CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head > <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development</title> <meta name="description" content="The rapid development of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccine has protected countless human lives. It couldn’t have happened without DNA purification. See how." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The rapid development of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccine has protected countless human lives. It couldn’t have happened without DNA purification. See how." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Life in the Lab" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/thermofisher" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2021-12-22T03:26:16+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2022-01-20T21:31:58+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/col017423-blog-5.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="672" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="378" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="Life in the Lab Staff" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@thermofisher" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@thermofisher" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Life in the Lab Staff" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="7 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/","name":"DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/col017423-blog-5.jpg","datePublished":"2021-12-22T03:26:16+00:00","dateModified":"2022-01-20T21:31:58+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/#/schema/person/94e6af6a12acc2bfb329e78f34c584db"},"description":"The rapid development of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA vaccine has protected countless human lives. It couldn’t have happened without DNA purification. See how.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/col017423-blog-5.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/col017423-blog-5.jpg","width":672,"height":378},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/#website","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/","name":"Life in the Lab","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/#/schema/person/94e6af6a12acc2bfb329e78f34c584db","name":"Life in the Lab Staff","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/43a061f81741018f4447183dcd1fc330?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/43a061f81741018f4447183dcd1fc330?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Life in the Lab Staff"},"url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/lifeinthelabstaff/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.thermofisher.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Life in the Lab » Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Life in the Lab » Comments Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Life in the Lab » DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development Comments Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/feed/" />  <script src="https://cdn.optimizely.com/js/8156647427.js"></script>  <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:373708,hjsv:5}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'//static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script>  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-SGE8PSVJVV" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.2.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-SGE8PSVJVV', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-SGE8PSVJVV', {"use_amp_client_id":"true","forceSSL":"true","author":"Life in the Lab Staff","category":"water-analysis","published_at":"2021-12-22T03:26:16+00:00","tags":"untagged"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack_related-posts-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/related-posts/related-posts.css?ver=20240116' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='accelerating-science-blogs-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/style.css?ver=1.2.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashsb-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/mashsharer/assets/css/mashsb.min.css?ver=4.0.47' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='mashsb-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> .mashsb-count {color:#555759;}[class^="mashicon-"] .text, [class*=" mashicon-"] .text{ text-indent: -9999px !important; line-height: 0px; display: block; } [class^="mashicon-"] .text:after, [class*=" mashicon-"] .text:after { content: "" !important; text-indent: 0; font-size:13px; display: block !important; } [class^="mashicon-"], [class*=" mashicon-"] { width:25%; text-align: center !important; } [class^="mashicon-"] .icon:before, [class*=" mashicon-"] .icon:before { float:none; margin-right: 0; } .mashsb-buttons a{ margin-right: 3px; margin-bottom:3px; min-width: 0; width: 41px; } .onoffswitch, .onoffswitch-inner:before, .onoffswitch-inner:after .onoffswitch2, .onoffswitch2-inner:before, .onoffswitch2-inner:after { margin-right: 0px; width: 41px; line-height: 41px; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashnet-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-networks/assets/css/mashnet.min.css?ver=2.5.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashsas-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-select-and-share/assets/css/mashsas.min.css?ver=1.0.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_reset_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formreset.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_formsmain_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formsmain.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_ready_class_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/readyclass.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_browsers_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/browsers.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='globals-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/global-style.css?ver=1.2.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/all.css?ver=2.0.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/v4-shims.css?ver=2.0.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-inline-css' type='text/css'> @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); unicode-range: U+F004-F005,U+F007,U+F017,U+F022,U+F024,U+F02E,U+F03E,U+F044,U+F057-F059,U+F06E,U+F070,U+F075,U+F07B-F07C,U+F080,U+F086,U+F089,U+F094,U+F09D,U+F0A0,U+F0A4-F0A7,U+F0C5,U+F0C7-F0C8,U+F0E0,U+F0EB,U+F0F3,U+F0F8,U+F0FE,U+F111,U+F118-F11A,U+F11C,U+F133,U+F144,U+F146,U+F14A,U+F14D-F14E,U+F150-F152,U+F15B-F15C,U+F164-F165,U+F185-F186,U+F191-F192,U+F1AD,U+F1C1-F1C9,U+F1CD,U+F1D8,U+F1E3,U+F1EA,U+F1F6,U+F1F9,U+F20A,U+F247-F249,U+F24D,U+F254-F25B,U+F25D,U+F267,U+F271-F274,U+F279,U+F28B,U+F28D,U+F2B5-F2B6,U+F2B9,U+F2BB,U+F2BD,U+F2C1-F2C2,U+F2D0,U+F2D2,U+F2DC,U+F2ED,U+F328,U+F358-F35B,U+F3A5,U+F3D1,U+F410,U+F4AD; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='boxzilla-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/boxzilla/assets/css/styles.css?ver=3.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack_related-posts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var related_posts_js_options = {"post_heading":"h4"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/related-posts/related-posts.min.js?ver=20240116" id="jetpack_related-posts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-premium/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.2.0" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-SGE8PSVJVV"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashsb-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashsb = {"shares":"0","round_shares":"1","animate_shares":"0","dynamic_buttons":"0","share_url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/life-in-the-lab\/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development\/","title":"DNA+Purification+%26+SARS-CoV-2+RNA+Vaccine+Development","image":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/12\/col017423-blog-5.jpg","desc":"Behind the SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccines:\u00a0High-Quality DNA Purification\u00a0at All Scales\r\nThe ability to vaccinate people against disease represented a massive sea change in how we conceptualize medicine. Instead of simply treating symptoms after a sickness has taken \u2026","hashtag":"thermofisher","subscribe":"content","subscribe_url":"","activestatus":"1","singular":"1","twitter_popup":"1","refresh":"1","nonce":"e79464e1f0","postid":"1372","servertime":"1732690632","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/mashsharer/assets/js/mashsb.min.js?ver=4.0.47" id="mashsb-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-google-analytics/assets/js/mashga.min.js?ver=1.0.9" id="mashga-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashnet-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashnet = {"body":"Check out this article I just read:","subject":"Check out this article from Accelerating Science","pinterest_select":"0","pinterest_image":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/12\/col017423-blog-5.jpg","pinterest_desc":"Behind the SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccines:\u00a0High-Quality DNA Purification\u00a0at All Scales\r\nThe ability to vaccinate people against disease represented a massive sea change in how we conceptualize medicine. Instead of simply treating symptoms after a sickness has taken \u2026"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-networks/assets/js/mashnet.min.js?ver=2.5.3" id="mashnet-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.4" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/backbone.min.js?ver=1.5.0" id="backbone-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var WP_API_Settings = {"root":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab","nonce":"29e0fbf17e"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/wp-search-live/public/assets/js/util--wp-api.js?ver=0.9" id="wp-api-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashsas-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashsas = {"minchars":"10","appid":"1603510369972799","facebook":"1","twitter":"1","mail":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-select-and-share/assets/js/mashsas.min.js?ver=1.0.5" id="mashsas-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/jquery.json.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_json-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gform_i18n = {"datepicker":{"days":{"monday":"Mo","tuesday":"Tu","wednesday":"We","thursday":"Th","friday":"Fr","saturday":"Sa","sunday":"Su"},"months":{"january":"January","february":"February","march":"March","april":"April","may":"May","june":"June","july":"July","august":"August","september":"September","october":"October","november":"November","december":"December"},"firstDay":1,"iconText":"Select date"}}; var gf_legacy_multi = {"1":"1","":"1"}; var gform_gravityforms = {"strings":{"invalid_file_extension":"This type of file is not allowed. Must be one of the following:","delete_file":"Delete this file","in_progress":"in progress","file_exceeds_limit":"File exceeds size limit","illegal_extension":"This type of file is not allowed.","max_reached":"Maximum number of files reached","unknown_error":"There was a problem while saving the file on the server","currently_uploading":"Please wait for the uploading to complete","cancel":"Cancel","cancel_upload":"Cancel this upload","cancelled":"Cancelled"},"vars":{"images_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/gravityforms.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_gravityforms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/chosen.jquery.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_chosen-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/utils.min.js?ver=50c7bea9c2320e16728e44ae9fde5f26" id="gform_gravityforms_utils-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/js/single-scripts.js?ver=1.2.9.3" id="single-scripts-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/1372" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/?p=1372' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Flife-in-the-lab%2Fdna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Flife-in-the-lab%2Fdna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development%2F&format=xml" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="258357757657262" />  <link rel="icon" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/images/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/xmlrpc.php" />  <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version=\\\'2.0\\\';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,\\\'script\\\',\\\'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js\\\'); fbq(\\\'init\\\', \\\'305572349637096\\\'); fbq(\\\'track\\\', \\\"PageView\\\");</script> <noscript><img height=\\\"1\\\" width=\\\"1\\\" style=\\\"display:none\\\" src=\\\"https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=305572349637096&ev=PageView&noscript=1\\\" /></noscript>  <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BlogPosting","mainEntityofPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/life-in-the-lab\/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development\/"},"headline":"DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development","datePublished":"12\/22\/2021","dateModified":"12\/22\/2021","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific","URL":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/us\/en\/home.html","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/content\/dam\/LifeTech\/Images\/Header\/logo-color.png"}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/12\/col017423-blog-5.jpg","width":672,"height":378},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Life in the Lab Staff"}} </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/etc/designs/lifetech/clientlibs/digitaldata.js" defer="defer"></script> <script id="tagmanager" type="text/javascript" src='https://assets.adobedtm.com/launch-ENeecb77f1160a4928a492ff040f7110c7.min.js' defer="defer"></script> <script> (function($) { $(document).ready(function() { digitalData.setPageType('blog'); }) })(jQuery); </script> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-1372 single-format-standard header-image full-width-content genesis-breadcrumbs-visible"><div class="site-container"><header class="site-header"><div class="wrap"><div class="title-area"><p class="site-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/" title="Thermo Fisher Scientific">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a></p></div><div class="widget-area header-widget-area"><section id="nav_menu-2" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="widget-wrap"><nav class="nav-header"><ul id="menu-main-menu" class="menu genesis-nav-menu"><li id="menu-item-5" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5"><a><span >Categories</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/"><span >Advancing Materials</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-6"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/mining/"><span >Advancing Mining</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1972" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1972"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/analyteguru/"><span >AnalyteGuru</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/metals/"><span >Analyzing Metals</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-508" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-508"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/ask-a-scientist/"><span >Ask a Scientist</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-12" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/behindthebench/"><span >Behind the Bench</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1916" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1916"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/biotechnology/"><span >Biotech at Scale</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1500" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1500"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/clinical-conversations/"><span >Clinical Conversations</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-8" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/"><span >Examining Food</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-106" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-106"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/"><span >Identifying Threats</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1513" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1513"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/semiconductors/"><span >Illuminating Semiconductors</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1514" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1514"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/atomic-resolution/"><span >Life in Atomic Resolution</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-102" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-102"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/"><span >Life in the