CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <title>Citation Search | UW-Madison Libraries</title> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"6a5c899772","applicationID":"275565816","transactionName":"dltcQ0dfXVQARhhDU1JRQRhWWUVZEV1YXW1GUVNFVlg=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":10,"agent":""}</script> <script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"6a5c899772",applicationID:"275565816"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://web.library.wisc.edu/a/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://web.library.wisc.edu/a/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://web.library.wisc.edu/a/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="https://web.library.wisc.edu/a/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#c5050c"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#333333"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <link rel="stylesheet" crossorigin href="https://cdn.wisc.cloud/fonts/uw-rh/fonts-woff2.0.0.1.css"> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/application-cc7458e924aaeb5d8fef5fddfbdc78e07da2030bceba894a671222bc9b2bd854.css" media="all" /> <script src="https://cdn.wisc.cloud/cookie-consent/uwcookieconsent.min.js"></script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="yxqRQPcj400g-qIzUz9fI31VE67l44D_uAVflfWcdvWSaqUAj7vsiog-j2WVSVOMLUSXKhgrexjlMXS1de_KAQ" /> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js" integrity="sha256-ZosEbRLbNQzLpnKIkEdrPv7lOy9C27hHQ+Xp8a4MxAQ=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script type="importmap" data-turbo-track="reload">{ "imports": { "application": "/assets/application-e7bf8005634096686fe093fc42fbfe5241a0f5619aa6766d1409aba64ca8761c.js", "@hotwired/turbo-rails": "/assets/turbo.min-4cfe7c6aaeb9120821760aa53763dff54fbc561e500da6482fc43c54c7384929.js", "jquery_ujs": "/assets/jquery_ujs-1f3b08afef1fcb87424def69d9a1e6b668e3aa1a6c0dfa55d0b9380633eea35b.js", "global": "https://web.lib.wisc.edu/globaljs/global-2.0.4.min.js", "local/alerts": "/assets/local/alerts-82b94333ba4046762eb295ed114b01960bf67b14476acb4cbdc794e723e613b2.js", "local/custom_forms": "/assets/local/custom_forms-494e9b2adc3aa5dbb26ed90aad5eb13e630cd5aa55b34c474c17da1b9e742022.js", "local/datepicker": "/assets/local/datepicker-bcb9eff09806ca9f140b4d91deea52fd60dbb1c2627c44a8605dde9b85196a27.js", "local/directory": "/assets/local/directory-93045271fabbcab8d28e63365729679931c1f1e23ea7377a132512ef5a3e1c3f.js", "local/flickr": "/assets/local/flickr-cece869ab2e06db138cc6c63e8b1e45e71f038c130fd175ff563dfd84751f671.js", "local/gallery": "/assets/local/gallery-28b3ace371c430996bc33090a13be7f18ca13f47be3f704bea41188853f525a7.js", "local/initiative": "/assets/local/initiative-f47a24de3ff7344b2860a49a81673096f5c7a6706397d93f8c998fa732c6495f.js", "local/locations": "/assets/local/locations-36f5fcf1487ae2de74a3e57d48f285a2741527fe17201ca38efc402dd540213e.js", "local/main": "/assets/local/main-5257ac5db90575e7680b40b41c8ff177d3343d9503a03161e5d0079ad88e9495.js", "local/search": "/assets/local/search-0fdcbae479390e54542338c5fe2c7520bd299a7c07e345e96f22081356f7905a.js", "local/subject_librarians": "/assets/local/subject_librarians-33406dea3e29c5b30483d517165c790a07dec0e56f16d60bd71a90e3be6e672a.js" } }</script> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/application-e7bf8005634096686fe093fc42fbfe5241a0f5619aa6766d1409aba64ca8761c.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/turbo.min-4cfe7c6aaeb9120821760aa53763dff54fbc561e500da6482fc43c54c7384929.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/jquery_ujs-1f3b08afef1fcb87424def69d9a1e6b668e3aa1a6c0dfa55d0b9380633eea35b.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="https://web.lib.wisc.edu/globaljs/global-2.0.4.min.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/alerts-82b94333ba4046762eb295ed114b01960bf67b14476acb4cbdc794e723e613b2.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/custom_forms-494e9b2adc3aa5dbb26ed90aad5eb13e630cd5aa55b34c474c17da1b9e742022.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/datepicker-bcb9eff09806ca9f140b4d91deea52fd60dbb1c2627c44a8605dde9b85196a27.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/directory-93045271fabbcab8d28e63365729679931c1f1e23ea7377a132512ef5a3e1c3f.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/flickr-cece869ab2e06db138cc6c63e8b1e45e71f038c130fd175ff563dfd84751f671.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/gallery-28b3ace371c430996bc33090a13be7f18ca13f47be3f704bea41188853f525a7.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/initiative-f47a24de3ff7344b2860a49a81673096f5c7a6706397d93f8c998fa732c6495f.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/locations-36f5fcf1487ae2de74a3e57d48f285a2741527fe17201ca38efc402dd540213e.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/main-5257ac5db90575e7680b40b41c8ff177d3343d9503a03161e5d0079ad88e9495.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/search-0fdcbae479390e54542338c5fe2c7520bd299a7c07e345e96f22081356f7905a.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local/subject_librarians-33406dea3e29c5b30483d517165c790a07dec0e56f16d60bd71a90e3be6e672a.js"> <script type="module">import "application"</script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-SR94828WZQ"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-SR94828WZQ', {'cookie_domain': 'library.wisc.edu'}); </script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lightgallery/2.7.2/css/lightgallery-bundle.min.css"> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lightgallery/2.7.2/lightgallery.umd.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lightgallery/2.7.2/plugins/relativeCaption/lg-relative-caption.umd.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lightgallery/2.7.2/plugins/rotate/lg-rotate.umd.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lightgallery/2.7.2/plugins/share/lg-share.umd.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lightgallery/2.7.2/plugins/thumbnail/lg-thumbnail.umd.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/lightgallery/2.7.2/plugins/zoom/lg-zoom.umd.