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.mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"TSAR" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">Tsar</a> or <a href="/wiki/TSAR_Publications" title="TSAR Publications">TSAR Publications</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <p><b>SAR</b> or <b>Harosa</b> is a highly diverse <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clade</a> of <a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">eukaryotes</a>, often considered a <a href="/wiki/Supergroup_(biology)" title="Supergroup (biology)">supergroup</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-eToL_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eToL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that includes <a href="/wiki/Stramenopile" title="Stramenopile">stramenopiles</a> (heterokonts), <a href="/wiki/Alveolate" title="Alveolate">alveolates</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rhizarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhizarian">rhizarians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17726520_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17726520-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid19237557_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19237557-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid18799712_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18799712-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="/wiki/Phylogenetic_nomenclature#Phylogenetic_definitions_of_clade_names" title="Phylogenetic nomenclature">node-based</a> <a href="/wiki/Taxon" title="Taxon">taxon</a>, including all descendants of the three groups' last common ancestor,<sup id="cite_ref-adl2012_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adl2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and comprises most of the now-rejected <a href="/wiki/Chromalveolata" title="Chromalveolata">Chromalveolata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eToL_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eToL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their sister group has been found to be <a href="/wiki/Telonemia" title="Telonemia">telonemids</a>, with which they make up the <b>TSAR</b> clade.<sup id="cite_ref-Telonemia_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telonemia-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(200,250,80)">SAR<br><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">736–0 Ma</span><sup id="cite_ref-Parfrey2011_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parfrey2011-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:250px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; font-size:small; position:relative; z-index:0;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(153,192,141); left:220.50773980251px; width:15.703916975018px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,197,202); left:236.21165677753px; width:10.175705559083px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(242,249,29); left:246.38736233661px; width:3.6126376633897px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(154,217,221); left:220.50773980251px; width:29.492260197491px;"><a href="/wiki/Phanerozoic" title="Phanerozoic"><span style="color:black;">Pha.</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,67,112); left:113.15766426554px; width:49.263240864406px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,180,98); left:162.42090512995px; width:32.84216057627px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,179,66); left:195.26306570622px; width:25.244674096293px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,53,99); left:113.15766426554px; width:107.35007553697px;"><a href="/wiki/Proterozoic" title="Proterozoic"><span style="color:black;">Proterozoic</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(218,3,127); left:29.355417861756px; width:23.591618680621px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(244,68,159); left:52.947036542377px; width:21.894773717514px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,104,169); left:74.841810259891px; width:21.894773717514px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(249,155,193); left:96.736583977405px; width:16.421080288135px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,4,127); left:29.355417861756px; width:83.802246403783px;"><a href="/wiki/Archean" title="Archean"><span style="color:black;">Archean</span></a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:12px; top:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(174,2,126); left:0px; width:29.355417861756px;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(174,2,126); left:0px; width:29.355417861756px;"><a href="/wiki/Hadean" title="Hadean"><span style="color:white;">Had.</span></a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:249px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:250px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:163.6798546187px; width:86.320145381297px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:209.71361635977px; width:40.286383640225px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:210.71361635977px; width:38.286383640225px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Harosa.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Harosa.png/220px-Harosa.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Harosa.png/330px-Harosa.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Harosa.png/440px-Harosa.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2308"></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/SAR" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diaphoretickes" title="Diaphoretickes">Diaphoretickes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/TSAR" class="mw-redirect" title="TSAR">TSAR</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SAR</a><br><small>Burki et al., 2007</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(200,250,80)">Subtaxa </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halvaria" title="Halvaria">Halvaria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stramenopile" title="Stramenopile">Stramenopiles</a> (heterokonts)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(200,250,80)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li>Harosa <small>Cavalier-Smith, 2010</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Etymology"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Etymology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#History_of_discovery"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">History of discovery</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Diversity"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Diversity</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Internal_phylogeny"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Internal phylogeny</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=SAR_supergroup&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>The name SAR is an <a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">acronym</a> derived from the first letters of its three constituent clades;<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it has been alternatively spelled "RAS".<sup id="cite_ref-adl2012_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adl2012-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-J1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-J1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "Harosa" (at the subkingdom level) has also been used, with Stramenopiles replaced by its synonym Heterokonta in this variant of the acronym.