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vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Symbionese Liberation Army subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Symbionese_Liberation_Army-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kidnapping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kidnapping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Kidnapping </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kidnapping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bank_robbery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bank_robbery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Bank robbery </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bank_robbery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rescue_of_Harris" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rescue_of_Harris"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Rescue of Harris </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rescue_of_Harris-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fugitive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fugitive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Fugitive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fugitive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Involvement_in_later_SLA_crimes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Involvement_in_later_SLA_crimes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Involvement in later SLA crimes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Involvement_in_later_SLA_crimes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_consequences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_consequences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Legal consequences </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legal_consequences-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legal consequences subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legal_consequences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Brainwashing_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brainwashing_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Brainwashing claims </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brainwashing_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Trial </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Closing_arguments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Closing_arguments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Closing arguments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Closing_arguments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conviction_and_sentencing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conviction_and_sentencing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Conviction and sentencing </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conviction_and_sentencing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prison_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prison_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Prison life </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prison_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Prison life subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Prison_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commutation,_release,_and_pardon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commutation,_release,_and_pardon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Commutation, release, and pardon </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commutation,_release,_and_pardon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Life_after_release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_after_release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Life after release </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Life_after_release-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Life after release subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Life_after_release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Media_and_other_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_and_other_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Media and other activities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_and_other_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Films_about_Hearst's_SLA_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Films_about_Hearst's_SLA_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Films about Hearst's SLA period </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Films_about_Hearst's_SLA_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 In popular culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cited_texts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cited_texts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Cited texts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cited_texts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Patty Hearst</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" > 35 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="باتي هيرست – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="باتي هيرست" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="پتی هرست – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پتی هرست" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearstov%C3%A1" title="Patty Hearstová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Patty Hearstová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="پتی هرست – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پتی هرست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Hearst" title="Patricia Hearst – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Patricia Hearst" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%A8%ED%8B%B0_%ED%97%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="패티 허스트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="패티 허스트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1_%D5%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%A9" title="Պատրիսիա Հերսթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պատրիսիա Հերսթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Hearst" title="Patricia Hearst – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Patricia Hearst" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Campbell_Hearst" title="Patricia Campbell Hearst – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Patricia Campbell Hearst" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%98" title="פטי הרסט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פטי הרסט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89_%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="باتى هيرست – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="باتى هيرست" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Hearst" title="Patricia Hearst – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Patricia Hearst" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88" title="パトリシア・ハースト – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パトリシア・ハースト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82,_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Херст, Патрисия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Херст, Патрисия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Hearst" title="Patricia Hearst – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Patricia Hearst" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82" title="Пати Херст – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пати Херст" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patricia_Hearst" title="Patricia Hearst – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Patricia Hearst" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="Patty Hearst – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Patty Hearst" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82" title="Петті Герст – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Петті Герст" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%BE%E7%BF%A0%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="派翠西亞·赫斯特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="派翠西亞·赫斯特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q229556#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Patty_Hearst" title="View the content page [c]" 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searchaux" style="display:none">American kidnapping victim and actress (born 1954)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 1988 film, see <a href="/wiki/Patty_Hearst_(film)" title="Patty Hearst (film)">Patty Hearst (film)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Patricia Hearst</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Patti_Hearst1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Patti_Hearst1.jpg/220px-Patti_Hearst1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Patti_Hearst1.jpg/330px-Patti_Hearst1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Patti_Hearst1.jpg/440px-Patti_Hearst1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1260" data-file-height="1692" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Hearst in 1994</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Patricia Campbell Hearst</div> (1954-02-20) February 20, 1954 (age 70) <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Being kidnapped and indoctrinated by the <a href="/wiki/Symbionese_Liberation_Army" title="Symbionese Liberation Army">Symbionese Liberation Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Bernard Lee Shaw</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1979; died 2013)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2; including <a href="/wiki/Lydia_Hearst" title="Lydia Hearst">Lydia Hearst</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Apperson_Hearst" title="Randolph Apperson Hearst">Randolph Apperson Hearst</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hearst_family" title="Hearst family">Hearst family</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Patricia Campbell Hearst (born February 20, 1954) is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Hearst_family" title="Hearst family">Hearst family</a> and granddaughter of American publishing magnate <a href="/wiki/William_Randolph_Hearst" title="William Randolph Hearst">William Randolph Hearst</a>. She first became known for the events following her 1974 <a href="/wiki/Kidnapping" title="Kidnapping">kidnapping</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Symbionese_Liberation_Army" title="Symbionese Liberation Army">Symbionese Liberation Army</a>. She was found and arrested 19 months after being abducted, by which time she was a fugitive wanted for serious crimes