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Johanna J.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Hazel Johanna J."> <meta name="keywords" content="Hazel Johanna J."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Hazel Johanna J."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 43</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Hazel Johanna J.</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Runaway Girl Children and the Reasons: Qualitative Study in Government Girls Home Bangalore</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20Johanna%20J.">Hazel Johanna J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ntailang%20Mary%20Tariang"> Ntailang Mary Tariang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper “Runaway Girl Children and the Reasons: Qualitative Study In Government Girls Home Bangalore” explores the different reasons why children choose this last resort of running away rather than seeking proper help from the authorities. A qualitative study using a purposive sampling method was used to identify the participants based on the objectives. Girl runaway children between the age group of 12-18 years admitted to the Government Girls Home, Bangalore, were chosen for this study. Data was collected through in-depth interviews using semi-structured questions. Thematic analysis has been done using QDA Miner Lite. The main objectives of this study were to identify the reasons behind running away in children, to explore their childhood experiences and future dreams after they leave the Child Care Institution. The findings of this study derived five major themes that have caused the children to run away from their homes. The themes are child maltreatment and dysfunctional families, coerced into adulthood, forced work, adolescent dalliance, and aspirations. As a result, all the themes that emerged here are related to the family in one way or another. In conclusion, it is revealed that interpersonal family conflicts lead to the violation of child rights in so many ways, which in this context leads the child to run away from the comfort of their home. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runaway%20children" title="runaway children">runaway children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dysfunctional%20family" title=" dysfunctional family"> dysfunctional family</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abuse" title=" abuse"> abuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20marriage" title=" child marriage"> child marriage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160227/runaway-girl-children-and-the-reasons-qualitative-study-in-government-girls-home-bangalore" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Protective Custody in Child Protection: Reflection of Residential Care Workers in the Philippines </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20S.%20Cometa-Lamberte">Hazel S. Cometa-Lamberte</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the residential care workers reflections in working with children who were under protective custody and placed in a residential care facility for children. Key informant interviews and focus group discussion were employed in this study to analyze the views of residential care workers on the programs and services and case management system in residential care for children. Results suggest that working in a residential care facility for children needs the interplay of both the worker’s personal and professional values, knowledge and skills in working with children. Analyzing the residential care workers experiences in handling children in residential care facilities is vital for the improvement of the policies, programs and services, the repertoire of techniques and facilitate the creation of a new social work practice framework/model in child protection specifically in residential care facilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20protection" title="child protection">child protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20care" title=" residential care"> residential care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20care%20workers" title=" residential care workers"> residential care workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20workers" title=" social workers"> social workers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106551/protective-custody-in-child-protection-reflection-of-residential-care-workers-in-the-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106551.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Human Smuggling and Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Perihan%20Hazel%20Kaya">Perihan Hazel Kaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20G%C3%B6ktu%C4%9F%20Kaya"> Mustafa Göktuğ Kaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turkey has been a busy destination for immigration and it will always be as it is the geographical and cultural exit door of the East and the entrance door of the West. Among these immigrations, we can see the victims of human trafficking, human smuggling, refugees and those who came here to work and live. Human smuggling, which is one of the movements of illegal immigration, is the specific subject of this work. The fact that our country lies on the transportation destinations between the continents of Asia, Europe and Africa, the crime of human smuggling is highly committed in our country. The aim of the victims of human smuggling is to go to a more developed country to have higher standards of living, to get a better job and to escape from the economic and social instability of their countries. The human smuggling, which has gathered pace due to the improvements in communication and transportation, is not a regional issue and has become one of the most important problems for almost all countries. Accordingly, the reasons, methods and extent of human smuggling will be dealt firstly. Later, it will be studied why Turkey is preffered in human smuggling. Finally, statistical data will be given to show how much human smuggling has gone far in Turkey and the study will be finished with that what is being done and what can be done to prevent it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20smuggling" title="human smuggling">human smuggling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigration" title=" immigration"> immigration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigrator" title=" immigrator"> immigrator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20trafficking" title=" human trafficking"> human trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29407/human-smuggling-and-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Modelling of Rate-Dependent Hysteresis of Polypyrrole Dual Sensing-Actuators for Precise Position Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Schumacher">Johanna Schumacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toribio%20F.%20Otero"> Toribio F. Otero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20H.%20Pascual"> Victor H. Pascual</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bending dual sensing-actuators based on electroactive polymers are faradaic motors meaning the consumed charge determines the actuator’s tip position. During actuation, consumed charges during oxidation and reduction result in different tip positions showing dynamic hysteresis effects with errors up to 25%. For a precise position control of these actuators, the characterization of the hysteresis effect due to irreversible reactions is crucial. Here, the investigation and modelling of dynamic hysteresis effects of polypyrrole-dodezylbenzenesulfonate (PPyDBS) actuators under ambient working conditions are presented. The hysteresis effect is studied for charge consumption at different frequencies and a rate-dependent hysteresis model is derived. The hysteresis model is implemented as closed loop system and is verified experimentally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20sensing-actuator" title="dual sensing-actuator">dual sensing-actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroactive%20polymers" title=" electroactive polymers"> electroactive polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis" title=" hysteresis"> hysteresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=position%20control" title=" position control"> position control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71673/modelling-of-rate-dependent-hysteresis-of-polypyrrole-dual-sensing-actuators-for-precise-position-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Neighbourhood Design for Independent Living of Adults with Intellectual Disability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cate%20MacMillan">Cate MacMillan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20J.