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Tropical cyclone warnings and watches - Wikipedia

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class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1.2</span> <span>Zhuhai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zhuhai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ball_signal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ball_signal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Ball signal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ball_signal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Shenzhen_and_Zhuhai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shenzhen_and_Zhuhai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2.1</span> <span>Shenzhen and Zhuhai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shenzhen_and_Zhuhai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2.2</span> <span>Ports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hong_Kong_and_Macau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hong_Kong_and_Macau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Hong Kong and Macau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hong_Kong_and_Macau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philippines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philippines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Philippines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philippines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vietnam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vietnam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Vietnam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vietnam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Pacific_basin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Pacific_basin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>South Pacific basin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Pacific_basin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indian_Ocean_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_Ocean_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Indian Ocean systems</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Indian_Ocean_systems-sublist" 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class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Réunion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Réunion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_advisories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_advisories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Military advisories</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Military_advisories-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Military advisories subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Military_advisories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-HURCON/TCCOR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#HURCON/TCCOR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>HURCON/TCCOR</span> </div> </a> <ul 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:22.5em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">Tropical cyclones</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0 0 1.0em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hurricane_Kate_(2003)-_Good_pic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hurricane_Kate_%282003%29-_Good_pic.jpg/170px-Hurricane_Kate_%282003%29-_Good_pic.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hurricane_Kate_%282003%29-_Good_pic.jpg/255px-Hurricane_Kate_%282003%29-_Good_pic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hurricane_Kate_%282003%29-_Good_pic.jpg/340px-Hurricane_Kate_%282003%29-_Good_pic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #cee0f2; background: none; text-align: left;;color: var(--color-base)">Structure</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_dense_overcast" title="Central dense overcast">Central dense overcast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclogenesis" title="Tropical cyclogenesis">Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eye_(cyclone)" title="Eye (cyclone)">Eye</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #cee0f2; background: none; text-align: left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_tropical_cyclones" title="Effects of tropical cyclones">Effects</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_effects_by_region" title="Tropical cyclone effects by region">By Region</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Warnings and watches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_surge" title="Storm surge">Storm surge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_preparedness" title="Tropical cyclone preparedness">Preparedness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_response" title="Tropical cyclone response">Response</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #cee0f2; background: none; text-align: left;;color: var(--color-base)">Climatology and tracking</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_basins" title="Tropical cyclone basins">Basins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclones_and_climate_change" title="Tropical cyclones and climate change">Climate change effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Specialized_Meteorological_Centre" title="Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre">RSMCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_scales" title="Tropical cyclone scales">Scales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_observation" title="Tropical cyclone observation">Observation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_forecasting" title="Tropical cyclone forecasting">Forecasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_rainfall_forecasting" title="Tropical cyclone rainfall forecasting">Rainfall forecasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_rainfall_climatology" title="Tropical cyclone rainfall climatology">Rainfall climatology</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #cee0f2; background: none; text-align: left;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_naming" title="Tropical cyclone naming">Tropical cyclone naming</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_tropical_cyclone_naming" title="History of tropical cyclone naming">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historical_tropical_cyclone_names" title="List of historical tropical cyclone names">List of historical names</a></li> <li>Lists of retired names: <a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_Atlantic_hurricane_names" title="List of retired Atlantic hurricane names">Atlantic</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_Pacific_hurricane_names" title="List of retired Pacific hurricane names">Pacific hurricane</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_Pacific_typhoon_names" title="List of retired Pacific typhoon names">Pacific typhoon</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_Philippine_typhoon_names" title="List of retired Philippine typhoon names">Philippine</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_Australian_region_cyclone_names" title="List of retired Australian region cyclone names">Australian</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_retired_South_Pacific_cyclone_names" title="List of retired South Pacific cyclone names">South Pacific</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_tropical_cyclones" title="Outline of tropical cyclones">Outline</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Media_coverage_of_tropical_cyclones" title="Media coverage of tropical cyclones">Media coverage</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/16px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/24px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/32px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="2004" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tropical_cyclones" title="Portal:Tropical cyclones">Tropical cyclones&#32;portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tropicalcyclone" title="Template:Tropicalcyclone"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tropicalcyclone" title="Template talk:Tropicalcyclone"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tropicalcyclone" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tropicalcyclone"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tropical cyclone warnings and watches</b> are alerts issued by national <a href="/wiki/Weather_forecasting" title="Weather forecasting">weather forecasting</a> bodies to coastal areas threatened by the imminent approach of a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclone</a> of tropical storm or hurricane intensity. They are notices to the local population and civil authorities to make appropriate preparation for the cyclone, including evacuation of vulnerable areas where necessary. It is important that interests throughout the area of an alert make preparations to protect life and property, and do not disregard it on the strength of the detailed forecast track. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Western_hemisphere">Western hemisphere</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Western hemisphere"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Atlantic_hurricane_warnings" title="History of Atlantic hurricane warnings">History of Atlantic hurricane warnings</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:15em; float:right;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">Hurricane warning levels</th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#A188FC;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Western_hemisphere">Hurricane warning</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#A188FC;"> <i>Hurricane conditions<br />expected within 36 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#FF738A;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Western_hemisphere">Hurricane watch</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#FF738A;"> <i>Hurricane conditions<br />possible within 48 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#FF9E59;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Western_hemisphere">Tropical storm warning</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#FF9E59;"> <i>Tropical storm conditions expected within 36 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#FFFFD9;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Western_hemisphere">Tropical storm watch</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#FFFFD9;"> <i>Tropical storm conditions possible within 48 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#4DFFFF;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Western_hemisphere">Storm surge warning</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#4DFFFF;"> <i>Life-threatening storm surge possible within 36 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#4DFFFF;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Western_hemisphere">Storm surge watch</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#4DFFFF;"> <i>Life-threatening storm surge possible within 48 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> <a href="/wiki/Extreme_wind_warning" title="Extreme wind warning">Extreme wind warning</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> <i>Winds reaching Category 3 status or higher likely (issued two hours or less before onset of extreme winds).</i></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:HurricaneWarnings" title="Template:HurricaneWarnings"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:HurricaneWarnings" title="Template talk:HurricaneWarnings"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:HurricaneWarnings" title="Special:EditPage/Template:HurricaneWarnings"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hurricane_Lane_warning_(29254459177).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Hurricane_Lane_warning_%2829254459177%29.jpg/220px-Hurricane_Lane_warning_%2829254459177%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Hurricane_Lane_warning_%2829254459177%29.jpg/330px-Hurricane_Lane_warning_%2829254459177%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Hurricane_Lane_warning_%2829254459177%29.jpg/440px-Hurricane_Lane_warning_%2829254459177%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>Alert issued for the <a href="/wiki/Hawaii_(island)" title="Hawaii (island)">Big Island</a> about the message of hurricane warning during <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Lane_(2018)" title="Hurricane Lane (2018)">Hurricane Lane</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>New tropical cyclone position and forecast information is available at least every twelve hours in the Southern Hemisphere and at least every six hours in the Northern Hemisphere from Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers and Tropical Cyclone Warning Centers.<sup id="cite_ref-WMO_RSMC_list_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMO_RSMC_list-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NHCprod_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHCprod-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In conjunction with the <a href="/wiki/National_Hurricane_Center" title="National Hurricane Center">National Hurricane Center</a>, the national meteorological and hydrological services of <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a>, the northern <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, and the northeastern <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> east of the <a href="/wiki/140th_meridian_west" title="140th meridian west">140th meridian west</a>, excluding mainland Africa and Europe, all issue tropical storm/hurricane watches and warnings.