HistoryWorld - History and Timelines

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <script src="https://the.gatekeeperconsent.com/cmp.min.js" data-cfasync="false"></script> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <meta name="csrf-token" content="Yj9jfXLZBLEuTiPRWYtsaSsqbmR4aqrQthiMO0LD"> <title>HistoryWorld - History and Timelines | Historyworld</title> <meta name="description" , content="HistoryWorld contains narrative world history and interactive world history timelines."> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/favicon.ico" rel="icon">   <link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flag-icon-css/3.5.0/css/flag-icon.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">  <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/icofont/icofont.min.css" rel="stylesheet">  <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/animate.css/animate.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/remixicon.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/owl.carousel/assets/owl.carousel.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/venobox.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/aos.css" rel="stylesheet">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/hwico.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/hwcss.css">  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.w3schools.com/w3css/4/w3.css">  <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/treeStructure.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/style.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/custom.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/css/minify/spinners.css" rel="stylesheet">  <link href="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/select2/css/select2.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <style type="text/css"> .spinner-box { width: 100%; height: 100%; top: 0px; position: fixed; z-index: 99999; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); } #mobile_search_terms .search-form { padding: 15px 15px; } </style> <script src="//cdn.wordart.com/wordart.min.js" async defer></script>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-370390-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-370390-1'); </script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-G365G47KXJ"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-G365G47KXJ'); </script> </head> <body> <script async src="https://www.ezojs.com/ezoic/sa.min.js"></script> <script> window.ezstandalone = window.ezstandalone || {}; ezstandalone.cmd = ezstandalone.cmd || []; </script> <script> window.__ow = window.__ow || {}; window.__ow.organizationId = "cfccb500-4dcd-44e2-8fd0-cb1d7158489b"; ;(function(n,t,c){function i(n){return e._h?e._h.apply(null,n):e._q.push(n)}var e={_q:[],_h:null,_v:"2.0",on:function(){i(["on",c.call(arguments)])},once:function(){i(["once",c.call(arguments)])},off:function(){i(["off",c.call(arguments)])},get:function(){if(!e._h)throw new Error("[OpenWidget] You can鈥檛 use getters before load.");return i(["get",c.call(arguments)])},call:function(){i(["call",c.call(arguments)])},init:function(){var n=t.createElement("script");n.async=!0,n.type="text/javascript",n.src="https://cdn.openwidget.com/openwidget.js",t.head.appendChild(n)}};!n.__ow.asyncInit&&e.init(),n.OpenWidget=n.OpenWidget||e}(window,document,[].slice)) </script> <noscript>You need to <a href="https://www.openwidget.com/enable-javascript" rel="noopener nofollow">enable JavaScript</a> to use the communication tool powered by <a href="https://www.openwidget.com/" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">OpenWidget</a></noscript> <div class="spinner-box"> <svg class="circular" viewBox="25 25 50 50"> <circle class="path" cx="50" cy="50" r="20" fill="none" stroke-width="2" stroke-miterlimit="10"/> </svg> </div> <div id="preloader"></div>    <header id="header" class="fixed-top absolute"> <div class="container d-flex align-items-center p-0"> <div class="mobile-title"> <a href="/" class="icon-block text-white font-weight-bold"> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/favicon.svg" width="45px" height="45px" alt="Logo">istoryworld </a> </div>  <div class="mobile-title section-icons"> <a href="/histories" class="icon-block"> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/histories.svg" alt="History Icon" id="histories"> </a> <a href="/timelines" class="icon-block"> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/timelines.svg" alt="Timeline Icon" id="timelines"> </a> </div>  <nav class="nav-menu"> <ul> <li class=" "> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li class="drop-down histories "> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/histories.svg" alt="Histories Icon" id="histories"> <a href="/histories">Histories</a> <ul> <li><a href="/histories">List of Histories</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="drop-down timelines "> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/timelines.svg" alt="Timelines Icon" id="timelines"> <a href="/timelines">Timelines</a> <ul> <li><a href="/timelines">Featured Timelines</a></li> <li><a href="/event-timelines">Search Timelines</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="drop-down about_us "> <a href="/about_us">About us</a> <ul> <li><a href="/about_us">About us</a></li> <li><a href="/attribution_copyright">Attribution</a></li> <li><a