CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Somerset House - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"b7f3fc31-d705-4d92-996a-d7d3424af2bf","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Somerset_House","wgTitle":"Somerset House","wgCurRevisionId":1259130489,"wgRevisionId":1259130489,"wgArticleId":466528,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles incorporating Cite DNB template","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica","Webarchive template wayback links","Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use British English from February 2013","Use dmy dates from October 2022", "Short description is different from Wikidata","Commons category link from Wikidata","Coordinates on Wikidata","Pages using the Kartographer extension","Arts centres in London","Museums in the City of Westminster","National government buildings in London","Royal buildings in London","Courtauld Institute of Art","HM Revenue and Customs","King's College London","Houses completed in 1796","Grade I listed buildings in the City of Westminster","Grade I listed government buildings","Grade I listed educational buildings","Grade I listed museum buildings","William Chambers buildings","Georgian architecture in the City of Westminster","Neoclassical architecture in London","Headquarters in the United Kingdom","1796 establishments in England","Victoria Embankment","Strand, London","Anne of Denmark","Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz","Catherine of Braganza","Henrietta Maria of France","Townhouses in the United Kingdom","2024 fires in Europe","Burned buildings and structures in the United Kingdom" ],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Somerset_House","wgRelevantArticleId":466528,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":70000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":51.51111111111111,"lon":-0.11777777777777777},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false, "wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1344889","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.kartographer.style":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges": "ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.kartographer.staticframe","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="838"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="559"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="447"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Somerset House - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Somerset_House rootpage-Somerset_House skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Somerset+House" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Somerset+House" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Somerset+House" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Somerset+House" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Old_Somerset_House" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_Somerset_House"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Old Somerset House</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Old_Somerset_House-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Old Somerset House subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Old_Somerset_House-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-16th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#16th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>16th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-16th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-17th_and_18th_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#17th_and_18th_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>17th and 18th centuries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-17th_and_18th_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Somerset_House_(Sir_William_Chambers,_1776)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Somerset_House_(Sir_William_Chambers,_1776)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Somerset House (Sir William Chambers, 1776)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Somerset_House_(Sir_William_Chambers,_1776)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Somerset House (Sir William Chambers, 1776) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Somerset_House_(Sir_William_Chambers,_1776)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Construction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Construction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ornamentation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ornamentation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Ornamentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ornamentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accommodation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accommodation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Accommodation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accommodation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-A_home_for_arts_and_learning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_home_for_arts_and_learning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>A home for arts and learning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_home_for_arts_and_learning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Navy_Office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Navy_Office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>The Navy Office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Navy_Office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxes,_stamps_and_the_Inland_Revenue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxes,_stamps_and_the_Inland_Revenue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Taxes, stamps and the Inland Revenue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxes,_stamps_and_the_Inland_Revenue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Somerset_House_Laboratory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Somerset_House_Laboratory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Somerset House Laboratory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Somerset_House_Laboratory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Registry_of_Births,_Marriages_and_Deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Registry_of_Births,_Marriages_and_Deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.5</span> <span>Registry of Births, Marriages and Deaths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Registry_of_Births,_Marriages_and_Deaths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_public_offices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_public_offices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.6</span> <span>Other public offices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_public_offices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-19th-century_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th-century_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>19th-century expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th-century_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th-century_modifications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th-century_modifications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>20th-century modifications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th-century_modifications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st-century_redevelopment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st-century_redevelopment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>21st-century redevelopment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st-century_redevelopment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Filming_location" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filming_location"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>Filming location</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filming_location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.2</span> <span>Fire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Somerset House</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82-%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Сомерсет-хаус – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сомерсет-хаус" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%BC%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Съмърсет Хаус – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Съмърсет Хаус" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="خانه سامرست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خانه سامرست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%A9_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD" title="Սոմերսեթ հաուս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սոմերսեթ հաուս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%98" title="בית סאמרסט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית סאמרסט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Сомерсетски дом – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сомерсетски дом" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="സോമർസെറ്റ് ഹൗസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സോമർസെറ്റ് ഹൗസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3" title="سومرست هاوس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سومرست هاوس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%9E%E3%82%BB%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9" title="サマセット・ハウス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サマセット・ハウス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%B9_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A4%D8%B3" title="سامرسیٹ ہاؤس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سامرسیٹ ہاؤس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82-%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Сомерсет-хаус – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сомерсет-хаус" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" title="Somerset House – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Somerset House" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82-%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%81" title="Сомерсет-хаус – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сомерсет-хаус" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%B9_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A4%D8%B3" title="سامرسیٹ ہاؤس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سامرسیٹ ہاؤس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%BB%98%E5%A1%9E%E7%89%B9%E5%BA%9C" title="萨默塞特府 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="萨默塞特府" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1344889#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Somerset_House" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Somerset_House" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Somerset_House"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Somerset_House"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Somerset_House" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Somerset_House" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&oldid=1259130489" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Somerset_House&id=1259130489&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSomerset_House"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSomerset_House"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Somerset_House&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Somerset_House" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1344889" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Somerset_House&params=51_30_40_N_0_7_4_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°30′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°7′4″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.51111°N 0.11778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.51111; -0.11778</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Building on the Strand, London</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 18th-century town house of the Duke of Somerset, see <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House,_Park_Lane" title="Somerset House, Park Lane">Somerset House, Park Lane</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Somerset House</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House,_Strand,_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The courtyard of Somerset House from the North Wing entrance (September 2007)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg/300px-The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg/450px-The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg/600px-The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="447" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">Courtyard of Somerset House from the North Wing entrance (September 2007)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="14" data-overlays="["_c0be60bc5be616ec2e2e1105e5f1b48472d86462"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Somerset_House&groups=_c0be60bc5be616ec2e2e1105e5f1b48472d86462" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Somerset_House&groups=_c0be60bc5be616ec2e2e1105e5f1b48472d86462 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand</a><br /><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/WC_postcode_area" title="WC postcode area">WC2</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current tenants</th><td class="infobox-data">Multiple</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">1776<span class="noprint">; 248 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1776</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cost</th><td class="infobox-data">£462,323 (1801)<sup id="cite_ref-18c_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18c-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landlord</th><td class="infobox-data">Somerset House Trust</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Design and construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Chambers_(architect)" title="William Chambers (architect)">Sir William Chambers</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">Grade I listed building</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit access</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Temple_tube_station" title="Temple tube station">Temple</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somersethouse.org.uk/">www<wbr />.somersethouse<wbr />.org<wbr />.uk</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344889#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Somerset House</b> is a large building complex situated on the south side of the <a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">central London</a>, overlooking the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a>, just east of <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Bridge" title="Waterloo Bridge">Waterloo Bridge</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Georgian_era" title="Georgian era">Georgian era</a> quadrangle was built on the site of a <a href="/wiki/Tudor_period" title="Tudor period">Tudor</a> <a href="/wiki/Palace" title="Palace">palace</a> ("Old Somerset House") originally belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Duke of Somerset</a> in 1547. The present Somerset House was designed by <a href="/wiki/William_Chambers_(architect)" title="William Chambers (architect)">Sir William Chambers</a>, begun in 1776, and was further extended with <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a> outer wings to the east and west in 1831 and 1856 respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site of Somerset House stood directly on the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a> until the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Embankment" title="Victoria Embankment">Victoria Embankment</a> was built in the late 1860s.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The great Georgian era structure was built to be a grand public building housing various government and public-benefit society offices. Its present tenants are a mixture of various organisations, generally centred around the arts and education. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_Somerset_House">Old Somerset House</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Old Somerset House"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="16th_century">16th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 16th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 16th century, the <a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand</a>, the north bank of the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thames</a> between the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a>, was a favoured site for the mansions of bishops and aristocrats, who could commute from their own landing stages upriver to the court or downriver to the City and beyond.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 9">: 9 </span></sup> In 1539, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Edward Seymour</a>, 1st <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Hertford" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl of Hertford">Earl of Hertford</a> (died 1552), obtained a grant of land at "Chester Place, outside <a href="/wiki/Temple_Bar,_London" title="Temple Bar, London">Temple Bar</a>, London"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from his brother-in-law King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When his nephew the young <a href="/wiki/Edward_VI_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward VI of England">King Edward VI</a> came to the throne in 1547, Seymour became <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Somerset" title="Duke of Somerset">Duke of Somerset</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 9">: 9 </span></sup> In about 1549 he pulled down an old <a href="/wiki/Inn_of_Chancery" class="mw-redirect" title="Inn of Chancery">Inn of Chancery</a> and other houses that stood on the site, and began to build himself a palatial residence, making liberal use of other nearby buildings, including some of the <a href="/wiki/Chantry" title="Chantry">chantry chapels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cloister" title="Cloister">cloisters</a> at <a href="/wiki/Old_St._Paul%27s_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Old St. Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a>, which were demolished partly at his behest as part of the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_monasteries" title="Dissolution of the monasteries">dissolution of the monasteries</a>. It was a two-storey house built around a quadrangle, with a gateway rising to three storeys, and was one of the earliest examples of <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance architecture</a> in England. It is not known who designed the building.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 11">: 11 </span></sup> </p><p>Before it was finished, however, the Duke of Somerset was overthrown, <a href="/wiki/Attainder" title="Attainder">attainted</a> by <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament</a> and in 1552 was executed on <a href="/wiki/Tower_Hill" title="Tower Hill">Tower Hill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 11">: 11 </span></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Somerset Place, as the building was referred to, then came into the possession of the Crown. The duke's royal nephew's half-sister, the future <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Queen Elizabeth I</a>, lived there during the reign of her half-sister <a href="/wiki/Mary_I_of_England" title="Mary I of England">Queen Mary I</a> (1553–58).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 11">: 11 </span></sup> The process of completion and improvement was slow and costly. As late as 1598 <a href="/wiki/John_Stow" title="John Stow">John Stow</a> refers to it as "yet unfinished".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th_and_18th_centuries">17th and 18th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 17th and 18th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Somerset_House_Conference_19_August_1604.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/The_Somerset_House_Conference_19_August_1604.jpg/350px-The_Somerset_House_Conference_19_August_1604.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/The_Somerset_House_Conference_19_August_1604.jpg/525px-The_Somerset_House_Conference_19_August_1604.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/The_Somerset_House_Conference_19_August_1604.jpg/700px-The_Somerset_House_Conference_19_August_1604.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1883" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerset House Conference">Somerset House Conference</a>, 19 August 1604</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House_by_Kip_1722.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Somerset_House_by_Kip_1722.JPG/350px-Somerset_House_by_Kip_1722.JPG" decoding="async" width="350" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Somerset_House_by_Kip_1722.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="296" /></a><figcaption>Old Somerset House, in a drawing by <a href="/wiki/Jan_Kip" title="Jan Kip">Jan Kip</a> published in 1722, was a sprawling and irregular complex with wings from different periods in a mixture of styles. The buildings behind all four square gardens belong to Somerset House.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg/350px-CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg/525px-CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg/700px-CanalettoSomersetHouseTerrace.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1143" /></a><figcaption><i>The Thames from the Terrace of Somerset House Looking Towards St. Paul's</i>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1750</span> by <a href="/wiki/Canaletto" title="Canaletto">Canaletto</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the summer of 1604, Somerset House was the location for the negotiations, known as the <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Somerset House Conference">Somerset House Conference</a> that culminated in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_London_(1604)" title="Treaty of London (1604)">Treaty of London</a> and concluded the nineteen-year <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Spanish_War_(1585%E2%80%931604)" title="Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)">Anglo-Spanish War</a>. The treaty was signed on 28 August (<a href="/wiki/Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates" title="Old Style and New Style dates">New Style</a>), at <a href="/wiki/Whitehall_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitehall Palace">Whitehall Palace</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Juan_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Velasco_y_Tovar,_5th_Duke_of_Fr%C3%ADas" title="Juan Fernández de Velasco y Tovar, 5th Duke of Frías">Constable of Castile</a> who was lodged at Somerset House.