<sup id="cite_ref-WMO_TCOP-H_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMO_TCOP-H-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tropical storm watches are issued when gale and storm force winds of between 34 and 63&#160;knots (39–73&#160;mph; 63–118&#160;km/h) are possible, within 48 hours in a specified area in association with a tropical, subtropical or post-tropical cyclone.<sup id="cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHC_Glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> These watches are upgraded to tropical storm warnings, when gale and storm force winds become expected to occur somewhere in the warning area within 36 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHC_Glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Hurricane watches are issued when sustained winds of 64 knots (74&#160;mph; 119&#160;km/h) are possible, within 48 hours in a specified area in association with a tropical, subtropical or post-tropical cyclone.<sup id="cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHC_Glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> These watches are upgraded to hurricane warnings, when hurricane-force winds become expected to occur somewhere in the warning area within 36 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHC_Glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because hurricane preparedness activities become difficult once winds reach tropical storm force, the hurricane watch and warnings are issued in advance of the anticipated onset of tropical-storm-force winds, rather than in advance of the anticipated onset of hurricane-force winds.<sup id="cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHC_Glossary-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> At times a tropical storm warning and a hurricane watch can both be in effect due to uncertainties in the forecast. These watches and warnings are also issued by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Pacific_Hurricane_Center" title="Central Pacific Hurricane Center">Central Pacific Hurricane Center</a> for the Hawaiian Islands and the Weather Forecast Office in <a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a> for parts of <a href="/wiki/Micronesia" title="Micronesia">Micronesia</a> but not for <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a> due to an international agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-NWS_Manual_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS_Manual-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within the United States an <a href="/wiki/Extreme_wind_warning" title="Extreme wind warning">extreme wind warning</a> is issued by the National Weather Service for any land areas that are expected to be impacted by a major (Category 3 or higher) hurricane and by sustained surface winds greater than or equal to 100&#160;knots (115&#160;mph; 185&#160;km/h).<sup id="cite_ref-NWS_Manual_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS_Manual-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The warning is issued just prior to when the strongest winds of the <a href="/wiki/Eyewall" class="mw-redirect" title="Eyewall">eyewall</a> are expected to impact an area.<sup id="cite_ref-nws_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nws-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The warning is to be issued for the smallest area possible, and be valid for times of two hours or less.<sup id="cite_ref-nws_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nws-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It was developed in response to confusion resulting from the landfall of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a>. NWS offices in <a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Mississippi" title="Jackson, Mississippi">Jackson</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans, Louisiana">New Orleans</a>/<a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge</a> issued 11 <a href="/wiki/Tornado_warning" title="Tornado warning">tornado warnings</a> for areas that would not experience an actual <a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">tornado</a>, but would experience extreme wind speeds commonly associated with tornadoes.<sup id="cite_ref-commerce_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-commerce-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The extreme wind warning is now expected to be used in these situations. </p><p>In 2017, the National Hurricane Center introduced a new system of warnings and watches for <a href="/wiki/Storm_surge" title="Storm surge">storm surge</a>, which would cover the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">Atlantic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Gulf Coast">Gulf Coasts</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. A storm surge watch would be issued when a life-threatening storm surge, associated with a potential or ongoing tropical, subtropical or post-tropical cyclone, is possible within the next 48 hours. These watches would be upgraded to storm surge warnings when there is a danger of life-threatening storm surge occurring within 36 hours. However, both watches and warnings may be issued earlier than specified if environmental conditions are expected to hamper preparations.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, a color coded alert system is used to keep the public informed when a tropical cyclone or possible tropical cyclones poses a threat to the nation. The scale starts with blue at the bottom being minimal danger, then proceeds to a green alert, which means low level danger. A yellow alert signifies moderate danger, followed by an orange alert that means high danger level. The scale tops off with a red alert, the maximum level of danger.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, terminology is fairly similar to that of the United States, but there are a few differences:<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Watches are issued 36 hours prior to a tropical cyclone making landfall.</li> <li>Warnings are issued 24 hours prior to the tropical cyclone making landfall.</li> <li>If sustained winds 70&#160;km/h and/or gusts 90&#160;km/h or stronger are predicted, a conventional wind warning will be issued along with the tropical cyclone watches and warnings.</li> <li>A storm surge warning may be issued if abnormally high water levels are predicted.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="West_Pacific_systems">West Pacific systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: West Pacific systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2015</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="China">China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A two-stage warning system was long-established in China for tropical cyclones of tropical storm intensity of above.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nowadays, the use of this system is restricted to coastal waters only. Thus, warnings may be discontinued even if a cyclone is maintaining tropical storm intensity inland. Color-coded alerts (below) may be in effect independently of any two-stage warnings. </p><p>Later, <a href="/wiki/China_Meteorological_Administration" title="China Meteorological Administration">China Meteorological Administration</a> standardized the system for national use.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> This set is part of a larger warning system that covers other forms of severe weather conditions, such as extreme temperature, torrential rainfall, drought, etc. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="2%">Level </th> <th width="20%">Name </th> <th width="15%">Sign </th> <th width="62%">Meaning </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#4682B4">IV </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Blue typhoon alert<br /><small>台风蓝色预警信号</small> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Blue_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/80px-Blue_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Blue_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/120px-Blue_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Blue_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/160px-Blue_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="246" /></a></span> </td> <td>Within 24 hours, it may or may have been affected by tropical cyclones. The average wind power on the coast or land is above 6, or the gust above 8 and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:rgb(255, 255, 0)">III </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Yellow typhoon alert<br /><small>台风黄色预警信号</small> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Yellow_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/80px-Yellow_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Yellow_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/120px-Yellow_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Yellow_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/160px-Yellow_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="246" /></a></span> </td> <td>Within 24 hours, it may or may have been affected by tropical cyclones. The average wind power on the coast or land is above 8, or the gust above 10 and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF9900">II </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Orange typhoon alert<br /><small>台风橙色预警信号</small> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orange_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Orange_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/80px-Orange_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Orange_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/120px-Orange_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Orange_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/160px-Orange_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="246" /></a></span> </td> <td>Within 12 hours, it may or may have been affected by tropical cyclones. The average wind power on the coast or land is above 10, or the gust above 12 and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:rgb(255, 0, 0)">I </td> <td style="text-align: center;">Red typhoon alert<br /><small>台风红色预警信号</small> </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Red_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/80px-Red_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Red_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/120px-Red_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Red_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg/160px-Red_typhoon_alert_-_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="246" /></a></span> </td> <td>Within 6 hours, it may or may have been affected by tropical cyclones. The average wind power on the coast or land is above 12, or the gust above 14 and may continue. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Guangdong">Guangdong</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Guangdong"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> continued to set up the <b>White typhoon alert</b> for typhoon, indicating that tropical cyclones may affect the area within 48 hours. In some inland areas that are less affected by tropical cyclones (such as <a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a>, etc.), there is no typhoon warning signal, but when it is hit by tropical cyclones, a strong wind warning signal will be issued. The winds represented by each color are consistent with the typhoon warning signal. </p><p>Typhoon warning signals used in <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a> from June 1, 1995, to November 1, 2000:<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Meaning </th></tr> <tr> <td>Windproof Info (Tropical Storm or Typhoon Info)</td> <td>indicates that a tropical storm or typhoon has entered the South China Sea (or has formed in the South China Sea) and is likely to move to the coastal areas of the province. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Windproof Warning (Tropical Storm and Typhoon Warning)</td> <td>Indicating that a tropical storm or typhoon warning enters the South China Sea, its route is moving in the direction of the Pearl River Estuary. If there is no change, it may land within 48 hours. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Windproof Special Alert (Tropical Storm or Typhoon Emergency Alert)</td> <td>Indicating that a tropical storm or typhoon hits the Pearl River Estuary within 24 hours, or landed in a coastal area within 150 kilometers of the Pearl River Estuary, which will have a serious impact on Guangzhou. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Disarming (Tropical Storm or Typhoon Disarming Alert)</td> <td>indicates that a tropical storm or typhoon has landed (or weakened to a low pressure). </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Typhoon warning signals used from November 1, 2000, to May 2006:<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="20%">Name </th> <th width="15%">Signal </th> <th width="65%">Meaning </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">White typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taf1.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Taf1.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="52" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="38" /></a></span> </td> <td>Tropical cyclones may affect the area within 48 hours. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Green typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taf2.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Taf2.