira (antelope)">Dorcatragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beira_(antelope)" title="Beira (antelope)">Beira (<i>D. megalotis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Dik-dik" title="Dik-dik">Madoqua</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther%27s_dik-dik" title="Günther's dik-dik">Günther's dik-dik (<i>M. guentheri</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk%27s_dik-dik" title="Kirk's dik-dik">Kirk's dik-dik (<i>M. kirkii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_dik-dik" title="Silver dik-dik">Silver dik-dik (<i>M. piacentinii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt%27s_dik-dik" title="Salt's dik-dik">Salt's dik-dik (<i>M. saltiana</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Neotragus" title="Neotragus">Neotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_antelope" title="Royal antelope">Royal antelope (<i>N. pygmaeus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nesotragus" title="Nesotragus">Nesotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bates%27s_pygmy_antelope" title="Bates's pygmy antelope">Bates' pygmy antelope (<i>N. batesi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suni" title="Suni">Suni (<i>N. moschatus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Klipspringer" title="Klipspringer">Oreotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klipspringer" title="Klipspringer">Klipspringer (<i>O. oreotragus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Oribi" title="Oribi">Ourebia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oribi" title="Oribi">Oribi (<i>O. ourebi</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Raphicerus" title="Raphicerus">Raphicerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steenbok" title="Steenbok">Steenbok (<i>R. campestris</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_grysbok" title="Cape grysbok">Cape grysbok (<i>R. melanotis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharpe%27s_grysbok" title="Sharpe's grysbok">Sharpe's grysbok (<i>R. sharpei</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Duiker" title="Duiker">Cephalophini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Duiker" title="Duiker">Cephalophus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aders%27s_duiker" title="Aders's duiker">Aders's duiker (<i>C. adersi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke%27s_duiker" title="Brooke's duiker">Brooke's duiker (<i>C. brookei</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peters%27s_duiker" title="Peters's duiker">Peters' duiker (<i>C. callipygus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-legged_duiker" title="White-legged duiker">White-legged duiker (<i>C. crusalbum</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_duiker" title="Bay duiker">Bay duiker (<i>C. dorsalis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey%27s_duiker" title="Harvey's duiker">Harvey's duiker (<i>C. harveyi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jentink%27s_duiker" title="Jentink's duiker">Jentink's duiker (<i>C. jentinki</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-bellied_duiker" title="White-bellied duiker">White-bellied duiker (<i>C. leucogaster</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_forest_duiker" title="Red forest duiker">Red forest duiker (<i>C. natalensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_duiker" title="Black duiker">Black duiker (<i>C. niger</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-fronted_duiker" title="Black-fronted duiker">Black-fronted duiker (<i>C. nigrifrons</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogilby%27s_duiker" title="Ogilby's duiker">Ogilby's duiker (<i>C. ogilbyi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruwenzori_duiker" title="Ruwenzori duiker">Ruwenzori duiker (<i>C. rubidis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-flanked_duiker" title="Red-flanked duiker">Red-flanked duiker (<i>C. rufilatus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-backed_duiker" title="Yellow-backed duiker">Yellow-backed duiker (<i>C. silvicultor</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbott%27s_duiker" title="Abbott's duiker">Abbott's duiker (<i>C. spadix</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weyns%27s_duiker" title="Weyns's duiker">Weyns's duiker (<i>C. weynsi</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebra_duiker" title="Zebra duiker">Zebra duiker (<i>C. zebra</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Duiker" title="Duiker">Philantomba</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_duiker" title="Blue duiker">Blue duiker (<i>P. monticola</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell%27s_duiker" title="Maxwell's duiker">Maxwell's duiker (<i>P. maxwellii</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter%27s_duiker" title="Walter's duiker">Walter's duiker (<i>P. walteri</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/wiki/Common_duiker" title="Common duiker">Sylvicapra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_duiker" title="Common duiker">Common duiker (<i>S. grimmia</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Suina" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Suina" title="Suina">Suina</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suidae" title="Suidae">Suidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Babirusa" title="Babirusa">Babyrousa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buru_babirusa" title="Buru babirusa">Buru babirusa (<i>B. babyrussa</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sulawesi_babirusa" title="North Sulawesi babirusa">North Sulawesi babirusa (<i>B. celebensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togian_babirusa" title="Togian babirusa">Togian babirusa (<i>B. togeanensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Giant_forest_hog" title="Giant forest hog">Hylochoerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant_forest_hog" title="Giant forest hog">Giant forest hog (<i>H. meinertzhageni</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Phacochoerus" class="mw-redirect" title="Phacochoerus">Phacochoerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desert_warthog" title="Desert warthog">Desert warthog (<i>P. aethiopicus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_warthog" title="Common warthog">Common warthog (<i>P. africanus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_hog" title="Pygmy hog">Porcula</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_hog" title="Pygmy hog">Pygmy hog (<i>P. salvania</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Potamochoerus" title="Potamochoerus">Potamochoerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bushpig" title="Bushpig">Bushpig (<i>P. larvatus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_river_hog" title="Red river hog">Red river hog (<i>P. porcus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Sus_(genus)" title="Sus (genus)">Sus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palawan_bearded_pig" title="Palawan