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conference was the subject of an <a href="/wiki/Somerset_House_Conference_(painting)" title="Somerset House Conference (painting)">oil-on-canvas painting</a> depicting the 11 representatives of the governments of England, Spain and the Spanish Netherlands, seated around a conference table, probably in Old Somerset House.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 17th century, the house was used as a residence by royal consorts. In the reign of <a href="/wiki/James_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="James I of England">King James I</a>, the building was the London residence of his wife, <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Denmark" title="Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a>, and was renamed Denmark House.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 13">: 13 </span></sup> She commissioned a number of expensive additions and improvements, some to designs by <a href="/wiki/Inigo_Jones" title="Inigo Jones">Inigo Jones</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> In 1609 <a href="/wiki/Simon_Basil" title="Simon Basil">Simon Basil</a> and William Goodrowse made steps and terraces in the garden.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anne of Denmark built an orangery and employed a French gardener and hydraulic engineer <a href="/wiki/Salomon_de_Caus" title="Salomon de Caus">Salomon de Caus</a>. He built a fountain known as <a href="/wiki/Mount_Parnassus" title="Mount Parnassus">Mount Parnassus</a> with a grotto carved with sea-shells and a black marble female figure representing the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">River Thames</a>. The fountain was topped by a statue of <a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Roman_Baths,_Strand_Lane" title="Roman Baths, Strand Lane">surviving cistern for the fountain</a> in nearby Strand Lane was misidentified as a Roman bath.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The refurbished palace was the setting for elaborate entertainments at the wedding of Anne's lady in waiting <a href="/wiki/Jean_Ker,_Countess_of_Roxburghe" title="Jean Ker, Countess of Roxburghe">Jean Drummond</a> on 3 February 1614, including a masque <i><a href="/wiki/Hymen%27s_Triumph" title="Hymen's Triumph">Hymen's Triumph</a></i> written by <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Daniel" title="Samuel Daniel">Samuel Daniel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 22 May 1614, <a href="/wiki/Christian_IV_of_Denmark" title="Christian IV of Denmark">Christian IV of Denmark</a> paid a surprise visit to his sister.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1619, King James granted the palace to <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">Prince Charles</a>. <a href="/wiki/Frances_Coke,_Viscountess_Purbeck" title="Frances Coke, Viscountess Purbeck">Frances Coke, Viscountess Purbeck</a> was appointed keeper of Denmark House, and <a href="/wiki/Mary_Villiers,_Countess_of_Buckingham" title="Mary Villiers, Countess of Buckingham">Mary Villiers, Countess of Buckingham</a> frequently stayed there.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the death of King James in April 1625, his body was brought from <a href="/wiki/Theobalds_House" title="Theobalds House">Theobalds</a> to lie in state at Denmark House. The state rooms were hung with black cloth. At this period there was no chapel at Denmark House, and so the Great Hall was adapted, and the body moved there before the <a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_James_VI_and_I" title="Death and funeral of James VI and I">funeral at Westminster Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1630 and 1635 Inigo Jones built a chapel where <a href="/wiki/Henrietta_Maria_of_France" title="Henrietta Maria of France">Henrietta Maria of France</a>, the wife of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">King Charles I</a>, could exercise her <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholic religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> This was in the care of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friars_Minor_Capuchin" title="Order of Friars Minor Capuchin">Capuchin Order</a> and was on a site to the southwest of the Great Court.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> A small cemetery was attached and some of the tombstones are still to be seen built into one of the walls of a passage under the present quadrangle.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Royal occupation of Somerset House was interrupted by the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">Civil War</a>, and in 1649 <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament</a> tried to sell it. They failed to find a buyer, although a sale of the contents (most notably 1,570 paintings owned by Charles I)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> realised the very considerable sum (for that time) of <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>118,000.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Use was still found for it however. Part of it served as an army headquarters, with <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fairfax,_3rd_Lord_Fairfax_of_Cameron" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron">General Fairfax</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarians</a>' commander-in-chief) being given official quarters there;<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 31">: 31 </span></sup> lodgings were also provided for certain other Parliamentarian notables. It was in Somerset House that <a href="/wiki/Lord_Protector" title="Lord Protector">Lord Protector</a> <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>'s body lay in state after his death in 1658.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 25">: 25 </span></sup> </p><p>Two years later, with the <a href="/wiki/English_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="English Restoration">Restoration</a>, Queen Henrietta Maria returned and in 1661 began a considerable programme of rebuilding, the main feature of which was a magnificent new river front, again to the design of the late <a href="/wiki/Inigo_Jones" title="Inigo Jones">Inigo Jones</a>, who had died at Somerset House in 1652.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 48">: 48 </span></sup> However she returned to France in 1665 before it was finished. It was then used as an occasional residence by <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Braganza" title="Catherine of Braganza">Catherine of Braganza</a>, wife of <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">King Charles II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 63">: 63 </span></sup> During her time it received a certain notoriety as being, in the popular mind, a hot-bed of <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> conspiracy. <a href="/wiki/Titus_Oates" title="Titus Oates">Titus Oates</a> made full use of this prejudice in the fabricated details of the <a href="/wiki/Popish_Plot" title="Popish Plot">Popish Plot</a> and it was alleged that <a href="/wiki/Sir_Edmund_Berry_Godfrey" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey">Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey</a>, whose murder was one of the great mysteries of the age, had been killed in Somerset House before his body had been smuggled out and thrown into a ditch below <a href="/wiki/Primrose_Hill" title="Primrose Hill">Primrose Hill</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Somerset House was refurbished by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Christopher_Wren" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Christopher Wren">Sir Christopher Wren</a> in 1685.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 63">: 63 </span></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Glorious_Revolution" title="Glorious Revolution">Glorious Revolution</a> in 1688, Somerset House entered on a long period of decline, being used (after Queen Catherine left England in 1692) for <a href="/wiki/Grace_and_favour" title="Grace and favour">grace and favour</a> residences. In the conditions of the time this meant almost inevitably that little money could be found for its upkeep, and a slow process of decay crept in.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 63">: 63 </span></sup> During the 18th century, however, the building ceased its royal associations. Though the view from its terraced riverfront garden, open to the public, was painted twice on his London visit by <a href="/wiki/Canaletto" title="Canaletto">Canaletto</a> (looking up- and downriver), it was used for storage, as a residence for visiting overseas dignitaries and as a <a href="/wiki/Barracks" title="Barracks">barracks</a> for troops. Suffering from neglect, Old Somerset House began to be demolished in 1775.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 63">: 63 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Somerset_House_(Sir_William_Chambers,_1776)"><span id="Somerset_House_.28Sir_William_Chambers.2C_1776.29"></span>Somerset House (Sir William Chambers, 1776)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Somerset House (Sir William Chambers, 1776)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House,_London,_United_Kingdom_(Unsplash).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Somerset_House%2C_London%2C_United_Kingdom_%28Unsplash%29.jpg/310px-Somerset_House%2C_London%2C_United_Kingdom_%28Unsplash%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Somerset_House%2C_London%2C_United_Kingdom_%28Unsplash%29.jpg/465px-Somerset_House%2C_London%2C_United_Kingdom_%28Unsplash%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Somerset_House%2C_London%2C_United_Kingdom_%28Unsplash%29.jpg/620px-Somerset_House%2C_London%2C_United_Kingdom_%28Unsplash%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3033" data-file-height="2019" /></a><figcaption>The south wing of Chambers' Somerset House</figcaption></figure> <p>Since the middle of the 18th century there had been growing criticism that London had no great public buildings. Government departments and the learned societies were huddled away in small old buildings all over the city. Developing national pride found comparison with the capitals of continental Europe disquieting. <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Edmund Burke</a> was the leading proponent of the scheme for a "national building", and in 1775 Parliament passed an act, the Crown Lands Act 1775 (<a href="/wiki/15_Geo._3" class="mw-redirect" title="15 Geo. 3">15 Geo. 3</a>. c. 33), for the purpose of, <i>inter alia</i>, "erecting and establishing Publick Offices in Somerset House, and for embanking Parts of the River Thames lying within the bounds of the Manor of <a href="/wiki/Savoy_Hotel" title="Savoy Hotel">Savoy</a>". The list of public offices mentioned in the act comprised "The Salt Office, The Stamp Office, The Tax Office, The Navy Office, The Navy Victualling Office, The Publick Lottery Office, The Hawkers and Pedlar Office, The Hackney Coach Office, The Surveyor General of the Crown Lands Office, The <a href="/wiki/Auditor_of_imprests" class="mw-redirect" title="Auditor of imprests">Auditors of the Imprest</a> Office, The Pipe Office, The Office of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Lancaster" title="Duchy of Lancaster">Duchy of Lancaster</a>, The Office of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Cornwall" title="Duchy of Cornwall">Duchy of Cornwall</a>, The <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Ordnance" title="Board of Ordnance">Office of Ordnance</a>, The King's Bargemaster's House, The King's Bargehouses".<sup id="cite_ref-CLA1775_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CLA1775-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Somerset House was still technically a royal palace and therefore <a href="/wiki/Crown_property" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown property">Crown property</a>, with most work being done by the King's Master Mason, <a href="/wiki/John_Deval" title="John Deval">John Deval</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building had been placed in trust for the use of <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Queen Charlotte</a> in the event that her husband <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">King George III</a> predeceased her. Therefore, the 1775 act annulled this arrangement and instead provided for another property, Buckingham House, to be vested in trust for the Queen on the same terms. (Provision was made for the King, who had privately purchased Buckingham House some years earlier, to be duly compensated). In due course, the King outlived the Queen and the property (later known as <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a>) reverted "to the use of His Majesty, his heirs and successors".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By virtue of the same act, <a href="/wiki/Ely_Place" title="Ely Place">Ely House</a> in <a href="/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn">Holborn</a> (which had itself been purchased just a few years earlier as a potential site for new public offices) was sold and the proceeds applied to the Somerset House project.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially a certain William Robinson, Secretary to the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Works" title="Office of Works">Board of Works</a>, was commissioned to design and build the new Somerset House, but he died in 1775 shortly after being appointed.<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So <a href="/wiki/William_Chambers_(architect)" title="William Chambers (architect)">Sir William Chambers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Comptroller_of_the_King%27s_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Comptroller of the King's Works">Comptroller of the King's Works</a>, (who had in any case been vying for the commission)<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was appointed in his stead, at a salary of £2,000 per year. He spent the last two decades of his life, beginning in 1775, in several phases of building at the present Somerset House. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Telford" title="Thomas Telford">Thomas Telford</a>, then a stonemason, but later an eminent <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineer" title="Civil engineer">civil engineer</a>, was among those who worked on its construction. One of Chambers's most famous pupils, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hardwick" title="Thomas Hardwick">Thomas Hardwick</a> Jnr, helped build parts of the building during his period of training and later wrote a short biography of Chambers. The design influenced other great buildings: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bulfinch" title="Charles Bulfinch">Charles Bulfinch</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_State_House" title="Massachusetts State House">Massachusetts State House</a>, begun in 1795, has been described as a work "frankly derivative" of Somerset House.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design">Design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House,_Deeble,_1828.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Somerset_House%2C_Deeble%2C_1828.jpeg/300px-Somerset_House%2C_Deeble%2C_1828.jpeg" decoding="async" width="300" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Somerset_House%2C_Deeble%2C_1828.jpeg/450px-Somerset_House%2C_Deeble%2C_1828.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Somerset_House%2C_Deeble%2C_1828.jpeg/600px-Somerset_House%2C_Deeble%2C_1828.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="869" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Somerset House in 1828</figcaption></figure> <p>Chambers' own influences stemmed from <a href="/wiki/Palladianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Palladianism">Palladianism</a>, the principles of which were applied throughout Somerset House, inside and outside, both in its large-scale conception and in its small-scale details.<sup id="cite_ref-Newman1990_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newman1990-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The footprint of the building was that of the old palace, ranging from its gateway block in the Strand across what was originally a gently sloping site down to the river. Chambers experimented with at least four different configurations of buildings and courtyards in drawing up his designs; his final version provided a single courtyard, 300 ft (91 m) by 200 ft (61 m), flanked by a pair of terraces, the whole presenting a unified frontage to the river, 500 feet (150 m) wide. Around the courtyard, each block consisted of six storeys: cellar, basement, ground, principal, attic and garret. The public offices and learned societies which were accommodated around the courtyard varied greatly in size, but each occupied all six floors of its allotted area, the upper floors often providing living space for a secretary or other official. Large vaults for storing public documents were provided, extending under the entire northern section of the courtyard.<sup id="cite_ref-Newman1990_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newman1990-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Construction">Construction</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House_(9053039394).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Somerset_House_%289053039394%29.jpg/240px-Somerset_House_%289053039394%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Somerset_House_%289053039394%29.jpg/360px-Somerset_House_%289053039394%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Somerset_House_%289053039394%29.jpg/480px-Somerset_House_%289053039394%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>Night view from beneath the Strand entrance</figcaption></figure> <p>The North Wing, fronting the <a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand</a>, was the first part of the complex to be built; its design was based on <a href="/wiki/Inigo_Jones" title="Inigo Jones">Inigo Jones</a>'s drawings for the riverfront of the former palace. By 1780 the North Wing was finished and occupied, and Chambers reported to Parliament that the rest of the quadrangle was complete up to a height of two storeys.<sup id="cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NeedhamWebster1906-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of the riverside wing followed; it was finished in 1786. At the time of construction, the Thames was not embanked and the river lapped the South Wing, where a great arch allowed boats and barges to penetrate to landing places within the building.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 68">: 68 </span></sup> Meanwhile, work continued on the East and West Wings, which began to be occupied from 1788;<sup id="cite_ref-SH-history_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH-history-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by 1790 the main quadrangle was complete.<sup id="cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NeedhamWebster1906-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was originally envisaged that the main quadrangle would be flanked by two terraces of houses, one to the east and one to the west, providing accommodation for several of the Commissioners whose offices were based there.<sup id="cite_ref-Brewer1821_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brewer1821-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not certain at what pace the rest of the construction progressed, but it is clear that the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">war with France</a> in 1793 caused delays through lack of money. Chambers died in 1796, whereupon <a href="/wiki/James_Wyatt" title="James Wyatt">James Wyatt</a> took over as architect. In the end, only the western terrace was built and by 1801 the building was deemed to be complete, at a cost of £462,323.<sup id="cite_ref-SH-history_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH-history-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1815 <a href="/wiki/Sir_Robert_Smirke" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Robert Smirke">Sir Robert Smirke</a> was appointed as Attached Architect to Somerset House; in 1817 he added the <a href="/wiki/Inheritance_Tax_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Inheritance Tax in the United Kingdom">Legacy Duty</a> Office to the north-west corner of the quadrangle, its design in keeping with Chambers's adjacent façade.<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even as late as 1819, decorative work to the exterior of the North Wing was still being completed.<sup id="cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NeedhamWebster1906-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ornamentation">Ornamentation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Ornamentation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to applying a rich scheme of architectural decoration, Chambers enhanced the exterior of Somerset House with a multiplicity of sculptures and other visual embellishments. <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Cipriani" class="mw-redirect" title="Giovanni Cipriani">Giovanni Cipriani</a> produced designs and the sculptors executing them included <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wilton" title="Joseph Wilton">Joseph Wilton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agostino_Carlini" title="Agostino Carlini">Agostino Carlini</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Bacon_(sculptor,_born_1740)" title="John Bacon (sculptor, born 1740)">John Bacon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Nollekens" title="Joseph Nollekens">Joseph Nollekens</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Cheere" title="John Cheere">John Cheere</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Ceracchi" title="Giuseppe Ceracchi">Giuseppe Ceracchi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NeedhamWebster1906-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bacon oversaw production of the bronze group of statues (consisting of <a href="/wiki/Neptune_(mythology)" title="Neptune (mythology)">Neptune</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_III" title="George III">George III</a>) in the main courtyard, facing the main entrance from the Strand.