committed with members of the group. She was held in custody, and there was speculation before trial that her family's resources would enable her to avoid time in prison. At her trial, the prosecution suggested that Hearst had joined the Symbionese Liberation Army of her own volition. However, she testified that she had been raped and threatened with death while held captive. In 1976, she was convicted for the crime of bank robbery and sentenced to 35 years in prison, later reduced to seven years. Her sentence was commuted by President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>, and she was later pardoned by President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life">edit</a>]</div> Hearst, who prefers to be called Patricia rather than Patty,<a href="#cite_note-cnn-profile-1">[1]</a> was born on February 20, 1954, in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, California,<a href="#cite_note-cnn-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> the third of five daughters of <a href="/wiki/Randolph_Apperson_Hearst" title="Randolph Apperson Hearst">Randolph Apperson Hearst</a> and Catherine Wood Campbell. She was raised primarily in <a href="/wiki/Hillsborough,_California" title="Hillsborough, California">Hillsborough</a> and attended the private <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Springs_Uplands_School" title="Crystal Springs Uplands School">Crystal Springs School for Girls</a> there, <a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Schools,_Atherton" title="Sacred Heart Schools, Atherton">Sacred Heart</a> in <a href="/wiki/Atherton,_California" title="Atherton, California">Atherton</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Catalina_School" title="Santa Catalina School">Santa Catalina School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Monterey,_California" title="Monterey, California">Monterey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> She attended <a href="/wiki/Menlo_College" title="Menlo College">Menlo College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Atherton,_California" title="Atherton, California">Atherton, California</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> before transferring to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>. Hearst's grandfather <a href="/wiki/William_Randolph_Hearst" title="William Randolph Hearst">William Randolph Hearst</a> created the largest newspaper, magazine, newsreel and film business in the world. Her great-grandmother was philanthropist <a href="/wiki/Phoebe_Hearst" title="Phoebe Hearst">Phoebe Hearst</a>. The family wielded immense political influence and had opposed organized labor, gold mine workers' interests, and <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> since before <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Hearst's father was among a number of heirs to the family fortune and did not control the Hearst interests. Her parents had not considered it necessary to take preventive measures to ensure their children's personal security. At the time of her abduction, Hearst was a <a href="/wiki/Sophomore_(education)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sophomore (education)">sophomore</a> at Berkeley studying art history. She lived with her fiancé Steven Weed in an apartment in Berkeley.<a href="#cite_note-cnn-profile-1">[1]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbionese_Liberation_Army">Symbionese Liberation Army</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Symbionese Liberation Army">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kidnapping">Kidnapping</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kidnapping">edit</a>]</div> On February 4, 1974, 19-year-old Hearst was kidnapped from her Berkeley apartment. A small <a href="/wiki/Urban_guerrilla_warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban guerrilla warfare">urban guerrilla</a> left-wing group called the <a href="/wiki/Symbionese_Liberation_Army" title="Symbionese Liberation Army">Symbionese Liberation Army</a> (SLA) claimed responsibility for the abduction.<a href="#cite_note-fbi-famous-7">[7]</a> Hearst's kidnapping was partly opportunistic, as she resided near the SLA hideout. According to testimony at trial, the group's main intention was to leverage the <a href="/wiki/Hearst_family" title="Hearst family">Hearst family</a>'s political influence to free SLA members Russ Little and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Remiro" title="Joe Remiro">Joe Remiro</a>, who had been arrested for the November 1973 murder of <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Foster" title="Marcus Foster">Marcus Foster</a>, superintendent of Oakland public schools.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] After the state refused to free the men, the SLA demanded that Hearst's family distribute $70 worth of food to every needy Californian, an operation that would cost an estimated $400 million. In response, Hearst's father obtained a loan and arranged the immediate donation of $2 million worth of food to the poor of the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area" title="San Francisco Bay Area">Bay Area</a> for one year in a project called People in Need. After the distribution descended into chaos, the SLA refused to release Hearst.<a href="#cite_note-Patrick_Mondout-8">[8]</a> According to Hearst's testimony at her 1976 trial, she was held for a week in a closet, blindfolded and with her hands tied. During this time, SLA founder Cinque (<a href="/wiki/Donald_DeFreeze" title="Donald DeFreeze">Donald DeFreeze</a>) repeatedly threatened her with death.<a href="#cite_note-law2.umkc.edu-9">[9]</a> She was allowed to leave the closet for meals, still blindfolded, and began to participate in the group's political discussions. She was given a flashlight for reading and SLA political tracts to memorize. Hearst was confined in the closet for weeks. She said, "DeFreeze told me that the war council had decided or was thinking about killing me or me staying with them, and that I better start thinking about that as a possibility. ... I accommodated my thoughts to coincide with theirs."<a href="#cite_note-law2.umkc.edu-9">[9]</a> In an April 1974 account, Hearst claimed that she had been offered the choice of being released or joining the SLA.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> When asked for her decision, Hearst elected to remain and fight with the SLA. The blindfold was removed, allowing her to see her captors for the first time. After this, she was given daily lessons on her duties, especially weapon drills. <a href="/wiki/Angela_Atwood" title="Angela Atwood">Angela Atwood</a> told Hearst that the others wanted Hearst to share in the sexual freedom among the unit. Hearst later claimed to have been raped by <a href="/wiki/Willie_Wolfe" title="Willie Wolfe">William "Willie" Wolfe</a> and DeFreeze.<a href="#cite_note-law2.umkc.edu-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-transcripts.cnn.com-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Documentary-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bank_robbery">Bank robbery</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bank robbery">edit</a>]</div> On April 3, 1974, two months after she had been abducted, Hearst announced on an audiotape released to the media that she had joined the SLA and adopted the name Tania,<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> a tribute to <a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a>'s comrade <a href="/wiki/Hayd%C3%A9e_Tamara_Bunke_Bider" class="mw-redirect" title="Haydée Tamara Bunke Bider">Haydée Tamara Bunke Bider</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Gale-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hearst-hibernia-yell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hearst-hibernia-yell.jpg/200px-Hearst-hibernia-yell.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hearst-hibernia-yell.jpg/300px-Hearst-hibernia-yell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Hearst-hibernia-yell.jpg/400px-Hearst-hibernia-yell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="932" /></a><figcaption>Hearst yelling commands at bank customers; DeFreeze in hat on the left<a href="#cite_note-Famous_Pictures_Magazine-17">[17]</a></figcaption></figure> On April 15, 1974, Hearst was recorded on surveillance video wielding an <a href="/wiki/M1_carbine" title="M1 carbine">M1 carbine</a> while robbing the <a href="/wiki/Sunset_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunset District">Sunset District</a> branch of the Hibernia Bank at 1450 Noriega Street in San Francisco.<a href="#cite_note-fbi-famous-7">[7]</a> Hearst, identified under her pseudonym of "Tania", yelled, "I'm Tania. Up, up, up against the wall, motherfuckers!"<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-upi.com-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fort_Scott_Tribune-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-archives.chicagotribune.com-21">[21]</a> Two men entered the bank while the robbery was occurring and were shot and wounded by the SLA.<a href="#cite_note-upi.com-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fort_Scott_Tribune-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-archives.chicagotribune.com-21">[21]</a> According to testimony at her trial, a witness thought that Hearst had been several paces behind the others when running to the getaway car.<a href="#cite_note-upi.com-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fort_Scott_Tribune-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-archives.chicagotribune.com-21">[21]</a> Attorney General <a href="/wiki/William_B._Saxbe" title="William B. Saxbe">William B. Saxbe</a> said that Hearst was a "common criminal" and "not a reluctant participant" in the bank robbery. <a href="/wiki/James_L._Browning_Jr." title="James L. Browning Jr.">James L. Browning Jr.</a> said that her participation in the robbery may have been voluntary, contrasting with an earlier comment in which he said that she might have been coerced into taking part. The FBI agent heading the investigation said that SLA members were photographed pointing guns at Hearst during the robbery.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> A grand jury indicted her in June 1974 for the robbery.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rescue_of_Harris">Rescue of Harris</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Rescue of Harris">edit</a>]</div> On May 16, 1974, the manager at Mel's Sporting Goods in <a href="/wiki/Inglewood,_California" title="Inglewood, California">Inglewood, California</a>, observed a minor theft by <a href="/wiki/William_Harris_(Symbionese_Liberation_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Harris (Symbionese Liberation Army)">William Harris</a>, who had been shopping with his wife <a href="/wiki/Emily_Harris" title="Emily Harris">Emily</a> while Hearst waited across the road in a van. The manager and an employee followed Harris out and confronted him. There was a scuffle and the manager restrained Harris, when a pistol fell out of Harris's waistband.