Lab</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-1501" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1501"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/oempowered/"><span >OEMpowered</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-471" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-471"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/connectedlab/"><span >The Connected Lab</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-13" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/about-us/"><span >About Us</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-14" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/contact-us/?site=life-in-the-lab"><span >Contact</span></a></li> </ul></nav></div></section> </div><div class="breadcrumb"><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/?">Accelerating Science</a></span><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Life in the Lab</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/water-analysis/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Water Analysis</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-current-title">DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development</span></div></div></header><div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-1372 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-water-analysis entry" aria-label="DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">DNA Purification & SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccine Development</h1> <span class="post-info-author"> By <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/lifeinthelabstaff/" title="Posts by Life in the Lab Staff" rel="author">Life in the Lab Staff</a> </span> <span class="post-info-date"> 12.22.2021 </span> </header><div class="entry-content"><p><img decoding="async" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/col017423-blog-5.jpg" /></p> <h1>Behind the SARS-CoV-2 RNA Vaccines: High-Quality DNA Purification<span style="color: #99cc00"> </span>at All Scales</h1> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">The ability to vaccinate people against disease represented a massive sea change in how we conceptualize medicine. Instead of simply treating symptoms after a sickness has taken hold, we can prime the body’s immune system to suppress the invading pathogen before it’s too late. Heading off infections before they strike has been instrumental in the <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/fully-vaccinated-people.htmlhttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">American response</a> to the COVID-19 pandemic, and scientists have built off of centuries of work to deliver a safe and effective vaccine in record time.<sup>1</sup><br /> </span></p> <h2>The Earliest Days of Immunization</h2> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">Humans have recognized the core principle of vaccination – that exposure to a pathogen results in some level of immunity – for well over 2,000 years, even if we didn’t quite understand how or why. By 430 B.C., people realized that those who had survived smallpox were <a href="null" target="_blank" rel="noopener">immune to future infections</a> and able to safely care for other smallpox patients.<sup>2</sup> The Chinese first documented success with vaccination in the 15th Century, with a method that involved blowing the pulverized dust of dried smallpox scabs <a href="https://time.com/5835668/vaccine-history/http://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">up the noses</a> of healthy people.<sup>3</sup><br /> </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">A few centuries later and a couple of continents away, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu and Charles Maitland famously brought the practice of smallpox <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1457746/http://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">inoculation to England</a> – though there’s evidence it had been utilized in Wales some decades earlier.<sup>4</sup> Dr. Edward Jenner, an English country doctor, took the process one step further by vaccinating healthy people against smallpox with <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1200696/http://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">less-virulent cowpox</a>.<sup>2,5</sup><br /> </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">Nearly one hundred years later, <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d42859-020-00008-5http://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Louis Pasteur</a>, used a dead culture of Pasteurella multocida (the pathogen responsible for chicken cholera) to innoculate healthy chickens, which developed mild symptoms, yet fully recovered. Amazingly, those chickens showed no signs of disease when injected with fresh P. multocida cultures.<sup>6</sup> Pasteur went on to perform similar experiments (often publicly), with “attenuated” anthrax and rabies pathogens, which conferred protection to healthy subjects.<sup>7 </sup></span></p> <h2>A 20th Century Vaccine Boom</h2> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">Vaccine research has made stunning progress through the 20th and 21st centuries. The first influenza vaccine was <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/pandemic-timeline-1930-and-beyond.htmhttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">approved in 1945</a> and (with military leaders desperate to avoid the devastation of the <a href="http://https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-commemoration/pandemic-timeline-1918.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">1918 wartime pandemic</a>) produced for the US military.<sup>8,9</sup> In 1952, <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jonas-Salk#ref201334http://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Jonas Salk</a> developed an incredibly successful polio vaccine using attenuated poliovirus, followed by Albert Sabin’s live-attenuated poliovirus vaccine in the 1960s.<sup>10</sup> By 1975, a new smallpox vaccine (using the vaccinia virus, not the nostril-born scab dust), helped eliminate the last <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/history/history.htmlhttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">naturally acquired smallpox</a> case in Bangladesh.<sup>11</sup></span></p> <h2>21st Century Vaccine Research and Development in an Outbreak Paradigm</h2> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">Since the days of Jenner and Pasteur – and certainly since the days of huffing pulverized scabs – our ability to rapidly develop and produce safe, effective vaccines has been expedited by several technological advances. Chief among these is our ability to extract, purify, and replicate high-quality <a href="https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/what-are-nucleic-acid-vaccines-and-how-could-they-be-used-against-covid-19http://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">nucleic acids</a>.<sup>12</sup> This ability is critical because it speeds up the development process in multiple phases. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">A traditional vaccine development cycle takes about <a href="https://wellcome.org/news/quick-safe-covid-vaccine-developmenthttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ten years</a> (at least), from target identification to pre-clinical and then phase I, II, and III clinical trials, followed by large-scale manufacturing<sup>.13</sup> In an <a href="http://https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2005630" target="_blank" rel="noopener">outbreak paradigm</a>, such as was utilized to develop the COVID-19 vaccines within a year of discovering the virus, this process was shortened.<sup>14</sup> And not by cutting testing or regulatory corners, but by overlapping multiple phases simultaneously. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">Typically, a company wouldn’t scale up manufacturing before establishing clinical proof-of- concept, but that’s exactly what companies like Pfizer and Moderna did. Such an immense financial risk would not even be possible to consider without the ability to extract, isolate, and replicate vast quantities of nucleic acids. The DNA needed to study the virus and potential <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41577-020-00480-0http://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">vaccine targets</a>, as well as the mRNA which ended up in the final vaccines all needed to be produced at high purity and an incredible scale.