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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uí_Moccu_Úais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Uí Moccu Úais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uí_Moccu_Úais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_kings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_kings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of kings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_kings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of kings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_kings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mac_Mathghamhna_chiefs,_1243–1590" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mac_Mathghamhna_chiefs,_1243–1590"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Mac Mathghamhna chiefs, 1243–1590</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mac_Mathghamhna_chiefs,_1243–1590-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bibliography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> 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– Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Airgíalla" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_d%27Airg%C3%ADalla" title="Royaume d'Airgíalla – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume d'Airgíalla" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oirialla" title="Oirialla – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Oirialla" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%EA%B8%B8%EB%9D%BC" title="아르길라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아르길라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla" title="Airgíalla – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Airgíalla" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airgialla" title="Airgialla – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Airgialla" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla" title="Airgíalla – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Airgíalla" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Айргиалла – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Айргиалла" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airg%C3%ADalla" title="Airgíalla – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Airgíalla" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mediaeval Irish overkingdom</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Oriel</div><div class="ib-country-names">Airgíalla</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">331–1585</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ireland_early_peoples_and_politics.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Airgíalla and other Irish kingdoms in the 7th–8th century"><img alt="Airgíalla and other Irish kingdoms in the 7th–8th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Ireland_early_peoples_and_politics.gif/250px-Ireland_early_peoples_and_politics.gif" decoding="async" width="250" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Ireland_early_peoples_and_politics.gif/375px-Ireland_early_peoples_and_politics.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Ireland_early_peoples_and_politics.gif/500px-Ireland_early_peoples_and_politics.gif 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="952" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Airgíalla and other Irish kingdoms in the 7th–8th century</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Irish" title="Middle Irish">Middle Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Early Modern Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaelic Christianity">Gaelic Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Christianity">Catholic Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_paganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Celtic paganism">Gaelic tradition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of Ireland">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tanistry" title="Tanistry">Tanistry</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Airg%C3%ADalla" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings of Airgíalla">Rí</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 331–<i>?</i> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Three_Collas" title="The Three Collas">Colla Uais</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1579–1585 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rossa_Buidhe_Mac_Mathghamhna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rossa Buidhe Mac Mathghamhna (page does not exist)">Rossa Buidhe Mac Mathghamhna</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Established </div></th><td class="infobox-data">331</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Disestablished </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1585</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:IE" title="ISO 3166-2:IE">IE</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/RedHandOfUlster_DexterHand.png/20px-RedHandOfUlster_DexterHand.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/RedHandOfUlster_DexterHand.png/30px-RedHandOfUlster_DexterHand.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/RedHandOfUlster_DexterHand.png/40px-RedHandOfUlster_DexterHand.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ulaid" title="Ulaid">Ulaid</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Kingdom of Ireland</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Arms_of_Ireland_%28historical%29.svg/20px-Arms_of_Ireland_%28historical%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Arms_of_Ireland_%28historical%29.svg/30px-Arms_of_Ireland_%28historical%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Arms_of_Ireland_%28historical%29.svg/40px-Arms_of_Ireland_%28historical%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="452" data-file-height="537" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Airgíalla</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Old Irish pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="sga-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">[ˈarʲɣʲiːal͈a]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Modern Irish</a>: <b>Oirialla</b>, English: <b>Oriel</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latin: <i>Ergallia</i>) was a medieval Irish <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Ireland" title="Provinces of Ireland">over-kingdom</a> and the collective name for the confederation of tribes that formed it. The confederation consisted of nine minor kingdoms, all independent of each other but paying nominal <a href="/wiki/Suzerainty" title="Suzerainty">suzerainty</a> to an <a href="/wiki/Overking" class="mw-redirect" title="Overking">overking</a>, usually from the most powerful dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Airgíalla at its peak roughly matched the modern <a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_dioceses_in_Ireland" title="List of Catholic dioceses in Ireland">dioceses</a> of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Armagh" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Armagh">Armagh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Clogher" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Clogher">Clogher</a>, spanning parts of <a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Ireland" title="Counties of Ireland">counties</a> <a href="/wiki/County_Armagh" title="County Armagh">Armagh</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Monaghan" title="County Monaghan">Monaghan</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Louth" title="County Louth">Louth</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Fermanagh" title="County Fermanagh">Fermanagh</a>, <a href="/wiki/County_Tyrone" title="County Tyrone">Tyrone</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_Londonderry" title="County Londonderry">Londonderry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its main towns were <a href="/wiki/Armagh" title="Armagh">Armagh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clogher" title="Clogher">Clogher</a>. The name's usage survives as a cultural area of folk tradition in South East Ulster and adjoining areas of County Louth. </p><p>According to legend, Airgíalla was founded by the <a href="/wiki/Three_Collas" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Collas">Three Collas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who are said to have conquered what is now central <a href="/wiki/Ulster" title="Ulster">Ulster</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Ulaid" title="Ulaid">Ulaid</a>. The decisive victory was the battle of <a href="/wiki/Achaidh_Leithdeircc" title="Achaidh Leithdeircc">Achadh Leithdheirg</a>, said to have been fought around the year 331. However, this tale is thought to be mostly fiction, and the actual year and circumstances of how the Airgíalla confederation came about is unknown. </p><p>Originally thought to have been under the dominance of the neighbouring Ulaid to the east, the territory of the Airgíalla from the 6th century onwards was gradually eroded by the encroachment of their northern neighbours, the Cenél nEógain of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Northern Uí Néill">Northern Uí Néill</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Southern_U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Southern Uí Néill">Southern Uí Néill</a> to their south. From 735 they fell under the dominance of the Cenél nEógain, and by 827 had become their vassals.