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Los_Angeles_Times-26">[26]</a> Hearst discharged the entire magazine of an automatic carbine into the overhead storefront, causing the manager to dive behind a lightpost.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> He tried to shoot back, but Hearst began aiming closer.<a href="#cite_note-Los_Angeles_Times-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fugitive">Fugitive</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fugitive">edit</a>]</div> Hearst and the Harris couple hijacked two cars and abducted the owners. One was a young man who found Hearst so personable that he was reluctant to report the incident. He testified at the trial to her discussing the effectiveness of cyanide-tipped bullets and repeatedly asking if he was okay.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Police had surrounded the main base of the SLA in Los Angeles before these three returned, so they hid elsewhere. The six SLA members inside the hideout died. There was an hourslong gunfight with police, and two members were fatally shot; a fire broke out in the house, in which the remainder died, but DeFreeze first killed himself by gunshot. It was initially thought that Hearst had also died during this confrontation.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Warrants were issued for the arrest of Hearst and the Harrises for several <a href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/felony" class="extiw" title="mwod:felony">felonies</a>, including two counts of kidnapping.<a href="#cite_note-Documentary-13">[13]</a> Emily Harris went to a Berkeley rally to commemorate the deaths of <a href="/wiki/Angela_Atwood" title="Angela Atwood">Angela Atwood</a>, Soltysik, DeFreeze, and other founding members of the SLA who had died in Los Angeles during the police siege. Harris recognized Atwood's acquaintance <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Soliah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kathy Soliah">Kathy Soliah</a> among the radicals whom she had known from civil rights groups. Soliah introduced the three fugitives to <a href="/wiki/Jack_Scott_(sportswriter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Scott (sportswriter)">Jack Scott</a>, an athletics reformer and radical, and he agreed to provide them help and money.<a href="#cite_note-Guerrilla-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Involvement_in_later_SLA_crimes">Involvement in later SLA crimes</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Involvement in later SLA crimes">edit</a>]</div> Hearst helped make <a href="/wiki/Improvised_explosive_devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Improvised explosive devices">improvised explosive devices</a>. These were used in two unsuccessful attempts to kill police officers during August 1975; one of the devices failed to detonate.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Marked money found in the apartment when she was arrested linked Hearst to the SLA armed robbery of <a href="/wiki/Crocker_National_Bank" title="Crocker National Bank">Crocker National Bank</a> in <a href="/wiki/Carmichael,_California" title="Carmichael, California">Carmichael, California</a>; she was the getaway car driver for the robbery. Myrna Opsahl, a mother of four who was at the bank making a deposit, was shot dead by a masked <a href="/wiki/Emily_Harris" title="Emily Harris">Emily Harris</a>. Hearst was potentially at risk for felony murder charges and could testify as a witness against Harris for a capital offense.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_consequences">Legal consequences</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Legal consequences">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PattyHearstmug.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PattyHearstmug.jpg/220px-PattyHearstmug.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PattyHearstmug.jpg/330px-PattyHearstmug.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/PattyHearstmug.jpg/440px-PattyHearstmug.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Hearst's 1975 mugshot</figcaption></figure> On September 18, 1975, Hearst was arrested in a San Francisco apartment with <a href="/wiki/Wendy_Yoshimura" title="Wendy Yoshimura">Wendy Yoshimura</a>, another SLA member, by <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Police_Department" title="San Francisco Police Department">San Francisco Police</a> Inspector Timothy F. Casey and his partner, Police Officer Laurence R. Pasero, and <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> Special Agent Thomas J. Padden and his partners, FBI agents Jason Moulton, Frank Doyle, Jr., Larry Lawler, Monte Hall, Dick Vitamonte, Leo Brenneissen, and Ray Campos.<a href="#cite_note-fbi-famous-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-Taylor-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nolte-39">[39]</a> While being booked into jail, Hearst listed her occupation as "Urban Guerilla". She asked her attorney to relay the following message: "Tell everybody that I'm smiling, that I feel free and strong and I send my greetings and love to all the sisters and brothers out there."<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEToobin2016156-41">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brainwashing_claims">Brainwashing claims</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Brainwashing claims">edit</a>]</div> At the time of her arrest, Hearst's weight had dropped to 87 pounds (40 kg), and she was described by psychologist <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Singer" title="Margaret Singer">Margaret Singer</a> in October 1975 as "a low-<a href="/wiki/Intelligence_quotient" title="Intelligence quotient">IQ</a>, low-<a href="/wiki/Affect_(psychology)" title="Affect (psychology)">affect</a> zombie".<a href="#cite_note-William_Graebner-42">[42]</a> Shortly after her arrest, doctors recorded signs of trauma: her IQ was measured as 112, whereas it had previously been 130; there were huge gaps in her memory regarding her pre-Tania life; she was smoking heavily and had nightmares.<a href="#cite_note-Orth-43">[43]</a> Without a mental illness or defect, a person is considered to be fully responsible for any criminal action not done under duress, which is defined as a clear and present threat of death or serious injury.<a href="#cite_note-Patty_Hearst_Trial_1976-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> For Hearst to secure an acquittal on the grounds of having been <a href="/wiki/Brainwashing" title="Brainwashing">brainwashed</a> would have been completely unprecedented.<a href="#cite_note-Blame_p65-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/Louis_Jolyon_West" title="Louis Jolyon West">Louis Jolyon West</a>, a professor at <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a> (UCLA), was appointed by the court in his capacity as a brainwashing expert and worked without a fee. After the trial, he wrote a newspaper article asking <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">President Carter</a> to release Hearst from prison.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> Hearst wrote in her memoir, Every Secret Thing (1982), "I spent fifteen hours going over my SLA experiences with <a href="/wiki/Robert_Jay_Lifton" title="Robert Jay Lifton">Robert Jay Lifton</a> of Yale University. Lifton, author of several books on coercive persuasion and thought reform, [...] pronounced me a 'classic case' which met all the psychological criteria of a coerced prisoner of war. [...] If I had reacted differently, that would have been suspect, he said."<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> After some weeks in custody, Hearst repudiated her SLA allegiance.<a href="#cite_note-transcripts.cnn.com-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> Her first lawyer, <a href="/wiki/Terence_Hallinan" title="Terence Hallinan">Terence Hallinan</a>, had advised Hearst not to talk to anyone, including psychiatrists. He advocated a defense of involuntary intoxication: that the SLA had given her drugs that affected her judgment and recollection.<a href="#cite_note-Documentary-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Blame_p65-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-William_Graebner-42">[42]</a> He was replaced by attorney <a href="/wiki/F._Lee_Bailey" title="F. Lee Bailey">F. Lee Bailey</a>, who asserted a defense of coercion or duress affecting intent at the time of the offense.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> This was similar to the <a href="/wiki/Brainwashing_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Brainwashing defense">brainwashing defense</a> which Hallinan had warned was not a defense in law. Hearst gave long interviews to various psychiatrists.<a href="#cite_note-Patty_Hearst_Trial_1976-44">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trial">Trial</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Trial">edit</a>]</div> Hearst alone was arraigned for the <a href="/wiki/Hibernia_Bank_Building_(San_Francisco)" title="Hibernia Bank Building (San Francisco)">Hibernia Bank</a> robbery; the trial commenced on January 15, 1976. Judge <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Jesse_Carter" title="Oliver Jesse Carter">Oliver Jesse Carter</a> ruled that Hearst's taped and written statements after the bank robbery, while she was a fugitive with the SLA members, were voluntary. He did not allow expert testimony that stylistic analysis indicated the "Tania" statements and writing were not wholly composed by Hearst. He permitted the prosecution to introduce statements and actions Hearst made long after the Hibernia robbery, as evidence of her state of mind at the time of the robbery. Judge Carter also allowed into evidence a recording made by jail authorities of a friend's jail visit with Hearst, in which Hearst used profanities and spoke of her radical and feminist beliefs, but he did not allow tapes of psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/Louis_Jolyon_West" title="Louis Jolyon West">Louis Jolyon West</a>'s interviews of Hearst to be heard by the jury. Judge Carter was described as "resting his eyes" during testimony favorable to the defense by West and others.