bearded pig">Palawan bearded pig (<i>S. ahoenobarbus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bornean_bearded_pig" title="Bornean bearded pig">Bornean bearded pig (<i>S. barbatus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayan_warty_pig" title="Visayan warty pig">Visayan warty pig (<i>S. cebifrons</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celebes_warty_pig" title="Celebes warty pig">Celebes warty pig (<i>S. celebensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Domestic pig (<i>S. domesticus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flores_warty_pig" title="Flores warty pig">Flores warty pig (<i>S. heureni</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver%27s_warty_pig" title="Oliver's warty pig">Oliver's warty pig (<i>S. oliveri</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_warty_pig" title="Philippine warty pig">Philippine warty pig (<i>S. philippensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">Wild boar (<i>S. scrofa</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_warty_pig" title="Timor warty pig">Timor warty pig (<i>S. timoriensis</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javan_warty_pig" title="Javan warty pig">Javan warty pig (<i>S. verrucosus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Peccary" title="Peccary">Tayassuidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/White-lipped_peccary" title="White-lipped peccary">Tayassu</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-lipped_peccary" title="White-lipped peccary">White-lipped peccary (<i>T. pecari</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Chacoan_peccary" title="Chacoan peccary">Catagonus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chacoan_peccary" title="Chacoan peccary">Chacoan peccary (<i>C. wagneri</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Collared_peccary" title="Collared peccary">Dicotyles</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collared_peccary" title="Collared peccary">Collared peccary (<i>D. tajacu</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Tylopoda" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Tylopoda" title="Tylopoda">Tylopoda</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Camelidae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em"><a href="/wiki/Camelidae" title="Camelidae">Camelidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Lama_(genus)" title="Lama (genus)">Lama</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Llama" title="Llama">Llama (<i>L. glama</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanaco" title="Guanaco">Guanaco (<i>L. guanicoe</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpaca" title="Alpaca">Alpaca (<i>L. pacos</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Vicuña">Vicuña (<i>L. vicugna</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Camel" title="Camel">Camelus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bactrian_camel" title="Bactrian camel">Domestic Bactrian camel (<i>C. bactrianus</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dromedary" title="Dromedary">Dromedary/Arabian camel (<i>C. dromedarius</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_Bactrian_camel" title="Wild Bactrian camel">Wild Bactrian camel (<i>C. ferus</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Whippomorpha" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/wiki/Whippomorpha" title="Whippomorpha">Whippomorpha</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><a href="/wiki/Hippopotamidae" title="Hippopotamidae">Hippopotamidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hippopotamus_(genus)" title="Hippopotamus (genus)">Hippopotamus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hippopotamus" title="Hippopotamus">Hippopotamus (<i>H. amphibius</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_hippopotamus" title="Pygmy hippopotamus">Choeropsis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_hippopotamus" title="Pygmy hippopotamus">Pygmy hippopotamus (<i>C. liberiensis</i>)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><a href="/wiki/Cetacea" title="Cetacea">Cetacea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:Cetacea" title="Template:Cetacea">Cetacea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Sus scrofa domesticus</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q787">Q787</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_domesticus" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Sus scrofa domesticus">Sus scrofa domesticus</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/9104700">9104700</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/324492">324492</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=898917">898917</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=9825">9825</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/9b450d33-f5e7-48ba-af94-776f8764bf95">9b450d33-f5e7-48ba-af94-776f8764bf95</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=730013">730013</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierstimmenarchiv" class="extiw" title="de:Tierstimmenarchiv">TSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tierstimmen.org/en/database?field_spec_species_target_id_selective=17082">17082</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=5525936">5525936</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Sus scrofa scrofa</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15896091" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q15896091">Q15896091</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa_scrofa" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Sus scrofa scrofa">Sus scrofa scrofa</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/5LCHW">5LCHW</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/4445644">4445644</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/a01e4424-2566-4dc0-b819-ddd77a29ca36">a01e4424-2566-4dc0-b819-ddd77a29ca36</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/7261469">7261469</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/536303">536303</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=898310">898310</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14200055">14200055</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=415978">415978</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4053848-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85131235">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Porc"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938317z">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Porc"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11938317z">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="prasata"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph115875&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Cūkas"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000099298&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987012438274805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 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