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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Avidya_en_Kaivalya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avidya_en_Kaivalya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Avidya en Kaivalya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avidya_en_Kaivalya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschriften" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschriften"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geschriften</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geschriften-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yoga_en_religies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yoga_en_religies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Yoga en religies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yoga_en_religies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vier_hoofdstelsels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vier_hoofdstelsels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vier hoofdstelsels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vier_hoofdstelsels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-De_acht_geledingen_van_raja-yoga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_acht_geledingen_van_raja-yoga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>De acht geledingen van <i>raja-yoga</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_acht_geledingen_van_raja-yoga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fysieke_vormen_van_yoga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fysieke_vormen_van_yoga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Fysieke vormen van yoga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fysieke_vormen_van_yoga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Andere_yogasoorten" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Andere_yogasoorten"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Andere yogasoorten</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Andere_yogasoorten-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgave" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yoga</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 131 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-131" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">131 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Zwitserduits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Zwitserduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7" title="يوجا – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوجا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7" title="يوجا – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يوجا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8" title="যোগাসন – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="যোগাসন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoqa" title="Yoqa – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yoqa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A7" title="یوقا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یوقا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Ёга – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ёга" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Ёга – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ёга" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="যোগব্যায়াম – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যোগব্যায়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82" title="ཡོ་ག – Tibetaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡོ་ག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Налжор – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Налжор" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ioga" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%86%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="یۆگا – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یۆگا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3ga" title="Jóga – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jóga" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ioga" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B9%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B1" title="Γιόγκα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γιόγκα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="goed artikel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogo" title="Jogo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jogo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jooga" title="Jooga – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jooga" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="یوگا – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوگا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="aanbevolen artikel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jooga" title="Jooga – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jooga" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jooga" title="Jooga – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Jooga" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B3ga" title="Ióga – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ióga" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ioga" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%97_(%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%95_%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%88%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%80)" title="યોગ (મનોશારીરીક જીવનશૈલી) – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="યોગ (મનોશારીરીક જીવનશૈલી)" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%95%D7%92%D7%94" title="יוגה – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יוגה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Fijisch Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fijisch Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Haïtiaans Creools" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3ga" title="Jóga – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jóga" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%A1" title="Յոգա – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Յոգա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Եոկա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Եոկա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3ga" title="Jóga – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Jóga" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AC" title="ヨーガ – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヨーガ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuoga" title="Yuoga – Jamaicaans Creools" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Yuoga" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaicaans Creools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%90" title="იოგა – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იოგა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yogaa" title="Yogaa – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Yogaa" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%97" title="ಯೋಗ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯೋಗ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EA%B0%80" title="요가 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="요가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="یوگا – Kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="یوگا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioga" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Јога – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јога" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="യോഗം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യോഗം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Йог – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Йог" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga – Mirandees" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ioga" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%82%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%89%E1%80%BA" title="ယောဂကျင့်စဉ် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယောဂကျင့်စဉ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Nederduits" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C3%B2ga" title="Iòga – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Iòga" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AF%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%97" title="ଯୋଗ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଯୋଗ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A3" title="ਯੋਗਾਸਣ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੋਗਾਸਣ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="योग – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="योग" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B2ga" title="Jòga – Piëmontees" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Jòga" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piëmontees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="یوگا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یوگا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioga" title="Ioga – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ioga" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuqa" title="Yuqa – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yuqa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D2%91%D0%B0" title="Йоґа – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Йоґа" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83" title="योगः – Sanskriet" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="योगः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskriet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Jakoets" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakoets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱭᱚᱜᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱭᱚᱜᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%9C" title="යෝග – Singalees" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යෝග" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joga" title="Joga – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Joga" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="யோகக் கலை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யோகக் கலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%97" title="ಯೋಗ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಯೋಗ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE" title="యోగా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="యోగా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0" title="โยคะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โยคะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Йога – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Йога" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="یوگا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یوگا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD" title="瑜伽 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="瑜伽" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%90%D7%92%D7%90" title="יאגא – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="יאגא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD" title="瑜伽 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="瑜伽" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Yoga" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD" title="瑜伽 