<sup>15</sup></span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt"><img decoding="async" style="float: right" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/em5073920-col23955-endotoxin-free-plasmid.jpg" width="380" height="304" /></span></p> <h2>RNA and DNA Purification Kits for Vaccine Development and More</h2> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">Thankfully, few labs face the pressures and demands of developing, testing, and manufacturing life-saving vaccines in the middle of a pandemic. But regardless of the timeline, high-quality nucleic acids are often necessary for some vaccine development and many therapeutics, whether it be for <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adhm.202001046?casa_token=bWnbs-hFi38AAAAA%3Ad3cuDYuc1eBMVc4fqY_6UqH6KeEIUTqKj5kiyrJj58cKF1Ly_5ogpdqpbmK2B3FCI22tXvew1eXLlghttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gene therapies</a>, novel <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169409X14000106?casa_token=jI96IyUNd6YAAAAA:-qTN6XFPB3WpKeSzWsskvG_17x_Zkdi6z0mivIs-vpVpvvH8mbOai12B_3bEZYHbi8SJGw3uhttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">cardiovascular disease</a> models, or the next global pandemic.<sup>16,17</sup> For all of these needs and more, Thermo Fisher Scientific has products to streamline the workflow from sample preparation through production. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">For example, the <a href="http://https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/dna-rna-purification-analysis/automated-purification-extraction/automated-magmax-kits-nucleic-acid-extraction.html?s_kwcid=AL!3652!3!461555893390!b!!g!!%2Bmagmax&ef_id=Cj0KCQjw3f6HBhDHARIsAD_i3D__697TBjyxbF7fc69Os24BDCTFbR4lr-c4LnGpuUAS6EuxrzMx930aAvvmEALw_wcB:G:s&s_kwcid=AL!3652!3!461555893390!b!!g!!%2Bmagmax&cid=bid_sap_aut_r02_co_cp1362_pjt2156_bid00000_0se_gaw_bt_pur_con&gclid=Cj0KCQjw3f6HBhDHARIsAD_i3D__697TBjyxbF7fc69Os24BDCTFbR4lr-c4LnGpuUAS6EuxrzMx930aAvvmEALw_wcB" target="_blank" rel="noopener">MagMAX™</a> bead-based system allows for semi-automated extraction of nucleic acids for a variety of downstream applications, from PCR for wastewater surveillance to the isolation of mRNA vaccine candidates. With the <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/dna-rna-purification-analysis/automated-purification-extraction/kingfisher-systems.html?s_kwcid=AL!3652!3!461772322498!e!!g!!kingfisher%20thermo&ef_id=Cj0KCQjw3f6HBhDHARIsAD_i3D8I6M4es2z4CLomp0LqU7R2Gp7HB7bK11o-FWXIZlzpw5osFHlVCr8aAhUPEALw_wcB:G:s&s_kwcid=AL!3652!3!461772322498!e!!g!!kingfisher%20thermo&cid=bid_sap_aut_r02_co_cp1362_pjt2156_bid00000_0se_gaw_bt_pur_con&gclid=Cj0KCQjw3f6HBhDHARIsAD_i3D8I6M4es2z4CLomp0LqU7R2Gp7HB7bK11o-FWXIZlzpw5osFHlVCr8aAhUPEALw_wcBhttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">KingFisher™</a> platform, these easy-to- execute extractions can be done in as little as 25 minutes without sacrificing quality. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">For the highest-purity plasmid DNA purifications – in-vivo gene therapies and vaccines, primary and stem cell transfection, and more – the <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/dna-rna-purification-analysis/plasmid-isolation/endotoxin-free-plasmid-dna-isolation-kits.html?s_kwcid=AL!3652!10!77034674444655!77034728679990&ef_id=45ed37320fa510a7d9cc561717e0e53c:G:s&s_kwcid=AL!3652!10!77034674444655!77034728679990&cid=bid_sap_nap_r02_co_cp1362_pjt0000_bid00000_0se_bng_bt_pur_con&msclkid=45ed37320fa510a7d9cc561717e0e53chttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">PureLinkTM Expi Entodoxin-free Plasmid DNA kit </a>provides the highest yields in half the time of competitors, with equivalent endotoxin levels. By using a vacuum manifold instead of gravity columns to isolate plasmid DNA, PureLink Expi can meet the highest demands of modern vaccine and biotechnology development. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">Vaccine science has brought us far from dried scabs. Modern scientists use the most advanced tools available to efficiently extract, isolate, and replicate high-purity nucleic acids for large-scale testing, therapeutics, and vaccine development. The monumental achievement of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development highlights the incredible power and potential within every DNA Purification and Thermo Fisher Scientific has the tools and expertise to help labs of all sizes unleash that potential to solve the next great challenge in modern medicine. </span></p> <p><span style="font-size: 12pt">To learn more about how we can help every stage of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine research and development, <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/clinical/public-health/coronavirus-sars-cov-2-research-solutions/vaccine-development.htmlhttp://" target="_blank" rel="noopener">browse our solutions</a>.</span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><em><span style="font-size: 12pt">This article is for Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. </span></em></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References </strong></p> <ol> <li>Science Brief: COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/fully-vaccinated- people.html. Published July 27, 2021. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>Riedel S. Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2005;18(1):21-25.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <ol start="3"> <li>The History of Vaccines, From Smallpox to COVID-19 | Time. Available at: https://time.com/5835668/vaccine-history/. Published May 15, 2020. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>Huth E. Quantitative evidence for judgments on the efficacy of inoculation for the prevention of smallpox: England and New England in the 1700s. J R Soc Med. 2006;99(5):262-266.</li> <li>Boylston A. The origins of vaccination: myths and reality. J R Soc Med. 2013;106(9):351- 354.</li> <li>The first live attenuated vaccines. Nature website: https://www.nature.com/articles/d42859-020-00008-5. Published September 28, 2020. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>Louis Pasteur and the Development of the Attenuated Vaccine. VBI Vaccines website: https://www.vbivaccines.com/evlp-platform/louis-pasteur-attenuated-vaccine/. Published November 23, 2016. Accessed: 27th July 2021</li> <li>Influenza Historic Timeline. CDC website: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic- resources/pandemic-timeline-1930-and-beyond.htm. Published January 30, 2019. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>1918 Pandemic Influenza Historic Timeline. CDC website: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-commemoration/pandemic-timeline- 1918.htm. Published March 20, 2018. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>Jonas Salk. Britannica website: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jonas- Salk#ref201334. Published June 19, 2021. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>History of Smallpox. CDC website: https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/history/history.html. Published February 20, 2021. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>What are nucleic acid vaccines and how could they be used against COVID-19? Gavi website: https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/what-are-nucleic-acid-vaccines-and-how- could-they-be-used-against-covid-19. Published December 23, 2020. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>How have Covid-19 vaccines been made quickly and safely? Wellcome website: https://wellcome.org/news/quick-safe-covid-vaccine-development. Published January 20, 2021. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> <li>Lurie N, Saville M, Hatchett R, Halton J. Developing Covid-19 Vaccines at Pandemic Speed. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(21):1969-1973.</li> <li>Dai L, Gao GF. Viral targets for vaccines against COVID-19. Nat Rev Immunol. 2021;21(2):73-82.</li> <li>Wu X, Wu T, Liu J, Ding B. Gene Therapy Based on Nucleic Acid Nanostructure. Adv Healthc Mater. 2020;9(19):e2001046.</li> <li>Rychak JJ, Klibanov AL. Nucleic acid delivery with microbubbles and ultrasound. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014;72:82-93.</li> <li>Vlassov S, Chapman L, Pedersen KW, and McKenna M. Innovations in Vaccine Research and Development [webinar]. June 8, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=XRBPseQVC4o. Accessed July 27, 2021.