%20Stevens"> Nicholas J. Stevens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Rosier"> Johanna Rosier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steven%20Boyd"> Steven Boyd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Choosing where to live is an important decision for anybody, however, this decision is more complex if you are an adult with intellectual disability. Our research asked adults with intellectual disability, parents and carers and disability, housing and built environment decision makers what they considered important in deciding where to live. If medical advances continue to improve the longevity of adults with intellectual disability, many of these adults will outlive their parents. With appropriate community support, and in appropriately designed neighbourhoods, many will be able to live independently. Our research suggests that the key to achieving independent living as an adult with intellectual disability is not so much about the house but the type of neighbourhood and its design. This paper presents the results of interviews and details a practical approach which will better inform urban development decision-makers in establishing safe, inclusive and accessible neighbourhood design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title="inclusion">inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independent%20living" title=" independent living"> independent living</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20disability" title=" intellectual disability"> intellectual disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighbourhoods" title=" neighbourhoods"> neighbourhoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20thinking" title=" systems thinking"> systems thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design%20and%20planning" title=" urban design and planning"> urban design and planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84862/neighbourhood-design-for-independent-living-of-adults-with-intellectual-disability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> Integrating Eye-Tracking Analysis to Enhance Web Usability Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Renny%20Octavia">Johanna Renny Octavia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meliana%20Nurdin"> Meliana Nurdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ignatius%20Kevin%20Kurniawan"> Ignatius Kevin Kurniawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricca%20Aksara"> Ricca Aksara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is widely believed that usability evaluation is necessary to evaluate a website design for further improvement. Traditional methods of usability evaluation have given sufficient insights to reveal usability problems of websites. Eye-tracking analysis has been considered as a useful method that adds a powerful dimension to web usability evaluation. It allows web designers and usability researchers to understand exactly what users do and do not see on a web page, thus disclose more information on web usability and provide a more complete insights on a website design. This paper elaborates on moving beyond traditional methods of web usability evaluation by integrating eye-tracking analysis to enhance the evaluation of website design, and presents three case studies to support this approach. In these case studies, eye movement metrics such as gaze plots and fixation-derived metrics, and user performance data such as task completion times and number of errors were recorded as objective measurements that can inform the necessity for website design improvements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design" title="design">design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eye-tracking" title=" eye-tracking"> eye-tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20evaluation" title=" usability evaluation"> usability evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=website" title=" website"> website</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54471/integrating-eye-tracking-analysis-to-enhance-web-usability-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Usability Evaluation of a Mobile Application to Enhance the Use of Smartphone, by Visually Impaired Users in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Renny%20Octavia">Johanna Renny Octavia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamila%20Okta%20Saarah"> Kamila Okta Saarah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smartphone nowadays is widely used by many people all over the world. However, people with vision impairment may experience difficulties that interfere with the proper usage of the smartphone. In Indonesia, the population of visually impaired is about 13 million people (estimated 285 million people worldwide). There are a number of mobile applications developed to enhance the use of smartphone by visually impaired. This paper discusses the usability evaluation of a mobile application, namely Ray Vision, designed to help visually impaired in using smartphone. A series of usability testing with a number of Indonesian visually impaired revealed 28 usability problems in the mobile application that led to 14 design recommendations. The redesigned application was then re-evaluated through another usability testing series. The results showed that all five usability criteria assessed were increased (usefulness by 13%, effectiveness by 27%, efficiency by 27%, satisfaction by 23%, and learnability by 12%). The System Usability Score (SUS) was also increased by 14.92%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title="mobile application">mobile application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphone" title=" smartphone"> smartphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20evaluation" title=" usability evaluation"> usability evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vision%20impaired" title=" vision impaired"> vision impaired</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57817/usability-evaluation-of-a-mobile-application-to-enhance-the-use-of-smartphone-by-visually-impaired-users-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Using Photo-Elicitation to Explore the Cosmology of Personal Training</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Gray">John Gray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Smith"> Andy Smith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20James"> Hazel James</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the introduction of projects such as GP referral and other medical exercise schemes, there has been a shift in the cosmology underpinning exercise leadership. That is, the knowledge base of exercise leaders, specifically personal trainers, has moved from a cosmology based on aesthetic and physical fitness demands to one requiring interaction with the dominant biomedical model underpinning contemporary medicine. In line with this shift research has demonstrated that personal trainer education has aligned itself to a biotechnological model. However, whilst there is a need to examine exercise as medicine, and consider the role of personal trainers as prescribers of these interventions, the possible issues surrounding the growing medicalization of the exercise cosmology have not been explored. Using a phenomenological methodology, and the novel approach of photo-elicitation, this research examined the practices of successful personal trainers. The findings highlight that a growing focus on an iatro-biological based scientific process of exercise prescription may prove problematical. Through the development of a model of practitioner-based knowledge, it is argued there is a possible growing disconnection between the theoretical basis of exercise science and the working cosmology of exercise practitioners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedicine" title="biomedicine">biomedicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmology" title=" cosmology"> cosmology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20training" title=" personal training"> personal training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photo-elicitation" title=" photo-elicitation"> photo-elicitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44743/using-photo-elicitation-to-explore-the-cosmology-of-personal-training" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Social Affiliation Effects of Technology in 2022</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Goe%C3%9F">Johanna Goeß</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this field study, it is hypothesised that affiliation motivation is relevant to dark terminal technology readiness. The theoretical basis for this work was the TAM 2, focusing on the social process variables and the short-scale technology readiness. Two hypotheses to be tested are the focus of consideration:  H1: The TAM constructs are independently positively related to dark device use. H2: Sense of social belonging is positively related to dark device use.  