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="瑜伽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9350#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Overleg:Yoga" rel="discussion" title="Overleg over deze pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalvariant wijzigen" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nederlands</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergaven"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yoga"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=history" title="Eerdere versies van deze pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hulpmiddelen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Meer opties" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handelingen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yoga"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=history"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Yoga" title="Lijst met alle pagina's die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Yoga" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina's waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&oldid=69129913" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze pagina"><span>Paginagegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Citeren&page=Yoga&id=69129913&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informatie over hoe u deze pagina kunt citeren"><span>Deze pagina citeren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYoga"><span>Verkorte URL verkrijgen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FYoga"><span>QR-code downloaden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Afdrukken/exporteren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Yoga"><span>Boek aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Yoga&action=show-download-screen"><span>Downloaden als PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yoga" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9350" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><div id="sjabloon_zie_artikel" class="hatnote" style="padding:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.5em; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; font-size:95%;" role="note" data-nosnippet=""><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/20px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/40px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Voor het <a href="/wiki/Monotypisch" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotypisch">monotypische</a> geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van de grondels (Gobiidae), zie <a href="/wiki/Yoga_(geslacht)" title="Yoga (geslacht)">Yoga (geslacht)</a></i> </div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Urdva-muka-shvanasana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Urdva-muka-shvanasana.jpg/250px-Urdva-muka-shvanasana.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Urdva-muka-shvanasana.jpg/375px-Urdva-muka-shvanasana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Urdva-muka-shvanasana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="366" /></a><figcaption>Omhoogkijkende hond,<br />Een <a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">asana</a> uit <a href="/wiki/Hatha-yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha-yoga">hatha-yoga</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67645038">.mw-parser-output .link-portaal{float:right;clear:right;padding:0.5em;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;font-size:85%;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .link-portaal{float:none;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0}}</style><div class="link-portaal noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Yoga" title="Portaal:Yoga">Portaal Yoga</a></div> <p><i><b>Yoga</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskriet" title="Sanskriet">Sanskriet</a>: योग, <a href="/wiki/Juk" title="Juk">juk</a>, verenigen, beheersen, ook wel herboren<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> van <i>yuj</i>, verbinden, één maken) is een van de zes orthodoxe of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astika_en_nastika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astika en nastika (de pagina bestaat niet)">astika</a></i> filosofische scholen (<i><a href="/wiki/Indische_filosofie" title="Indische filosofie">darsana's</a></i>) van het <a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">hindoeïsme</a>. Yoga leert de geest, het gevoel en het lichaam te beheersen, om daarmee de vereniging met <a href="/wiki/God_(algemeen)" title="God (algemeen)">God</a> te bereiken.<sup id="cite_ref-LongmanDictionary1990_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LongmanDictionary1990-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In zijn tweede <a href="/wiki/Yogasoetra%27s" title="Yogasoetra's">soetra</a> (aforisme) stelde <a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a> (2e eeuw v. Chr.): <i>Yoga is het stilzetten van de wijzigingen van het denken (Yogas citta-vrtti-nirodhah)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In een meer alledaags, westers concept wordt met yoga <i><a href="/wiki/Hatha-yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha-yoga">hatha-yoga</a></i> bedoeld: een tak van yoga die bestaat uit een systeem van <a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">oefeningen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LongmanDictionary1990_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LongmanDictionary1990-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Indiakunde" title="Indiakunde">Indiakundige</a> <a href="/wiki/Jean_Herbert" title="Jean Herbert">Jean Herbert</a> definieert yoga ook met twee betekenissen die nauw met elkaar samenhangen. Zijn definitie luidt als volgt: </p> <blockquote style="margin:1em 0; padding:0 32px;"> <p><i>yoga is de staat waarin de mens zich onder één juk met het Goddelijke bevindt, dat wil zeggen verbonden met het Goddelijke, zoals dit wordt uitgedrukt in het woord <a href="/wiki/Religie" title="Religie">religie</a>.