href="/cookie_policy">Cookies & Privacy</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav>  </div> </header>   <section id="hero" class="d-flex align-items-center"> <div class="container" data-aos="fade" data-aos-delay="100"> <div class="row justify-content-between flex-nowrap hero-section"> <div class="col-md-4 logo"> <a href="https://www.historyworld.net"><img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/HWhomelogo.png"></a> </div> <div class="col-md-8 mt-1 ads-container">   <div id="ezoic-pub-ad-placeholder-118"></div> <script> ezstandalone.cmd.push(function() { ezstandalone.showAds(118); }); </script>  </div> </div> </div> </section> <main id="mainHistory">  <section id="blog" class="blog"> <div class="container"> <div class="row justify-content-center" id="mainContent">  <div class="slide-descriptions col-lg-12 "> <div class="col-lg-4"> <p >More than 1,000,000 words on world<br> history in linked narratives</p> </div> <div class="col-lg-4" id="history-search-modal"> <form action="https://www.historyworld.net/history-search" method="get" id="pc_search_terms"> <div class="sidebar p-3" data-aos="fade-up"> <div class="row p-3 align-items-center mobile-hide"> <h3 class="sidebar-title">Search</h3> </div> <div class="sidebar-item search-form mb-lg-3"> <div id="featued_view_text_search" class="form"> <input value="" type="text" name="searchTerm" id="text_history_search" class="form-control" placeholder="Search for text" inputmode="search" oninput="changeLink(this)" required minlength="2"> <button type="submit" class="textSearch"><i class="icofont-search-2"></i> </button> </div> </div> <a id="search-in-timelines" class="p-1" href="#">More results in Timelines</a> </div> </form> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/js/historySearchModal.js"></script> </div> <p class="col-lg-4 mobile-none">More than 10,000 events from world history to search for timelines</p> </div> <div class="col-lg-12 entries d-flex " id="history-carusel"> <div id="historyCarousel" class="carousel slide col-lg-8 pr-0" data-ride="carousel" data-interval="false">  <div class="carousel-inner"> <div class="carousel-item h-100 active"> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/AthensParthenonxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Greek and Roman gods</h3> <p class="">In both Greece and Rome the many gods of the pantheon have their own local shrines. The most important of these are magnificent buildings, set in elaborate architectural precincts. Famous examples are the temple to Apollo at Delphi, and the Parthenon, sacred to Pallas Athene, in Athens. Priests attend to the needs of the god, whether by preparing ceremonial food or drink or by decorating and anointing the cult statue, and they supervise the temple rituals. The role of ordinary worshippers consists largely in bringing ...</p> <a href="/history/religion/267?section=To the 1st century BC&heading=Greek and Roman gods" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/SydneyHarbourxaca300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">The First Fleet</h3> <p class="">On January 21 Phillip sails a few miles north and finds the great natural harbour of Port Jackson. Here he selects an inlet with a good water supply as the site for the new colony. He names the place Sydney Cove in honour of the home secretary, Viscount Sydney.A prefabricated house of wood and canvas, designed in London for the governor, is erected at the centre of the settlement. Tents are put up for the marines and the convicts, with a separate encampment a little ...</p> <a href="/history/migration/124?section=18th century&heading=The First Fleet" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/StPetersTiberxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">St Peter's</h3> <p class="">In April 1506 Julius II and his architect, Bramante, are ready to lay the foundation stone of the new St Peter's. A commemorative medal is struck with the classical inscription Templi Petri Instauracio (Renewal of the Temple of Peter), showing a view of a great domed basilica with a classical portico. In spirit - though not in detail - this design is similar to the church which is eventually completed in 1590, by which time Raphael and Michelangelo and several others have succeeded Bramante as ...</p> <a href="/history/rome/704?section=Cultural Rome&heading=St Peter's" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/JerusalewmDomeofRockxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">The Dome of the Rock</h3> <p class="">The Dome of the Rock, completed in 691 and the earliest surviving example of Muslim architecture, borrows in spectacular fashion the themes of Byzantine mosaic and domed roof. This city of Jerusalem, taken from the Christians only half a century previously, still has the skills and crafts first developed for use in imperial churches. The dome itself is a great wooden structure. The caliph has both interior and exterior of the shrine lavishly decorated in a combination of polished marble and glittering glass mosaic against ...