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="52" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="38" /></a></span> </td> <td>Tropical cyclones will be within 24 hours or are affecting the area, with an average wind level of strong winds (6-7) (41-62&#160;km/h). </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Yellow typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kj3.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Kj3.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="52" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="38" /></a></span> </td> <td>Tropical cyclones will be within 12 hours or are affecting the area, with an average winds level of strong gale (8-9) (63-87&#160;km/h). </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Red typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ty4.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Ty4.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="52" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="38" /></a></span> </td> <td>Tropical cyclones will be within 12 hours or are affecting the area, with an average winds level of strong storm (10-11) (88-117&#160;km/h). </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Black typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jk5.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Jk5.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="52" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="58" data-file-height="38" /></a></span> </td> <td>Tropical cyclones will be within 12 hours or are affecting the area, with an average winds level of <a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">typhoon</a> (&gt;12). </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Typhoon warning signals used from June 1, 2006, to December 31, 2014:<sup id="cite_ref-szmb.gov.cn_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-szmb.gov.cn-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="20%">Name </th> <th width="15%">Signal </th> <th width="65%">Meaning </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">White typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Typhoon_1_white.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Typhoon_1_white.jpg/80px-Typhoon_1_white.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Typhoon_1_white.jpg/120px-Typhoon_1_white.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Typhoon_1_white.jpg/160px-Typhoon_1_white.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td>Tropical cyclones may affect the area within 48 hours. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Blue typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Typhoon_2_blue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Typhoon_2_blue.jpg/80px-Typhoon_2_blue.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Typhoon_2_blue.jpg/120px-Typhoon_2_blue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Typhoon_2_blue.jpg/160px-Typhoon_2_blue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="344" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 6, or gusts above 7; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 6–7, or gusts of 7–8, and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Yellow typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Typhoon_3_yellow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Typhoon_3_yellow.jpg/80px-Typhoon_3_yellow.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Typhoon_3_yellow.jpg/120px-Typhoon_3_yellow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Typhoon_3_yellow.jpg/160px-Typhoon_3_yellow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="344" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 8, or gusts above 9; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 8–9, or gusts of 9-10, and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Orange typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Typhoon_4_orange.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Typhoon_4_orange.jpg/80px-Typhoon_4_orange.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Typhoon_4_orange.jpg/120px-Typhoon_4_orange.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Typhoon_4_orange.jpg/160px-Typhoon_4_orange.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="344" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 12 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 10, or gusts above 11; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 10–11, or gusts of 11–12, and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Red typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Typhoon_5_red.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Typhoon_5_red.jpg/80px-Typhoon_5_red.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Typhoon_5_red.jpg/120px-Typhoon_5_red.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Typhoon_5_red.jpg/160px-Typhoon_5_red.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="344" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 6 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 12; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 12, and may continue. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Typhoon warning signals used since January 1, 2015:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="20%">Name </th> <th width="15%">Signal </th> <th width="65%">Meaning </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">White typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E7%99%BD%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号"><img alt="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E7%99%BD%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" decoding="async" width="90" height="72" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="72" /></a></span> </td> <td>Tropical cyclones may affect the area within 48 hours. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Blue typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E8%93%9D%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号"><img alt="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E8%93%9D%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" decoding="async" width="90" height="72" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="72" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 6, or gusts above 7; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 6–7, or gusts of 7–8, and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Yellow typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E9%BB%84%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号"><img alt="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E9%BB%84%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" decoding="async" width="90" height="72" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="72" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 24 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 8, or gusts above 9; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 8–9, or gusts of 9-10, and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Orange typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E6%A9%99%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号"><img alt="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E6%A9%99%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" decoding="async" width="90" height="72" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="72" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 12 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 10, or gusts above 11; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 10–11, or gusts of 11–12, and may continue. </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center;">Red typhoon alert </td> <td style="text-align: center;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E7%BA%A2%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号"><img alt="2015版广东省突发气象灾害预警信号之台风预警信号" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/2015%E7%89%88%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E7%BA%A2%E8%89%B2%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7.gif" decoding="async" width="90" height="72" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="72" /></a></span> </td> <td>It may be affected by tropical cyclones within 6 hours, the average wind power can reach above level 12; or it has been affected by tropical cyclones with an average wind power of 12, and may continue. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Shenzhen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Shenzhen" title="Shenzhen">Shenzhen</a> currently uses a different signal from Guangdong Province:<sup id="cite_ref-szmb.gov.cn_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-szmb.gov.cn-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Zhuhai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Zhuhai" title="Zhuhai">Zhuhai</a> adopts the signal style of Guangdong Province, but the meaning of the signal is different:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ball_signal">Ball signal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Ball signal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Shenzhen_and_Zhuhai">Shenzhen and Zhuhai</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Shenzhen and Zhuhai"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shenzhen and Zhuhai used digitally arranged typhoon signals from June 4, 1994, to November 1, 2000,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> but they have now been replaced by typhoon warning signals. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Ports">Ports</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Ports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The coastal ports of various cities in mainland China will still hang the squash signal when the typhoon hits.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The sign is roughly the same as the typhoon signal used in Shenzhen and Zhuhai.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hong_Kong_and_Macau">Hong Kong and Macau</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Hong Kong and Macau"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_tropical_cyclone_warning_signals" title="Hong Kong tropical cyclone warning signals">Hong Kong tropical cyclone warning signals</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pearl_River_Delta" title="Pearl River Delta">Pearl River Delta</a> uses a variety of warning systems to inform the public regarding the risks of tropical cyclones to the area. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Observatory" title="Hong Kong Observatory">Hong Kong Observatory</a> issues typhoon signals to indicate the existence and effects of a tropical cyclone on <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>. The first numeric warning system was used in 1917. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Macao_Meteorological_and_Geophysical_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau">Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau</a> in <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a> uses a similar system.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Hong Kong the typhoon signal system consists of 8 signals in 5 levels numbered non-consecutively for historical reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Each signal has a day signal and a night signal for hoisting, which are still hoisted in Macau but no longer hoisted in Hong Kong. Day signals are also used as signal symbols in both places. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Signal </th> <th>Symbol in Hong Kong </th> <th>Symbol in Macau </th> <th>Night Signal in Macau </th> <th>Note </th> <th>Wind speed </th> <th>Gust </th></tr> <tr> <td>No.1 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._01_Standby_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/No._01_Standby_Signal.png/60px-No._01_Standby_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/No._01_Standby_Signal.png/90px-No._01_Standby_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/No._01_Standby_Signal.png/120px-No._01_Standby_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_1_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td>(Standby) A tropical cyclone is centred within 800&#160;km of the territory. </td> <td>NA </td> <td>NA </td></tr> <tr> <td>No.3 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._03_Strong_Wind_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/No._03_Strong_Wind_Signal.png/60px-No._03_Strong_Wind_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/No._03_Strong_Wind_Signal.png/90px-No._03_Strong_Wind_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/No._03_Strong_Wind_Signal.png/120px-No._03_Strong_Wind_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_3_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td>A definite warning that a tropical cyclone is expected to come near enough to Hong Kong to cause strong winds in Hong Kong. It normally gives 12 hours warning of strong winds generally over Hong Kong at sea level, but in exposed areas, winds may become strong sooner. <p>Implication for citizens: Do not need to go to kindergartens, some places and events. </p> </td> <td>Strong wind with a sustained speed of 41–62&#160;km/h </td> <td>≥ 110&#160;km/h </td></tr> <tr> <td>No.8. NW </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._8_Northwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/No._8_Northwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/60px-No._8_Northwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/No._8_Northwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/90px-No._8_Northwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/No._8_Northwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/120px-No._8_Northwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td