In this quantitative study, 30 male subjects participated with their dark devices. Using a post-basket exercise, affiliation is manipulated by content items on the website to investigate whether affiliation between computers and people and smartphones and people leads to similar effects as an affiliation between people. The entire scientific study, including the questionnaire, took about 30 minutes. This study contributes to the current literature and draws attention to the fact that male users' terminal devices have an influence in the form of affiliation effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human-computer-interaction" title="human-computer-interaction">human-computer-interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computers" title=" computers"> computers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smartphones" title=" smartphones"> smartphones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=addiction" title=" addiction"> addiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20affiliation%20effects" title=" social affiliation effects"> social affiliation effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TAM%202" title=" TAM 2"> TAM 2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyramid%20of%20needs" title=" pyramid of needs"> pyramid of needs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20actors" title=" social actors"> social actors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152110/social-affiliation-effects-of-technology-in-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Evaluation Synthesis of Private Sector Engagement in International Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valerie%20Habbel">Valerie Habbel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Orth"> Magdalena Orth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Richter"> Johanna Richter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steffen%20Schimko"> Steffen Schimko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cooperation between development actors and the private sector is becoming increasingly important, as it is expected to mobilize additional resources to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), among other things. However, whether the goals of cooperation are achieved has so far only been explored in evaluations and studies of individual projects and instruments. The evaluation synthesis attempts to close this gap by systematically analyzing existing evidence (evaluations and academic studies) from national and international development cooperation on private sector engagement. Overall, the evaluations and studies considered report mainly positive effects on investors and donors, intermediaries, partner countries, and target groups. However, various analyses, including on the quality of the evaluations, point to a positive bias in the results. The evaluation synthesis makes recommendations on the definition of indicators, the measurement and evaluation of impacts and additionality, knowledge management, and the consideration of transaction costs in cooperation with private actors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation%20synthesis" title="evaluation synthesis">evaluation synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20sector%20engagement" title=" private sector engagement"> private sector engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20development" title=" international development"> international development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142285/evaluation-synthesis-of-private-sector-engagement-in-international-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142285.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Towards Appreciating Knowing Body in the Future Schools: Developing Methods for School Teachers to Understand the Role of the Body in Teaching and Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Aromaa">Johanna Aromaa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a development project aimed at enhancing student-teachers' awareness of the role of the body in teaching and learning. In this project, theory and practice are brought into dialogue through workshops of body work that utilize art-based and somatic methods. They are carried out in a special course for educating teachers in a Finnish University. Expected results from the project include: 1) the participants become aware of the multiple roles that the body has in educational encounters, and with it, develop a more holistic approach to teaching and learning, 2) the participants gain access to and learn to form bodily knowledge, 3) a working model on enhancing student-teachers' awareness of the role of bodily knowledge in teacher’s work is developed. Innovative methods as well as a radical rethinking of the nature of teaching and learning are needed if we are to appreciate knowing body in the future schools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bodily%20knowledge" title="bodily knowledge">bodily knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20body" title=" the body"> the body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=somatic%20methods" title=" somatic methods"> somatic methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20education" title=" teacher education"> teacher education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1478/towards-appreciating-knowing-body-in-the-future-schools-developing-methods-for-school-teachers-to-understand-the-role-of-the-body-in-teaching-and-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Spectral Anomaly Detection and Clustering in Radiological Search</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20L.%20McCullough">Thomas L. McCullough</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20D.%20Hague"> John D. Hague</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marylesa%20M.%20Howard"> Marylesa M. Howard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20K.%20Kiser"> Matthew K. Kiser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20A.%20Mazur"> Michael A. Mazur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lance%20K.%20McLean"> Lance K. McLean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20L.%20Turk"> Johanna L. Turk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Radiological search and mapping depends on the successful recognition of anomalies in large data sets which contain varied and dynamic backgrounds. We present a new algorithmic approach for real-time anomaly detection which is resistant to common detector imperfections, avoids the limitations of a source template library and provides immediate, and easily interpretable, user feedback. This algorithm is based on a continuous wavelet transform for variance reduction and evaluates the deviation between a foreground measurement and a local background expectation using methods from linear algebra. We also present a technique for recognizing and visualizing spectrally similar clusters of data. This technique uses Laplacian Eigenmap Manifold Learning to perform dimensional reduction which preserves the geometric "closeness" of the data while maintaining sensitivity to outlying data. We illustrate the utility of both techniques on real-world data sets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiological%20search" title="radiological search">radiological search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiological%20mapping" title=" radiological mapping"> radiological mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radioactivity" title=" radioactivity"> radioactivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title=" radiation protection"> radiation protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29396/spectral-anomaly-detection-and-clustering-in-radiological-search" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">694</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Home Owner Focused Investment Analysis Tool for Energy Refurbishment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonas%20Hinker">Jonas Hinker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Zumholz"> Lisa Zumholz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20M.%20A.%20Myrzik"> Johanna M. A. Myrzik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite strong efforts by the German government to make a transition to higher quality level of building stocks, the rate of renovation continues to remain below the proclaimed level of 2%. As the mandatory standards for residential retrofits are well-balanced in such a way that strict adherence to them guarantees profit from the investment, it becomes difficult to explain the reasons why there are so many people hesitant with their investments. Risks and transaction costs can be understood as socio-technical boundaries and have to be taken into consideration to be able to understand why a worthwhile investment is postponed or rejected. This paper therefore presents a method for investment analyses that is focused on such socio-technical constraints, which helps to reveal the strongest misconceptions of home owners. By depicting sensitivities and risk factors in an integrated and impartial way, such a tool can be utilized by home owners to address reservations and misunderstandings. In the end, this leads to an exploitation of smaller energy efficiency measures that makes up a big demand reduction in the residential sector altogether. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20refurbishment" title="energy refurbishment">energy refurbishment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment%20analysis" title=" investment analysis"> investment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20buildings" title=" residential buildings"> residential buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk-aware%20investment%20strategy" title=" risk-aware investment strategy"> risk-aware investment strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34733/home-owner-focused-investment-analysis-tool-for-energy-refurbishment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">531</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Modelling Operational Risk Using Extreme Value Theory and Skew t-Copulas via Bayesian Inference </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betty%20Johanna%20Garzon%20Rozo">Betty Johanna Garzon Rozo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Crook"> Jonathan Crook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fernando%20Moreira"> Fernando Moreira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Operational risk losses are heavy tailed and are likely to be asymmetric and extremely dependent among business lines/event types. We propose a new methodology to assess, in a multivariate way, the asymmetry and extreme dependence between severity distributions, and to calculate the capital for Operational Risk. This methodology simultaneously uses (i) several parametric distributions and an alternative mix distribution (the Lognormal for the body of losses and the Generalized Pareto Distribution for the tail) via extreme value theory using SAS®, (ii) the multivariate skew t-copula applied for the first time for operational losses and (iii) Bayesian theory to estimate new n-dimensional skew t-copula models via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. This paper analyses a newly operational loss data set, SAS Global Operational Risk Data [SAS OpRisk], to model operational risk at international financial institutions. All the severity models are constructed in SAS® 9.2. We implement the procedure PROC SEVERITY and PROC NLMIXED. This paper focuses in describing this implementation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operational%20risk" title="operational risk">operational risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss%20distribution%20approach" title=" loss distribution approach"> loss distribution approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extreme%20value%20theory" title=" extreme value theory"> extreme value theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copulas" title=" copulas"> copulas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19385/modelling-operational-risk-using-extreme-value-theory-and-skew-t-copulas-via-bayesian-inference" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">603</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Exploring Students’ Voices in Lecturers’ Teaching and Learning Developmental Trajectory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khashane%20Stephen%20Malatji">Khashane Stephen Malatji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makwalete%20Johanna%20Malatji"> Makwalete Johanna Malatji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Student evaluation of teaching (SET) is the common way of assessing teaching quality at universities and tracing the professional growth of lecturers. The aim of this study was to investigate the role played by student evaluation in the teaching and learning agenda at one South African University. The researchers used a qualitative approach and a case study research design. With regards to data collection, document analysis was used. Evaluation reports were reviewed to monitor the growth of lecturers who were evaluated during the academic years 2020 and 2021 in one faculty. The results of the study reveal that student evaluation remains the most relevant tool to inform the teaching agenda at a university. Lecturers who were evaluated were found to grow academically. All lecturers evaluated during 2020 have shown great improvement when evaluated repeatedly during 2021. Therefore, it can be concluded that student evaluation helps to improve the pedagogical and professional proficiency of lecturers. The study therefore, recommends that lecturers conduct an evaluation for each module they teach every semester or annually in case of year modules. The study also recommends that lecturers attend to all areas that draw negative comments from students in order to improve. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%E2%80%99%20voices" title="students’ voices">students’ voices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20agenda" title=" teaching agenda"> teaching agenda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback" title=" feedback"> feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=responses" title=" responses"> responses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152018/exploring-students-voices-in-lecturers-teaching-and-learning-developmental-trajectory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Cloning of Strawberry’s Malonyltransferase Genes and Characterisation of Their Enzymes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiran%20Wang">Xiran Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Trinkl"> Johanna Trinkl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20Hoffmann"> Thomas Hoffmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilfried%20Schwab"> Wilfried Schwab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Malonyltransferases (MATs) are enzymes that play a key role in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants, such as flavonoids and anthocyanins. As a kind of flavonoid-rich fruit, strawberries are an ideal model to study MATs. From Goodberry metabolome data, in the hybrid generation of 2 strawberries various, Fragaria × ananassa cv. 'Senga Sengana' and 'Candonga', we found the malonylated flavonoid concentration is significantly higher in 'Senga Sengana' compared with 'Candonga'. Therefore, we aimed to identify and characterize the malonyltransferases responsible for the different malonylated flavonoid concentrations in two different strawberry cultivars. In this study, we have found 6 MATs via genome mapping, metabolome analysis, gene cloning, and enzyme assay from strawberries, which catalyzed the malonylation of flavonoid substrates: quercetin-3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-glucoside, and cyanidin-3-glucoside. All four compounds reacted with FaMATs to varying degrees. These MATs have important implication into strawberries’ flavonoid biosynthesis, and also provide insights into insights into flavonoid biosynthesis, potential applications in agriculture, plant science, and pharmacy, and information on the regulation of secondary metabolism in plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malonyltransferase" title="malonyltransferase">malonyltransferase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strawberry" title=" strawberry"> strawberry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flavonoid%20biosynthesis" title=" flavonoid biosynthesis"> flavonoid biosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzyme%20assay" title=" enzyme assay"> enzyme assay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166257/cloning-of-strawberrys-malonyltransferase-genes-and-characterisation-of-their-enzymes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Optimal Health and Older Adults: The Existential Health Dimension as a Health-Promoting Potential</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Hemberg">Jessica Hemberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20K.%20Forsman"> Anna K. Forsman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Nordmyr"> Johanna Nordmyr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With a considerable increase in the aging population in the Nordic countries there is a call for a deeper understanding of healthy aging and its underlying mechanisms. The aim of this study is to uncover health and well-being for older adults according to their own views and understand what role the existential dimension play? The study uses a hermeneutical approach. Material was collected through focus group interviews with 18 older adults. The texts were interpreted through hermeneutical reading. The underlying mechanisms of health among older adults are described, illustrating the key prerequisites for health as being in the present. This implies ‘living on the continuums of life and death’ and in this field of forces also ‘living on the continuum of the past and the future’. Important aspects for being in the present was balancing ambivalent emotions, considering existential issues, and being in connectedness. Health for older adults may be understood in the light of the metaphor of taking it one day at a time. Being in the present was emphasized as a health potential for older adults highlighting the existential health dimension. From a societal point of view, this implies that health promotion should focus on highlighting the importance of the existential dimension of health since it holds health-promoting potentials for older adults. Optimal health for older adults requires awareness of one’s attitude to life through being in the present as a basis for a positive and healthy outlook on life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=focus%20group%20interviews" title="focus group interviews">focus group interviews</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hermeneutics" title=" hermeneutics"> hermeneutics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20experiences" title=" life experiences"> life experiences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=older%20adults" title=" older adults"> older adults</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86766/optimal-health-and-older-adults-the-existential-health-dimension-as-a-health-promoting-potential" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86766.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Tumor-Biological Characteristics of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabine%20Danzinger">Sabine Danzinger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nora%20Hielscher"> Nora Hielscher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miriam%20Izso"> Miriam Izso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Metzler"> Johanna Metzler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carmen%20Trinkl"> Carmen Trinkl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20Pfeifer"> Christian Pfeifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristina%20Tendl-Schulz"> Kristina Tendl-Schulz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christian%20F.