CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913504aa6db391b1',cH: 'jd8VeeLUIo.OSWajHPmx4lFLs2VMrarXy9wAAXF4IVU-1739787347-1.2.1.1-58yHio93mbbEfMJerNIKHqvRQ8yxXArF9mkQn7q7ftFdxnOpXubKoxlei1.MXIIp',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/7461\/a-full-scale-test-of-coping-girder-integrated-bridge?__cf_chl_tk=xlhhxKFmVmxGiINe2yLXVPzTkrA3EB9Twhn6VMz.d6k-1739787347-1.0.1.1-M6BhFu_tM8qPYw2Jkzfm3Otkp6I3PCsEGnIsIlor.64",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739787347',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/7461\/a-full-scale-test-of-coping-girder-integrated-bridge?__cf_chl_f_tk=xlhhxKFmVmxGiINe2yLXVPzTkrA3EB9Twhn6VMz.d6k-1739787347-1.0.1.1-M6BhFu_tM8qPYw2Jkzfm3Otkp6I3PCsEGnIsIlor.64",md: "vifnNYdGkPJs34Md_EBCHvrjbfJhux6.blE7RG5IClU-1739787347-1.2.1.1-41tcFz2wXwiBrCpw0B_TzAExsqU67RUHNEBA52AJXB56CVGkaVSeLev4v4ZTJMwp3Y9GOnAsgnEgRAXgf84c_pCz.hCq2b2HB0Zh1bEgD14uWKt1TIZlA_VGUUT2rPfzdINXPVDXlB6SxCbRjiSC.OjKk41dTBZmPbCxglKG924JYSYcAHNpsnCj9sF5ZDKD8k1NmBn0lJXwukNG8iwC9MG1.YUYXfK8x9juxkgLpHJPsacmfAbpS7LocQMsfQzZRInX1EcaWXdM0aLp4ZorcLt5dlOXaan6iHHC0F2yr2Gn4Drff5r1U6CxjAzayDvX2aqmEXpoSEmyFPPdbWY3yY.z29OJ7g9k9dxHTLTvyPsHUbkknlmw3HXqXZvSrw3j2yZwwfkrUW401DZpobH_nQHs6ACyQEFZa5gXo1TTol5jkq_UeCmTKYfptvBrbjSLbYe4cvRYfIqGhcI3d0UJlSgU4KoWn7b9hXUewtF6gSJiKpsJecUWx.7jF6U1lJ6OeY7FbKzohMDP95W8fpj_qGY2Lb0NXiz0_u97Kh0zxvA_INX8w6QgqukTnawy55gDB_vbJKSuVZdD_hGeYSFU1WQ3ZGHdbVT82qJIcCCyijLb9H21e97eX6EZPmYOAJvbeTnhmSZFXmQc_TUV0EayePsMPfNjTnZuG0JR1DHEY67wLs89fXx0FRr.IGsYsjrmSqyHox9v2HGrFxGbopKoHF7br9CiCcfleRKTtumBmremMPUMNNOBP.Rywgb4XV98lzt.KoYOkjoeET7MxqiS8hkzeQ4EiT3xgW1qF9to9yTUz3a3cJIk9BiCjxR5phLzeOBv2RzT8Z_4saIdiQzccORogYqa_4gM29b0F64oyM1oeBdGuKYtKo8MH3VaRvXVZ4LEtuta7gf6INHTDljXeMUTjGO7_Wgf0yVkUD01RhAUe8MEVeWaYzX6gD_iq62BFA_RhldmzAXA1XI.PRvPxUw0TvdI2khf5tlUfH._bVX3BXlygPVznnkeQoVwrutMQ9DdYuKASxHtr9M16pqt2pHSdmf8agx77F.iOC1N6BVPfdGO8LwzvKjiJUzJhV3phDDTqtYKv0U9CQe4cXoj2g8OD6vT92IYeEq.c8fLsuUudJj9tCUnh057RKtn6OZBQIowBTZwW.xrXhDtFRsmu50rsQWmoS3BsA1zPxFKPpAj3r_Q_GEgiwRTWO9b8dyyMdRxtHHSwtLgbq8ohCQt_X9aT1D1_E1VuQfBQm.r7QogH35Na1tHrPM0mNHVMsXc2pgGLGjrgVzjxcY6FmhCwaOG43857.8sRf663.fWUQG6mMenawfzEoH2KT3yxzZOqwtE9GioJM9D1_WvpaZ339TfR5t7AaHZMyX_C_0i1.scIT_5ZCYqX45zIj0.o2xi77SU3zhvXQuZ0wkRrk0V_qQsmZ2jC09bOuioMkfOUf4pElqCDVan19uSbRtrh41GoT8e.Wnze_2u_pAc7ZAse90az3fR5oa1uE.7KzRkeC731aqjH.3YN2OUeyZtTIclTFA6L0b9LQO4APUILTCF41CvzU5TZS0yQB0RLMhlxo4.ZDdDlM7iBZxv22eThB1I2.nhhGjigw5wWO1kEg9UkCZfzByB4wFYirmFN.kPPELvyBM_Z2.K4Mmri.VL4nfsSP4CD9N.VjGHbuMFnNcSfu4Y4Tr2PmzZ_kPyN.Ib0RTi1y43IAzIQRRE6n6.3F9RYlvNpyvIxHxWXDHMIsVGjT..rMTYIsNtp2jcreduIo4jVngbwAeeVrtys6pJjGodjmWdhhFoNXLc7R6I80BGu97eIuC88vcHFmx551Z4EKY_ju5m.3qCp1CZbpqZjwuaTOdY5uXKVIjLxkYJ54dO.sTUm0FmJ2iHe0p2y.cWg1m2LJeUHqNQHSUYcBXq9suUTUDf3irAb0kcNNBbjdz5rZuSZr8pv3vwjNDK9DEnyKAK97Z2Rjoy5NtlwHngg0va2AASJVYG1E1e4QWRkx9zH_T_U53K0o_U6ysJhTUqsqWCdxqg3rI81Hs1ysZQlG2Z",mdrd: "nczLvxome7x_RQH8kCKl6mQSIZqhLp54nQ_FMry5K0o-1739787347-1.2.1.1-LJ.lZ3XEqZeCxNqLsDmKql80viL_ELS1WKL0u8NeM5evpEt2Y2u.w73T7wTDRN.NAKctv_5Av4GncakJ8htIDjvVtfQlHh3JgRyGiwdC1EL.VqA4Sgcgw73GCbw4HDC9RHzg2VYMOuTGiu6i7JI6ffGkFnyQysORHKJv.7hV7pF33KWxlQ.7W_jrrBUWH5n0uhhGr04snTdWYdi2HRZLh8utkZDEniyv9OR6Xp7zWDrqq13pLAIJZ17cqm1GQsX3WbJnY8XxhhYGsBxtZA3bMDR2QDhJyh6_ghEcx.Vgdcc0dVNMCrD8Qh2fs9Yys_vTeRWAciKHJ5mCvvX_wSNfN5zO118qbEI9AddYpVyIPG8UlCyMuhClgec6jKMLxiRhy3J.rsZ9K7b.TcNT8drIrSuym1.R2rPuqnWXEwZzGSPL1F4HChna6FSr0_iUn1Jzt.RrZC040yR0rJZKhPcH06cEJmkrDtuKlRz0D2rwFlp5p3YVe_nFPUsXXT4eIOvSaiLIb5gPfV3Dd5UY14n0Ftz1ignRQBLFDqwE2ATSbt6OCzxU.Vvtki.tTlpPukpnjLfiA1VGF5uuwFWPAFekLWfqQdxj8_0773Jy3sJJJqBYrhw0YSbDScxjeSrhPFbtE_p3Fc.z51vJRePQwjMnYl9XwV.36n8tpmmZwMjh5mAoBGCvpJg7koNjswevCVKvJX8B83nSF0baARRy6tU9fv_1OdmVBSfWhYt_nYI9I.QDxc42Lmm0ICw6zfqeQ8ZJUjPzNc3u6OJsB0QylPH26WICf9ZFBLg6t_wVVuudGnj7JNKnhLCBuDyG_fXQ00AuOQ9m7qVJt8E8IdYKVmkZ2BGX0DhhPfxQZ4OnUnNuyIepuu8jOj5or_dEH5M_0mYoXzHEPVi9UyPE7m7Tz0LIWD6fFjkdElUACRB6GJiStW9GSMvvxbkK7ARpB57kuyrM3lAkWxr13vz9QS8XtgPE0XQUUNRZ17leC.Dw5qBtKlOlxxx172KbTQ91R3HhkJjMx2gZF0jsTEfI_8oc.9sGo6QeMypBbZ2KZcxWegX1j_0mzUEIvOKf5cAe90E5XMlblw1j3IT7s_J4cVZtCHgpZZt2exRULbbsqHVjGsEk2pnCYdLlWJo41jpvsFsmb1gVIYux988E83L400bme8ZgKon3mIjxdvkiMzPGoqcigYrRSF7KOpjC3wBsYFAR2Yz5hv5Afpx3kwxCxZv2SquDU1j2AT6LP7lJXdASQ3QsMEZAuIZF0_K8CKIkn8etfja1Rzism6OoF1nqYerYyG4pUsEtU1.52wRp1UdYAcYSUXFl8GGK60MwP_qM5jPdKMxyK3LV6yTXFX3SJbE6Qm1GYy3MNnFfIpSOoVzlQQNNLhPi8u6x1jiL98vd2j5KGYmWAwwYR613YSqdQXl09BdfH_oOCyxXZH8v43PyQuBrbSpPJSBsyjq5tAD_HRusIMD2eYGY8zz4gDvxH6N1zoOGI7yi4b4nPZMZ.neSFU6REE8svTQp8QHdWsZZWlY6q.9EFzjFdCYfgLRLop5qqO4vIvxenHMS9QLgDvbTPw4egZFvV2.0brdyrbksPfXHJXIMGoYOAsejOcInwI0sfH.khtR.BluWN9i26EU2tABAldANy_j.4rxD4a1FVTwnG9p.kcis8ccoFGSOAYR6Opm5cx86oQiuqwj2lQYVFUVsJONqPGBk5u6WutBJvQXq52_pZaVp2XNSZ4zTaVYCkkuqHUrsVlRv.YcfoGAyvjhixB1iK3acklvztSWVVZotZKrhbYxcaCArcyKtKFsV2Hiumi6ctI6_1Bksg5zl2ZmzF7i6Vk5aAsOPIHZOhJBgnBO1GkCKF7c0XKZh0ljBAtvMsZUJJqvyhkv_v8SRw3RQ3_k9orpig2BNNH4IVZJPDzSc_v8rIA7JZOLFKhe47gAbD0GDmBmPHn0QBSJpsCQUgP67lCXcQ7HjgxY7lreku53N"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913504aa6db391b1';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/7461\/a-full-scale-test-of-coping-girder-integrated-bridge?__cf_chl_rt_tk=xlhhxKFmVmxGiINe2yLXVPzTkrA3EB9Twhn6VMz.d6k-1739787347-1.0.1.1-M6BhFu_tM8qPYw2Jkzfm3Otkp6I3PCsEGnIsIlor.64" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>