rowspan="4">Gale or storm force wind. <p>4 different symbols for different directions. </p><p>Implication for citizens: Usually no need to go to school or work for most people if hosted before a certain hours before official work hours; depends on official announcement &amp; employment contracts. </p> </td> <td rowspan="4">Sustained speed of 63–117&#160;km/h from the northwest, southwest, northeast, southeast quadrants respectively </td> <td rowspan="4">≥ 180&#160;km/h. </td></tr> <tr> <td>No.8. SW </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._8_Southwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/No._8_Southwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/60px-No._8_Southwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/No._8_Southwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/90px-No._8_Southwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/No._8_Southwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/120px-No._8_Southwest_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SW_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>No.8. NE </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._8_Northeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/No._8_Northeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/60px-No._8_Northeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/No._8_Northeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/90px-No._8_Northeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/No._8_Northeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/120px-No._8_Northeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_NE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>No.8. SE </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._8_Southeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/No._8_Southeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/60px-No._8_Southeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/No._8_Southeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/90px-No._8_Southeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/No._8_Southeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/120px-No._8_Southeast_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_8_SE_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>No. 9 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._09_Increasing_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/No._09_Increasing_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/60px-No._09_Increasing_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/No._09_Increasing_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/90px-No._09_Increasing_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/No._09_Increasing_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png/120px-No._09_Increasing_Gale_or_Storm_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_9_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td>(Hong Kong) Gale or storm force wind is increasing or expected to increase significantly in strength. / (Macau) The centre of a tropical cyclone is approaching and Macau is expected to be severely affected. </td> <td>It usually implies that wind speeds are expected to reach 88 to 117 kilometres per hour. </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>No. 10 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:No._10_Hurricane_Signal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/No._10_Hurricane_Signal.png/60px-No._10_Hurricane_Signal.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/No._10_Hurricane_Signal.png/90px-No._10_Hurricane_Signal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/No._10_Hurricane_Signal.png/120px-No._10_Hurricane_Signal.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/70px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/105px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png/140px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_na_dia.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/18px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/27px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png/36px-Aspecto_do_sinal_n%C2%BA_10_de_tempestade_tropical_de_Macau_em_noite.png 2x" data-file-width="115" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> </td> <td>Hurricane-force wind. <p>Implication for citizens: Do not need to go to work or school. Most public transportation stop. </p> </td> <td>Winds range upwards from 118 kilometres per hour. </td> <td>≥ 220&#160;km/h </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japan">Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Japan_Meteorological_Agency" title="Japan Meteorological Agency">Japan Meteorological Agency</a></div> <p>The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is the government agency responsible for gathering and providing results for the public in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation and research into <a href="/wiki/Natural_phenomenon" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural phenomenon">natural phenomena</a> in the fields of <a href="/wiki/Meteorology" title="Meteorology">meteorology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hydrology" title="Hydrology">hydrology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seismology" title="Seismology">seismology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volcanology" title="Volcanology">volcanology</a>, among other related scientific fields. Its headquarters is located in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>. </p><p>JMA is also designated one of the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Specialized_Meteorological_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Specialized Meteorological Center">Regional Specialized Meteorological Centers</a> (RSMC) of the <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a>. It has the responsibility for <a href="/wiki/Weather_forecasting" title="Weather forecasting">weather forecasting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_naming" title="Tropical cyclone naming">tropical cyclone naming</a> and distribution of warnings for <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclones</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Northwestern Pacific</a> region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philippines"><span class="anchor" id="Philippines"></span>Philippines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Philippines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Cyclone_Wind_Signals" title="Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals">Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals</a></div> <table class="toccolours floatright"> <caption><b><a href="/wiki/PAGASA" title="PAGASA">PAGASA</a>'s<br />Tropical&#160;Cyclone&#160;Wind&#160;Signals&#160;(TCWS)</b><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Warning Signal </th> <th>Meaning </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#00AAFF">TCWS #1 </th> <td style="padding:4px">winds of <i><b>39–61&#160;km/h (21–33&#160;kn; 24–38&#160;mph)</b></i><br />are prevailing or expected to occur <i><b>within 36 hours</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#FFF200">TCWS #2 </th> <td style="padding:4px">winds of <i><b>62–88&#160;km/h (33–48&#160;kn; 39–55&#160;mph)</b></i><br />are prevailing or expected to occur <i><b>within 24 hours</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#FFAA00">TCWS #3 </th> <td style="padding:4px">winds of <i><b>89–117&#160;km/h (48–63&#160;kn; 55–73&#160;mph)</b></i><br />are prevailing or expected to occur <i><b>within 18 hours</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#FF6060">TCWS #4 </th> <td style="padding:4px">winds of <i><b>118–184&#160;km/h (64–99&#160;kn; 73–114&#160;mph)</b></i><br />are prevailing or expected to occur <i><b>within 12 hours</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#F485F4">TCWS #5 </th> <td style="padding:4px">winds of <i><b>185&#160;km/h (100&#160;kn; 115&#160;mph)</b></i> or greater<br />are prevailing or expected to occur <i><b>within 12 hours</b></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/PAGASA" title="PAGASA">Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration</a> (PAGASA) releases tropical cyclone warnings in the form of Tropical Cyclone Wind Signals (TCWS, or "wind signals").<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Within this warning system, an area having a wind signal may be under: </p> <ul><li>TCWS #1 - Tropical cyclone winds of 39–61&#160;km/h are prevailing or expected within the next 36 hours.</li> <li>TCWS #2 - Tropical cyclone winds of 62–88&#160;km/h are prevailing or expected within the next 24 hours.</li> <li>TCWS #3 - Tropical cyclone winds of 89–117&#160;km/h are prevailing or expected within the next 18 hours.</li> <li>TCWS #4 - Tropical cyclone winds of 118–184&#160;km/h are prevailing or expected within 12 hours.</li> <li>TCWS #5 - Tropical cyclone winds of 185&#160;km/h or greater are prevailing or expected within 12 hours.</li></ul> <p>These wind signals are hoisted when an area (in the Philippines only) is about to be directly affected by tropical cyclone winds. Wind signals for specific areas can be escalated to higher signal levels (and the lead times shortened consequently) as a tropical cyclone gains strength and/or gets closer to the areas about to be affected. De-escalation and/or lifting of wind signals are implemented once a tropical cyclone weakens and/or gets farther away from the affected areas. The lead time is also only valid for the first issuance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vietnam">Vietnam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Vietnam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vietnam recognises its typhoon season from the beginning of June through to the end of November,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> with an average of four to six typhoons hitting the country annually.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Any tropical cyclones here are monitored by the <a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Hydro-Meteorological_Forecasting" title="National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting">National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting</a> (NCHMF), which is the nation's official meteorological agency and was established in January 2003. The NCHMF tracks a storm should it enter the agency's monitoring area range which is within the East Sea to the west of <a href="/wiki/120th_meridian_east" title="120th meridian east">120°E</a> and north of <a href="/wiki/5th_parallel_north" title="5th parallel north">5°N</a>. Any storm that enters this area is assigned a number, and is set according to its sequence of its occurrence – as for instance with Bão số 1 etc., which translates to "Storm no. 1". <i>Bão</i> comes from "暴', meaning ferocious, violent or vicious, but in vernacular Vietnamese has come to mean "storm". </p><p>In 2014, the Vietnamese government issued Decree no.44/2014, introduced five warning levels, but NCHMF only use three out of five levels to issue typhoon warnings: </p><p>- "Disaster Risk Alert - Level 3" (High Alert), decorated with orange </p><p>- "Disaster Risk Alert - Level 4" (Very High Alert), decorated with red </p><p>- "Disaster Risk Alert - Level 5" (Disaster Alert), decorated with pink </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="South_Pacific_basin"><span class="anchor" id="Australia_and_the_South_Pacific"></span> South Pacific basin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: South Pacific basin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Australian <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Meteorology" title="Bureau of Meteorology">Bureau of Meteorology</a> will issue a cyclone watch for a specified part of Australia, when a tropical cyclone is expected to cause gale-force winds in excess of 62&#160;km/h (40&#160;mph) within 24–48 hours and subsequently make landfall.<sup id="cite_ref-Advice_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Advice-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> A cyclone warning is subsequently issued for a specified part of Australia when a tropical cyclone, is expected to cause or is causing gale-force winds in excess of 62&#160;km/h (40&#160;mph) within 24 hours and is subsequently expected to make landfall.<sup id="cite_ref-Advice_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Advice-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Fiji_Meteorological_Service" title="Fiji Meteorological Service">Fiji Meteorological Service</a> <small>(FMS)</small> issues a tropical cyclone alert for the <a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a>, when a tropical cyclone has a significant probability of causing gale-force winds or stronger winds within 24–48 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPAC_TCOP-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Gale, storm and hurricane-force wind warnings are subsequently issued for the above areas by FMS, when a tropical cyclone is either causing or expected to cause either gale storm or hurricane-force winds within 24 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPAC_TCOP-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Météo-France is responsible for the issuance of tropical cyclone watches and warnings for <a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPAC_TCOP-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of the <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a>, New Zealand, <a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste" class="mw-redirect" title="Timor Leste">Timor Leste</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a> are responsible for their own watches and warnings.