<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The kingdom of Airgíalla was at its peak in the 12th century, under king <a href="/wiki/Donnchad_Ua_Cerbaill" title="Donnchad Ua Cerbaill">Donnchad Ua Cerbaill</a>. The later constricted kingdom of Airgíalla survived in Monaghan—which was known as Oirghialla and Oriel after the <a href="/wiki/Norman_Invasion_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Norman Invasion of Ireland">Norman Invasion of Ireland</a>—under the <a href="/wiki/McMahon_clans" title="McMahon clans">Mac Mathghamhna</a>, until the end of the <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic order in Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">Airgíalla</i></span>, referring to both the Irish over-kingdom of Airgíalla, and the confederation of tribes that formed it, may mean 'those who give hostages' or 'hostage givers',<sup id="cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg13_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg13-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> presumably in reference to the included territories' vassalage. It is commonly anglicised as <i>Oriel</i>; however, archaic anglicisations include <i>Uriel</i>, <i>Orial</i>, <i>Orgialla</i>, <i>Orgiall</i>, and <i>Oryallia</i>, along with the latinisation <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Ergallia</i></span>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>After the Anglo-Norman invasion, the anglicisation <i>Uriel</i> became the name of the part of Airgíalla that had extended into modern-day County Louth.<sup id="cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, the portion of Airgíalla that survived in modern-day County Monaghan, became known as <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Oirghialla</i></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from which derives the anglicisation <i>Oriel</i>. </p><p>In early manuscripts, the <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Clogher" title="Bishop of Clogher">Bishop of Clogher</a> was styled "Bishop of Oirialla". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="According_to_legend">According to legend</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: According to legend"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the beginning of the 4th century, three warlike brothers, known as the <a href="/wiki/Three_Collas" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Collas">Three Collas</a>, made a conquest of a great part of Ulster, which they wrested from the Ulaid. It was the after the battle of <a href="/wiki/Achaidh_Leithdeircc" title="Achaidh Leithdeircc">Achadh Leithdheirg</a>, fought around 331, that they founded Airgíalla.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Donovan1856_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Donovan1856-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-O'Cleary2003_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Cleary2003-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this battle the forces of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Collas" class="mw-redirect" title="Three Collas">Three Collas</a> defeated the forces of <a href="/wiki/Fergus_Foga" class="mw-redirect" title="Fergus Foga">Fergus Foga</a>, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Ulster" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Ulster">king of Ulster</a>, who was slain, and the victors burned to the ground <a href="/wiki/Emain_Macha" class="mw-redirect" title="Emain Macha">Emain Macha</a>, the ancient capital of Ulaid. </p><p>However, in general it can be shown that the origin legend was written (or composed) in the second quarter of the 8th century to seal their alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Northern_U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Northern Uí Néill">Northern Uí Néill</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Attribution_needed" title="Wikipedia:Attribution needed"><span title="This sentence may contain perspectives and opinions without stating whose they are. (December 2013)">attribution needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Historical_emergence">Historical emergence</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Historical emergence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest reference to the Airgíalla occurs in the Annals of Tigernach under the year 677, where the death of Dunchad mac Ultan, <i>"<a href="/wiki/R%C3%AD" title="Rí">Rí</a> Oigriall"</i>, is noted. However, it is suspected of being a retrospective interpolation. On the other hand, the entry in the Annals of Ulster under the year 697 which lists Mael Fothataig mac Mael Dub as <i>"Rex na nAirgialla"</i> may indeed be genuine. Both Mael Fothatag and his son, Eochu Lemnae (died 704), are listed among the guarantors of the <i>"<a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1in_Adomn%C3%A1in" title="Cáin Adomnáin">Cáin Adomnáin</a>"</i> in 697. Thus it is believed that the Airgíalla were probably in existence as an entity by then, or certainly by the opening years of the 8th century. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Airgialla-900.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Airgialla-900.svg/220px-Airgialla-900.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Airgialla-900.svg/330px-Airgialla-900.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Airgialla-900.svg/440px-Airgialla-900.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="633" data-file-height="825" /></a><figcaption>Approximate location of Airgíalla c.900</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="8th–12th_centuries"><span id="8th.E2.80.9312th_centuries"></span>8th–12th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 8th–12th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="13th–16th_centuries"><span id="13th.E2.80.9316th_centuries"></span>13th–16th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 13th–16th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Downfall_of_the_Realm">Downfall of the Realm</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Downfall of the Realm"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Perrot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_Perrot.png/220px-John_Perrot.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_Perrot.png/330px-John_Perrot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/John_Perrot.png/440px-John_Perrot.png 2x" data-file-width="605" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Rossa Buidhe surrendered Airgíalla to Lord Deputy, <a href="/wiki/John_Perrot" title="John Perrot">John Perrot</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Kingdom of Airgíalla came to an end in 1585 when <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rossa_Boy_MacMahon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rossa Boy MacMahon (page does not exist)">Rossa Boy MacMahon</a> agreed to <a href="/wiki/Surrender_and_regrant" title="Surrender and regrant">surrender and regrant</a> his territories to the <a href="/wiki/English_Crown_in_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="English Crown in Ireland">English Crown in Ireland</a>, with his territory becoming <a href="/wiki/County_Monaghan" title="County Monaghan">County Monaghan</a> in the Tudor <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Kingdom of Ireland</a>. Rossa Buidhe had ascended to the Airgíalla kingship in 1579 and found himself geopolitically in an undesirable position; wedged between an expanding Tudor kingdom and <a href="/wiki/T%C3%ADr_Eoghain" title="Tír Eoghain">Tír Eoghain</a> under the <a href="/wiki/O%27Neill" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Neill">O'Neill</a>. Initially, Rossa Boy made moves which suggested an alliance with Tír Eoghain, as he married the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Hugh_O%27Neill,_Earl_of_Tyrone" title="Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone">Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone</a>. However, evidently hoping to be left alone to run affairs locally, while pledging allegiance to a distant monarch in <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a>, the MacMahon met with <a href="/wiki/John_Perrot" title="John Perrot">John Perrot</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Lord_Deputy_of_Ireland" title="Lord Deputy of Ireland">Lord Deputy of Ireland</a> (according to some, a natural son of Tudor monarch <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a>) and agreed to join their Kingdom of Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Airgíalla, now known as Monaghan, was divided into five baronies under native <a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaelic</a> chiefs, mostly from the MacMahon themselves. </p><p>This was not the end of the matter, however. Fearing the encroachment of the English, moving in closer and closer to his own territories, Hugh O'Neill turned to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brian_Mac_Hugh_Og_MacMahon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brian Mac Hugh Og MacMahon (page does not exist)">Brian Mac Hugh Og