CINXE.COM

How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- Social Warfare v4.5.4 https://warfareplugins.com - BEGINNING OF OUTPUT --> <style> @font-face { font-family: "sw-icon-font"; src:url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.eot?ver=4.5.4"); src:url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.eot?ver=4.5.4#iefix") format("embedded-opentype"), url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.woff?ver=4.5.4") format("woff"), url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.ttf?ver=4.5.4") format("truetype"), url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/fonts/sw-icon-font.svg?ver=4.5.4#1445203416") format("svg"); font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; font-display:block; } </style> <!-- Social Warfare v4.5.4 https://warfareplugins.com - END OF OUTPUT --> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.7 (Yoast SEO v23.7) - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?</title><link rel="preload" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1.png" as="image" imagesrcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1.png 555w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-300x176.png 300w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-335x196.png 335w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-347x203.png 347w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-520x305.png 520w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-150x88.png 150w" imagesizes="(max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px" fetchpriority="high" /><style id="perfmatters-used-css">.wp-block-embed.alignleft,.wp-block-embed.alignright,.wp-block[data-align=left]>[data-type="core/embed"],.wp-block[data-align=right]>[data-type="core/embed"]{max-width:360px;width:100%;}.wp-block-embed.alignleft .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block-embed.alignright .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block[data-align=left]>[data-type="core/embed"] .wp-block-embed__wrapper,.wp-block[data-align=right]>[data-type="core/embed"] .wp-block-embed__wrapper{min-width:280px;}.wp-block-cover .wp-block-embed{min-width:320px;min-height:240px;}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em;overflow-wrap:break-word;}.wp-block-embed figcaption{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em;}.wp-block-embed iframe{max-width:100%;}.wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:relative;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-has-aspect-ratio .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{content:"";display:block;padding-top:50%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-has-aspect-ratio iframe{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;height:100%;width:100%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-21-9 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:42.85%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-18-9 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:50%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-16-9 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:56.25%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-4-3 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:75%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-1-1 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:100%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-9-16 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:177.77%;}.wp-embed-responsive .wp-embed-aspect-1-2 .wp-block-embed__wrapper:before{padding-top:200%;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{overflow-wrap:break-word;}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em;}.wp-block-image img{height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom;}.wp-block-image:not(.is-style-rounded)>a,.wp-block-image:not(.is-style-rounded) img{border-radius:inherit;}.wp-block-image.aligncenter{text-align:center;}.wp-block-image .aligncenter,.wp-block-image .alignleft,.wp-block-image .alignright{display:table;}.wp-block-image .aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-image figure{margin:0;}ol,ul{overflow-wrap:break-word;}p{overflow-wrap:break-word;}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit;}.wp-block-separator{border-top:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;}.wp-block-social-links{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;text-indent:0;margin-left:0;}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a,.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a:hover{text-decoration:none;border-bottom:0;box-shadow:none;}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link a{padding:.25em;}.wp-block-social-links .wp-social-link svg{width:1em;height:1em;}.wp-block-social-links,.wp-block-social-links.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:24px;}.wp-block-social-links.aligncenter{justify-content:center;display:flex;}.wp-block-social-link{display:block;border-radius:9999px;transition:transform .1s ease;height:auto;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.wp-block-social-link{transition-duration:0s;transition-delay:0s;}}.wp-block-social-link a{display:block;line-height:0;transition:transform .1s ease;}.wp-block-social-link:hover{transform:scale(1.1);}.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:active,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:hover,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor:visited,.wp-block-social-links .wp-block-social-link .wp-block-social-link-anchor svg{color:currentColor;fill:currentColor;}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link{background-color:#f0f0f0;color:#444;}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-facebook{background-color:#1778f2;color:#fff;}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-instagram{background-color:#f00075;color:#fff;}.wp-block-social-links:not(.is-style-logos-only) .wp-social-link-pinterest{background-color:#e60122;color:#fff;}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px;}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center;}.aligncenter{clear:both;}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal !important;}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip:auto !important;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000;}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%;}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);position:absolute !important;}.screen-reader-text:active,.screen-reader-text:focus,.screen-reader-text:hover{background-color:#f1f1f1;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:0 0 2px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.6);clip:auto !important;color:#21759b;display:block;font-size:14px;font-weight:700;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000;}.lasso-display-table [data-tooltip]:before,.lasso-container [data-tooltip]:before,[data-tooltip]:after{position:absolute;visibility:hidden;opacity:0;transition:opacity .2s ease-in-out,visibility .2s ease-in-out,transform .2s cubic-bezier(.71,1.7,.77,1.24);transform:translate3d(0,0,0);pointer-events:none;}.lasso-display-table [data-tooltip]:hover:before,.lasso-container [data-tooltip]:hover:before,[data-tooltip]:hover:after,[data-tooltip]:focus:before,[data-tooltip]:focus:after{visibility:visible;opacity:1;}.lasso-display-table [data-tooltip]:before,.lasso-container [data-tooltip]:before,[data-tooltip]:after{bottom:100%;left:50%;}.lasso-display-table [data-tooltip]:hover:before,.lasso-container [data-tooltip]:hover:before,[data-tooltip]:hover:after,[data-tooltip]:focus:before,[data-tooltip]:focus:after{-webkit-transform:translateY(-12px);-moz-transform:translateY(-12px);transform:translateY(-12px);}:root{--green:#22baa0;--red:#e06470;--gray-border:#bcc6c9;--light-gray-border:#dee2e6;}a,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,em,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,object,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;vertical-align:baseline;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section{display:block;}body{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;color:#000;line-height:1;word-break:break-word;word-wrap:break-word;background:#fff;}ol,ul{list-style:none;}*,:after,:before{-webkit-box-sizing:inherit;box-sizing:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.wrapper{max-width:1200px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;}}.wrapper-content{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}@media (max-width:340px){.wrapper-content{padding-left:10px;padding-right:10px;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1135px){.wrapper-content{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-align:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}@supports (display:grid){.wrapper-content{-webkit-column-gap:50px;-moz-column-gap:50px;column-gap:50px;display:grid;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-template-areas:"content_before content_before" "main sidebar" "content_after content_after";grid-template-columns:1fr 300px;}}}@media only screen and (min-width:1250px){.wrapper-content{padding-right:0;padding-left:0;}}img{height:auto;}iframe,img{max-width:100%;}body{font-size:1.125rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size,1.125rem);font-family:Helvetica Neue,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-family:var(--mv-trellis-font-body,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif);font-weight:400;line-height:1.625;}.h1,.h2,.h3,.h4,.h5,.h6,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-family:Georgia,Times,Times New Roman,serif;font-family:var(--mv-trellis-font-heading,Georgia,Times,"Times New Roman",serif);display:block;margin-bottom:10px;margin-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-small,10px);font-weight:700;}.h1,.h1 .excerpt-link,.h2,.h2 .excerpt-link,.h3,.h3 .excerpt-link,.h4,.h4 .excerpt-link,.h5,.h5 .excerpt-link,.h6,.h6 .excerpt-link,h1,h1 .excerpt-link,h2,h2 .excerpt-link,h3,h3 .excerpt-link,h4,h4 .excerpt-link,h5,h5 .excerpt-link,h6,h6 .excerpt-link{color:#000;color:var(--mv-trellis-heading-font-color,#000);}.h1,h1{font-size:2.25rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-h1-font-size,2.25rem);}.h1,.h1 .excerpt-link,.h1 .excerpt-link:link,.h1 .excerpt-link:visited,h1,h1 .excerpt-link,h1 .excerpt-link:link,h1 .excerpt-link:visited{color:#000;color:var(--mv-trellis-h1-font-color,#000);}.h2,h2{font-size:1.6875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-h2-font-size,1.6875rem);}.h3,h3{font-size:1.4999625rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-h3-font-size,1.4999625rem);}.h4,h4{font-size:1.40625rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-h4-font-size,1.40625rem);}.h5,h5{font-size:1.265625rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-h5-font-size,1.265625rem);}address,ol,p,ul{margin-bottom:1.75rem;margin-bottom:calc(18px + var(--mv-trellis-gutter-small,10px));}a{text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:color .2s ease-in-out,-webkit-text-decoration .2s ease-in-out;transition:color .2s ease-in-out,-webkit-text-decoration .2s ease-in-out;transition:text-decoration .2s ease-in-out,color .2s ease-in-out;transition:text-decoration .2s ease-in-out,color .2s ease-in-out,-webkit-text-decoration .2s ease-in-out;}a,a:visited{color:#275f62;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#275f62);}a:focus,a:focus-within,a:hover{color:#44a6ab;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);text-decoration:underline;}b,strong{font-weight:700;}em{font-style:italic;}ul{list-style:disc;}li{margin-left:30px;margin-bottom:10px;}li li:first-child{margin-top:10px;}hr{margin:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large) 0;}.sidebar{font-size:1.125rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size,1.125rem);}.header{min-height:60px;}.header-container{display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-box;display:flex;position:relative;-ms-flex-align:center;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;flex-flow:row nowrap;}.header-container,.header-logo{-webkit-box-align:center;align-items:center;}.header-logo{font-size:1rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size,1rem);font-family:sans-serif;font-family:var(--mv-trellis-font-body,sans-serif);padding-bottom:10px;padding-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-small,10px);padding-top:10px;padding-top:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-small,10px);width:auto;margin:0 60px 0 0;font-weight:700;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;word-break:normal;-webkit-box-flex:1;-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;-ms-flex:0 0 calc(100% - 120px);flex:1 1 auto;flex:0 0 calc(100% - 120px);display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-ms-flex-align:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:3;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;}.header-logo,.header-logo:visited{color:#243746;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-heading,#243746);}.search-toggle~.header-logo{margin-right:0;}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.header-logo{-webkit-box-ordinal-group:2;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:initial;-ms-flex-order:1;-ms-flex-order:initial;order:1;order:0;padding-left:20px;padding-right:1rem;text-align:left;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1 1 25%;flex:1 1 25%;max-width:30%;-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1250px){.header-logo{padding-left:0;}}.header-logo picture{height:75px;max-width:100%;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.header-logo picture{height:75px;height:var(--mv-trellis-max-logo-size,75px);}}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.header-logo picture{-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;}}.header-logo-img{max-height:75px;margin:0 auto;width:auto;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.header-logo-img{max-height:75px;max-height:var(--mv-trellis-max-logo-size,75px);}}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.header-logo-img{margin:0;}}.archive-header,.entry-header,.page-header{padding:20px 0;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.archive-header,.entry-header,.page-header{padding:40px 0;padding:calc(var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) * 2) 0;}}h1.archive-title,h1.entry-title{font-size:2.25rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-h1-font-size,2.25rem);line-height:1.25;text-align:center;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){h1.archive-title,h1.entry-title{text-align:left;}}.archive-header,.entry-header,.featured-hero,.page-header{background-color:#fafafa;background-color:var(--mv-trellis-color-background-accent,#fafafa);margin-bottom:50px;margin-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px);position:relative;width:100%;}.archive-header:before,.entry-header:before,.featured-hero:before,.page-header:before{border-left:9999px solid #fafafa;border-left:9999px solid var(--mv-trellis-color-background-accent,#fafafa);bottom:0;-webkit-box-shadow:9999px 0 0 #fafafa;-webkit-box-shadow:9999px 0 0 var(--mv-trellis-color-background-accent,#fafafa);box-shadow:9999px 0 0 #fafafa;box-shadow:9999px 0 0 var(--mv-trellis-color-background-accent,#fafafa);content:"";left:-9999px;position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:-1;}.footer{font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);padding:50px 20px;padding:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px) 20px;color:#555;background-color:#fafafa;background-color:var(--mv-trellis-color-background-accent,#fafafa);}@media only screen and (min-width:1250px){.footer{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}}.footer-container{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;margin:-10px;padding:20px;padding:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) 20px;}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.footer-container{-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;max-width:100%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:340px){.footer-container{padding:20px 10px;padding:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) 10px;}}.footer-copy{color:#606060;font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);text-align:center;}.wrapper-footer{overflow:hidden;}.footer-widget-area{margin-right:10px;margin-left:10px;margin-bottom:20px;margin-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);overflow:hidden;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1 1 100%;flex:1 1 100%;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.footer-widget-area{-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1 1 50%;flex:1 1 50%;}}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.footer-widget-area{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:0 0 30%;flex:0 0 30%;}}.footer-widget-area.left-footer{-webkit-box-ordinal-group:1;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}.footer-widget-area.middle-footer{-webkit-box-ordinal-group:2;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;}.footer-widget-area.right-footer{-webkit-box-ordinal-group:3;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;}.nav{-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:0 0 60px;flex:0 0 60px;min-height:60px;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:2;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;text-align:left;}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.nav{-ms-flex-item-align:stretch;align-self:stretch;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:3;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;text-align:right;}.nav .wrapper{height:100%;}.nav .menu-item{text-align:left;}}.nav-list{list-style:none;}.nav-list li{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:0;}.nav li li:first-child{margin-top:0;}.nav ul{list-style-type:disc;-webkit-margin-after:0;margin-block-end:0;-webkit-margin-before:0;margin-block-start:0;-webkit-margin-end:0;margin-inline-end:0;-webkit-margin-start:0;margin-inline-start:0;-webkit-padding-start:0;padding-inline-start:0;}.nav .menu-item{text-transform:uppercase;}.nav .menu-item a{-webkit-transition:color .2s ease-in-out,background-color .2s ease-in-out;transition:color .2s ease-in-out,background-color .2s ease-in-out;display:block;color:#000;font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);line-height:1.25;padding:20px;text-decoration:none;word-break:normal;}.nav .menu-item a,.nav .menu-item