<sup id="cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPAC_TCOP-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Indian_Ocean_systems">Indian Ocean systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: Indian Ocean systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Indian_Meteorological_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Meteorological Department">Indian Meteorological Department</a> (IMD/RSMC New Delhi) is responsible for tracking tropical cyclones within the North Indian Ocean. <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o-France" title="Météo-France">Météo-France</a> in <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a> (MFR/RSMC La Reunion) is responsible for the issuing advisories and tracking of tropical cyclones in the southwest part of the basin, however, the naming of systems is deferred to the Mauritius and Madagascar weather services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:15em; float:right;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">Cyclone warning levels</th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#4DFFFF;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Indian_Ocean_systems">Cyclone watch</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#4DFFFF;"> <i>Cyclonic storm conditions possible within 72 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#FFFFD9;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Indian_Ocean_systems">Cyclone alert</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#FFFFD9;"> <i>Cyclonic storm conditions possible within 48 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#FF9E59;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Indian_Ocean_systems">Cyclone warning</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#FF9E59;"> <i>Cyclonic storm conditions expected within 24 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#A188FC;"> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Indian_Ocean_systems">Landfall outlook</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="background-color:#A188FC;"> <i>Cyclonic storm conditions expected within 12 hours.</i></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IMDWarnings" title="Template:IMDWarnings"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:IMDWarnings&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:IMDWarnings (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IMDWarnings" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IMDWarnings"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The IMD issues warnings in four stages for the Indian coast. </p> <ul><li>Stage 1: Cyclone watch - Issued 72 hours in advance, it discusses the likelihood of development of a cyclonic disturbance in the north Indian Ocean and the coastal region likely to experience adverse weather.</li> <li>Stage 2: Cyclone alert - Issued 48 hours in advance of the commencement of adverse weather over the coastal areas.</li> <li>Stage 3: Cyclone warning - Issued 24 hours in advance of the commencement of adverse weather over the coastal areas. The location of landfall is discussed at this stage.</li> <li>Stage 4: Landfall outlook - Issued 12 hours in advance of the commencement of adverse weather over the coastal areas. The track of the cyclone after the landfall and the possible impact inland is discussed at this stage.</li></ul> <p>Cyclonic storm conditions mean what winds in excess of 63&#160;km/h (39&#160;mph) are possible.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mauritius">Mauritius</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: Mauritius"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mauritius Meteorological Services is responsible for naming tropical systems in the South-West Indian Ocean between 55°E and 90°E. They issue four different levels of cyclone warnings for the islands of <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rodrigues" title="Rodrigues">Rodrigues</a>. </p> <ul><li>Class I cyclone warnings are issued 36 to 48 hours before the islands are affected by wind gusts of at least 120&#160;km/h (75&#160;mph).</li> <li>Class II cyclone warnings are issued when there are 12 hours of daylight left before gusts of 120&#160;km/h (75&#160;mph) affect the islands.</li> <li>Class III cyclone warnings are issued when there are 6 hours of daylight left before gusts of 120&#160;km/h (75&#160;mph) affect the islands.</li> <li>Class IV cyclone warnings are issued when gusts of at least 120&#160;km/h (75&#160;mph) are occurring in the islands.</li> <li>Safety Bulletin Issued for the purpose of: lifting the cyclone warning class III or cyclone warning class IV, as the case may be; and informing the public of the existence of any severe weather conditions associated with the cyclone and other environment risk, depending on the nature and extent of the damage occurred during the passage of the cyclone.</li> <li>Termination Issued when subsequent observations indicate that the risk of cyclonic gusts of 120 kilometres per hour has abated and the cyclone is moving away<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Réunion"><span id="R.C3.A9union"></span>Réunion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: Réunion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o-France" title="Météo-France">Météo-France</a> issues five levels of alerts for the French overseas department and region of <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Pre-alert/Yellow alert – issued when a tropical system may impact Réunion between 24 and 72 hours.</li> <li>Orange alert – issued when a tropical storm or cyclone may impact Réunion in the next 24 hours.</li> <li>Red alert – issued when a tropical storm or cyclone is impacting part or all of Réunion.</li> <li>Purple alert – issued when a major tropical cyclone with winds exceeding 200&#160;km/h (120&#160;mph) is impacting part or all of Réunion.</li> <li>Safeguard phase – issued when a tropical storm or cyclone is moving away from Réunion, but hazards relating to damage caused by the system, such as fallen trees, flooded roads, mudslides, and downed power lines, still remain.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_advisories">Military advisories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: Military advisories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="HURCON/TCCOR"><span id="HURCON.2FTCCOR"></span>HURCON/TCCOR</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section: HURCON/TCCOR"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/HURCON" title="HURCON">HURCON</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a> uses a multi-stage system called the Hurricane Condition (HURCON) in the North Atlantic and the Northeast Pacific and the Tropical Cyclone Condition of Readiness (TCCOR) in the western Pacific to prepare bases and evacuate assets and personnel in advance of adverse weather associated with tropical cyclones.<sup id="cite_ref-TCCOR_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCCOR-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The alerts are recommended by weather facilities either on base or by central sites like the <a href="/wiki/National_Hurricane_Center" title="National Hurricane Center">National Hurricane Center</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Typhoon_Warning_Center" title="Joint Typhoon Warning Center">Joint Typhoon Warning Center</a> and are generally related to the timing and potential for destructive sustained windspeeds of above 50&#160;kn (58&#160;mph; 93&#160;km/h).<sup id="cite_ref-TCCOR_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCCOR-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Recommendations are then considered by base or area commanders along with other subjective factors for setting the alert status like assets, holidays or the bases experience in emergency preparedness.<sup id="cite_ref-TCCOR_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCCOR-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The bases prefer to set these alerts sequentially, from HURCON or TCCOR 5 with destructive winds expected within 96 hours, through levels 4, 3, 2 and if needed to a series of four different level 1 conditions, however depending on the cyclone's movement or location some of these signals can be skipped.<sup id="cite_ref-TCCOR_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCCOR-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After a system passes and stops affecting the base, the authorities can decide to revert to the lowest level or stay in a heightened approach if another tropical cyclone is approaching.<sup id="cite_ref-TCCOR_37-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TCCOR-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/32px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/48px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG/64px-Cyclone_Catarina_from_the_ISS_on_March_26_2004.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3032" data-file-height="2004" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Tropical_cyclones" title="Portal:Tropical cyclones">Tropical cyclones portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gale_warning" title="Gale warning">Gale warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HURCON" title="HURCON">HURCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_weather_terminology_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Severe weather terminology (disambiguation)">Severe weather terminology (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_craft_advisory" title="Small craft advisory">Small craft advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_warning" title="Storm warning">Storm warning</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WMO_RSMC_list-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WMO_RSMC_list_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Program+%28TCP%29&amp;rft.atitle=Regional+Specialized+Meteorological+Center&amp;rft.date=2006-04-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsevere.worldweather.wmo.int%2Frsmcs.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiji_Meteorological_Service2017" class="citation web cs1">Fiji Meteorological Service (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.met.gov.fj/services.php">"Services"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170618023828/http://www.met.gov.fj/services.php">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-06-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-06-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Services&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.au=Fiji+Meteorological+Service&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.met.gov.fj%2Fservices.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoint_Typhoon_Warning_Center2017" class="citation web cs1">Joint Typhoon Warning Center (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170609092158/http://www.usno.navy.mil/JTWC/products-and-services-notice">"Products and Service Notice"</a>. United States Navy. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-06-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Products+and+Service+Notice&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Navy&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.au=Joint+Typhoon+Warning+Center&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usno.navy.mil%2FJTWC%2Fproducts-and-services-notice&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHCprod-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NHCprod_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Hurricane_Center2016" class="citation web cs1">National Hurricane Center (March 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/NHC_Product_Description.pdf">"National Hurricane Center Product Description Document: A User's Guide to Hurricane Products"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170617023135/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/NHC_Product_Description.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-06-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-06-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=National+Hurricane+Center+Product+Description+Document%3A+A+User%27s+Guide+to+Hurricane+Products&amp;rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&amp;rft.date=2016-03&amp;rft.au=National+Hurricane+Center&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Fpdf%2FNHC_Product_Description.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJapan_Meteorological_Agency2017" class="citation web cs1">Japan Meteorological Agency (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/advisory.html">"Notes on RSMC Tropical Cyclone Information"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170319230044/http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/advisory.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-06-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Notes+on+RSMC+Tropical+Cyclone+Information&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.au=Japan+Meteorological+Agency&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jma.go.jp%2Fjma%2Fjma-eng%2Fjma-center%2Frsmc-hp-pub-eg%2Fadvisory.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WMO_TCOP-H-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WMO_TCOP-H_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRA_IV_Hurricane_Committee2013" class="citation report cs1">RA IV Hurricane Committee (May 30, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/documents/OPERATIONALPLAN2013_en.pdf">Hurricane Operational Plan</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Technical Document). World Meteorological Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131115014336/http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/tcp/documents/OPERATIONALPLAN2013_en.