MacMahon</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dartree" title="Dartree">Dartree</a> and married off another daughter to him. Brian Mac Hugh Og was then the <i><a href="/wiki/Tanist" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanist">tanist</a></i> to the chieftainship of his people according to the native <a href="/wiki/Brehon_laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Brehon laws">Brehon laws</a> and O'Neill was hoping to bring the "phantom" Airgíalla realm back into his camp on the death of Rossa Buidhe through this pact. For his part, Ross Buidhe was trying to engineer a pro-English succession through his brother <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Roe_MacMahon" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh Roe MacMahon">Hugh Roe MacMahon</a>. When the new Lord Deputy, <a href="/wiki/William_FitzWilliam_(Lord_Deputy)" title="William FitzWilliam (Lord Deputy)">William FitzWilliam</a> began to pressure the acceptance of an English <a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Monaghan" title="High Sheriff of Monaghan">High Sheriff of Monaghan</a>, O'Neill used his influence to exact opposition to it from clansmen in Monaghan (the same policy was promoted in Leitrim, Fermanagh and Donegal to encircle Tyrone). As a consequence, a military force led by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Bagenal" title="Henry Bagenal">Henry Bagenal</a> was sent into the county in early 1589 to impose the sheriff and by the summer of that year, Rossa Boy was dead<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Please clarify the preceding statement or statements with a good explanation from a reliable source. (April 2022)">how?</span></a></i>]</sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dynastic_groups">Dynastic groups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Dynastic groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Airgíalla was composed of nine minor-kingdoms, each named after their ruling dynasty. These were:<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Uí Tuirtri, also spelt as Uí Tuirtre, meaning "descendants of Tort". They were based east of the <a href="/wiki/Sperrin_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Sperrin Mountains">Sperrin Mountains</a> in eastern <a href="/wiki/County_Londonderry" title="County Londonderry">County Londonderry</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_Tyrone" title="County Tyrone">Tyrone</a>. From 776, the Uí Thuirtri had moved east of the <a href="/wiki/River_Bann" title="River Bann">River Bann</a> and into the over-kingdom of Ulaid, and by 919 they had lost all links to the Airgíalla.<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Uí Maic Cairthinn, meaning "descendants of Cairthend". Based south of <a href="/wiki/Lough_Foyle" title="Lough Foyle">Lough Foyle</a> in north-western County Londonderry.</li> <li>Uí Fiachrach Arda Sratha, meaning "descendants of Fiachrach of Ard Straw". Based at <a href="/wiki/Ardstraw" title="Ardstraw">Ardstraw</a> in modern-day County Tyrone. They became subject to the Cenél nEógain by the 12th-century, and expanded southwards into <a href="/wiki/Lurg" title="Lurg">Fir Luírg</a>, in County Fermanagh.<sup id="cite_ref-Cosgrove_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cosgrove-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Uí Cremthainn, based in what is now parts of modern-day County Fermanagh, <a href="/wiki/County_Monaghan" title="County Monaghan">Monaghan</a>, and Tyrone.</li> <li>Uí Méith, based in modern-day County Monaghan.</li> <li>Airthir, meaning "Easterners".<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were based around the city of <a href="/wiki/Armagh" title="Armagh">Armagh</a>, and held control of the offices of the church in Armagh, which had preeminence in Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourne_(barony)" title="Mourne (barony)">Mugdorna</a>, or Crích Mughdornd, based in County Monaghan (<a href="/wiki/Cremorne_(barony)" title="Cremorne (barony)">Cremorne barony</a>), however by the 12th-century had settled the territory of Bairrche, located in southern <a href="/wiki/County_Down" title="County Down">County Down</a>, and named it after themselves.<sup id="cite_ref-Magoo_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magoo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their name lives on as "Mourne", the present-day name for the area and the <a href="/wiki/Mourne_Mountains" title="Mourne Mountains">Mourne Mountains</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Magoo_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magoo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Fir Chraíbe, also known as the Fir na Chraíbe,<sup id="cite_ref-Warner60_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warner60-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning "men of the branch". They were located west of the River Bann in north-eastern County Londonderry. By the 9th-century they were a subject-people of the Cenél nEógain.<sup id="cite_ref-Warner60_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warner60-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Fir Lí, also known as the Fir Lee, meaning "people of Lí". They were located west of the River Bann in mid-eastern County Londonderry. By the 9th-century they were a subject-people of the Cenél nEógain.<sup id="cite_ref-Warner60_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Warner60-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uí_Moccu_Úais"><span id="U.C3.AD_Moccu_.C3.9Aais"></span>Uí Moccu Úais</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Uí Moccu Úais"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Uí Tuirtri, Uí Maic Cairthinn, and Uí Fiachrach Arda Sratha, were collectively known as the Uí Moccu Úais as they claimed descent from Colla Uais.<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pedigrees in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Leinster" title="Book of Leinster">Book of Leinster</a> states that Colla Uais had two sons, Erc and Fiachra Tort. From Fiachra Tort came the Uí Tuirtri. From Erc, came Cairthend and Fiachrach, who were respectively the ancestors of the Uí Maic Cairthinn and the Uí Fiachrach Arda Sratha. The Fir Lí are also claimed as being descended from Fiachra Tort, though other sources claim they descend from another son of Colla Uais called Faradach. </p><p>The Uí Moccu Uais were also found in counties <a href="/wiki/County_Meath" title="County Meath">Meath</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_Westmeath" title="County Westmeath">Westmeath</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were known as Uí Moccu Uais Midi and Uí Moccu Uais Breg, meaning the Uí Moccu Uais of Meath and Brega, respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_kings">List of kings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: List of kings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Colga mac Loite mac Cruinn, died 513</li> <li>Cairpre Daim Argat, died 514</li> <li>Daimine Daim Argat, died 565</li> <li>Conall Derg mac Daimine</li> <li>Bec mac Cuanu, died 594</li> <li>Aed mac Colgan, died 606</li> <li>Mael Odhar Macha, died 636</li> <li>Dunchad mac Ultan, died <a href="/wiki/677_in_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="677 in Ireland">677</a>?</li> <li>Mael Fothartaig mac Mael Dubh, alive <a href="/wiki/697_in_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="697 in Ireland">697</a></li> <li>Cu Masach mac Cathal, died 825</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofraid_mac_Fergusa" title="Gofraid mac Fergusa">Gofraidh mac Fearghus</a>, fl. 835</li> <li>Foghartaigh mac Mael Breasal, died 850/852</li> <li>Congalach mac Finnachta, died 874</li> <li>Mael Padraig mac Mael Curarada, died 882</li> <li>Maol Craoibh ua Duibh Sionach, died 917</li> <li>Fogarthach mac Donnegan, died 947</li> <li>Egneach mac Dalach, died 961</li> <li>Donnacan mac Maelmuire, died 970</li> <li>Mac Eiccnigh mac Dalagh, died 998</li> <li>Mac Leiginn mac Cerbaill, died 1022</li> <li>Cathalan Ua Crichain, died 1027</li> <li>Gilla Coluim ua Eichnech, died 1048</li> <li>Leathlobair Ua Laidhgnen, died 1053</li> <li>Leathlobair Ua Laidhgnen, died 1078</li> <li>Aodh Ua Baoigheallain, died 1093</li> <li>Ua Ainbhigh, died 1094</li> <li>Cu Caishil Ua Cerbaill, died 1101</li> <li>Giolla Crist Ua hEiccnigh, died 1127</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donnchadh_Ua_Cearbaill" class="mw-redirect" title="Donnchadh Ua Cearbaill">Donnchadh Ua Cearbaill</a>, 1130–1168/1169</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murchard_Ua_Cerbaill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murchard Ua Cerbaill (page does not exist)">Murchard Ua Cerbaill</a>, 1168–1189</li> <li>Muirchertach, 1189–1194</li> <li>?, died 1196</li> <li>Ua Eichnigh, died 1201</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giolla_P%C3%A1draig_%C3%93_hAnluain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giolla Pádraig Ó hAnluain (page does not exist)">Giolla Pádraig Ó hAnluain</a>, 1201–1243</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mac_Mathghamhna_chiefs,_1243–1590"><span id="Mac_Mathghamhna_chiefs.2C_1243.E2.80.931590"></span>Mac Mathghamhna chiefs, 1243–1590</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Mac Mathghamhna chiefs, 1243–1590"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/McMahon_clans#The_MacMahons_of_Oriel_(Monaghan)" title="McMahon clans">McMahon_clans § The_MacMahons_of_Oriel_(Monaghan)</a></div> <ul><li>Eochaid mac Mathgahamna mac Neill, died 1273</li> <li>Brian mac Eochada, 1283–1311</li> <li>Ralph/Roolb mac Eochada, 1311–1314</li> <li>Mael Sechlainn mac Eochada, 1314–?