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/datedreamer/0.2.1/datedreamer.min.js"></script> <script src="/assets/jquery.datatables.min-74487ab26d7c6491caf43a9998163076aaaf45960d18b108f31ae1a950df5346.js"></script> <script src="/assets/tables-693e6c807a7feeaf2c1491d5bc7955ed2b6e71709734584c7720a00d574705db.js"></script> <script src="/assets/flickity-341af25e01bf0cc2c08246b3b3d1a05c11969fe28e44513252c3024ac0087521.js"></script> <script src="/assets/lightbox-gutenberg-670e7ebc0dc40d1b9311416ceb33e94dde13f5872dfe8c29218ae917f7687516.js"></script> <script src="/assets/lightbox-1d1bb73966c6565cef3bc9570bbe9d8d54f3e5b8bc381e8b7f95598c971dd71e.js"></script> <script src="/assets/masonry-c748c8a377d2c43e3fa70819bf4e0a49c2f1a348d79709aefb3753cd4141c085.js"></script> </head> <body class="wisc"> <div id="dialog_overlay"></div> <div id="mobile_nav" role="navigation" aria-hidden="false"> <h1>UW-Madison Libraries</h1> <nav> <ul> <li><a href="/find/">Find</a></li> <li><a href="/locations/">Locations</a></li> <li><a href="/borrow-request/">Borrow</a></li> <li><a href="/research-support/">Research Support</a></li> <li><a href="/instruction-support/">Instruction Support</a></li> <li><a href="/people/">People</a></li> <li><a href="/about/">About</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/help/ask/">ASK</a></li> <li> <a href="https://account.library.wisc.edu/">Accounts & Lists</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/">UW–Madison Libraries</a> </li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/giving/">Give</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/search/">Website Search</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="menu_ask"> <section class="ask_card"> <button class="ask_close" type="button"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>close</span></button> <h1 aria-label="Ask a Librarian"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 396.309 95.922"><path fill="#5598D1" d="M106.307 46.582a1.96 1.96 0 1 1-1.96-1.96 1.962 1.962 0 0 1 1.96 1.96z"/><path fill="#5598D1" d="M101.629 33.87v-31s.24-2.87 2.87-2.87h47.13s2.666-.129 2.666 3.037V32.87s.333 3.5-2.833 3.5h-24.667l-21.333 11.834-2.667-2.834 7-9h-5.5s-2.666-.167-2.666-2.5z"/><path fill="#7AAFDB" d="M119.772 17.669a3.951 3.951 0 1 1-3.951-3.951 3.952 3.952 0 0 1 3.951 3.951zm12.062 0a3.951 3.951 0 1 1-3.951-3.951 3.952 3.952 0 0 1 3.951 3.951z"/><circle fill="#7AAFDB" cx="140.109" cy="17.67" r="3.951"/><path fill="#5598D1" d="M159.5 53.414a1.587 1.587 0 1 0 1.619-1.555h-.033a1.572 1.572 0 0 0-1.586 1.555z"/><path fill="#5598D1" d="M160.964 16.455h-4.874v18.3s.341 3.5-2.9 3.5h-25.255l-7.284 3.947v.328s-.269 2.777 2.294 2.777h19.969l17.27 9.389 2.159-2.248-5.671-7.138h4.453s2.158-.132 2.158-1.983v-24.6s-.19-2.272-2.319-2.272z"/><path d="M.635 75.834h.924c.981 0 1.443-.231 1.79-1.271l12.18-33.307h7.908l12.122 33.307c.346 1.039.808 1.271 1.79 1.271h.923v6.407H33.77c-2.886 0-3.925-.75-4.849-3.348l-2.54-7.158H12.526l-2.54 7.158c-.924 2.598-1.905 3.348-4.791 3.348H.635v-6.407zm24.013-10.333l-3.521-10.274c-.75-2.251-1.616-6.119-1.616-6.119h-.115s-.866 3.868-1.617 6.119l-3.521 10.274h10.39zM43.809 72.89s3.752 4.329 8.774 4.329c2.251 0 3.983-.923 3.983-2.886 0-4.156-15.528-4.099-15.528-13.623 0-5.888 5.311-8.601 11.429-8.601 3.983 0 10.333 1.327 10.333 6.118v3.06h-6.465v-1.442c0-1.386-2.078-2.078-3.694-2.078-2.598 0-4.387.923-4.387 2.655 0 4.617 15.644 3.694 15.644 13.507 0 5.542-4.907 9.005-11.314 9.005-8.082 0-12.238-5.253-12.238-5.253l3.463-4.791zM70.473 48.762c0-.866-.461-1.271-1.27-1.271h-2.309v-6.234h6.984c2.713 0 3.925.636 3.925 3.349v18.587h2.193c.924 0 2.136-.173 2.771-1.097l6.003-9.294h8.139l-7.446 11.083c-1.27 1.848-2.193 2.31-2.193 2.31v.115s1.039.404 2.078 2.309l3.348 6.35c.461.866 1.039 1.097 2.424 1.097h1.962v6.177h-5.426c-2.482 0-3.464-.404-4.618-2.54l-4.907-9.235c-.577-1.039-1.789-1.097-2.713-1.097h-1.616v12.872h-7.331V48.762h.002z"/><g><path d="M136.526 64.348h1.616v-.347c0-6.061-2.193-8.196-7.504-8.196-1.443 0-5.657.404-5.657 2.54v1.847h-3.752v-2.771c0-4.041 6.927-4.906 9.467-4.906 9.178 0 11.372 4.906 11.372 11.141v13.911c0 .866.462 1.271 1.27 1.271h2.424v3.405h-3.983c-2.482 0-3.463-1.097-3.463-3.464 0-1.27.058-2.136.058-2.136h-.115c.058 0-2.367 6.292-9.64 6.292-4.849 0-9.871-2.828-9.871-8.601-.001-9.64 12.756-9.986 17.778-9.986zm-7.273 15.239c5.542 0 8.889-5.772 8.889-10.794v-1.328h-1.674c-4.56 0-13.681.115-13.681 6.639.001 2.712 2.136 5.483 6.466 5.483z"/></g><g><path d="M170.948 46.511c0-.865-.461-1.27-1.27-1.27h-2.482v-3.579h4.271c2.482 0 3.521 1.039 3.521 3.521v32.21c0 .865.461 1.27 1.27 1.27h13.449c.809 0 1.27-.404 1.27-1.27V74.68h3.81v4.04c0 2.482-1.039 3.521-3.521 3.521H174.47c-2.482 0-3.521-1.039-3.521-3.521V46.511h-.001zM200.673 57.883c0-.809-.462-1.271-1.271-1.271h-2.424v-3.405h4.099c2.481 0 3.521 1.039 3.521 3.521v20.838c0 .866.463 1.271 1.271 1.271h2.425v3.405h-4.1c-2.481 0-3.521-1.039-3.521-3.521V57.883zm-.115-16.221h3.81v4.965h-3.81v-4.965zM214.697 46.338c0-.809-.461-1.27-1.27-1.27h-2.424v-3.406h4.098c2.482 0 3.521 1.039 3.521 3.521v10.506c0 1.327-.115 2.366-.115 2.366h.115s2.424-5.541 9.871-5.541c7.793 0 12.642 6.233 12.642 15.239 0 9.178-5.483 15.181-13.104 15.181-6.927 0-9.524-5.599-9.524-5.599h-.115s.115.981.115 2.366v2.54h-3.811V46.338h.001zm13.047 33.134c5.137 0 9.351-4.329 9.351-11.718 0-7.101-3.81-11.661-9.179-11.661-4.848 0-9.408 3.464-9.408 11.719 0 5.83 3.002 11.66 9.236 11.66zM248.578 57.883c0-.809-.461-1.271-1.27-1.271h-2.424v-3.405h4.04c2.425 0 3.521.981 3.521 3.29v1.963c0 1.212-.116 2.193-.116 2.193h.116c1.386-4.387 4.618-7.735 9.178-7.735.809 0 1.559.174 1.559.174v3.867s-.692-.115-1.442-.115c-4.1 0-7.158 3.232-8.428 7.504-.578 1.848-.809 3.81-.809 5.657v12.237h-3.926V57.883h.001zM282.635 64.348h1.615v-.347c0-6.061-2.193-8.196-7.504-8.196-1.443 0-5.656.404-5.656 2.54v1.847h-3.752v-2.771c0-4.041 6.926-4.906 9.467-4.906 9.178 0 11.371 4.906 11.371 11.141v13.911c0 .866.462 1.271 1.27 1.271h2.425v3.405h-3.983c-2.481 0-3.463-1.097-3.463-3.464 0-1.27.058-2.136.058-2.136h-.115c.058 0-2.366 6.292-9.64 6.292-4.85 0-9.871-2.828-9.871-8.601-.002-9.64 12.755-9.986 17.778-9.986zm-7.274 15.239c5.541 0 8.889-5.772 8.889-10.794v-1.328h-1.674c-4.56 0-13.68.115-13.68 6.639 0 2.712 2.135 5.483 6.465 5.483zM298.101 57.883c0-.809-.462-1.271-1.271-1.271h-2.424v-3.405h4.041c2.424 0 3.521.981 3.521 3.29v1.963c0 1.212-.116 2.193-.116 2.193h.116c1.385-4.387 4.617-7.735 9.178-7.735.809 0 1.559.174 1.559.174v3.867s-.693-.115-1.443-.115c-4.099 0-7.158 3.232-8.428 7.504-.577 1.848-.809 3.81-.809 5.657v12.237H298.1V57.883h.001zM319.283 