a:visited{color:#000;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#000);}.nav .menu-item a:focus,.nav .menu-item a:focus-within,.nav .menu-item a:hover{color:#44a6ab;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);}@media only screen and (max-width:340px){.nav .menu-item a{padding:20px 10px;padding:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) 10px;}}.nav .menu-item a:active{color:#000;}li.menu-item{display:block;position:relative;}.nav .menu-item a,.nav .sub-menu .menu-item a{line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:.1em;}.nav .menu-item a:active,.nav .menu-item a:focus,.nav .menu-item a:focus-within,.nav .menu-item a:hover,.nav .sub-menu .menu-item a:active,.nav .sub-menu .menu-item a:focus,.nav .sub-menu .menu-item a:focus-within,.nav .sub-menu .menu-item a:hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05);}.sub-menu{margin:0;}.nav-toggle{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform .2s ease-in-out;transition:-webkit-transform .2s ease-in-out;transition:transform .2s ease-in-out;transition:transform .2s ease-in-out,-webkit-transform .2s ease-in-out;display:block;width:100%;padding:20px;border-radius:0;color:#000;background:transparent;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;text-align:left;}.nav-toggle:focus,.nav-toggle:focus-within,.nav-toggle:hover{color:#336e78;background:transparent;}.nav-toggle:focus-within svg,.nav-toggle:focus svg,.nav-toggle:hover svg{fill:#336e78;-webkit-transform:scale(1.1);transform:scale(1.1);}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.nav-toggle{display:none;}}.nav-toggle svg{-webkit-transition:fill .2s ease-in-out;transition:fill .2s ease-in-out;width:16px;height:16px;margin-top:3.2px;fill:#000;}.nav-closed{display:none;}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.nav-container{padding:0;height:100%;}.nav-toggle{display:none;}.nav-closed{display:block;}.nav-closed,.nav-open{-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;}.nav-list{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;height:100%;-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;position:relative;}.nav-list .menu-item-has-children>.sub-menu{visibility:hidden;opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale(.95);transform:scale(.95);-webkit-transition:opacity .2s ease,-webkit-transform .2s ease;transition:opacity .2s ease,-webkit-transform .2s ease;transition:opacity .2s ease,transform .2s ease;transition:opacity .2s ease,transform .2s ease,-webkit-transform .2s ease;}.nav-list .menu-item-has-children:focus-within>.sub-menu,.nav-list .menu-item-has-children:focus>.sub-menu,.nav-list .menu-item-has-children:hover>.sub-menu{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1);opacity:1;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 1.563rem .313rem rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:0 0 1.563rem .313rem rgba(0,0,0,.1);}.nav-list>.menu-item>.sub-menu{min-width:100%;}.nav-list .menu-item{line-height:2rem;position:relative;}.nav .nav-list .menu-item a{border:none;padding:10px;}.nav .nav-list .menu-item a:focus,.nav .nav-list .menu-item a:focus-within,.nav .nav-list .menu-item a:hover{background:transparent;}.nav .nav-list .menu-item .menu-item>a{padding:10px 20px;}.nav-list .sub-menu{background-color:#fff;margin:0 auto;position:absolute;top:calc(100% + 1px);right:0;max-width:250px;width:-webkit-max-content;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content;z-index:999;}.nav-list .sub-menu .menu-item,.nav-list .sub-menu .sub-menu{margin:0;}.nav-list .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:after{color:#275f62;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#275f62);bottom:0;content:"◂";font-size:1rem;left:0;right:auto;top:0;padding:0 5px;position:absolute;}.nav-list .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:focus-within>.sub-menu,.nav-list .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:focus>.sub-menu,.nav-list .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:hover>.sub-menu{left:auto;right:100%;top:0;}.nav-list>.menu-item:nth-child(-n+2):not(:nth-last-child(-n+3)) .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:after{content:"▸";right:0;left:auto;}.nav-list>.menu-item:nth-child(-n+2):not(:nth-last-child(-n+3)) .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:focus-within>.sub-menu,.nav-list>.menu-item:nth-child(-n+2):not(:nth-last-child(-n+3)) .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:focus>.sub-menu,.nav-list>.menu-item:nth-child(-n+2):not(:nth-last-child(-n+3)) .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:hover>.sub-menu{left:100%;right:auto;}}@media only screen and (min-width:960px)and (min-width:960px)and (hover:none)and (any-pointer:coarse){.nav-list .sub-menu>.menu-item-has-children:after{font-size:2rem;}}@media only screen and (min-width:960px)and (min-width:960px){.toggle-sub-menu{display:none;}}@media only screen and (min-width:960px)and (min-width:960px)and (hover:none)and (any-pointer:coarse){.toggle-sub-menu{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;}}@media (hover:none)and (any-pointer:coarse),(max-width:959px){.nav>.nav-wrapper>nav.nav-container>ul>li:not(.sub-menu-open)>ul.sub-menu,.nav>.nav-wrapper>nav.nav-container>ul>li>ul.sub-menu>li:not(.sub-menu-open)>ul.sub-menu{display:none;}.nav>.nav-wrapper>nav.nav-container>ul>li>a{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.nav>.nav-wrapper>nav.nav-container>ul>li>a:hover{color:#41a4a9;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-primary,#41a4a9);}.nav>.nav-wrapper>nav.nav-container>ul>li>a>span{display:block;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}.nav>.nav-wrapper>nav.nav-container>ul>li.menu-item span.toggle-sub-menu{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;margin-left:.25em;padding:8px;}li span.toggle-sub-menu svg{width:16px;height:16px;}li span.toggle-sub-menu svg path{fill:#41a4a9;fill:var(--mv-trellis-color-primary,#41a4a9);}.sub-menu{position:relative;}.sub-menu li{padding-left:30px;}}@media only screen and (hover:none)and (any-pointer:coarse)and (max-width:340px),only screen and (max-width:959px)and (max-width:340px){.sub-menu li{padding-left:20px;}}#content{grid-area:main;max-width:728px;margin:0 auto;min-width:auto;padding-bottom:50px;padding-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px);width:100%;}@media only screen and (min-width:960px)and (min-width:0\0){#content{width:calc(100% - 300px);padding-right:10px;}}main img{margin-bottom:1em;}.article-post{padding-bottom:50px;padding-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px);}.entry-content{margin-top:50px;margin-top:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px);}.entry-content a:not(.wp-block-button__link){text-decoration:underline;}:root{--mv-trellis-featured-post-offset:calc(var(--mv-trellis-h1-font-size,2.25rem) * 1.625);}.sidebar{grid-area:sidebar;margin:50px auto 0;margin:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px) auto 0;padding:0;width:300px;}@media only screen and (min-width:960px){.sidebar{padding-bottom:50px;padding-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px);}.sidebar .mv-sticky-slot{-ms-flex-item-align:end;align-self:flex-end;margin:0 auto;position:sticky;top:1rem;}}.sidebar .widget-container:first-of-type:not(.about-author){border:1px solid #e1e1e1;margin-top:50px;padding:10px;}@media only screen and (min-width:1135px){:not(.hidden-page-title) .sidebar{margin-top:69.25px;margin-top:calc(var(--mv-trellis-gutter-double,40px) + var(--mv-trellis-h1-font-size,2.25rem) * 1.625 / 2);}aside.sidebar-primary:nth-child(3),aside.sidebar-primary:nth-child(4){margin-top:90px;margin-top:calc(var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px) * 4 + var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) + var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem));}}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.post-navigation .nav-links{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;gap:20px;margin-bottom:20px;margin-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);}}.post-navigation .nav-links a:not(.post-thumbnail):first-child{margin-top:auto;}.post-navigation .nav-next,.post-navigation .nav-previous{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;margin-bottom:20px;margin-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);text-decoration:none;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.post-navigation .nav-next,.post-navigation .nav-previous{-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1 1 50%;flex:1 1 50%;max-width:325px;}}.post-navigation .nav-next>a,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:horizontal;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;margin:0 0 20px;margin:0 0 var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);text-decoration:none;}.post-navigation .nav-next>a,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:visited,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:visited{color:#275f62;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#275f62);}.post-navigation .nav-next>a:active,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:focus,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:focus-within,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:hover,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:active,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:focus,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:focus-within,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:hover{color:#44a6ab;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);}.post-navigation .nav-next>a:active .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:active .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:focus-within .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:focus-within .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:focus .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:focus .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:hover .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next>a:hover .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:active .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:active .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:focus-within .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:focus-within .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:focus .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:focus .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:hover .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a:hover .post-title.h3{color:inherit;}.post-navigation .nav-next>a p,.post-navigation .nav-previous>a p{margin-bottom:20px;margin-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);}.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:active+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:active+a .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:focus+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:focus+a .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:focus-within+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:focus-within+a .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:hover+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-next a.post-thumbnail:hover+a .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:active+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:active+a .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:focus+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:focus+a .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:focus-within+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:focus-within+a .post-title.h3,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:hover+a .nav-meta,.post-navigation .nav-previous a.post-thumbnail:hover+a .post-title.h3{color:#44a6ab;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);}.post-navigation .nav-next a:last-of-type,.post-navigation .nav-previous a:last-of-type{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:reverse;-ms-flex-direction:column-reverse;flex-direction:column-reverse;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:100%;}.post-navigation .nav-next .post-title:after{content:"→";padding-left:.2em;}.post-navigation .nav-previous .post-title:before{content:"←";padding-right:.2em;}.post-navigation .post-thumbnail{min-width:130px;max-width:100%;}.post-navigation .post-thumbnail img{margin-bottom:0;}.post-navigation .post-title-wrap{line-height:1.25;text-align:center;}.post-navigation .post-title{color:inherit;margin-bottom:0;}.post-navigation .nav-next{margin-left:auto;}.btn,button,input[type=submit]{font-size:1rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size,1rem);background-color:#275f62;background-color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#275f62);-webkit-transition:color .2s ease-in-out,background-color .2s ease-in-out;transition:color .2s ease-in-out,background-color .2s ease-in-out;display:block;width:100%;padding:10px 20px;border:none;border-radius:0;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;font-weight:600;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;}.btn,.btn:visited,button,button:visited,input[type=submit]{color:#fff;}.btn:focus,.btn:focus-within,.btn:hover,button:focus,button:focus-within,button:hover,input[type=submit]:focus,input[type=submit]:focus-within,input[type=submit]:hover{background-color:#44a6ab;background-color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);color:#fff;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.btn,button,input[type=submit]{display:inline-block;width:auto;}}.btn:active,button:active,input[type=submit]:active{-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.35);box-shadow:inset 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.35);}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.btn,button,input[type=submit]{padding:10px 20px;}}.trellis-comments .trellis-comment{border:1px solid #e1e1e1;margin:20px 0;padding:20px;}.trellis-comments .trellis-comment-header{margin-bottom:20px;display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.trellis-comments .trellis-comment-text{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;margin-left:10px;}.trellis-comments .trellis-comment-author{color:#1e1e1e;font-weight:700;margin:0;}.trellis-comments .trellis-comment-date{margin:0;color:#919191;font-size:75%;}.trellis-comments .trellis-comment-child{margin:20px;padding:20px;border-left:1px solid #e1e1e1;}@media screen and (max-width:700px){.trellis-comments .trellis-comment-child{margin:15px 0 0;padding:0 0 0 15px;}}input[type=email],input[type=password],input[type=search],input[type=text],select,textarea{font-size:1rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size,1rem);-webkit-transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out;transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out;width:100%;margin:0 0 10px;margin:0 0 calc(var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) / 2);padding:6.6666666667px;padding:calc(var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) / 3);border:1px solid #e1e1e1;outline:none;background:#fff;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;}input[type=email][disabled],input[type=password][disabled],input[type=search][disabled],input[type=text][disabled],select[disabled],textarea[disabled]{border-color:#eee;background-color:#f2f2f2;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;cursor:not-allowed;}input[type=email]:focus,input[type=password]:focus,input[type=search]:focus,input[type=text]:focus,select:focus,textarea:focus{border-color:#41a4a9;}input,textarea{resize:vertical;}::-webkit-input-placeholder{font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);}::-moz-placeholder{font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);}:-ms-input-placeholder{font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);}::-ms-input-placeholder{font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);}::placeholder{font-size:.875rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,.875rem);}img:before{content:"";width:1px;margin-left:-1px;height:0;float:left;}img:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both;}.mvt-no-js .lazyload,.mvt-no-js .trellis-proxy-form{display:none;}.entry-footer{clear:both;color:#555;}.entry-footer .tag-title{border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;font-size:.75rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-ex-sm,.75rem);margin:50px 0 20px;margin:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-large,50px) 0 var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);padding-bottom:10px;padding-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter-small,10px);}.entry-footer .tags-links{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.entry-footer .tags-links a{max-width:100%;border:1px solid #e1e1e1;-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;font-size:.75rem;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-ex-sm,.75rem);margin:5px 20px 5px 0;padding:8px 12px;text-decoration:none;-webkit-transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out;transition:background-color .2s ease-in-out;}.entry-footer .tags-links a:focus,.entry-footer .tags-links a:focus-within,.entry-footer .tags-links a:hover{background-color:#e1e1e1;}.trellis-comments p.trellis-comment-date{color:#1e1e1e;font-size:smaller;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-ex-sm,smaller);}#search-container{display:none;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:#fff;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;}#search-container .search-close{padding:20px;color:#275f62;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#275f62);background-color:transparent;-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:0 0 50px;flex:0 0 50px;}#search-container .search-close:focus,#search-container .search-close:focus-within,#search-container .search-close:hover{color:#44a6ab;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);}.searchform{max-width:450px;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1 1 auto;flex:1 1 auto;}.searchform label{margin-right:10px;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex:1;flex:1;}.searchform .search-field{border-color:#275f62;border-color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#275f62);border-radius:10px;line-height:1;margin-bottom:0;padding:10px 20px;}.searchform .search-field:focus{border-color:#44a6ab;border-color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);}.footer .searchform .search-field{border-radius:0;}.searchform .search-submit{display:none;}.searchform button,.searchform input[type=submit]{width:60px;height:60px;padding:7px 20px;background:transparent;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;line-height:60px;-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:0 0 auto;flex:0 0 auto;}.searchform button:focus,.searchform button:focus-within,.searchform button:hover,.searchform input[type=submit]:focus,.searchform input[type=submit]:focus-within,.searchform input[type=submit]:hover{background:transparent;}.searchform button:focus-within .magnifying-glass,.searchform button:focus .magnifying-glass,.searchform button:hover .magnifying-glass,.searchform input[type=submit]:focus-within .magnifying-glass,.searchform input[type=submit]:focus .magnifying-glass,.searchform input[type=submit]:hover .magnifying-glass{color:#41a4a9;color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#41a4a9);-webkit-transform:scale(1.1);transform:scale(1.1);}.searchform button:active .magnifying-glass,.searchform input[type=submit]:active .magnifying-glass{-webkit-transform:scale(.9);transform:scale(.9);}.searchform .magnifying-glass{width:24px;height:24px;-webkit-transform:scale(1);transform:scale(1);fill:#000;}.searchform .magnifying-glass,button.search-toggle,input.search-toggle[type=submit]{-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform .2s ease-in-out;transition:-webkit-transform .2s ease-in-out;transition:transform .2s ease-in-out;transition:transform .2s ease-in-out,-webkit-transform .2s ease-in-out;}button.search-toggle,input.search-toggle[type=submit]{padding:10px;background:transparent;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex:0 0 60px;flex:0 0 60px;-webkit-box-ordinal-group:4;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;}button.search-toggle:focus,button.search-toggle:focus-within,button.search-toggle:hover,input.search-toggle[type=submit]:focus,input.search-toggle[type=submit]:focus-within,input.search-toggle[type=submit]:hover{color:#336e78;background:transparent;}button.search-toggle:focus-within .magnifying-glass,button.search-toggle:focus .magnifying-glass,button.search-toggle:hover .magnifying-glass,input.search-toggle[type=submit]:focus-within .magnifying-glass,input.search-toggle[type=submit]:focus .magnifying-glass,input.search-toggle[type=submit]:hover .magnifying-glass{-webkit-transform:scale(1.1);transform:scale(1.1);fill:#44a6ab;fill:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover,#44a6ab);}button.search-toggle .magnifying-glass,input.search-toggle[type=submit] .magnifying-glass{fill:#275f62;fill:var(--mv-trellis-color-link,#275f62);}.widget-container{background:#fff;display:block;margin-bottom:20px;margin-bottom:var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.widget-container li{list-style:none;margin-left:0;text-align:left;}.sidebar-primary .widget-container{padding:10px 20px;}.footer .widget-container{background:transparent;}.footer .widget-container .widget-title{border-bottom:1px solid #e1e1e1;color:#606060;color:var(--mv-trellis-heading-font-color,#606060);font-weight:700;margin-bottom:20px;padding-bottom:10px;text-align:left;text-transform:uppercase;}.widget-container:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.widget-container.mv_trellis_mobile_hide{display:none;}@media only screen and (min-width:1135px){.widget-container.mv_trellis_mobile_hide{display:inherit;}}.widget_media_image{text-align:center;}.widget_media_image .widget-title{text-align:left;}.widget_media_image img{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.aligncenter,div.aligncenter{display:block;margin:5px auto;margin:calc(var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px) / 4) auto;text-align:center;}a img.aligncenter{display:block;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;}.wp-caption{max-width:100%;padding:4px;background:#fff;text-align:center;}.wp-caption img{display:block;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;}.wp-caption p.wp-caption-text,figure>figcaption{color:#8c8c8c;margin:0;text-align:center;font-size:smaller;font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-ex-sm,smaller);line-height:17px;}.screen-reader-text{overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);position:absolute !important;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;border:0;word-wrap:normal !important;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);}.screen-reader-text:focus{display:block;clip:auto !important;z-index:1000000;top:5px;left:5px;width:auto;height:auto;padding:15px 23px 14px;color:#444;background-color:#eee;font-size:1em;line-height:normal;text-decoration:none;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;}.is-type-video .wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:relative;height:0;}.wp-embed-aspect-16-9 .wp-block-embed__wrapper{padding-bottom:56.25%;padding-top:25px;}.wp-embed-aspect-4-3 .wp-block-embed__wrapper{padding-bottom:75%;padding-top:25px;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.is-type-video .wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:static;padding-bottom:inherit;padding-top:inherit;height:auto;}}@font-face{font-family:"ABHFontAwesomeBrands";font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:block;src:url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/starbox/themes/fancy/css/../../fonts/fa-brands-400.woff2?rnd=12") format("woff2"),url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/starbox/themes/fancy/css/../../fonts/fa-brands-400.ttf?rnd=12") format("truetype");}@font-face{font-family:"ABHFontAwesome";font-style:normal;font-weight:900;font-display:block;src:url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/starbox/themes/fancy/css/../../fonts/fa-solid-900.woff2?rnd=12") format("woff2"),url("https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/starbox/themes/fancy/css/../../fonts/fa-solid-900.ttf?rnd=12") format("truetype");}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .abh_name,section.abh_tab{padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}.abh_box,.abh_tabs{width:100% !important;}.abh_box{clear:both !important;padding:25px 0 !important;position:relative !important;}.abh_tabs{list-style:none !important;padding:5px 0 0 !important;margin:0 !important;font:13px arial !important;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text ul,.abh_tabs li{list-style:none !important;padding:0 !important;}.abh_tabs li{display:inline !important;margin:0 !important;}.abh_tabs li:after,.abh_tabs li:before{content:"" !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_tab,.abh_tabs li i{display:none;}.abh_tabs li a{color:#333 !important;border:1px solid #ccc !important;padding:4px 10px 3px !important;text-decoration:none !important;background-color:#eee !important;border-bottom:none !important;outline:0 !important;border-radius:5px 5px 0 0 !important;-webkit-border-radius:5px 5px 0 0 !important;-moz-border-radius:5px 5px 0 0 !important;line-height:23px !important;box-shadow:none !important;-webkit-box-shadow:none !important;}.abh_tabs li a:hover{background-color:#ddd !important;padding:4px 10px !important;}.abh_tabs li.abh_active a,.abh_tabs li.abh_active a:hover{background-color:#fff !important;padding:4px 10px 5px !important;border-bottom:none !important;}.abh_tabs li.abh_active a:hover{background-color:#eee !important;}.abh_tab_content{padding:12px !important;background:#fff !important;min-height:80px !important;overflow:hidden !important;border-left:1px solid #ccc !important;border-right:1px solid #ccc !important;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc !important;border-radius:0 0 5px 5px !important;-webkit-border-radius:0 0 5px 5px !important;-moz-border-radius:0 0 5px 5px !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_image{display:block;float:left !important;width:80px !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_image a,.abh_tab_content .abh_image img{box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.2) !important;-webkit-box-shadow:none !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_image img{max-width:80px !important;height:auto;border-radius:3px !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_image a{border:0 !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text{margin-left:96px !important;line-height:1.5 !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .abh_name{clear:none !important;font-size:20px !important;font-weight:700 !important;text-align:left !important;line-height:20px !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .fn{text-transform:capitalize !important;clear:none !important;font-size:18px !important;color:#333 !important;line-height:1 !important;margin:0 !important;padding:0 !important;border:0 !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .fn a,.abh_tabs li.abh_active a{color:#333 !important;box-shadow:none !important;-webkit-box-shadow:none !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text a{text-decoration:none !important;box-shadow:none !important;-webkit-box-shadow:none !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .abh_job{line-height:20px !important;font-size:100% !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .abh_job span{vertical-align:top !important;font-size:13px !important;background-image:none !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .abh_description{position:static !important;padding-top:6px !important;font-size:14px !important;width:100% !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text .abh_allposts{font-size:11px !important;vertical-align:middle !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text ul{margin:5px 0 0 15px !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text ul li,.abh_tab_content .abh_text ul li span{font-size:13px !important;line-height:20px !important;margin:0 !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_social{width:80px !important;clear:left !important;float:left !important;line-height:1px !important;padding:0 !important;margin:3px 0 0 !important;text-align:center !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_social div{width:auto !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_social a{display:inline-block;font-family:"ABHFontAwesomeBrands",sans-serif;width:24px !important;height:24px !important;margin:1px !important;padding:0 !important;opacity:.5 !important;transition:opacity .2s !important;text-decoration:none !important;-moz-transition:opacity .2s !important;-webkit-transition:opacity .2s !important;-o-transition:opacity .2s !important;border-radius:5px !important;-webkit-border-radius:5px !important;-moz-border-radius:5px !important;font-style:normal;font-size:20px !important;line-height:25px;text-rendering:auto;text-align:center;}.abh_tab_content .abh_social a:hover{opacity:1 !important;}.abh_tab_content .abh_social a.abh_facebook:before{content:"";}.abh_tab_content .abh_social a.abh_twitter:before{content:"";}.abh_box .vcard{background:0 0 !important;font-size:100% !important;border:0 !important;}@media only screen and (max-width:860px){.abh_social,.abh_tab_content .abh_image{margin-right:10px;}.abh_tab_content .abh_text{text-align:justify;margin-left:0 !important;}}</style> <meta name="description" content="You might have heard that BMI increases the odds of shoulder dystocia. But by how much? Let&#039;s look at the evidence!" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?" /> <meta property="og:description" content="You might have heard that BMI increases the odds of shoulder dystocia. But by how much? Let&#039;s look at the evidence!" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Plus Size Birth" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/plussizebirth" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://facebook.com/plussizebirth" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2023-08-11T07:54:20+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2023-08-11T08:06:12+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1100" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="700" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="Jen McLellan, CBE" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Jen McLellan, CBE" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="4 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/"},"author":{"name":"Jen McLellan, CBE","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#/schema/person/9ddc05fa76e77e4c7d3fa506336e7c8a"},"headline":"How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?","datePublished":"2023-08-11T07:54:20+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-11T08:06:12+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/"},"wordCount":741,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg","keywords":["Plus Size Pregnancy"],"articleSection":["Plus Size Birth"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/","url":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/","name":"How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg","datePublished":"2023-08-11T07:54:20+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-11T08:06:12+00:00","description":"You might have heard that BMI increases the odds of shoulder dystocia. But by how much? Let's look at the evidence!","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#primaryimage","url":"https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg","contentUrl":"https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg","width":1100,"height":700,"caption":"plus size woman with shoulder dystocia"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://plussizebirth.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Blog","item":"https://plussizebirth.com/category/blog/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Plus Size Birth","item":"https://plussizebirth.com/category/blog/plus-size-birth/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#website","url":"https://plussizebirth.com/","name":"Plus Size Birth","description":"Empowering Your Plus Size Pregnancy","publisher":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://plussizebirth.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#organization","name":"Plus Size Birth","url":"https://plussizebirth.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1.png","contentUrl":"https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1.png","width":555,"height":325,"caption":"Plus Size Birth"},"image":{"@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/plussizebirth","https://x.com/plusmommy","http://instagram.com/plussizebirth","https://www.linkedin.com/in/jennifermclellan/","https://www.pinterest.com/plussizebirth","https://www.youtube.com/PlusSizeBirth"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://plussizebirth.com/#/schema/person/9ddc05fa76e77e4c7d3fa506336e7c8a","name":"Jen McLellan, CBE","description":"Jen McLellan is a certified childbirth educator, published author, and founder of Plus Size Birth and host of the Plus Mommy Podcast. For over a decade, she has advocated for plus size people, and the National Institutes of Health endorses her work. Jen has been featured in major publications, including The New York Times, Glamour, and Huffington Post. She helps people navigate the world of plus size pregnancy, shares tips for embracing your body and laughs her way through the adventures of parenthood.","sameAs":["https://plussizebirth.com/about/","https://facebook.com/plussizebirth","https://www.instagram.com/plussizebirth/","https://www.pinterest.com/plussizebirth/","https://x.com/plusmommy"],"url":"https://plussizebirth.com/author/plussizebirth/"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//scripts.mediavine.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Plus Size Birth &raquo; Feed" href="https://plussizebirth.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Plus Size Birth &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://plussizebirth.com/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Plus Size Birth &raquo; How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia? Comments Feed" href="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Plus Size Birth &raquo; Stories Feed" href="https://plussizebirth.com/web-stories/feed/"><style type="text/css" id="mv-trellis-custom-css">:root{--mv-trellis-color-link:var(--mv-trellis-color-primary);--mv-trellis-color-link-hover:var(--mv-trellis-color-secondary);--mv-trellis-font-body:system,BlinkMacSystemFont,-apple-system,".SFNSText-Regular","San Francisco","Roboto","Segoe UI","Helvetica Neue","Lucida Grande",sans-serif;--mv-trellis-font-heading:system,BlinkMacSystemFont,-apple-system,".SFNSText-Regular","San Francisco","Roboto","Segoe UI","Helvetica Neue","Lucida Grande",sans-serif;--mv-trellis-font-size-ex-sm:0.750375rem;--mv-trellis-font-size-sm:0.984375rem;--mv-trellis-font-size:1.125rem;--mv-trellis-font-size-lg:1.265625rem;--mv-trellis-color-primary:#41A4A9;--mv-trellis-color-secondary:#555555;--mv-trellis-max-logo-size:75px;--mv-trellis-gutter-small:10px;--mv-trellis-gutter:20px;--mv-trellis-gutter-double:40px;--mv-trellis-gutter-large:50px;--mv-trellis-color-background-accent:#C3E4E6;--mv-trellis-h1-font-color:#000000;--mv-trellis-h1-font-size:1.5rem;}</style><link rel="stylesheet" id="wp-block-library-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.5.5"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="fontawesome-free-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/fontawesome-free/css/all.min.css?ver=5.5.0"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="slick-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/slick/slick/slick.min.css?ver=1.9.0"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="slick-theme-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/slick/slick/slick-theme.min.css?ver=1.9.0"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="mp-fancybox-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/vendors/mp-fancybox/jquery.fancybox.min.css?ver=3.5.7-mp.1"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="getwid-blocks-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/assets/css/blocks.style.css?ver=2.0.12"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="convertkit-broadcasts-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/convertkit/resources/frontend/css/broadcasts.css?ver=2.6.3"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="convertkit-button-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/convertkit/resources/frontend/css/button.css?ver=2.6.3"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="convertkit-form-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/convertkit/resources/frontend/css/form.css?ver=2.6.3"></link> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} .wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} .wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel="stylesheet" id="wp-show-posts-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-show-posts/css/wp-show-posts-min.css?ver=1.1.6"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="lasso-live-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/lasso/admin/assets/css/lasso-live.min.css?ver=1728808719"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="lasso-table-frontend-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/lasso/admin/assets/css/lasso-table-frontend.min.css?ver=1728808719"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="social_warfare-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=4.5.4"></link> <link rel="stylesheet" id="mv-trellis-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/themes/mediavine-trellis/assets/dist/main.0.18.1.css?ver=0.18.1"></link> <script id="mv-trellis-localModel" data-cfasync="false" type="pmdelayedscript" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> window.