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on November 15, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=report&amp;rft.btitle=Hurricane+Operational+Plan&amp;rft.pub=World+Meteorological+Organization&amp;rft.date=2013-05-30&amp;rft.au=RA+IV+Hurricane+Committee&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wmo.int%2Fpages%2Fprog%2Fwww%2Ftcp%2Fdocuments%2FOPERATIONALPLAN2013_en.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHC_Glossary-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHC_Glossary_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutgloss.shtml">"Glossary of NHC Terms"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=report&amp;rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Products&amp;rft.pages=4-9%2C+56&amp;rft.pub=United+States+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration%27s+National+Weather+Service&amp;rft.date=2013-06-11&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nws.noaa.gov%2Fdirectives%2Fsym%2Fpd01006001curr.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nws-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nws_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nws_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Weather_Service" class="citation web cs1">National Weather Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://products.weather.gov/PDD/EWW.pdf">"Product Description Document: Extreme Wind Warning (EWW)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100527115508/http://products.weather.gov/PDD/EWW.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2010-05-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Product+Description+Document%3A+Extreme+Wind+Warning+%28EWW%29&amp;rft.au=National+Weather+Service&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fproducts.weather.gov%2FPDD%2FEWW.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-commerce-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-commerce_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFU.S._Department_of_Commerce" class="citation web cs1">U.S. Department of Commerce. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070711190738/http://www.weather.gov/os/assessments/pdfs/Katrina.pdf">"Service Assessment. Hurricane Katrina: August 23–31, 2005"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.weather.gov/os/assessments/pdfs/Katrina.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2007-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Service+Assessment.+Hurricane+Katrina%3A+August+23%E2%80%9331%2C+2005&amp;rft.au=U.S.+Department+of+Commerce&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weather.gov%2Fos%2Fassessments%2Fpdfs%2FKatrina.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/news/20170123_pa_SSWW.pdf">Storm surge watch &amp; warning to become operational in 2017</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. January 23, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202031747/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/news/20170123_pa_SSWW.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on February 2, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=report&amp;rft.btitle=Storm+surge+watch+%26+warning+to+become+operational+in+2017&amp;rft.pub=United+States+National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration%27s+National+Weather+Service&amp;rft.date=2017-01-23&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhc.noaa.gov%2Fnews%2F20170123_pa_SSWW.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royalsunset.com/be-prepared-for-hurricane-season-in-cancun/">"Be Prepared for Hurricane Season in Cancun"</a>. <i>Royal Sunset</i>. October 22, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160818064937/http://www.royalsunset.com/be-prepared-for-hurricane-season-in-cancun/">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Royal+Sunset&amp;rft.atitle=Be+Prepared+for+Hurricane+Season+in+Cancun&amp;rft.date=2013-10-22&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.royalsunset.com%2Fbe-prepared-for-hurricane-season-in-cancun%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/types-weather-forecasts-use/public/criteria-alerts.html">"Criteria for public weather alerts"</a>. 26 July 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180725184019/https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/types-weather-forecasts-use/public/criteria-alerts.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Criteria+for+public+weather+alerts&amp;rft.date=2010-07-26&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.ca%2Fen%2Fenvironment-climate-change%2Fservices%2Ftypes-weather-forecasts-use%2Fpublic%2Fcriteria-alerts.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.typhoon.gov.cn/zhishi4.php">Typhoon.gov.cn</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060830215513/http://www.typhoon.gov.cn/zhishi4.php">Archived</a> August 30, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cma.gov.cn/cma_new/qxzt/typhoon/tfzs/t20060713_140077.phtml">CMA.gov.cn</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060822041804/http://www.cma.gov.cn/cma_new/qxzt/typhoon/tfzs/t20060713_140077.phtml">Archived</a> August 22, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinacourt.org/law/detail/1995/06/id/66728.shtml">"广州市防风工作方案"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915155144/https://www.chinacourt.org/law/detail/1995/06/id/66728.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%B9%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E9%98%B2%E9%A3%8E%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinacourt.org%2Flaw%2Fdetail%2F1995%2F06%2Fid%2F66728.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinacourt.org/law/detail/2000/09/id/65905.shtml">"广东省台风、暴雨、寒冷预警信号发布规定"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915155233/https://www.chinacourt.org/law/detail/2000/09/id/65905.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-09-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%B9%BF%E4%B8%9C%E7%9C%81%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E3%80%81%E6%9A%B4%E9%9B%A8%E3%80%81%E5%AF%92%E5%86%B7%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%8F%91%E5%B8%83%E8%A7%84%E5%AE%9A&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinacourt.org%2Flaw%2Fdetail%2F2000%2F09%2Fid%2F65905.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-szmb.gov.cn-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-szmb.gov.cn_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-szmb.gov.cn_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100824193222/http://www.szmb.gov.cn/article/ZaiHaiYuJing/YuJingXinHaoFaBuGuiDing/2009/09/09/4aa76fa6cb971.html">"台风预警信号 - 深圳市气象局"</a>. <i>szmb.gov.cn</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.szmb.gov.cn/article/ZaiHaiYuJing/YuJingXinHaoFaBuGuiDing/2009/09/09/4aa76fa6cb971.html">the original</a> on 2010-08-24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=szmb.gov.cn&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E9%A2%84%E8%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7+-+%E6%B7%B1%E5%9C%B3%E5%B8%82%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.szmb.gov.cn%2Farticle%2FZaiHaiYuJing%2FYuJingXinHaoFaBuGuiDing%2F2009%2F09%2F09%2F4aa76fa6cb971.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141231134843/http://www.dg121.com/upload/news/staticFile/2014122215411149823_1.htm">"存档副本"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dg121.com/upload/news/staticFile/2014122215411149823_1.htm">the original</a> on 2014-12-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-12-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dg121.com%2Fupload%2Fnews%2FstaticFile%2F2014122215411149823_1.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150216005210/http://szmb.gov.cn/article/ZhuanTi/fangzaizhiyin/index.html">"深圳市台风暴雨灾害公众防御指引(试行)"</a>. <i>szmb.gov.cn</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.szmb.gov.cn/article/ZhuanTi/fangzaizhiyin/index.html">the original</a> on 2015-02-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=szmb.gov.cn&amp;rft.atitle=%E6%B7%B1%E5%9C%B3%E5%B8%82%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4%E9%9B%A8%E7%81%BE%E5%AE%B3%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%97%E9%98%B2%E5%BE%A1%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95%EF%BC%88%E8%AF%95%E8%A1%8C%EF%BC%89&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.szmb.gov.cn%2Farticle%2FZhuanTi%2Ffangzaizhiyin%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141231142050/http://www.zhmb.gov.cn/main_pages/open.jsp?id=64&amp;type=4">"珠海气象局"</a>. <i>zhmb.gov.cn</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zhmb.gov.cn/main_pages/open.jsp?id=64&amp;type=4">the original</a> on 2014-12-31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=zhmb.gov.cn&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%8F%A0%E6%B5%B7%E6%B0%94%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zhmb.gov.cn%2Fmain_pages%2Fopen.jsp%3Fid%3D64%26type%3D4&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinacourt.org/law/detail/1994/06/id/67600.shtml">"深圳经济特区防洪防风规定"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201127141818/https://www.chinacourt.org/law/detail/1994/06/id/67600.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-11-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E6%B7%B1%E5%9C%B3%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E7%89%B9%E5%8C%BA%E9%98%B2%E6%B4%AA%E9%98%B2%E9%A3%8E%E8%A7%84%E5%AE%9A&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinacourt.org%2Flaw%2Fdetail%2F1994%2F06%2Fid%2F67600.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180919122047/http://www.tqyb.com.cn/gz/weatherAlarm/winball/">"廣州市氣象台风球信号说明"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tqyb.com.cn/gz/weatherAlarm/winball/">the original</a> on 2018-09-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%BB%A3%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82%E6%B0%A3%E8%B1%A1%E5%8F%B0%E9%A3%8E%E7%90%83%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E8%AF%B4%E6%98%8E&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tqyb.com.cn%2Fgz%2FweatherAlarm%2Fwinball%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_rCNkpGzGqY&amp;t"><span class="plainlinks">1997年颱風維克托風暴消息(6/10) - 考慮改掛十號風球</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smg.gov.mo/smg/severeWeather/e_typhoon_def.htm">"Meaning of Tropical Cyclone Signals and the relevant recommended safety precautions"</a>. Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170619063646/http://www.smg.gov.mo/smg/severeWeather/e_typhoon_def.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Meaning+of+Tropical+Cyclone+Signals+and+the+relevant+recommended+safety+precautions&amp;rft.pub=Macao+Meteorological+and+Geophysical+Bureau&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smg.gov.mo%2Fsmg%2FsevereWeather%2Fe_typhoon_def.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_YK_Leung_and_WH_Lui2012" class="citation web cs1">John YK Leung and WH Lui (9 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/blog/en/archives/00000126.htm">"Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal No.5 in the Past"</a>. Hong Kong Observatory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170902100747/http://www.hko.gov.hk/blog/en/archives/00000126.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Warning+Signal+No.5+in+the+Past&amp;rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Observatory&amp;rft.date=2012-08-09&amp;rft.au=John+YK+Leung+and+WH+Lui&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hko.gov.hk%2Fblog%2Fen%2Farchives%2F00000126.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hko.gov.hk/informtc/tcsignal_history.htm">"History of the Hong Kong Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals"</a>. Hong Kong Observatory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170419185924/http://www.hko.gov.hk/informtc/tcsignal_history.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=History+of+the+Hong+Kong+Tropical+Cyclone+Warning+Signals&amp;rft.pub=Hong+Kong+Observatory&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hko.gov.hk%2Finformtc%2Ftcsignal_history.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learning-tools/tropical-cyclone-wind-signal">"Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal"</a>. Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. March 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Wind+Signal&amp;rft.pub=Philippine+Atmospheric%2C+Geophysical+and+Astronomical+Services+Administration&amp;rft.date=2022-03-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph%2Flearning-tools%2Ftropical-cyclone-wind-signal&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilippine_Atmospheric,_Geophysical_and_Astronomical_Services_Administration_(PAGASA)2022" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/PAGASA" title="PAGASA">Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration</a> (PAGASA) (March 23, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learning-tools/tropical-cyclone-wind-signal">"Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal"</a>. PAGASA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220823130838/https://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/learning-tools/tropical-cyclone-wind-signal">Archived</a> from the original on August 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Wind+Signal&amp;rft.pub=PAGASA&amp;rft.date=2022-03-23&amp;rft.au=Philippine+Atmospheric%2C+Geophysical+and+Astronomical+Services+Administration+%28PAGASA%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph%2Flearning-tools%2Ftropical-cyclone-wind-signal&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vn.usembassy.gov/typhoon-and-tropical-cyclone-seasons-in-vietnam">"Typhoon and Tropical Cyclone Seasons in Vietnam"</a>. U.S. Embassy &amp; Consulate in Vietnam. 