<a href="#cite_note-Patty_Hearst_Trial_1976-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> According to Hearst's testimony, her captors had demanded she appear enthusiastic during the robbery and warned she would pay with her life for any mistake.<a href="#cite_note-Twinkie_Murders_p._21-54">[54]</a> Her defense lawyer <a href="/wiki/F._Lee_Bailey" title="F. Lee Bailey">F. Lee Bailey</a> provided photographs showing that SLA members, including <a href="/wiki/Camilla_Hall" title="Camilla Hall">Camilla Hall</a>, had pointed guns at Hearst during the robbery.<a href="#cite_note-Twinkie_Murders_p._21-54">[54]</a> In reference to the shooting at Mel's Sporting Goods Store and her decision to not escape, Hearst testified that she was instructed throughout her captivity on what to do in an emergency. She said one class in particular had a situation similar to the store manager's detention of the Harrises. Hearst testified that "when it happened I didn't even think. I just did it, and if I had not done it and if they had been able to get away they would have killed me."<a href="#cite_note-law2.umkc.edu-9">[9]</a> Testifying for the prosecution, Dr. <a href="/wiki/Harry_Kozol" title="Harry Kozol">Harry Kozol</a> said Hearst had been "a rebel in search of a cause", and her participation in the Hibernia robbery had been "an act of free will."<a href="#cite_note-Carey-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wilkinson-56">[56]</a> Prosecutor <a href="/wiki/James_L._Browning_Jr." title="James L. Browning Jr.">James L. Browning Jr.</a> asked the other psychiatrist testifying for the prosecution, Dr. Joel Fort, if Hearst was in fear of death or great bodily injury during the robbery, to which he answered, "No". Bailey angrily objected.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Fort assessed Hearst as amoral, and said she had voluntarily had sex with Wolfe and DeFreeze, which Hearst denied both in court and outside.<a href="#cite_note-Patty_Hearst_Trial_1976-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-Montreal_Gazette_1977-59">[59]</a> Prosecutor Browning tried to show that writings by Hearst indicated her testimony had misrepresented her interactions with Wolfe. She said she had been writing the SLA version of events, and had been punched in the face by William Harris when she refused to be more effusive about what she regarded as sexual abuse by Wolfe. Judge Carter allowed testimony from the prosecution psychiatrists about Hearst's early sexual experiences, although these had occurred years before her kidnapping and the bank robbery.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> In court, Hearst made a poor impression and appeared lethargic. An <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> report attributed this state to drugs she was given by jail doctors.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-51">[51]</a> Bailey was strongly criticized for his decision to put Hearst on the stand, then having her repeatedly decline to answer questions. According to <a href="/wiki/Alan_Dershowitz" title="Alan Dershowitz">Alan Dershowitz</a>, Bailey was wrong-footed by the judge, who had appeared to indicate she would have <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Fifth Amendment</a> privilege: the jury would not be present for some of her testimony, or would be instructed not to draw inferences, on matters subsequent to the Hibernian Bank charges for which she was being tried, but he changed his mind.<a href="#cite_note-Patty_Hearst_Trial_1976-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> After a few months, Hearst provided information to the authorities, not under oath (sworn testimony could have been used to convict her) of SLA activities. A bomb exploded at <a href="/wiki/Hearst_Castle" title="Hearst Castle">Hearst Castle</a> in February 1976.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> After Hearst testified that Wolfe had raped her, <a href="/wiki/Emily_Harris" title="Emily Harris">Emily Harris</a> gave a magazine interview from jail alleging that Hearst's keeping a trinket given to her by Wolfe was an indication that she had been in a romantic relationship with him. Hearst said she had kept the stone carving because she thought it was a <a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-Columbian</a> artifact of archeological significance. The prosecutor James L. Browning Jr. used Harris's interpretation of the item. Some jurors later said they regarded the carving, which Browning waved in front of them, as powerful evidence that Hearst was lying.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Closing_arguments">Closing arguments</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Closing arguments">edit</a>]</div> In his closing argument, prosecutor Browning suggested that Hearst had taken part in the bank robbery without coercion.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-65">[65]</a> Browning, who later became a judge, also suggested to the jury that as the female SLA members were feminists, they would not have allowed Hearst to be raped.<a href="#cite_note-Patty_Hearst_Trial_1976-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-65">[65]</a> In her autobiography, Hearst expressed disappointment with what she saw as Bailey's lack of focus in the crucial end stage of her trial. She described him as having the appearance of someone with a hangover, and spilling water down the front of his pants while making a "disjointed" closing argument.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Bailey's final statement to the court was, "But simple application of the rules, I think, will yield one decent result, and, that is, there is not anything close to proof beyond a reasonable doubt that Patty Hearst wanted to be a bank robber. What you know, and you know in your hearts to be true is beyond dispute. There was talk about her dying, and she wanted to survive."<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conviction_and_sentencing">Conviction and sentencing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Conviction and sentencing">edit</a>]</div> On March 20, 1976, Hearst was convicted of bank robbery and using a firearm during the commission of a felony. She was given the maximum sentence possible of 35 years' imprisonment, pending a reduction at final sentence hearing, which Carter declined to specify.<a href="#cite_note-Historic_U.S._Court_Cases_p_127-67">[67]</a> Because Judge Carter had died, Judge <a href="/wiki/William_H._Orrick_Jr." title="William H. Orrick Jr.">William H. Orrick Jr.</a> determined Hearst's sentence. He gave her seven years' imprisonment, commenting that "rebellious young people who, for whatever reason become revolutionaries, and voluntarily commit criminal acts will be punished".<a href="#cite_note-Russakoff-68">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prison_life">Prison life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Prison life">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patty_Hearst_escorted_by_marshals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Patty_Hearst_escorted_by_marshals.jpg/220px-Patty_Hearst_escorted_by_marshals.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Patty_Hearst_escorted_by_marshals.jpg/330px-Patty_Hearst_escorted_by_marshals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Patty_Hearst_escorted_by_marshals.jpg/440px-Patty_Hearst_escorted_by_marshals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2873" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Hearst is escorted by marshals into a Los Angeles courthouse for a May 1976 pretrial hearing for the shootout at Mel's Sporting Goods.</figcaption></figure> Hearst was imprisoned at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Correctional_Institution,_Dublin" title="Federal Correctional Institution, Dublin">Federal Correctional Institution, Dublin</a> (California).<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> She suffered a <a href="/wiki/Pneumothorax" title="Pneumothorax">collapsed lung</a> in prison, the beginning of a series of medical problems, and she underwent emergency surgery. This prevented her from appearing to testify against the Harrises on 11 charges, including robbery, kidnapping, and assault; she was also arraigned for those charges.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> She was held in solitary confinement for security reasons; she was granted bail for an appeal hearing in November 1976 on the condition that she was protected on bond. Her father hired dozens of bodyguards.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Superior Court judge Talbot Callister gave her probation on the sporting goods store charge when she pleaded no contest, saying that he believed that she had been subject to coercion amounting to torture.<a href="#cite_note-Russakoff-68">[68]</a> California Attorney General <a href="/wiki/Evelle_J._Younger" title="Evelle J. Younger">Evelle J. Younger</a> said that, if there was a double standard for the wealthy, it was the opposite of what was generally believed and that Hearst had received a stiffer sentence than a person of lesser means might have. He said that she had no legal brainwashing defense, but pointed out that the events had started with her being kidnapped.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> Hearst's bail was revoked in May 1978 when appeals failed, and the Supreme Court declined to hear her case.<a href="#cite_note-Historic_U.S._Court_Cases_p_127-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-Russakoff-68">[68]</a> The prison took no special security measures for her safety until she found a dead rat on her bunk on the day when William and Emily Harris were arraigned for her abduction. The Harrises were convicted on a simple kidnapping charge, as opposed to the more serious kidnapping for ransom or kidnapping with bodily injury, and they were released after serving a total of eight years each.<a href="#cite_note-Blame_p65-46">[46]</a> Representative <a href="/wiki/Leo_Ryan" title="Leo Ryan">Leo Ryan</a> was collecting signatures on a petition for Hearst's release several weeks before he was murdered while visiting the <a href="/wiki/Jonestown" title="Jonestown">Jonestown</a> settlement in <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> Actor <a href="/wiki/John_Wayne" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> spoke after the Jonestown cult deaths, stating that people had accepted that <a href="/wiki/Jim_Jones" title="Jim Jones">Jim Jones</a> had brainwashed 900 individuals into mass suicide but would not accept that the Symbionese Liberation Army could have brainwashed a kidnapped teenage girl.