</li> <li>Murchad Mór mac Briain, ?–1331</li> <li>Seoan mac Maoilsheachlainn, 1331–1342</li> <li>Aodh mac Roolb, 1342–1344</li> <li>Murchadh Óg mac Murchada, 1344–1344</li> <li>Maghnus mac Eochadha, 1344–1357</li> <li>Pilib mac Rooilbh, 1357–1362</li> <li>Brian Mór mac Aodh, 1362–1365</li> <li>Niall mac Murchadha, 1365–1368</li> <li>Brian Mór mac Aodh, 1368–1371</li> <li>Pilib Ruadh mac Briain, 1371–1403</li> <li>Ardghal mac Briain, 1403–February 1416</li> <li>Brian mac Ardghail, 1416–1442</li> <li>Ruaidhri mac Ardghail, 1442–1446</li> <li>Aodh Ruadh mac Ruaidhri, 1446–31 March 1453</li> <li>Feidhlimidh mac Briain, 1453–1466</li> <li>Eochan mac Ruaidhri, 1466–1467</li> <li>Reamonn mac Ruaidhri, 1467–November 1484</li> <li>Aodh Óg mac Aodha Ruaidh, 1485–16 September 1496</li> <li>Brian mac Reamoinn, 1496–1497</li> <li>Rossa mac Maghnusa, 1497–1513</li> <li>Reamonn mac Glaisne, 1513–c.1 April 1521</li> <li>Glaisne Óg mac Reamoinn, 1521–1551?</li> <li>Art Maol mac Reamoinn, 1551–1560</li> <li>Aodh mac Briain, 1560–1562</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Art_Ruadh_mac_Briain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Art Ruadh mac Briain (page does not exist)">Art Ruadh mac Briain</a>, 1562–1578</li> <li>Sir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rossa_Buidhe_mac_Airt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rossa Buidhe mac Airt (page does not exist)">Rossa Buidhe mac Airt</a>, 1579–August 1589</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Roe_McMahon" title="Hugh Roe McMahon">Hugh Roe McMahon</a> (Irish: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aodh_Ruadh_mac_Airt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aodh Ruadh mac Airt (page does not exist)">Aodh Ruadh mac Airt</a></i>), 1589–September/October 1590.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulaid" title="Ulaid">Ulaid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ailech" class="mw-redirect" title="Ailech">Ailech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Foster,_1st_Baron_Oriel" title="John Foster, 1st Baron Oriel">John Foster, 1st Baron Oriel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ulster Irish to English Dictionary</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ConnollyPg12-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConnollyPg12_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Connolly, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg14_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Duffy, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DuffyEncyclopediaPg13-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DuffyEncyclopediaPg13_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Duffy, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-O'Donovan1856-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-O'Donovan1856_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJohn_O'Donovan1856" class="citation book cs1">John O'Donovan (1856). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annalarioghachta03ocleuoft"><i>Annala Rioghachta Éireann: Introductory remarks. Annals, to A.D. 902</i></a>. Hodges, Smith, and Company. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/annalarioghachta03ocleuoft/page/124">124</a>–.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Annala+Rioghachta+%C3%89ireann%3A+Introductory+remarks.+Annals%2C+to+A.D.+902&rft.pages=124-&rft.pub=Hodges%2C+Smith%2C+and+Company&rft.date=1856&rft.au=John+O%27Donovan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fannalarioghachta03ocleuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-O'Cleary2003-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-O'Cleary2003_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_O'Cleary2003" class="citation book cs1">Michael O'Cleary (1 March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6WFO3QOU1c0C&pg=PA3"><i>The Annals of Ireland by the Four Masters Translated into English by Owen Connellan</i></a>. Irish Roots Cafe. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-940134-77-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-940134-77-5"><bdi>978-0-940134-77-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Annals+of+Ireland+by+the+Four+Masters+Translated+into+English+by+Owen+Connellan&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Irish+Roots+Cafe&rft.date=2003-03-01&rft.isbn=978-0-940134-77-5&rft.au=Michael+O%27Cleary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6WFO3QOU1c0C%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcmahonsofmonaghan.org/the_fall_of_the_macmahons.html">"The Fall of the MacMahons and the End of Oriel"</a>. Jim McMahon. 21 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Fall+of+the+MacMahons+and+the+End+of+Oriel&rft.date=2015-07-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcmahonsofmonaghan.org%2Fthe_fall_of_the_macmahons.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cosgrove-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cosgrove_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cosgrove, p. .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Magoo-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Magoo_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Magoo_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.magoo.com/hugh/mughdhorna.html">Magoo</a> - The Mughdorna</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Warner60-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Warner60_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Warner60_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Warner60_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Warner, p. 60.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography_2">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConnolly,_S.J.2007" class="citation book cs1">Connolly, S.J., ed. (2007). <i>Oxford Companion to Irish History</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-923483-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-923483-7"><bdi>978-0-19-923483-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oxford+Companion+to+Irish+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-923483-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCosgrove,_Art2008" class="citation book cs1">Cosgrove, Art, ed. (2008). <i>A New History of Ireland, II Medieval Ireland 1169-1534</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-019-953970-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-019-953970-3"><bdi>978-019-953970-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+New+History+of+Ireland%2C+II+Medieval+Ireland+1169-1534&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-019-953970-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuffy2005" class="citation book cs1">Duffy, Seán (2005). <i>Medieval Ireland an Encyclopedia</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-4159-4052-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-4159-4052-8"><bdi>978-0-4159-4052-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Ireland+an+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-4159-4052-8&rft.aulast=Duffy&rft.aufirst=Se%C3%A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacCaffrey1994" class="citation book cs1">MacCaffrey, Wallace T (1994). <i>Elizabeth I: War and Politics, 1588-1603</i>. Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0691036519" title="Special:BookSources/0691036519"><bdi>0691036519</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elizabeth+I%3A+War+and+Politics%2C+1588-1603&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0691036519&rft.aulast=MacCaffrey&rft.aufirst=Wallace+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan1999" class="citation book cs1">Morgan, Hiram (1999). <i>Tyrone's Rebellion: The Outbreak of the Nine Years War in Tudor Ireland</i>. Boydell & Brewer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0851156835" title="Special:BookSources/0851156835"><bdi>0851156835</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tyrone%27s+Rebellion%3A+The+Outbreak+of+the+Nine+Years+War+in+Tudor+Ireland&rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0851156835&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Hiram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer1994" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, William (1994). <i>The Problem of Ireland in Tudor Foreign Policy, 1485-1603</i>. Boydell & Brewer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0851155626" title="Special:BookSources/0851155626"><bdi>0851155626</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Problem+of+Ireland+in+Tudor+Foreign+Policy%2C+1485-1603&rft.pub=Boydell+%26+Brewer&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0851155626&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1999" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Brendan (1999). "The Ua Cerbaill kingdom of Airgialla". <i>Colonisation and Conquest in Medieval Ireland</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Ua+Cerbaill+kingdom+of+Airgialla&rft.btitle=Colonisation+and+Conquest+in+Medieval+Ireland&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Brendan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarner1973–1974" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Warner, R. (1973–1974). "The Re-Provenancing of Two Important Penannular Brooches of the Viking Period". <i>Ulster Journal of Archaeology</i>. Third Series. 