<sup id="cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NeedhamWebster1906-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inside, most of the offices were plain and business-like, but in the North Wing the formal rooms and public spaces of the learned societies were enriched with painted ceilings (by Cipriani, <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_West" title="Benjamin West">Benjamin West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angelica_Kauffman" title="Angelica Kauffman">Angelica Kauffman</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Francis_Rigaud" title="John Francis Rigaud">J. F. Rigaud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Catton" title="Charles Catton">Charles Catton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Reynolds" title="Joshua Reynolds">Joshua Reynolds</a>), ornamental plasterwork (by Thomas Collins and Thomas Clerk) and <a href="/wiki/Plaster_cast" title="Plaster cast">casts</a> of classical sculptures.<sup id="cite_ref-Newman1990_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newman1990-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Papworth" title="John Papworth">John Papworth</a> did the plasterwork in the great Royal Academy Room;<sup id="cite_ref-Millar_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Millar-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> many of the ceiling paintings were removed by the Royal Academy when they vacated their premises.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accommodation">Accommodation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Accommodation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A key reason for rebuilding Somerset House was to provide accommodation for a diverse variety of <a href="/wiki/Learned_societies" class="mw-redirect" title="Learned societies">learned societies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_office" class="mw-redirect" title="Public office">public offices</a> and <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">naval</a> administrators.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 63">: 63 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="A_home_for_arts_and_learning">A home for arts and learning</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: A home for arts and learning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Microcosm_of_London_Plate_002_-_Exhibition_at_Somerset_House_by_Thomas_Rowlandson_and_Augustus_Pugin._1800..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_002_-_Exhibition_at_Somerset_House_by_Thomas_Rowlandson_and_Augustus_Pugin._1800..jpg/290px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_002_-_Exhibition_at_Somerset_House_by_Thomas_Rowlandson_and_Augustus_Pugin._1800..jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_002_-_Exhibition_at_Somerset_House_by_Thomas_Rowlandson_and_Augustus_Pugin._1800..jpg/435px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_002_-_Exhibition_at_Somerset_House_by_Thomas_Rowlandson_and_Augustus_Pugin._1800..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_002_-_Exhibition_at_Somerset_House_by_Thomas_Rowlandson_and_Augustus_Pugin._1800..jpg/580px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_002_-_Exhibition_at_Somerset_House_by_Thomas_Rowlandson_and_Augustus_Pugin._1800..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="1011" /></a><figcaption><i>The Exhibition Room at Somerset House</i> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rowlandson" title="Thomas Rowlandson">Thomas Rowlandson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Charles_Pugin" title="Augustus Charles Pugin">Augustus Charles Pugin</a> (1800). This room is now part of the <a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Gallery" title="Courtauld Gallery">Courtauld Gallery</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The North Wing of Somerset House was initially fitted out to house the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Academy">Royal Academy</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Antiquaries_of_London" title="Society of Antiquaries of London">Society of Antiquaries</a>. The Royal Academy took up residence first, in 1779, followed by the other two institutions the following year. The Royal Academy occupied the western half of the wing and the Royal Society the eastern half; their main entrances faced each other across the central vestibule leading from the Strand to the courtyard, topped by busts (of <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> respectively) which are still in place today. The Society of Antiquaries was also accommodated in the eastern half of the wing, though its premises were limited to a first-floor meeting room, a ground-floor library, an apartment in the attic and a kitchen in the basement.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Geological_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Geological Society">Geological Society</a> was also accommodated in the Somerset House from 1828,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as was the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Royal Astronomical Society">Royal Astronomical Society</a> from 1834.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The annual <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_Summer_Exhibition" title="Royal Academy Summer Exhibition">Royal Academy Exhibition</a> was held in Somerset House from 1780 onwards,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 75">: 75 </span></sup> until the academy moved out in 1837 (initially to rooms in the new <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery" title="National Gallery">National Gallery</a>, then to <a href="/wiki/Burlington_House" title="Burlington House">Burlington House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piccadilly" title="Piccadilly">Piccadilly</a>). Its former accommodation was given over to a newly established Government School of Design (which was much later to become the <a href="/wiki/Royal_College_of_Art" title="Royal College of Art">Royal College of Art</a>); it remained in the complex from 1837 until, in 1853, the <a href="/wiki/General_Register_Office_for_England_and_Wales" title="General Register Office for England and Wales">Registry of Births, Marriages and Deaths</a> needed to expand its office space and the School relocated to <a href="/wiki/Marlborough_House" title="Marlborough House">Marlborough House</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1857, the Royal Society moved out of Somerset House, followed in 1874 by the Society of Antiquaries, the <a href="/wiki/Geological_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Geological Society">Geological Society</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Astronomical_Society" title="Royal Astronomical Society">Royal Astronomical Society</a>; they were all provided with new purpose-built accommodation in Burlington House.<sup id="cite_ref-SH-history_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH-history-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Navy_Office">The Navy Office</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The Navy Office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nelson_Stair_Somerset_House_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nelson_Stair_Somerset_House_2.jpg/170px-Nelson_Stair_Somerset_House_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nelson_Stair_Somerset_House_2.jpg/255px-Nelson_Stair_Somerset_House_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Nelson_Stair_Somerset_House_2.jpg/340px-Nelson_Stair_Somerset_House_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="5376" /></a><figcaption>The Navy Stair (later renamed the 'Nelson Stair') which leads to the old Navy Boardroom.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1789 the <a href="/wiki/Navy_Board" title="Navy Board">Navy Board</a> moved into grand riverside rooms in the western half of the newly completed South Wing. It was soon followed by its subsidiary Boards, the <a href="/wiki/Victualling_Commissioners" title="Victualling Commissioners">Victualling Commissioners</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sick_and_Hurt_Commissioners" title="Sick and Hurt Commissioners">Sick and Hurt Commissioners</a>, which (along with the autonomous <a href="/wiki/Navy_Pay_Office_(Royal_Navy)" title="Navy Pay Office (Royal Navy)">Navy Pay Office</a>) occupied the West Wing; they had all hitherto been based in the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a>. Thus the various Navy offices occupied around a third of Chambers' completed building.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the terrace to the west of the quadrangle provided dwelling-houses for the <a href="/wiki/Controller_of_the_Navy_(Royal_Navy)" title="Controller of the Navy (Royal Navy)">Comptroller of the Navy</a>, the Secretary to the Board and three <a href="/wiki/Navy_Board#Hanoverian_period" title="Navy Board">Commissioners of the Navy</a>, along with the chairman, Secretary and two <a href="/wiki/Victualling_Commissioners" title="Victualling Commissioners">Commissioners of Victualling</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NeedhamWebster1906-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the <a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_the_Navy" title="Treasurer of the Navy">Treasurer of the Navy</a> allotted the 'mansion' at the river end of the terrace (which included a coach house and stables for ten horses in the vaults under the terrace).<sup id="cite_ref-Newman1990_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newman1990-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as providing office space and accommodation, Somerset House was the place where examinations for promotion to the rank of <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(Royal_Navy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant (Royal Navy)">lieutenant</a> took place, sat by several hundred <a href="/wiki/Midshipmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Midshipmen">midshipmen</a> each year.<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Admiralty Museum (a precursor to the <a href="/wiki/National_Maritime_Museum" title="National Maritime Museum">National Maritime Museum</a>) was also accommodated there, in the central room above the south portico.<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1832 the Navy Board and its subsidiaries were abolished and their departments placed under the direct oversight of the <a href="/wiki/British_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="British Admiralty">Admiralty</a>. Their administrative staff remained in Somerset House, but communications with the Admiralty (based a mile away in <a href="/wiki/Whitehall" title="Whitehall">Whitehall</a>) were problematic as what became known as the "civil departments" of the Admiralty guarded their independence. In 1868, the Admiralty took the decision to move all their staff from Somerset House to Whitehall; this necessitated reconfiguring what had been a set of residences there pertaining to the <a href="/wiki/Lords_Commissioners_of_the_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty">Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty</a> into office accommodation.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, the move was completed by 1873, and the expanding Inland Revenue immediately took over the vacated space in Somerset House.<sup id="cite_ref-SH-history_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SH-history-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Taxes,_stamps_and_the_Inland_Revenue"><span id="Taxes.2C_stamps_and_the_Inland_Revenue"></span>Taxes, stamps and the Inland Revenue</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Taxes, stamps and the Inland Revenue"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Microcosm_of_London_Plate_074_-_Stamp_Office,_Somerset_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_074_-_Stamp_Office%2C_Somerset_House.jpg/310px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_074_-_Stamp_Office%2C_Somerset_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_074_-_Stamp_Office%2C_Somerset_House.jpg/465px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_074_-_Stamp_Office%2C_Somerset_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_074_-_Stamp_Office%2C_Somerset_House.jpg/620px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_074_-_Stamp_Office%2C_Somerset_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="2114" /></a><figcaption>The Stamp Office, Somerset House: the basement stamping room.</figcaption></figure> <p>From the beginning of the new Somerset House there was a fiscal presence in the shape of the <a href="/wiki/Stamp_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Stamp Office">Stamp Office</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Inland_Revenue#History" title="Inland Revenue">Tax Office</a>, the former occupying the eastern part of the South Wing from 1789 and the latter occupying part of the East Wing. The Stamp Office had the task of applying an <a href="/wiki/Impressed_duty_stamp" title="Impressed duty stamp">impressed duty stamp</a> to various specific items to show that the <a href="/wiki/Stamp_duty_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Stamp duty in the United Kingdom">required duty</a> had been paid. For example, up until 1855 (when the relevant duty was abolished) every newspaper produced in the country had to be brought to Somerset House to be stamped.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tax Office administered and collected various taxes, including <a href="/wiki/Income_tax_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Income tax in the United Kingdom">income tax</a> (first levied in 1799). Introduced as a means of raising revenue in wartime, it was collected during the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>; though repealed in 1816, it was reintroduced in peacetime (in 1842) and has been collected ever since.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Inland_Revenue" title="Inland Revenue">Inland Revenue</a> was created by a merger of the Stamp and Taxes Office and the <a href="/wiki/Excise" title="Excise">Excise</a> Office in 1849; in 1854 the Excise Office staff were moved from their old headquarters in the City of London into the newly built New Wing.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Somerset House continued in use by the Inland Revenue throughout the 20th century. In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/Inland_Revenue" title="Inland Revenue">Inland Revenue</a> was merged with <a href="/wiki/HM_Customs_and_Excise" title="HM Customs and Excise">HM Customs and Excise</a>; its successor <a href="/wiki/HM_Revenue_%26_Customs" class="mw-redirect" title="HM Revenue & Customs">HM Revenue & Customs</a> continued to occupy much of the building, although its executive and senior management moved to <a href="/wiki/Government_Offices_Great_George_Street" title="Government Offices Great George Street">100 Parliament Street</a> shortly after the merger. Various divisions and directorates of HMRC continued to occupy the East Wing until 2009, the West Wing until 2011 and the New Wing until March 2013, by which time all staff had been relocated (with most moving across the street to the southwest wing of <a href="/wiki/Bush_House,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Bush House, London">Bush House</a>). This brought to an end a 224-year association of the revenue services with Somerset House.<sup id="cite_ref-SHT2014-15_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHT2014-15-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Somerset_House_Laboratory">Somerset House Laboratory</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Somerset House Laboratory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1842, the Excise Office had established a laboratory within its <a href="/wiki/Old_Broad_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Broad Street">Broad Street</a> headquarters for the prevention of the adulteration of <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> products. It had started as basically a one-man operation by an employee of the Excise, George Phillips. After the Excise Office had been merged with the Office of Stamps and Taxes to form the Inland Revenue, the latter took over the laboratory; by 1858 it was reestablished in Somerset House as the Inland Revenue Laboratory (with Phillips remaining in charge). It was also known as the Somerset House Laboratory. Under the <a href="/wiki/Inland_Revenue" title="Inland Revenue">Inland Revenue</a>, the Laboratory's work expanded to encompass the testing of many different substances, including food, beer and spirits, as well as tobacco.<sup id="cite_ref-Grace'sGuide_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grace'sGuide-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Phillips retired as principal chemist in 1874. James Bell was then the principal chemist of Somerset House Laboratory until his retirement in 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was replaced as principal chemist by Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edward_Thorpe" title="Thomas Edward Thorpe">Thomas Edward Thorpe</a>. At the same time, the laboratory was amalgamated with a similar facility that had been established within HM Customs and it was renamed the <a href="/wiki/Laboratory_of_the_Government_Chemist" class="mw-redirect" title="Laboratory of the Government Chemist">Government Laboratory</a>. In 1897, Thorpe moved the Government Laboratory from Somerset House to a new building of his own design.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Registry_of_Births,_Marriages_and_Deaths"><span id="Registry_of_Births.2C_Marriages_and_Deaths"></span>Registry of Births, Marriages and Deaths</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Registry of Births, Marriages and Deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1837, following the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Civil_registration" title="Civil registration">civil registration</a> in the United Kingdom, the <a href="/wiki/Registrar_General_of_Births,_Marriages_and_Deaths" class="mw-redirect" title="Registrar General of Births, Marriages and Deaths">Registrar General of Births, Marriages and Deaths</a> set up his office in the North Wing of Somerset House, establishing a connection that lasted for over 130 years. This office held all <a href="/wiki/Birth_certificate" title="Birth certificate">birth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marriage_certificate" title="Marriage certificate">marriage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Death_certificate" title="Death certificate">death</a> certificates in <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a> until 1970, when the Registry and its associated archives were moved to nearby <a href="/wiki/St_Catherine%27s_House" class="mw-redirect" title="St Catherine's House">St Catherine's House</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aldwych" title="Aldwych">Aldwych</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1859 until 1998, the Principal Registry of the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Probate" title="Court of Probate">Court of Probate</a> (latterly the Principal Probate Registry of the <a href="/wiki/Family_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Family Division">Family Division</a>) was based in Somerset House, prior to its move to First Avenue House, <a href="/wiki/High_Holborn" title="High Holborn">High Holborn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_public_offices">Other public offices</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Other public offices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to the learned societies, the ground floor rooms of the North Wing housed the Hawkers and Pedlars Office (on the west side) and the <a href="/wiki/Hackney_Coach" class="mw-redirect" title="Hackney Coach">Hackney Coach</a> Office, the <a href="/wiki/National_Lottery_(United_Kingdom)#Background" title="National Lottery (United Kingdom)">Lottery</a> Office, the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Seal_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Seal Office">Privy Seal and Signet Offices</a> (on the east side).<sup id="cite_ref-GentsMag1807_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GentsMag1807-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Hackney Coach commissioners had been established on a permanent footing in 1694,<sup id="cite_ref-LMAhackneycarriages_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LMAhackneycarriages-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the Board of Commissioners of <a href="/wiki/Hawker_(trade)" title="Hawker (trade)">Hawkers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pedlars" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedlars">Pedlars</a> and Petty <a href="/wiki/Chapmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapmen">Chapmen</a> dated from 1698;<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the latter was abolished in 1810 and its work taken over by the Hackney Coach Office until its abolition in 1831, whereupon responsibility for licensing both of hackney carriages and of travelling traders passed to the Stamp Office. The Lottery Office, established in 1779, was also abolished in 1831 and its residual business likewise passed to the Stamp Office.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Signet Office was abolished in 1851 and the Privy Seal Office in 1884.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the first occupants of the building had been the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Cornwall" title="Duchy of Cornwall">Duchy of Cornwall</a> Office. It was accommodated in the East Wing along with the Tax Office and various <a href="/wiki/Exchequer" title="Exchequer">Exchequer</a> offices (including the <a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_Pipe" title="Clerk of the Pipe">Pipe Office</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Remembrancer" title="Remembrancer">Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer</a>'s Office and the Office of the Clerk of the <a href="/wiki/Estreat" title="Estreat">Estreats</a>). As early as 1795 the Exchequer was requesting that more space be made available; <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Soane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Soane">Sir John Soane</a> was engaged to redesign their offices, and as part of the scheme the Duchy was relocated to another part of the East Wing, prompting complaints from its officers.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pipe_rolls" title="Pipe rolls">Pipe rolls</a> and other ancient records of the Treasury and Exchequer (which had been moved to Somerset House from the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a> in 1793) remained stored in the basements until the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Public_Record_Office" title="Public Record Office">Public Record Office</a> in 1838.