<a href="#cite_note-Historic_U.S._Court_Cases_p_127-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commutation,_release,_and_pardon">Commutation, release, and pardon</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Commutation, release, and pardon">edit</a>]</div> President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> commuted Hearst's federal sentence to the 22 months served, freeing her eight months before she was eligible for her first parole hearing. Her release (on February 1, 1979) was under stringent conditions, and she remained on probation for the state sentence on the sporting goods store plea.<a href="#cite_note-toobin-75">[75]</a> She recovered full civil rights when President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> granted her a pardon on January 20, 2001, his last day in office.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Historic_U.S._Court_Cases_p_127-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-time-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-doj-77">[77]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_after_release">Life after release</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Life after release">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Patty_Hearst_and_Bernard_Shaw,_1979.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Patty_Hearst_and_Bernard_Shaw%2C_1979.jpg/170px-Patty_Hearst_and_Bernard_Shaw%2C_1979.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Patty_Hearst_and_Bernard_Shaw%2C_1979.jpg/255px-Patty_Hearst_and_Bernard_Shaw%2C_1979.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Patty_Hearst_and_Bernard_Shaw%2C_1979.jpg/340px-Patty_Hearst_and_Bernard_Shaw%2C_1979.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2269" data-file-height="2595" /></a><figcaption>Hearst with Shaw, 1979</figcaption></figure> Two months after her release from prison, Hearst married Bernard Lee Shaw (1945–2013),<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> a policeman who was part of her security detail during her time on bail. They had two children, Gillian and <a href="/wiki/Lydia_Hearst" title="Lydia Hearst">Lydia Hearst-Shaw</a>. Hearst became involved in a foundation helping children with <a href="/wiki/AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a>, and was active in other charities and fund-raising activities.<a href="#cite_note-GROSS-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_and_other_activities">Media and other activities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Media and other activities">edit</a>]</div> Hearst published the memoir Every Secret Thing, co-written with Alvin Moscow, in 1981. Her accounts resulted in authorities considering bringing new charges against her.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> She was interviewed in 2009 on <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> and said that the prosecutor had suggested that she had been in a consensual relationship with Wolfe. She described that as "outrageous" and an insult to rape victims.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Hearst produced a special for the <a href="/wiki/Travel_Channel" title="Travel Channel">Travel Channel</a> titled Secrets of San Simeon with Patricia Hearst, in which she took viewers inside her grandfather's mansion <a href="/wiki/Hearst_Castle" title="Hearst Castle">Hearst Castle</a>, providing unprecedented access to the property.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> She collaborated with Cordelia Frances Biddle on writing the novel Murder at San Simeon (Scribner, 1996), based upon the death of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Ince" title="Thomas H. Ince">Thomas H. Ince</a> on her grandfather's yacht.<a href="#cite_note-GROSS-79">[79]</a> She has appeared in feature films for director <a href="/wiki/John_Waters_(filmmaker)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Waters (filmmaker)">John Waters</a>, who cast her in <a href="/wiki/Cry-Baby" title="Cry-Baby">Cry-Baby</a> (1990), <a href="/wiki/Serial_Mom" title="Serial Mom">Serial Mom</a> (1994), <a href="/wiki/Pecker_(film)" title="Pecker (film)">Pecker</a> (1998), <a href="/wiki/Cecil_B._DeMented" class="mw-redirect" title="Cecil B. DeMented">Cecil B. DeMented</a> (2000) and <a href="/wiki/A_Dirty_Shame" title="A Dirty Shame">A Dirty Shame</a> (2004). Hearst also made a cameo in <a href="/wiki/Pauly_Shore" title="Pauly Shore">Pauly Shore</a>'s film <a href="/wiki/Bio-Dome" title="Bio-Dome">Bio-Dome</a> (1996) and had a small role in the 2004 film Second Best. She was also a producer on the film <a href="/wiki/Pottersville_(film)" title="Pottersville (film)">Pottersville</a> and made an appearance in the 2000 documentary, Pie in the Sky: The <a href="/wiki/Brigid_Berlin" title="Brigid Berlin">Brigid Berlin</a> Story. Her television acting roles include episodes of <a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Pete_%26_Pete" title="The Adventures of Pete & Pete">The Adventures of Pete & Pete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Common_(TV_series)" title="Boston Common (TV series)">Boston Common</a>, <a href="/wiki/Son_of_the_Beach" title="Son of the Beach">Son of the Beach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tripping_the_Rift" title="Tripping the Rift">Tripping the Rift</a>. She was also a guest caller on the TV series <a href="/wiki/Frasier" title="Frasier">Frasier</a> on season 1 episode 23 "Frasier Crane's Day Off" (1994), as Janice. She also appeared in the episode "Lord of the Pi's" in season 3 of <a href="/wiki/Veronica_Mars" title="Veronica Mars">Veronica Mars</a>. The character was the heiress of a fictionalized Hearst family, loosely based on aspects of her life. Hearst has participated with her dogs in dog shows,<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> and her <a href="/wiki/Shih_Tzu" title="Shih Tzu">Shih Tzu</a> Rocket won the "Toy" group at the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Kennel_Club_Dog_Show" title="Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show">Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show</a> at <a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a> on February 16, 2015.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> At the 2017 show, Hearst's <a href="/wiki/French_bulldog" class="mw-redirect" title="French bulldog">French bulldog</a> Tuggy won Best of Breed, and Rubi won Best of Opposite Sex.<a href="#cite_note-2017_Westminister-85">[85]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Films_about_Hearst's_SLA_period">Films about Hearst's SLA period</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Films about Hearst's SLA period">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Patty (1976) - Sexploitation<a href="#cite_note-:0-86">[86]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanya_(1976_film)" title="Tanya (1976 film)">Tanya</a> (1976) - Sexploitation<a href="#cite_note-:0-86">[86]</a></li> <li>The Ordeal of Patty Hearst (1979) - TV movie<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captive_(1986_film)" title="Captive (1986 film)">Captive</a> (1986) - Fictional account inspired by</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patty_Hearst_(film)" title="Patty Hearst (film)">Patty Hearst</a> (1988) - Based on her autobiography</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla:_The_Taking_of_Patty_Hearst" title="Guerrilla: The Taking of Patty Hearst">Guerrilla: The Taking of Patty Hearst</a> (2004) - Documentary</li> <li>The Radical Story of Patty Hearst (2018)<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> - Docuseries</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Woman_(2019_film)" title="American Woman (2019 film)">American Woman</a> (2019) - A fictionalised story of one of Hearst's captors</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: In popular culture">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>In 1974, American singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Patti_Smith" title="Patti Smith">Patti Smith</a> re-imagined <a href="/wiki/Jimi_Hendrix" title="Jimi Hendrix">Jimi Hendrix</a>'s "Hey Joe" as a meditation on Hearst's involvement with the SLA. The single was Smith's first appearance on a record.<a href="#cite_note-smithnpr-89">[89]</a></li> <li>American singer-songwriter <a href="/wiki/Warren_Zevon" title="Warren Zevon">Warren Zevon</a>'s 1978 song "<a href="/wiki/Roland_the_Headless_Thompson_Gunner" title="Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner">Roland the Headless Thompson Gunner</a>" mentions Hearst in the last line of the song.</li> <li>American author <a href="/wiki/Stephen_King" title="Stephen King">Stephen King</a> states in his non-fiction book <a href="/wiki/Danse_Macabre_(book)" title="Danse Macabre (book)">Danse Macabre</a> (1981) that Hearst's case was among the sources of inspiration for his novel <a href="/wiki/The_Stand" title="The Stand">The Stand</a> (1978).<a href="#cite_note-stephenking-90">[90]</a></li> <li>The title of the American band <a href="/wiki/Camper_van_Beethoven" class="mw-redirect" title="Camper van Beethoven">Camper van Beethoven</a>'s album <a href="/wiki/Our_Beloved_Revolutionary_Sweetheart" title="Our Beloved Revolutionary Sweetheart">Our Beloved Revolutionary Sweetheart</a> (1988) is taken from the lyrics to the album's penultimate song, "Tania", a "darkly witty paean to Hearst."<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></li> <li>American singer songwriter <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Urine" title="Jimmy Urine">Jimmy Urine</a> of the band <a href="/wiki/Mindless_Self_Indulgence" title="Mindless Self Indulgence">Mindless Self Indulgence</a> wrote the electronic song "Patty Hearst" as the seventh song on his 2017 solo album <a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Cinematic_Sounds_of_Jimmy_Urine" class="mw-redirect" title="The Secret Cinematic Sounds of Jimmy Urine">The Secret Cinematic Sounds of Jimmy Urine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-regen-92">[92]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Law_%26_Order" title="Law & Order">Law & Order</a> episode "Hot Pursuit" is based on the Hearst case.<a href="#cite_note-symonds-93">[93]</a></li> <li>An episode of <a href="/wiki/Drunk_History" title="Drunk History">Drunk History</a>, aired on August 6, 2013, includes a retelling of the story of Hearst kidnapping. She was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Kristen_Wiig" title="Kristen Wiig">Kristen Wiig</a>.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Misfits_(band)" title="Misfits (band)">Misfits</a> song "She" is about Patty Hearst. The song was the first (alongside "<a href="/wiki/Cough/Cool" title="Cough/Cool">Cough/Cool</a>") Misfits song recorded.</li> <li>A 2018 episode of the American TV show <a href="/wiki/S.W.A.T._(2017_TV_series)" title="S.W.A.T. (2017 TV series)">S.W.A.T</a>, "Inheritance", is based on Hearst and the SLA's crime spree.