<br /></i> </p><p>Met een kleine variant drukt het woord yoga de toestand uit, waarin de 'waarneembare mens' ook verbonden is met de 'wezenlijke mens', dat wil zeggen waarin de mens zijn ware aard heeft herkregen en er in overeenstemming mee leeft.<br /> </p><p> De yogatechniek, hoe deze ook mag zijn, is een discipline, waardoor de mens tracht tot de staat van yoga te komen.</p><div style="padding-left:1.6em; font-size:90%;">— Indiakundige <a href="/wiki/Jean_Herbert" title="Jean Herbert">Jean Herbert</a><sup id="cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lysebeth-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></blockquote> <p>De Jiv<a href="/wiki/Atman_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Atman (hindoeïsme)">atma</a>, de menselijke ziel of individueel bewustzijn, is een deel van <i>paramatma</i> (overziel, goddelijke werkelijkheid, <i><a href="/wiki/Brahman_(filosofisch_concept)" title="Brahman (filosofisch concept)">brahman</a></i>). Jivatma verenigt zich weer met paramatma door yoga.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Op het pad van de hoge yoga kan de yogi vermogens krijgen, de <i><a href="/wiki/Siddhi" title="Siddhi">siddhi</a>'s</i>. Een meester in die siddhi's is een <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siddha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siddha (de pagina bestaat niet)">siddha</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Adept_(esoterie)" title="Adept (esoterie)">adept</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Avidya_en_Kaivalya">Avidya en Kaivalya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Avidya en Kaivalya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Avidya en Kaivalya"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ellende (<i><a href="/wiki/Klesa" title="Klesa">klesa</a></i>) is er, omdat de eigen werkelijke aard niet gekend kan worden (<i><a href="/wiki/Avidya" title="Avidya">avidya</a></i>, onwetendheid). Jivatman (<i><a href="/wiki/Purusha" class="mw-redirect" title="Purusha">purusha</a></i>) is in de materie van <i><a href="/wiki/Prakriti" class="mw-redirect" title="Prakriti">prakriti</a></i> gewikkeld en daardoor voor zichzelf verborgen geraakt. Die waarheid, die in ieder verborgen ligt, kan enkel met de discipline van yoga worden ontdekt. De yogi <a href="/wiki/Meditatie" title="Meditatie">mediteert</a>, reist naar binnen, zuivert de voertuigen (<i><a href="/wiki/Kosha" title="Kosha">kosha</a>'</i>s, de instrumenten waardoor het Zelf in de wereld functioneert), ruimt obstakels op en neemt sluiers weg die de yogi het zicht op het stralende Zelf ontnemen. Er kunnen <a href="/wiki/Re%C3%AFncarnatie" title="Reïncarnatie">vele levens</a> over heen gaan eer de weg van de yogi betreed wordt, het doel bereikt en al het verzameld <i><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a></i> is afgewerkt. </p><p>Als de zuiver fysieke oefeningen worden gescheiden van de hogere yoga en de essentiële yoga-leringen, blijft er slechts een wetenschap van lichamelijke ontwikkeling over. Het ware doel (<a href="/wiki/Zelfverwerkelijking" title="Zelfverwerkelijking">zelf-realisatie</a>, het bereiken van <i><a href="/wiki/Kaivalya" title="Kaivalya">kaivalya</a></i>, bevrijding) en de techniek van yoga wordt dan verkeerd voorgesteld.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschriften">Geschriften</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschriften" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschriften"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Het zesde hoofdstuk van de <i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i> (een boek uit de <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i>, vermoedelijk uit de 3e eeuw v.Chr.) is voor velen de belangrijkste tekst over yoga. In dit hoofdstuk wordt de held-krijger <a href="/wiki/Arjoena" class="mw-redirect" title="Arjoena">Arjoena</a> door zijn wagenmenner – die zich aan hem heeft geopenbaard als de god <a href="/wiki/Krishna_(god)" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishna (god)">Krishna</a> – aangespoord om de koninklijke weg van de yoga te gaan. </p><p>Als het klassieke standaardwerk over yoga geldt echter de <i><a href="/wiki/Yogasoetra%27s" title="Yogasoetra's">Yogasoetra's</a></i> van <a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a>, die het niveau van de yogatechniek verhoogde en, hoewel hij vooral de praktijk behandelde, daaraan een metafysische grondslag gaf. De yoga, die zich theoretisch sterk op de <i><a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">samkhya</a></i> oriënteerde, werd nu een eigen filosofische richting, ofwel een <i>darsana</i>. </p><p>Van het werk van Srila Vyasadeva wordt gezegd dat het in staat zou stellen om de materiële toestand te verlaten en op te gaan in eeuwige spirituele existentie samen met de ziel als persoonlijkheid. Het werk van Srila Vyasadeva onderscheidt zich in die zin, dat de lezer van zijn boeken informatie krijgt over de persoonlijke aspecten en kwaliteiten van de Heer, waardoor opgestegen kan worden tot de, volgens de <i><a href="/wiki/Veda%27s" title="Veda's">Veda's</a></i>, hoogste realisatie binnen het beoefenen van spirituele activiteiten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yoga_en_religies">Yoga en religies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Yoga en religies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Yoga en