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The office of Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer ceased to exist in 1833 and the Pipe Office was abolished in 1834; however space in Somerset House continued to be at a premium: in 1854 an act of Parliament, the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Cornwall_Office_Act_1854" title="Duchy of Cornwall Office Act 1854">Duchy of Cornwall Office Act 1854</a> (17 & 18 Vict. c. 93), was passed, noting that the Duchy's rooms in Somerset House were now needed "for the use of the Commissioners of Inland Revenue, whose present office is insufficient for the Business thereof, and adjoins the said Office of the Duchy of Cornwall". The act provided for the Duchy Office to move to new, purpose-built premises in <a href="/wiki/Pimlico" title="Pimlico">Pimlico</a>: now known as 10 <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Gate" title="Buckingham Gate">Buckingham Gate</a>, the building still serves as head office for the Duchy.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1785 the <a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(United_Kingdom)#History" title="National Audit Office (United Kingdom)">Commissioners for Auditing Public Accounts</a> were also housed in the East Wing,<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as was the Duchy of Lancaster Office (having moved there from accommodation in <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Inn" title="Gray's Inn">Gray's Inn</a>) until it moved in 1823 to new offices across the road in <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Place" title="Lancaster Place">Lancaster Place</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Surveyor_General_of_the_Land_Revenues_of_the_Crown" title="Surveyor General of the Land Revenues of the Crown">Surveyor of Crown Lands</a> also had his office here until the early 19th century. The Salt Office initially occupied rooms in the West Wing, alongside the naval offices, but it was abolished in 1798 (administration of the <a href="/wiki/Salt_tax" title="Salt tax">salt tax</a> having been transferred to the Board of Excise).<sup id="cite_ref-GentsMag1807_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GentsMag1807-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 19th century the North Wing contained, in addition, the offices of the <a href="/wiki/Poor_Law_Commissioners" class="mw-redirect" title="Poor Law Commissioners">Poor Law Commissioners</a> (1834–47)<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Tithe_Commutation_Act_1836" class="mw-redirect" title="Tithe Commutation Act 1836">Tithe Commissioners</a> (1836–51),<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who also acted as the <a href="/wiki/Copyhold" title="Copyhold">Copyhold</a> Commissioners.<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th-century_expansion">19th-century expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 19th-century expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House_New_Wing_entrance.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Somerset_House_New_Wing_entrance.jpg/240px-Somerset_House_New_Wing_entrance.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Somerset_House_New_Wing_entrance.jpg/360px-Somerset_House_New_Wing_entrance.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Somerset_House_New_Wing_entrance.jpg/480px-Somerset_House_New_Wing_entrance.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3018" data-file-height="4527" /></a><figcaption>Part of the New Wing (main entrance facing <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_Place" title="Lancaster Place">Lancaster Place</a>), built in the 1850s.</figcaption></figure> <p>Magnificent as the new building was, it was something short of what Chambers had intended, for he had planned for an additional terrace of houses to the east, as well as to the west of the <a href="/wiki/Quadrangle_(architecture)" title="Quadrangle (architecture)">quadrangle</a>; work had stopped short, however, cost being the inhibiting factor. Eventually <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a> was erected to the east (the government granting the land on condition that the design conformed to Chambers' original design) by subscription between 1829 and 1834;<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the architect was Sir <a href="/wiki/Robert_Smirke_(architect)" title="Robert Smirke (architect)">Robert Smirke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, as part of Smirke's scheme, the eastern third of the river frontage was completed, following Chambers's original design.<sup id="cite_ref-Newman1990_28-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newman1990-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Then, increasing demand for space led to another and last step. The western edge of the site was occupied by a row of houses used as dwellings for <a href="/wiki/British_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="British Admiralty">Admiralty</a> officials who worked in the South Wing. Between 1851 and 1856, this terrace was substantially expanded and remodelled to provide the Inland Revenue with an entire new wing of additional office accommodation. As part of this development, its architect <a href="/wiki/James_Pennethorne" title="James Pennethorne">James Pennethorne</a> created a monumental new façade alongside the approach road to Waterloo Bridge (which had not been in existence when Chambers was alive).<sup id="cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 150 years later this part of the building is still known as the "<i>New</i> Wing".<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1891 a headquarters building was constructed in the West Court (between the West Wing and the New Wing) for the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27_Own_Civil_Service_Rifles" title="Prince of Wales' Own Civil Service Rifles">Civil Service Rifles</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Volunteer_Force" title="Volunteer Force">Rifle Volunteer Corps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th-century_modifications">20th-century modifications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 20th-century modifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Civil_Service_Rifles_Memorial,_front_(3,_cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Civil_Service_Rifles_Memorial%2C_front_%283%2C_cropped%29.jpg/170px-Civil_Service_Rifles_Memorial%2C_front_%283%2C_cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Civil_Service_Rifles_Memorial%2C_front_%283%2C_cropped%29.jpg/255px-Civil_Service_Rifles_Memorial%2C_front_%283%2C_cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Civil_Service_Rifles_Memorial%2C_front_%283%2C_cropped%29.jpg/340px-Civil_Service_Rifles_Memorial%2C_front_%283%2C_cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1553" data-file-height="2920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Civil_Service_Rifles_War_Memorial" title="Civil Service Rifles War Memorial">Civil Service Rifles War Memorial</a>: installed in the main courtyard in 1919, relocated to the Terrace in 2002.</figcaption></figure> <p>By the start of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a> the Civil Service Rifles, by then renamed the 15th (Prince of Wales' Own Civil Service Rifles) Battalion, The <a href="/wiki/London_Regiment_(1908%E2%80%931938)" title="London Regiment (1908–1938)">London Regiment</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> had its own Morris tube firing range (where the calibre of the rifle is reduced for indoor operation by a use of a tube) fitted with vanishing and running targets at Somerset House.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Somerset House had its share of trials and tribulations during the <a href="/wiki/London_blitz" class="mw-redirect" title="London blitz">London blitz</a> in the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>. Apart from comparatively minor blast effects at various times, sixteen rooms and the handsome rotunda staircase (the Nelson Stair) were completely destroyed in the South Wing, and a further 27 damaged in the West Wing by a direct hit in October 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-onping_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onping-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Still more windows were shattered and balustrades toppled, but the worst was over by the end of May 1941. It was not until the 1950s that this damage to the South Wing was repaired. The work required skilled masons, whose services were hard to come by in the early post-war years. Sir <a href="/wiki/Albert_Richardson_(architect)" title="Albert Richardson (architect)">Albert Richardson</a> was appointed architect for the reconstruction. He skillfully recreated the Nelson Room and rebuilt the Nelson Stair. The work was completed in 1952 at a cost of (then) £84,000.<sup id="cite_ref-onping_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-onping-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United Kingdom legislation</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vevent mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size:100%"><span style="font-size:125%">Somerset House Act 1984</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight: bold;">Act of Parliament</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg/140px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg/210px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg/280px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%28variant_1%2C_1952-2022%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1550" /></span></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Short_and_long_titles" title="Short and long titles">Long title</a></th><td class="infobox-data description">An Act to confer leasing powers on the Crown in respect of the Fine Rooms and other parts of Somerset House with a view to their use for artistic, cultural or other purposes.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Citation_of_United_Kingdom_legislation" title="Citation of United Kingdom legislation">Citation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_acts_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom_from_1984" title="List of acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1984">1984</a> c. 21</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;">Dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></th><td class="infobox-data">26 June 1984</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="background-color: #ccffcc;">Status: Current legislation</div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/21/contents/enacted">Text of statute as originally enacted</a></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/id?title=Somerset+House+Act+1984">Text of the Somerset House Act 1984</a> as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from <a href="/wiki/Legislation.gov.uk" title="Legislation.gov.uk">legislation.gov.uk</a>.</th></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1984 the <b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="Somerset_House_Act_1984"></span><span class="vanchor-text">Somerset House Act 1984</span></span></b> (c. 21) was passed, legislating the way for Somerset House to be redeveloped as a centre for the arts. In 1997 the Somerset House Trust was established as a <a href="/wiki/Charitable_organization" title="Charitable organization">registered charity</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to maintain the building and develop it as a centre for arts and culture.<sup id="cite_ref-SHT2014-15_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHT2014-15-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 20th century the building began to be reinvigorated as a centre for the visual arts. The first institution to move in (in 1989) was the <a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Gallery" title="Courtauld Gallery">Courtauld Gallery</a>, which has an important collection of <a href="/wiki/Old_master" class="mw-redirect" title="Old master">old master</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Impressionist">impressionist</a> paintings. The Courtauld occupies the North Wing.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 85">: 85 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st-century_redevelopment">21st-century redevelopment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 21st-century redevelopment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House,_London_(46807652264).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Somerset_House%2C_London_%2846807652264%29.jpg/310px-Somerset_House%2C_London_%2846807652264%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="310" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Somerset_House%2C_London_%2846807652264%29.jpg/465px-Somerset_House%2C_London_%2846807652264%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Somerset_House%2C_London_%2846807652264%29.jpg/620px-Somerset_House%2C_London_%2846807652264%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5147" data-file-height="3087" /></a><figcaption>The dancing fountains were installed in the 1990s.</figcaption></figure> <p>The main courtyard, which had been used as a Civil Service car park, and the main terrace overlooking the Thames were refurbished and opened to the public, these alterations being overseen by the conservation architects <a href="/wiki/Donald_Insall_%26_Associates" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Insall & Associates">Donald Insall & Associates</a>. Grants from the <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Lottery_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage Lottery Fund">Heritage Lottery Fund</a> financed the conversion of the South Wing between 1999 and 2003: a visitor centre featuring audio-visual displays on the history of the building, the gilded state barge of the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_the_City_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Mayor of the City of London">Lord Mayor of the City of London</a> and a shop and café were opened, overlooking the river. The <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Collection" title="Gilbert Collection">Gilbert Collection</a> of decorative arts, and the <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Rooms" title="Hermitage Rooms">Hermitage Rooms</a>, which staged exhibitions of items loaned from the <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Museum" title="Hermitage Museum">Hermitage Museum</a> in Saint Petersburg, moved into the same area.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last Hermitage exhibition took place in 2007 and the Gilbert Collection galleries closed in 2008; the collection moved into new galleries at the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a> in June 2009. Somerset House now puts on a programme of art exhibitions, drawing on various sources.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In stages from 2009 to 2013, HM Revenue and Customs withdrew from the other parts of the building; since March 2013 the Somerset House Trust has had oversight of the entire complex. Its management policy has been to rent out the upper floors at a commercial rate to "creative businesses", while devoting the ground floor to "public realm" activities. The trust receives no public subsidy and relies on income from rent and private hire to fund the upkeep of the estate and relies on ticket sales, merchandising and sponsorship to fund its artistic and cultural programme.<sup id="cite_ref-SHT2014-15_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHT2014-15-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:01-02-05_New_Year_45.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/01-02-05_New_Year_45.jpg/290px-01-02-05_New_Year_45.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/01-02-05_New_Year_45.jpg/435px-01-02-05_New_Year_45.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/01-02-05_New_Year_45.jpg/580px-01-02-05_New_Year_45.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>The ice-skating rink at Somerset House during Christmas 2004.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the winter the central courtyard is home to a popular open-air <a href="/wiki/Ice_rink" title="Ice rink">ice rink</a>, as seen during the opening credits of the 2003 Christmas-themed film <i><a href="/wiki/Love_Actually" title="Love Actually">Love Actually</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At other times, 55 vertical jets of water rise to random heights from an array of fountains.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mogwailive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Mogwailive.jpg/290px-Mogwailive.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Mogwailive.jpg/435px-Mogwailive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Mogwailive.jpg/580px-Mogwailive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="1584" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Post-rock" title="Post-rock">post-rock</a> band <a href="/wiki/Mogwai" title="Mogwai">Mogwai</a> playing live at Somerset House.</figcaption></figure> <p>The courtyard is also used as a concert venue.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July each year the "Summer series" of music events takes place, which has included performances from artists such as <a href="/wiki/Lily_Allen" title="Lily Allen">Lily Allen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 123">: 123 </span></sup> </p><p>Somerset House now has more than a hundred tenants, comprising a large and diverse collection of creative organisations and artists including <a href="/wiki/Dance_Umbrella" title="Dance Umbrella">Dance Umbrella</a>, 7Wonder, <a href="/wiki/Outset_Contemporary_Art_Fund" title="Outset Contemporary Art Fund">Outset Contemporary Art Fund</a>, Hofesh Shechter Company and the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society_of_Literature" title="Royal Society of Literature">Royal Society of Literature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest tenant is <a href="/wiki/King%27s_College_London" title="King's College London">King's College London</a>, whose Cultural Institute, Executive Centre and <a href="/wiki/Dickson_Poon_School_of_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Dickson Poon School of Law">Dickson Poon School of Law</a> occupy the East Wing, which is adjacent to its historic <a href="/wiki/King%27s_Building,_London" title="King's Building, London">College Building</a> of 1831.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Filming_location">Filming location</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Filming location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Somerset House is a popular filming location, with its exterior featuring in several big-budget <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_the_United_States" title="Cinema of the United States">Hollywood</a> films. These include two <a href="/wiki/James_Bond" title="James Bond">James Bond</a> films, <i><a href="/wiki/GoldenEye" title="GoldenEye">GoldenEye</a></i> (1995) and <i><a href="/wiki/Tomorrow_Never_Dies" title="Tomorrow Never Dies">Tomorrow Never Dies</a></i> (1997),<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and several scenes of the 2003 film <i><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Knights" title="Shanghai Knights">Shanghai Knights</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Chan" title="Jackie Chan">Jackie Chan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Owen_Wilson" title="Owen Wilson">Owen Wilson</a>, were filmed in the courtyard of Somerset House.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The courtyard was also used in the 1991 comedy <i><a href="/wiki/King_Ralph" title="King Ralph">King Ralph</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elements of the 2008 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Duchess_(film)" title="The Duchess (film)">The Duchess</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Keira_Knightley" title="Keira Knightley">Keira Knightley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Fiennes" title="Ralph Fiennes">Ralph Fiennes</a>, were filmed in October 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Somerset House was also used as a filming location in several <a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a> films, including 1970's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Private_Life_of_Sherlock_Holmes" title="The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes">The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes</a></i> and, more recently, <i><a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes_(2009_film)" title="Sherlock Holmes (2009 film)">Sherlock Holmes</a></i> (2009), starring <a href="/wiki/Jude_Law" title="Jude Law">Jude Law</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Downey_Jr." title="Robert Downey Jr.">Robert Downey Jr.</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Guy_Ritchie" title="Guy Ritchie">Guy Ritchie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Somerset House was used as the external filming location for <a href="/wiki/Olivia_Newton-John" title="Olivia Newton-John">Olivia Newton-John</a>'s <i>Stranger's Touch</i> video, which featured as part of her <i><a href="/wiki/Olivia_Physical" title="Olivia Physical">Olivia Physical</a></i> video album in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Exterior shots of Somerset House were used in the 1999 <a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> horror film <i><a href="/wiki/Sleepy_Hollow_(film)" title="Sleepy Hollow (film)">Sleepy Hollow</a></i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Depp" title="Johnny Depp">Johnny Depp</a>, and the 2006 film <i><a href="/wiki/Flyboys_(film)" title="Flyboys (film)">Flyboys</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Somerset House was a filming location in the 2012 <a href="/wiki/Bollywood" class="mw-redirect" title="Bollywood">Bollywood</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Jab_Tak_Hai_Jaan" title="Jab Tak Hai Jaan">Jab Tak Hai Jaan</a></i>, which starred <a href="/wiki/Shah_Rukh_Khan" title="Shah Rukh Khan">Shah Rukh Khan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katrina_Kaif" title="Katrina Kaif">Katrina Kaif</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anushka_Sharma" title="Anushka Sharma">Anushka Sharma</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Yash_Chopra" title="Yash Chopra">Yash Chopra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Somerset House Courtyard was also used in the 2008 movie <i><a href="/wiki/Last_Chance_Harvey" title="Last Chance Harvey">Last Chance Harvey</a></i>, with <a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emma_Thompson" title="Emma Thompson">Emma Thompson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scenes were filmed in Somerset House for the <i><a href="/wiki/Olympus_Has_Fallen" title="Olympus Has Fallen">Olympus Has Fallen</a></i> sequel, <i><a href="/wiki/London_Has_Fallen" title="London Has Fallen">London Has Fallen</a></i> (2016).<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Exterior shots of Somerset House stood in for Himmler's HQ in Berlin in the 1976 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Eagle_Has_Landed_(film)" title="The Eagle Has Landed (film)">The Eagle Has Landed</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tunnels under Somerset House have also been used in filming <a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter" title="Harry Potter">Harry Potter</a>, specifically some of scenes depicting 'Diagon Alley'.