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Siliciu - Wikipedia

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vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istoric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istoric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istoric</span> </div> </a> <ul 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aria-controls="toc-Proprietăți-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Proprietăți subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Proprietăți-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Proprietăți_fizice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proprietăți_fizice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Proprietăți fizice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proprietăți_fizice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proprietăți_chimice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proprietăți_chimice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Proprietăți chimice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proprietăți_chimice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compuși" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compuși"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Compuși</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compuși-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Răspândire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Răspândire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Răspândire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Răspândire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Producere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Producere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Producere</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Producere-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Producere subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Producere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Preparare_în_laborator" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Preparare_în_laborator"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Preparare în laborator</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Preparare_în_laborator-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Producere_la_scară_industrială" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Producere_la_scară_industrială"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Producere la scară industrială</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Producere_la_scară_industrială-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utilizare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilizare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Utilizare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utilizare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rolul_elementului_în_biologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rolul_elementului_în_biologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Rolul elementului în biologie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rolul_elementului_în_biologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Măsuri_de_protecție_chimică" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Măsuri_de_protecție_chimică"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Măsuri de protecție chimică</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Măsuri_de_protecție_chimică-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Siliciu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 168 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-168" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">168 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B2%E1%88%8D%E1%8A%A8%E1%8A%95" title="ሲልከን – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሲልከን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Silicio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकन – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सिलिकन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86" title="سيليكون – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيليكون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="سيليسيوم – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سيليسيوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86" title="سيليكون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيليكون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliciu" title="Siliciu – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Siliciu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकन – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सिलिकन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silisium" title="Silisium – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Silisium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86" title="سیلیکون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیلیکون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – balineză" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Крэмній – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Крэмній" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%BD" title="Крэмн – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Крэмн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Силиций – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Силиций" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकॉन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सिलिकॉन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="သီလီကွန် – Pa&#039;O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သီလီကွန်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa&#039;O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8" title="সিলিকন – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিলিকন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%AD%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="སྭི་ལི་ཀོན། – tibetană" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྭི་ལི་ཀོན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikiom" title="Silikiom – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Silikiom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicij" title="Silicij – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Silicij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8E%D1%83%D1%80" title="Сахюур – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Сахюур" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silici" title="Silici – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Silici" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ADk_(ngu%C3%B2ng-s%C3%B3)" title="Sĭk (nguòng-só) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sĭk (nguòng-só)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliko" title="Siliko – cebuană" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Siliko" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%86" title="سیلیکۆن – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیلیکۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliciu" title="Siliciu – corsicană" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Siliciu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corsicană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%99em%C3%ADk" title="Křemík – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Křemík" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Silicon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%A8%DE%86%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ސިލިކަން – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސިލިކަން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Πυρίτιο – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πυρίτιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Silicon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Silicio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Silicio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A4ni" title="Räni – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Räni" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silizio" title="Silizio – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Silizio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85" title="سیلیسیم – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیلیسیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pii_(alkuaine)" title="Pii (alkuaine) – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pii (alkuaine)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – feroeză" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliitsium" title="Siliitsium – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Siliitsium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silici" title="Silici – friulană" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Silici" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sileacan" title="Sileacan – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sileacan" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sileacon" title="Sileacon – gaelică scoțiană" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sileacon" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaelică scoțiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Silicio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarepotiat%C3%A3" title="Kuarepotiatã – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuarepotiatã" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe&#039;ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A8" title="સિલિકોન – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સિલિકોન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicoin" title="Silicoin – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Silicoin" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%CC%8Dt" title="Si̍t – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Si̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikone" title="Silikone – hawaiiană" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Silikone" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9F" title="צורן – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צורן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकॉन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सिलिकॉन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Silicon" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicij" title="Silicij – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Silicij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silisy%C3%B2m" title="Silisyòm – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Silisyòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szil%C3%ADcium" title="Szilícium – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szilícium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Սիլիցիում – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիլիցիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Սիղիկիոն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սիղիկիոն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliko" title="Siliko – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Siliko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%ADsill" title="Kísill – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kísill" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Silicio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%82%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="ケイ素 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケイ素" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikan" title="Silikan – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Silikan" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/cancmu" title="cancmu – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="cancmu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="სილიციუმი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სილიციუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%A9l%C9%A9s%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Sɩlɩsɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Sɩlɩsɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Silicon" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸಿಲಿಕಾನ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಿಲಿಕಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%9C%EC%86%8C" title="규소 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="규소" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AEl%C3%AEsy%C3%BBm" title="Sîlîsyûm – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sîlîsyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silizium" title="Silizium – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Silizium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – limburgheză" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sili%C3%A7io" title="Siliçio – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Siliçio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio – lombardă" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Silicio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicis" title="Silicis – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Silicis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sil%C4%ABcijs" title="Silīcijs – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Silīcijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silisi%C3%B4ma" title="Silisiôma – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Silisiôma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takawai" title="Takawai – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Takawai" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Силициум – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Силициум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BA" title="സിലിക്കൺ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിലിക്കൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%80" title="Цахиур – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цахиур" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯀꯣꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯀꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकॉन – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिलिकॉन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဆီလီကွန် – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆီလီကွန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecpatepozteuh" title="Tecpatepozteuh – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tecpatepozteuh" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silizium" title="Silizium – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Silizium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकन – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सिलिकन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकन – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सिलिकन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silisium" title="Silisium – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Silisium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silisium" title="Silisium – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Silisium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silisium" title="Silisium – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Silisium" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silici" title="Silici – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Silici" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pii" title="Pii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Pii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%A8" title="ସିଲିକନ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସିଲିକନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸਿਲੀਕਾਨ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਿਲੀਕਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकन – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सिलिकन" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krzem" title="Krzem – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Krzem" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silissi" title="Silissi – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Silissi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سلیکان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سلیکان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سليکان – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سليکان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sil%C3%ADcio" title="Silício – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Silício" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ullayayaq" title="Ullayayaq – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ullayayaq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliciu" title="Siliciu – aromână" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Siliciu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromână" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A8" title="सिलिकन – sanscrită" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सिलिकन" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrită" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱠᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sil%C3%ACtziu" title="Silìtziu – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Silìtziu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliciu" title="Siliciu – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Siliciu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seelicon" title="Seelicon – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Seelicon" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سليڪان – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سليڪان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicij" title="Silicij – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Silicij" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="සිලිකන් – singhaleză" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිලිකන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singhaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Silicon" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krem%C3%ADk" title="Kremík – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kremík" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicij" title="Silicij – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Silicij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikoon" title="Silikoon – somaleză" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Silikoon" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silici" title="Silici – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Silici" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Силицијум – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Силицијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Silicium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – sundaneză" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kisel" title="Kisel – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kisel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikoni" title="Silikoni – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Silikoni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சிலிக்கான் – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிலிக்கான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="సిలికాన్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సిలికాన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Силисий – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Силисий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="ซิลิคอน – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซิลิคอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Silikon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silisyum" title="Silisyum – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Silisyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кремний" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A" title="سىلىتسىي – uigură" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سىلىتسىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigură" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Кремній – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кремній" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیلیکان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیلیکان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kremniy" title="Kremniy – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kremniy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C5%82icio" title="Siłicio – venetă" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Siłicio" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ola" title="Ola – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ola" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silic" title="Silic – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Silic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silikin" title="Silikin – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Silikin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Silicio" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="硅" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D3%99%D0%BA%D2%AF%D1%80" title="Цәкүр – calmucă" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Цәкүр" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="calmucă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="סיליציום – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סיליציום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADl%C3%ADk%E1%BB%8D%CC%81n%C3%B9" title="Sílíkọ́nù – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sílíkọ́nù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gveih" title="Gveih – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gveih" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="硅" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="硅" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ke-s%C3%B2%CD%98" title="Ke-sò͘ – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ke-sò͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%BD" title="矽 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="矽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISiphemba" title="ISiphemba – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="ISiphemba" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q670#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siliciu" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie:Siliciu" rel="discussion" title="Discuții despre această pagină [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">română</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siliciu"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Unelte</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acțiuni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Siliciu"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=history"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Siliciu" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Siliciu" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fișier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;oldid=16192494" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&amp;page=Siliciu&amp;id=16192494&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSiliciu"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSiliciu"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Siliciu"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Siliciu&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Silicon" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q670" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" 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/></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>Acest articol sau această secțiune are <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor">bibliografia</a> incompletă sau inexistentă.</b><br />Puteți contribui prin adăugarea de referințe în vederea <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilitate" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilitate">susținerii bibliografice</a> a afirmațiilor pe care le conține.<span class="hide-when-compact"> </span><span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infocaseta" cellspacing="2"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="antet stiinteexacte" style="background-color:#cccc99">Siliciu </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:SiliconCroda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/SiliconCroda.jpg/200px-SiliconCroda.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" 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style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#a0ffa0;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen"><span style="float: left; width: 7px; height: 9px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;">&#160;</span></a> </td> <td style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border:none;width:7px;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> </td> <td colspan="14" rowspan="5" style="border:none;padding:0;background-color:transparent;">&#160; </td> <td colspan="9" rowspan="3" style="border:none;text-align:center;padding:0;background-color:transparent;"> <table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size:10pt;border:none;padding:0;line-height:1em;background-color:transparent;"><br />14</td> <td 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style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#E8E8E8;"><a href="/wiki/Ununpentiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Ununpentiu"><span style="float: left; width: 7px; height: 9px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;">&#160;</span></a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#cccccc;"><a href="/wiki/Livermoriu" title="Livermoriu"><span style="float: left; width: 7px; height: 9px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;">&#160;</span></a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#fcfecc;"><a href="/wiki/Ununseptiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Ununseptiu"><span style="float: left; width: 7px; height: 9px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;">&#160;</span></a> </td> <td style="padding:0;width:7px;height:9px;border:none;background-color:#c0ffff;"><a href="/wiki/Ununoctiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Ununoctiu"><span style="float: left; width: 7px; height: 9px; font-size: 9px; line-height: 9px; word-spacing: 3px; cursor: pointer;">&#160;</span></a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="valign:middle; text-align:center;"><b>Si</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="valign:middle; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Germaniu" title="Germaniu">Ge</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" style="padding-top:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Tabelul_periodic_al_elementelor" title="Tabelul periodic al elementelor">Tabelul complet</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tabelul_periodic_al_elementelor_(extins)" title="Tabelul periodic al elementelor (extins)">Tabelul extins</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#cccc99; text-align: center; padding: 3px; line-height: 15px;">Informații generale </th></tr> <tr> <td width="60%"><a href="/wiki/Lista_elementelor_chimice_dup%C4%83_nume" title="Lista elementelor chimice după nume">Nume</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tabelul_periodic_al_elementelor" title="Tabelul periodic al elementelor">Simbol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Num%C4%83r_atomic" title="Număr atomic">Număr</a> </td> <td width="40%">Siliciu, Si, 14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serie_chimic%C4%83" title="Serie chimică">Serie chimică</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid">metaloizi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grupele_tabelului_periodic" class="mw-redirect" title="Grupele tabelului periodic">Grupă</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perioadele_tabelului_periodic" class="mw-redirect" title="Perioadele tabelului periodic">Perioadă</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blocurile_tabelului_periodic" class="mw-redirect" title="Blocurile tabelului periodic">Bloc</a> </td> <td>14, 3, p </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Densitate" title="Densitate">Densitate</a> </td> <td>2330 <a href="/wiki/Kilogram_pe_metru_cub" title="Kilogram pe metru cub">kg/m³</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Culoare" title="Culoare">Culoare</a> </td> <td>gri închis </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Num%C4%83r_CAS" class="mw-redirect" title="Număr CAS">Număr CAS</a> </td> <td>7440-21-3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Num%C4%83r_EINECS&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Număr EINECS — pagină inexistentă">Număr EINECS</a> </td> <td>231-130-8 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#cccc99; text-align: center; padding: 3px; line-height: 15px;">Proprietăți atomice </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mas%C4%83_atomic%C4%83" title="Masă atomică">Masă atomică</a> </td> <td>28,0855 <a href="/wiki/Unitate_atomic%C4%83_de_mas%C4%83" title="Unitate atomică de masă">u</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raz%C4%83_atomic%C4%83" title="Rază atomică">Rază atomică</a> </td> <td>110 (111) <a href="/wiki/Picometru" title="Picometru">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raz%C4%83_de_covalen%C8%9B%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Rază