57.883c0-.809-.462-1.271-1.27-1.271h-2.425v-3.405h4.099c2.482 0 3.521 1.039 3.521 3.521v20.838c0 .866.461 1.271 1.27 1.271h2.424v3.405h-4.098c-2.482 0-3.521-1.039-3.521-3.521V57.883zm-.115-16.221h3.81v4.965h-3.81v-4.965zM348.547 64.348h1.616v-.347c0-6.061-2.193-8.196-7.504-8.196-1.443 0-5.657.404-5.657 2.54v1.847h-3.752v-2.771c0-4.041 6.927-4.906 9.467-4.906 9.178 0 11.371 4.906 11.371 11.141v13.911c0 .866.463 1.271 1.271 1.271h2.425v3.405H353.8c-2.481 0-3.464-1.097-3.464-3.464 0-1.27.059-2.136.059-2.136h-.115c.057 0-2.367 6.292-9.641 6.292-4.849 0-9.871-2.828-9.871-8.601 0-9.64 12.757-9.986 17.779-9.986zm-7.274 15.239c5.542 0 8.89-5.772 8.89-10.794v-1.328h-1.674c-4.56 0-13.681.115-13.681 6.639.001 2.712 2.136 5.483 6.465 5.483zM364.014 57.883c0-.809-.462-1.271-1.27-1.271h-2.425v-3.405h4.04c2.426 0 3.521 1.039 3.521 3.232v1.328c0 1.154-.115 2.078-.115 2.078h.115c1.039-2.655 4.734-7.331 11.545-7.331 7.216 0 9.756 4.098 9.756 11.256v13.796c0 .866.461 1.271 1.27 1.271h2.424v3.405h-4.098c-2.482 0-3.52-1.039-3.52-3.521V64.81c0-4.561-.693-8.601-6.292-8.601-4.965 0-9.236 3.405-10.564 8.196-.346 1.212-.46 2.54-.46 3.926v13.911h-3.927V57.883z"/></g></svg></h1> <div class="chat-options"> <div class="chat-hours"> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>schedule</span> <p>Next available on Friday 9 a.m.–5 p.m.</p> </div> <button type="button" class="ask-chat-link red" data-account="askuwlibrary" data-skin="134" disabled> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>chat_bubble</span> Chat with a Librarian </button> <div class="ask-options"> <h2>Additional Options</h2> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/ask/call/"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>smartphone</span> Call / Text</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/ask/appointment/"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>voice_chat</span> Consultation Appointment</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/locations/"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>place</span> Visit</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/ask/email/?rfr_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.library.wisc.edu%2Fcitation-search%2F"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>email</span> Email</a></li> </ul> <div class="accordion nostore"> <div class="accordion-block show-none inline"> <div> <h3 class="acc-title"> <button type="button" aria-expanded="false" class="chat-with-specific-library accordion-trigger" aria-controls="chat-options" id="chat-options-label" rel="nofollow"> <span class="accordion-title">Chat with a Specific library<span class="accordion-icon"></span></span> </button> </h3> <div id="chat-options" role="region" aria-labelledby="chat-options-label" class="accordion-panel" hidden> <div> <ul class="chat_list"> <li> <a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/college/">College Library <span class="library-desc">(Undergraduate)</span></a> <button type="button" class="ask-chat-extra-link" aria-label="Chat with a College Library Librarian" data-account="askcollegelibrary" data-skin="140" disabled> Offline </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://ebling.library.wisc.edu/">Ebling Library <span class="library-desc">(Health Sciences)</span></a> <button type="button" class="ask-chat-extra-link" data-account="askeblinglibrary" aria-label="Chat with an Ebling Librarian" data-skin="12571" disabled> Offline </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://library.law.wisc.edu/">Law Library <span class="library-desc">(Law)</span></a> <button type="button" class="ask-chat-extra-link" data-account="asklawlibrary" aria-label="Chat with a Law Librarian" data-skin="12132" disabled> Offline </button> </li> <li> <a href="https://merit.education.wisc.edu/library-portal/">MERIT Library <span class="library-desc">(Education)</span></a> <button type="button" class="ask-chat-extra-link" data-account="askmeritlibrary" aria-label="Chat with a MERIT Librarian" data-skin="12569" disabled> Offline </button> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="ask-additional"> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/ask/">Ask a Librarian Hours & Policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://learn.library.wisc.edu/library-research-tutorials/">Library Research Tutorials</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="menuaskbg"></div> </div> <div class="container"> <header> <div role="dialog" class="search_ui dialog light" id="dialog-search" aria-labelledby="dialog-search-title" aria-describedby="dialog-search-desc"> <div class="grid"> <h1 id="dialog-search-title" class="dialog_title search_title">Search <span class="the">the</span> <span class="for">for</span> <div class="bucket menu"> <button class="drop_menu" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" ><span class="drop-text">Website</span> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>expand_more</span></button> <ul class="submenu change" role="menu"> <li> <a href="#articles" data-value="article"> <span class="title">Articles</span> <span class="example">Find articles in journals, magazines, newspapers, and more</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#catalog" data-value="catalog"> <span class="title">Catalog</span> <span class="example">Explore books, music, movies, and more</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#database" data-value="database"> <span class="title">Databases</span> <span class="example">Locate databases by title and description</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#serial" data-value="serial"> <span class="title">Journals</span> <span class="example">Find journal titles</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="#digital" data-value="digital"> <span class="title">UWDC</span> <span class="example">Discover digital collections, images, sound recordings, and more</span> </a> </li> <li class="active"> <a href="#website" data-value="website"> <span class="title">Website</span> <span class="example">Find information on spaces, staff, services, and more</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </h1> <button type="button" class="dialog_close invert" aria-label="Close Dialog"> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>close</span> </button> <div class="dialog_content"> <div id="dialog-search-desc" role="search"> <div class="search_form_gl form_on simple_form" id="website_search_gl" aria-hidden="false"> <div class="search_actions"> <div class="main_search"> <h2><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>language</span> Website Search</h2> <p>Find information on spaces, staff, and services.