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p> </p> <aside class="mashsb-container mashsb-main "><div class="mashsb_above_buttons">Share this article </div><div class="mashsb-box"><div class="mashsb-buttons"><a class="mashicon-facebook mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Flife-in-the-lab%2Fdna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Facebook</span></a><a class="mashicon-twitter mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=DNA%20Purification%20%26%20SARS-CoV-2%20RNA%20Vaccine%20Development&url=https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/?p=1372&via=thermofisher" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Twitter</span></a><a class="mashicon-pinterest mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="#" data-mashsb-url="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Flife-in-the-lab%2Fdna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development%2F&media=https%3A%2F%2Fadmin.acceleratingscience.com%2Flife-in-the-lab%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F10%2F2021%2F12%2Fcol017423-blog-5.jpg&description=Behind+the+SARS-CoV-2+RNA+Vaccines%3A%C2%A0High-Quality+DNA+Purification%C2%A0at+All+Scales++The+ability+to+vaccinate+people+against+disease+represented+a+massive+sea+change+in+how+we+conceptualize+medicine.+Instead+of+simply+treating+symptoms+after+a+sickness+has+taken" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Pinterest</span></a><a class="mashicon-tumblr mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.tumblr.com/share?v=3&u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Flife-in-the-lab%2Fdna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development%2F&t=DNA+Purification+%26+SARS-CoV-2+RNA+Vaccine+Development" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Tumblr</span></a><div class="onoffswitch2 mash-large mashsb-noshadow" style="display:none"></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both"></div><div class="mashsb-toggle-container"></div></aside>  <div class="jp-relatedposts"> <div class="related-post related-1"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/unleashing-the-power-of-recombinant-dna-technology-gene-cloning-expression-and-engineering/"><img width="310" height="274" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/Geneart-banner-1600x350-1-310x274.jpg" class="attachment-grid size-grid wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" /></a> <span class="grid-content"> <h4 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/unleashing-the-power-of-recombinant-dna-technology-gene-cloning-expression-and-engineering/">Unleashing the Power of Recombinant DNA Technology: Gene Cloning, Expression and Engineering</a></h4> <p>Genetic research and human health industries largely rely on... </p> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/unleashing-the-power-of-recombinant-dna-technology-gene-cloning-expression-and-engineering/" class="read-more">Read More <i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-right"></i></a> </span> </div> <div class="related-post related-2"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/addressing-the-plasmid-production-bottleneck-automated-maxi-scale-purification/"><img width="310" height="274" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/image-2-310x274.jpg" class="attachment-grid size-grid wp-post-image" alt="PlasmidPro" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <span class="grid-content"> <h4 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/addressing-the-plasmid-production-bottleneck-automated-maxi-scale-purification/">Addressing the Plasmid Production Bottleneck: Automated Maxi-Scale Purification</a></h4> <p>How automated plasmid production can help viral vectors real... </p> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/addressing-the-plasmid-production-bottleneck-automated-maxi-scale-purification/" class="read-more">Read More <i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-right"></i></a> </span> </div> <div class="related-post related-3"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/addressing-the-plasmid-production-bottleneck-isothermal-amplification-in-ivt/"><img width="310" height="274" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/shutterstock_2212960055-310x274.jpg" class="attachment-grid size-grid wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <span class="grid-content"> <h4 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/addressing-the-plasmid-production-bottleneck-isothermal-amplification-in-ivt/">Addressing the Plasmid Production Bottleneck: Isothermal Amplification in IVT </a></h4> <p>Can we ditch the plasmids? Template-free preparation is gain... </p> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/addressing-the-plasmid-production-bottleneck-isothermal-amplification-in-ivt/" class="read-more">Read More <i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-right"></i></a> </span> </div> <div class="related-post related-4"> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/plasmid-preparation-sizes-applications-in-scientific-research/"><img width="310" height="274" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/PlasmidPro-Concept-background-310x274.png" class="attachment-grid size-grid wp-post-image" alt="Plasmid preparation size concept" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <span class="grid-content"> <h4 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/plasmid-preparation-sizes-applications-in-scientific-research/">Plasmid Kit Sizes: Applications in Scientific Research</a></h4> <p>Plasmid DNA Plasmid DNA plays a pivotal role in scientific r... </p> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/plasmid-preparation-sizes-applications-in-scientific-research/" class="read-more">Read More <i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-right"></i></a> </span> </div> </div></div></article> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply <small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel reply</a></small></h3><form action="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form" novalidate><p class="comment-notes"><span id="email-notes">Your email address will not be published.</span> <span class="required-field-message">Required fields are marked <span class="required">*</span></span></p><p class="comment-form-comment"><label for="comment">Comment <span class="required">*</span></label> <textarea id="comment" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="65525" required></textarea></p><p class="comment-form-author"><label for="author">Name <span class="required">*</span></label> <input id="author" name="author" type="text" value="" size="30" maxlength="245" autocomplete="name" required /></p> <p class="comment-form-email"><label for="email">Email <span class="required">*</span></label> <input id="email" name="email" type="email" value="" size="30" maxlength="100" aria-describedby="email-notes" autocomplete="email" required /></p> <p class="comment-form-url"><label for="url">Website</label> <input id="url" name="url" type="url" value="" size="30" maxlength="200" autocomplete="url" /></p> <p class="form-submit"><input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit" class="submit" value="Post Comment" /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='1372' id='comment_post_ID' /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' /> </p><p style="display: none;"><input type="hidden" id="akismet_comment_nonce" name="akismet_comment_nonce" value="114557e1a9" /></p><p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_2" name="ak_js" value="18"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <div class="adjacent-entry-pagination pagination"><div class="pagination-previous alignleft"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-left"></i> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/how-to-determine-if-blood-bank-refrigerators-and-freezers-are-compliant-with-aabb-standards/" rel="prev">How to Determine If Blood Bank Refrigerators and Freezers Are Compliant with AABB Standards</a></div><div class="pagination-next alignright"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/time-to-spring-clean-your-biobank/" rel="next">Time to ‘spring clean’ your biobank?</a> <i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-right"></i></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="site-footer"><div class="wrap"><div class="creds"><p class="footer-links"><a href="https://corporate.thermofisher.com/en/footer/privacy-statement.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Privacy Statement</a><a href="https://corporate.thermofisher.com/en/footer/terms-and-conditions.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Terms & Conditions</a><a href="/blog/locations/">Locations</a><a href="/blog/sitemap/">Sitemap</a></p><p>© 2024 <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a>. All Rights Reserved.