</li> <li>The song "Kidnapping an Heiress" from <a href="/wiki/Black_Box_Recorder" title="Black Box Recorder">Black Box Recorder</a> debut album <a href="/wiki/England_Made_Me_(Black_Box_Recorder_album)" title="England Made Me (Black Box Recorder album)">England Made Me</a> is a retelling of Hearst's kidnapping sung from the perspective of the SLA.</li> <li>In 1979, Californian theatre troupe <a href="/wiki/The_Mystic_Knights_of_the_Oingo_Boingo" title="The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo">The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo</a> released a song titled "You Got Your Baby Back" based on Patty Hearst's kidnapping and prior release.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hearst_family" title="Hearst family">Hearst family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Woman_(novel)" title="American Woman (novel)">American Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brainwashing" title="Brainwashing">Brainwashing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kidnappings" title="List of kidnappings">List of kidnappings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_solved_missing_person_cases:_pre-2000" class="mw-redirect" title="List of solved missing person cases: pre-2000">List of solved missing person cases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockholm_syndrome" title="Stockholm syndrome">Stockholm syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_or_granted_clemency_by_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States">List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cnn-profile-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cnn-profile_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn-profile_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFZahn2001" class="citation news cs1">Zahn, Paula (April 16, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/people/shows/hearst/profile.html">"Patty Hearst Profile – Radically different – Heiress' life far removed from days of '74 kidnapping"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181017203827/http://www.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/people/shows/hearst/profile.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Patty+Hearst+Profile+%E2%80%93+Radically+different+%E2%80%93+Heiress%27+life+far+removed+from+days+of+%2774+kidnapping&rft.date=2001-04-16&rft.aulast=Zahn&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FCNN%2FPrograms%2Fpeople%2Fshows%2Fhearst%2Fprofile.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn-2"><a href="#cite_ref-cnn_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/people/shows/hearst/profile.html">"Radically different: Heiress' life far removed from days of '74 kidnapping"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120628205834/http://edition.cnn.com/CNN/Programs/people/shows/hearst/profile.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Radically+different%3A+Heiress%27+life+far+removed+from+days+of+%2774+kidnapping&rft.pub=CNN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FCNN%2FPrograms%2Fpeople%2Fshows%2Fhearst%2Fprofile.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCommire,_AnneKlezmer,_Deborah2000" class="citation book cs1">Commire, Anne; Klezmer, Deborah (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womeninworldhist07comm">Women in World History</a>. Vol. 7. Yorkin Publications. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/womeninworldhist07comm/page/137">137</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-787-64066-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-787-64066-8"><bdi>978-0-787-64066-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+in+World+History&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Yorkin+Publications&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-787-64066-8&rft.au=Commire%2C+Anne&rft.au=Klezmer%2C+Deborah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwomeninworldhist07comm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,911211-7,00.html">"CRIME: The Hearst Nightmare"</a>. Time. April 29, 1974. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X">0040-781X</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200614035116/http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,911211-7,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=CRIME%3A+The+Hearst+Nightmare&rft.date=1974-04-29&rft.issn=0040-781X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fsubscriber%2Farticle%2F0%2C33009%2C911211-7%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacomber1974" class="citation news cs1">Macomber, Frank (May 22, 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=DS19740522.2.30&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1">"At Menlo, Patty A Brilliant Student"</a>. 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Famous Pictures Magazine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160111215813/http://www.famouspictures.org/patty-hearst/">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2016. 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Retrieved December 24, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=umkc.edu&rft.atitle=The+Trial+of+Patty+Hearst%3A+An+Account&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flaw2.umkc.edu%2Ffaculty%2Fprojects%2Fftrials%2Fhearst%2Fhearstdolaccount.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraebner2015" class="citation book cs1">Graebner, William (2015). Patty's Got a Gun: Patricia Hearst in 1970s America. University of Chicago Press. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226324326" title="Special:BookSources/9780226324326"><bdi>9780226324326</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patty%27s+Got+a+Gun%3A+Patricia+Hearst+in+1970s+America&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780226324326&rft.aulast=Graebner&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blame_p65-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Blame_p65_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blame_p65_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Blame_p65_46-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestervelt1998" class="citation book cs1">Westervelt, Saundra Davis (1998). Shifting the Blame: How Victimization Became a Criminal Defense. Rutgers University Press. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780813525839" title="Special:BookSources/9780813525839"><bdi>9780813525839</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shifting+the+Blame%3A+How+Victimization+Became+a+Criminal+Defense&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9780813525839&rft.aulast=Westervelt&rft.aufirst=Saundra+Davis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEwingMcCann2006" class="citation book cs1">Ewing, Charles Patrick; McCann, Joseph T. (2006). Minds on Trial: Great Cases in Law and Psychology. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 34–36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195181760" title="Special:BookSources/9780195181760"><bdi>9780195181760</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minds+on+Trial%3A+Great+Cases+in+Law+and+Psychology&rft.pages=34-36&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press%2C+USA&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780195181760&rft.aulast=Ewing&rft.aufirst=Charles+Patrick&rft.au=McCann%2C+Joseph+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest1978" class="citation news cs1">West, Louis Jolyon (December 29, 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19781229&id=hAQVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B-IDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3277,8989206">"Psychiatrist pleads for Patty Hearst's release"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eugene_Register-Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugene Register-Guard">Eugene Register-Guard</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170323182522/https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19781229&id=hAQVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=B-IDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3277,8989206">Archived</a> from the original on March 23, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eugene+Register-Guard&rft.atitle=Psychiatrist+pleads+for+Patty+Hearst%27s+release&rft.date=1978-12-29&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Louis+Jolyon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D1310%26dat%3D19781229%26id%3DhAQVAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DB-IDAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3277%2C8989206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHearstMoscow1982" class="citation web cs1">Hearst, Patricia; Moscow, Alvin (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mail-archive.com/ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg12970.html">"Excerpt from Every Secret Thing"</a>. New York: Doubleday & Co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170930222639/https://www.mail-archive.com/ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg12970.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2017. Retrieved September 30, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Excerpt+from+Every+Secret+Thing&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Doubleday+%26+Co.&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Hearst&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.au=Moscow%2C+Alvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mail-archive.com%2Fctrl%40listserv.aol.com%2Fmsg12970.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosen2005" class="citation book cs1">Rosen, Fred (2005). The Historical Atlas of American Crime. Facts on File. p. 257. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816048410" title="Special:BookSources/9780816048410"><bdi>9780816048410</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Historical+Atlas+of+American+Crime&rft.pages=257&rft.pub=Facts+on+File&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780816048410&rft.aulast=Rosen&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-51">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_51-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_51-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_51-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_51-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_51-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrassner2014" class="citation book cs1">Krassner, Paul (2014). Patty Hearst and the Twinkie Murders: A Tale of Two Trials. PM Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781629630380" title="Special:BookSources/9781629630380"><bdi>9781629630380</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patty+Hearst+and+the+Twinkie+Murders%3A+A+Tale+of+Two+Trials&rft.pub=PM+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781629630380&rft.aulast=Krassner&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestcott2013" class="citation news cs1">Westcott, Kathryn (August 22, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-22447726">"What is Stockholm syndrome?