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid20031978_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20031978-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History_of_discovery">History of discovery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=SAR_supergroup&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History of discovery" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Before the discovery of the SAR supergroup, <a href="/wiki/Stramenopiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Stramenopiles">stramenopiles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alveolates" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolates">alveolates</a> were classified in the supergroup <a href="/wiki/Chromalveolata" title="Chromalveolata">Chromalveolata</a> alongside <a href="/wiki/Haptophytes" class="mw-redirect" title="Haptophytes">haptophytes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cryptomonads" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptomonads">cryptomonads</a>, being believed to have acquired plastids through <a href="/wiki/Secondary_endosymbiosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary endosymbiosis">secondary endosymbiosis</a> of <a href="/wiki/Red_algae" title="Red algae">red algae</a> through a common ancestor.<sup id="cite_ref-eToL_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eToL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, <a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a> was traditionally considered to be a separate supergroup. More recent <a href="/wiki/Phylogenetics" title="Phylogenetics">phylogenetic</a> studies confirmed that stramenopiles and alveolates diverged with rhizarians as part of the SAR lineage.<sup id="cite_ref-Ancestor_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ancestor-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This clade has been found by later phylogenomic studies to be robustly characterized compared to other supergroups.<sup id="cite_ref-Telonemia_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telonemia-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This groups excludes haptophytes and cryptomonads, hypothesized to have acquired plastids in separate endosymbiosis events,<sup id="cite_ref-Strassert_2021_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strassert_2021-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leading Okamoto <i>et al.</i> (2009) to propose the clade <a href="/wiki/Hacrobia" title="Hacrobia">Hacrobia</a> to accommodate them.<sup id="cite_ref-burki2014_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burki2014-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Diversity">Diversity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=SAR_supergroup&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Diversity" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The SAR supergroup encompasses a variety of morphologies and ecological niches, from microscopic <a href="/wiki/Zooplankton" title="Zooplankton">zoo</a>- and <a href="/wiki/Phytoplankton" title="Phytoplankton">phytoplankton</a> to massive <a href="/wiki/Kelp_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelp forests">kelp forests</a>. The group includes both photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic forms. Photosynthesis arose independently across various <a href="/wiki/Stramenopiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Stramenopiles">stramenopiles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alveolate" title="Alveolate">alveolates</a> lineages through secondary or higher-order <a href="/wiki/Endosymbiosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Endosymbiosis">endosymbiosis</a> events, acquiring plastids of <a href="/wiki/Red_algae" title="Red algae">red algal</a> origin,<sup id="cite_ref-McFadden_2001_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McFadden_2001-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Strassert_2021_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strassert_2021-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Chlorarachniophyte" title="Chlorarachniophyte">chlorarachniophyte</a> <a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">rhizarians</a> captured plastids from <a href="/wiki/Green_algae" title="Green algae">green algae</a>, retaining vestigial <a href="/wiki/Nucleomorph" title="Nucleomorph">nucleomorphs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid19174147_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid19174147-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has been estimated that SAR encompasses up to half of all eukaryotic diversity.<sup id="cite_ref-eToL_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eToL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Owing to the clade's discovery through <a href="/wiki/Phylogenomics" title="Phylogenomics">phylogenomics</a>, there are no known synapomorphies uniting its various members.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17726520_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17726520-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was already the case for its subclade Rhizaria, established earlier through similar means. On the other hand, Stramenopiles is well-defined morphologically, characterized by an anterior flagellum with tripartite bristles (<a href="/wiki/Mastigonemes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mastigonemes">mastigonemes</a>), while Alveolata is united by the presence of <a href="/wiki/Cortical_alveoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Cortical alveoli">cortical alveoli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Microbial_Diversity_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Microbial_Diversity-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nonetheless, studies of <a href="/wiki/Telonemia" title="Telonemia">telonemids</a>, believed to be the sister group to SAR, have revealed characteristics such as tripartite hair and peripheral vacuoles, potentially homologous to similar structures in stramenopiles and alveolates. This brings into light the possibility of these structures being ancestrally shared by the clade, with cortical alveoli originating from peripheral vacuoles under this hypothesis.<sup id="cite_ref-Telonemia_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telonemia-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internal_phylogeny">Internal phylogeny</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=SAR_supergroup&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Internal phylogeny" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A 2021 analysis places Alveolata and Stramenopiles in <a href="/wiki/Halvaria" title="Halvaria">Halvaria</a>, as sister to Rhizaria.<sup id="cite_ref-Strassert_2021_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strassert_2021-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1258728058">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="font-size:100%;line-height:80%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>TSAR</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Telonemia" title="Telonemia">Telonemia</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Telonema_rivulare_(electron_micrography).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg/50px-Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="167"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 50px;height: 35px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg/50px-Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg" data-width="50" data-height="35" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg/75px-Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg/100px-Telonema_rivulare_%28electron_micrography%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><b>SAR</b>/ </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sticholonche.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Sticholonche.png/50px-Sticholonche.