</p></div><span class="social-links"><p>Talk to us</p><a href="https://www.facebook.com/thermofisher" class="facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-facebook"></i></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/thermo-fisher-scientific" class="linkedin" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-linkedin"></i></a><a href="https://twitter.com/thermofisher" class="twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-twitter"></i></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/thermofisher" class="youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-youtube"></i></a></span></div></footer></div><div style="display: none;"><div id="boxzilla-box-16-content"><p><h4>Get news and research reviews on the topic of your choice, right in your inbox.</h4> </p> <p><a id="subscribe" class="button" href="#">Subscribe Now</a></p> <div id="subscribe-form"> <div class='gf_browser_ie gf_browser_ie7 gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='1' id='gform_wrapper_1' ><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' id='gform_1' action='/blog/life-in-the-lab/dna-purification-sars-cov-2-rna-vaccine-development/' formid='1'> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><ul id='gform_fields_1' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_above description_below validation_below'><li id="field_1_4" class="gfield gfield--type-text first-name field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_4" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_4'>First Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_1_4' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='First Name' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_5" class="gfield gfield--type-text last-name field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_5" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_5'>Last Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_1_5' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='Last Name' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_2" class="gfield gfield--type-email email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_2" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_2'>Email<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_2' id='input_1_2' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_6" class="gfield gfield--type-text company field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_6'>Company</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_6' id='input_1_6' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='Company' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_7" class="gfield gfield--type-select country gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_7" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_7'>Select your country/region<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_7' id='input_1_7' class='large gfield_select' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Select your country/region</option><option value='United States' >United States</option><option value='Canada' >Canada</option><option value='Afghanistan' >Afghanistan</option><option value='Albania' >Albania</option><option value='Algeria' >Algeria</option><option value='American Samoa' >American Samoa</option><option value='Andorra' >Andorra</option><option value='Angola' >Angola</option><option value='Anguilla' >Anguilla</option><option value='Antarctica' >Antarctica</option><option value='Antigua and Barbuda' >Antigua and Barbuda</option><option value='Argentina' >Argentina</option><option value='Armenia' >Armenia</option><option value='Aruba' >Aruba</option><option value='Australia' >Australia</option><option value='Austria' >Austria</option><option value='Azerbaijan' >Azerbaijan</option><option value='Bahamas' >Bahamas</option><option value='Bahrain' >Bahrain</option><option value='Bangladesh' >Bangladesh</option><option value='Barbados' >Barbados</option><option value='Belarus' >Belarus</option><option value='Belgium' >Belgium</option><option value='Belize' >Belize</option><option value='Benin' >Benin</option><option value='Bermuda' >Bermuda</option><option value='Bhutan' >Bhutan</option><option value='Bolivia' >Bolivia</option><option value='Bosnia and Herzegovina' >Bosnia and Herzegovina</option><option value='Botswana' >Botswana</option><option value='Bouvet Island' >Bouvet Island</option><option value='Brazil' >Brazil</option><option value='British Indian Ocean Territory' >British Indian Ocean Territory</option><option value='Brunei Darussalam' >Brunei Darussalam</option><option value='Bulgaria' >Bulgaria</option><option value='Burkina Faso' >Burkina Faso</option><option value='Burundi' >Burundi</option><option value='Cambodia' >Cambodia</option><option value='Cameroon' >Cameroon</option><option value='Cape Verde' >Cape Verde</option><option value='Cayman Islands' >Cayman Islands</option><option value='Central African Republic' >Central African Republic</option><option value='Chad' >Chad</option><option value='Chile' >Chile</option><option value='China' >China</option><option value='Christmas Island' >Christmas Island</option><option value='Cocos (Keeling) Islands' >Cocos (Keeling) Islands</option><option value='Colombia' >Colombia</option><option value='Comoros' >Comoros</option><option value='Congo' >Congo</option><option value='Congo, The Democratic Republic of' >Congo, The Democratic Republic of</option><option value='Cook Islands' >Cook Islands</option><option value='Costa Rica' >Costa Rica</option><option value='Cote D'Ivoire' >Cote D'Ivoire</option><option value='Croatia' >Croatia</option><option value='Cuba' >Cuba</option><option value='Cyprus' >Cyprus</option><option value='Czech Republic' >Czech Republic</option><option value='Denmark' >Denmark</option><option value='Djibouti' >Djibouti</option><option value='Dominica' >Dominica</option><option value='Dominican Republic' >Dominican Republic</option><option value='East Timor' >East Timor</option><option value='Ecuador' >Ecuador</option><option value='Egypt' >Egypt</option><option value='El Salvador' >El Salvador</option><option value='Equatorial Guinea' >Equatorial Guinea</option><option value='Eritrea' >Eritrea</option><option value='Estonia' >Estonia</option><option value='Ethiopia' >Ethiopia</option><option value='Falkland Islands (Malvinas)' >Falkland Islands (Malvinas)</option><option value='Faroe Islands' >Faroe Islands</option><option value='Fiji' >Fiji</option><option value='Finland' >Finland</option><option value='Fmr Yugoslav Rep of Macedonia' >Fmr Yugoslav Rep of Macedonia</option><option value='France' >France</option><option value='French Guiana' >French Guiana</option><option value='French Polynesia' >French Polynesia</option><option value='French Southern Territories' >French Southern Territories</option><option value='Gabon' >Gabon</option><option value='Gambia' >Gambia</option><option value='Georgia' >Georgia</option><option value='Germany' >Germany</option><option value='Ghana' >Ghana</option><option value='Gibraltar' >Gibraltar</option><option value='Greece' >Greece</option><option value='Greenland' >Greenland</option><option value='Grenada' >Grenada</option><option value='Guadeloupe' >Guadeloupe</option><option value='Guam' >Guam</option><option value='Guatemala' >Guatemala</option><option value='Guinea' >Guinea</option><option value='Guinea-Bissau' >Guinea-Bissau</option><option value='Guyana' >Guyana</option><option value='Haiti' >Haiti</option><option value='Heard and McDonald Islands' >Heard and McDonald Islands</option><option value='Holy See (Vatican City State)' >Holy See (Vatican City State)</option><option value='Honduras' >Honduras</option><option value='Hong Kong' >Hong Kong</option><option value='Hungary' >Hungary</option><option value='Iceland' >Iceland</option><option value='India' >India</option><option value='Indonesia' >Indonesia</option><option value='Iran (Islamic Republic Of)' >Iran (Islamic Republic Of)</option><option value='Iraq' >Iraq</option><option value='Ireland' >Ireland</option><option value='Israel' >Israel</option><option value='Italy' >Italy</option><option value='Jamaica' >Jamaica</option><option value='Japan' >Japan</option><option value='Jordan' >Jordan</option><option value='Kazakstan' >Kazakstan</option><option value='Kenya' >Kenya</option><option value='Kiribati' >Kiribati</option><option value='Korea, Democratic People's Rep' >Korea, Democratic People's Rep</option><option value='Korea, Republic of' >Korea, Republic of</option><option value='Kuwait' >Kuwait</option><option value='Kyrgyzstan' >Kyrgyzstan</option><option value='Lao People's Democratic Rep' >Lao People's Democratic Rep</option><option value='Latvia' >Latvia</option><option value='Lebanon' >Lebanon</option><option value='Lesotho' >Lesotho</option><option value='Liberia' >Liberia</option><option