$adManagementConfig = window.$adManagementConfig || {}; window.$adManagementConfig.web = window.$adManagementConfig.web || {}; window.$adManagementConfig.web.localModel = {"optimize_mobile_pagespeed":true,"optimize_desktop_pagespeed":true,"content_selector":".mvt-content","footer_selector":"footer.footer","content_selector_mobile":".mvt-content","comments_selector":"","sidebar_atf_selector":"","sidebar_atf_position":"afterend","sidebar_btf_selector":".mv-sticky-slot","sidebar_btf_position":"beforeend","content_stop_selector":"","sidebar_btf_stop_selector":"footer.footer","custom_css":"","ad_box":true,"sidebar_minimum_width":"1135","native_html_templates":{"feed":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-feed\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\" style=\"min-height:180px;min-width:320px;\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div style=\"width:320px;height:180px;\" data-native-size=\"[320,180]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"native-content\"><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h2 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-d-len=\"120\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h2><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div class=\"cta-container\"><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a rel=\"nonopener sponsor\" data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/aside>","content":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-content\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div data-native-size=\"[300,300]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"native-content\"><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h2 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-d-len=\"120\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h2><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div class=\"cta-container\"><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/aside>","sidebar":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-sidebar\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div data-native-size=\"[300,300]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h3 data-native-len=\"80\"><a rel=\"nonopener sponsor\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/a><\/h3><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/aside>","sticky_sidebar":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div data-native-size=\"[300,300]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h3 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h3><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/aside>","adhesion":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion\"><div data-native-size=\"[100,100]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><div class=\"native-content\"><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><h6 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-d-len=\"120\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h6><\/div><div class=\"cta-container\"><a class=\"button article-read-more\" data-native-type=\"clickUrl\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/aside>"}}; </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" async="async" data-noptimize="1" data-cfasync="false" src="https://scripts.mediavine.com/tags/plus-size-birth.js?ver=6.5.5" id="mv-script-wrapper-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/35351" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <meta name="facebook-domain-verification" content="7vvuu0bcq2af0fpl50iih715rrv52b" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="iXZQ00NegNuHV7KX8cSQpuRPm7JyZWVZDzMvhyTLa3g" /> <!-- StarBox - the Author Box for Humans 3.5.3, visit: https://wordpress.org/plugins/starbox/ --> <meta property="article:author" content="https://facebook.com/plussizebirth" /> <!-- /StarBox - the Author Box for Humans --> <link rel="stylesheet" id="b30bfd622a-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/starbox/themes/fancy/css/frontend.min.css?ver=3.5.3"></link> <script id="mv-trellis-localModel" data-cfasync="false" type="pmdelayedscript" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> window.$adManagementConfig = window.$adManagementConfig || {}; window.$adManagementConfig.web = window.$adManagementConfig.web || {}; window.$adManagementConfig.web.localModel = {"optimize_mobile_pagespeed":true,"optimize_desktop_pagespeed":true,"content_selector":".mvt-content","footer_selector":"footer.footer","content_selector_mobile":".mvt-content","comments_selector":"","sidebar_atf_selector":"","sidebar_atf_position":"afterend","sidebar_btf_selector":".mv-sticky-slot","sidebar_btf_position":"beforeend","content_stop_selector":"","sidebar_btf_stop_selector":"footer.footer","custom_css":"","ad_box":true,"sidebar_minimum_width":"1135","native_html_templates":{"feed":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-feed\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\" style=\"min-height:180px;min-width:320px;\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div style=\"width:320px;height:180px;\" data-native-size=\"[320,180]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"native-content\"><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h2 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-d-len=\"120\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h2><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div class=\"cta-container\"><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a rel=\"nonopener sponsor\" data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/aside>","content":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-content\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div data-native-size=\"[300,300]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"native-content\"><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h2 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-d-len=\"120\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h2><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div class=\"cta-container\"><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/aside>","sidebar":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-sidebar\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div data-native-size=\"[300,300]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h3 data-native-len=\"80\"><a rel=\"nonopener sponsor\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/a><\/h3><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/aside>","sticky_sidebar":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar\"><div class=\"native-ad-image\"><div style=\"display: none;\" data-native-size=\"[300, 250]\" data-native-type=\"video\"><\/div><div data-native-size=\"[300,300]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><\/div><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><h3 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h3><div data-native-len=\"140\" data-native-d-len=\"340\" data-native-type=\"body\"><\/div><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><a data-native-type=\"clickUrl\" class=\"button article-read-more\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/aside>","adhesion":"<aside class=\"mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion\"><div data-native-size=\"[100,100]\" data-native-type=\"image\"><\/div><div class=\"native-content\"><img class=\"native-icon\" data-native-type=\"icon\" style=\"max-height: 50px; width: auto;\"><div data-native-type=\"sponsoredBy\"><\/div><h6 data-native-len=\"80\" data-native-d-len=\"120\" data-native-type=\"title\"><\/h6><\/div><div class=\"cta-container\"><a class=\"button article-read-more\" data-native-type=\"clickUrl\"><span data-native-type=\"cta\"><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/aside>"}}; </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/starbox/themes/fancy/js/frontend.min.js?ver=3.5.3" id="93ebd3dd10-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" id="78ff00c469-css" type="text/css" media="all" data-pmdelayedstyle="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/starbox/themes/admin/css/hidedefault.min.css?ver=3.5.3"></link> <style type="text/css"> :root{ --lasso-main: black !important; --lasso-title: black !important; --lasso-button: #6abbc1 !important; --lasso-secondary-button: #6abbc1 !important; --lasso-button-text: white !important; --lasso-background: white !important; --lasso-pros: #6abbc1 !important; --lasso-cons: #e88888 !important; } </style> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> // Notice how this gets configured before we load Font Awesome let lassoFontAwesomeJS = "" == 1 // console.log("lassoFontAwesomeJS", lassoFontAwesomeJS) window.FontAwesomeConfig = { autoReplaceSvg: lassoFontAwesomeJS } </script> <style type="text/css" id="mv-trellis-native-ads-css">:root{--mv-trellis-color-native-ad-background: var(--mv-trellis-color-background-accent,#fafafa);}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"]{display:flex;flex-direction:column;text-align:center;align-items:center;padding:10px;margin:15px 0;border-top:1px solid #eee;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;background-color:var(--mv-trellis-color-native-ad-background,#fafafa)}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="image"]{background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;background-position:center center;}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="sponsoredBy"]{font-size:0.875rem;text-decoration:none;transition:color .3s ease-in-out,background-color .3s ease-in-out;}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="title"]{line-height:1;margin:10px 0;max-width:100%;text-decoration:none;transition:color .3s ease-in-out,background-color .3s ease-in-out;}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="title"],[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="sponsoredBy"]{color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link)}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="title"]:hover,[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="sponsoredBy"]:hover{color:var(--mv-trellis-color-link-hover)}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] [data-native-type="body"]{max-width:100%;}[class*="mv-trellis-native-ad"] .article-read-more{display:inline-block;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.25;margin-left:0px;margin-top:10px;padding:10px 20px;text-align:right;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.mv-trellis-native-ad-feed,.mv-trellis-native-ad-content{flex-direction:row;padding:0;text-align:left;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-feed .native-content,.mv-trellis-native-ad-content{padding:10px}}.mv-trellis-native-ad-feed [data-native-type="image"]{max-width:100%;height:auto;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-feed .cta-container,.mv-trellis-native-ad-content .cta-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.mv-trellis-native-ad-feed .cta-container,.mv-trellis-native-ad-content .cta-container{flex-direction:row;align-items: flex-end;justify-content:space-between;}}@media only screen and (min-width:600px){.mv-trellis-native-ad-content{padding:0;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-content .native-content{max-width:calc(100% - 300px);padding:15px;}}.mv-trellis-native-ad-content [data-native-type="image"]{height:300px;max-width:100%;width:300px;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar,.mv-trellis-native-ad-sidebar{font-size:var(--mv-trellis-font-size-sm,0.875rem);margin:20px 0;max-width:300px;padding:0 0 var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);}.mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar [data-native-type="image"],.mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar [data-native-type="image"]{height:300px;margin:0 auto;max-width:100%;width:300px;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar [data-native-type="body"]{padding:0 var(--mv-trellis-gutter,20px);}.mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar [data-native-type="sponsoredBy"],.mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar [data-native-type="sponsoredBy"]{display:inline-block}.mv-trellis-native-ad-sticky-sidebar h3,.mv-trellis-native-ad-sidebar h3 [data-native-type="title"]{margin:15px auto;width:300px;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion{background-color:transparent;flex-direction:row;height:90px;margin:0;padding:0 20px;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion [data-native-type="image"]{height:120px;margin:0 auto;max-width:100%;transform:translateY(-20px);width:120px;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion [data-native-type="sponsoredBy"],.mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion .article-read-more{font-size:0.75rem;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion [data-native-type="title"]{font-size:1rem;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion .native-content{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;padding:0 10px;text-align:left;}.mv-trellis-native-ad-adhesion .cta-container{display:flex;align-items:center;}</style><link rel="icon" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-ICON-Plus-Size-Birth-1-1-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-ICON-Plus-Size-Birth-1-1-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-ICON-Plus-Size-Birth-1-1-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/cropped-ICON-Plus-Size-Birth-1-1-270x270.png" /> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> /* Hide Publish Date */ .posted-on,.cat-links {display: none;} /* Center Images on Homepage */ .home .content .aligncenter img { margin: auto !important;} /* End Center Image CSS */ /* Add margin to images in posts */ .entry-content .wp-block-image img { margin: auto !important; } /* End CSS */ </style> <noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy[data-src]{display:none !important;}</style></noscript><style>.perfmatters-lazy-youtube{position:relative;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:0;padding-bottom:56.23%;overflow:hidden}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img{position:absolute;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;display:block;width:100%;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:auto;border:none;cursor:pointer;transition:.5s all;-webkit-transition:.5s all;-moz-transition:.5s all}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube img:hover{-webkit-filter:brightness(75%)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube .play{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;right:auto;width:68px;height:48px;margin-left:-34px;margin-top:-24px;background:url(https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/img/youtube.svg) no-repeat;background-position:center;background-size:cover;pointer-events:none;filter:grayscale(1)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube:hover .play{filter:grayscale(0)}.perfmatters-lazy-youtube iframe{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:99}</style> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&amp;l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-TQC4CPP');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-35351 single-format-standard mvt-no-js lasso-v329 mediavine-trellis"> <a href="#content" class="screen-reader-text">Skip to Content</a> <div data-rocket-location-hash="50d4be3c2cbf16411332e0720937991b" class="before-content"> <header data-rocket-location-hash="e04a1d2c6cea256152f41f7049046fd5" class="header"> <div data-rocket-location-hash="a357adabe4f2d47c2b61df665447520f" class="wrapper wrapper-header"> <div class="header-container"> <button class="search-toggle"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="24" width="24" viewBox="0 0 12 12" class="magnifying-glass"> <path d="M10.37 9.474L7.994 7.1l-.17-.1a3.45 3.45 0 0 0 .644-2.01A3.478 3.478 0 1 0 4.99 8.47c.75 0 1.442-.24 2.01-.648l.098.17 2.375 2.373c.19.188.543.142.79-.105s.293-.6.104-.79zm-5.38-2.27a2.21 2.21 0 1 1 2.21-2.21A2.21 2.21 0 0 1 4.99 7.21z"></path> </svg> </button> <div id="search-container"> <form role="search" method="get" class="searchform" action="https://plussizebirth.com/"> <label> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Enter search keywords" value="" name="s" title="Search for:" /> </label> <input type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" /> </form> <button class="search-close"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Close Search</span> &times; </button> </div> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/" title="Plus Size Birth" class="header-logo"><picture><img data-perfmatters-preload src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1.png" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1.png 555w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-300x176.png 300w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-335x196.png 335w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-347x203.png 347w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-520x305.png 520w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/PSB-logo-without-tagline-1-150x88.