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News Magazine">BBC News Magazine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190430171505/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-22447726">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2019. Retrieved June 16, 2017. <q>Hearst's defence lawyer Bailey claimed that the 19-year-old had been brainwashed and was suffering from "<a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockholm Syndrome">Stockholm Syndrome</a>" – a term that had been recently coined to explain the apparently irrational feelings of some captives for their captors.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Magazine&rft.atitle=What+is+Stockholm+syndrome%3F&rft.date=2013-08-22&rft.aulast=Westcott&rft.aufirst=Kathryn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fmagazine-22447726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrassner2014" class="citation book cs1">Krassner, Paul (2014). Patty Hearst and the Twinkie Murders: A Tale of Two Trials. PM Press. p. 27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781629630380" title="Special:BookSources/9781629630380"><bdi>9781629630380</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patty+Hearst+and+the+Twinkie+Murders%3A+A+Tale+of+Two+Trials&rft.pages=27&rft.pub=PM+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781629630380&rft.aulast=Krassner&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Twinkie_Murders_p._21-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Twinkie_Murders_p._21_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Twinkie_Murders_p._21_54-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrassner2014" class="citation book cs1">Krassner, Paul (October 2014). Patty Hearst and the Twinkie Murders: A Tale of Two Trials. PM Press. p. 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781629630380" title="Special:BookSources/9781629630380"><bdi>9781629630380</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patty+Hearst+and+the+Twinkie+Murders%3A+A+Tale+of+Two+Trials&rft.pages=21&rft.pub=PM+Press&rft.date=2014-10&rft.isbn=9781629630380&rft.aulast=Krassner&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carey-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Carey_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarey2008" class="citation news cs1">Carey, Benedict (September 1, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/01/health/research/01kozol.html">"Harry L. Kozol, Expert in Patty Hearst Trial, Is Dead at 102"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130522033620/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/01/health/research/01kozol.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2013. Retrieved May 22, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Harry+L.+Kozol%2C+Expert+in+Patty+Hearst+Trial%2C+Is+Dead+at+102&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.aulast=Carey&rft.aufirst=Benedict&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F09%2F01%2Fhealth%2Fresearch%2F01kozol.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilkinson-56"><a href="#cite_ref-Wilkinson_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2008" class="citation news cs1">Wilkinson, Francis (December 24, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/28/magazine/28kozol-t.html?adxnnl=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&adxnnlx=1280566991-UdEMvM5giWaVsydc6JiCng">"Harry L. Kozol, born 1908"</a>. The New York Times Magazine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130522033432/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/28/magazine/28kozol-t.html?adxnnl=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&adxnnlx=1280566991-UdEMvM5giWaVsydc6JiCng">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2013. Retrieved July 31, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times+Magazine&rft.atitle=Harry+L.+Kozol%2C+born+1908&rft.date=2008-12-24&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F12%2F28%2Fmagazine%2F28kozol-t.html%3Fadxnnl%3D1%26partner%3Drss%26emc%3Drss%26adxnnlx%3D1280566991-UdEMvM5giWaVsydc6JiCng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> AP. "San Francisco Bailey tangles with witness", Victoria Advocate. </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_58-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hearst/hearstranscriptexcerpts.html">"Trial Transcript Excerpts in the Patty Hearst Trial"</a>. umkc.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150306033237/http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hearst/hearstranscriptexcerpts.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=umkc.edu&rft.atitle=Trial+Transcript+Excerpts+in+the+Patty+Hearst+Trial&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flaw2.umkc.edu%2Ffaculty%2Fprojects%2Fftrials%2Fhearst%2Fhearstranscriptexcerpts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Montreal_Gazette_1977-59"><a href="#cite_ref-Montreal_Gazette_1977_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJimenez1977" class="citation news cs1">Jimenez, Janey (November 23, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=1oIuAAAAIBAJ&pg=1232%2C2060727">"What Patty Thought of Men In Her Life"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreal Gazette">The Montreal Gazette</a>. p. 23. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0384-1294">0384-1294</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/456824368">456824368</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309033517/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=1oIuAAAAIBAJ&pg=1232%2C2060727">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved January 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Montreal+Gazette&rft.atitle=What+Patty+Thought+of+Men+In+Her+Life&rft.pages=23&rft.date=1977-11-23&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F456824368&rft.issn=0384-1294&rft.aulast=Jimenez&rft.aufirst=Janey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D1oIuAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1232%252C2060727&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> Spokesman-Review, February 26, 1974 (AP San Francisco) </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDershowitz1983" class="citation book cs1">Dershowitz, Alan (1983). The Best Defense. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. p. 394. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780394713809" title="Special:BookSources/9780394713809"><bdi>9780394713809</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Best+Defense&rft.pages=394&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday+Publishing&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9780394713809&rft.aulast=Dershowitz&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> 563 F.2d 1331, 2 Fed. R. Evid. Serv. 1149, United States of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Patricia Campbell Hearst, Defendant-Appellant. Nos. 76–3162, 77–1759. United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit. November 2, 1977. </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Bomb blast rips Hearst castle". The Morning Record. February 13, 1976.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Morning+Record&rft.atitle=Bomb+blast+rips+Hearst+castle&rft.date=1976-02-13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> Johnson, John W. (Editor). Historic US Court Cases: An Encyclopedia. p. 145. </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_65-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Jury To Begin Weighing Patty's Fate Today". Morning Record. Meriden, CT. 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The Palm Beach Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Palm+Beach+Post&rft.atitle=Was+%27Tania%27+Hearst+brainwashed%3F&rft.date=1978-07-11&rft.aulast=Russakoff&rft.aufirst=Dale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerkins2003" class="citation news cs1">Perkins, Laura (May 16, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Patty-Hearst-returns-to-prison-in-Pleasanton-2616604.php">"Patty Hearst returns to prison in Pleasanton"</a>. 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Retrieved March 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Escape+From+The+SLA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paulmorantz.com%2Fcult%2Fescape-from-the-sla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLithwick2002" class="citation web cs1">Lithwick, Dahlia (January 28, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2002/01/the_brainwashed_defense.html">"The Brainwashed Defense"</a>. Slate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141224221431/http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2002/01/the_brainwashed_defense.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 24, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=The+Brainwashed+Defense&rft.date=2002-01-28&rft.aulast=Lithwick&rft.aufirst=Dahlia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Farticles%2Fnews_and_politics%2Fpolitics%2F2002%2F01%2Fthe_brainwashed_defense.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-toobin-75"><a href="#cite_ref-toobin_75-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToobin2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Toobin" title="Jeffrey Toobin">Toobin, Jeffrey</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeffreytoobin.com/books/american-heiress-hc">American Heiress: The Wild Saga of the Kidnapping, Crimes and Trial of Patty Hearst</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,1862257,00.html">the original</a> on December 2, 2009. 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(December 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/20/us/bernard-l-shaw-bodyguard-and-husband-of-patty-hearst-dies-at-68.html">"Bernard Shaw, Husband and Bodyguard of Patty Hearst, Dies at 68"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170708010517/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/20/us/bernard-l-shaw-bodyguard-and-husband-of-patty-hearst-dies-at-68.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved June 19, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bernard+Shaw%2C+Husband+and+Bodyguard+of+Patty+Hearst%2C+Dies+at+68&rft.date=2013-12-19&rft.aulast=Slotnik&rft.aufirst=Daniel+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F12%2F20%2Fus%2Fbernard-l-shaw-bodyguard-and-husband-of-patty-hearst-dies-at-68.