value='Libyan Arab Jamahiriya' >Libyan Arab Jamahiriya</option><option value='Liechtenstein' >Liechtenstein</option><option value='Lithuania' >Lithuania</option><option value='Luxembourg' >Luxembourg</option><option value='Macau' >Macau</option><option value='Madagascar' >Madagascar</option><option value='Malawi' >Malawi</option><option value='Malaysia' >Malaysia</option><option value='Maldives' >Maldives</option><option value='Mali' >Mali</option><option value='Malta' >Malta</option><option value='Marshall Islands' >Marshall Islands</option><option value='Martinique' >Martinique</option><option value='Mauritania' >Mauritania</option><option value='Mauritius' >Mauritius</option><option value='Mayotte' >Mayotte</option><option value='Mexico' >Mexico</option><option value='Micronesia, Federated States' >Micronesia, Federated States</option><option value='Moldova, Republic of' >Moldova, Republic of</option><option value='Monaco' >Monaco</option><option value='Mongolia' >Mongolia</option><option value='Montserrat' >Montserrat</option><option value='Morocco' >Morocco</option><option value='Mozambique' >Mozambique</option><option value='Myanmar' >Myanmar</option><option value='Namibia' >Namibia</option><option value='Nauru' >Nauru</option><option value='Nepal' >Nepal</option><option value='Netherlands' >Netherlands</option><option value='Netherlands Antilles' >Netherlands Antilles</option><option value='New Caledonia' >New Caledonia</option><option value='New Zealand' >New Zealand</option><option value='Nicaragua' >Nicaragua</option><option value='Niger' >Niger</option><option value='Nigeria' >Nigeria</option><option value='Niue' >Niue</option><option value='Norfolk Island' >Norfolk Island</option><option value='Northern Mariana Islands' >Northern Mariana Islands</option><option value='Norway' >Norway</option><option value='Oman' >Oman</option><option value='Pakistan' >Pakistan</option><option value='Palau' >Palau</option><option value='Panama' >Panama</option><option value='Papua New Guinea' >Papua New Guinea</option><option value='Paraguay' >Paraguay</option><option value='Peru' >Peru</option><option value='Philippines' >Philippines</option><option value='Pitcairn' >Pitcairn</option><option value='Poland' >Poland</option><option value='Portugal' >Portugal</option><option value='Puerto Rico' >Puerto Rico</option><option value='Qatar' >Qatar</option><option value='Reunion' >Reunion</option><option value='Romania' >Romania</option><option value='Russian Federation' >Russian Federation</option><option value='Rwanda' >Rwanda</option><option value='Saint Helena' >Saint Helena</option><option value='Saint Kitts and Nevis' >Saint Kitts and Nevis</option><option value='Saint Lucia' >Saint Lucia</option><option value='Saint Pierre and Miquelon' >Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value='Samoa' >Samoa</option><option value='San Marino' >San Marino</option><option value='Sao Tome and Principe' >Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value='Saudi Arabia' >Saudi Arabia</option><option value='Senegal' >Senegal</option><option value='Seychelles' >Seychelles</option><option value='Sierra Leone' >Sierra Leone</option><option value='Singapore' >Singapore</option><option value='Slovakia' >Slovakia</option><option value='Slovenia' >Slovenia</option><option value='Solomon Islands' >Solomon Islands</option><option value='Somalia' >Somalia</option><option value='South Africa' >South Africa</option><option value='Spain' >Spain</option><option value='Sri Lanka' >Sri Lanka</option><option value='Sth Georgia & Sth Sandwich Is' >Sth Georgia & Sth Sandwich Is</option><option value='St Vincent and the Grenadines' >St Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value='Sudan' >Sudan</option><option value='Suriname' >Suriname</option><option value='Svalbard and Jan Mayen' >Svalbard and Jan Mayen</option><option value='Swaziland' >Swaziland</option><option value='Sweden' >Sweden</option><option value='Switzerland' >Switzerland</option><option value='Syrian Arab Republic' >Syrian Arab Republic</option><option value='Taiwan, Province of China' >Taiwan, Province of China</option><option value='Tajikistan' >Tajikistan</option><option value='Tanzania, United Republic of' >Tanzania, United Republic of</option><option value='Thailand' >Thailand</option><option value='Togo' >Togo</option><option value='Tokelau' >Tokelau</option><option value='Tonga' >Tonga</option><option value='Trinidad and Tobago' >Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value='Tunisia' >Tunisia</option><option value='Turkey' >Turkey</option><option value='Turkmenistan' >Turkmenistan</option><option value='Turks and Caicos Islands' >Turks and Caicos Islands</option><option value='Tuvalu' >Tuvalu</option><option value='Uganda' >Uganda</option><option value='Ukraine' >Ukraine</option><option value='United Arab Emirates' >United Arab Emirates</option><option value='United Kingdom' >United Kingdom</option><option value='Uruguay' >Uruguay</option><option value='US Minor Outlying Islands' >US Minor Outlying Islands</option><option value='Uzbekistan' >Uzbekistan</option><option value='Vanuatu' >Vanuatu</option><option value='Venezuela' >Venezuela</option><option value='Vietnam' >Vietnam</option><option value='Virgin Islands (British)' >Virgin Islands (British)</option><option value='Virgin Islands (U.S.)' >Virgin Islands (U.S.)</option><option value='Wallis and Futuna Islands' >Wallis and Futuna Islands</option><option value='Western Sahara' >Western Sahara</option><option value='Yemen' >Yemen</option><option value='Yugoslavia' >Yugoslavia</option><option value='Zambia' >Zambia</option><option value='Zimbabwe' >Zimbabwe</option></select></div></li><li id="field_1_8" class="gfield gfield--type-select sub-category gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_8" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_8'>Pick a category<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_8' id='input_1_8' class='large gfield_select' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Pick a category</option><option value='Accelerating Microscopy' >Accelerating Microscopy</option><option value='Advancing Materials' >Advancing Materials</option><option value='Advancing Mining' >Advancing Mining</option><option value='Analyzing Metals' >Analyzing Metals</option><option value='Behind the Bench' >Behind the Bench</option><option value='Examining Food' >Examining Food</option><option value='Identifying Threats' >Identifying Threats</option><option value='Life in the Lab' selected='selected'>Life in the Lab</option></select></div></li><li id="field_1_9" class="gfield gfield--type-checkbox gfield--type-choice gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_9" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text gfield_label_before_complex' ><span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_checkbox'><ul class='gfield_checkbox' id='input_1_9'><li class='gchoice gchoice_1_9_1'> <input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_9.1' type='checkbox' value='1' id='choice_1_9_1' /> <label for='choice_1_9_1' id='label_1_9_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>I would like to receive information about content, events, products, services and promotions from Thermo Fisher Scientific and its affiliates. I agree for the Thermo Fisher Scientific group (thermofisher.com/legalentities) to contact me by email and/or telephone to inform me of events, products, services and/or promotions offered in connection with the brands Thermo Scientific™, Applied Biosystems™, Invitrogen™, Gibco™, Ion Torrent ™, Unity Lab Services™, Fisher Scientifc™. I can withdraw my consent and unsubscribe at any time by emailing reply@thermofisher.com By submitting my data, I give consent to the collection, processing and use of my personal data in accordance with the Thermo Fisher Scientific Policy (thermofisher.com/privacypolicy).</label> </li></ul></div></li><li id="field_1_10" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gform_hidden field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_10" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_10' id='input_1_10' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='Life in the Lab' /></div></li><li id="field_1_11" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_above gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_11" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_11'>Email</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_11' id='input_1_11' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_1_11'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></li></ul></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_1' class='gform_button button' value='Subscribe' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_1").