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 555px) 100vw, 555px" class="size-full size-ratio-full wp-image-33785 header-logo-img ggnoads no-lazy" alt="Plus Size Birth" data-pin-nopin="true" height="325" width="555" /></picture></a> <div class="nav"> <div class="wrapper nav-wrapper"> <button class="nav-toggle" aria-label="Menu"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" width="32px" height="32px"> <path d="M4,10h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2s-0.896-2-2-2H4C2.896,6,2,6.896,2,8S2.896,10,4,10z M28,14H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2 s0.896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2S29.104,14,28,14z M28,22H4c-1.104,0-2,0.896-2,2s0.896,2,2,2h24c1.104,0,2-0.896,2-2 S29.104,22,28,22z"></path> </svg> </button> <nav id="primary-nav" class="nav-container nav-closed"><ul id="menu-new" class="nav-list"><li id="menu-item-21522" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-21522"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-pregnancy/"><span>Parents</span><span class="toggle-sub-menu"><svg class="icon-arrow-down" width="6" height="4" viewBox="0 0 6 4" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3 3.5L0 0L6 0L3 3.5Z" fill="#41A4A9"></path></svg></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-21521" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-21521"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/trying-to-conceive/">Trying To Conceive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33716" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-33716"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/first-trimester-plus-size-pregnancy/">First Trimester</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33715" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-33715"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/second-trimester-plus-size-pregnancy/">Second Trimester</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33714" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-33714"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/third-trimester-plus-size-pregnancy/">Third Trimester</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33670" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-33670"><a href="https://plussizebirth.lpages.co/guide/">Pregnancy Guide</a></li> <li id="menu-item-31963" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-31963"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-maternity-clothes/">Maternity Clothes<span class="toggle-sub-menu"><svg class="icon-arrow-down" width="6" height="4" viewBox="0 0 6 4" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3 3.5L0 0L6 0L3 3.5Z" fill="#41A4A9"></path></svg></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-36452" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-36452"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-maternity-clothes/">Maternity Clothes</a></li> <li id="menu-item-36450" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-36450"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-pregnancy-clothes/">Weekly Roundup</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-33718" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-33718"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-labor-and-delivery/">Labor And Delivery</a></li> <li id="menu-item-33717" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-33717"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-postpartum/">Postpartum</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-31944" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-31944"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/size-friendly-birth-professional/"><span>Professionals</span><span class="toggle-sub-menu"><svg class="icon-arrow-down" width="6" height="4" viewBox="0 0 6 4" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3 3.5L0 0L6 0L3 3.5Z" fill="#41A4A9"></path></svg></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-36459" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-36459"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/size-friendly-birth-professional/">Professional Resources</a></li> <li id="menu-item-36458" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-36458"><a href="https://plussizebirth.lpages.co/size-friendly/">Size-Inclusivity Training</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-36502" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-36502"><a href="https://www.sizefriendly.com/"><span>Size-Friendly Directory</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-24395" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current_page_parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-24395"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/psmmblog/"><span>Articles</span><span class="toggle-sub-menu"><svg class="icon-arrow-down" width="6" height="4" viewBox="0 0 6 4" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3 3.5L0 0L6 0L3 3.5Z" fill="#41A4A9"></path></svg></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-28670" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-28670"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/trying-to-conceive/">Trying to Conceive</a></li> <li id="menu-item-28663" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-28663"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/blog/plus-size-pregnancy/">Plus Size Pregnancy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-29744" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-29744"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/plus-size-maternity/">Plus Size Maternity</a></li> <li id="menu-item-28661" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-28661"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/plus-size-maternity-photos/">Plus Size Maternity Photos</a></li> <li id="menu-item-28662" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-28662"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/plus-size-birth-stories/">Plus Size Birth Stories</a></li> <li id="menu-item-28664" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-28664"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/postpartum/">Postpartum</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-31562" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-31562"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/about/"><span>About</span><span class="toggle-sub-menu"><svg class="icon-arrow-down" width="6" height="4" viewBox="0 0 6 4" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3 3.5L0 0L6 0L3 3.5Z" fill="#41A4A9"></path></svg></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-34550" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-34550"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/about/">About<span class="toggle-sub-menu"><svg class="icon-arrow-down" width="6" height="4" viewBox="0 0 6 4" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3 3.5L0 0L6 0L3 3.5Z" fill="#41A4A9"></path></svg></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-34548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-34548"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/media/">Media</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35508" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35508"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/speaking/">Speaking</a></li> <li id="menu-item-35274" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-35274"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/work-with-me/">Work With Me</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-34551" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-34551"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/contact/">Contact</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul></nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> <!-- Main Content Section --> <div data-rocket-location-hash="bee70a467523869f5db59c11f5f2ab8b" class="content"> <div data-rocket-location-hash="bbe2859821a790db67c4b1b6259f3351" class="wrapper wrapper-content"> <main data-rocket-location-hash="e937014300d3a2cf0b18f840d5dec2c8" id="content" class="content-container"> <article id="post-35351" class="article-post article post-35351 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-plus-size-birth tag-plus-size-pregnancy mv-content-wrapper"> <header class="entry-header header-singular wrapper"> <h1 class="entry-title article-heading">How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?</h1> <div class="article-meta post-meta-wrapper post-meta-single post-meta-single-top"> <p class="author-meta post-author meta-wrapper"> By: <span class="byline"><span class="screen-reader-text">Author </span><a class="url fn n" href="https://plussizebirth.com/about/">Jen McLellan, CBE</a></span> </p> <p class="meta-wrapper "><span class="posted-on"><span class="screen-reader-text">Posted on </span><time class="entry-date" datetime="2023-08-11T01:54:20-06:00">August 11, 2023</time></span></p> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content mvt-content"> <style>img#mv-trellis-img-1::before{padding-top:63.671875%; }img#mv-trellis-img-1{display:block;}img#mv-trellis-img-2::before{padding-top:99.6%; }img#mv-trellis-img-2{display:block;}img#mv-trellis-img-3::before{padding-top:99.6%; }img#mv-trellis-img-3{display:block;}</style><div class="swp_social_panel swp_horizontal_panel swp_flat_fresh swp_default_full_color swp_individual_full_color swp_other_full_color scale-100 scale-" data-min-width="1100" data-float-color="#ffffff" data-float="left" data-float-mobile="none" data-transition="slide" data-post-id="35351"><div data-rocket-location-hash="badbf1c019697797e6bb7139cadc954b" class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_pinterest" data-network="pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="nc_tweet swp_share_link noPop" href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F" onclick="event.preventDefault(); var e=document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('charset','UTF-8'); e.setAttribute('src','//assets.pinterest.com/js/pinmarklet.js?r='+Math.random()*99999999); document.body.appendChild(e); "><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_pinterest_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Pin</span></span></span></span></a></div><div data-rocket-location-hash="64a2ec561cbdd98dd24da21d1884cfa3" class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_facebook" data-network="facebook"><a class="nc_tweet swp_share_link" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F" data-link="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_facebook_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Share</span></span></span></span></a></div></div><p>You might have heard that BMI increases the odds of shoulder dystocia. But by how much?</p> <p>Let's look at the evidence and address the common misconception that the risk is high when you're plus size.</p> <p><em>Please note this article is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Address any questions or concerns with your care provider. </em></p> <p><em>Also, BMI is commonly used in studies to categorize people by their <a href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/BMI/bmicalc.htm" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3422">weight relative to their height</a>. We use BMI in this article to share information about shoulder dystocia risks, but we acknowledge that BMI is <a href="https://www.everydayhealth.com/weight/why-body-mass-index-bmi-can-be-problematic-for-the-bipoc-community/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3423">problematic</a> and doesn't give a complete view of someone's health. </em></p> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg" data-lasso-id="3424"><noscript><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="652" data-pin-url="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/?tp_image_id=35353" data-pin-title="How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-1024x652.jpg" alt="plus size woman with shoulder dystocia" class="wp-image-35353" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-1024x652.jpg 1024w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-300x191.jpg 300w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-768x489.jpg 768w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-960x611.jpg 960w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-1080x687.jpg 1080w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-150x95.jpg 150w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg 1100w" sizes="(max-width: 760px) calc(100vw - 40px), 720px"></noscript><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="652" data-pin-url="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/?tp_image_id=35353" data-pin-title="How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201024%20652'%3E%3Crect%20width='1024'%20height='652'%20style='fill:%23e3e3e3'/%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="plus size woman with shoulder dystocia" class="wp-image-35353 eager-load" sizes="(max-width: 760px) calc(100vw - 40px), 720px" data-pin-media="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg" id="mv-trellis-img-1" loading="eager" data-src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-1024x652.jpg" data-srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-1024x652.jpg 1024w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-300x191.jpg 300w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-768x489.jpg 768w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-960x611.jpg 960w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-1080x687.jpg 1080w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia-150x95.jpg 150w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/shoulder-dystocia.jpg 1100w" data-svg="1" data-trellis-processed="1"></a></figure></div> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-shoulder-dystocia">What is shoulder dystocia?</h2> <p>During vaginal birth, <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470427/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3425">shoulder dystocia</a> happens when one or both of a baby's shoulders get stuck behind the pubic bone. It is a rare but urgent medical emergency.</p> <p>The good news? Most of the time, shoulder dystocia is managed safely and without complications, thanks to the fast responses and special techniques that your healthcare team is trained in.</p> <p>Occasionally, the baby might have minor injuries, like a temporary arm weakness or, very rarely, a broken collarbone. For the birthing individual, there might be some tearing or bleeding. But keep in mind these complications aren't typical.</p> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-associated-with-the-highest-risk-for-shoulder-dystocia">What is associated with the highest risk for shoulder dystocia?</h2> <p>A study from 2023 examined shoulder dystocia in about 10 million vaginal births in the U.S. from 2016 to 2019 (Youssefzadeh et al., 2023).&nbsp;</p> <p>This data came from the <a href="https://hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nisoverview.jsp" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3426">National Inpatient Sample</a>, which randomly gathers information from 20% of inpatient records in participating centers in the United States.&nbsp;</p> <p>The study was designed to accurately represent the United States population by including individuals with different health conditions.</p> <p>In the study, women aged 15 &ndash; 54 had various health conditions like diabetes (either before pregnancy or developed during), high blood pressure disorders, and more. Some had complications during labor, like needing assistance with tools like a vacuum or forceps.</p> <p>Out of all the births studied, shoulder dystocia happened in 228,120 cases. That's 23 out of every 1,000 births or&nbsp;2.3%.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>The study found that having a <a href="https://evidencebasedbirth.com/evidence-for-induction-or-c-section-for-big-baby/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3427">big baby</a>, having diabetes before or during pregnancy, and using a vacuum during birth were the main factors linked to shoulder dystocia.</strong></p> <p>Other factors that were somewhat linked to increased risk of shoulder dystocia:&nbsp;</p> <ul><li>Older or younger age</li><li>Black individuals (from systemic effects of racism)&nbsp;</li><li>Lower-income</li><li>Chronic health conditions</li><li>BMI &gt; 30&nbsp;</li><li>Term premature rupture of membranes</li><li>High weight gain during pregnancy</li><li>Giving birth after 40 weeks of pregnancy</li><li>Labor induction or augmentation</li></ul> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-what-is-my-increased-risk-of-shoulder-dystocia-with-a-bmi-above-30">What is my increased risk of shoulder dystocia with a BMI above 30?&nbsp;</h2> <p>When we look at the numbers in the study, people with a BMI of 30 or higher had a&nbsp;<strong>3.4%</strong>&nbsp;chance (or 34 out of 1000) of experiencing shoulder dystocia.&nbsp;</p> <p>In comparison, those with a BMI below 30 had a 2.2% chance (or 22 out of 1000).</p> <p>As highlighted in our article on <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-pregnancy-risks/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3428">discussing increased pregnancy risks</a>, let's view this from another angle.</p> <p>Rather than dwelling on the 3.4% risk, let's take a fresh perspective based on the data. </p> <p>With a BMI over 30, there's a <strong>96.6% likelihood you won't incur shoulder dystocia during childbirth</strong> &ndash; and those odds sound really good!</p> <p>Being plus size, you might encounter biases where people make unfair assumptions about your health and your chances of having a healthy pregnancy. </p> <p>Such myths sometimes arise from concerns about shoulder dystocia or <a href="https://brooksidepress.org/ob_newborn_care_2/?page_id=362#:~:text=(1)%20Pelvic%20dystocia.,that%20of%20the%20bony%20pelvis." target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3429">soft tissue dystocia</a>. For instance, hearing that someone's <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/vagina-too-fat-to-give-birth/" data-lasso-id="3430">vagina is too fat to give birth</a> is scientifically incorrect and deeply hurtful. </p> <p>Instead of letting misconceptions or negative comments weigh you down, keep the lines of communication open with your care provider. They can offer guidance and facts tailored just for you.