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Somerset House was also the main location for the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/New_Year_Live" class="mw-redirect" title="New Year Live">New Year Live</a></i> television show, presented by <a href="/wiki/Natasha_Kaplinsky" title="Natasha Kaplinsky">Natasha Kaplinsky</a>, which celebrated the arrival of the year 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fire">Fire</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Fire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 17 August 2024, the <a href="/wiki/London_Fire_Brigade" title="London Fire Brigade">London Fire Brigade</a> responded to a large fire at the location which originated at the building's roof.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building's management said that the fire occurred in the structure's west wing, which did not contain artworks and was instead home to offices and related facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 255px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House_THS_1817_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Somerset House in 1817, showing how the Thames originally flowed directly past the building, before the construction of the Victoria Embankment"><img alt="Somerset House in 1817, showing how the Thames originally flowed directly past the building, before the construction of the Victoria Embankment" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Somerset_House_THS_1817_edited.jpg/250px-Somerset_House_THS_1817_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Somerset_House_THS_1817_edited.jpg/375px-Somerset_House_THS_1817_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Somerset_House_THS_1817_edited.jpg/500px-Somerset_House_THS_1817_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="454" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Somerset House in 1817, showing how the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thames</a> originally flowed directly past the building, before the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Embankment" title="Victoria Embankment">Victoria Embankment</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 255px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SomersetHousebyAnonpublAckermann%26Co1836.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Strand façade of Chambers' Somerset House and the church of St Mary-le-Strand, shown in a view of 1836"><img alt="The Strand façade of Chambers' Somerset House and the church of St Mary-le-Strand, shown in a view of 1836" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/SomersetHousebyAnonpublAckermann%26Co1836.jpg/250px-SomersetHousebyAnonpublAckermann%26Co1836.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/SomersetHousebyAnonpublAckermann%26Co1836.jpg/375px-SomersetHousebyAnonpublAckermann%26Co1836.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/SomersetHousebyAnonpublAckermann%26Co1836.jpg/500px-SomersetHousebyAnonpublAckermann%26Co1836.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="384" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Strand façade of Chambers' Somerset House and the church of <a href="/wiki/St_Mary-le-Strand" class="mw-redirect" title="St Mary-le-Strand">St Mary-le-Strand</a>, shown in a view of 1836</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 255px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Inspection_of_the_Civil_Service_Volunteers_at_Somerset_House_by_the_Prince_of_Wales.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Courtyard view of the South and West wings in 1864."><img alt="Courtyard view of the South and West wings in 1864." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Inspection_of_the_Civil_Service_Volunteers_at_Somerset_House_by_the_Prince_of_Wales.jpg/250px-Inspection_of_the_Civil_Service_Volunteers_at_Somerset_House_by_the_Prince_of_Wales.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Inspection_of_the_Civil_Service_Volunteers_at_Somerset_House_by_the_Prince_of_Wales.jpg/375px-Inspection_of_the_Civil_Service_Volunteers_at_Somerset_House_by_the_Prince_of_Wales.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Inspection_of_the_Civil_Service_Volunteers_at_Somerset_House_by_the_Prince_of_Wales.jpg/500px-Inspection_of_the_Civil_Service_Volunteers_at_Somerset_House_by_the_Prince_of_Wales.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1017" data-file-height="698" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Courtyard view of the South and West wings in 1864.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 255px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset.house.arp.750pix.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The riverfront of Somerset House seen from the Victoria Embankment (2004)."><img alt="The riverfront of Somerset House seen from the Victoria Embankment (2004)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Somerset.house.arp.750pix.jpg/250px-Somerset.house.arp.750pix.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Somerset.house.arp.750pix.jpg/375px-Somerset.house.arp.750pix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Somerset.house.arp.750pix.jpg/500px-Somerset.house.arp.750pix.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The riverfront of Somerset House seen from the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Embankment" title="Victoria Embankment">Victoria Embankment</a> (2004).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 255px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House,_Strand.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Strand façade (2012)."><img alt="The Strand façade (2012)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Somerset_House%2C_Strand.jpg/250px-Somerset_House%2C_Strand.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Somerset_House%2C_Strand.jpg/375px-Somerset_House%2C_Strand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Somerset_House%2C_Strand.jpg/500px-Somerset_House%2C_Strand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="506" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Strand façade (2012).</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 285px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px; height: 255px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Somerset_House_Strand_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Courtyard view of the East and South wings (2016)."><img alt="Courtyard view of the East and South wings (2016)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Somerset_House_Strand_London.jpg/250px-Somerset_House_Strand_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Somerset_House_Strand_London.jpg/375px-Somerset_House_Strand_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Somerset_House_Strand_London.jpg/500px-Somerset_House_Strand_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3506" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Courtyard view of the East and South wings (2016).</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18c-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18c_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somersethouse.org.uk/history/since-the-18th-century">"Since the 18th century"</a>. Somerset House Trust<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Since+the+18th+century&rft.pub=Somerset+House+Trust&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.somersethouse.org.uk%2Fhistory%2Fsince-the-18th-century&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHumphreys,_Rob2003" class="citation book cs1">Humphreys, Rob (2003). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/roughguidetolond00hump"><i>The Rough Guide to London</i></a></span> (5 ed.). Rough Guides Ltd. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/roughguidetolond00hump/page/n634">165</a>–6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1843530937" title="Special:BookSources/1843530937"><bdi>1843530937</bdi></a>. <q>somerset house.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+London&rft.pages=165-6&rft.edition=5&rft.pub=Rough+Guides+Ltd&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1843530937&rft.au=Humphreys%2C+Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Froughguidetolond00hump&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSomerset_House_Trust2010" class="citation cs2">Somerset House Trust (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120629080329/http://www.somersethouse.org.uk/documents/sht_audited_accounts_200910.pdf"><i>Annual Report</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Somerset House Trust, p. 3, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somersethouse.org.uk/documents/sht_audited_accounts_200910.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 29 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2013</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Annual+Report&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Somerset+House+Trust&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Somerset+House+Trust&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.somersethouse.org.uk%2Fdocuments%2Fsht_audited_accounts_200910.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThornbury" class="citation web cs1">Thornbury, Walter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/old-new-london/vol3/pp322-329">"The Victoria Embankment"</a>. <i>British History Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+History+Online&rft.atitle=The+Victoria+Embankment&rft.aulast=Thornbury&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fold-new-london%2Fvol3%2Fpp322-329&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThurley2009" class="citation book cs1">Thurley, Simon; et al. (2009). Etherington-Smith, Meredith (ed.). <i>Somerset House: The History</i>. Somerset House Trust/Cultureshock Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0956266903" title="Special:BookSources/978-0956266903"><bdi>978-0956266903</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+House%3A+The+History&rft.pub=Somerset+House+Trust%2FCultureshock+Media&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0956266903&rft.aulast=Thurley&rft.aufirst=Simon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPollard1897" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Pollard, Albert Frederick (1897). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Seymour, Edward (1506?-1552)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography,_1885-1900/Seymour,_Edward_(1506%3F-1552)">"Seymour, Edward (1506?–1552)" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lee" title="Sidney Lee">Lee, Sidney</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Dictionary of National Biography</a></i>. Vol. 51. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 301.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Seymour%2C+Edward+%281506%3F%E2%80%931552%29&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.place=London&rft.pages=301&rft.pub=Smith%2C+Elder+%26+Co&rft.date=1897&rft.aulast=Pollard&rft.aufirst=Albert+Frederick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScard2017" class="citation web cs1">Scard, Margaret (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historyextra.com/period/tudor/who-decided-edward-seymour-duke-of-somerset-should-be-executed/">"Who decided Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, should be executed?"</a>. <i>History Extra</i>. BBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+Extra&rft.atitle=Who+decided+Edward+Seymour%2C+Duke+of+Somerset%2C+should+be+executed%3F&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Scard&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyextra.com%2Fperiod%2Ftudor%2Fwho-decided-edward-seymour-duke-of-somerset-should-be-executed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStow1598" class="citation book cs1">Stow, John (1598). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/42959/42959-h/42959-h.htm"><i>Survey of London</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/J._M._Dent_and_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="J. M. Dent and Sons">J. M. Dent and Sons</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1548852658" title="Special:BookSources/978-1548852658"><bdi>978-1548852658</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survey+of+London&rft.pub=J.+M.+Dent+and+Sons&rft.date=1598&rft.isbn=978-1548852658&rft.aulast=Stow&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F42959%2F42959-h%2F42959-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Janette Dillon, <i>The Language of Space in Court Performance, 1400–1625</i> (Cambridge, 2010), pp. 83–89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/14260.html">"The Somerset House Conference, 19 August 1604"</a>. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Somerset+House+Conference%2C+19+August+1604&rft.pub=National+Maritime+Museum%2C+Greenwich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollections.rmg.co.uk%2Fcollections%2Fobjects%2F14260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Howard Colvin, <i>History of the King's Works</i>, vol. 4 (London, 1982), p. 255: <a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Everett_Green" title="Mary Anne Everett Green">Mary Anne Everett Green</a>, <i>Calendar State Papers Domestic, James I: 1603–1610</i> (London, 1857), p. 508 citing TNA SP14/45 f.6, 1 May 1609.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jemma_Field" title="Jemma Field">Jemma Field</a>, <i>Anna of Denmark: Material Culture of the Stuart Courts</i> (Manchester, 2020), pp. 56–60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1237102" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1237102?section=official-list-entry">"Early cistern to Old Somerset House, Historic England listing (1237102)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Early+cistern+to+Old+Somerset+House%2C+Historic+England+listing+%281237102%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1237102%3Fsection%3Dofficial-list-entry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leeds Barroll, <i>Anna of Denmark, Queen of England: A Cultural Biography</i> (Philadelphia, 2001), pp. 140–2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Original Letters Relating To The Ecclessiastical Affairs of Scotland</i>, vol. 2 (Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club, 1851), pp. 355–6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Birch & Folkestone Williams, <i>Court and Times of James the First</i>, 2 (London: Colburn, 1849), p. 183.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Nichols, <i>Progresses of James the First</i>, vol. 4 (London, 1828), pp. 1038–40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://londonist.com/2010/03/the_secret_gravestones_beneath_some">"The Secret Gravestones Beneath Somerset House"</a>. Londonist. 26 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Secret+Gravestones+Beneath+Somerset+House&rft.pub=Londonist&rft.date=2010-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flondonist.com%2F2010%2F03%2Fthe_secret_gravestones_beneath_some&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJardine2008" class="citation book cs1">Jardine, Lisa (2008). <i>Going Dutch</i>. Harper Collins. p. 115.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Going+Dutch&rft.pages=115&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Jardine&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLindsay2013" class="citation book cs1">Lindsay, Ivan (2013). <i>The History of Loot and Stolen Art: from Antiquity until the Present Day</i>. Unicorn Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1906509217" title="Special:BookSources/978-1906509217"><bdi>978-1906509217</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Loot+and+Stolen+Art%3A+from+Antiquity+until+the+Present+Day&rft.pub=Unicorn+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1906509217&rft.aulast=Lindsay&rft.aufirst=Ivan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bedloe,_William" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bedloe, William">Bedloe, William</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bedloe%2C+William&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CLA1775-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CLA1775_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Crown Lands Act 1775 (<a href="/wiki/15_Geo._3" class="mw-redirect" title="15 Geo. 3">15 Geo. 3</a>. c. 33)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660–1851 by Rupert Gunnisp.129</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/15_Geo._3" class="mw-redirect" title="15 Geo. 3">15 Geo. 3</a>. c. 33: An Act for settling Buckingham House, with the Appurtenances, upon the Queen, in case she should survive His Majesty, in lieu of His Majesty's Palace of <i>Somerset House</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/lords-jrnl/vol34/pp464-482">"House of Lords Journal Volume 34: May 1775, 21–31"</a>. <i>Journal of the House of Lords Volume 34, 1774–1776 (London, 1767–1830)</i>. British History Online. pp. 464–482<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+House+of+Lords+Volume+34%2C+1774%E2%80%931776+%28London%2C+1767%E2%80%931830%29&rft.atitle=House+of+Lords+Journal+Volume+34%3A+May+1775%2C+21%E2%80%9331&rft.pages=464-482&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Flords-jrnl%2Fvol34%2Fpp464-482&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SHGuideBook-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHGuideBook_26-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF(London)2018" class="citation book cs1">(London), Somerset House (2018). <i>Somerset House: Guide Book</i>. Somerset House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-9996154-1-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-9996154-1-3"><bdi>978-1-9996154-1-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+House%3A+Guide+Book&rft.pub=Somerset+House&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-9996154-1-3&rft.aulast=%28London%29&rft.aufirst=Somerset+House&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shand-Tucci, Douglass. <i>Built in Boston: City and Suburb, 1800–2000</i>, p. 6. Amherst: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Massachusetts_Press" title="University of Massachusetts Press">University of Massachusetts Press</a>, 1999. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55849-201-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-55849-201-1">1-55849-201-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Newman1990-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Newman1990_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newman1990_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newman1990_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newman1990_28-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Newman1990_28-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewmanHornak1990" class="citation book cs1">Newman, John; Hornak, Angelo (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/somersethousespl00newm"><i>Somerset House: splendour and order</i></a></span>. London: Scala Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781870248600" title="Special:BookSources/9781870248600"><bdi>9781870248600</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+House%3A+splendour+and+order&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Scala+Books&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9781870248600&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Hornak%2C+Angelo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsomersethousespl00newm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NeedhamWebster1906-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NeedhamWebster1906_29-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeedhamWebster1906" class="citation book cs1">Needham, Raymond; Webster, Alexander (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/somersethousepas00need/page/190"><i>Somerset House: Past & Present</i></a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/E._P._Dutton_%26_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="E. P. Dutton & Co.">E. P. Dutton & Co.</a><span class="reference-accessdate"> Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Somerset+House%3A+Past+%26+Present&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=E.+P.+Dutton+%26+Co.&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Needham&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.au=Webster%2C+Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsomersethousepas00need%2Fpage%2F190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SH-history-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SH-history_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SH-history_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SH-history_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SH-history_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.somersethouse.org.uk/history">"History"</a>. <i>Somerset House</i>. 24 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Somerset+House&rft.atitle=History&rft.date=2016-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.somersethouse.org.uk%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brewer1821-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brewer1821_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrewer1821" class="citation book cs1">Brewer, James Norris (1821). <i>A Descriptive and Historical Account of Various Palaces and Public Buildings</i>. London: William Gilling.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Descriptive+and+Historical+Account+of+Various+Palaces+and+Public+Buildings&rft.place=London&rft.pub=William+Gilling&rft.date=1821&rft.aulast=Brewer&rft.aufirst=James+Norris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Millar-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Millar_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMillar,_William2016" class="citation book cs1">Millar, William (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tQoHDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA583"><i>Plastering: Plain and Decorative</i></a>. Routledge. p. 583. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-74168-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-74168-8"><bdi>978-1-317-74168-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plastering%3A+Plain+and+Decorative&rft.pages=583&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-317-74168-8&rft.au=Millar%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtQoHDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA583&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art-artists/work-of-art/design">"Design, 1778–80, Angelica Kauffman RA (1741–1807)"</a>. Royal Academy<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Design%2C+1778%E2%80%9380%2C+Angelica+Kauffman+RA+%281741%E2%80%931807%29&rft.pub=Royal+Academy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalacademy.org.uk%2Fart-artists%2Fwork-of-art%2Fdesign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historytoday.com/sonia-lipman/strand-block-somerset-house-1780-1836-part-ii">"The Strand Block of Somerset House, 1780–1836: Part II"</a>. <i>History Today</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+Today&rft.atitle=The+Strand+Block+of+Somerset+House%2C+1780%E2%80%931836%3A+Part+II&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historytoday.com%2Fsonia-lipman%2Fstrand-block-somerset-house-1780-1836-part-ii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/history">"History"</a>. <i>The Geological Society</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Geological+Society&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geolsoc.org.uk%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ras.org.uk/about-the-ras/a-brief-history">"A brief history of the RAS"</a>. <i>Royal Astronomical Society</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Astronomical+Society&rft.atitle=A+brief+history+of+the+RAS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ras.org.uk%2Fabout-the-ras%2Fa-brief-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/organization.php?id=msib4_1267714397">"Government School of Design (London)"</a>. Mapping Sculpture<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Government+School+of+Design+%28London%29&rft.pub=Mapping+Sculpture&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsculpture.gla.ac.uk%2Fview%2Forganization.php%3Fid%3Dmsib4_1267714397&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/142132.html">"Somerset House looking East"</a>. <i>Royal Museums Greenwich</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Royal+Museums+Greenwich&rft.atitle=Somerset+House+looking+East&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcollections.rmg.co.uk%2Fcollections%2Fobjects%2F142132.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoad2013" class="citation book cs1">Coad, Jonathan (2013). <i>Support for the Fleet</i>. English Heritage.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Support+for+the+Fleet&rft.pub=English+Heritage&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Coad&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mebden.altervista.org/images/londonJul12/09%20Somerset%20House%20stairs.jpg">"Information panel"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Information+panel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mebden.altervista.org%2Fimages%2FlondonJul12%2F09%2520Somerset%2520House%2520stairs.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1842/mar/21/the-income-tax">"The Income Tax"</a>. Hansard. 21 March 1842<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Income+Tax&rft.pub=Hansard&rft.date=1842-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.parliament.uk%2Fhistoric-hansard%2Fcommons%2F1842%2Fmar%2F21%2Fthe-income-tax&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1980" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Graham (1980). <i>Something to Declare: 1000 years of Customs & Excise</i>. London: Harrap & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Something+to+Declare%3A+1000+years+of+Customs+%26+Excise&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Harrap+%26+Co.&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Graham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SHT2014-15-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SHT2014-15_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHT2014-15_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SHT2014-15_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180329054325/https://www.somersethouse.org.uk/file/1789/download?token=bWbp0ICr">"Annual Report and Accounts 2014–15"</a>. <i>Somerset House Trust</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.somersethouse.org.uk/file/1789/download?token=bWbp0ICr">the original</a> on 29 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Somerset+House+Trust&rft.atitle=Annual+Report+and+Accounts+2014%E2%80%9315&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.somersethouse.org.uk%2Ffile%2F1789%2Fdownload%3Ftoken%3DbWbp0ICr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grace'sGuide-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grace'sGuide_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Laboratory_of_the_Government_Chemist">"Laboratory of the Government Chemist"</a>. <i>Grace's Guide to British Industrial History</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grace%27s+Guide+to+British+Industrial+History&rft.atitle=Laboratory+of+the+Government+Chemist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gracesguide.co.uk%2FLaboratory_of_the_Government_Chemist&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6owCAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA539">"obit. Dr. James Bell, C.B., F.R.S."</a> <i>Nature</i>. <b>77</b> (2006): 539–540. 9 April 1908. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F077539a0">10.1038/077539a0</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=obit.+Dr.+James+Bell%2C+C.B.%2C+F.R.S.&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=2006&rft.pages=539-540&rft.date=1908-04-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F077539a0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6owCAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA539&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Thomas_Edward_Thorpe">"Thomas Edward Thorpe"</a>. Grace's Guide<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thomas+Edward+Thorpe&rft.pub=Grace%27s+Guide&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gracesguide.co.uk%2FThomas_Edward_Thorpe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vitalcertificates.co.uk/st-catherines-house.html#.W0ppLdJKgdU">"St. Catherine's House"</a>. Vital Certificates<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Catherine%27s+House&rft.pub=Vital+Certificates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vitalcertificates.co.uk%2Fst-catherines-house.html%23.W0ppLdJKgdU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C4272943">"Somerset House: Court of Probate. Elevation of New Principal Registry"</a>. <i>National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Somerset+House%3A+Court+of+Probate.+Elevation+of+New+Principal+Registry.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2FC4272943&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GentsMag1807-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GentsMag1807_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GentsMag1807_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrban1807" class="citation journal cs1">Urban, Sylvanus (1807). "Somerset House". <i>The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle</i>. <b>77</b>: 545.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Gentleman%27s+Magazine+and+Historical+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Somerset+House&rft.volume=77&rft.pages=545&rft.date=1807&rft.aulast=Urban&rft.aufirst=Sylvanus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LMAhackneycarriages-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LMAhackneycarriages_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160401063326/http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/london-metropolitan-archives/visitor-information/Documents/46-vehicle-registration-and-licensing-records.pdf">"Vehicle registration and licensing records"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>London Metropolitan Archives</i>. Corporation of London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/london-metropolitan-archives/visitor-information/Documents/46-vehicle-registration-and-licensing-records.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 1 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=London+Metropolitan+Archives&rft.atitle=Vehicle+registration+and+licensing+records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityoflondon.gov.uk%2Fthings-to-do%2Flondon-metropolitan-archives%2Fvisitor-information%2FDocuments%2F46-vehicle-registration-and-licensing-records.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180404201640/http://www.pedlars.info/history/84-1697-act.pdf">"Pedlars Act 1697"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pedlars.info/history/84-1697-act.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pedlars+Act+1697&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pedlars.info%2Fhistory%2F84-1697-act.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C1027">"Lottery Office records"</a>. <i>National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Lottery+Office+records&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2FC1027&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C237">"Records of the Keeper of the Privy Seal"</a>. <i>National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Records+of+the+Keeper+of+the+Privy+Seal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2FC237&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collections.soane.org/drawings?ci_search_type=ARCI&mi_search_type=adv&sort=7&tn=Drawings&t=SCHEME1292">"London: Somerset House, Lords Commissioners of the Treasury: designs for alterations to offices, 1795"</a>. <i>Sir John Soane's Museum Collection online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sir+John+Soane%27s+Museum+Collection+online&rft.atitle=London%3A+Somerset+House%2C+Lords+Commissioners+of+the+Treasury%3A+designs+for+alterations+to+offices%2C+1795&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcollections.soane.org%2Fdrawings%3Fci_search_type%3DARCI%26mi_search_type%3Dadv%26sort%3D7%26tn%3DDrawings%26t%3DSCHEME1292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper1837" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, C.P., ed. (1837). <i>Evidence ... before the Select Committee of the House of Commons, appointed 'to inquire into the management of the Record Commission and the present state of the records of the United Kingdom'<span></span></i>. London: House of Commons. p. 205.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Evidence+...+before+the+Select+Committee+of+the+House+of+Commons%2C+appointed+%27to+inquire+into+the+management+of+the+Record+Commission+and+the+present+state+of+the+records+of+the+United+Kingdom%27&rft.place=London&rft.pages=205&rft.pub=House+of+Commons&rft.date=1837&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.architecture.com/image-library/ribapix/image-information/poster/office-of-the-duchy-of-cornwall-buckingham-gate-pimlico-london/posterid/RIBA16978.html">"Office of the Duchy of Cornwall, Buckingham Gate, Pimlico, London"</a> (architectural drawing), RIBA.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C83">"Records of the Duchy of Lancaster"</a>. <i>National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Records+of+the+Duchy+of+Lancaster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2FC83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/poverty-poor-laws/#8-records-of-the-poor-law-commission-poor-law-board-and-poor-law-department-of-the-local-government-board">"Records of the Poor Law Commission, Poor Law Board and Poor Law Department of the Local Government Board"</a>. <i>National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Records+of+the+Poor+Law+Commission%2C+Poor+Law+Board+and+Poor+Law+Department+of+the+Local+Government+Board&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fhelp-with-your-research%2Fresearch-guides%2Fpoverty-poor-laws%2F%238-records-of-the-poor-law-commission-poor-law-board-and-poor-law-department-of-the-local-government-board&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C8933824">"Somerset House. Tithe Commission Office. Plans & Elevation Of the Proposed Additions"</a>. <i>National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Somerset+House.+Tithe+Commission+Office.+Plans+%26+Elevation+Of+the+Proposed+Additions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2FC8933824&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kcl.ac.uk/newsevents/news/newsrecords/2015/April/Westminster-City-Council-resolves-to-grant-planning-permission-for-Strand-campus-redevelopment.aspx">"Westminster City Council resolves to grant planning permission for Strand redevelopment"</a>. 23 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Westminster+City+Council+resolves+to+grant+planning+permission+for+Strand+redevelopment&rft.date=2015-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kcl.ac.uk%2Fnewsevents%2Fnews%2Fnewsrecords%2F2015%2FApril%2FWestminster-City-Council-resolves-to-grant-planning-permission-for-Strand-campus-redevelopment.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.somersethouse.org.uk/resident-opportunities/new-wing">"New Wing"</a>. Somerset House<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Wing&rft.pub=Somerset+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.somersethouse.org.uk%2Fresident-opportunities%2Fnew-wing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C4272984">"Somerset House: West Court – Civil Service Volunteers Building"</a>. <i>National Archives</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Somerset+House%3A+West+Court+%E2%80%93+Civil+Service+Volunteers+Building&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2FC4272984&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180715011730/https://wartimememoriesproject.com/greatwar/allied/alliedarmy-view.php?pid=719">"15th (Prince of Wales' Own Civil Service Rifles) Battalion, The London Regiment"</a>. Wartime memories. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wartimememoriesproject.com/greatwar/allied/alliedarmy-view.php?pid=719">the original</a> on 15 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=15th+%28Prince+of+Wales%27+Own+Civil+Service+Rifles%29+Battalion%2C+The+London+Regiment&rft.pub=Wartime+memories&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwartimememoriesproject.com%2Fgreatwar%2Fallied%2Falliedarmy-view.php%3Fpid%3D719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.steppingforwardlondon.org/city-of-westminster.html">"City of Westminster"</a>. Stepping Forward<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Westminster&rft.pub=Stepping+Forward&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.steppingforwardlondon.org%2Fcity-of-westminster.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drillhalls.org/Anatomy.htm">"The Anatomy of a Drill Hall"</a>. The Drill Hall Project<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Anatomy+of+a+Drill+Hall&rft.pub=The+Drill+Hall+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.drillhalls.org%2FAnatomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-onping-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-onping_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-onping_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stephenongpin.com/PrintObjectPdf/index?objectID=790453">"Plan for the Reconstruction of the South Wing of Somerset House, London"</a>. Stephen Onping Fine Art<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Plan+for+the+Reconstruction+of+the+South+Wing+of+Somerset+House%2C+London&rft.pub=Stephen+Onping+Fine+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stephenongpin.com%2FPrintObjectPdf%2Findex%3FobjectID%3D790453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharity_Commission1063640" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk/charity-details/?regId=1063640&subId=0">"<i>SOMERSET HOUSE TRUST, registered charity no. 1063640</i>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charity_Commission_for_England_and_Wales" title="Charity Commission for England and Wales">Charity Commission for England and Wales</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOMERSET+HOUSE+TRUST%2C+registered+charity+no.+1063640&rft.pub=Charity+Commission+for+England+and+Wales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregister-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk%2Fcharity-details%2F%3FregId%3D1063640%26subId%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130620172403/http://www.culturalinnovations.com/project_hrsc.html">"Hermitage Rooms at Somerset House"</a>. Cultural Innovations. 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.culturalinnovations.com/project_hrsc.html">the original</a> on 20 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hermitage+Rooms+at+Somerset+House&rft.pub=Cultural+Innovations&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.culturalinnovations.com%2Fproject_hrsc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130217130219/http://www.timeout.com/london/popular-venues/somerset-house">"Somerset House"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)" title="Time Out (magazine)">Time Out London</a></i>. 10 July 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeout.com/london/popular-venues/somerset-house">the original</a> on 17 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Out+London&rft.atitle=Somerset+House&rft.date=2018-07-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.com%2Flondon%2Fpopular-venues%2Fsomerset-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/london/hi/things_to_do/newsid_8377000/8377336.stm">"The Big Skate: outdoor ice rinks in London"</a>. BBC. 25 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Big+Skate%3A+outdoor+ice+rinks+in+London&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2009-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2Flocal%2Flondon%2Fhi%2Fthings_to_do%2Fnewsid_8377000%2F8377336.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Humphreys (2003), p. 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somersethouse.org.uk/music/default.asp">Somerset House – Music</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080619030957/http://www.somersethouse.org.uk/music/default.asp">Archived</a> 19 June 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.somersethouse.org.uk/residents">"Residents"</a>. <i>Somerset House</i>. 29 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Somerset+House&rft.atitle=Residents&rft.date=2016-08-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.somersethouse.org.uk%2Fresidents&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/Refurbishment%20Resource%20Efficiency%20Case%20Study_Education%20and%20Science_Somerset%20House.pdf">"Restoration of a Grade I listed Building"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. WRAP<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Restoration+of+a+Grade+I+listed+Building&rft.pub=WRAP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wrap.org.uk%2Fsites%2Ffiles%2Fwrap%2FRefurbishment%2520Resource%2520Efficiency%2520Case%2520Study_Education%2520and%2520Science_Somerset%2520House.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-qw/Goldeneye-1995">"Goldeneye (1995): Wade's car breaks down"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Goldeneye+%281995%29%3A+Wade%27s+car+breaks+down&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-qw%2FGoldeneye-1995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-1qe/Tomorrow-Never-Dies-1997">"Tomorrow Never Dies (1997)"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tomorrow+Never+Dies+%281997%29&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-1qe%2FTomorrow-Never-Dies-1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-1jo/Shanghai-Knights-2003">"Shanghai Knights (2003): Driving off with Charlie in tow"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shanghai+Knights+%282003%29%3A+Driving+off+with+Charlie+in+tow&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-1jo%2FShanghai-Knights-2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-1jp/Shanghai-Knights-2003">"Shanghai Knights (2003): Final goodbyes"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shanghai+Knights+%282003%29%3A+Final+goodbyes&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-1jp%2FShanghai-Knights-2003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424141211/https://ir-uk.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?t=ukon0f-21&l=ur2&o=2">"Where was <i>King Ralph</i> filmed?"</a>. British Film Locations. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/King-Ralph-1991">the original</a> on 24 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Where+was+King+Ralph+filmed%3F&rft.pub=British+Film+Locations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2FKing-Ralph-1991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-k0/The-Duchess-2008">"Duchess, The (2008): Devonshire House exterior"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Duchess%2C+The+%282008%29%3A+Devonshire+House+exterior&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-k0%2FThe-Duchess-2008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-1ec/The-Private-Life-Of-Sherlock-Holmes-1970">"Private Life Of Sherlock Holmes, The (1970): Diogenes Club exterior"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Private+Life+Of+Sherlock+Holmes%2C+The+%281970%29%3A+Diogenes+Club+exterior&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-1ec%2FThe-Private-Life-Of-Sherlock-Holmes-1970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-1kj/Sherlock-Holmes-2009">"Sherlock Holmes (2009): Pentonville prison – Blackwood's cell"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sherlock+Holmes+%282009%29%3A+Pentonville+prison+%E2%80%93+Blackwood%27s+cell&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-1kj%2FSherlock-Holmes-2009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrant1982" class="citation cs2">Grant, Brian (8 February 1982), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0283520/"><i>Olivia Newton-John: Physical</i></a> (Music), Olivia Newton-John, Matt Lattanzi, John Achorn, Millaney Grant Production, Olivia Newton-John (ONJ)<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Olivia+Newton-John%3A+Physical&rft.pub=Millaney+Grant+Production%2C+Olivia+Newton-John+%28ONJ%29&rft.date=1982-02-08&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0283520%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-1lb/Sleepy-Hollow-1999">"Sleepy Hollow (1999): New York street scenes"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sleepy+Hollow+%281999%29%3A+New+York+street+scenes&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-1lb%2FSleepy-Hollow-1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-ns/Flyboys-2006">"Flyboys (2006): French street scenes"</a>. British-Film-Locations.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flyboys+%282006%29%3A+French+street+scenes&rft.pub=British-Film-Locations.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-film-locations.com%2Fscene-ns%2FFlyboys-2006&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_Baker2012" class="citation web cs1">Steven Baker (23 September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/bollywood/news/a407676/jab-tak-hai-jaan-london-film-locations-revealed.