</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://www.library.wisc.edu/search/" class="search_input" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" class="global_search" placeholder="Hours, locations, staff, and more" aria-label="Hours, locations, staff, and more" value="" name="q"> <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button> </form> </div> <div class="resources"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/ask/">ASK a Librarian</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/library-by-appointment/">Library by Appointment</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/locations/">Locations & Hours</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/subjects/">Resources by Subject</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search_form_gl" id="catalog_search_gl" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="search_actions"> <div class="main_search"> <h2><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>book</span> Catalog Search</h2> <p>Search the physical and online collections at UW-Madison, UW System libraries, and the Wisconsin Historical Society.</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/system" class="search_input" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <div class="select"> <select aria-label="Search Scope"> <option value="Keywords" data-label="Search by keywords" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/system">Keywords</option> <option value="Author" data-label="Search by author" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/system/author">Author</option> <option value="Title" data-label="Search by title" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/system/title">Title</option> <option value="Subjects" data-label="Search by subjects" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/system/subject">Subjects</option> </select> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>keyboard_arrow_down</span> </div> <input type="text" class="global_search" name="q" placeholder="Books, music, movies, and more" value="" aria-label="Search by keywords"> <ul class="checkbox"> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="filter[facets][mad_online_facet~true]" id="gl_limit_online" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_online">Available Online</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="filter[facets][physical_facet~true]" id="gl_limit_physical" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_physical">Print/Physical Items</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="gl_limit_to_campus" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_to_campus">Limit to UW-Madison</label> </li> </ul> <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button> </form> </div> <div class="resources"> <ul> <li><a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/system/advanced">Advanced Search</a></li> <li><a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/list/system/subjects">Browse by...</a></li> <li><a href="https://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.web/worldcat">WorldCat</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search_form_gl simple_form" id="database_search_gl" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="search_actions"> <div class="main_search"> <h2><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>collections_bookmark</span> Database Search</h2> <p>Find databases subscribed to by UW-Madison Libraries, searchable by title and description.</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/database" class="search_input" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" class="global_search" name="q" placeholder="Databases by title and description" value="" aria-label="Search by keywords"> <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button> </form> </div> <div class="resources"> <ul> <li><a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/database">Browse by Subject/Type</a></li> <li><a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/database#introductory">Introductory Databases</a></li> <li><a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/database#top10">Top 10 Databases</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search_form_gl" id="serial_search_gl" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="search_actions"> <div class="main_search"> <h2><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>article</span> Journal Search</h2> <p>Find journal titles available online and in print.</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/serials" class="search_input" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <div class="select"> <select aria-label="Search Scope"> <option value="Keywords" data-label="Search by keywords" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/serials">Keywords</option> <option value="Creator" data-label="Search by creator" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/serials/creator">Creator</option> <option value="ISSN" data-label="Search by ISSN" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/serials/issn">ISSN</option> <option value="Title" data-label="Search by title" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/serials/title">Title</option> <option value="Subjects" data-label="Search by subjects" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/serials/subject">Subjects</option> </select> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>keyboard_arrow_down</span> </div> <input type="text" class="global_search" name="q" placeholder="Journals by author, issn, title, or subject" value="" aria-label="Search by keywords"> <ul class="checkbox"> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="filter[facets][mad_online_facet~true]" id="gl_limit_serials_online" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_serials_online">Available Online</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="filter[facets][physical_facet~true]" id="gl_limit_serials_physical" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_serials_physical">Print/Physical Items</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="scope" id="gl_limit_serials_to_campus" value="campus"> <label for="gl_limit_serials_to_campus">Limit to UW-Madison</label> </li> </ul> <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button> </form> </div> <div class="resources"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/journal-browsing-options/">Browse by Subject / Title</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/browzine/">BrowZine</a></li> <li><a href="https://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.web/findit">Citation Search</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search_form_gl" id="article_search_gl" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="search_actions"> <div class="main_search"> <h2><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>description</span> Article Search</h2> <p>Find articles in journals, magazines, newspapers, and more.