36–37. Ulster Archaeological Society: 58–70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ulster+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=The+Re-Provenancing+of+Two+Important+Penannular+Brooches+of+the+Viking+Period&rft.volume=36-37&rft.pages=58-70&rft.date=1973%2F1974&rft.aulast=Warner&rft.aufirst=R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAirg%C3%ADalla" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>MacMahons of Oriel: Mac Mathghamna, Kings of Oirghialla to 1590</i>, in <i>A New History of Ireland</i>, pp. 215–16, volume IX, ed. Byrne, Martin, Moody. Dublin, 1984.</li> <li><i>The "Airgialla Charter Poem"</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ailbhe_Mac_Shamhrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Ailbhe Mac Shamhrain">Ailbhe Mac Shamhrain</a> and Paul Byrne, in <i>The Kingship and Landscape of Tara</i>, <a href="/wiki/Edel_Bhreathnach" title="Edel Bhreathnach">Edel Bhreathnach</a>, pp. 213–224, <a href="/wiki/Four_Courts_Press" title="Four Courts Press">Four Courts Press</a>, Dublin, 2005.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Airg%C3%ADalla&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forvo.com/word/airg%C3%ADalla_%28old_irish%29/">Pronunciation of Airgíalla</a></li> <li><i> The Kingship and Landscape of Tara,</i> ed. Edel Bhreathnach, 2005; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85182-954-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85182-954-7">1-85182-954-7</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061021083322/http://www.four-courts-press.ie/cgi/bookshow.cgi?file=oirialla.xml">"A Hidden Ulster" by Pádraigín Ní Ullacháin</a>, 2003, Four Courts Press 1-85182-685-8 & 1-85182-738-2.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070312042529/http://www.rte.ie/radio1/songsfromahiddenulster/index.html">"Songs From A Hidden Ulster"</a>, broadcast by RTÉ Radio 1 in 2006, presented by Pádraigín Ní Ullacháin.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=c8M1p3ySwI4C&pg=PA1">Early Modern Ireland</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" 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hÁdhmaill">O'Hamill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCaul" title="McCaul">MacCaul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Southern Uí Néill">Southern<br />Uí Néill</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clann_Cholm%C3%A1in" title="Clann Cholmáin">Clann Cholmáin</a> and<br /> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADl_n%C3%81edo_Sl%C3%A1ine" title="Síl nÁedo Sláine">Síl nÁedo Sláine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/O%27Melaghlin" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Melaghlin">O'Melaghlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molloy" title="Molloy">O'Molloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoghegan" title="Geoghegan">MacGeoghegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Higgins_family" title="O'Higgins family">O'Higgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCary" title="McCary">MacCary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Amhlaoibh_and_Mac_Amhalghaidh_(Irish_septs)" title="Mac Amhlaoibh and Mac Amhalghaidh (Irish septs)">MacAuley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clan Colla</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Cana" title="Mac Cana">MacCann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Cearbhaill" title="Mac Cearbhaill">MacCarroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McMahon_clans" title="McMahon clans">MacMahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maguire_family" title="Maguire family">MacGuire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McManus" title="McManus">MacManus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCaffrey" title="McCaffrey">McCaffrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clan_Macruari" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan Macruari">MacRory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDonnell" class="mw-redirect" title="MacDonnell">MacDonnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulrooney" title="Mulrooney">O'Mulrooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaghan_(surname)" title="Monaghan (surname)">O'Monaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Loughlin" title="O'Loughlin">O'Leighnin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Heany" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Heany">O'Heany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Boylan" title="O'Boylan">O'Boylan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanratty" title="Hanratty">O'Hanratty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93_hAnluain" title="Ó hAnluain">O'Hanlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Rogan" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Rogan">O'Rogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Garvey" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Garvey">O'Garvey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Mh%C3%A1ine" title="Uí Mháine">Uí Mháine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93_Ceallaigh" title="Ó Ceallaigh">O'Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93_Domhnall%C3%A1in" title="Ó Domhnalláin">O'Donnellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Houlihan_(dynasty)" title="O'Houlihan (dynasty)">O'Houlihan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madadhan" title="Madadhan">O'Madden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Downey" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Downey">O'Downey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93_Cl%C3%A9irigh" title="Ó Cléirigh">O'Cleary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_D%C3%ADarmata" title="Uí Díarmata">O'Concannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93_Duibhgeann%C3%A1in" title="Ó Duibhgeannáin">O'Duigenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naughton" title="Naughton">O'Naughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullally" title="Mullally">O'Mullally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Aodhag%C3%A1in" title="Mac Aodhagáin">MacEgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kearney_(surname)" title="Kearney (surname)">O'Kearney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93_Maolconaire" title="Ó Maolconaire">O'Mulconry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93_Cuindlis" title="Ó Cuindlis">Ó Cuindlis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93engus_Tuirmech_Temrach" title="Óengus Tuirmech Temrach">Óengus Tuirmech Temrach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89nna_Aignech" title="Énna Aignech">Énna Aignech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eochu_Feidlech" title="Eochu Feidlech">Eochu Feidlech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eochu_Airem" title="Eochu Airem">Eochu Airem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medb" title="Medb">Medb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Findemna" title="Findemna">Findemna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothru" title="Clothru">Clothru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugaid_Riab_nDerg" title="Lugaid Riab nDerg">Lugaid Riab nDerg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimthann_Nia_N%C3%A1ir" title="Crimthann Nia Náir">Crimthann Nia Náir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feradach_Finnfechtnach" title="Feradach Finnfechtnach">Feradach Finnfechtnach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADachu_Finnolach" title="Fíachu Finnolach">Fíachu Finnolach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BAathal_Techtmar" title="Túathal Techtmar">Túathal Techtmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedlimid_Rechtmar" title="Fedlimid Rechtmar">Fedlimid Rechtmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conn_of_the_Hundred_Battles" title="Conn of the Hundred Battles">Conn of the Hundred Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_mac_Cuinn" title="Art mac Cuinn">Art mac Cuinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cormac_mac_Airt" title="Cormac mac Airt">Cormac mac Airt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A1inne" title="Gráinne">Gráinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairbre_Lifechair" title="Cairbre Lifechair">Cairbre Lifechair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADacha_Sroiptine" title="Fíacha Sroiptine">Fíacha Sroiptine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muiredach_Tirech" title="Muiredach Tirech">Muiredach Tirech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Three_Collas" title="The Three Collas">Colla Uais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eochaid_Mugmedon" title="Eochaid Mugmedon">Eochaid Mugmedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niall_of_the_Nine_Hostages" title="Niall of the Nine Hostages">Niall of the Nine Hostages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba" title="Columba">Columba of Iona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%ADn%C3%A1n_of_Dunkeld" title="Crínán of Dunkeld">Crínán of Dunkeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruaidr%C3%AD_Ua_Conchobair" title="Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair">Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Ua_N%C3%A9ill" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian Ua Néill">Brian Ua Néill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Finn_and_Gr%C3%A1inne" title="Finn and Gráinne">Finn and Gráinne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pursuit_of_Diarmuid_and_Gr%C3%A1inne" title="The Pursuit of Diarmuid and Gráinne">The Pursuit of Diarmuid and Gráinne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_sluagh_sidhe_so_i_nEamhuin%3F" title="An sluagh sidhe so i nEamhuin?">An sluagh sidhe so i nEamhuin?