%20Singer"> Christian F. Singer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) compared with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and to investigate the impact of histology on axillary lymph node (ALN) involvement in luminal A subtype tumors. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with ILC or IDC from 2012 to 2016 who underwent surgery. Patients constituted 493 primary early breast cancer cases (82 ILC; 411 IDC). Results: Compared with IDC, ILC tumors were significantly more likely to be grade 2, estrogen receptor- (ER) positive (þ), have a lower proliferation rate (Ki67 <14%), and a higher patholog- ical T stage (pT2–4). The luminal A subtype was significantly more common in ILC compared with IDC. In a multivariate regression model, grade 2, ERþ, progesterone receptor-positive, pT2, and pT3 were significantly associated with ILC. Additionally, with the luminal A subtype, ALN involvement (pathological node stage (pN)1–3) was significantly more frequent with ILC versus IDC. Conclusions: Our data suggests that grade 2, positive hormone receptor status, and higher pathological T stage are associated with ILC. With the luminal A subtype, ALN involvement was more frequent with ILC versus IDC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20cancer" title="breast cancer">breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lobular%20histology" title=" lobular histology"> lobular histology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor%20biology" title=" tumor biology"> tumor biology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20receptor" title=" hormone receptor"> hormone receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ki67" title=" ki67"> ki67</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193830/tumor-biological-characteristics-of-invasive-lobular-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">9</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Application of Acid Base Accounting to Predict Post-Mining Drainage Quality in Coalfields of the Main Karoo Basin and Selected Sub-Basins, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lindani%20Ncube">Lindani Ncube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baojin%20Zhao"> Baojin Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Liu"> Ken Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20Johanna%20Van%20Niekerk"> Helen Johanna Van Niekerk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acid Base Accounting (ABA) is a tool used to assess the total amount of acidity or alkalinity contained in a specific rock sample, and is based on the total S concentration and the carbonate content of a sample. A preliminary ABA test was conducted on 14 sandstone and 5 coal samples taken from coalfields representing the Main Karoo Basin (Highveld, Vryheid and Molteno/Indwe Coalfields) and the Sub-basins (Witbank and Waterberg Coalfields). The results indicate that sandstone and coal from the Main Karoo Basin have the potential of generating Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) as they contain sufficient pyrite to generate acid, with the final pH of samples relatively low upon complete oxidation of pyrite. Sandstone from collieries representing the Main Karoo Basin are characterised by elevated contents of reactive S%. All the studied samples were characterised by an Acid Potential (AP) that is less than the Neutralizing Potential (NP) except for two samples. The results further indicate that the sandstone from the Main Karoo Basin is prone to acid generation as compared to the sandstone from the Sub-basins. However, the coal has a relatively low potential of generating any acid. The application of ABA in this study contributes to an understanding of the complexities governing water-rock interactions. In general, the coalfields from the Main Karoo Basin have much higher potential to produce AMD during mining processes than the coalfields in the Sub-basins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Main%20Karoo%20Basin" title="Main Karoo Basin">Main Karoo Basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-basin" title=" sub-basin"> sub-basin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal" title=" coal"> coal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandstone" title=" sandstone"> sandstone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acid%20base%20accounting%20%28ABA%29" title=" acid base accounting (ABA)"> acid base accounting (ABA)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60382/application-of-acid-base-accounting-to-predict-post-mining-drainage-quality-in-coalfields-of-the-main-karoo-basin-and-selected-sub-basins-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60382.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Exploring the Experiences of Women Regarding Poor Birth Spacing at Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Averill%20Reindle%20T.%20Camilo">Averill Reindle T. Camilo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veena%20Jaye%20B.%20Cosme"> Veena Jaye B. Cosme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20Kaye%20a%20Mabborang"> Hazel Kaye a Mabborang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johannah%20a%20Magayam"> Johannah a Magayam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julie%20May%20D.%20Magguiya"> Julie May D. Magguiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trisha%20Irish%20W.%20Maique"> Trisha Irish W. Maique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Klein%20Van%20M.%20Maloc"> Klein Van M. Maloc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaydee%20B.%20Masadao"> Jaydee B. Masadao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yvonne%20Mae%20P.%20%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BF"> Yvonne Mae P. Ματεο</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The City of Tabuk had the highest number of registered births in the province of Kalinga, indicating the need to study birth spacing trends in Tabuk City further. The study investigates women's experiences with poor birth spacing in Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga, focusing on their views, practices, challenges, and strategies to cope with these issues. A qualitative research approach was used, specifically the Descriptive Phenomenological Research Design with eight (8) participants from Bulanao, Tabuk City, Kalinga. The study found that women's views on poor birth spacing, including intense desire, wanting to have more children, and their perception of children as blessings and helpers, are prevalent and including side effects of contraceptives. The challenges faced by women due to poor birth spacing include financial constraints, sickness, lack of support, and time constraints. These issues can lead to increased living costs for stay-at-home parents, including food, clothing, transportation, medical care, housing, childcare, and budget modifications. The participants also face difficulties in handling sick children and adjusting to uneven birth spacing. To cope, they focus on earning money, patience, andcontraception, while seeking family support fromin-laws andmothers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=birth%20spacing" title="birth spacing">birth spacing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contraception" title=" contraception"> contraception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coping%20strategies" title=" coping strategies"> coping strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternal%20health" title=" maternal health"> maternal health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20experiences" title=" women experiences"> women experiences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191695/exploring-the-experiences-of-women-regarding-poor-birth-spacing-at-bulanao-tabuk-city-kalinga" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> A Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of TRC101/Veverimer 6g/Day in Increasing Serum Bicarbonate Levels of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Metabolic Acidosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20Ann%20Gianelli%20Cu">Hazel Ann Gianelli Cu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephanie%20Co"> Stephanie Co</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radcliff%20Cobankiat"> Radcliff Cobankiat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: TRC101/Veverimer is an orally administered, non absorbed, sodium- and counterion-free hydrochloric acid binder for the treatment of metabolic acidosis associated with chronic kidney disease. The main objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of TRC 101/ Veverimer 6g/day in increasing serum bicarbonate levels of chronic kidney disease patients with metabolic acidosis. In this meta analysis, we also aim to look at safety outcomes, adverse effects and if the level of serum bicarbonate reached metabolic alkalosis when given TRC101/Veverimer. Methodology: Pubmed, Cochrane, Google Scholar and Science direct were used to search for randomized controlled trials about TRC101/Veverimer use in Chronic kidney disease patients with metabolic acidosis. Search strategy according to the Prisma checklist was done with evaluation of biases and synthesis of results using the Cochrane Review Manager software 5.4. Results: Two randomized controlled trials involving 371 chronic kidney disease patients were included in this study. Results show there was a significant increase in the serum bicarbonate level when given TRC101/Veverimer compared to the placebo. Both studies had a significant number of participants who completed