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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80+%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%96%B4" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80+%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%96%B4" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">고대 투피어</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 22개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tup%C3%AD" title="Tupí – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tupí" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="لغة توبي – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة توبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llengua_tup%C3%AD" title="Llengua tupí – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llengua tupí" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupi-Sprache" title="Tupi-Sprache – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tupi-Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupi_language" title="Tupi language – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tupi language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupia_lingvo" title="Tupia lingvo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tupia lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tup%C3%AD_antiguo" title="Tupí antiguo – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tupí antiguo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupi_ancien" title="Tupi ancien – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tupi ancien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tup%C3%AD" title="Lingua tupí – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua tupí" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harshen_Tupi" title="Harshen Tupi – 하우사어" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Harshen Tupi" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="하우사어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%A2%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="טופי עתיקה – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טופי עתיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Tupi" title="Bahasa Tupi – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Tupi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tupi_antica" title="Lingua tupi antica – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua tupi antica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitupi" title="Kitupi – 콩고어" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kitupi" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="콩고어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_tup%C3%AE" title="Zimanê tupî – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê tupî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klassisk_tup%C3%AD" title="Klassisk tupí – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Klassisk tupí" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_tupi" title="Lenga tupi – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga tupi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_tupi" title="Língua tupi – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua tupi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B8_(%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA)" title="Тупи (язык) – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тупи (язык)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupi_language" title="Tupi language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tupi language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupice" title="Tupice – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tupice" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%96" title="Стара мова Тупі – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стара мова Тупі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q56944#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="이름공간"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80_%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%96%B4" title="본문 보기 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>문서</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80_%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%96%B4" rel="discussion" title="문서의 내용에 대한 토론 문서 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="언어 변종 바꾸기" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">한국어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <table class="infobox"> <caption style="border-top: 0.35em solid lightblue; border-bottom: 0.35em solid lightblue; margin: 0.25em 0em 0.5em 0em;">투피어<br /><span style="font-size: 80%;">ñeengatú,ñeendyba,abáñeenga</span> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><span class="nowrap">사용 국가 </span> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A7%88" title="브라질">브라질</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><span class="nowrap">사용 지역 </span> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EC%95%84%EB%A9%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4" title="남아메리카">남아메리카</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><span class="nowrap">언어 인구 </span> </th> <td>사멸 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EC%A1%B1" title="어족">언어 계통</a> </span> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%96%B4%EC%A1%B1" title="투피어족">투피어족</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EA%B3%BC%EB%9D%BC%EB%8B%88%EC%96%B4%ED%8C%8C" title="투피과라니어파">투피·과라니어파</a><br />  <b>투피어</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:lightblue; color:black;">언어 부호 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a> </th> <td><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/sai" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:sai">sai</a></code> 고대 투피어 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A8%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8" title="글로톨로그">글로톨로그</a> </span> </th> <td><samp><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/subg1261">subg1261</a></samp>  <span class="nowrap">(Tupi + Omagua-Cocama)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Glottolog_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glottolog-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Arte_de_gram%C3%A1tica_da_l%C3%ADngua_mais_usada_na_costa_do_Brasil_-_Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta-corte.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Arte_de_gram%C3%A1tica_da_l%C3%ADngua_mais_usada_na_costa_do_Brasil_-_Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta-corte.jpeg/220px-Arte_de_gram%C3%A1tica_da_l%C3%ADngua_mais_usada_na_costa_do_Brasil_-_Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta-corte.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Arte_de_gram%C3%A1tica_da_l%C3%ADngua_mais_usada_na_costa_do_Brasil_-_Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta-corte.jpeg/330px-Arte_de_gram%C3%A1tica_da_l%C3%ADngua_mais_usada_na_costa_do_Brasil_-_Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta-corte.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Arte_de_gram%C3%A1tica_da_l%C3%ADngua_mais_usada_na_costa_do_Brasil_-_Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta-corte.jpeg/440px-Arte_de_gram%C3%A1tica_da_l%C3%ADngua_mais_usada_na_costa_do_Brasil_-_Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta-corte.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2727" data-file-height="2110" /></a><figcaption>Anchieta, José de. Arte de gramática da língua mais usada na costa do Brasil. Ed. da Bibliotéca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro : Imprensa Nacional, 1933. Facsímile da 1. ed. (1595).</figcaption></figure> <p><b>고대 투피어</b>(Old Tupi language)는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EC%A7%88" title="브라질">브라질</a> 해안 지역의 원주민인 <a href="/wiki/%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%A1%B1" title="투피족">투피족</a>(특히 <a href="/wiki/%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EB%82%A8%EB%B0%94%EC%A1%B1" title="투피남바족">투피남바족</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EB%8B%88%ED%82%B9%EC%A1%B1" title="투피니킹족">투피니킹족</a>)이 쓰던 언어이다. <a href="/wiki/%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EA%B3%BC%EB%9D%BC%EB%8B%88%EC%96%B4%EA%B5%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="투피과라니어군">투피-과라니어족</a>에 속한다. 현재는 사멸되었기 때문에 고(古) 투피어로 불린다. 아메리카 원주민 언어로서는 드물게 16세기부터 문자언어로 기록된 문헌이 남아 있으며, 브라질에서 유럽인 교역자들과 원주민 사이에서 널리 쓰인 교통어(<a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%81%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%84_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%B9%B4" title="링구아 프랑카">링구아 프랑카</a>)의 기반이 되었다. 이를 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%81%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%84_%EC%A0%9C%EB%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="링구아 제랄 (없는 문서)">링구아 제랄</a>(língua geral)이라 하는데, 나중에 포르투갈 당국에 의해 사용이 금지되면서 급속히 쇠퇴하였고, 현재까지 살아남은 유일한 변종은 아마조니아의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%9C%EC%97%A5%EA%B0%80%ED%88%AC%EC%96%B4" title="녜엥가투어">녜엥가투어</a>(Nheengatu)이다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B3%A0%EB%8C%80_%ED%88%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%96%B4&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Glottolog-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Glottolog_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, 편집. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/subg1261">〈Subgroup III〉</a>. 《<a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%80%EB%A1%9C%ED%86%A8%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8" title="글로톨로그">Glottolog 4.8</a>》. 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