</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rathcroghan" title="Rathcroghan">Rathcroghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_of_Tara" title="Hill of Tara">Hill of Tara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donegal_Castle" title="Donegal Castle">Donegal Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongavlin_Castle" title="Mongavlin Castle">Mongavlin Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullyhogue_Fort" title="Tullyhogue Fort">Tullyhogue Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clonalis_House" title="Clonalis House">Clonalis House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Creadran_Cille" title="Battle of Creadran Cille">Creadran Cille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knockavoe" title="Battle of Knockavoe">Knockavoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Glentaisie" title="Battle of Glentaisie">Glentaisie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kinsale" title="Siege of Kinsale">Kinsale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Norman_invasion_Irish_Celtic_kinship_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups">Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milesians_(Irish)" title="Milesians (Irish)">Milesians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rim%C3%B3n" title="Érimón">Heremonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Cycle" title="Fenian Cycle">Fenian Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Cycle" title="Ulster Cycle">Ulster Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dal_Fiachrach_Suighe" title="Dal Fiachrach Suighe">Dal Fiachrach Suighe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_High_Kings_of_Ireland" title="List of High Kings of Ireland">List of High Kings of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Connacht" title="List of kings of Connacht">Connacht</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Airgíalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh" title="Fermanagh">Fermanagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ailech" class="mw-redirect" title="Ailech">Ailech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%ADr_Eoghain" title="Tír Eoghain">Tír Eoghain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clandeboye" title="Clandeboye">Clandeboye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrconnell" title="Tyrconnell">Tyrconnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Breifne" title="East Breifne">East Breifne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Breifne" title="West Breifne">West Breifne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mide" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Mide">Mide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Uisnech" title="Kings of Uisnech">Uisnech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Brega" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Brega">Brega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connacht_Irish" title="Connacht Irish">Connacht Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Irish" title="Ulster Irish">Ulster Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_nobility_of_Ireland" title="Gaelic nobility of Ireland">Gaelic nobility of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regiment_of_Hibernia" title="Regiment of Hibernia">O'Neill's Regiment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Connachta" title="Category:Connachta">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gaels" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gaels" title="Template:Gaels"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gaels" title="Template talk:Gaels"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gaels" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gaels"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gaels" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Norman_invasion_Irish_Celtic_kinship_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups">Pre-Norman invasion Irish Celtic kinship groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_King_of_Ireland" title="High King of Ireland">High King of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_kingdoms" title="List of Irish kingdoms">Irish kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Alba" title="Kingdom of Alba">Alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War_(Ireland)" title="Nine Years' War (Ireland)">Nine Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statutes_of_Iona" title="Statutes of Iona">Statutes of Iona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_of_Ulster" title="Plantation of Ulster">Plantation of Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1641" title="Irish Rebellion of 1641">1641 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Settlement_of_Ireland_1652" title="Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652">Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745" title="Jacobite rising of 1745">Jacobite rising of 1745</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_laws_(Ireland)" title="Penal laws (Ireland)">Penal Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Hunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Clearances" title="Highland Clearances">Highland Clearances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_revival" title="Gaelic revival">Gaelic Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaeltacht" title="Gaeltacht">Gaeltacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A0idhealtachd" title="Gàidhealtachd">Gàidhealtachd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gaelic culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">Ogham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_law" title="Early Irish law">Brehon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Gaelic mythology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lebor_Gab%C3%A1la_%C3%89renn" title="Lebor Gabála Érenn">Lebor Gabála Érenn</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_warfare" title="Gaelic warfare">Gaelic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_astrology" title="Early Irish astrology">Gaelic astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_kinship" title="Irish kinship">Gaelic kinship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_bardic_poetry" title="Irish bardic poetry">Bardic poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_literature" title="Gaelic literature">Gaelic literature</a> (<a href="/wiki/Early_Irish_literature" title="Early Irish literature">Early Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modern_literature_in_Irish" title="Modern literature in Irish">Modern Irish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic</a> & <a href="/wiki/Manx_literature" title="Manx literature">Manx</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_type" title="Gaelic type">Gaelic type</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insular_script" title="Insular script">Insular script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1inne" title="Fáinne">Fáinne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_folk_music" title="Gaelic folk music">Gaelic folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_singing" title="Sean-nós singing">Sean-nós singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_na_Gaeilge" title="Oireachtas na Gaeilge">Oireachtas na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_National_M%C3%B2d" title="Royal National Mòd">Am Mòd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_games" title="Gaelic games">Gaelic games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_games" title="Highland games">Highland games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BAath" title="Túath">Túath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Christianity" title="Celtic Christianity">Insular Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiberno-Scottish_mission" title="Hiberno-Scottish mission">Gaelic Christian mission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Primitive_Irish" title="Primitive Irish">Primitive Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Irish" title="Old Irish">Old Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_Irish" title="Middle Irish">Middle Irish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Classical_Gaelic" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Gaelic">Classical