the studies until the end. P value of <0.00001 was used in both studies with a confidence interval of 95%. Conclusion: TRC101/Veverimer 6g/day was shown to effectively and safely increase serum bicarbonate or achieve normalization in chronic kidney disease patients with metabolic acidosis as compared with a placebo. This was associated with delayed progression of kidney disease with improvement of physical functioning, however longer duration of future studies is ideal in order to assess further the long advantages and consequences of TRC 101/Veverimer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title="chronic kidney disease">chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20acidosis" title=" metabolic acidosis"> metabolic acidosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veverimer" title=" Veverimer"> Veverimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TRC101" title=" TRC101"> TRC101</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138974/a-meta-analysis-on-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-trc101veverimer-6gday-in-increasing-serum-bicarbonate-levels-of-chronic-kidney-disease-patients-with-metabolic-acidosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Evaluation of Oligocene-Miocene Clay from the Northern Part of Palmyra Region (Syria) for Industrial Ceramic Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Salam%20Turkmani">Abdul Salam Turkmani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Clay of the northern Palmyra region is one of the most important raw materials used in the Syrian ceramics industry. This study is focused on the evaluation of various laboratory analyses such as chemical analysis (XRF), mineral X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and semi-industrial tests carried out on samples collected on two representative locations of the upper Oligocene in AlMkamen valley (MK) and lower Miocene in AlZukara valley (ZR) of the northern part of Palmyra, Syria. Chemical results classify the (MK) and (ZR) clays as semi-plastic red clay slightly carbonate and (eliminate probable) illite-chlorite clays with a very fine particle size distribution. Content of SiO₂ between 46.28-57.66%, Al2O3 13.81-25.2%, Fe₂O₃ 3.47-11.58%, CaO 1.15-7.19%, Na₂O+K₂O varied between 3.34-3.71%. Based on clay chemical composition and iron and carbonate content, these deposits can be considered as red firing clays. Their mineralogical composition is mainly represented by illite, kaolinite and quartz, and accessories minerals such as calcite, feldspar, phillipsite, and goethite. The results of the DTA test confirm the presence of gypsum and quartz phases in (MK) clay. Ceramic testing shows good green and dry bending strength values, which varied between 9-14 kg/cm², at 1160°C to 1180°C. Water absorption moves from 14.6 % at 1120°C to 2.2% at 1180°C to 1.6% at 1200°C. Breaking load after firing changes from 400 to 590 kg/cm². At 1200°C (MK), clay reaches perfect vitrification. After firing, the color of the clay changes from orange-hazel to red-brown at 1180°C. Technological results confirmed the suitability of the studied clays to produce floor and wall ceramic tiles. Using one of the two types of clay into the ceramic body or both types together gave satisfactory industrial results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic" title="ceramic">ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry" title=" industry "> industry </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Palmyra" title=" Palmyra"> Palmyra</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139276/evaluation-of-oligocene-miocene-clay-from-the-northern-part-of-palmyra-region-syria-for-industrial-ceramic-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">196</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Translatability of Sylistic Devices in Poetry Across Language-Cultures: An Intercultural Rhetoric Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20P.%20Atilano">Hazel P. Atilano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Contrastive rhetoricians working on L2 writing are often unfamiliar with the theories and research of scholars in translation studies. Publications on translation studies give little or no attention to describing the translation strategies of translators, with a focus on the influence of their L1 on the language they produce. This descriptive qualitative study anchored on Eugene Nida’s Translation Theory employed stylistic, lexico-semantic, and grammatical analyses of the stylistic devices employed by poets across nine language cultures to reveal the translation strategies employed by translators and to establish the type of equivalence manifested in the translated texts. The corpus consists of 27 poems written in Bahasa Indonesia, Hiligaynon, Tagalog (Malayo-Polynesian languages), French, Italian, Spanish (Romance languages), German, Icelandic, and Norwegian (Germanic Languages), translated into English. Stylistic analysis reveals that both original texts and English translations share the same stylistic devices, suggesting that stylistic devices do not get lost in translation. Lexico-semantic and grammatical analyses showed that translators of Malayo-Polynesian languages employed idiomatic translation as a compensatory strategy, producing English translations that manifest Dynamic Equivalence or transparency; translators of Romance languages resorted to synonymous substitution or literal translation, suggesting Formal Equivalence or fidelity; and translators of Germanic languages used a combination of idiomatic and literal translation strategies, with noticeable preference for Dynamic Equivalence, evidenced by the prevalence of metaphorical translations as compensatory strategy. Implications on the intricate relationship between culture and language in the translation process were drawn based on the findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20strategy" title="translation strategy">translation strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20equivalence" title=" dynamic equivalence"> dynamic equivalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formal%20equivalence" title=" formal equivalence"> formal equivalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20theory" title=" translation theory"> translation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparency" title=" transparency"> transparency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fidelity" title=" fidelity"> fidelity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175607/translatability-of-sylistic-devices-in-poetry-across-language-cultures-an-intercultural-rhetoric-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> A Literature Review about Responsible Third Cycle Supervision</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Lundqvist">Johanna Lundqvist</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Third cycle supervision is a multifaceted and complex task for supervisors in higher education. It progresses over several years and is affected by several proximal and distal factors. It can result in positive learning outcomes for doctoral students and high-quality publications. However, not all doctoral students thrive during their doctoral studies; nor do they all complete their studies. This is problematic for both the individuals themselves as well as society at large: doctoral students are valuable and important in current research, future research and higher education. The aim of this literature review is to elucidate what responsible third cycle supervision can include and be in practice. The question posed is as follows: according to recent literature, what is it that characterises responsible third cycle supervision in which doctoral students can thrive and develop their research knowledge and skills? A literature review was conducted, and the data gathered from the literature regarding responsible third cycle supervision was analysed by means of a thematic analysis. The analysis was inspired by the notion of responsible inclusion outlined by David Mitchell. In this study, the term literature refers to research articles and regulations. The results (preliminary) show that responsible third cycle supervision is associated with a number of interplaying factors (themes). These are as follows: committed supervisors and doctoral students; a clear vision and research problem; an individual study plan; adequate resources; interaction processes and constructive feedback; creativity; cultural awareness; respect and research ethics; systematic quality work and improvement efforts; focus on overall third cycle learning goals; and focus on research presentations and publications. Thus, responsible third cycle supervision can occur if these factors are realized in practice. This literature review is of relevance to evaluators, researchers, and management in higher education, as well as third cycle supervisors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doctoral%20student" title="doctoral student">doctoral student</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20cycle%20supervisors" title=" third cycle supervisors"> third cycle supervisors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20cycle%20programmes" title=" third cycle programmes"> third cycle programmes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99413/a-literature-review-about-responsible-third-cycle-supervision" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> The Efficacy of Methylphenidate vs Atomoxetine in Treating Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Child