</p> <p>Remember, as with the shoulder dystocia statistics, the overall increased risks are generally low during a <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-pregnancy/" data-lasso-id="3431">plus size pregnancy</a>.</p> <p>By focusing on your wellness during pregnancy and connecting with a <a href="https://plussizebirth.lpages.co/size-friendly-provider-opt-in/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-lasso-id="3432">size-friendly care provider</a>, you're setting the stage for a more relaxed, positive experience with fewer worries.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-references"><strong>References</strong></h3> <p><em>Special thanks to Anna Bertone for her assistance with the research for this article. </em></p> <ul><li>Davis DD, Roshan A, Canela CD, et al. Shoulder Dystocia. [Updated 2022 Sep 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan / ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470427/</li><li>Youssefzadeh AC, Tavakoli A, Panchal VR, Mandelbaum RS, Ouzounian JG, Matsuo K. Incidence trends of shoulder dystocia and associated risk factors: A nationwide analysis in the United States. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2023 Aug;162(2):578-589. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14699. Epub 2023 Mar 1. PMID: 36707062.</li></ul> <script async data-uid="9de6ecc9de" src="https://plus-size-birth.ck.page/9de6ecc9de/index.js" data-jetpack-boost="ignore" data-no-defer="1" nowprocket></script> <div class="abh_box abh_box_down abh_box_fancy"><ul class="abh_tabs"> <li class="abh_about abh_active"><a href="#abh_about">Author</a></li> <li class="abh_posts"><a href="#abh_posts">Recent Posts</a></li></ul><div class="abh_tab_content"><section class="vcard author abh_about_tab abh_tab" itemscope itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" style="display:block"><div class="abh_image" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/about/" class="url" target="_blank" title="Jen McLellan, CBE" rel="nofollow"> <noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/gravatar/jen-mclellan-2.jpg" class="photo" width="250" alt="Jen McLellan, CBE"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=&#039;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#039;%20width=&#039;250&#039;%20height=&#039;249&#039;%20viewBox=&#039;0%200%20250%20249&#039;%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="photo lazyload perfmatters-lazy" width="250" alt="Jen McLellan, CBE" height="249" id="mv-trellis-img-2" data-trellis-processed="1" data-src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/gravatar/jen-mclellan-2.jpg" /><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/gravatar/jen-mclellan-2.jpg" class="photo lazyload" width="250" alt="Jen McLellan, CBE" height="249" id="mv-trellis-img-2" loading="lazy" data-trellis-processed="1"></noscript></a> </div><div class="abh_social"> <div style="clear: both; font-size:12px; font-weight:normal; width: 85px; margin: 0 0 2px auto; line-height: 20px;">Follow me</div><a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://facebook.com/plussizebirth" title="Facebook" class="abh_facebook" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"></a><a itemprop="sameAs" href="https://twitter.com/plusmommy" title="Twitter" class="abh_twitter" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"></a></div><div class="abh_text"><div class="abh_name fn name" itemprop="name"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/about/" class="url" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Jen McLellan, CBE</a></div><div class="abh_job"></div><div class="description note abh_description" itemprop="description">Jen McLellan is a certified childbirth educator, published author, and founder of Plus Size Birth and host of the Plus Mommy Podcast. For over a decade, she has advocated for plus size people, and the National Institutes of Health endorses her work. Jen has been featured in major publications, including The New York Times, Glamour, and Huffington Post. She helps people navigate the world of plus size pregnancy, shares tips for embracing your body and laughs her way through the adventures of parenthood.</div></div> </section><section class="abh_posts_tab abh_tab"><div class="abh_image"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/about/" class="url" target="_blank" title="Jen McLellan, CBE" rel="nofollow"><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/gravatar/jen-mclellan-2.jpg" class="photo" width="250" alt="Jen McLellan, CBE"></noscript><img decoding="async" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=&#039;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#039;%20width=&#039;250&#039;%20height=&#039;249&#039;%20viewBox=&#039;0%200%20250%20249&#039;%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="photo lazyload perfmatters-lazy" width="250" alt="Jen McLellan, CBE" height="249" id="mv-trellis-img-3" data-trellis-processed="1" data-src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/gravatar/jen-mclellan-2.jpg" /><noscript><img decoding="async" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/gravatar/jen-mclellan-2.jpg" class="photo lazyload" width="250" alt="Jen McLellan, CBE" height="249" id="mv-trellis-img-3" loading="lazy" data-trellis-processed="1"></noscript></a></div><div class="abh_social"> <div style="clear: both; font-size:12px; font-weight:normal; width: 85px; margin: 0 0 2px auto; line-height: 20px;">Follow me</div><ahref title="Facebook" class="abh_facebook" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><ahref title="Twitter" class="abh_twitter" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"></ahref></ahref></div><div class="abh_text"><div class="abh_name">Latest posts by Jen McLellan, CBE <span class="abh_allposts">(<a href="https://plussizebirth.com/author/plussizebirth/">see all</a>)</span></div><div class="abh_description note"><ul> <li> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-pregnancy-bumps/">Plus Size Pregnancy Bumps: From D to B-Bellies, Love Your Shape</a><span> - August 18, 2024</span> </li> <li> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/plus-size-pregnancy-myths-and-facts/">17 Plus Size Pregnancy Myths and Facts That Might Surprise You</a><span> - June 11, 2024</span> </li> <li> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/size-friendly-birth-workers/">Size-Friendly vs. Size-Inclusive: What Birth Workers Need to Know</a><span> - June 9, 2024</span> </li></ul></div></div> </section></div> </div><div class="swp_social_panel swp_horizontal_panel swp_flat_fresh swp_default_full_color swp_individual_full_color swp_other_full_color scale-100 scale-" data-min-width="1100" data-float-color="#ffffff" data-float="left" data-float-mobile="none" data-transition="slide" data-post-id="35351"><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_pinterest" data-network="pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="nc_tweet swp_share_link noPop" href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F" onclick="event.preventDefault(); var e=document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('charset','UTF-8'); e.setAttribute('src','//assets.pinterest.com/js/pinmarklet.js?r='+Math.random()*99999999); document.body.appendChild(e); "><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_pinterest_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Pin</span></span></span></span></a></div><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_facebook" data-network="facebook"><a class="nc_tweet swp_share_link" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F" data-link="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_facebook_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Share</span></span></span></span></a></div></div><div class="swp-content-locator"></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer"> <div class="post-meta-wrapper post-meta-single post-meta-single-bottom"> <p class="breadcrumbs"><span><span><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/">Home</a></span> » <span><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/blog/">Blog</a></span> » <span><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/category/blog/plus-size-birth/">Plus Size Birth</a></span> » <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">How much does your BMI increase the odds of shoulder dystocia?</span></span></p></div> <div class="tags-links"><span class="screen-reader-text">Tags </span><p class="tag-title">Tags</p><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-pregnancy/" rel="tag">Plus Size Pregnancy</a></div> </footer><!-- .entry-footer --> </article> <nav class="navigation post-navigation" aria-label="Posts"> <h2 class="screen-reader-text">Post navigation</h2> <div class="nav-links"><div class="nav-previous"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/nonstress-tests-for-high-bmi/" rel="prev" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="post-thumbnail"><style>img#mv-trellis-img-4::before{padding-top:56.25%; }img#mv-trellis-img-4{display:block;}</style><noscript><img src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-320x180.jpg" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-320x180.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-728x410.jpg 728w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-480x270.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 320px, (max-width: 700px) calc(50vw - 30px), 320px" alt="" data-pin-nopin="true" class="size-mv_trellis_16x9_low_res size-ratio-mv_trellis_16x9 wp-image-35308 post-nav-img ggnoads" height="180" width="320"></noscript><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=&#039;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#039;%20width=&#039;320&#039;%20height=&#039;180&#039;%20viewBox=&#039;0%200%20320%20180&#039;%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt data-pin-nopin="true" class="size-mv_trellis_16x9_low_res size-ratio-mv_trellis_16x9 wp-image-35308 post-nav-img ggnoads lazyload perfmatters-lazy" height="180" width="320" id="mv-trellis-img-4" data-trellis-processed="1" data-src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-320x180.jpg" data-srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-320x180.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-728x410.jpg 728w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-480x270.jpg 480w" data-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 320px, (max-width: 700px) calc(50vw - 30px), 320px" /><noscript><img src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-320x180.jpg" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-320x180.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-728x410.jpg 728w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Nonstress-Tests-For-High-BMI-in-Pregnancy-480x270.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 320px, (max-width: 700px) calc(50vw - 30px), 320px" alt="" data-pin-nopin="true" class="size-mv_trellis_16x9_low_res size-ratio-mv_trellis_16x9 wp-image-35308 post-nav-img ggnoads lazyload" height="180" width="320" id="mv-trellis-img-4" loading="lazy" data-trellis-processed="1"></noscript></a><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/nonstress-tests-for-high-bmi/" rel="prev"><p class="post-title-wrap"><span class="post-title h3">Nonstress Tests for High BMI in Pregnancy: Vital or Excessive?</span></p></a></div><div class="nav-next"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/miscarriage-and-self-blame/" rel="next" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="post-thumbnail"><style>img#mv-trellis-img-5::before{padding-top:56.25%; }img#mv-trellis-img-5{display:block;}</style><noscript><img src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-320x180.jpg" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-320x180.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-728x410.jpg 728w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-480x270.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 320px, (max-width: 700px) calc(50vw - 30px), 320px" alt="" data-pin-nopin="true" class="size-mv_trellis_16x9_low_res size-ratio-mv_trellis_16x9 wp-image-35463 post-nav-img ggnoads" height="180" width="320"></noscript><img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=&#039;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#039;%20width=&#039;320&#039;%20height=&#039;180&#039;%20viewBox=&#039;0%200%20320%20180&#039;%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt data-pin-nopin="true" class="size-mv_trellis_16x9_low_res size-ratio-mv_trellis_16x9 wp-image-35463 post-nav-img ggnoads lazyload perfmatters-lazy" height="180" width="320" id="mv-trellis-img-5" data-trellis-processed="1" data-src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-320x180.jpg" data-srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-320x180.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-728x410.jpg 728w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-480x270.jpg 480w" data-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 320px, (max-width: 700px) calc(50vw - 30px), 320px" /><noscript><img src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-320x180.jpg" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-320x180.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-728x410.jpg 728w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Navigating-Miscarriage-and-Self-Blame-480x270.jpg 480w" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 320px, (max-width: 700px) calc(50vw - 30px), 320px" alt="" data-pin-nopin="true" class="size-mv_trellis_16x9_low_res size-ratio-mv_trellis_16x9 wp-image-35463 post-nav-img ggnoads lazyload" height="180" width="320" id="mv-trellis-img-5" loading="lazy" data-trellis-processed="1"></noscript></a><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/miscarriage-and-self-blame/" rel="next"><p class="post-title-wrap"><span class="post-title h3">Navigating Miscarriage and Self-Blame as a Plus-Size Individual</span></p></a></div></div> </nav><div id="mv-trellis-comments" class="mv-trellis-comments" data-post-id="35351" style="min-height:0px;"> <div id="respond" class=""> <a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/shoulder-dystocia/#respond" style="display:none;">Click here to cancel reply.</a><form action="" method="post" id="" class="trellis-proxy-form"> <p style="display: none;"><input type="hidden" id="akismet_comment_nonce" name="akismet_comment_nonce" value="10503487d0" /></p><p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>&#916;<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_1" name="ak_js" value="196"/><script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1">document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div><!-- #respond --> </div> </main> <aside class="sidebar sidebar-primary"> <style>img#mv-trellis-img-6::before{padding-top:100%; }img#mv-trellis-img-6{display:block;}</style> <div style="height:264px;width:300px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding:0px;" class="mv_atf_ad_holder mv_trellis_mobile_hide widget-container"> <div class="mv_slot_target" data-slot="SidebarAtf" data-hint-slot-sizes="300x250"></div> </div> <div id="block-28" class="mv_trellis_mobile_hide widget-container widget_block widget_tag_cloud"><p class="wp-block-tag-cloud"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/birth-center-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4927 tag-link-position-1" style="font-size: 10.456140350877pt;" aria-label="Birth Center Birth Story (3 items)">Birth Center Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/breastfeeding/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-44 tag-link-position-2" style="font-size: 13.730994152047pt;" aria-label="Breastfeeding (9 items)">Breastfeeding</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/caesarean-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4941 tag-link-position-3" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Caesarean Birth Story (10 items)">Caesarean Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/doula-support-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4932 tag-link-position-4" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Doula Support Birth Story (10 items)">Doula Support Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/gestationaldiabetes/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-6169 tag-link-position-5" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Gestational Diabetes (10 items)">Gestational Diabetes</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/home-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4939 tag-link-position-6" style="font-size: 11.27485380117pt;" aria-label="Home Birth Story (4 items)">Home Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/hospital-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4934 tag-link-position-7" style="font-size: 18.479532163743pt;" aria-label="Hospital Birth Story (37 items)">Hospital Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/infertility-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4937 tag-link-position-8" style="font-size: 13.321637426901pt;" aria-label="Infertility Birth Story (8 items)">Infertility Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/lgbtq-stories/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-7785 tag-link-position-9" style="font-size: 11.27485380117pt;" aria-label="LGBTQ+ Stories (4 items)">LGBTQ+ Stories</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/midwife-care-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4931 tag-link-position-10" style="font-size: 16.187134502924pt;" aria-label="Midwife Care Birth Story (19 items)">Midwife Care Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/miscarriage/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-83 tag-link-position-11" style="font-size: 14.631578947368pt;" aria-label="Miscarriage (12 items)">Miscarriage</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/obgyn-care-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4936 tag-link-position-12" style="font-size: 17.087719298246pt;" aria-label="OBGYN Care Birth Story (25 items)">OBGYN Care Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/pcos/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-6005 tag-link-position-13" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="PCOS (1 item)">PCOS</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/pcos-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4942 tag-link-position-14" style="font-size: 