de covalență">Rază de covalență</a> </td> <td>111 <a href="/wiki/Picometru" title="Picometru">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Raz%C4%83_van_der_Waals" title="Rază van der Waals">Rază van der Waals</a> </td> <td>210 <a href="/wiki/Picometru" title="Picometru">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Configura%C8%9Bie_electronic%C4%83" title="Configurație electronică">Configurație electronică</a> </td> <td>[Ne] 3s<sup>2</sup> 3p<sup>2</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electron" title="Electron">Electroni</a> pe <a href="/wiki/Nivel_de_energie" title="Nivel de energie">nivelul de energie</a> </td> <td>2, 8, 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Num%C4%83r_de_oxidare" title="Număr de oxidare">Număr de oxidare</a> </td> <td>+1, +2, +3, +4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxid" title="Oxid">Oxid</a> </td> <td>amfoter </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Structur%C4%83_cristalin%C4%83" title="Structură cristalină">Structură cristalină</a> </td> <td>diamant </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#cccc99; text-align: center; padding: 3px; line-height: 15px;">Proprietăți fizice </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stare_de_agregare" title="Stare de agregare">Fază ordinară</a> </td> <td>solid </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Punct_de_topire" title="Punct de topire">Punct de topire</a> </td> <td>1413,9 <a href="/wiki/%C2%B0C" class="mw-redirect" title="°C">°C</a>&#160;; 1687&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Punct_de_fierbere" title="Punct de fierbere">Punct de fierbere</a> </td> <td>2899,9&#160;°C&#160;; 3173&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energie_de_fuziune&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Energie de fuziune — pagină inexistentă">Energie de fuziune</a> </td> <td>50,55 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energie_de_evaporare&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Energie de evaporare — pagină inexistentă">Energie de evaporare</a> </td> <td>384,22 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr style="display:none;"> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temperatur%C4%83_critic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Temperatură critică — pagină inexistentă">Temperatură critică</a> </td> <td>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> </td></tr> <tr style="display:none;"> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presiune_critic%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Presiune critică — pagină inexistentă">Presiune critică</a> </td> <td>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unitate)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pascal (unitate)">Pa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Volum_molar" title="Volum molar">Volum molar</a> </td> <td>12,06×10<sup>-6</sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metru_cub_pe_kmol&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metru cub pe kmol — pagină inexistentă">m³/kmol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Presiune_de_vapori" title="Presiune de vapori">Presiune de vapori</a> </td> <td>4,77 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Viteza_sunetului" title="Viteza sunetului">Viteza sunetului</a> </td> <td>8433 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metru_pe_secund%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metru pe secundă — pagină inexistentă">m/s</a> la 20 <a href="/wiki/Grad_Celsius" class="mw-redirect" title="Grad Celsius">°C</a> </td></tr> <tr style="display:none;"> <td>Forță <a href="/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet">magnetică</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#cccc99; text-align: center; padding: 3px; line-height: 15px;">Informații diverse </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Electronegativitate" title="Electronegativitate">Electronegativitate</a> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Scara_lui_Pauling&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Scara lui Pauling — pagină inexistentă">Pauling</a>)</small> </td> <td>1,90 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Capacitate_termic%C4%83_masic%C4%83" title="Capacitate termică masică">Capacitate termică masică</a> </td> <td>700 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joule_pe_kilogram-kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joule pe kilogram-kelvin — pagină inexistentă">J/(kg·K)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Conductivitate_electric%C4%83" title="Conductivitate electrică">Conductivitate electrică</a> </td> <td>2,52×10<sup>-4</sup> <a href="/wiki/Siemens_(unitate)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siemens (unitate)">S</a>/m </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Conductivitate_termic%C4%83" title="Conductivitate termică">Conductivitate termică</a> </td> <td>148 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Watt_pe_metru-kelvin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Watt pe metru-kelvin — pagină inexistentă">W/(m·K)</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure786,5"> <td>Prima <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>786,5 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure1577,1"> <td>A 2-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>1577,1 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure3231,6"> <td>A 3-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>3231,6 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure4355,5"> <td>A 4-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>4355,5 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure16.091"> <td>A 5-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>16.091 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure19.805"> <td>A 6-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>19.805 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure23.780"> <td>A 7-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>23.780 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure29.287"> <td>A 8-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>29.287 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure33.878"> <td>A 9-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>33.878 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr class="hiddenStructure38.726"> <td>A 10-a <a href="/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare">energie de ionizare</a> </td> <td>38.726 <a href="/wiki/Joule_pe_mol" title="Joule pe mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#cccc99; text-align: center; padding: 3px; line-height: 15px; margin-top:none; margin-left:none; margin-right:none;">Cei mai stabili izotopi </th></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" style="padding:0px"> <table width="100%" rules="all" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:0;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#f2f2f2;"> <td valign="middle" rowspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Izotop" title="Izotop">Simbol</a></td> <td valign="middle" rowspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Abunden%C8%9B%C4%83_natural%C4%83" title="Abundență naturală">AN</a></td> <td valign="middle" rowspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Perioad%C4%83_de_%C3%AEnjum%C4%83t%C4%83%C8%9Bire" title="Perioadă de înjumătățire">T<small>1/2</small></a></td> <td valign="middle" rowspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Mod_de_dezintegrare" class="mw-redirect" title="Mod de dezintegrare">MD</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Energie_de_dezintegrare" title="Energie de dezintegrare">Ed</a></td> <td valign="middle" rowspan="2"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Produsul_dezintegr%C4%83rii&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Produsul dezintegrării — pagină inexistentă">PD</a></td></tr> <tr style="background:#f2f2f2;"> <td><a href="/wiki/Electronvolt" title="Electronvolt">MeV</a></td></tr> <tr><td><sup>28</sup>Si</td><td>92,23&#160;%</td><td colspan="4">stabil cu 14 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutroni</a></td> </tr> <tr><td><sup>29</sup>Si</td><td>4,67&#160;%</td><td colspan="4">stabil cu 15 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutroni</a></td> </tr> <tr><td><sup>30</sup>Si</td><td>3,1&#160;%</td><td colspan="4">stabil cu 16 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutroni</a></td> </tr> <tr><td><sup>32</sup>Si</td><td><a href="/wiki/Radioizotop" title="Radioizotop">sintetic</a></td><td>172 de ani</td><td>β-</td><td>0,224</td><td><sup>32</sup><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">P</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td><td> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:#cccc99; text-align: center; padding: 3px; line-height: 15px;">Precauții </th></tr> <tr style="display:none;"> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704">NFPA 704</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 2px #cccc99 solid; font-size: 80%;"><i>Unitățile <a href="/wiki/Sistemul_interna%C8%9Bional_de_unit%C4%83%C8%9Bi" title="Sistemul internațional de unități">SI</a> și condiții de temperatură și presiune normale dacă nu s-a specificat altfel.