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Jab Tak Hai Jaan' London film locations revealed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Digital_Spy" title="Digital Spy">Digital Spy</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=%27Jab+Tak+Hai+Jaan%27+London+film+locations+revealed&rft.date=2012-09-23&rft.au=Steven+Baker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.co.uk%2Fbollywood%2Fnews%2Fa407676%2Fjab-tak-hai-jaan-london-film-locations-revealed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.london-se1.co.uk/news/view/3319">"Dustin Hoffman and Emma Thompson filming on South Bank"</a>. London SE1. 21 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dustin+Hoffman+and+Emma+Thompson+filming+on+South+Bank&rft.pub=London+SE1&rft.date=2008-05-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.london-se1.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fview%2F3319&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTam2015" class="citation web cs1">Tam, Johnny (8 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roarnews.co.uk/wordpress/?p=17044">"Gerard Butler spotted speeding down Strand in filming of action thriller"</a>. <i>Roar News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roar+News&rft.atitle=Gerard+Butler+spotted+speeding+down+Strand+in+filming+of+action+thriller&rft.date=2015-03-08&rft.aulast=Tam&rft.aufirst=Johnny&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Froarnews.co.uk%2Fwordpress%2F%3Fp%3D17044&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reelstreets.com/films/eagle-has-landed-the/">"The Eagle Has Landed"</a>. Reel Streets<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Eagle+Has+Landed&rft.pub=Reel+Streets&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reelstreets.com%2Ffilms%2Feagle-has-landed-the%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-magician.co.uk/harry-potter-tours.htm">"The Real Diagon Alley – Harry Potter"</a>. <i>www.the-magician.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.the-magician.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+Real+Diagon+Alley+%E2%80%93+Harry+Potter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-magician.co.uk%2Fharry-potter-tours.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150510052559/http://www.pole.co.uk/2012/08/somerset-house-the-portico-room-for-bbc/">"Somerset House, The Portico Room"</a>. Pole Structural Engineers. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pole.co.uk/2012/08/somerset-house-the-portico-room-for-bbc/">the original</a> on 10 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Somerset+House%2C+The+Portico+Room&rft.pub=Pole+Structural+Engineers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pole.co.uk%2F2012%2F08%2Fsomerset-house-the-portico-room-for-bbc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHo2024" class="citation news cs1">Ho, Vivian (17 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/article/2024/aug/17/somerset-house-100-firefighters-tackling-blaze-at-london-gallery">"Somerset House: 100 firefighters tackling blaze at London gallery"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Somerset+House%3A+100+firefighters+tackling+blaze+at+London+gallery&rft.date=2024-08-17&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Vivian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk-news%2Farticle%2F2024%2Faug%2F17%2Fsomerset-house-100-firefighters-tackling-blaze-at-london-gallery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20240817-around-100-firefighters-tackle-blaze-at-historic-london-art-centre">"Around 125 firefighters tackle blaze at historic London art centre"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. 17 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Around+125+firefighters+tackle+blaze+at+historic+London+art+centre&rft.date=2024-08-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20240817-around-100-firefighters-tackle-blaze-at-historic-london-art-centre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelley2024" class="citation news cs1">Melley, Brian (17 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/somerset-house-fire-london-break-dancing-cd890fabd1519d734e894751b4097f96">"Fire breaks out at London's Somerset House, home to priceless works by Van Gogh, Cezanne"</a>. <i>Associated Press</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Fire+breaks+out+at+London%27s+Somerset+House%2C+home+to+priceless+works+by+Van+Gogh%2C+Cezanne&rft.date=2024-08-17&rft.aulast=Melley&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fsomerset-house-fire-london-break-dancing-cd890fabd1519d734e894751b4097f96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASomerset+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Somerset_House" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Somerset House">Somerset House</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.somersethouse.org.uk/">Official website of Somerset House</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="British_royal_residences" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#EEF;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Royal_palaces_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Royal palaces in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Royal_palaces_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Royal palaces in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Royal_palaces_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Royal palaces in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="British_royal_residences" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_royal_residences" title="List of British royal residences">British royal residences</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEF;;width:1%">Official</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_House" title="Clarence House">Clarence House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_Castle" title="Hillsborough Castle">Hillsborough Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace">Holyrood Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Palace" title="Kensington Palace">Kensington Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEF;;width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balmoral_Castle" title="Balmoral Castle">Balmoral Castle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birkhall" title="Birkhall">Birkhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craigowan_Lodge" class="mw-redirect" title="Craigowan Lodge">Craigowan Lodge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatcombe_Park" title="Gatcombe Park">Gatcombe Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highgrove_House" title="Highgrove House">Highgrove House</a></li> <li>Kensington Palace <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivy_Cottage" title="Ivy Cottage">Ivy Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Cottage" title="Nottingham Cottage">Nottingham Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wren_House" title="Wren House">Wren House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llwynywermod" title="Llwynywermod">Llwynywermod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandringham_House" title="Sandringham House">Sandringham House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anmer_Hall" title="Anmer Hall">Anmer Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_Farm" title="Wood Farm">Wood Farm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamarisk,_Isles_of_Scilly" title="Tamarisk, Isles of Scilly">Tamarisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thatched_House_Lodge" title="Thatched House Lodge">Thatched House Lodge</a></li> <li>Windsor <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Cottage" title="Adelaide Cottage">Adelaide Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagshot_Park" title="Bagshot Park">Bagshot Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frogmore_Cottage" title="Frogmore Cottage">Frogmore Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Lodge" title="Royal Lodge">Royal Lodge</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEF;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_royal_residences#Former_royal_residences" title="List of British royal residences">Former royal residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Royal_Palaces" title="Historic Royal Palaces">Historic Royal Palaces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="London_landmarks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:London_landmarks" title="Template:London landmarks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:London_landmarks" title="Template talk:London landmarks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:London_landmarks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:London landmarks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="London_landmarks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> landmarks</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_London" title="Category:Buildings and structures in London">Buildings and<br />structures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Bridges_in_London" title="Category:Bridges in London">Bridges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bridge,_London" title="Albert Bridge, London">Albert Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battersea_Bridge" title="Battersea Bridge">Battersea Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_Bridge" title="Blackfriars Bridge">Blackfriars Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Bridge" title="Chelsea Bridge">Chelsea Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammersmith_Bridge" title="Hammersmith Bridge">Hammersmith Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungerford_Bridge_and_Golden_Jubilee_Bridges" title="Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges">Hungerford Bridge and Golden Jubilee Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_Bridge" title="Lambeth Bridge">Lambeth Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Bridge" title="London Bridge">London Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Bridge,_London" title="Millennium Bridge, London">Millennium Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putney_Bridge" title="Putney Bridge">Putney Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Bridge,_London" title="Richmond Bridge, London">Richmond Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwark_Bridge" title="Southwark Bridge">Southwark Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Bridge" title="Tower Bridge">Tower Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Bridge" title="Vauxhall Bridge">Vauxhall Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Bridge" title="Waterloo Bridge">Waterloo Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Bridge" title="Westminster Bridge">Westminster Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Entertainment_venues_in_London" title="Category:Entertainment venues in London">Entertainment<br />venues</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Cinemas_in_London" title="Category:Cinemas in London">Cinemas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BFI_IMAX" title="BFI IMAX">BFI IMAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire,_Leicester_Square" title="Empire, Leicester Square">Empire, Leicester Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odeon_Luxe_Leicester_Square" title="Odeon Luxe Leicester Square">Odeon Luxe Leicester Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Football stadia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium" title="Wembley Stadium">Wembley Stadium</a> (national stadium)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brentford_Community_Stadium" title="Brentford Community Stadium">Brentford Community Stadium</a> (Brentford)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brisbane_Road" title="Brisbane Road">Brisbane Road</a> (Leyton Orient)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craven_Cottage" title="Craven Cottage">Craven Cottage</a> (Fulham)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Den" title="The Den">The Den</a> (Millwall)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirates_Stadium" title="Emirates Stadium">Emirates Stadium</a> (Arsenal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loftus_Road" title="Loftus Road">Loftus Road</a> (Queens Park Rangers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Stadium" title="London Stadium">London Stadium</a> (West Ham United)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plough_Lane" title="Plough Lane">Plough Lane</a> (AFC Wimbledon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selhurst_Park" title="Selhurst Park">Selhurst Park</a> (Crystal Palace)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamford_Bridge_(stadium)" title="Stamford Bridge (stadium)">Stamford Bridge</a> (Chelsea)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Valley_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Valley (London)">The Valley</a> (Charlton Athletic)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Hotspur_Stadium" title="Tottenham Hotspur Stadium">Tottenham Hotspur Stadium</a> (Tottenham Hotspur)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Sports_venues_in_London" title="Category:Sports venues in London">Other major<br />sports venues</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_England_Lawn_Tennis_and_Croquet_Club" title="All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club">All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Championship_Course" title="The Championship Course">The Championship Course</a> (rowing)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace_National_Sports_Centre" title="Crystal Palace National Sports Centre">Crystal Palace National Sports Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s" title="Lord's">Lord's</a> (cricket)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park" title="Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park">Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Oval" title="The Oval">The Oval</a> (cricket)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twickenham_Stadium" title="Twickenham Stadium">Twickenham Stadium</a> (rugby)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Theatres_in_London" title="Template:Theatres in London">Theatres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelphi_Theatre" title="Adelphi Theatre">Adelphi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Victoria_Theatre" title="Apollo Victoria Theatre">Apollo Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Coliseum" title="London Coliseum">Coliseum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criterion_Theatre" title="Criterion Theatre">Criterion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_Theatre" title="Dominion Theatre">Dominion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_Theatre,_London" title="Lyceum Theatre, London">Lyceum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Vic" title="The Old Vic">Old Vic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Palladium" title="London Palladium">Palladium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Theatre" title="Royal National Theatre">Royal National Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Opera_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Opera House">Royal Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_Globe" title="Shakespeare's Globe">Shakespeare's Globe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_Royal,_Drury_Lane" title="Theatre Royal, Drury Lane">Theatre Royal, Drury Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_Royal_Haymarket" title="Theatre Royal Haymarket">Theatre Royal Haymarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaudeville_Theatre" title="Vaudeville Theatre">Vaudeville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Palace" title="Alexandra Palace">Alexandra Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brixton_Academy" title="Brixton Academy">Brixton Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExCeL_London" title="ExCeL London">ExCeL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammersmith_Apollo" title="Hammersmith Apollo">Hammersmith Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_O2_Arena" title="The O2 Arena">The O2 Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Albert_Hall" title="Royal Albert Hall">Royal Albert Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Festival_Hall" title="Royal Festival Hall">Royal Festival Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wembley_Arena" title="Wembley Arena">Wembley Arena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_Arch" title="Admiralty Arch">Admiralty Arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_England" title="Bank of England">Bank of England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Hall,_London_(Southwark)" title="City Hall, London (Southwark)">City Hall (Southwark)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Hall,_London_(Newham)" title="City Hall, London (Newham)">City Hall (Newham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_Hall,_London" title="County Hall, London">County Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guildhall,_London" title="Guildhall, London">Guildhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_Guards_(building)" title="Horse Guards (building)">Horse Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansion_House,_London" title="Mansion House, London">Mansion House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Bailey" title="Old Bailey">Old Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Westminster" title="Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Courts_of_Justice" title="Royal Courts of Justice">Royal Courts of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_Yard" title="Scotland Yard">Scotland Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIS_Building" title="SIS Building">SIS Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thames_House" title="Thames House">Thames House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Museums_in_London" title="Category:Museums in London">Museums</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Category:Art_museums_and_galleries_in_London" title="Category:Art museums and galleries in London">galleries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_War_Rooms" title="Churchill War Rooms">Churchill War Rooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Gallery" title="Courtauld Gallery">Courtauld Gallery</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cutty_Sark" title="Cutty Sark">Cutty Sark</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Hinde_(1973)" title="Golden Hinde (1973)"><i>Golden Hinde</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guildhall_Art_Gallery" title="Guildhall Art Gallery">Guildhall Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Belfast" title="HMS Belfast">HMS <i>Belfast</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_War_Museum" title="Imperial War Museum">Imperial War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Tussauds" title="Madame Tussauds">Madame Tussauds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_London" title="Museum of London">Museum of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gallery" title="National Gallery">National Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Maritime_Museum" title="National Maritime Museum">National Maritime Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_History_Museum,_London" title="Natural History Museum, London">Natural History Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Arts" title="Royal Academy of Arts">Royal Academy of Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Observatory,_Greenwich" title="Royal Observatory, Greenwich">Royal Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Museum,_London" title="Science Museum, London">Science Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tate_Britain" title="Tate Britain">Tate Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tate_Modern" title="Tate Modern">Tate Modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum" title="Victoria and Albert Museum">Victoria and Albert Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Collection" title="Wallace Collection">Wallace Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_V%26A" title="Young V&A">Young V&A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Religious_buildings_and_structures_in_London" title="Category:Religious buildings and structures in London">Places of worship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Hallows-by-the-Tower" title="All Hallows-by-the-Tower">All Hallows-by-the-Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAPS_Shri_Swaminarayan_Mandir_London" title="BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir London">BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bevis_Marks_Synagogue" title="Bevis Marks Synagogue">Bevis Marks Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_Central_Hall,_Westminster" title="Methodist Central Hall, Westminster">Methodist Central Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Central_Mosque" title="London Central Mosque">Regent's Park Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Clement_Danes" title="St Clement Danes">St Clement Danes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Margaret%27s,_Westminster" title="St Margaret's, Westminster">St Margaret's, Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Martin-in-the-Fields" title="St Martin-in-the-Fields">St Martin-in-the-Fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary-le-Bow" title="St Mary-le-Bow">St Mary-le-Bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwark_Cathedral" title="Southwark Cathedral">Southwark Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster_Cathedral" title="Westminster Cathedral">Westminster Cathedral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Retailing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Shops_in_London" title="Category:Shops in London">Shops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortnum_%26_Mason" title="Fortnum & Mason">Fortnum & Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamleys" title="Hamleys">Hamleys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrods" title="Harrods">Harrods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Nichols" title="Harvey Nichols">Harvey Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchards" title="Hatchards">Hatchards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_(department_store)" title="Liberty (department store)">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jones_(department_store)" title="Peter Jones (department store)">Peter Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfridges,_Oxford_Street" title="Selfridges, Oxford Street">Selfridges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Shopping_centres_in_London" title="Category:Shopping centres in London">Shopping centres</a><br />and markets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borough_Market" title="Borough Market">Borough Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Cross_Shopping_Centre" title="Brent Cross Shopping Centre">Brent Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington_Arcade" title="Burlington Arcade">Burlington Arcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Market" title="Camden