</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/articles" class="search_input" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <div class="select"> <select name="f0" id="gl_article_type" aria-label="Select how to search"> <option value="anywhere" selected="">Anywhere</option> <option value="title">Title</option> <option value="author">Author</option> <option value="subject">Subject</option> <option value="isbn">ISBN</option> <option value="issn">ISSN</option> </select> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>keyboard_arrow_down</span> </div> <input type="text" class="global_search" name="q" placeholder="Scholarly, newspaper, and magazine articles" value="" aria-label="Search by keywords"> <ul class="checkbox"> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="filter[facets][tlevel_facet~online_resources]" id="gl_limit_online_article" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_online_article">Available Online</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="filter[facets][tlevel_facet~peer_reviewed]" id="gl_limit_peer_article" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_peer_article">Scholarly (peer-reviewed)</label> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" name="filter[facets][tlevel_facet~open_access]" id="gl_limit_open_article" value="yes"> <label for="gl_limit_open_article">Open Access</label> </li> </ul> <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button> </form> </div> <div class="resources"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/citation-search/">Citation Search</a></li> <li><a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/database">Library Databases</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search_form_gl option_form" id="digital_search_gl" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="search_actions"> <div class="main_search"> <h2><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>collections</span> UW-Digital Collections Search</h2> <p>Discover digital objects and collections curated by the <a href='https://www.library.wisc.edu/digital-library-services/uwdcc/'>UW-Digital Collections Center</a>.</p> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/digital" class="search_input" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <div class="select"> <select aria-label="Search Scope"> <option value="Keywords" data-label="Search by keywords" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/digital">Keywords</option> <option value="Author" data-label="Search by author" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/digital/author">Author</option> <option value="Title" data-label="Search by title" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/digital/title">Title</option> <option value="Series" data-label="Search by series" data-action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/digital/series">Series</option> </select> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>keyboard_arrow_down</span> </div> <input type="text" class="global_search" name="q" placeholder="Digital collections, images, sound recordings, and more" value="" aria-label="Search by keywords"> <button type="submit" value="Submit">Submit</button> </form> </div> <div class="resources"> <ul> <li><a href="https://uwdc.library.wisc.edu/collections/">Browse Collections</a></li> <li><a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/digital?q=%2A">Browse UWDC Items</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="library_header"> <div class="max_width top-nav"> <ul class="institution"> <li id="uw-home"> <a href="https://www.wisc.edu/">University of Wisconsin–Madison</a> </li> <li id="lws-home"> <a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/">Libraries</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="global-library"> <li id="lws-uw" class="menu"> <button class="drop_menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="uw_menu" aria-label="UW-Madison resource links">UW <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>expand_more</span></button> <ul id="uw_menu" class="submenu" aria-hidden="true"> <li><a href="https://wisc.edu/">UW Home</a></li> <li><a href="https://my.wisc.edu/">My UW</a></li> <li><a href="https://wiscmail.wisc.edu/">Email/Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="https://canvas.wisc.edu/">Canvas</a></li> <li><a href="https://uwmadison.account.box.com/login">Box</a></li> <li><a href="https://apps.google.wisc.edu/">Google Apps</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="lws-account" class="menu" data-hj-suppress> <button class="drop_menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="account_menu">Sign in <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>expand_more</span></button> <ul id="account_menu" class="submenu" aria-hidden="true"> <li id="signin"> <a class="button" href="https://account.library.wisc.edu/?return=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.library.wisc.edu%2Fcitation-search%2F">Sign in</a> </li> <li id="library-account"> <ul> <li><a href="https://account.library.wisc.edu/">Loans & Requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://account.library.wisc.edu/?return=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.library.wisc.edu%2Flists">Lists</a></li> <li><a href="https://poster.library.wisc.edu/">Poster Printing</a></li> <li><a href="https://account.library.wisc.edu/?return=https%3A%2F%2Faccount.library.wisc.edu%2Faccount%2Fdetails">Account