Gaelic</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_language" title="Manx language">Manx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Scottish Gaelic">Scottish Gaelic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Irish" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irish_clans" title="Irish clans">Irish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_royal_families" title="Irish royal families">Royal families</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Irish_kings" title="Lists of Irish kings">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_medical_families" title="Irish medical families">Medical families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_nobility_of_Ireland" title="Gaelic nobility of Ireland">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_genealogy" title="Irish genealogy">Genealogy</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="List" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_clans" title="List of Irish clans">List</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Connachta" title="Connachta">Connachta</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_N%C3%A9ill" title="Uí Néill">Uí Néill</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clan Colla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">Clan Donald</a>, <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Mh%C3%A1ine" title="Uí Mháine">Uí Mháine</a>, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalcassians" title="Dalcassians">Dalcassians</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9isi" title="Déisi">Déisi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B3ganachta" title="Eóganachta">Eóganachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iverni" title="Iverni">Érainn</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Riata" title="Dál Riata">Dál Riata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corcu_Lo%C3%ADgde" title="Corcu Loígde">Corcu Loígde</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_Fiatach" title="Dál Fiatach">Dál Fiatach</a>, etc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laigin" title="Laigin">Laigin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulaid" title="Ulaid">Ulaid</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1l_nAraidi" title="Dál nAraidi">Dál nAraidi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conmaicne" title="Conmaicne">Conmaicne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/C%C3%ADarraige" title="Cíarraige">Cíarraige</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_clans_in_Ulster" title="List of Irish clans in Ulster">Ulster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_clan" title="Scottish clan">Scottish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Scottish_clans" title="List of Scottish clans">List</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Adar%C3%A1s_na_Gaeltachta" title="Údarás na Gaeltachta">Údarás na Gaeltachta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foras_na_Gaeilge" title="Foras na Gaeilge">Foras na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2rd_na_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Bòrd na Gàidhlig">Bòrd na Gàidhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_Vannin" title="Culture Vannin">Culture Vannin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conradh_na_Gaeilge" title="Conradh na Gaeilge">Conradh na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Comunn_G%C3%A0idhealach" title="An Comunn Gàidhealach">An Comunn Gàidhealach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yn_%C3%87heshaght_Ghailckagh" title="Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh">Yn Çheshaght Ghailckagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seachtain_na_Gaeilge" title="Seachtain na Gaeilge">Seachtain na Gaeilge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gael_Linn" title="Gael Linn">Gael Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ULTACH_Trust" title="ULTACH Trust">ULTACH Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comunn_na_G%C3%A0idhlig" title="Comunn na Gàidhlig">Comunn na Gàidhlig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columba_Project" title="Columba Project">Columba Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clans_of_Ireland" title="Clans of Ireland">Clans of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Coimisin%C3%A9ir_Teanga" title="An Coimisinéir Teanga">An Coimisinéir Teanga</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269" title="Haplogroup R-M269">Haplogroup R-M269</a> (<a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the_British_Isles" title="Genetic history of the British Isles">human genetics</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse%E2%80%93Gaels" title="Norse–Gaels">Norse–Gaels</a> (incl. <a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_%C3%8Dmair" title="Uí Ímair">Uí Ímair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacLeod" title="Clan MacLeod">Clan MacLeod</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Munster" title="Kingdom of Munster">Kingdom of Munster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Isles" title="Kingdom of the Isles">Kingdom of the Isles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelicisation" title="Gaelicisation">Gaelicisation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Gaels" title="Category:Gaels">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kingdom_of_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Template:Kingdom of Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Template talk:Kingdom of Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kingdom of Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kingdom_of_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Kingdom of Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_history" title="Timeline of Irish history">Timeline of Irish history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1536%E2%80%931691)" title="History of Ireland (1536–1691)">History of Ireland (1536–1691)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1691%E2%80%931800)" title="History of Ireland (1691–1800)">History of Ireland (1691–1800)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General<br />and events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Ireland" title="Lordship of Ireland">Lordship of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Tudor conquest of Ireland">Tudor conquest of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_people" title="Anglo-Irish people">New English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrender_and_regrant" title="Surrender and regrant">Surrender and regrant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformation_in_Ireland" title="Reformation in Ireland">Reformation in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Rebellions" title="Desmond Rebellions">Desmond Rebellions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantations_of_Ireland" title="Plantations of Ireland">Plantations of Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plantation_of_Ulster" title="Plantation of Ulster">Ulster</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War_(Ireland)" title="Nine Years' War (Ireland)">Nine Years' War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1641" title="Irish Rebellion of 1641">Irish Rebellion of 1641</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Confederate_Wars" title="Irish Confederate Wars">Irish Confederate Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Wars of the Three Kingdoms">Wars of the Three Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Cromwellian conquest of Ireland">Cromwellian conquest of Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Irish_indentured_servants" title="Irish indentured servants">Barbadosed</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamite_War_in_Ireland" title="Williamite War in Ireland">Williamite–Jacobite War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Wild_Geese" title="Flight of the Wild Geese">Wild Geese</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">Irish Rebellion of 1798</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acts of <br />Parliament</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poynings%27_Law_(on_certification_of_acts)" title="Poynings' Law (on certification of acts)">Poynings' Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Ireland_Act_1542" title="Crown of Ireland Act 1542">Crown of Ireland Act 1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Meath_and_Westmeath_Act_1543" title="Counties of Meath and Westmeath Act 1543">Counties of Meath and Westmeath Act 1543</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settlement_of_Laois_and_Offaly_1556" class="mw-redirect" title="Settlement of Laois and Offaly 1556">Settlement of Laois and Offaly 1556</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Settlement_of_Ireland_1652" title="Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652">Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_Settlement_1662" title="Act of Settlement 1662">Act of Settlement 1662</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_laws_(Ireland)" title="Penal laws (Ireland)">Penal Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popery_Act" title="Popery Act">Popery Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_1782" title="Constitution