</p> <a href="/history/architecture/154?section=Caliphs&heading=The Dome of the Rock" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/TrajansColumnxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Trajan</h3> <p class="">When Trajan is selected by Nerva as his heir, in October 97, he is in command of the province of upper Germany. Less than three months later, Nerva is dead. But this time there is no crisis. The Roman empire has acquired a new maturity. Thirty years earlier, after the death of Nero, the succession was decided by armies marching on Rome. Now Trajan is able to spend the first year of his rule on a tour of inspection of the Roman legions on the ...</p> <a href="/history/roman-empire/531?section=Trajan to Constantine&heading=Trajan" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/PasagadaeCyrusTombxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Cyrus the Great</h3> <p class="">Cyrus dies in 530, campaigning against nomadic tribesmen in the northeast, near the Oxus and Jaxartes rivers. He is buried in the place which he has made his capital, Pasagardae. His tomb, massive but superbly simple, stands today as an impressive monument to the emperor - though now in parched surroundings where once everything was well watered, in an early version of a Persian garden. Its interior, in which the body lies in a gold sarcophagus on a gold couch, is broken into and stripped ...</p> <a href="/history/iran-persia/697?section=Achaemenids&heading=Cyrus the Great" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/GainsboroughMorningxacj300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">British portraits</h3> <p class="">Reynolds often paints his subjects full length, in splendid poses and in close proximity to a classical column or urn. These are the sort of people who go on the Grand Tour. Their easy self-confidence in Reynolds's canvases revives the great tradition of the English portraits of van Dyck.If anything is missing in these powerful images by Reynolds, it is perhaps the fleeting quality of fashion - a quality abundantly supplied by his slightly younger rival Thomas Gainsborough. When Gainsborough catches William and Elizabeth Hallett ...</p> <a href="/history/painting/130?section=18th century&heading=British portraits" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/Conwyxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Edward I and Wales</h3> <p class="">Llywelyn is forced to sign a treaty on November 9 at Conwy. It strips him of nearly all his territories, reducing the principality to the area of Snowdon. Anglesey is allowed him on lease from the king of England, but the rest of Wales is now to be administered by English agents - a role which they fulfil with such brutality that there is a widespread uprising, headed by Llywelyn, in 1282. Edward reacts as forcefully as before, with another invasion of Wales during which ...</p> <a href="/history/wales/625?section=Plantagenets&heading=Edward I and Wales" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/ShangBronzexabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">China</h3> <p class="">The longest consistent civilization in the human story so far is that of China. This vast eastern empire seems set apart from the rest of the world, fiercely proud of its own traditions, resisting foreign influences. Its history begins in a characteristically independent manner. There are no identifiable precedents for the civilization of the Shang dynasty, which emerges in China in about 1600 BC. Its superb bronze vessels seem to achieve an instant technological perfection. Its written texts introduce characters recognizably related to Chinese writing ...</p> <a href="/history/civilization/149?section=&heading=China" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/ConstantineHeadxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Good works and late baptism</h3> <p class="">The Arian heresy has not been suppressed as conclusively as Constantine may like to think, but his last years are calm enough for him to devote himself to his chosen religion. He becomes increasingly pious, and is a generous builder of churches in Rome and Palestine as well as Constantinople. In Jerusalem he constructs the church of the Holy Sepulchre on the supposed site of the Crucifixion. Happily the excavations reveal what is taken to be the actual cross (or True Cross) on which Christ ...</p> <a href="/history/constantine/534?section=&heading=Good works and late baptism" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/TahitiHodgesxaca300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Pacific islands</h3> <p class="">The islanders also soon attract the eager attention of another very different group of Europeans - a new breed of English missionaries, committed to taking the Protestant faith to savages as yet unaware of the truth. _x000b_ _x000b_A spate of missionary societies are founded in London in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The first to arrive in the Pacific is the London Missionary Society, with an expedition to Tahiti in 1797. The islands become a favourite region for gospel work, well before the ...</p> <a href="/history/exploration/499?section=17th - 18th century&heading=Pacific islands" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/HussBurntxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Council of Constance</h3> <p class="">The council deals with the matter of heresy more speedily than it succeeds in reducing three popes to one. The ideas of Wycliffe and Huss are discussed and rapidly condemned. Huss is burnt at the stake in July 1415. By that time Jerome of Prague has with equal courage travelled to Constance to defend his master. He too is arrested. In May 1416 he is burnt on the same patch of ground as Huss. To ensure that there are no relics of heresy, the council ...