</i> </td></tr> <tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #FFFFFF solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=0">text</a></span>&#160;<span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Element_chimic" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span></td> </tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16861271">.mw-parser-output .infocaseta{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Siliciul</b> este un <a href="/wiki/Element_chimic" title="Element chimic">element chimic</a> cu simbolul chimic <b>Si</b> și <a href="/wiki/Num%C4%83r_atomic" title="Număr atomic">numărul atomic</a> 14. Este un element <a href="/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid">metaloid</a> <a href="/wiki/Valen%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Valență">tetravalent</a> și <a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">semiconductor</a>, cristalin, solid, cu luciu metalic albastru-gri. Face parte din <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grupa_14_a_tabelului_periodic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Grupa 14 a tabelului periodic — pagină inexistentă">grupa 14 a tabelului periodic</a>, aflându-se sub <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">carbon</a> și deasupra elementelor <a href="/wiki/Germaniu" title="Germaniu">germaniu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Staniu" title="Staniu">staniu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plumb" title="Plumb">plumb</a> și <a href="/wiki/Fleroviu" title="Fleroviu">fleroviu</a>. Este un element relativ nereactiv. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Siliciul a fost prima dată identificat de <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jakob_Berzelius" title="Jöns Jakob Berzelius">Jöns Jakob Berzelius</a> în anul 1823. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structură_atomică"><span id="Structur.C4.83_atomic.C4.83"></span>Structură atomică</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Structură atomică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Structură atomică"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izotopi">Izotopi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Izotopi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Izotopi"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proprietăți"><span id="Propriet.C4.83.C8.9Bi"></span>Proprietăți</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Proprietăți" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Proprietăți"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proprietăți_fizice"><span id="Propriet.C4.83.C8.9Bi_fizice"></span>Proprietăți fizice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Proprietăți fizice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Proprietăți fizice"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simbol_chimic" title="Simbol chimic">Simbol chimic</a>: <i>Si</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Num%C4%83r_atomic" title="Număr atomic">Număr atomic</a>: 14</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mas%C4%83_atomic%C4%83" title="Masă atomică">Masă atomică</a>: 28.08 g/mol</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Densitate" title="Densitate">Densitate</a>, (la 20&#160;°C): 2,33 g/cm<sup>3</sup> , (puțin inferioară <a href="/wiki/Titan" title="Titan">titanului</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronegativitate" title="Electronegativitate">Electronegativitate</a> (pe scala <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Pauling</a>): 1.9</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punct_de_topire" title="Punct de topire">Punct de topire</a>: 1.414&#160;°C</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punct_de_fierbere" title="Punct de fierbere">Punct de fierbere</a>: 3.265&#160;°C</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stare_de_agregare" title="Stare de agregare">Stare</a>: solidă</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culoare" title="Culoare">Culoare</a>: gri deschis</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proprietăți_chimice"><span id="Propriet.C4.83.C8.9Bi_chimice"></span>Proprietăți chimice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Proprietăți chimice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Proprietăți chimice"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compuși"><span id="Compu.C8.99i"></span>Compuși</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Compuși" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Compuși"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv/220px--Si_hydrides.theora.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="176" data-durationhint="43" data-mwtitle="Si_hydrides.theora.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Si_hydrides.theora.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="600" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1c/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs=&quot;theora, vorbis&quot;" data-width="720" data-height="576" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="180" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="300" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="450" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1c/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv/Si_hydrides.theora.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="450" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Bucăți de <i>siliciură de magneziu</i> sunt amestecate cu <i>acid sulfuric</i> diluat rezultând gaze de <i>silan</i> (<i>hidrură de siliciu</i>) și <i>hidrogen</i>. Bulele de silan se oxidează la contactul cu aerul, producând miniexplozii și rezultând mai departe în <i>dioxid de siliciu</i> și vapori de apă.</figcaption></figure> <p>Siliciul este puțin reactiv. Acesta arde in oxigen la 600<sup>o</sup>C: Si+O<sub>2</sub>→SiO<sub>2</sub>. </p><p>Dintre halogeni, Si se combină la temperatura camerei numai cu <a href="/wiki/F" title="F">F</a>. Cu <a href="/wiki/Cl" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Cl">Cl</a> și <a href="/wiki/Br" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Br">Br</a> reacționează la 500<sup>o</sup>C formând tetrahalogenurile respective: Si+2F<sub>2</sub> →SiF<sub>4</sub>, Si+2Cl<sub>2</sub> →SiCl<sub>4</sub>. La încălzire, Si reacționează lent cu vaporii de apă la temperatura de 800 <sup>o</sup>C: Si+2H<sub>2</sub>O→SiO<sub>2</sub>+2H<sub>2</sub>↑. Este rezistent față de acizi, cu excepția <a href="/wiki/Acid_fluorhidric" title="Acid fluorhidric">acidului fluorhidric</a> (HF), dar reacționeaza la cald cu <a href="/wiki/Hidroxid" title="Hidroxid">hidroxizii</a> alcalini formând <a href="/wiki/Silica%C8%9Bi" class="mw-redirect" title="Silicați">silicați</a> și degajând hidrogen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Răspândire"><span id="R.C4.83sp.C3.A2ndire"></span>Răspândire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Răspândire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Răspândire"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Siliciul este foarte răspândit în natură, însă nu în stare liberă, deși masa sa alcătuiește 27,5&#160;% din cea a scoarței <a href="/wiki/P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt" title="Pământ">Pământului</a> prin constituția silicată sub forma silicei (<a href="/wiki/Dioxid_de_siliciu" title="Dioxid de siliciu">dioxidului de siliciu</a>) și <a href="/wiki/Silica%C8%9Bi" class="mw-redirect" title="Silicați">silicați</a> cum ar fi <a href="/wiki/Mica" class="mw-disambig" title="Mica">mica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feldspat" title="Feldspat">feldspatul</a>, ș.a. Este al doilea element ca răspândire pe <a href="/wiki/P%C4%83m%C3%A2nt" title="Pământ">Pământ</a>, după <a href="/wiki/Oxigen" title="Oxigen">oxigen</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cuar%C8%9B" title="Cuarț">Cuarțul</a> este forma cristalină stabilă a bioxidului de siliciu, prezentându-se în stare pură sub formă de cristale incolore (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cristal_de_st%C3%A2nc%C4%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cristal de stâncă — pagină inexistentă">cristal de stâncă</a>), precum și varietăți colorate: <a href="/wiki/Ametist" title="Ametist">ametistul</a>—<a href="/wiki/Violet" title="Violet">violet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citrin" title="Citrin">citrinul</a>—<a href="/wiki/Galben" title="Galben">galben</a> etc. Siliciul se găsește în <a href="/wiki/Graminee" class="mw-redirect" title="Graminee">graminee</a>, în scheletul multor animale marine (<a href="/wiki/Diatomee" title="Diatomee">diatomee</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzori&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Infuzori — pagină inexistentă">infuzori</a>); după moartea acestor animale, scheletele se depun pe fundul mărilor formând <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiselgur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiselgur — pagină inexistentă">kiselgurul</a> sau <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C4%83m%C3%A2ntul_de_infuzori&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pământul de infuzori — pagină inexistentă">pământul de infuzori</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Producere">Producere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Producere" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Producere"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preparare_în_laborator"><span id="Preparare_.C3.AEn_laborator"></span>Preparare în laborator</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Preparare în laborator" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Preparare în laborator"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Producere_la_scară_industrială"><span id="Producere_la_scar.C4.83_industrial.C4.83"></span>Producere la scară industrială</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifică secțiunea: Producere la scară industrială" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Producere la scară industrială"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilizare">Utilizare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifică secțiunea: Utilizare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Utilizare"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Siliciul este folosit ca materie primă în construcția dispozitivelor <a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">semiconductoare</a> și în fabricarea <a href="/wiki/Celul%C4%83_solar%C4%83" title="Celulă solară">celulelor solare</a>. Compușii siliciului au diverse utilizări: <a href="/wiki/Argila" class="mw-redirect" title="Argila">argila</a> și <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caolinul&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Caolinul — pagină inexistentă">caolinul</a> sunt materii prime pentru fabricarea produselor ceramice și a cimentului, iar dioxidul de siliciu în fabricarea sticlei. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rolul_elementului_în_biologie"><span id="Rolul_elementului_.C3.AEn_biologie"></span>Rolul elementului în biologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifică secțiunea: Rolul elementului în biologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Rolul elementului în biologie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Măsuri_de_protecție_chimică"><span id="M.C4.83suri_de_protec.C8.9Bie_chimic.C4.83"></span>Măsuri de protecție chimică</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifică secțiunea: Măsuri de protecție chimică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Măsuri de protecție chimică"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tabelul_periodic_al_elementelor" title="Tabelul periodic al elementelor">Tabelul periodic al elementelor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lista_elementelor_chimice_dup%C4%83_nume" title="Lista elementelor chimice după nume">Lista elementelor chimice după nume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumoconioze" class="mw-redirect" title="Pneumoconioze">Pneumoconioze</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>D. Marian, <i>Metale de înaltă puritate</i>, Editura Tehnică, 1988</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siliciu&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section&#39;s source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:right;border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0 0 1em 1em;font-size:90%;background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9);color:color:var(--color-base, #000);width:230px;padding:2px;spacing:2px;text-align:center;float:right"><div style="float:left;vertical-align:middle"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left:35px;line-height:normal;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Silicon?uselang=ro">siliciu</a></b></span></div></div> <ul><li><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba română">ro</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sistemul-periodic.go.ro/elemente/si.htm">Siliciul pe sistemul-periodic.go.ro</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080223143329/http://www.sistemul-periodic.go.ro/elemente/si.htm">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2008-02-23">23 februarie 2008</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Elemente_chimice" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Elemente_chimice" title="Format:Elemente chimice"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Elemente_chimice" title="Discuție Format:Elemente chimice"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Elemente_chimice&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Elemente_chimice" class="whiteText" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Element_chimic" title="Element chimic">Elemente chimice</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metale alcaline</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Litiu" title="Litiu">Litiu</a> (3) • <a href="/wiki/Sodiu" title="Sodiu">Sodiu</a> (11) • <a href="/wiki/Potasiu" title="Potasiu">Potasiu</a> (19) • <a href="/wiki/Rubidiu" title="Rubidiu">Rubidiu</a> (37) • <a href="/wiki/Cesiu" title="Cesiu">Cesiu</a> (55) • <a href="/wiki/Franciu" title="Franciu">Franciu</a> (87) • <a href="/wiki/Ununenniu" title="Ununenniu">Ununenniu</a> (119)</div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:TableImage.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/TableImage.png/80px-TableImage.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/TableImage.png/120px-TableImage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/TableImage.png/160px-TableImage.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="73" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metale alcalino-pământoase</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Beriliu" title="Beriliu">Beriliu</a> (4) • <a href="/wiki/Magneziu" title="Magneziu">Magneziu</a> (12) • <a href="/wiki/Calciu" title="Calciu">Calciu</a> (20) • <a href="/wiki/Stron%C8%9Biu" title="Stronțiu">Stronțiu</a> (38) • <a href="/wiki/Bariu" title="Bariu">Bariu</a> (56) • <a href="/wiki/Radiu" title="Radiu">Radiu</a> (88) • <a href="/wiki/Unbinilium" title="Unbinilium">Unbinilium</a> (120)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metale tranziționale</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Scandiu" title="Scandiu">Scandiu</a> (21) • <a href="/wiki/Titan" title="Titan">Titan</a> (22) • <a href="/wiki/Vanadiu" title="Vanadiu">Vanadiu</a> (23) • <a href="/wiki/Crom" title="Crom">Crom</a> (24) • <a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a> (25) • <a href="/wiki/Fier" title="Fier">Fier</a> (26) • <a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">Cobalt</a> (27) • <a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel">Nichel</a> (28) • <a href="/wiki/Cupru" title="Cupru">Cupru</a> (29) • <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a> (30) • <a href="/wiki/Ytriu" title="Ytriu">Ytriu</a> (39) • <a href="/wiki/Zirconiu" title="Zirconiu">Zirconiu</a> (40) • <a href="/wiki/Niobiu" title="Niobiu">Niobiu</a> (41) • <a href="/wiki/Molibden" title="Molibden">Molibden</a> (42) • <a href="/wiki/Techne%C8%9Biu" title="Technețiu">Technețiu</a> (43) • <a href="/wiki/Ruteniu" title="Ruteniu">Ruteniu</a> (44) • <a href="/wiki/Rodiu" title="Rodiu">Rodiu</a> (45) • <a href="/wiki/Paladiu" title="Paladiu">Paladiu</a> (46) • <a href="/wiki/Argint" title="Argint">Argint</a> (47) • <a href="/wiki/Cadmiu" title="Cadmiu">Cadmiu</a> (48) • <a href="/wiki/Hafniu" title="Hafniu">Hafniu</a> (72) • <a href="/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal">Tantal</a> (73) • <a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">Wolfram</a> (74) • <a href="/wiki/Reniu" title="Reniu">Reniu</a> (75) • <a href="/wiki/Osmiu" title="Osmiu">Osmiu</a> (76) • <a href="/wiki/Iridiu" title="Iridiu">Iridiu</a> (77) • <a href="/wiki/Platin%C4%83" title="Platină">Platină</a> (78) • <a href="/wiki/Aur" title="Aur">Aur</a> (79) • <a href="/wiki/Mercur_(element)" title="Mercur (element)">Mercur</a> (80) • <a href="/wiki/Rutherfordiu" title="Rutherfordiu">Rutherfordiu</a> (104) • <a href="/wiki/Dubniu" title="Dubniu">Dubniu</a> (105) • <a href="/wiki/Seaborgiu" title="Seaborgiu">Seaborgiu</a> (106) • <a href="/wiki/Bohriu" title="Bohriu">Bohriu</a> (107) • <a href="/wiki/Hassiu" title="Hassiu">Hassiu</a> (108) • <a href="/wiki/Meitneriu" title="Meitneriu">Meitneriu</a> (109) • <a href="/wiki/Darmstadtiu" title="Darmstadtiu">Darmstadtiu</a> (110) • <a href="/wiki/Roentgeniu" title="Roentgeniu">Roentgeniu</a> (111) • <a href="/wiki/Coperniciu" title="Coperniciu">Coperniciu</a> (112) • <a href="/wiki/Nihoniu" title="Nihoniu">Nihoniu</a> (113) • <a href="/wiki/Fleroviu" title="Fleroviu">Fleroviu</a> (114) • <a href="/wiki/Moscoviu" title="Moscoviu">Moscoviu</a> (115) • <a href="/wiki/Livermoriu" title="Livermoriu">Livermoriu</a> (116)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metale post-tranziționale</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Aluminiu" title="Aluminiu">Aluminiu</a> (13) • <a href="/wiki/Galiu" title="Galiu">Galiu</a> (31) • <a href="/wiki/Indiu" title="Indiu">Indiu</a> (49) • <a href="/wiki/Staniu" title="Staniu">Staniu</a> (50) • <a href="/wiki/Taliu" title="Taliu">Taliu</a> (81) • <a href="/wiki/Plumb" title="Plumb">Plumb</a> (82) • <a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bismut</a> (83) • <a href="/wiki/Poloniu" title="Poloniu">Poloniu</a> (84)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metaloizi</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bor_(element)" title="Bor (element)">Bor</a> (5) • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Siliciu</a> (14) • <a href="/wiki/Germaniu" title="Germaniu">Germaniu</a> (32) • <a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a> (33) • <a href="/wiki/Stibiu" title="Stibiu">Stibiu</a> (51) • <a href="/wiki/Telur" title="Telur">Telur</a> (52)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nemetale</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">Hidrogen</a> (1) • <a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">Carbon</a> (6) • <a href="/wiki/Azot" title="Azot">Azot</a> (7) • <a href="/wiki/Oxigen" title="Oxigen">Oxigen</a> (8) • <a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">Fosfor</a> (15) • <a href="/wiki/Sulf" title="Sulf">Sulf</a> (16) • <a href="/wiki/Seleniu" title="Seleniu">Seleniu</a> (34)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Halogeni</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor">Fluor</a> (9) • <a href="/wiki/Clor" title="Clor">Clor</a> (17) • <a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom">Brom</a> (35) • <a href="/wiki/Iod" title="Iod">Iod</a> (53) • <a href="/wiki/Astatin" title="Astatin">Astatin</a> (85) • <a href="/wiki/Tennessin" title="Tennessin">Tennessin</a> (117)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gaze