Details</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="other-account"> <ul> <li><a href="https://wisconsin.aeon.atlas-sys.com/logon/">Archives and Special Collections Requests</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/locations/library-study-rooms/">Library Room Reservations</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="lws-help"><a class="lnk" href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/help/">Help</a></li> <li id="lws-giving"><a class="lnk" href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/giving/" aria-label="Donate to the UW-Madison Libraries">Give</a></li> <li id="lws-search"> <button class="trigger_dialog" data-target="dialog-search" type="button" aria-label="Search the library website"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>search</span></button> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="app_header"> <div id="mobile_overlay"></div> <div class="main_nav"> <div id="menu" class="max_width"> <h1 class="primary_logo"> <a href="/"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 406 124"><defs><radialGradient id="a" cx="-52.021" cy="133.089" r="42.339" fx="-52.021" fy="133.089" gradientTransform="matrix(1.09 0 0 -1.09 95.004 207.581)" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><stop offset=".17" stop-color="#fff"/><stop offset=".3" stop-color="#f6ede4"/><stop offset=".69" stop-color="#debe9b"/><stop offset=".87" stop-color="#d4ac7f"/></radialGradient></defs><path fill="url(#a)" d="M38.3 117.476a4.799 4.799 0 0 1-1.331-1.47l-.076-.114h-.139C13.773 110.505.97 75.19 3.86 46.936a60.423 60.423 0 0 1 1.635-9.19 44.885 44.885 0 0 1 2.953-8.1 29.894 29.894 0 0 1 4.753-7.162 18.633 18.633 0 0 1 13.69-6.515.418.418 0 0 0 .418-.355 6.96 6.96 0 0 1 4.918-3.296h.241v-.241a5.946 5.946 0 0 1 5.831-4.525 6.032 6.032 0 0 1 5.78 4.487v.241h.241a6.983 6.983 0 0 1 4.969 3.334c.039.22.249.368.469.33a18.634 18.634 0 0 1 13.652 6.503 30.456 30.456 0 0 1 5.375 8.505l.292.697A53.924 53.924 0 0 1 72.74 46.86c2.89 28.33-9.912 63.645-32.881 68.994h-.139l-.076.114a4.785 4.785 0 0 1-1.344 1.508Z"/><path fill="#282728" d="M73.07 46.898a62.68 62.68 0 0 0-1.09-6.972 50.494 50.494 0 0 0-1.762-6.249 39.621 39.621 0 0 0-2.827-6.249 28.627 28.627 0 0 0-3.803-5.197 18.941 18.941 0 0 0-13.88-6.617h-.076a7.316 7.316 0 0 0-5.273-3.689 6.25 6.25 0 0 0-12.118 0 7.313 7.313 0 0 0-5.273 3.689h-.076a18.938 18.938 0 0 0-13.943 6.629 28.674 28.674 0 0 0-3.803 5.197 39.663 39.663 0 0 0-2.827 6.249 50.494 50.494 0 0 0-1.762 6.249 62.643 62.643 0 0 0-1.09 6.972C.615 75.57 13.506 110.808 36.69 116.208a4.01 4.01 0 0 0 1.61 1.622 4.022 4.022 0 0 0 1.61-1.622c23.184-5.4 36.075-40.638 33.16-69.311ZM38.3 8.3a4.945 4.945 0 0 1 4.982 3.511 6.163 6.163 0 0 0-4.893 3.131.219.219 0 0 1-.089.114.195.195 0 0 1-.089-.114 6.161 6.161 0 0 0-4.893-3.131A4.943 4.943 0 0 1 38.3 8.3Zm-2.358 5.438a4.444 4.444 0 0 1 2.015 2.675.584.584 0 0 0 .342.469.582.582 0 0 0 .342-.532 4.452 4.452 0 0 1 2.015-2.675 5.31 5.31 0 0 1 7.605 2.003 17.16 17.16 0 0 0-2.117.532 8.373 8.373 0 0 0-3.017 1.673 11.918 11.918 0 0 0-3.803 7.732c-.849 9.266 9.786 7.808 10.318 7.77 1.369 0 2.408-2.168 2.408-5.07 0-2.903-1.065-5.07-2.408-5.07-.824 0-2.244.659-2.383 3.232-.089 1.939.799 4.348 1.939 4.487.596.076 1.128-.963 1.268-2.028s.076-2.37-.748-2.535a.483.483 0 0 0-.583.353v.002c.289.514.483 1.077.57 1.661 0 1.584-1.622.799-1.42-1.724.152-2.206 1.28-2.091 1.331-2.091.634 0 1.597 1.268 1.597 3.803 0 2.218-1.065 4.601-3.118 3.359-1.724-1.268-2.396-4.158-1.927-6.338.215-1.027 1.103-3.803 3.968-3.803 4.132 0 7.986 2.168 11.053 6.211-.342 1.077-2.472 5.197-9.228 9.139l-.368.19a13.948 13.948 0 0 0-6.249-1.268 34.318 34.318 0 0 0-5.882.938c-.38.108-.771.171-1.166.19a5.228 5.228 0 0 1-1.166-.19 34.318 34.318 0 0 0-5.882-.938 13.934 13.934 0 0 0-6.249 1.268l-.368-.19c-6.769-3.942-8.873-8.062-9.228-9.139 3.068-4.044 6.921-6.211 11.053-6.211 2.865 0 3.803 2.801 3.968 3.803.482 2.244-.203 5.134-1.927 6.338-2.041 1.268-3.118-1.141-3.118-3.359 0-2.535.963-3.803 1.597-3.803 0 0 1.192-.139 1.382 2.091.215 2.535-1.382 3.308-1.42 1.724a4.861 4.861 0 0 1 .494-1.699.481.481 0 0 0-.545-.355c-.824.203-.9 1.648-.748 2.535s.71 2.104 1.268 2.028c1.141-.152 2.028-2.535 1.927-4.36-.127-2.535-1.559-3.232-2.383-3.232-1.344 0-2.408 2.168-2.408 5.07s1.039 5.07 2.408 5.07c.532 0 11.167 1.496 10.318-7.77a11.915 11.915 0 0 0-3.803-7.732 8.365 8.365 0 0 0-3.017-1.673 17.024 17.024 0 0 0-2.168-.558 5.313 5.313 0 0 1 7.656-2.003ZM15.839 52.602a41.217 41.217 0 0 0-.355 4.196 56.304 56.304 0 0 0 2.535 19.33 62.737 62.737 0 0 0 5.235 11.814 14.554 14.554 0 0 1-6.503 2.953A84.487 84.487 0 0 1 8.55 50.561a20.447 20.447 0 0 0 7.289 2.041Zm-7.251-2.763c.558-9.266 2.903-16.542 6.338-21.384.608 1.572 3.258 5.514 9.367 9.101-5.197 3.131-7.605 9.583-8.341 14.4a20.033 20.033 0 0 1-7.365-2.117Zm15.021 38.699c3.904 6.718 7.758 10.724 10.711 12.841a14.62 14.62 0 0 1-4.487 5.501c-5.07-3.422-9.38-8.873-12.764-15.376a14.967 14.967 0 0 0 6.541-2.966Zm11.307 13.271a15.472 15.472 0 0 0 3.384 1.851 15.43 15.43 0 0 0 3.384-1.851 15.191 15.191 0 0 0 4.475 5.501 23.672 23.672 0 0 1-4.538 2.256v-.165c-.33-1.673-2.535-2.015-3.308-2.015s-2.979.342-3.308 2.015v.165a23.73 23.73 0 0 1-4.538-2.256 15.211 15.211 0 0 0 4.449-5.501Zm7.365-.406c2.953-2.117 6.807-6.122 10.711-12.841a14.96 14.96 0 0 0 6.541 2.991c-3.384 6.452-7.681 11.928-12.764 15.325a14.62 14.62 0 0 1-4.487-5.501v.025Zm11.053-13.449a62.724 62.724 0 0 0 5.248-11.839 55.831 55.831 0 0 0 2.104-9.279 56.25 56.25 0 0 0 .431-10.039 40.971 40.971 0 0 0-.406-4.196A20.459 20.459 0 0 0 68 50.56a84.49 84.49 0 0 1-8.151 40.334 14.551 14.551 0 0 1-6.515-2.966v.025Zm7.327-35.999c-.786-4.817-3.169-11.155-8.341-14.4 6.11-3.587 8.772-7.529 9.367-9.101 3.41 4.842 5.767 12.118 6.338 21.384a20.031 20.031 0 0 1-7.365 2.091v.025ZM34.498 114.18a29.537 29.537 0 0 1-7.441-3.714 34.86 34.86 0 0 1-4.12-3.321 39.503 39.503 0 0 1-2.979-3.131 44.374 44.374 0 0 1-1.851-2.294 60.191 60.191 0 0 1-7.073-12.283 80.987 80.987 0 0 1-4.31-12.98 89.368 89.368 0 0 1-2.269-13.702 81.873 81.873 0 0 1-.089-13.74c.215-2.434.507-4.88.976-7.301a49.822 49.822 0 0 1 1.775-7.086 39.275 39.275 0 0 1 2.662-6.16 26.523 26.523 0 0 1 3.993-5.628 20.502 20.502 0 0 1 5.07-3.929 17.664 17.664 0 0 1 2.446-1.103c.431-.152.853-.287 1.268-.406.416-.135.839-.245 1.268-.33a17.73 17.73 0 0 