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GROSS-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GROSS_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GROSS_79-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGross1988" class="citation news cs1">Gross, Jane (September 10, 1988). "Full Circle: The New Life of Patty Hearst". 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Patricia Hearst was also encouraged to make the TV special because...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Her+Latest+Life&rft.date=2001-03-04&rft.aulast=Gritten&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.latimes.com%2F2001%2Fmar%2F04%2Fentertainment%2Fca-32988%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNizza2008" class="citation web cs1">Nizza, Mike (February 12, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/02/12/patty-hearsts-comeback-thanks-to-the-dog/?_r=0">"Patty Hearst's Comeback, Thanks to the Dog"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141206165814/http://thelede.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/02/12/patty-hearsts-comeback-thanks-to-the-dog/?_r=0">Archived</a> from the original on December 6, 2014. Retrieved November 27, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Patty+Hearst%27s+Comeback%2C+Thanks+to+the+Dog&rft.date=2008-02-12&rft.aulast=Nizza&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthelede.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F02%2F12%2Fpatty-hearsts-comeback-thanks-to-the-dog%2F%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2015/02/17/where-is-patty-hearst-shes-a-winner-at-westminster/23545211/">"Patty Hearst's dog wins at Westminster"</a>. USA Today. 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December 14, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210929163918/https://dangerousminds.net/comments/patty_hearst_exploitation_films_were_a_thing_in_the_1970s">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2021. Retrieved September 29, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DangerousMinds&rft.atitle=Patty+Hearst+sexploitation+films+were+a+%27thing%27+in+the+1970s&rft.date=2016-12-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdangerousminds.net%2Fcomments%2Fpatty_hearst_exploitation_films_were_a_thing_in_the_1970s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSargeant2003" class="citation book cs1">Sargeant, Jack (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2x0gAQAAIAAJ">Guns, Death, Terror: 1960s & 1970s Revolutionaries, Urban Guerrillas and Terrorists</a>. 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Retrieved January 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27The+Stand%27%3A+Tracing+the+Stephen+King+Epic+Through+Its+Many+Mutations&rft.date=2020-12-17&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Sean+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F12%2F17%2Farts%2Ftelevision%2Fstand-stephen-king-history.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeming" class="citation web cs1">Deming, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/our-beloved-revolutionary-sweetheart-mw0000652157">"Camper van Beethoven, 'Our Beloved Revolutionary Sweetheart'"</a>. AllMusic. Retrieved January 2, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Camper+van+Beethoven%2C+%27Our+Beloved+Revolutionary+Sweetheart%27&rft.aulast=Deming&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Four-beloved-revolutionary-sweetheart-mw0000652157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-regen-92"><a href="#cite_ref-regen_92-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regenmag.com/reviews/jimmy-urine-the-secret-cinematic-sounds-of-jimmy-urine/">"Jimmy Urine – The Secret Cinematic Sounds of Jimmy Urine"</a>. ReGen Magazine. May 13, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ReGen+Magazine&rft.atitle=Jimmy+Urine+%E2%80%93+The+Secret+Cinematic+Sounds+of+Jimmy+Urine&rft.date=2017-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregenmag.com%2Freviews%2Fjimmy-urine-the-secret-cinematic-sounds-of-jimmy-urine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-symonds-93"><a href="#cite_ref-symonds_93-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSymonds2011" class="citation book cs1">Symonds, Gwyn (2011). The Aesthetics of Violence in Contemporary Media. US: Bloomsbury Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Aesthetics+of+Violence+in+Contemporary+Media&rft.place=US&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Symonds&rft.aufirst=Gwyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paramountplus.com/shows/drunk-history/#ftag=PPM-18-10caf1d">Drunk History | Comedy Central</a>, September 26, 2016, retrieved June 10, 2023</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Drunk+History+%7C+Comedy+Central&rft.date=2016-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.paramountplus.com%2Fshows%2Fdrunk-history%2F%23ftag%3DPPM-18-10caf1d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cited_texts">Cited texts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cited texts">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="0" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Toobin" title="Jeffrey Toobin">Toobin, Jeffrey</a> (2016). American Heiress: The Wild Saga of the Kidnapping, Crimes and Trial of Patty Hearst. Knopf Doubleday. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780385536714" title="Special:BookSources/9780385536714"><bdi>9780385536714</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Heiress%3A+The+Wild+Saga+of+the+Kidnapping%2C+Crimes+and+Trial+of+Patty+Hearst&rft.pub=Knopf+Doubleday&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9780385536714&rft.aulast=Toobin&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraebner2008" class="citation book cs1">Graebner, William (2008). Patty's Got a Gun: Patricia Hearst in 1970s America. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226305226" title="Special:BookSources/9780226305226"><bdi>9780226305226</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Patty%27s+Got+a+Gun%3A+Patricia+Hearst+in+1970s+America&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780226305226&rft.aulast=Graebner&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APatty+Hearst" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Patty_Hearst" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Patty Hearst">Patty Hearst</a> at Wikimedia Commons <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0372553/">Patty Hearst</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz0002qj4c">View from inside car of Mel's Sporting Goods where a robbery involving Patty Hearst took place, Inglewood, California, 1976.</a> <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a> Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, <a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Young_Research_Library" title="Charles E. Young Research Library">Charles E. Young Research Library</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Joe_Remiro" title="Joe Remiro">Joe Remiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Harris" title="Emily Harris">Emily Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Wolfe" title="Willie Wolfe">Willie Wolfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thero_Wheeler" title="Thero Wheeler">Thero Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Alice_Siem" title="Mary Alice Siem">Mary Alice Siem</a></li> <li>Bill Harris</li> <li>Russ Little</li> <li>Gary Atwood</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Symbionese_Liberation_Army_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Symbionese_Liberation_Army_Flag.svg/75px-Symbionese_Liberation_Army_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Symbionese_Liberation_Army_Flag.svg/113px-Symbionese_Liberation_Army_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Symbionese_Liberation_Army_Flag.svg/150px-Symbionese_Liberation_Army_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="669" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ea472b; color:black;;width:1%">Later members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wendy_Yoshimura" title="Wendy Yoshimura">Wendy Yoshimura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Jane_Olson" title="Sara Jane Olson">Kathleen Soliah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Patty Hearst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Kilgore" title="James Kilgore">James Kilgore</a></li> <li>Michael Bortin</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ea472b; color:black;;width:1%">Victims</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Foster" title="Marcus Foster">Marcus Foster</a></li> <li>Myrna Opsahl</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229556#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229556#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229556#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000079751085">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/50432593">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/204471/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJp9xHPKw3tkpFQkvkVgrq">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134020278">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n86025780">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11907081c">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11907081c">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35182947">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069319405">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/sq47dqpb0mgz8vq">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810605635705606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007447110205171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/855350">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd134020278.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02760263X">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10571331">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6vd86nr">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&oldid=1258028225">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patty_Hearst&oldid=1258028225</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1954_births" title="Category:1954 births">1954 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_American_trials" title="Category:20th-century American trials">20th-century American trials</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1970s_kidnappings_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1970s kidnappings in the United States">1970s kidnappings in the United States</a></li><li><a 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