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="154"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 50px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Sticholonche.png/50px-Sticholonche.png" data-width="50" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Sticholonche.png/75px-Sticholonche.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Sticholonche.png/100px-Sticholonche.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Halvaria" title="Halvaria">Halvaria</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1258728058"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceratium_furca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ceratium_furca.jpg/90px-Ceratium_furca.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="43" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="350"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 43px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ceratium_furca.jpg/90px-Ceratium_furca.jpg" data-width="90" data-height="43" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ceratium_furca.jpg/135px-Ceratium_furca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Ceratium_furca.jpg/180px-Ceratium_furca.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Stramenopile" title="Stramenopile">Stramenopiles</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg/50px-Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="61" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="573" data-file-height="694"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 50px;height: 61px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg/50px-Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-width="50" data-height="61" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Cafeteria_roenbergensis_atcc50561_Protsville_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"><b>Harosa</b> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=SAR_supergroup&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeplastida" title="Archaeplastida">Archaeplastida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excavata" title="Excavata">Excavata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opisthokonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Opisthokonta">Opisthokonta</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=SAR_supergroup&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some recent studies do not recover the TSAR clade and find telonemids to branch within or sister to <a href="/wiki/Haptista" title="Haptista">Haptista</a>, albeit with moderate support. In such case TSAR would be a polyphyletic group.<sup id="cite_ref-CAM_clade_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CAM_clade-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Torruella_2024_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torruella_2024-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As a formal taxon, "Sar" has only its first letter capitalized, while the earlier abbreviation, SAR, retains all uppercase letters. Both names denote the same group of organisms, unless further taxonomic revisions deem otherwise.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=SAR_supergroup&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Parfrey2011-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Parfrey2011_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLaura_Wegener_ParfreyDaniel_J_G_LahrAndrew_H_KnollLaura_A_Katz2011" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Wegener_Parfrey" title="Laura Wegener Parfrey">Laura Wegener Parfrey</a>, Daniel J G Lahr, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_H._Knoll" title="Andrew H. 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<section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مجموعة سار الرئيسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة سار الرئيسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergrupu_SAR" title="Supergrupu SAR – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Supergrupu SAR" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_SAR" title="Супергрупа SAR – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Супергрупа SAR" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergrupa_SAR" title="Supergrupa SAR – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Supergrupa SAR" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergrup_SAR" title="Supergrup SAR – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Supergrup SAR" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR_(taxonomie)" title="SAR (taxonomie) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="SAR (taxonomie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar_(Eukaryoten)" title="Sar (Eukaryoten) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sar (Eukaryoten)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergrupo_SAR" title="Supergrupo SAR – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Supergrupo SAR" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar_(super-groupe)" title="Sar (super-groupe) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sar (super-groupe)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergrupo_SAR" title="Supergrupo SAR – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Supergrupo SAR" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR_%EC%83%81%EA%B5%B0" title="SAR 상군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="SAR 상군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harosa" title="Harosa – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Harosa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergrup_SAR" title="Supergrup SAR – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Supergrup SAR" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar_(taxon)" title="Sar (taxon) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sar (taxon)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9C-%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%AA_SAR" title="על-קבוצת SAR – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="על-קבוצת SAR" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar" title="Sar – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sar" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR-clade" title="SAR-clade – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="SAR-clade" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97" title="SARスーパーグループ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="SARスーパーグループ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar_(supergrupa)" title="Sar (supergrupa) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sar (supergrupa)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harosa" title="Harosa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Harosa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supergrupul_SAR" title="Supergrupul SAR – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Supergrupul SAR" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar" title="Sar – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Sar" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR_supergroup" title="SAR supergroup – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="SAR supergroup" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR_supergrupa" title="SAR supergrupa – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="SAR supergrupa" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR" title="SAR – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="SAR" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sar" title="Sar – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Sar" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAR%E8%B6%85%E7%B1%BB%E7%BE%A4" title="SAR超类群 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="SAR超类群" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 12 November 2024, at 17:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li 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