29 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201022232439/https://vn.usembassy.gov/typhoon-and-tropical-cyclone-seasons-in-vietnam/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Typhoon+and+Tropical+Cyclone+Seasons+in+Vietnam&amp;rft.date=2019-10-29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvn.usembassy.gov%2Ftyphoon-and-tropical-cyclone-seasons-in-vietnam&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vietnam-briefing.com/news/typhoon-season-vietnam-how-to-prepare-your-business.html/">"Typhoon Season in Vietnam: How to Prepare Your Business"</a>. Vietnam Briefing. 15 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211216070109/https://www.vietnam-briefing.com/news/typhoon-season-vietnam-how-to-prepare-your-business.html/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Typhoon+Season+in+Vietnam%3A+How+to+Prepare+Your+Business&amp;rft.pub=Vietnam+Briefing&amp;rft.date=2021-09-15&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vietnam-briefing.com%2Fnews%2Ftyphoon-season-vietnam-how-to-prepare-your-business.html%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Advice-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Advice_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Advice_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/about/warnings/advice.shtml">"Tropical Cyclone Warning Advice"</a>. Australian Bureau of Meteorology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131215174026/http://www.bom.gov.au/cyclone/about/warnings/advice.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Warning+Advice&amp;rft.pub=Australian+Bureau+of+Meteorology&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bom.gov.au%2Fcyclone%2Fabout%2Fwarnings%2Fadvice.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SPAC_TCOP-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPAC_TCOP_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRA_V_Tropical_Cyclone_Committee2024" class="citation report cs1">RA V Tropical Cyclone Committee (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.wmo.int/tropical-cyclone-operational-plans">Tropical Cyclone Operational Plan for the South-East Indian Ocean and the Southern Pacific Ocean 2024</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). 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India Meteorological Department. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160915051847/http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;id=24&amp;Itemid=170&amp;lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Four+Stage+Warning&amp;rft.pub=India+Meteorological+Department&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D24%26Itemid%3D170%26lang%3Den&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://metservice.intnet.mu/tropical-cyclone/warning-system.php">"Warning System"</a>. Mauritius Meteorological Services. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140728063913/http://metservice.intnet.mu/tropical-cyclone/warning-system.php">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Warning+System&amp;rft.pub=Mauritius+Meteorological+Services&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmetservice.intnet.mu%2Ftropical-cyclone%2Fwarning-system.php&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteofrance.re/documents/3714872/14885398/Risque+cyclonique+La+R%C3%A9union">"Le risque cyclonique à La Réunion"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Météo-France La Réunion. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211121151052/http://www.meteofrance.re/documents/3714872/14885398/Risque+cyclonique+La+R%C3%A9union">Archived</a> from the original on 21 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Le+risque+cyclonique+%C3%A0+La+R%C3%A9union&amp;rft.pub=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o-France+La+R%C3%A9union&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteofrance.re%2Fdocuments%2F3714872%2F14885398%2FRisque%2Bcyclonique%2BLa%2BR%25C3%25A9union&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TCCOR-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TCCOR_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TCCOR_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TCCOR_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TCCOR_37-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TCCOR_37-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSampson,_Charles_RSchumacher,_Andrea_BKnaff,_John_ADeMaria,_Mark2012" class="citation journal cs1">Sampson, Charles R; Schumacher, Andrea B; Knaff, John A; DeMaria, Mark; Fukada, Edward M; Sisko, Chris A; Roberts, David P; Winters, Katherine A; Wilson, Harold M (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2FWAF-D-12-00008.1">"Objective Guidance for Use in Setting Tropical Cyclone Conditions of Readiness"</a>. <i>Weather and Forecasting</i>. <b>27</b> (4): 1052–1060. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012WtFor..27.1052S">2012WtFor..27.1052S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2FWAF-D-12-00008.1">10.1175/WAF-D-12-00008.1</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Weather+and+Forecasting&amp;rft.atitle=Objective+Guidance+for+Use+in+Setting+Tropical+Cyclone+Conditions+of+Readiness&amp;rft.volume=27&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=1052-1060&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1175%2FWAF-D-12-00008.1&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2012WtFor..27.1052S&amp;rft.au=Sampson%2C+Charles+R&amp;rft.au=Schumacher%2C+Andrea+B&amp;rft.au=Knaff%2C+John+A&amp;rft.au=DeMaria%2C+Mark&amp;rft.au=Fukada%2C+Edward+M&amp;rft.au=Sisko%2C+Chris+A&amp;rft.au=Roberts%2C+David+P&amp;rft.au=Winters%2C+Katherine+A&amp;rft.au=Wilson%2C+Harold+M&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1175%252FWAF-D-12-00008.1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleet_Weather_Center2013" class="citation web cs1">Fleet Weather Center (February 8, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/fwc-n/RSS/pdf/TC_QRG_2013.pdf">"Tropical Cyclone Quick Reference Guide 2013"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. United States Navy. p.&#160;2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130221115422/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/fwc-n/RSS/pdf/TC_QRG_2013.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on February 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Tropical+Cyclone+Quick+Reference+Guide+2013&amp;rft.pages=2&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Navy&amp;rft.date=2013-02-08&amp;rft.au=Fleet+Weather+Center&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usno.navy.mil%2FNOOC%2Ffwc-n%2FRSS%2Fpdf%2FTC_QRG_2013.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATropical+cyclone+warnings+and+watches" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_cyclone_warnings_and_watches&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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/>storms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Severe_thunderstorm" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe thunderstorm">Thunderstorm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Significant_weather_advisory" title="Significant weather advisory">Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_thunderstorm_watch" title="Severe thunderstorm watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particularly_dangerous_situation" title="Particularly dangerous situation">PDS watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_thunderstorm_warning" title="Severe thunderstorm warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Tornado" title="Tornado">Tornado</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tornado_watch" title="Tornado watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particularly_dangerous_situation" title="Particularly dangerous situation">PDS watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tornado_warning" title="Tornado warning">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particularly_dangerous_situation" title="Particularly dangerous situation">PDS warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tornado_emergency" title="Tornado emergency">Emergency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Marine thunderstorm</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_marine_warning" title="Special marine warning">Special marine warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Winter<br />weather</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Advisories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winter_weather_advisory" title="Winter weather advisory">Winter weather advisory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Winter_storm" title="Winter storm">Winter storm</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winter_storm_watch" title="Winter storm watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_storm_warning" title="Winter storm warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Blizzard" title="Blizzard">Blizzard/blowing snow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowing_snow_advisory" title="Blowing snow advisory">Blowing snow advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blizzard_watch" title="Blizzard watch">Blizzard watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blizzard_warning" title="Blizzard warning">Blizzard warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Heavy snow</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_snow_warning" title="Heavy snow warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Lake-effect_snow" title="Lake-effect snow">Lake-effect snow</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lake_effect_snow_advisory" title="Lake effect snow advisory">Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_effect_snow_watch" title="Lake effect snow watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_effect_snow_warning" title="Lake effect snow warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Snow_squall" title="Snow squall">Snow squall</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snow_squall_warning" title="Snow squall warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Ice_storm" title="Ice storm">Ice</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freezing_rain_advisory" title="Freezing rain advisory">Freezing rain advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_storm_warning" title="Ice storm warning">Ice storm warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Avalanche" title="Avalanche">Avalanche</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avalanche_warning&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Avalanche warning (page does not exist)">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avalanche_watch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Avalanche watch (page does not exist)">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avalanche_advisory&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Avalanche advisory (page does not exist)">Advisory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tropical<br />cyclones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Tropical_storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical storm">Tropical storms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_storm_watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical storm watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_storm_warning" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical storm warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Hurricane" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane">Hurricanes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_force_wind_warning" title="Hurricane force wind warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Typhoon" title="Typhoon">Typhoons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Typhoon_watch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Typhoon watch (page does not exist)">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhoon_warning" class="mw-redirect" title="Typhoon warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Cyclone" title="Cyclone">Cyclones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclone_watch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyclone watch (page does not exist)">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyclone_warning&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyclone warning (page does not exist)">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Storm_surge" title="Storm surge">Storm surge</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Storm_surge_watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Storm surge watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_surge_warning" class="mw-redirect" title="Storm surge warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_local_statement" title="Hurricane local statement">Hurricane local statement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_storm_local_statement&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropical storm local statement (page does not exist)">Tropical storm local statement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropical_depression_local_statement&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropical depression local statement (page does not exist)">Tropical depression local