Market">Camden Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Arcade" title="Kensington Arcade">Kensington Arcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadenhall_Market" title="Leadenhall Market">Leadenhall Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_New_Change" title="One New Change">One New Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petticoat_Lane_Market" title="Petticoat Lane Market">Petticoat Lane Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Exchange,_London" title="Royal Exchange, London">Royal Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westfield_London" title="Westfield London">Westfield London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westfield_Stratford_City" title="Westfield Stratford City">Westfield Stratford City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Royal_buildings_in_London" title="Category:Royal buildings in London">Royal buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Partly occupied by<br />the royal family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_House" title="Clarence House">Clarence House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Palace" title="Kensington Palace">Kensington Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace" title="St James's Palace">St James's Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Unoccupied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banqueting_House,_Whitehall" class="mw-redirect" title="Banqueting House, Whitehall">Banqueting House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton_Court_Palace" title="Hampton Court Palace">Hampton Court Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Palace" title="Kew Palace">Kew Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Gallery">The Queen's Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Mews" title="Royal Mews">Royal Mews, Buckingham Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Skyscrapers_in_London" title="Category:Skyscrapers in London">Skyscrapers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Canada_Square" title="One Canada Square">One Canada Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Churchill_Place" title="One Churchill Place">One Churchill Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_Canada_Square" title="8 Canada Square">8 Canada Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_Fenchurch_Street" title="20 Fenchurch Street">20 Fenchurch Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/122_Leadenhall_Street" title="122 Leadenhall Street">122 Leadenhall Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadgate_Tower" title="Broadgate Tower">Broadgate Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citigroup_Centre_(London)" title="Citigroup Centre (London)">Citigroup Centre (London)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gherkin" title="The Gherkin">The Gherkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heron_Tower" title="Heron Tower">Heron Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shard" title="The Shard">The Shard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George_Wharf_Tower" title="St George Wharf Tower">St George Wharf Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_42" title="Tower 42">Tower 42</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Memorial" title="Albert Memorial">Albert Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ArcelorMittal_Orbit" title="ArcelorMittal Orbit">ArcelorMittal Orbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Ben" title="Big Ben">Big Ben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cenotaph" title="The Cenotaph">The Cenotaph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra%27s_Needle,_London" title="Cleopatra's Needle, London">Cleopatra's Needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace_transmitting_station" title="Crystal Palace transmitting station">Crystal Palace transmitting station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Eye" title="London Eye">London Eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Wall" title="London Wall">London Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_Arch" title="Marble Arch">Marble Arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Great_Fire_of_London" title="Monument to the Great Fire of London">Monument to the Great Fire of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson%27s_Column" title="Nelson's Column">Nelson's Column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaftesbury_Memorial_Fountain" title="Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain">Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain ("Eros")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thames_Barrier" title="Thames Barrier">Thames Barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Arch" title="Wellington Arch">Wellington Arch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_City_Airport" title="London City Airport">City Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathrow_Airport" title="Heathrow Airport">Heathrow Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackfriars_station" title="Blackfriars station">Blackfriars station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon_Street_station" title="Cannon Street station">Cannon Street station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_railway_station" title="Charing Cross railway station">Charing Cross station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapham_Junction_railway_station" title="Clapham Junction railway station">Clapham Junction station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euston_railway_station" title="Euston railway station">Euston station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenchurch_Street_railway_station" title="Fenchurch Street railway station">Fenchurch Street station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_King%27s_Cross_railway_station" title="London King's Cross railway station">King's Cross station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Street_station" title="Liverpool Street station">Liverpool Street station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Bridge_station" title="London Bridge station">London Bridge station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Paddington_station" title="London Paddington station">Paddington station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Pancras_railway_station" title="St Pancras railway station">St Pancras station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford_station" title="Stratford station">Stratford station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Victoria_station" title="London Victoria station">Victoria station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Waterloo_station" title="London Waterloo station">Waterloo station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Cable_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="London Cable Car">London Cable Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Coach_Station" title="Victoria Coach Station">Victoria Coach Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbican_Estate" title="Barbican Estate">Barbican Estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battersea_Power_Station" title="Battersea Power Station">Battersea Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BT_Tower" title="BT Tower">BT Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Kew Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth_Palace" title="Lambeth Palace">Lambeth Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd%27s_building" title="Lloyd's building">Lloyd's building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Zoo" title="London Zoo">London Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxo_Tower" title="Oxo Tower">Oxo Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithfield_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Smithfield Market">Smithfield Market</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Somerset House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Bartholomew%27s_Hospital" title="St Bartholomew's Hospital">St Bartholomew's Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Parks_and_open_spaces_in_London" title="Parks and open spaces in London">Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Parks_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Parks of London">Royal Parks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bushy_Park" title="Bushy Park">Bushy Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Park" title="Green Park">Green Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Park" title="Greenwich Park">Greenwich Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton_Court_Park" title="Hampton Court Park">Hampton Court Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_London" title="Hyde Park, London">Hyde Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Gardens" title="Kensington Gardens">Kensington Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park" title="Regent's Park">Regent's Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Park" title="Richmond Park">Richmond Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_James%27s_Park" title="St James's Park">St James's Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battersea_Park" title="Battersea Park">Battersea Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgess_Park" title="Burgess Park">Burgess Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapham_Common" title="Clapham Common">Clapham Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Green,_London" title="College Green, London">College Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epping_Forest" title="Epping Forest">Epping Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finsbury_Park" title="Finsbury Park">Finsbury Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnersbury_Park" title="Gunnersbury Park">Gunnersbury Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampstead_Heath" title="Hampstead Heath">Hampstead Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland_Park" title="Holland Park">Holland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Gardens" title="Kew Gardens">Kew Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitcham_Common" title="Mitcham Common">Mitcham Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osterley_Park" title="Osterley Park">Osterley Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Park" title="Trent Park">Trent Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Park,_London" title="Victoria Park, London">Victoria Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandsworth_Common" title="Wandsworth Common">Wandsworth Common</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wimbledon_Common" title="Wimbledon Common">Wimbledon Common</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Squares_in_London" title="Squares in London">Squares</a> and<br />public spaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Covent_Garden" title="Covent Garden">Covent Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_Guards_Parade" title="Horse Guards Parade">Horse Guards Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicester_Square" title="Leicester Square">Leicester Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_Square" title="Parliament Square">Parliament Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccadilly_Circus" title="Piccadilly Circus">Piccadilly Circus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloane_Square" title="Sloane Square">Sloane Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafalgar_Square" title="Trafalgar Square">Trafalgar Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Streets_in_London" title="Category:Streets in London">Streets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldwych" title="Aldwych">Aldwych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Street" title="Baker Street">Baker Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishopsgate" title="Bishopsgate">Bishopsgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bond_Street" title="Bond Street">Bond Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnaby_Street" title="Carnaby Street">Carnaby Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross_Road" title="Charing Cross Road">Charing Cross Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheapside" title="Cheapside">Cheapside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornhill,_London" title="Cornhill, London">Cornhill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark_Street" title="Denmark Street">Denmark Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenchurch_Street" title="Fenchurch Street">Fenchurch Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Street" title="Fleet Street">Fleet Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket,_London" title="Haymarket, London">Haymarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jermyn_Street" title="Jermyn Street">Jermyn Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_High_Street" title="Kensington High Street">Kensington High Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Road" title="King's Road">King's Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_Street,_London" title="Lombard Street, London">Lombard Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mall,_London" title="The Mall, London">The Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrtle_Avenue,_Hounslow" title="Myrtle Avenue, Hounslow">Myrtle Avenue, Hounslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Street" title="Oxford Street">Oxford Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Lane" title="Park Lane">Park Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccadilly" title="Piccadilly">Piccadilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portobello_Road" title="Portobello Road">Portobello Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_Street" title="Regent Street">Regent Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaftesbury_Avenue" title="Shaftesbury Avenue">Shaftesbury Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloane_Street" title="Sloane Street">Sloane Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">Strand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road" title="Tottenham Court Road">Tottenham Court Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Embankment" title="Victoria Embankment">Victoria Embankment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehall" title="Whitehall">Whitehall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_parthenon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/21px-P_parthenon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/32px-P_parthenon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/P_parthenon.svg/42px-P_parthenon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Architecture" title="Portal:Architecture">Architecture</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster,_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/11px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/17px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/22px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="427" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: Geographic <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1344889#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/20011637">Structurae</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/95badbda-3aff-42fd-8b1a-21a9d5bf0046">MusicBrainz place</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Somerset_House&params=51_30_40_N_0_7_4_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°30′40″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°7′4″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.51111°N 0.11778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.51111; -0.11778</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&oldid=1259130489">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&oldid=1259130489</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arts_centres_in_London" title="Category:Arts centres in London">Arts centres in London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Museums_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="Category:Museums in the City of Westminster">Museums in the City of Westminster</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_government_buildings_in_London" title="Category:National government buildings in London">National government buildings in London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Royal_buildings_in_London" title="Category:Royal buildings in London">Royal buildings in London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Courtauld_Institute_of_Art" title="Category:Courtauld Institute of Art">Courtauld Institute of Art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:HM_Revenue_and_Customs" title="Category:HM Revenue and Customs">HM Revenue and Customs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:King%27s_College_London" title="Category:King's College London">King's College London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Houses_completed_in_1796" title="Category:Houses completed in 1796">Houses completed in 1796</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="Category:Grade I listed buildings in the City of Westminster">Grade I listed buildings in the City of Westminster</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grade_I_listed_government_buildings" title="Category:Grade I listed government buildings">Grade I listed government buildings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grade_I_listed_educational_buildings" title="Category:Grade I listed educational buildings">Grade I listed educational buildings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Grade_I_listed_museum_buildings" title="Category:Grade I listed museum buildings">Grade I listed museum buildings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:William_Chambers_buildings" title="Category:William Chambers buildings">William Chambers buildings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Georgian_architecture_in_the_City_of_Westminster" title="Category:Georgian architecture in the City of Westminster">Georgian architecture in the City of Westminster</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Neoclassical_architecture_in_London" title="Category:Neoclassical architecture in London">Neoclassical architecture in London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Headquarters_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Headquarters in the United Kingdom">Headquarters in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1796_establishments_in_England" title="Category:1796 establishments in England">1796 establishments in England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Victoria_Embankment" title="Category:Victoria Embankment">Victoria Embankment</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Strand,_London" title="Category:Strand, London">Strand, London</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anne_of_Denmark" title="Category:Anne of Denmark">Anne of Denmark</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Charlotte_of_Mecklenburg-Strelitz" title="Category:Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz">Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catherine_of_Braganza" title="Category:Catherine of Braganza">Catherine of Braganza</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Henrietta_Maria_of_France" title="Category:Henrietta Maria of France">Henrietta Maria of France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Townhouses_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Townhouses in the United Kingdom">Townhouses in the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2024_fires_in_Europe" title="Category:2024 fires in Europe">2024 fires in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Burned_buildings_and_structures_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Burned buildings and structures in the United Kingdom">Burned buildings and structures in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_incorporating_Cite_DNB_template" title="Category:Articles incorporating Cite DNB template">Articles incorporating Cite DNB template</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_British_English_from_February_2013" title="Category:Use British English from February 2013">Use British English from February 2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_October_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from October 2022">Use dmy dates from October 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Coordinates on Wikidata">Coordinates on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Kartographer_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Kartographer extension">Pages using the Kartographer extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 14:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Somerset_House&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-6z6cl","wgBackendResponseTime":245,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_c0be60bc5be616ec2e2e1105e5f1b48472d86462":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q1344889","properties":{"title":"Somerset House","fill-opacity":0.5,"stroke":"#FF0000","stroke-width":3,"fill":"#606060"}},{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoline","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoline?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q1344889","properties":{"stroke-width":5,"stroke":"#FF0000","title":"Somerset House"}}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.288","walltime":"1.641","ppvisitednodes":{"value":13201,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":260922,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6440,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":320125,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1363.444 1 -total"," 38.12% 519.781 1 Template:Reflist"," 19.91% 271.400 56 Template:Cite_web"," 14.40% 196.342 1 Template:Infobox_building"," 14.02% 191.166 2 Template:Infobox"," 10.25% 139.716 7 Template:Navbox"," 8.64% 117.798 21 Template:Rp"," 8.01% 109.202 21 Template:R/superscript"," 7.79% 106.246 2 Template:Short_description"," 6.24% 85.013 1 Template:Royal_palaces_in_the_United_Kingdom"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.641","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":10900327,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-jvzjn","timestamp":"20241123145912","ttl":637261,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Somerset House","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Somerset_House","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1344889","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1344889","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-02-12T22:56:17Z","dateModified":"2024-11-23T14:59:11Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/45\/The_courtyard_of_Somerset_House%2C_Strand%2C_London_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1601172.jpg","headline":"building on the Strand, London"}</script> </body> </html>