</p> <a href="/history/christianity/521?section=14th - 15th century&heading=Council of Constance" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/CatalHuyukxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">The unsettling and the settled</h3> <p class="">The regions bordering the Asian shores of the Mediterranean are where mankind appears first to have settled in villages and towns - a development requiring at least the beginnings of agriculture. Two of the earliest settlements to deserve the name of towns are Jericho in Palestine and Catal Huyuk in Anatolia. For the emergence of a more developed society, justifying the name of civilization, history suggests that there is one incomparable advantage, indeed almost a necessity - the proximity of a large river, flowing through ...</p> <a href="/history/india-the-subcontinent/595?section=A place to settle&heading=The unsettling and the settled" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/TrajansColumnxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Trajan</h3> <p class="">There are two good reasons for Trajan's interest in subduing this area. One is revenge; the Dacians, led by a powerful ruler, Decebalus, inflicted a major defeat on a Roman army sent out by Domitian in 86. The other is greed; the territory includes some famous gold mines. In two campaigns (101-2, 105-6) Dacia is crushed and brought firmly within the empire; the modern name of the region, Romania, reflects Rome's success. Great wealth is brought back to the capital to fund Trajan's building programme. ...</p> <a href="/history/roman-empire/531?section=Trajan to Constantine&heading=Trajan" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/WaterlooVeterans300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Waterloo</h3> <p class="">When the engagement begins at Waterloo, on June 18, Wellington is in a defensive position with about 68,000 troops and 156 guns; Napoleon has 72,000 men and 246 guns. An extremely hard-fought battle looks almost certain to go Napoleon's way until the arrival in the afternoon of Blücher and the Prussians, regrouped after their flight of two days previously. They tip the balance. By the early evening the French are in full retreat, and Napoleon is on his way back to Paris.He arrives in the ...</p> <a href="/history/napoleonic-wars-1803-1815/468?section=1812 and after&heading=Waterloo" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/SicilyBikiniMosaicxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Mosaic in the Roman empire</h3> <p class="">The great Roman villa near Piazza Armerina in Sicily, built in about AD 300, has mosaic floors which were probably laid by craftsmen from north Africa. Originally they covered some 4200 square yards. Of their many lively scenes none has given more delight than the group of bikini-clad maidens playing a musical game with a ball. The mosaics of Piazza Armerina are of the early 4th century. By that time the bishop of Aquileia in northern Italy is adapting this Roman art form to his ...</p> <a href="/history/mosaic/683?section=&heading=Mosaic in the Roman empire" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/VezeleyInteriorxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Romanesque</h3> <p class="">By the time of the period properly considered Romanesque, many variations of its Roman origins have evolved. Seeking out the sources of Romanesque is a complex academic exercise. One well-established line of influence comes through Ravenna to Aachen; Justinian's 6th-century church of San Vitale inspires Charlemagne's early 9th-century chapel. Charlemagne's chapel in Aachen, with its classical columns and round striped arches, also recalls the little baptistery at Fréjus. And both are echoed in the full flowering of the Romanesque style, as seen in the 12th-century ...</p> <a href="/history/sculpture/133?section=Middle Ages&heading=Romanesque" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/AmericanChiefsLand300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Pennsylvania</h3> <p class="">In 1737 the colony of Pennsylvania decides to claim the full extent of this supposed agreement. Athletes are trained for the occasion; a path is cut through the scrub; on August 25-6 the quickest among them covers sixty-four miles in the day and a half, bringing some 1200 square miles of Indian territory securely into British hands.There is a further irony attached to this loss by the Lenape. When they reject the so-called Walking Purchase, both sides agree to accept arbitration by the Iroquois League. ...</p> <a href="/history/north-america/726?section=17th century&heading=Pennsylvania" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/AngkorWatxabi300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Angkor and Pagan</h3> <p class="">In Cambodia the Khmer dynasty makes its capital, from the 9th century, in the city of Angkor. A series of huge Hindu temples culminates in the great 12th-century Angkor Wat. The temples are engulfed by the jungle, after the fall of the city first to Chams from the east (in 1177) and then to Thais from the west (in 1431). Angkor is rediscovered in the 1860s, to become one of the wonders of the world. To the west, the new Burmese dynasty has its capital ...