statement</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Flood" title="Flood">Flood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Flood" title="Flood">Flood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Flood_watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Flood watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flood_warning" title="Flood warning">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flood_advisory&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Flood advisory (page does not exist)">Advisory</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Flash_flood" title="Flash flood">Flash flood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flash_flood_watch" title="Flash flood watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particularly_dangerous_situation" title="Particularly dangerous situation">PDS watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_flood_warning" title="Flash flood warning">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_flood_warning" title="Flash flood warning">Emergency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Coastal_flood" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastal flood">Coastal flood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_flood_advisory" title="Coastal flood advisory">Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_flood_watch" title="Coastal flood watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_flood_warning" title="Coastal flood warning">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coastal_flood_statement&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Coastal flood statement (page does not exist)">Statement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Lakeshore flood</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Severe_weather_terminology_(United_States)#Coastal/lakeshore_hazards" title="Severe weather terminology (United States)">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_weather_terminology_(United_States)#Coastal/lakeshore_hazards" title="Severe weather terminology (United States)">Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_weather_terminology_(United_States)#Coastal/lakeshore_hazards" title="Severe weather terminology (United States)">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_weather_terminology_(United_States)#Coastal/lakeshore_hazards" title="Severe weather terminology (United States)">Statement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">River flood</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_flood_advisory" title="River flood advisory">Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_flood_watch" title="River flood watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_flood_warning" title="River flood warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Urban and small stream flood</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_and_small_stream_flood_advisory" title="Urban and small stream flood advisory">Advisory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Apparent_temperature" title="Apparent temperature">Apparent<br />temperature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Heat_index" title="Heat index">Heat index</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heat_advisory" title="Heat advisory">Heat advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excessive_heat_watch" title="Excessive heat watch">Excessive heat watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excessive_heat_warning" title="Excessive heat warning">Excessive heat warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Wind_chill" title="Wind chill">Wind chill</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wind_chill_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="Wind chill advisory">Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_chill_watch" title="Wind chill watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_chill_warning" title="Wind chill warning">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particularly_dangerous_situation" title="Particularly dangerous situation">PDS warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Extreme cold</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cold_warning" title="Extreme cold warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Freeze</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freeze_watch" title="Freeze watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freeze_warning" title="Freeze warning">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_freeze_warning" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard freeze warning">Hard freeze warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frost_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="Frost advisory">Frost advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hard_freeze_watch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hard freeze watch (page does not exist)">Hard freeze watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Maritime<br />and<br />coastal<br />weather</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Marine winds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_craft_advisory" title="Small craft advisory">Small craft advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brisk_wind_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="Brisk wind advisory">Brisk wind advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_wind_advisory" title="Lake wind advisory">Lake wind advisory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Gale" title="Gale">Gale</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gale_watch" title="Gale watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gale_warning" title="Gale warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Storm</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Storm_watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Storm watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storm_warning" title="Storm warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Hurricane-force wind</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_force_wind_warning" title="Hurricane force wind warning">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurricane_force_wind_watch" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane force wind watch">Watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Hazardous seas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hazardous_seas_watch" title="Hazardous seas watch">Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazardous_seas_warning" title="Hazardous seas warning">Warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Freezing spray</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freezing_spray_advisory" title="Freezing spray advisory">Freezing spray advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_freezing_spray_watch" title="Heavy freezing spray watch">Heavy freezing spray watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_freezing_spray_warning" title="Heavy freezing spray warning">Heavy freezing spray warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_weather_statement" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine weather statement">Marine weather statement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rip_current_statement" title="Rip current statement">Rip current statement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beach_hazards_statement&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Beach hazards statement (page does not exist)">Beach hazards statement</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">High surf</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/High_surf_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="High surf advisory">High surf advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_surf_warning" class="mw-redirect" title="High surf warning">High surf warning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_surf_watch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="High surf watch (page does not exist)">High surf watch</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Wind</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Advisory-force winds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wind_advisory" title="Wind advisory">Wind advisory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Gale" title="Gale">Gale</a>-force winds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_wind_watch" class="mw-redirect" title="High wind watch">High wind watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_wind_warning" class="mw-redirect" title="High wind warning">High wind warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Major hurricane-force winds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_wind_warning" title="Extreme wind warning">Extreme wind warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Particulates" title="Particulates">Airborne<br />particulates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em">Dust/sand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowing_dust_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="Blowing dust advisory">Blowing dust advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blowing_dust_warning&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Blowing dust warning (page does not exist)">Blowing dust warning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dust_advisory&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dust advisory (page does not exist)">Dust advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dust_storm_warning" title="Dust storm warning">Dust storm warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">Fog</a>/<a href="/wiki/Smoke" title="Smoke">Smoke</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dense_fog_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="Dense fog advisory">Dense fog advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dense_smoke_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="Dense smoke advisory">Dense smoke advisory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Volcanic_ash" title="Volcanic ash">Ash</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashfall_advisory" title="Ashfall advisory">Ashfall advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashfall_warning&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashfall warning (page does not exist)">Ashfall warning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Air_pollution" title="Air pollution">Air pollution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_stagnation_advisory" class="mw-redirect" title="Air stagnation advisory">Air stagnation advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_quality_alert&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Air quality alert (page does not exist)">Air quality alert</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Wildfire" title="Wildfire">Fire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_flag_warning" title="Red flag warning">Red flag warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_warning" title="Fire warning">Fire warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evacuation_immediate" title="Evacuation immediate">Evacuation immediate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fire_weather_watch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fire weather watch (page does not exist)">Fire weather watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Aviation_meteorology" class="mw-redirect" title="Aviation meteorology">Aviation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SIGMET" title="SIGMET">SIGMET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanic_Ash_Advisory_Center#Alerts" title="Volcanic Ash Advisory Center">Volcanic ash advisory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Weather scales<br />used by NWS</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaufort_scale" title="Beaufort scale">Beaufort</a> (wind)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Fujita_scale" title="Enhanced Fujita scale">Enhanced Fujita</a> (tornadoes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saffir%E2%80%93Simpson_scale" title="Saffir–Simpson scale">Saffir–Simpson scale</a> (tropical cyclones)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_weather_statement" title="Special weather statement">Special weather statement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Severe_weather_statement" class="mw-redirect" title="Severe weather statement">Severe weather statement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazardous_weather_outlook" title="Hazardous weather outlook">Hazardous weather outlook</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Tsunami</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Watch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsunami_warning_system" title="Tsunami warning system">Warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsunami_advisory" title="Tsunami advisory">Advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tsunami_information_statement&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tsunami information statement (page does not exist)">Information statement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6b7f745dd4‐dfbf9 Cached time: 20241125094624 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.672 seconds Real time usage: 0.828 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3494/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 180623/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1354/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 20/100 Expensive parser function count: 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