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_1' value='WyJbXSIsImFiYmI5YzY2YWJjNDlmYzYwZjUzMTBiZjQ0NGIwZGNmIl0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_1' id='gform_target_page_number_1' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_1' id='gform_source_page_number_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_3" name="ak_js" value="104"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_3" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_1').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_1');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_1').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_1').val();gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [1, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [1]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_1').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_1').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); /* ]]> */ </script> </div> </div></div><script>if(window.location.search.indexOf('post_id')!=-1){ window.close();}jQuery(document).ready(function ($) { $('p').mashSelectionSharer();});</script>  <script type="text/html" id="wpls--tmpl"> <li class="search-result"> <a href="<%= post.link %>"> <div class="wpls--item-title-wrap"> <h4 class="wpls--item-title"><%= post.title %></h4> </div> </a> </li> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ if ( typeof(jQuery) !== 'undefined' ) { jQuery( document ).ready(function(){ function monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load() { if ( ( typeof(__gaTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gaTracker && __gaTracker.hasOwnProperty( "loaded" ) && __gaTracker.loaded == true ) || ( typeof(__gtagTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gtagTracker ) ) { (function(factory) { factory(jQuery); }(function($) { /* Scroll Depth */ "use strict"; var defaults = { percentage: true }; var $window = $(window), cache = [], scrollEventBound = false, lastPixelDepth = 0; /* * Plugin */ $.scrollDepth = function(options) { var startTime = +new Date(); options = $.extend({}, defaults, options); /* * Functions */ function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) { if ( 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject || 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) { return; } var paramName = action.toLowerCase(); var fieldsArray = { send_to: 'G-SGE8PSVJVV', non_interaction: true }; fieldsArray[paramName] = label; if (arguments.length > 3) { fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timing MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } else { MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } } function calculateMarks(docHeight) { return { '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10), '50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10), '75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10), /* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */ '100%': docHeight - 5 }; } function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) { /* Check each active mark */ $.each(marks, function(key, val) { if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) { sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing); cache.push(key); } }); } function rounded(scrollDistance) { /* Returns String */ return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString(); } function init() { bindScrollDepth(); } /* * Public Methods */ /* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */ $.scrollDepth.reset = function() { cache = []; lastPixelDepth = 0; $window.off('scroll.scrollDepth'); bindScrollDepth(); }; /* Add DOM elements to be tracked */ $.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.merge(options.elements, elems); /* If scroll event has been unbound from window, rebind */ if (!scrollEventBound) { bindScrollDepth(); } }; /* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */ $.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.each(elems, function(index, elem) { var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements); var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache); if (inElementsArray != -1) { options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1); } if (inCacheArray != -1) { cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1); } }); }; /* * Throttle function borrowed from: * Underscore.js 1.5.2 * http://underscorejs.org * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors * Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license. */ function throttle(func, wait) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; var later = function() { previous = new Date; timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); }; return function() { var now = new Date; if (!previous) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); } else if (!timeout) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; } /* * Scroll Event */ function bindScrollDepth() { scrollEventBound = true; $window.on('scroll.scrollDepth', throttle(function() { /* * We calculate document and window height on each scroll event to * account for dynamic DOM changes. */ var docHeight = $(document).height(), winHeight = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : $window.height(), scrollDistance = $window.scrollTop() + winHeight, /* Recalculate percentage marks */ marks = calculateMarks(docHeight), /* Timing */ timing = +new Date - startTime; checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing); }, 500)); } init(); }; /* UMD export */ return $.scrollDepth; })); jQuery.scrollDepth(); } else { setTimeout(monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load, 200); } } monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load(); }); } /* End MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="wpls-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wp_search_vars = {"helperText":"one more character","api":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/wp-json\/as\/v1\/all-posts\/10"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/wp-search-live/public/assets/js/wp-live-search.js?ver=0.9" id="wpls-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js?ver=6.6.1" id="comment-reply-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=d90eebea464f6c09bfd5" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/placeholders.jquery.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_placeholder-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/vendor-theme.min.js?ver=54e7080aa7a02c83aa61fae430b9d869" id="gform_gravityforms_theme_vendors-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform_theme_config = {"common":{"form":{"honeypot":{"version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea"}}},"hmr_dev":"","public_path":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/life-in-the-lab\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/assets\/js\/dist\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/scripts-theme.min.js?ver=bab19fd84843dabc070e73326d787910" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/tabs.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-tabs-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/js/scripts.js?ver=1.2.9.3" id="scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="boxzilla-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var boxzilla_options = {"testMode":"","boxes":[{"id":16,"icon":"×","content":"","css":{"position":"bottom-right"},"trigger":{"method":"percentage","value":35},"animation":"fade","cookie":{"triggered":0,"dismissed":0},"rehide":false,"position":"bottom-right","screenWidthCondition":null,"closable":true,"post":{"id":16,"title":"Single Call to Action","slug":"single-call-to-action"}}]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/boxzilla/assets/js/script.js?ver=3.3.1" id="boxzilla-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js?ver=1722950842" id="akismet-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() { jQuery(document).on('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 1) {gformInitChosenFields('#input_1_7,#input_1_8','No results matched');if(typeof Placeholders != 'undefined'){ Placeholders.enable(); }} } );jQuery(document).on('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){gformInitChosenFields('#input_1_7,#input_1_8','No results matched');} ) } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "1", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, 1] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: 1 } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/K1tG87Y8lf3h/SMnlrP/_GYOkD/LOVucQL4wVLzt1/YxxmKQ/CQB/oTCJAXxg"></script></body></html>