15.368421052632pt;" aria-label="PCOS Birth Story (15 items)">PCOS Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-babywearing/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-149 tag-link-position-15" style="font-size: 10.456140350877pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Babywearing (3 items)">Plus Size Babywearing</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-maternity-clothes/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-151 tag-link-position-16" style="font-size: 17.906432748538pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Maternity Clothes (31 items)">Plus Size Maternity Clothes</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-maternity-photos/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-169 tag-link-position-17" style="font-size: 15.614035087719pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Maternity Photos (16 items)">Plus Size Maternity Photos</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-pregnancy/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-24 tag-link-position-18" style="font-size: 22pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Pregnancy (102 items)">Plus Size Pregnancy</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/postpartum/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-7827 tag-link-position-19" style="font-size: 9.4736842105263pt;" aria-label="postpartum (2 items)">postpartum</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/rainbow-baby-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4938 tag-link-position-20" style="font-size: 11.929824561404pt;" aria-label="Rainbow Baby Birth Story (5 items)">Rainbow Baby Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/size-friendly-care-providers/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-3929 tag-link-position-21" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Size Friendly Care Providers (10 items)">Size Friendly Care Providers</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/trying-to-conceive/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-6374 tag-link-position-22" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="Trying To Conceive (1 item)">Trying To Conceive</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/natural-childbirth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4930 tag-link-position-23" style="font-size: 15.368421052632pt;" aria-label="Unmedicated Birth Story (15 items)">Unmedicated Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/vbac-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4933 tag-link-position-24" style="font-size: 12.502923976608pt;" aria-label="VBAC Birth Story (6 items)">VBAC Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/voices/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-7783 tag-link-position-25" style="font-size: 11.929824561404pt;" aria-label="Voices (5 items)">Voices</a></p></div><div id="media_image-26" class="mv_trellis_mobile_hide widget-container widget_media_image"><a href="https://plusmommy.com/"><noscript><img width="300" height="300" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-300x300.jpg" class="image wp-image-33459 attachment-medium size-medium" alt="Plus Mommy Podcast" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-300x300.jpg 300w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-150x150.jpg 150w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-768x768.jpg 768w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-720x720.jpg 720w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-480x480.jpg 480w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-320x320.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-200x200.jpg 200w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-735x735.jpg 735w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-335x335.jpg 335w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-347x347.jpg 347w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-520x520.jpg 520w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-640x640.jpg 640w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-960x960.jpg 960w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1080x1080.jpg 1080w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 760px) calc(100vw - 40px), 720px" data-pin-nopin="nopin" data-pin-url="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/?tp_image_id=33459"></noscript><img width="300" height="300" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=&#039;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#039;%20width=&#039;300&#039;%20height=&#039;300&#039;%20viewBox=&#039;0%200%20300%20300&#039;%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="image wp-image-33459 attachment-medium size-medium lazyload perfmatters-lazy" alt="Plus Mommy Podcast" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" data-pin-nopin="nopin" data-pin-url="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/?tp_image_id=33459" id="mv-trellis-img-6" data-trellis-processed="1" data-src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-300x300.jpg" data-srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-300x300.jpg 300w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-150x150.jpg 150w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-768x768.jpg 768w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-720x720.jpg 720w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-480x480.jpg 480w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-320x320.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-200x200.jpg 200w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-735x735.jpg 735w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-335x335.jpg 335w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-347x347.jpg 347w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-520x520.jpg 520w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-640x640.jpg 640w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-960x960.jpg 960w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1080x1080.jpg 1080w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER.jpg 1920w" data-sizes="(max-width: 760px) calc(100vw - 40px), 720px" /><noscript><img width="300" height="300" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-300x300.jpg" class="image wp-image-33459 attachment-medium size-medium lazyload" alt="Plus Mommy Podcast" style="max-width: 100%; height: auto;" decoding="async" srcset="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-300x300.jpg 300w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-150x150.jpg 150w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-768x768.jpg 768w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-720x720.jpg 720w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-480x480.jpg 480w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-320x320.jpg 320w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-200x200.jpg 200w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-735x735.jpg 735w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-335x335.jpg 335w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-347x347.jpg 347w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-520x520.jpg 520w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-640x640.jpg 640w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-960x960.jpg 960w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER-1080x1080.jpg 1080w, https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Plus-Mommy-Podcast-Jen-McLellan-MASTER.jpg 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 760px) calc(100vw - 40px), 720px" data-pin-nopin="nopin" data-pin-url="https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/?tp_image_id=33459" id="mv-trellis-img-6" loading="lazy" data-trellis-processed="1"></noscript></a></div><div id="block-7" class="mv_trellis_mobile_hide widget-container widget_block widget_text"> <p>Host Jen McLellan, the founder of Plus Size Birth, takes on topics from plus size pregnancy to parenthood with the&nbsp;<a href="https://plusmommy.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Plus Mommy Podcast</a>. From bumps to bellies, we talk about it all!</p> </div><div id="block-8" class="mv_trellis_mobile_hide widget-container widget_block"> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-css-opacity"> </div><div id="block-15" class="mv_trellis_mobile_hide widget-container widget_block widget_text"> <p><em>We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.</em></p> </div> <div class="mv-sticky-slot"></div> </aside> </div> </div> <footer data-rocket-location-hash="1c3fc054718431205a256e7773c31efd" class="footer"> <div data-rocket-location-hash="1e38d45813a725af6c32d6be624bfca4" class="wrapper wrapper-footer"> <div data-rocket-location-hash="15007b1c421ef10e79b445c6ecc9303f" class="footer-container"> <div class="left-footer footer-widget-area"><div id="tag_cloud-8" class="widget-container widget_tag_cloud"><h3 class="widget-title">Topics</h3><div class="tagcloud"><a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/birth-center-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4927 tag-link-position-1" style="font-size: 10.456140350877pt;" aria-label="Birth Center Birth Story (3 items)">Birth Center Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/breastfeeding/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-44 tag-link-position-2" style="font-size: 13.730994152047pt;" aria-label="Breastfeeding (9 items)">Breastfeeding</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/caesarean-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4941 tag-link-position-3" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Caesarean Birth Story (10 items)">Caesarean Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/doula-support-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4932 tag-link-position-4" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Doula Support Birth Story (10 items)">Doula Support Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/gestationaldiabetes/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-6169 tag-link-position-5" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Gestational Diabetes (10 items)">Gestational Diabetes</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/home-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4939 tag-link-position-6" style="font-size: 11.27485380117pt;" aria-label="Home Birth Story (4 items)">Home Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/hospital-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4934 tag-link-position-7" style="font-size: 18.479532163743pt;" aria-label="Hospital Birth Story (37 items)">Hospital Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/infertility-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4937 tag-link-position-8" style="font-size: 13.321637426901pt;" aria-label="Infertility Birth Story (8 items)">Infertility Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/lgbtq-stories/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-7785 tag-link-position-9" style="font-size: 11.27485380117pt;" aria-label="LGBTQ+ Stories (4 items)">LGBTQ+ Stories</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/midwife-care-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4931 tag-link-position-10" style="font-size: 16.187134502924pt;" aria-label="Midwife Care Birth Story (19 items)">Midwife Care Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/miscarriage/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-83 tag-link-position-11" style="font-size: 14.631578947368pt;" aria-label="Miscarriage (12 items)">Miscarriage</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/obgyn-care-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4936 tag-link-position-12" style="font-size: 17.087719298246pt;" aria-label="OBGYN Care Birth Story (25 items)">OBGYN Care Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/pcos/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-6005 tag-link-position-13" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="PCOS (1 item)">PCOS</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/pcos-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4942 tag-link-position-14" style="font-size: 15.368421052632pt;" aria-label="PCOS Birth Story (15 items)">PCOS Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-babywearing/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-149 tag-link-position-15" style="font-size: 10.456140350877pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Babywearing (3 items)">Plus Size Babywearing</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-maternity-clothes/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-151 tag-link-position-16" style="font-size: 17.906432748538pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Maternity Clothes (31 items)">Plus Size Maternity Clothes</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-maternity-photos/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-169 tag-link-position-17" style="font-size: 15.614035087719pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Maternity Photos (16 items)">Plus Size Maternity Photos</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/plus-size-pregnancy/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-24 tag-link-position-18" style="font-size: 22pt;" aria-label="Plus Size Pregnancy (102 items)">Plus Size Pregnancy</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/postpartum/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-7827 tag-link-position-19" style="font-size: 9.4736842105263pt;" aria-label="postpartum (2 items)">postpartum</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/rainbow-baby-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4938 tag-link-position-20" style="font-size: 11.929824561404pt;" aria-label="Rainbow Baby Birth Story (5 items)">Rainbow Baby Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/size-friendly-care-providers/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-3929 tag-link-position-21" style="font-size: 14.058479532164pt;" aria-label="Size Friendly Care Providers (10 items)">Size Friendly Care Providers</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/trying-to-conceive/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-6374 tag-link-position-22" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="Trying To Conceive (1 item)">Trying To Conceive</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/natural-childbirth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4930 tag-link-position-23" style="font-size: 15.368421052632pt;" aria-label="Unmedicated Birth Story (15 items)">Unmedicated Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/vbac-birth-story/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4933 tag-link-position-24" style="font-size: 12.502923976608pt;" aria-label="VBAC Birth Story (6 items)">VBAC Birth Story</a> <a href="https://plussizebirth.com/tag/voices/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-7783 tag-link-position-25" style="font-size: 11.929824561404pt;" aria-label="Voices (5 items)">Voices</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="middle-footer footer-widget-area"> </div> <div class="right-footer footer-widget-area"><div id="block-20" class="widget-container widget_block"> <ul class="wp-block-social-links is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex"><li class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-instagram wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/plussizebirth/" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 c-0.315,0.315-0.615,0.51-1.035,0.673c-0.317,0.123-0.794,0.27-1.671,0.31c-0.949,0.043-1.233,0.052-3.637,0.052 s-2.688-0.009-3.637-0.052c-0.877-0.04-1.354-0.187-1.671-0.31c-0.42-0.163-0.72-0.358-1.035-0.673 c-0.315-0.315-0.51-0.615-0.673-1.035c-0.123-0.317-0.27-0.794-0.31-1.671C4.631,14.688,4.622,14.403,4.622,12 s0.009-2.688,0.052-3.637c0.04-0.877,0.187-1.354,0.31-1.671c0.163-0.42,0.358-0.72,0.673-1.035 c0.315-0.315,0.615-0.51,1.035-0.673c0.317-0.123,0.794-0.27,1.671-0.31C9.312,4.631,9.597,4.622,12,4.622 M12,3 C9.556,3,9.249,3.01,8.289,3.054C7.331,3.098,6.677,3.25,6.105,3.472C5.513,3.702,5.011,4.01,4.511,4.511 c-0.5,0.5-0.808,1.002-1.038,1.594C3.25,6.677,3.098,7.331,3.054,8.289C3.01,9.249,3,9.556,3,12c0,2.444,0.01,2.751,0.054,3.711 c0.044,0.958,0.196,1.612,0.418,2.185c0.23,0.592,0.538,1.094,1.038,1.594c0.5,0.5,1.002,0.808,1.594,1.038 c0.572,0.222,1.227,0.375,2.185,0.418C9.249,20.99,9.556,21,12,21s2.751-0.01,3.711-0.054c0.958-0.044,1.612-0.196,2.185-0.418 c0.592-0.23,1.094-0.538,1.594-1.038c0.5-0.5,0.808-1.002,1.038-1.594c0.222-0.572,0.375-1.227,0.418-2.185 C20.99,14.751,21,14.444,21,12s-0.01-2.751-0.054-3.711c-0.044-0.958-0.196-1.612-0.418-2.185c-0.23-0.592-0.538-1.094-1.038-1.594 c-0.5-0.5-1.002-0.808-1.594-1.038c-0.572-0.222-1.227-0.375-2.185-0.418C14.751,3.01,14.444,3,12,3L12,3z M12,7.378 c-2.552,0-4.622,2.069-4.622,4.622S9.448,16.622,12,16.622s4.622-2.069,4.622-4.622S14.552,7.378,12,7.378z M12,15 c-1.657,0-3-1.343-3-3s1.343-3,3-3s3,1.343,3,3S13.657,15,12,15z M16.804,6.116c-0.596,0-1.08,0.484-1.08,1.08 s0.484,1.08,1.08,1.08c0.596,0,1.08-0.484,1.08-1.08S17.401,6.116,16.804,6.116z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Instagram</span></a></li> <li class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/PlusSizeBirth/" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-pinterest wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.pinterest.com/plussizebirth/" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12.289,2C6.617,2,3.606,5.648,3.606,9.622c0,1.846,1.025,4.146,2.666,4.878c0.25,0.111,0.381,0.063,0.439-0.169 c0.044-0.175,0.267-1.029,0.365-1.428c0.032-0.128,0.017-0.237-0.091-0.362C6.445,11.911,6.01,10.75,6.01,9.668 c0-2.777,2.194-5.464,5.933-5.464c3.23,0,5.49,2.108,5.49,5.122c0,3.407-1.794,5.768-4.13,5.768c-1.291,0-2.257-1.021-1.948-2.277 c0.372-1.495,1.089-3.112,1.089-4.191c0-0.967-0.542-1.775-1.663-1.775c-1.319,0-2.379,1.309-2.379,3.059 c0,1.115,0.394,1.869,0.394,1.869s-1.302,5.279-1.54,6.261c-0.405,1.666,0.053,4.368,0.094,4.604 c0.021,0.126,0.167,0.169,0.25,0.063c0.129-0.165,1.699-2.419,2.142-4.051c0.158-0.59,0.817-2.995,0.817-2.995 c0.43,0.784,1.681,1.446,3.013,1.446c3.963,0,6.822-3.494,6.822-7.833C20.394,5.112,16.849,2,12.289,2"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Pinterest</span></a></li> <li class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-mail wp-block-social-link"><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#9cf5f2faf3dcecf0e9efeff5e6f9fef5eee8f4b2fff3f1" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewbox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M19,5H5c-1.1,0-2,.9-2,2v10c0,1.1.9,2,2,2h14c1.1,0,2-.9,2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm.5,12c0,.3-.2.5-.5.5H5c-.3,0-.5-.2-.5-.5V9.8l7.5,5.6,7.5-5.6V17zm0-9.1L12,13.6,4.5,7.9V7c0-.3.2-.5.5-.5h14c.3,0,.5.2.5.5v.9z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">Mail</span></a></li></ul> </div><div id="block-24" class="widget-container widget_block widget_text"> <p><em>None of the information on this website or social media outlets should be interpreted as medical advice. Always talk to your care provider about any questions or concerns you may have! </em><br><br><a rel="noopener" href="https://plussizebirth.com/disclaimer-privacy-policy/" target="_blank"><strong>Privacy Policy</strong></a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div data-rocket-location-hash="7f7a3108806f98314962313ed5b33c89" class="footer-copy"><p><h5 class="has-text-align-center" id="h-featured-in">Featured In </h5> <div class="wp-block-image is-style-default"><figure class="aligncenter size-large"><img width="1920" height="200" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=&#039;http://www.w3.org/2000/svg&#039;%20width=&#039;1920&#039;%20height=&#039;200&#039;%20viewBox=&#039;0%200%201920%20200&#039;%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="perfmatters-lazy" data-src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Plus-Size-Birth-Featured-In-3.png" /><noscript><img width="1920" height="200" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Plus-Size-Birth-Featured-In-3.png" /></noscript></figure></div></p> © 2024 Plus Size Birth</p></div> </div> </footer> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --><script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="pmdelayedscript" src="//assets.pinterest.com/js/pinit.js" data-pin-hover="true" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-H9MLCCT0M1" defer data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" defer data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); // ? multiple tracking ids gtag('config', 'G-H9MLCCT0M1', { 'send_page_view': Boolean(1), 'anonymize_ip': Boolean(1) }); </script> <!