and Adolescent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadia%20Duhita">Gadia Duhita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noorhana"> Noorhana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tjhin%20Wiguna"> Tjhin Wiguna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: ADHD is the most common behavioural disorder in Indonesia. A stimulant, specifically methylphenidate, has been the first drug of choice for an ADHD treatment more than half a century. During the last decade, non-stimulant therapy (atomoxetine) for ADHD treatment has been developing. Growing evidence of its efficacy and the difference in its side effects profile to stimulant therapy have made methylphenidate’s position as a first line therapy for ADHD in need of re-evaluation. Both methylphenidate and atomoxetine have proven themselves against placebos in reducing core symptoms of ADHD. More recent studies directly compare the efficacy of methylphenidate and atomoxetine. Objective: The objective of this paper is to find out if either methylphenidate or atomoxetine is superior to another. This paper will assess the validity, importance, and applicability of current available evidence which compare the effectivity, efficacy, and safety of methylphenidate to atomoxetine for treatment in children and adolescents with ADHD. Method: The articles were searched for through the PubMed and Cochrane databases with “attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder OR adhd”, “methylphenidate”, and “atomoxetine” as the search keywords. Two articles which were relevant and eligible were chosen by using inclusion and exclusion criterias to be critically appraised. Result: The study by Hazel et al. showed that the efficacy of methylphenidate and atomoxetine are comparable for treatment in child and adolescent ADHD. The result shows 53.6% (95% CI 48.5%-58.4%) of the patient responded to the treatment by atomoxetine and 54.4% (95% CI 47.6%-61.1%) patients responded to methylphenidate, with the difference in proportion of–0.9% (95% CI –9.2%-7.5%). The other study by Hanwella et al. also showed that the efficacy of atomoxetine was not inferior to metilphenidate (SMD = 0.09, 95% CI –0.08-0.26) (Z = 1.06, p = 0.29). However, the sub-group analysis showed that OROS methylphenidate is more effective compared to atomoxetine (SMD = 0.32, 95% CI 0.12-0.53) (Z = 3.05, p < 0.02). Conclusion: The efficacy of methylphenidate and atomoxetine in reducing symptoms of ADHD is comparable. None is proven inferior to another. The choice of pharmacological tratment children and adolescents with ADHD should be made based on contraindication and the side effects profile of each drug. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention%20deficit%2Fhyperactivity%20disorder" title="attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder">attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADHD" title=" ADHD"> ADHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomoxetine" title=" atomoxetine"> atomoxetine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylphenidate" title=" methylphenidate"> methylphenidate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17413/the-efficacy-of-methylphenidate-vs-atomoxetine-in-treating-attention-deficithyperactivity-disorder-in-child-and-adolescent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17413.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Borrower Discouragement in Spain: An Empirical Analysis Using a Survey Data Set</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gin%C3%A9s%20Hern%C3%A1ndez-C%C3%A1novas">Ginés Hernández-Cánovas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C2%AA%20Camino%20Ram%C3%B3n-Llorens"> Mª Camino Ramón-Llorens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Ko%C3%ABter-Kant"> Johanna Koëter-Kant </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper uses a survey data-set of 837 Spanish SMEs to analyze the association between borrower discouragement and prior firm´s strategic decisions, while controlling for firm and owner characteristics. While existing literature has neglected factors limiting the demand for resources by an overreliance on arguments which attempt to explain the existence of discouraged borrowers solely in terms of lack of access to supply of credit. The objective of this paper is to show that factors limiting the demand for resources and, therefore, reducing the availability of funds, can be traced back to the firm manager´s decision. Our hypothesis is that managers that undertake strategic decisions seeking growth or improvement in their business performance participate more in the banking market than those showing contentment with their current business situation. Our results shows that SMEs that undertake an active role in research and development activities and that achieve improvements in the operating performance of their business are less likely to be discouraged from applying for a loan. Who needs credit and who applies for credit is important for firms, prospective lenders and policymakers interested in the financial health of these firms. Credit constrained firms are less likely to invest in R&D and to introduce new products, possibly harming long-term economic growth. Knowing how important borrower discouragement is in Europe, is important for judging the priority which should be attached to government policies aimed at reducing its effects. For example, policy makers could encourage the transparency about credit eligibility and conditions in order to reduce discouragement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discouragement" title="discouragement">discouragement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20constraints" title=" financial constraints"> financial constraints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMEs%20financing" title=" SMEs financing "> SMEs financing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24610/borrower-discouragement-in-spain-an-empirical-analysis-using-a-survey-data-set" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Modelling Social Influence and Cultural Variation in Global Low-Carbon Vehicle Transitions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20Pettifor">Hazel Pettifor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charlie%20Wilson"> Charlie Wilson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Mccollum"> David Mccollum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreane%20Edelenbosch"> Oreane Edelenbosch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vehicle purchase is a technology adoption decision that will strongly influence future energy and emission outcomes. Global integrated assessment models (IAMs) provide valuable insights into the medium and long terms effects of socio-economic development, technological change and climate policy. In this paper we present a unique and transparent approach for improving the behavioural representation of these models by incorporating social influence effects to more accurately represent consumer choice. This work draws together strong conceptual thinking and robust empirical evidence to introduce heterogeneous and interconnected consumers who vary in their aversion to new technologies. Focussing on vehicle choice, we conduct novel empirical research to parameterise consumer risk aversion and how this is shaped by social and cultural influences. We find robust evidence for social influence effects, and variation between countries as a function of cultural differences. We then formulate an approach to modelling social influence which is implementable in both simulation and optimisation-type models. We use two global integrated assessment models (IMAGE and MESSAGE) to analyse four scenarios that introduce social influence and cultural differences between regions. These scenarios allow us to explore the interactions between consumer preferences and social influence. We find that incorporating social influence effects into global models accelerates the early deployment of electric vehicles and stimulates more widespread deployment across adopter groups. Incorporating cultural variation leads to significant differences in deployment between culturally divergent regions such as the USA and China. Our analysis significantly extends the ability of global integrated assessment models to provide policy-relevant analysis grounded in real-world processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioural%20realism" title="behavioural realism">behavioural realism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicles" title=" electric vehicles"> electric vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20influence" title=" social influence"> social influence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle%20choice" title=" vehicle choice"> vehicle choice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81431/modelling-social-influence-and-cultural-variation-in-global-low-carbon-vehicle-transitions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Determination of the Vaccine Induced Immunodominant Regions of Nucleoprotein Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engin%20Berber">Engin Berber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurettin%20Canakoglu"> Nurettin Canakoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Sozdutmaz"> Ibrahim Sozdutmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merve%20Caliskan"> Merve Caliskan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaikh%20Terkis%20Islam%20Pavel"> Shaikh Terkis