religies"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Boeddha" title="Gautama Boeddha">Boeddha</a> wordt vaak de <i>mahayogi</i>, de grote yogi, genoemd. Het <a href="/wiki/Maya_(begrip)" title="Maya (begrip)">maya</a> leert een opklimmende reeks van meditaties en contemplaties, die de samadhi, de mystieke, visionaire extase, waarin men het <a href="/wiki/Nirwana" title="Nirwana">Nirvana</a> (zonder woud, van <i>nir</i> zonder en <i>vana</i> woud) ervaart. </p><p>Verder schreef <a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Paramahansa Yogananda</a> in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Autobiografie_van_een_yogi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autobiografie van een yogi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Autobiografie van een yogi</a></i> over de verbondenheid van de tot stof verblijvende <a href="/wiki/Mahavatar_Babaji" title="Mahavatar Babaji">Mahavatar Babaji</a>, die samen met <a href="/wiki/Jezus_(traditioneel-christelijk)" title="Jezus (traditioneel-christelijk)">Jezus Christus</a> samenwerkte aan de omzetting van het goddelijke plan voor de aarde in dit tijdperk. Hun opdracht zou eruit bestaan <a href="/wiki/Natie" title="Natie">naties</a> te inspireren <a href="/wiki/Oorlog" title="Oorlog">oorlogen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Racisme" title="Racisme">racisme</a>, religieus <a href="/wiki/Sekte" title="Sekte">sektarisme</a> en <a href="/wiki/Materialisme_(filosofie)" title="Materialisme (filosofie)">materialisme</a> op te geven.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Waar Krishna bekendstaat als gopi-vandana, de lieveling van zijn dienaressen, die altijd ergens in het woud is te vinden, is de onpersoonlijke gloed (ook wel brahma-jyoti genoemd) een afgeleide vorm van bewustwording aangaande de Absolute Persoon. </p><p>De religieuze aspecten van yoga vormen in de sinds de in de jaren zeventig ontstane dialoog tussen <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christelijke</a> <a href="/wiki/Theologie" title="Theologie">theologie</a> en <a href="/wiki/Indiakunde" title="Indiakunde">Indiakunde</a> een belangrijk thema. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vier_hoofdstelsels">Vier hoofdstelsels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Vier hoofdstelsels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Vier hoofdstelsels"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <i><a href="/wiki/Yogasoetra%27s" title="Yogasoetra's">Yogasoetra's</a></i> van <a href="/wiki/Patanjali" title="Patanjali">Patanjali</a> beschrijven de <i><a href="/wiki/Raja-yoga" title="Raja-yoga">raja-yoga</a></i>, waarvan de <i><a href="/wiki/Hatha-yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha-yoga">hatha-yoga</a></i> de basis vormt. Traditiegetrouw houdt men vier hoofdstelsels van de yoga aan:<sup id="cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lysebeth-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B1%C4%81na-yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Jñāna-yoga">Jñāna-yoga</a></i>: de yoga van onderzoek langs de weg van het intellect, voortgezet tot voorbij de gebruikelijke mentale begrenzing;<sup id="cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lysebeth-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhakti-yoga" title="Bhakti-yoga">Bhakti-yoga</a></i>: de yoga van liefde en toewijding voor God, de Allerhoogste, hetzij door een voorstelling van het goddelijke door een object of door een persoon in wie men het goddelijke ziet;<sup id="cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lysebeth-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Raja-yoga" title="Raja-yoga">Raja-yoga</a></i>: de yoga van de naar binnen gerichte concentratie;<sup id="cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lysebeth-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Karma-yoga" title="Karma-yoga">Karma-yoga</a></i>: de yoga van handeling zonder gehechtheid en zonder eigen belang. Deze yoga wordt in de praktijk vaak gecombineerd met <a href="/wiki/Bhakti-yoga" title="Bhakti-yoga">bhakti-yoga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lysebeth-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="De_acht_geledingen_van_raja-yoga">De acht geledingen van <i>raja-yoga</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: De acht geledingen van raja-yoga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: De acht geledingen van raja-yoga"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De acht geledingen (<i>ashtanga</i>) van <i>raja-yoga</i> worden beschreven in de tweede <i>pada</i> van de <i>Yogasoetra's</i>. Het betreft de volgende niveaus: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yama_(yoga)" title="Yama (yoga)">Yama</a></i> verwijst naar de vijf onthoudingen <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></i>: geweldloosheid</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></i>: waarheid</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asteya" title="Asteya">Asteya</a></i>: niet stelen</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></i>: kuisheid</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aparigraha" title="Aparigraha">Aparigraha</a></i>: afzien van bezittingen</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Niyama" title="Niyama">Niyama</a></i> verwijst naar de vijf voorschriften <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shaucha" title="Shaucha">Shaucha</a></i>: lichamelijke reinheid</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Santosha" title="Santosha">Santosha</a></i>: bron van de allerhoogste vreugde</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(Sanskriet)" title="Tapas (Sanskriet)">Tapas</a></i>: brandende