of 1782">Constitution of 1782</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Acts of Union 1800</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gaelic<br />conquests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomond" title="Thomond">Tuadhmhumhain</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1543)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iveagh" title="Iveagh">Uí Echach</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1543)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo%C3%ADgis" title="Loígis">Loígis</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1543)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clanricarde" title="Clanricarde">Clanricarde</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1544)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_U%C3%AD_Failghe" title="Kingdom of Uí Failghe">Uí Failghe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1550)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_D%C3%ADarmata" title="Uí Díarmata">Uí Díarmata</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1574)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clandeboye" title="Clandeboye">Clann Aodha Buidhe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1574)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Magh_Luirg" title="Kings of Magh Luirg">Magh Luirg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1585)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Airgíalla</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1585)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iar_Connacht" title="Iar Connacht">Iar Connacht</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1589)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umhaill" title="Umhaill">Umhaill</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1593)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Desmond" title="Kingdom of Desmond">Deasmhumhain</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1596)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_William_%C3%8Dochtar" title="Mac William Íochtar">Mac William Íochtar</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1602)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Leinster" title="Kingdom of Leinster">Laigin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1603)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Breifne" title="West Breifne">Bréifne Uí Ruairc</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1605)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbery_(barony)" title="Carbery (barony)">Cairbrigh</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1606)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrconnell" title="Tyrconnell">Tír Chonaill</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1607)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%ADr_Eoghain" title="Tír Eoghain">Tír Eoghain</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1607)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh" title="Fermanagh">Fear Manach</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1607)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Cahan" title="O'Cahan">Uí Catháin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1607)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Breifne" title="East Breifne">Bréifne Uí Raghallaigh</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1607)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C3%AD_Mh%C3%A1ine" title="Uí Mháine">Uí Mháine</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1611)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics<br />and society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dublin_Castle_administration" title="Dublin Castle administration">Dublin Castle administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Ireland" title="Parliament of Ireland">Parliament of Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Irish_House_of_Lords" title="Irish House of Lords">Irish House of Lords</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_House_of_Commons" title="Irish House of Commons">Irish House of Commons</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_Ireland" title="Privy Council of Ireland">Privy Council of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Courts" title="Four Courts">Four Courts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Court_of_King%27s_Bench_(Ireland)" title="Court of King's Bench (Ireland)">King's Bench</a>, <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Exchequer_(Ireland)" title="Court of Exchequer (Ireland)">Exchequer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Chancery_(Ireland)" title="Court of Chancery (Ireland)">Chancery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Common_Pleas_(Ireland)" title="Court of Common Pleas (Ireland)">Common Pleas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Castle_Chamber" title="Court of Castle Chamber">Court of Castle Chamber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_Ireland" title="Peerage of Ireland">Peerage of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Army_(1661%E2%80%931801)" title="Irish Army (1661–1801)">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ireland" title="Church of Ireland">Church of Ireland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Protestant_Ascendancy" title="Protestant Ascendancy">Ascendancy</a> & <a href="/wiki/Recusancy_in_Ireland" title="Recusancy in Ireland">Recusancy</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Lodge_of_Ireland" title="Grand Lodge of Ireland">Grand Lodge of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Trinity College Dublin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_St_Patrick" title="Order of St Patrick">Order of St Patrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whigs_(British_political_party)" title="Whigs (British political party)">Whigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tories_(British_political_party)" title="Tories (British political party)">Tories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Patriot_Party" title="Irish Patriot Party">Irish Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defenders_(Ireland)" title="Defenders (Ireland)">Defenders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Committee_(Ireland)" title="Catholic Committee (Ireland)">Catholic Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Order" title="Orange Order">Orange Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_United_Irishmen" title="Society of United Irishmen">United Irishmen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Ireland" title="Monarchy of Ireland">Monarchs</a><br /> and rulers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1542–1547)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_VI" title="Edward VI">Edward VI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1547–1553)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Jane_Grey" title="Lady Jane Grey">Lady Jane Grey</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1553; disputed)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Mary I</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1553–1558)</span> & <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip</a> <span style="font-size:85%;"><i><a href="/wiki/Jure_uxoris" title="Jure uxoris">jure uxoris</a></i> (1554–1558)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth I</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1558–1603)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James I</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1603–1625)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Charles I</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1625–1649)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England">Commonwealth</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1649–1653)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1653–1658)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1658–1659)</span></li> <li><i>Commonwealth</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1659–1660)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1660–1685)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_II_of_England" title="James II of England">James II</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1685–1691)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_III_of_England" title="William III of England">William III</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1689–1702)</span> & <a href="/wiki/Mary_II_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary II of England">Mary II</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1689–1694)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain" title="Anne, Queen of Great Britain">Anne</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1702–1714)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_I_of_Great_Britain" title="George I of Great Britain">George I</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1714–1727)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Great_Britain" title="George II of Great Britain">George II</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1727–1760)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1760–1800)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" 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