</p> <a href="/history/southeast-asia/685?section=10th - 15th century&heading=Angkor and Pagan" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-item h-100 "> <div class="carousel-item__img-box"> <div class="w-100 d-flex justify-content-center d-lg-block"> <div> <div class="d-flex justify-content-center items-center"> <img src="https://historyworld-images.s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/MagnaCartaxapb300.jpg" class="d-block" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="carousel-caption carousel-item__text-box text-left"> <h3 class="text-dark">Magna Carta</h3> <p class="">Having accepted the document under duress, John immediately sends a request to the pope (now his ally) to have it annulled. Innocent III obliges in August of this same year, 1215. The result is a renewal of the civil war. The king's death in 1216, followed by the succession of his 9-year-old son as Henry III, brings a pause during which more moderate council prevails. When Henry comes of age, in 1225, archbishop Stephen Langton persuades him to reissue Magna Carta in a slightly modified ...</p> <a href="/history/england-2nd-century-ad-to-1707/556?section=Plantagenets&heading=Magna Carta" id="readMoreBtn">Read More</a> </div> </div> <div class="slide-arrows d-flex justify-content-sm-between fixed-bottom position-absolute"> <a class="" href="#historyCarousel" role="button" data-slide="prev"> <span class=""> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/pagination-arrow-single.svg" class=" w-35" alt="Single-arrow"> </span> </a> <a class="" href="#historyCarousel" role="button" data-slide="next"> <span class=""> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/pagination-arrow-single.svg" class=" w-35" alt="Single-arrow" style="transform: rotate(180deg);"> </span> </a> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="mobile-none" style="width: 400px; height: 400px;" data-wordart-src="//cdn.wordart.com/json/d5b5xzib5ahp" ></div> </div> <div class="align-items-center links position-relative d-flex justify-content-between w-100 col-lg-12"> <div class="col-lg-3"> <a href="/histories"> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/histories.svg" alt="History Icon" id="listhistories"> Histories </a> </div> <div class="pagination-container col-lg-4"> <button class="prev-btn navigation"> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/pagination-arrow.svg" alt="prev-icon"> </button> <div class="box" id="pagination"> <ul class="scroll alphabetical-scroll"></ul> </div> <button class="next-btn navigation"> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/pagination-arrow.svg" alt="next-icon"> </button> </div> <div class="col-lg-3"> <a href="/timelines"> <img src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/img/timelines.svg" alt="Timeline Icon" id="timelines"> Timelines </a> </div> </div>  </div> </div> </section>  </main>  <footer id="footer"> <div class="footer-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-2 col-md-6 footer-links"> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 footer-links"> <ul> <li> <i class="bx bx-chevron-right"></i> <a href="/histories">Histories Index</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 footer-links"> <ul> <li> <i class="bx bx-chevron-right"></i> <a href="/timelines">Timelines Index</a> </li> <li> <i class="bx bx-chevron-right"></i> <a href="/event-timelines">Search Timelines</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 footer-links"> <ul> <li> <i class="bx bx-chevron-right"></i> <a href="/about_us">About</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container d-md-flex py-4"> <div class="mr-md-auto text-center text-md-left"> <div class="copyright"> © Copyright 2025 <strong><span>Historyworld</span></strong> </div> </div>  </div> </footer>  <a href="#" class="back-to-top"><i class="icofont-simple-up"></i></a>  <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/jquery.easing/jquery.easing.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/js/minify/validate.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/waypoints/jquery.waypoints.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/counterup/counterup.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/owl.carousel/owl.carousel.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/isotope-layout/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/js/minify/aos.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/typed.js/lib/typed.min.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/js/jquery.twbsPagination.min.js"></script>   <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/assets/vendor/select2/js/select2.full.min.js"></script>   <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/js/minify/treeStructure.js"></script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/js/minify/main.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript"> "use strict"; // initialize select2 initSelect2(); //Initialize Select2 Elements function initSelect2() { $('.select2').select2(); } </script> <script> $(window).on('load', function () { hideSpinner(); }); var hideSpinner = function () { $(".spinner-box").hide(); } </script> <script src="https://www.historyworld.net/js/alphabeticalPagination.js"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

HistoryWorld - History and Timelines | Historyworld