ijver</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Svadhyaya" title="Svadhyaya">Svadhyaya</a></i>: zelfbeschouwing</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ishvarapranidhana" title="Ishvarapranidhana">Ishvarapranidhana</a></i>: overgave tot de aanbidding van <a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">Asana</a></i>: lichamelijke oefening</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pranayama" title="Pranayama">Pranayama</a></i>: ademhaling</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pratyahara" title="Pratyahara">Pratyahara</a></i>: terugtrekking in de zintuigen</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dharana" title="Dharana">Dharana</a></i>: concentratie</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhyana" title="Dhyana">Dhyana</a></i>: meditatie</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Samadhi_(yoga)" title="Samadhi (yoga)">Samadhi</a></i>: volledige overgave /integratie</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fysieke_vormen_van_yoga">Fysieke vormen van yoga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Fysieke vormen van yoga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Fysieke vormen van yoga"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In het westen is er pas een beduidende aandacht voor de beoefening van yoga sinds de laatste helft van de twintigste eeuw. Meestal gaat het daarbij om ontspanningsoefeningen uit de <i>hatha-yoga</i>, die als heilzaam worden ervaren bij door een jachtig leven opgebouwde spanningen. De hoofdvorm van de fysieke yoga is <i>hatha-yoga</i> die voor het eerst ruim gedocumenteerd werd in de <i><a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga_Pradipika" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha Yoga Pradipika">Hatha Yoga Pradipika</a></i> in de 15e eeuw n.Chr. In het westen wordt yoga gezien als bevorderlijk voor de gezondheid en wordt het vaak zonder religieuze bedoelingen beoefend. Wetenschappelijk is de yoga-ademhaling onder andere onderzocht aan het Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. Hieruit bleek dat de yoga-ademhaling een methode is die het autonome zenuwstelsel in balans brengt; ze bleek psychologische en stressgerelateerde klachten te beïnvloeden. De onderzoekers richtten zich op technieken uit de <i>sudarshan kriya</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hatha-yoga bestaat grotendeels uit <a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">asana's</a> (lichaamshoudingen) en <a href="/wiki/Pranayama" title="Pranayama">pranayama</a> (ademhalingstechnieken). De <i>hatha-yoga</i> vormt de basis voor veel andere, verder ontwikkelde soorten fysieke yoga. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Ashtanga_vinyasa_yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashtanga vinyasa yoga">Ashtanga vinyasa yoga</a></i> en het vergelijkbare poweryoga zijn eveneens fysieke yogasoorten, waarbij verschillende lichaamsposities elkaar in <a href="/wiki/Yogaserie" title="Yogaserie">yogaseries</a> opvolgen. Dit wordt bij deze yoga's een <i>flow</i> genoemd. Deze yogavormen vragen meer kracht, uithoudingsvermogen en balans. Andere soorten yoga die teruggaan op de basis van hatha-yoga zijn: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iyengar-yoga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iyengar-yoga (de pagina bestaat niet)">iyengar-yoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sivananda-yoga" title="Sivananda-yoga">sivananda-yoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bikram-yoga" title="Bikram-yoga">bikram-yoga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anusara-yoga" title="Anusara-yoga">anusara-yoga</a> en de yogaleer van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indra_Devi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indra Devi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Indra Devi</a>. Verder hebben <a href="/wiki/Pilates" title="Pilates">Pilates</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Vijf_Tibetanen" title="Vijf Tibetanen">Vijf Tibetanen</a> verwantschap met <i>hatha-yoga</i>. </p><p><i>Natya-yoga</i> is de weg van <i>bhakti-yoga</i> en <i>hatha-yoga</i>. Deze yogasoort wordt dansend uitgevoerd en wordt daarom ook wel <i>dansyoga</i> genoemd. </p><p>Een in de VS populaire, hoofdzakelijk op mannen gerichte vorm van yoga is <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Broga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Broga (de pagina bestaat niet)">broga</a></i>, afgeleid van het Engelse <b>bro</b>ther yo<b>ga</b>. Het werd in 2009 ontwikkeld door Robert Sidoti en legt vooral de nadruk op lichamelijke kracht, atletisch vermogen en soepelheid.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Al verscheidene jaren is yoga speciaal voor kinderen in opkomst, de zogenaamde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kinderyoga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kinderyoga (de pagina bestaat niet)">kinderyoga</a>, hier leren kinderen onder andere beter met stress om te gaan, zonder prestatiedruk.<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 09 september 2018 een bronvermelding gewenst. Motivering: Graag een bron waaruit blijkt dat onderzocht is dat de yoga niet juist een stress- en prestatiefactor is voor kinderen. graag een betere tijdsaanduiding">[bron?]