Islam Pavel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazel%20Yetiskin"> Hazel Yetiskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aykut%20Ozdarendeli"> Aykut Ozdarendeli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a tick-borne virus in the family Bunyaviridae, genus Nairovirus. The CCHFV genome consists of three molecules of negative-sense single-stranded RNA, each encapsulated separately. The virion particle contains viral RNA polymerase (L segment), surface glycoproteins Gn and Gc (Msegment), and a nucleocapsid protein NP (S segment). CCHF is characterized by high case mortality, occurring in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Clinical CCHF was first recognized in Turkey in 2002. The numbers of CCHF cases have gradually increased in Turkey making the virus a public health concern. Between 2002 and 2014, more than 8000 the CCHF cases have been reported in Turkey and mortality rate is around 5%. So, Turkey is one of the countries where the epidemy has become spread to the wider geography and the biggest outbreaks of CCHF have occurred in the world. We have recently developed an inactivated cell-culture based vaccine against CCHF. We have showed that the Balb/c mice immunized with the CCHF vaccine induced the high level of neutralizing antibodies. In this study, we aimed to determine the immunodominant regions of nucleoprotein (NP) CCHFV Kelkit06 strain which stimulate T cells. For this purpose, pools of overlapping NP were used for an IFN- γ ELISPOT assay. Balb/c mice were divided into two groups for the experiment. Two groups (n = 10 each) were immunized via the intraperitoneal route with 5, or 10μg of the cell culture-based vaccine. The control group (n = 6) was mock immunized with PBS. Booster injections with the same formulation were given on days 21 and 42 after the first immunization. The higher reactivity against the CCHFV NP pools 31-40 and 80-90 was determined in the two dose groups. In order to analyze the vaccine-induced T cell responses in Balb/c mice immunized with varying doses of the vaccine, we have been also currently working on CD4+, CD8+ and CD3 + T cells by flow cytometry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crimean-Congo%20hemorrhagic%20fever%20virus" title="Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus">Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunodominant%20regions%20of%20NP" title=" immunodominant regions of NP"> immunodominant regions of NP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T%20cell%20response" title=" T cell response"> T cell response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccine" title=" vaccine"> vaccine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29620/determination-of-the-vaccine-induced-immunodominant-regions-of-nucleoprotein-crimean-congo-hemorrhagic-fever-virus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29620.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Animal-Assisted Therapy: A Perspective From Singapore</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20Wong">Julia Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hua%20Beng%20Lim"> Hua Beng Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petrina%20Goh"> Petrina Goh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Foo"> Johanna Foo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caleb%20Ng"> Caleb Ng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20%E2%80%98Aqilah%20Bte%20Mohd%20Taufek"> Nurul ‘Aqilah Bte Mohd Taufek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) utilizes human-animal interaction to achieve specific therapeutic goals, and its efficacy has been demonstrated across various settings overseas. The use of AAT in Singapore, however, is still limited. Ang Mo Kio-Thye Hua Kwan (AMKH) is one of the first community hospitals in Singapore to use AAT to complement its occupational therapy services with elderly patients. This study explored the perspectives of AMKH’s occupational therapists (OTs) in relation to AAT to understand barriers and enablers in implementing and practising AAT. We also examined how OTs at-large across practice settings perceive AAT. A mixed method design was used. 64 OTs at-large participated in on online survey, and 7 AMKH OTs were interviewed individually via Zoom. Survey results were analysed with descriptive and Mann-Whitney U tests. Interviews were thematically analysed. AMKH OTs perceived various benefits of AAT articulated in overseas studies in domains such as motivation and participation, emotional, social interaction, sensory tactile stimulation, and cognition. Interestingly, this perception was also supported by 67% of OTs who had responded to the survey, even though most of the OTs who had participated in the survey had no experience in AAT. Despite the perceived benefits of AAT, both OTs from AMKH and those at-large articulated concerns on risks pertaining to AAT (e.g., allergies, unexpected animal behaviour, infections, etc). However, AMKH OTs shared several ways to mitigate these risks, demonstrating their ability to develop a safe program. For e.g., volunteers and their dogs must meet specific recruitment criteria, stringent protocols are used to screen and match dogs with patients, and there are strict exclusion criteria for patients participating in AAT. AMKH OTs’ experience suggests that additional skills and knowledge are required to implement AAT, therefore, healthcare institutions should first consider improving their staff training and risk mitigation knowledge before implementing AAT. They can also refer to AMKH’s AAT protocols and those found in overseas studies, but institutions must adapt the protocols to fit their institutional settings and patients’ profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal-assisted%20therapy" title="animal-assisted therapy">animal-assisted therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dog-assisted%20therapy" title=" dog-assisted therapy"> dog-assisted therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20therapy" title=" occupational therapy"> occupational therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complementary%20therapy" title=" complementary therapy"> complementary therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151091/animal-assisted-therapy-a-perspective-from-singapore" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> NMR-Based Metabolomic Study of Antimalarial Plant Species Used Traditionally by Vha-Venda People in Limpopo Province, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johanna%20Bapela">Johanna Bapela</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heino%20Heyman"> Heino Heyman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marion%20Meyer"> Marion Meyer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Regardless of the significant advances accomplished in reducing the burden of malaria and other tropical diseases in recent years, malaria remains a major cause of mortality in endemic countries. This is especially the case in sub-Saharan Africa where 99% of the estimated global malaria deaths occurs on an annual basis. The emergence of resistant Plasmodium species and the lack of diversified chemotherapeutic agents provide the rationale for bioprospecting for antiplasmodial scaffolds. Crude extracts from twenty indigenous antimalarial plant species were screened for antimalarial activity and then subjected to 1H NMR-based metabolomic analysis. Ten plant extracts exhibited significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity (IC50 ≤ 5 µg/ml). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the acquired 1H NMR spectra could not separate the analyzed plant extracts according to the detected antiplasmodial bioactivity. Application of supervised Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures–Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) to the 1H NMR profiles resulted in a discrimination pattern that could be correlated to bioactivity. A contribution plot generated from the OPLS-DA scoring plot illustrated the classes of compounds responsible for the observed grouping. Given the preliminary in vitro results, Tabernaemontana elegans Stapf. (Apocynaceae) and Vangueria infausta Burch. subsp. infausta (Rubiaceae) were subjected to further phytochemical investigations. Two indole alkaloids, dregamine and tabernaemontanine possessing antiplasmodial activity were isolated from T. elegans. Two compounds were isolated from V. infausta subsp. infausta and identified as friedelin (IC50 = 3.01 µg/ml) and morindolide (IC50 = 18.5 µg/ml). While these compounds have been previously identified, this is the first account of their occurrence in the genus Vangueria and their antiplasmodial activity. Based on the results of the study, metabolomics can be used to globally identify classes of plant secondary metabolites that are responsible for antiplasmodial activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnopharmacology" title="ethnopharmacology">ethnopharmacology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaria" title=" Malaria"> Malaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title=" medicinal plants"> medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolomics" title=" metabolomics"> metabolomics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55170/nmr-based-metabolomic-study-of-antimalarial-plant-species-used-traditionally-by-vha-venda-people-in-limpopo-province-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55170.pdf" target="_blank" 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