1 3.245-.266 9.612 9.612 0 0 1 4.918 1.268 10.141 10.141 0 0 1 4.234 7.605c.494 5.729-5.336 6.629-6.477 6.617-.177 0-.266-.165.304-.748a8.278 8.278 0 0 0 1.268-6.465c-.558-2.624-2.408-4.677-5.07-4.677a14.148 14.148 0 0 0-10.293 4.931 28.864 28.864 0 0 0-5.539 10.065A54.1 54.1 0 0 0 7.575 49.84c-.282 4.492-.18 9 .304 13.474a87.137 87.137 0 0 0 2.459 13.424 77.04 77.04 0 0 0 4.475 12.486 54.977 54.977 0 0 0 6.946 11.408 32.817 32.817 0 0 0 10.305 8.784c.904.485 1.84.908 2.801 1.268a8.5 8.5 0 0 0 .9 3.803 8.358 8.358 0 0 1-1.268-.304Zm4.17 1.965a.759.759 0 0 1-.393.266.764.764 0 0 1-.393-.266 8.228 8.228 0 0 1-1.914-6.553c.152-.811 1.521-1.179 2.307-1.192s2.155.38 2.307 1.192a8.228 8.228 0 0 1-1.889 6.541l-.025.013Zm33.477-53.39a89.226 89.226 0 0 1-2.269 13.702 80.972 80.972 0 0 1-4.335 12.929 60.218 60.218 0 0 1-7.073 12.283 43.439 43.439 0 0 1-1.851 2.294 39.322 39.322 0 0 1-2.979 3.131 34.78 34.78 0 0 1-4.12 3.321 29.551 29.551 0 0 1-7.415 3.765 8.358 8.358 0 0 1-1.268.304 8.505 8.505 0 0 0 .849-3.929c.961-.36 1.897-.783 2.801-1.268a32.825 32.825 0 0 0 10.305-8.708 54.934 54.934 0 0 0 6.946-11.408 77.23 77.23 0 0 0 4.475-12.486 87.15 87.15 0 0 0 2.51-13.373c.484-4.475.586-8.982.304-13.474A54.147 54.147 0 0 0 66.186 35.4a28.867 28.867 0 0 0-5.666-9.976 14.146 14.146 0 0 0-10.293-4.931c-2.687 0-4.538 2.053-5.07 4.677a8.279 8.279 0 0 0 1.268 6.465c.57.583.482.748.304.748-1.141 0-6.984-.9-6.477-6.617a10.138 10.138 0 0 1 4.234-7.605 9.612 9.612 0 0 1 4.918-1.268 17.73 17.73 0 0 1 3.245.266c.429.085.852.195 1.268.33.439.118.862.254 1.268.406.842.305 1.66.674 2.446 1.103a20.513 20.513 0 0 1 5.07 3.929 26.523 26.523 0 0 1 3.993 5.628 39.342 39.342 0 0 1 2.789 6.072 49.923 49.923 0 0 1 1.775 7.086c.444 2.421.735 4.867.938 7.314a81.729 81.729 0 0 1-.051 13.728Z"/><path fill="#c5050c" d="M59.849 56.975c-.139-3.41-1.141-13.817-8.214-18.329a11.939 11.939 0 0 0-5.501-1.483c-3.473-.228-6.046 1.103-7.783 1.153H38.3c-1.737 0-4.335-1.382-7.808-1.153a11.85 11.85 0 0 0-5.539 1.534c-7.124 4.462-8.112 14.869-8.201 18.278a55.167 55.167 0 0 0 4.487 24.084c4.842 10.762 10.724 18.392 16.593 20.991l.469.203.469-.203c5.844-2.535 11.75-10.217 16.656-21.004a55.173 55.173 0 0 0 4.424-24.071Z"/><path fill="#fff" d="M48.821 48.799v2.307h.697c.379-.019.751.108 1.039.355.304.402.402.922.266 1.407 0 0-4.741 20.522-5.641 24.426-1.039-4.944-6.667-31.917-6.667-31.917v-.114h-1.141v.127l-4.906 31.474-5.577-24.021a3.503 3.503 0 0 1 0-.355 1.614 1.614 0 0 1 .393-1.268c.255-.176.567-.253.875-.215h.469v-2.282h-7.91v2.231h.355a1.47 1.47 0 0 1 1.204 1.052l9.684 41.538v.114h1.394v-.127l4.513-29.534 5.742 29.547v.114h1.268l9.19-41.551a1.27 1.27 0 0 1 1.268-.951h.545v-2.358h-7.06Z"/><path fill="#333" d="M83.106 83.348v-42h8.7v34.32h22.98v7.68h-31.68ZM120.786 83.348v-42h8.7v42h-8.7ZM137.105 83.348v-42h19.74c2.84 0 5.319.48 7.44 1.44 2.12.96 3.78 2.31 4.98 4.05 1.199 1.74 1.8 3.75 1.8 6.03 0 1.88-.461 3.569-1.38 5.069-.921 1.5-2.221 2.771-3.9 3.811 2.079.881 3.729 2.15 4.95 3.811 1.22 1.66 1.83 3.53 1.83 5.609 0 2.44-.621 4.57-1.86 6.391-1.24 1.82-2.97 3.24-5.19 4.26-2.22 1.02-4.791 1.529-7.71 1.529h-20.7Zm8.7-24.779h10.5c1.88 0 3.36-.459 4.44-1.381 1.08-.919 1.62-2.139 1.62-3.659s-.54-2.729-1.62-3.63-2.56-1.35-4.44-1.35h-10.5v10.02Zm0 17.58h11.34c2.04 0 3.65-.49 4.83-1.471 1.18-.979 1.77-2.289 1.77-3.93s-.59-2.959-1.77-3.96c-1.18-.999-2.79-1.5-4.83-1.5h-11.34v10.86ZM178.565 83.348v-42h20.46c2.88 0 5.409.551 7.59 1.65 2.18 1.101 3.879 2.631 5.1 4.59 1.22 1.961 1.83 4.221 1.83 6.78 0 2.64-.74 4.99-2.22 7.05-1.48 2.061-3.46 3.591-5.94 4.59l9.301 17.34h-9.721l-8.22-16.08h-9.479v16.08h-8.7Zm8.7-23.22h11.039c1.96 0 3.53-.519 4.711-1.56 1.179-1.04 1.77-2.4 1.77-4.08 0-1.72-.591-3.1-1.77-4.141-1.181-1.039-2.751-1.56-4.711-1.56h-11.039v11.34ZM215.884 83.348l17.28-42h10.08l17.04 42h-9.42l-4.26-10.979h-17.4l-4.26 10.979h-9.061Zm16.021-18h12.06l-5.939-15.479-6.12 15.479ZM263.824 83.348v-42h20.46c2.88 0 5.409.551 7.59 1.65 2.18 1.101 3.879 2.631 5.1 4.59 1.22 1.961 1.83 4.221 1.83 6.78 0 2.64-.74 4.99-2.22 7.05-1.48 2.061-3.46 3.591-5.94 4.59l9.301 17.34h-9.721l-8.22-16.08h-9.479v16.08h-8.7Zm8.7-23.22h11.039c1.96 0 3.53-.519 4.711-1.56 1.179-1.04 1.77-2.4 1.77-4.08 0-1.72-.591-3.1-1.77-4.141-1.181-1.039-2.751-1.56-4.711-1.56h-11.039v11.34ZM304.562 83.348v-42h8.7v42h-8.7ZM320.882 83.348v-42h32.279v7.561h-23.579v9.6h15.539v7.26h-15.539V75.79h23.819v7.56h-32.52ZM374.521 83.948c-3.359 0-6.66-.64-9.899-1.92-3.24-1.28-6.12-3.06-8.641-5.341l4.98-6.299c2.439 2.16 4.789 3.73 7.05 4.709a17.83 17.83 0 0 0 7.17 1.471c1.76 0 3.279-.211 4.561-.631 1.279-.42 2.27-1.029 2.97-1.83.699-.799 1.05-1.739 1.05-2.819 0-1.44-.521-2.56-1.56-3.36-1.041-.799-2.82-1.399-5.341-1.8l-8.34-1.44c-3.561-.639-6.28-1.909-8.16-3.81-1.88-1.899-2.819-4.37-2.819-7.409 0-2.6.68-4.85 2.04-6.75 1.359-1.9 3.27-3.361 5.729-4.381s5.39-1.529 8.79-1.529c3.04 0 6.11.51 9.21 1.529s5.81 2.471 8.13 4.35l-4.68 6.42c-4.4-3.359-8.82-5.039-13.26-5.039-1.561 0-2.921.2-4.08.6-1.161.4-2.051.951-2.67 1.65a3.55 3.55 0 0 0-.931 2.43c0 1.36.47 2.381 1.41 3.061.939.68 2.47 1.221 4.59 1.619l7.921 1.26c4.199.682 7.35 2.011 9.449 3.99 2.101 1.98 3.15 4.59 3.15 7.83 0 2.721-.73 5.08-2.19 7.08-1.46 2.001-3.52 3.561-6.18 4.68-2.66 1.12-5.811 1.681-9.45 1.681Z"/></svg><span class="hide_text">UW-Madison Libraries</span> </a></h1> <nav> <ul> <li><a href="/find/">Find</a></li> <li><a href="/locations/">Locations</a></li> <li><a href="/borrow-request/">Borrow</a></li> <li><a href="/research-support/">Research Support</a></li> <li><a href="/instruction-support/">Instruction Support</a></li> <li><a href="/people/">People</a></li> <li><a href="/about/">About</a></li> </ul> </nav> <button type="button" id="menu_btn" aria-label="Hide/Show Site Menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menu"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>menu</span></button> <div id="ask_logo"> <button type='button'> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100.776 108.451"><g fill="#5598D1"><path d="M24.6 49.201a1.96 1.96 0 1 1-3.921-.001 1.96 1.96 0 0 1 3.921.001z"/><path d="M19.922 36.487v-31s.24-2.87 2.87-2.87h47.13s2.666-.13 2.666 3.037v29.833s.333 3.5-2.833 3.5H45.088L23.755 50.82l-2.667-2.833 7-9h-5.5c.001 0-2.666-.167-2.666-2.5z"/></g><path fill="#7AAFDB" d="M38.07 20.286a3.951 3.951 0 1 1-7.902 0 3.951 3.951 0 0 1 7.902 0zM50.128 20.286a3.951 3.951 0 1 1-7.902 0 3.951 3.951 0 0 1 7.902 