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Andere_yogasoorten">Andere yogasoorten</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Andere yogasoorten" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Andere yogasoorten"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Chakra-yoga</i> is een spirituele benadering van de energievelden in het lichaam, <a href="/wiki/Chakra" title="Chakra">chakra's</a> genoemd. Volgens deze filosofie kent elk menselijk lichaam zeven zogenoemde <i>energieke lichamelijke wielen</i>. Deze wielen zouden in een snel tempo ronddraaien en de levensenergie door het lichaam heen laten gaan. </p><p>De <i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_nidra" title="Yoga nidra">yoga nidra</a></i> (slaap van de yogi's') is een geestelijke voorbereiding op de beoefening van yoga en yogamethode op zich. <a href="/wiki/Tantra_(yoga)" title="Tantra (yoga)">Tantra's</a> zijn mystieke spreuken die deel uitmaken van de <i>tantra-yoga</i>, ook wel tantrische yoga. De <i><a href="/wiki/Mantra-yoga" title="Mantra-yoga">mantra-yoga</a></i> is eveneens op mystieke spreuken en geluidsvibraties gebaseerd, <a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">mantra's</a> genoemd. </p><p><i>Vishna's</i> zijn yogahoudingen die onder andere toegepast worden binnen de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kum_nye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kum nye (de pagina bestaat niet)">kum nye</a></i>.<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 21 september 2011 een bronvermelding gewenst.">[bron?]</span></a></sup> Hier gaan ze ervan uit dat wanneer een persoon volledig in balans is, hij deze <i>vishna</i>-oefeningen moeiteloos moet kunnen uitvoeren. Het fysieke lichaam wordt gezien als klankbord voor het energetische lichaam en als daar een blokkade huist, dan kan het fysieke lichaam deze oefening niet aan. Vaak worden de <i>vishna's</i> gebruikt als examenmomenten voor leerlingen in opleiding. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Kundalini-yoga" title="Kundalini-yoga">Kundalini-yoga</a></i> is erop gebaseerd de psychische kracht, ook wel de goddelijke kracht (<i>slangenkracht</i>: <i><a href="/wiki/Kundalini" title="Kundalini">kundalini</a></i>) in het lichaam op te wekken en deze te laten opstijgen, en zo de verlossing te realiseren. Deze methode verlangt controle over de automatisch verlopende lichaamsprocessen. </p><p>Andere vormen en soorten van yoga zijn: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karma-yoga" title="Karma-yoga">boeddhi-yoga</a> (de weg van intelligentie)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daoyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Daoyin">Daoyin</a>, een yogasoort uit <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> gebaseerd op het <a href="/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsme" title="Taoïsme">daoïsme</a> en <a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dru-yoga" title="Dru-yoga">dru-yoga</a> (volledige integratie van yoga, gezondheid en innerlijke kracht)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Integrale_yoga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Integrale yoga (de pagina bestaat niet)">integrale yoga</a> op basis van de leer van <a href="/wiki/Sri" title="Sri">Sri</a> <a href="/wiki/Aurobindo" title="Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriya-yoga" title="Kriya-yoga">kriya-yoga</a> (de weg van de handeling)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Okido-yoga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Okido-yoga (de pagina bestaat niet)">okido-yoga</a> (uit Japan van meester Masahiro Oki biedt levenskracht door goede houding en ademhaling)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahaja-yoga" title="Sahaja-yoga">sahaja-yoga</a> (georganiseerde yogavorm, verwant aan het <a href="/wiki/Shaktisme" title="Shaktisme">shaktisme</a>, met de nadruk op <a href="/wiki/Kundalini" title="Kundalini">kundaliniontwaking</a> door <a href="/wiki/Nirmala_Srivastava" title="Nirmala Srivastava">Nirmala Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyananda-yoga" title="Satyananda-yoga">satyananda-yoga</a> een integraal soort yoga op basis van de leer van <a href="/wiki/Swami" title="Swami">Swami</a> <a href="/wiki/Satyananda_Saraswati" title="Satyananda Saraswati">Satyananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin-yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Yin-yoga">Yin-yoga</a> een rustigere, gevorderde vorm met het langer vasthouden van asana's door <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulie_Zink&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulie Zink (de pagina bestaat niet)">Paulie Zink</a>.</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_Flood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin Flood (de pagina bestaat niet)">Flood, G.</a></span> (1996): <i>An Introduction to Hinduism</i>, Cambridge University Press, p. 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LongmanDictionary1990-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-LongmanDictionary1990_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LongmanDictionary1990_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Longman (1990): <i>Dictionary of Contemporary Englisch</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=I.K._Taimni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I.K. Taimni (de pagina bestaat niet)">Taimni, I.K.</a></span> (1961): <i>De Yoga-Sutra's van Patanjali</i>, Nederlandse vertaling C. Keus, Uitgeverij der Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland, 2014, p.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lysebeth-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lysebeth_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Van_Lysebeth" title="André Van Lysebeth">Lysebeth, A. Van</a></span> (1974): <i>Yoga. Doen en begrijpen</i> Uitgeverij Ankh-Hermes</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Taimni, I.K., <i>De Yoga-sutra's van Patanjali</i>, p. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Taimni, <i>De Yoga-Sutra's van Patanjali</i>, p. X</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Paramahansa Yogananda</a> (1946): <i>Autobiografie van een Yogi</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFBrown_RP,_Gerbarg_PL.2005"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Brown RP, Gerbarg PL.</span> (2005). <cite>Sudarshan Kriya Yogic breathing in the treatment of stress, anxiety, and depression. Part II--clinical applications and guidelines</cite>. <i>J Altern Complement Med.</i> <b>11</b> (4): 711-7. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16131297">16131297</a>. </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151122235323/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/04/27/us-fitness-broga-idUSKBN0NI0LS20150427">Dorene Internicola, Broga yoga for men: more macho, less mantra, New York, 27 april 2015</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <div class="interProject wiktionary mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/yoga" class="extiw" title="wikt:yoga">WikiWoordenboek</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Wiktionary-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></div> <div>Zoek <i><b><a href="https://nl.wiktionary.org/wiki/yoga" class="extiw" title="wikt:yoga">yoga</a></b></i> op in het <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">WikiWoordenboek</a>.</div> </div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yoga#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Yoga">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div 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tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b><a href="/wiki/Shruti" title="Shruti">Shruti</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts">Vier <i><a href="/wiki/Veda%27s" title="Veda's">Veda's</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Samaveda" title="Samaveda">Samaveda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Yajoerveda" title="Yajoerveda">Yajoerveda</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a></i>), elk onderverdeeld in <i><a href="/wiki/Samhita" title="Samhita">samhita's</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Brahmana_(geschrift)" title="Brahmana (geschrift)">brahmana's</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aranyaka" title="Aranyaka">aranyaka's</a></i> en <i><a href="/wiki/Upanishad" title="Upanishad">upanishads</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Smriti" title="Smriti">Smriti</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><i><a href="/wiki/Vedanga" title="Vedanga">Vedanga's</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Itihasa" title="Itihasa">Itihasa</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i> en <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i>) · <i><a href="/wiki/Purana%27s" title="Purana's">Purana's</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kavya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kavya (de pagina bestaat niet)">Kavya</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Bhashya" title="Bhashya">Bhashya's</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Dharmasoetra" title="Dharmasoetra">Dharmasoetra's</a></i> · <i><a href="/wiki/Dharmashastra" title="Dharmashastra">Dharmashastra</a></i> · <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nibandha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nibandha (de pagina bestaat niet)">Nibandha's</a></i></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Concepten:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Varna_(groep)" title="Varna (groep)">Varna</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ashrama" title="Ashrama">Ashrama</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brahman_(filosofisch_concept)" title="Brahman (filosofisch concept)">Brahman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Atman_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Atman (hindoeïsme)">Atman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">Samsara</a> · <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a> · <a href="/wiki/Purushartha" title="Purushartha">Purushartha</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dharma_(hindoe%C3%AFsme)" title="Dharma (hindoeïsme)">dharma</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Artha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artha (de pagina bestaat niet)">artha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kama_(filosofie)" title="Kama (filosofie)">kama</a> en <a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">moksa</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Purusa" title="Purusa">Purusa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Prakrti" title="Prakrti">Prakrti</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFstische_filosofie" title="Hindoeïstische filosofie">Filosofische scholen</a>:</b></span></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Nyaya" title="Nyaya">Nyaya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vaisheshika" title="Vaisheshika">Vaisheshika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Samkhya" title="Samkhya">Samkhya</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yoga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mimamsa" title="Mimamsa">Mimamsa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Stromingen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavisme" title="Vaishnavisme">Vaishnavisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Shaivisme" title="Shaivisme">Shaivisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Shaktisme" title="Shaktisme">Shaktisme</a> · <a href="/wiki/Smartisme" title="Smartisme">Smartisme</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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