nobile</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Heliu" title="Heliu">Heliu</a> (2) • <a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Neon</a> (10) • <a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Argon</a> (18) • <a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kripton</a> (36) • <a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a> (54) • <a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Radon</a> (86) • <a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Oganesson</a> (118)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lantanide</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Lantan" title="Lantan">Lantan</a> (57) • <a href="/wiki/Ceriu" title="Ceriu">Ceriu</a> (58) • <a href="/wiki/Praseodim" title="Praseodim">Praseodim</a> (59) • <a href="/wiki/Neodim" title="Neodim">Neodim</a> (60) • <a href="/wiki/Prome%C8%9Biu" title="Promețiu">Promețiu</a> (61) • <a href="/wiki/Samariu" title="Samariu">Samariu</a> (62) • <a href="/wiki/Europiu" title="Europiu">Europiu</a> (63) • <a href="/wiki/Gadoliniu" title="Gadoliniu">Gadoliniu</a> (64) <a href="/wiki/Terbiu" title="Terbiu">Terbiu</a> (65) • <a href="/wiki/Disprosiu" title="Disprosiu">Disprosiu</a> (66) • <a href="/wiki/Holmiu" title="Holmiu">Holmiu</a> (67) • <a href="/wiki/Erbiu" title="Erbiu">Erbiu</a> (68) • <a href="/wiki/Tuliu" title="Tuliu">Tuliu</a> (69) • <a href="/wiki/Yterbiu" title="Yterbiu">Yterbiu</a> (70) • <a href="/wiki/Lute%C8%9Biu" title="Lutețiu">Lutețiu</a> (71)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Actinide</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Actiniu" title="Actiniu">Actiniu</a> (89) • <a href="/wiki/Thoriu" title="Thoriu">Thoriu</a> (90) • <a href="/wiki/Protactiniu" title="Protactiniu">Protactiniu</a> (91) • <a href="/wiki/Uraniu" title="Uraniu">Uraniu</a> (92) • <a href="/wiki/Neptuniu" title="Neptuniu">Neptuniu</a> (93) • <a href="/wiki/Plutoniu" title="Plutoniu">Plutoniu</a> (94) • <a href="/wiki/Americiu" title="Americiu">Americiu</a> (95) • <a href="/wiki/Curiu" title="Curiu">Curiu</a> (96) • <a href="/wiki/Berkeliu" title="Berkeliu">Berkeliu</a> (97) • <a href="/wiki/Californiu" title="Californiu">Californiu</a> (98) • <a href="/wiki/Einsteiniu" title="Einsteiniu">Einsteiniu</a> (99) • <a href="/wiki/Fermiu" title="Fermiu">Fermiu</a> (100) • <a href="/wiki/Mendeleviu" title="Mendeleviu">Mendeleviu</a> (101) • <a href="/wiki/Nobeliu" title="Nobeliu">Nobeliu</a> (102) • <a href="/wiki/Lawrenciu" title="Lawrenciu">Lawrenciu</a> (103)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superactinide</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Unbiunium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbiunium">Unbiunium</a> (121) • <a href="/wiki/Unbibium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbibium">Unbibium</a> (122) • <a href="/wiki/Unbitrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbitrium">Unbitrium</a> (123) • <a href="/wiki/Unbiquadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbiquadium">Unbiquadium</a> (124) • <a href="/wiki/Unbipentium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbipentium">Unbipentium</a> (125) • <a href="/wiki/Unbihexium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbihexium">Unbihexium</a> (126) • <a href="/wiki/Unbiseptium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbiseptium">Unbiseptium</a> (127) • <a href="/wiki/Unbioctium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbioctium">Unbioctium</a> (128) • <a href="/wiki/Unbiennium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unbiennium">Unbiennium</a> (129) • <a href="/wiki/Untrinilium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untrinilium">Untrinilium</a> (130) • <a href="/wiki/Untriunium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untriunium">Untriunium</a> (131) • <a href="/wiki/Untribium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untribium">Untribium</a> (132) • <a href="/wiki/Untritrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untritrium">Untritrium</a> (133) • <a href="/wiki/Untriquadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untriquadium">Untriquadium</a> (134) • <a href="/wiki/Untripentium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untripentium">Untripentium</a> (135) • <a href="/wiki/Untrihexium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untrihexium">Untrihexium</a> (136) • <a href="/wiki/Untriseptium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untriseptium">Untriseptium</a> (137) • <a href="/wiki/Untrioctium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untrioctium">Untrioctium</a> (138) • <a href="/wiki/Untriennium" class="mw-redirect" title="Untriennium">Untriennium</a> (139) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadnilium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadnilium">Unquadnilium</a> (140) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadunium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadunium">Unquadunium</a> (141) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadbium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadbium">Unquadbium</a> (142) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadtrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadtrium">Unquadtrium</a> (143) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadquadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadquadium">Unquadquadium</a> (144) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadpentium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadpentium">Unquadpentium</a> (145) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadhexium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadhexium">Unquadhexium</a> (146) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadseptium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadseptium">Unquadseptium</a> (147) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadoctium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadoctium">Unquadoctium</a> (148) • <a href="/wiki/Unquadennium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unquadennium">Unquadennium</a> (149) • <a href="/wiki/Unpentnilium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unpentnilium">Unpentnilium</a> (150) • <a href="/wiki/Unpentunium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unpentunium">Unpentunium</a> (151) • <a href="/wiki/Unpentbium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unpentbium">Unpentbium</a> (152) • <a href="/wiki/Unpenttrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unpenttrium">Unpenttrium</a> (153) • <a href="/wiki/Unpentquadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unpentquadium">Unpentquadium</a> (154) • <a href="/wiki/Unpentpentium" class="mw-redirect" title="Unpentpentium">Unpentpentium</a> (155)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16786155">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:0 auto 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important;background:transparent!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Elemente_native" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Format:Elemente_native" title="Format:Elemente native"><abbr title="Vizualizează acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Elemente_native&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discuție Format:Elemente native — pagină inexistentă"><abbr title="Discută acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Elemente_native&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Modifică acest format" style=";;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;">m</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Elemente_native" class="whiteText" style="font-size:100%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elemente_native&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Elemente native — pagină inexistentă">Elemente native</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">01.A Metale și aliaje intermetalice</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Alam%C4%83" title="Alamă">Alamă</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Aluminiu" title="Aluminiu">Aluminiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Amalgam" title="Amalgam">Amalgam</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antitaenit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antitaenit — pagină inexistentă">Antitaenit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Argint" title="Argint">Argint</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Aur" title="Aur">Aur</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Auricuprid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Auricuprid — pagină inexistentă">Auricuprid</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avaruit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Avaruit — pagină inexistentă">Avaruit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cabriit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cabriit — pagină inexistentă">Cabriit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Cadmiu" title="Cadmiu">Cadmiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Crom" title="Crom">Crom</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cupalit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cupalit — pagină inexistentă">Cupalit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Cupru" title="Cupru">Cupru</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Fier" title="Fier">Fier</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hexaferrum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hexaferrum — pagină inexistentă">Hexaferrum</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Indiu" title="Indiu">Indiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Iridiu" title="Iridiu">Iridiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamacit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamacit — pagină inexistentă">Kamacit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khatyrkit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Khatyrkit — pagină inexistentă">Khatyrkit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Mercur_(element)" title="Mercur (element)">Mercur</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moschellandsbergit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moschellandsbergit — pagină inexistentă">Moschellandsbergit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nichel" title="Nichel">Nichel</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Osmiu" title="Osmiu">Osmiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Paladiu" title="Paladiu">Paladiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Platin%C4%83" title="Platină">Platină</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Plumb" title="Plumb">Plumb</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Reniu" title="Reniu">Reniu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Rodiu" title="Rodiu">Rodiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Ruteniu" title="Ruteniu">Ruteniu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skaergaardit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Skaergaardit — pagină inexistentă">Skaergaardit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Staniu" title="Staniu">Staniu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taenit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Taenit — pagină inexistentă">Taenit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Titan" title="Titan">Titan</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhanghengit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhanghengit — pagină inexistentă">Zhanghengit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a> </p> </div> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Gold-crystals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gold-crystals.jpg/120px-Gold-crystals.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Gold-crystals.jpg/250px-Gold-crystals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4788" data-file-height="3102" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">01.B Carbide, silicide, nitride și fosfide metalice</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allabogdanit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Allabogdanit — pagină inexistentă">Allabogdanit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cohenit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cohenit — pagină inexistentă">Cohenit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Hapkeit" title="Hapkeit">Hapkeit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haxonit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Haxonit — pagină inexistentă">Haxonit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roaldit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Roaldit — pagină inexistentă">Roaldit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schreibersit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Schreibersit — pagină inexistentă">Schreibersit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suessit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Suessit — pagină inexistentă">Suessit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tongbait&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tongbait — pagină inexistentă">Tongbait</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xifengit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Xifengit — pagină inexistentă">Xifengit</a> </p> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">01.C Metaloide și nemetale</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bismut</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaoit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaoit — pagină inexistentă">Chaoit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Diamant" title="Diamant">Diamant</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fullerit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fullerit — pagină inexistentă">Fullerit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit">Grafit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lonsdaleit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lonsdaleit — pagină inexistentă">Lonsdaleit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Seleniu" title="Seleniu">Seleniu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Siliciu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Stibiu" title="Stibiu">Stibiu</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Sulf" title="Sulf">Sulf</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Telur" title="Telur">Telur</a> </p> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">01.D Carbide și nitride nemetalice</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moissanit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moissanit — pagină inexistentă">Moissanit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nierit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nierit — pagină inexistentă">Nierit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinoit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinoit — pagină inexistentă">Sinoit</a> </p> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">01.X Neclasificate</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brownleeit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Brownleeit — pagină inexistentă">Brownleeit</a>&#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tantal_(chimie)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantal (chimie)">Tantal</a> </p> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Clasificarea_mineralelor" title="Clasificarea mineralelor">Clasificarea mineralelor</a> <small>(după Nickel-Strunz)</small>: <a href="/wiki/Format:Elemente_native" title="Format:Elemente native">01 Elemente native</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Sulfuri" title="Format:Sulfuri">02 Sulfuri</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:S%C4%83ruri_de_sulf" title="Format:Săruri de sulf">02 Săruri de sulf</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Halogenuri" title="Format:Halogenuri">03 Halogenuri</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Oxizi" title="Format:Oxizi">04 Oxizi</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Hidroxizi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Hidroxizi — pagină inexistentă">04 Hidroxizi</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Arseni%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Arseniți — pagină inexistentă">04 Arseniți</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Carbona%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Carbonați — pagină inexistentă">05 Carbonați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Nitra%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Nitrați — pagină inexistentă">05 Nitrați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Bora%C8%9Bi" title="Format:Borați">06 Borați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Sulfa%C8%9Bi" title="Format:Sulfați">07 Sulfați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Croma%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Cromați — pagină inexistentă">07 Cromați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Molibdena%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Molibdenați — pagină inexistentă">07 Molibdenați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Wolframa%C8%9Bi" title="Format:Wolframați">07 Wolframați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Fosfa%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Fosfați — pagină inexistentă">08 Fosfați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Arsena%C8%9Bi" title="Format:Arsenați">08 Arsenați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Vanada%C8%9Bi" title="Format:Vanadați">08 Vanadați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Neosilica%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Neosilicați — pagină inexistentă">09 Neosilicați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Sorosilica%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Sorosilicați — pagină inexistentă">09 Sorosilicați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Format:Ciclosilica%C8%9Bi" title="Format:Ciclosilicați">09 Ciclosilicați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Inosilica%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Inosilicați — pagină inexistentă">09 Inosilicați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Filosilica%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Filosilicați — pagină inexistentă">09 Filosilicați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Tectosilica%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Tectosilicați — pagină inexistentă">09 Tectosilicați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format:Germana%C8%9Bi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Format:Germanați — pagină inexistentă">09 Germanați</a> &#160;<span style="font-weight:bold;">&#183;</span>&#32; <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Minerale_organice" title="Format:Minerale organice">10 Minerale organice</a></span></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16786155" /> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate">Control de autoritate</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11976956v">cb11976956v</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11976956v">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4077445-4">4077445-4</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85122512">sh85122512</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00565390">00565390</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ph122083&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">ph122083</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" 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