-- Lasso tracking events - Performance --> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://js.getlasso.co/lasso-performance.min.js?ver=329.20241128" defer data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" defer data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> document.addEventListener("lassoTrackingEventLoaded", function(e) { e.detail.init({ 'lssid': '856257abc5c7d839673514b1199dccc6', 'lsid': 'ls-lt495brt4vj951tqgsgd3t2bm4', 'pid': '35351', 'ipa': '1', 'performance': '1', 'matching': '0', }); }); </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" id="getwid-blocks-frontend-js-js-extra" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var Getwid = {"settings":[],"ajax_url":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","isRTL":"","nonces":{"contact_form":"9b5bb0aa15"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/getwid/assets/js/frontend.blocks.js?ver=2.0.12" id="getwid-blocks-frontend-js-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" id="convertkit-broadcasts-js-extra" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var convertkit_broadcasts = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","action":"convertkit_broadcasts_render","debug":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/convertkit/resources/frontend/js/broadcasts.js?ver=2.6.3" id="convertkit-broadcasts-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" id="convertkit-js-js-extra" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var convertkit = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","debug":"","nonce":"370120f48f","subscriber_id":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/convertkit/resources/frontend/js/convertkit.js?ver=2.6.3" id="convertkit-js-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" id="social_warfare_script-js-extra" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var socialWarfare = {"addons":[],"post_id":"35351","variables":{"emphasizeIcons":false,"powered_by_toggle":false,"affiliate_link":"https:\/\/warfareplugins.com"},"floatBeforeContent":""}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/social-warfare/assets/js/script.min.js?ver=4.5.4" id="social_warfare_script-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.lazyLoadOptions={elements_selector:"img[data-src],.perfmatters-lazy,.perfmatters-lazy-css-bg",thresholds:"0px 0px",class_loading:"pmloading",class_loaded:"pmloaded",callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName==="IFRAME"){if(element.classList.contains("pmloaded")){if(typeof window.jQuery!="undefined"){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}};window.addEventListener("LazyLoad::Initialized",function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;});function perfmattersLazyLoadYouTube(e){var t=document.createElement("iframe"),r="ID?";r+=0===e.dataset.query.length?"":e.dataset.query+"&",r+="autoplay=1",t.setAttribute("src",r.replace("ID",e.dataset.src)),t.setAttribute("frameborder","0"),t.setAttribute("allowfullscreen","1"),t.setAttribute("allow","accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"),e.replaceChild(t,e.firstChild)} /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" async src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/perfmatters/js/lazyload.min.js?ver=2.3.4" id="perfmatters-lazy-load-js"></script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" id="mv-trellis-js-extra" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mvt = {"version":"0.18.1","options":{"register_pwa":false,"require_name_email":true},"rest_url":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com\/wp-json\/","site_url":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com","img_host":"plussizebirth.com","theme_directory":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com\/wp-content\/themes\/mediavine-trellis","pwa_version":"31769","comments":{"order":"asc","per_page":20,"page_comments":true,"enabled":true,"has_comments":"0"},"i18n":{"COMMENTS":"Comments","REPLY":"Reply","COMMENT":"Comment","COMMENT_PLACEHOLDER":"Write your comment...","REPLY_PLACEHOLDER":"Write your reply...","NAME":"Name","EMAIL":"Email","AT":"at","SHOW_MORE":"Show More Comments","LOADING":"Loading...","PLEASE_WAIT":"Please wait...","COMMENT_POSTED":"Comment posted!","FLOOD_MESSAGE":"Please wait before posting another comment.","FLOOD_HEADER":"Slow down, you're commenting too quickly!","DUPLICATE_MESSAGE":"It looks as though you've already said that!","DUPLICATE_HEADER":"Duplicate comment detected","INVALID_PARAM_MESSAGE":"Please check your email address.","INVALID_PARAM_HEADER":"Invalid email address","INVALID_CONTENT_MESSAGE":"Please check your comment before sending it again.","INVALID_CONTENT_HEADER":"Invalid content","AUTHOR_REQUIRED_MESSAGE":"Creating a comment requires valid author name and email values.","AUTHOR_REQUIRED_HEADER":"Missing some fields","GENERIC_ERROR":"Something went wrong."}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/themes/mediavine-trellis/assets/dist/main.0.18.1.js?ver=0.18.1" id="mv-trellis-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <script defer type="pmdelayedscript" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js?ver=1721003230" id="akismet-frontend-js" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script> <div class="swp_social_panelSide swp_floating_panel swp_social_panel swp_ swp_default_full_color swp_individual_full_color swp_other_full_color slide swp_float_left" data-min-width="1100" data-float-color="#ffffff" data-float="left" data-float-mobile="none" data-transition="slide" data-post-id="35351" ><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_pinterest" data-network="pinterest"><a rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" class="nc_tweet swp_share_link noPop" href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F" onClick="event.preventDefault(); var e=document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('charset','UTF-8'); e.setAttribute('src','//assets.pinterest.com/js/pinmarklet.js?r='+Math.random()*99999999); document.body.appendChild(e); " ><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_pinterest_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Pin</span></span></span></span></a></div><div class="nc_tweetContainer swp_share_button swp_facebook" data-network="facebook"><a class="nc_tweet swp_share_link" rel="nofollow noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F" data-link="https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fplussizebirth.com%2Fshoulder-dystocia%2F"><span class="swp_count swp_hide"><span class="iconFiller"><span class="spaceManWilly"><i class="sw swp_facebook_icon"></i><span class="swp_share">Share</span></span></span></span></a></div></div><script type="pmdelayedscript" data-perfmatters-type="text/javascript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"> var swp_nonce = "bd1fdf0707";function parentIsEvil() { var html = null; try { var doc = top.location.pathname; } catch(err){ }; if(typeof doc === "undefined") { return true } else { return false }; }; if (parentIsEvil()) { top.location = self.location.href; };var url = "https://plussizebirth.com/shoulder-dystocia/";if(url.indexOf("stfi.re") != -1) { var canonical = ""; var links = document.getElementsByTagName("link"); for (var i = 0; i < links.length; i ++) { if (links[i].getAttribute("rel") === "canonical") { canonical = links[i].getAttribute("href")}}; canonical = canonical.replace("?sfr=1", "");top.location = canonical; console.log(canonical);};var swpFloatBeforeContent = false; var swp_ajax_url = "https://plussizebirth.com/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"; var swp_post_id = "35351";var swpClickTracking = false;</script> <script type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1">var rocket_beacon_data = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"f665355b40","url":"https:\/\/plussizebirth.com\/shoulder-dystocia","is_mobile":false,"width_threshold":1600,"height_threshold":700,"delay":500,"debug":null,"status":{"atf":true,"lrc":true},"elements":"img, video, picture, p, main, div, li, svg, section, header, span","lrc_threshold":1800}</script><script data-name="wpr-wpr-beacon" src="https://plussizebirth.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/assets/js/wpr-beacon.min.js" async type="pmdelayedscript" data-cfasync="false" data-no-optimize="1" data-no-defer="1" data-no-minify="1" data-rocketlazyloadscript="1"></script><script id="perfmatters-delayed-scripts-js">const pmDelayClick=true;const pmUserInteractions=["keydown","mousedown","mousemove","wheel","touchmove","touchstart","touchend"],pmDelayedScripts={normal:[],defer:[],async:[]},jQueriesArray=[],pmInterceptedClicks=[];var pmDOMLoaded=!1,pmClickTarget="";function pmTriggerDOMListener(){"undefined"!=typeof pmDelayTimer&&clearTimeout(pmDelayTimer),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.removeEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),document.removeEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener),"loading"===document.readyState?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",pmTriggerDelayedScripts):pmTriggerDelayedScripts()}async function pmTriggerDelayedScripts(){pmDelayEventListeners(),pmDelayJQueryReady(),pmProcessDocumentWrite(),pmSortDelayedScripts(),pmPreloadDelayedScripts(),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.normal),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.defer),await pmLoadDelayedScripts(pmDelayedScripts.async),await pmTriggerEventListeners(),document.querySelectorAll("link[data-pmdelayedstyle]").forEach(function(e){e.setAttribute("href",e.getAttribute("data-pmdelayedstyle"))}),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-allScriptsLoaded")),pmWaitForPendingClicks().then(()=>{pmReplayClicks()})}function pmDelayEventListeners(){let e={};function t(t,n){function r(n){return e[t].delayedEvents.indexOf(n)>=0?"perfmatters-"+n:n}e[t]||(e[t]={originalFunctions:{add:t.addEventListener,remove:t.removeEventListener},delayedEvents:[]},t.addEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.add.apply(t,arguments)},t.removeEventListener=function(){arguments[0]=r(arguments[0]),e[t].originalFunctions.remove.apply(t,arguments)}),e[t].delayedEvents.push(n)}function n(e,t){let n=e[t];Object.defineProperty(e,t,{get:n||function(){},set:function(n){e["perfmatters"+t]=n}})}t(document,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"DOMContentLoaded"),t(window,"load"),t(window,"pageshow"),t(document,"readystatechange"),n(document,"onreadystatechange"),n(window,"onload"),n(window,"onpageshow")}function pmDelayJQueryReady(){let e=window.jQuery;Object.defineProperty(window,"jQuery",{get:()=>e,set(t){if(t&&t.fn&&!jQueriesArray.includes(t)){t.fn.ready=t.fn.init.prototype.ready=function(e){pmDOMLoaded?e.bind(document)(t):document.addEventListener("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded",function(){e.bind(document)(t)})};let n=t.fn.on;t.fn.on=t.fn.init.prototype.on=function(){if(this[0]===window){function e(e){return e=(e=(e=e.split(" ")).map(function(e){return"load"===e||0===e.indexOf("load.")?"perfmatters-jquery-load":e})).join(" ")}"string"==typeof arguments[0]||arguments[0]instanceof String?arguments[0]=e(arguments[0]):"object"==typeof arguments[0]&&Object.keys(arguments[0]).forEach(function(t){delete Object.assign(arguments[0],{[e(t)]:arguments[0][t]})[t]})}return n.apply(this,arguments),this},jQueriesArray.push(t)}e=t}})}function pmProcessDocumentWrite(){let e=new Map;document.write=document.writeln=function(t){var n=document.currentScript,r=document.createRange();let a=e.get(n);void 0===a&&(a=n.nextSibling,e.set(n,a));var i=document.createDocumentFragment();r.setStart(i,0),i.appendChild(r.createContextualFragment(t)),n.parentElement.insertBefore(i,a)}}function pmSortDelayedScripts(){document.querySelectorAll("script[type=pmdelayedscript]").forEach(function(e){e.hasAttribute("src")?e.hasAttribute("defer")&&!1!==e.defer?pmDelayedScripts.defer.push(e):e.hasAttribute("async")&&!1!==e.async?pmDelayedScripts.async.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e):pmDelayedScripts.normal.push(e)})}function pmPreloadDelayedScripts(){var e=document.createDocumentFragment();[...pmDelayedScripts.normal,...pmDelayedScripts.defer,...pmDelayedScripts.async].forEach(function(t){var n=t.getAttribute("src");if(n){var r=document.createElement("link");r.href=n,"module"==t.getAttribute("data-perfmatters-type")?r.rel="modulepreload":(r.rel="preload",r.as="script"),e.appendChild(r)}}),document.head.appendChild(e)}async function pmLoadDelayedScripts(e){var t=e.shift();return t?(await pmReplaceScript(t),pmLoadDelayedScripts(e)):Promise.resolve()}async function pmReplaceScript(e){return await pmNextFrame(),new Promise(function(t){let n=document.createElement("script");[...e.attributes].forEach(function(e){let t=e.nodeName;"type"!==t&&("data-perfmatters-type"===t&&(t="type"),n.setAttribute(t,e.nodeValue))}),e.hasAttribute("src")?(n.addEventListener("load",t),n.addEventListener("error",t)):(n.text=e.text,t()),e.parentNode.replaceChild(n,e)})}async function pmTriggerEventListeners(){pmDOMLoaded=!0,await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-DOMContentLoaded")),await pmNextFrame(),document.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-readystatechange")),await pmNextFrame(),document.perfmattersonreadystatechange&&document.perfmattersonreadystatechange(),await pmNextFrame(),window.dispatchEvent(new Event("perfmatters-load")),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonload&&window.perfmattersonload(),await pmNextFrame(),jQueriesArray.forEach(function(e){e(window).trigger("perfmatters-jquery-load")});let e=new Event("perfmatters-pageshow");e.persisted=window.pmPersisted,window.dispatchEvent(e),await pmNextFrame(),window.perfmattersonpageshow&&window.perfmattersonpageshow({persisted:window.pmPersisted})}async function pmNextFrame(){return new Promise(function(e){requestAnimationFrame(e)})}function pmReplayClicks(){window.removeEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler),pmInterceptedClicks.forEach(e=>{e.target.outerHTML===pmClickTarget&&e.target.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent("click",{view:e.view,bubbles:!0,cancelable:!0}))})}function pmWaitForPendingClicks(){return new Promise(e=>{window.pmIsClickPending?pmPendingClickFinished=e:e()})}function pmPendingClickStarted(){window.pmIsClickPending=!0}function pmPendingClickFinished(){window.pmIsClickPending=!1}function pmClickHandler(e){e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmInterceptedClicks.push(e),e.preventDefault(),e.stopPropagation(),e.stopImmediatePropagation(),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchStartHandler(e){"HTML"!==e.target.tagName&&(pmClickTarget||(pmClickTarget=e.target.outerHTML),window.addEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.addEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.addEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"onclick","pm-onclick"),pmPendingClickStarted())}function pmTouchMoveHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler),e.target.removeEventListener("click",pmClickHandler),pmRenameDOMAttribute(e.target,"pm-onclick","onclick"),pmPendingClickFinished()}function pmTouchEndHandler(e){window.removeEventListener("touchend",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("mouseup",pmTouchEndHandler),window.removeEventListener("touchmove",pmTouchMoveHandler,{passive:!0}),window.removeEventListener("mousemove",pmTouchMoveHandler)}function pmRenameDOMAttribute(e,t,n){e.hasAttribute&&e.hasAttribute(t)&&(event.target.setAttribute(n,event.target.getAttribute(t)),event.target.removeAttribute(t))}window.pmIsClickPending=!1,window.addEventListener("pageshow",e=>{window.pmPersisted=e.persisted}),pmUserInteractions.forEach(function(e){window.addEventListener(e,pmTriggerDOMListener,{passive:!0})}),pmDelayClick&&(window.addEventListener("touchstart",pmTouchStartHandler,{passive:!0}),window.addEventListener("mousedown",pmTouchStartHandler)),document.addEventListener("visibilitychange",pmTriggerDOMListener);</script></body> </html> <!-- This website is like a Rocket, isn't it? Performance optimized by WP Rocket. Learn more: https://wp-rocket.me - Debug: cached@1732779898 -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10