0z"/><circle fill="#7AAFDB" cx="58.403" cy="20.286" r="3.951"/><g fill="#5598D1"><path d="M77.794 56.031c0 .858.711 1.555 1.586 1.555.876 0 1.587-.697 1.587-1.555s-.711-1.555-1.587-1.555c-.875 0-1.586.696-1.586 1.555z"/><path d="M79.257 19.071h-4.874v18.304s.341 3.5-2.901 3.5H46.229l-7.285 3.947v.328s-.269 2.777 2.294 2.777h19.969l17.27 9.389 2.159-2.248-5.667-7.141h4.453s2.159-.132 2.159-1.983V21.348s-.195-2.277-2.324-2.277z"/></g><g><path d="M2.471 97.45h.924c.981 0 1.443-.231 1.79-1.27l12.18-33.307h7.908L37.395 96.18c.346 1.039.808 1.27 1.79 1.27h.923v6.407h-4.502c-2.886 0-3.925-.75-4.849-3.348l-2.54-7.158H14.362l-2.54 7.158c-.924 2.598-1.905 3.348-4.791 3.348h-4.56V97.45zm24.013-10.332l-3.521-10.275c-.75-2.251-1.616-6.119-1.616-6.119h-.115s-.866 3.868-1.617 6.119l-3.521 10.275h10.39zM45.645 94.506s3.752 4.329 8.774 4.329c2.251 0 3.983-.924 3.983-2.886 0-4.156-15.528-4.099-15.528-13.623 0-5.888 5.311-8.601 11.429-8.601 3.983 0 10.333 1.328 10.333 6.119v3.06h-6.465v-1.443c0-1.385-2.078-2.078-3.694-2.078-2.598 0-4.387.924-4.387 2.655 0 4.618 15.644 3.694 15.644 13.507 0 5.542-4.907 9.005-11.314 9.005-8.082 0-12.238-5.253-12.238-5.253l3.463-4.791zM72.309 70.378c0-.866-.461-1.27-1.27-1.27H68.73v-6.234h6.984c2.713 0 3.925.635 3.925 3.348v18.587h2.193c.924 0 2.136-.173 2.771-1.097l6.003-9.294h8.139L91.3 85.501c-1.27 1.847-2.193 2.309-2.193 2.309v.116s1.039.404 2.078 2.309l3.348 6.35c.462.866 1.039 1.097 2.425 1.097h1.962v6.176h-5.426c-2.482 0-3.464-.404-4.618-2.54l-4.907-9.236c-.577-1.039-1.789-1.097-2.713-1.097H79.64v12.873h-7.331v-33.48z"/></g></svg> <span class="hide_text">Ask a Librarian</span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main class="main cf"> <div id="grid_layout" class="max_width"> <section> <h1>Citation Search</h1> <p>Select one to search</p> <div id="citation_search">  <div> <h2>Article Search</h2> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/articles" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" name="q" placeholder="magazine, newspaper, and scholarly articles" value="" aria-label="Search by keywords"> </form> </div>  <div> <h2>Journal Search</h2> <form accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://search.library.wisc.edu/search/serials" method="get" autocomplete="off"> <input type="text" name="q" placeholder="issn, title, or subject" value="" aria-label="Search by keywords"> </form> </div>  <div> <h2>DOI Search</h2> <form method="get" action="https://scholar.google.com/scholar"> <input type="text" aria-label="Search by DOI (digital object identifier)" name="q" placeholder="Search by DOI (digital object identifier)"> </form> <p>Or try <a href="https://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.web/webofscience">Web of Science</a></p> </div>  <div> <h2>PMID Search</h2> <form method="get" action="javascript:pubmedSubmit()"> <input type="text" aria-label="Search by PMID (PubMed)" name="pubmedq" id="pubmedq" placeholder="Search by PMID (PubMed)"> </form> <script> function pubmedSubmit() { var pubmedterm = document.getElementById("pubmedq").value; window.open("https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?myncbishare=uwisclib&otool=uwisclib&term=" + pubmedterm,"_self"); } </script> </div> </div> <p class="info"><span>Have a book citation? Use the <a href="https://search.library.wisc.edu/">library catalog.</a></span></p> </section> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="primary-footer" class="max_width"> <div id="wisc-logo"> <a href="https://www.wisc.edu" aria-label="University of Wisconsin-Madison"><svg viewBox="0 0 326 216"><path d="M21.3 195.1c-5.7-4.1-6.2-3.7-8.3-10.1l-7.3-23c-1.1-3.4-2.1-7.5-5.2-9.6v-.2h9.1c-.2 1.4.4 3.3.7 4.5l9.3 28.9 7.3-23.7c1.2-3.8 2.4-7.8-1-9.6v-.2h8.8c-.4 1.6.1 3.5.9 6.3l8.7 27 7-22.8c1.1-3.5 3.2-8.6-1.7-10.3v-.2h9.6l-13.1 42.8c-5.7-3.9-6.2-3.6-8.2-10L31 163.7l-9.7 31.4zM64.5 161.1c0-2.9.4-7.4-2.7-8.6v-.2h11.8v.2c-3.1 1.2-2.7 5.8-2.7 8.6v23.5c0 2.8-.4 7.3 2.7 8.5v.2H61.7v-.2c3.1-1.1 2.7-5.7 2.7-8.5v-23.5zM102.2 159.7c-2.4-2.5-6.3-3.9-9.8-3.9-3.5 0-8 1.4-8 5.7 0 8.5 21.4 8.4 21.4 19.9 0 6.7-7 12.9-16.7 12.9-3.8 0-7.6-.6-11.1-1.9l-1.8-7.8c3.7 3.2 8.8 5.2 13.6 5.2 3.5 0 8.9-2.1 8.9-6.5 0-9.7-21.4-8-21.4-21.2 0-7.8 8-10.8 15.6-10.8 3.1 0 6.3.4 9.3 1.4v7zM141.5 160c-3.4-2.2-7.4-3.5-11.5-3.5-8.6 0-14.6 6.3-14.6 15.3 0 9.2 6.2 17.3 15.8 17.3 4.7 0 9.3-1.7 13.3-3.9h.2l-3.2 7.2c-2.9 1.4-6.2 1.9-9.4 1.9-14.7 0-23.8-8.2-23.8-21.5 0-12.9 9.1-21.4 21.8-21.4 3.8 0 7.7.7 11.3 1.6v7zM189.9 172.3c0 12.7-10.5 21.9-22.9 21.9-12.3 0-22.7-8.8-22.7-21.6 0-11.8 10.3-21.7 23.3-21.4 13.1 0 22.3 9.9 22.3 21.1zm-38.6-.2c0 8.7 6.2 17.7 15.9 17.7 9.5 0 15.5-6.9 15.5-16.2 0-9.1-5.8-17.9-15.6-17.9-9.6 0-15.8 7-15.8 16.4zM199.3 185.2c0 3.5-.1 6 3.2 7.9v.2h-11v-.2c3.3-1.9 3.3-4.4 3.3-7.9v-24.8c0-3.5 0-6-3.2-7.8v-.2h9.1v.1c.2.7.5 1.1.9 1.6l.9 1.2 22.8 28.8v-23.6c0-3.5.1-6-3.2-7.8v-.2h11v.2c-3.2 1.9-3.2 4.4-3.2 7.8v34.9c-4.4-1.5-6.4-3.5-9.1-7.1l-21.4-27.1v24zM261.2 159.7c-2.4-2.5-6.3-3.9-9.8-3.9-3.5 0-8 1.4-8 5.7 0 8.5 21.4 8.4 21.4 19.9 0 6.7-7 12.9-16.7 12.9-3.8 0-7.6-.6-11.1-1.9l-1.8-7.8c3.7 3.2 8.8 5.2 13.6 5.2 3.5 0 8.9-2.1 8.9-6.5 0-9.7-21.4-8-21.4-21.2 0-7.8 8-10.8 15.6-10.8 3.1 0 6.3.4 9.3 1.4v7zM270.7 161.1c0-2.9.4-7.4-2.7-8.6v-.2h11.8v.2c-3.1 1.2-2.7 5.8-2.7 8.6v23.5c0 2.8-.4 7.3 2.7 8.5v.2H268v-.2c3.1-1.1 2.7-5.7 2.7-8.5v-23.5zM291.8 185.2c0 3.5-.1 6 3.2 7.9v.2h-11v-.2c3.3-1.9 3.3-4.4 3.3-7.9v-24.8c0-3.5 0-6-3.2-7.8v-.2h9.1v.1c.2.7.5 1.1.9 1.6l.9 1.2 22.8 28.8v-23.6c0-3.5.1-6-3.2-7.8v-.2h11v.2c-3.2 1.9-3.2 4.4-3.2 7.8v34.9c-4.4-1.5-6.4-3.5-9.1-7.1l-21.4-27.1v24z"/><g><path d="M11.7 203.2v7c0 2.7 1.5 3.5 3 3.5 1.7 0 3-.8 3-3.5v-7h1.5v6.9c0 3.8-2.1 4.8-4.5 4.8s-4.5-1.2-4.5-4.7v-7h1.5zM22.3 214.8v-11.6h2c1.7 2.7 5.3 8.5 5.9 9.7-.1-1.5-.1-3.3-.1-5.2v-4.5h1.4v11.6h-1.9c-1.5-2.5-5.3-8.7-6-10 .1 1.3.1 3.3.1 5.4v4.6h-1.4zM36.6 203.2v11.6h-1.5v-11.6h1.5zM42.9 214.8l-4.2-11.6h1.6l2 5.8c.6 1.7 1.2 3.4 1.4 4.5.2-.9.9-2.7 1.5-4.4l2.1-5.8H49l-4.4 11.6h-1.7zM58.4 209.3h-5.7v4.1H59l-.2 1.3h-7.6v-11.6h7.5v1.3h-6v3.5h5.7v1.4zM63 209.7v5.1h-1.5v-11.6H66c2.4 0 3.6 1.3 3.6 3.1 0 1.5-.9 2.4-2 2.7.9.2 1.8 1 1.8 3v.5c0 .8 0 1.8.2 2.3h-1.5c-.2-.5-.2-1.4-.2-2.5v-.3c0-1.6-.5-2.4-2.5-2.4H63zm0-1.3h2.5c1.8 0 2.5-.7 2.5-2 0-1.2-.8-1.9-2.4-1.9H63v3.9zM73.3 211.5c.3 1.4 1.3 2.1 2.9 2.1 1.8 0 2.5-.8 2.5-1.9 0-1.2-.6-1.8-2.9-2.4-2.7-.7-3.7-1.6-3.7-3.2 0-1.7 1.3-3.1 3.8-3.1 2.8 0 3.9 1.6 4.1 3.1h-1.6c-.2-1-.8-1.9-2.5-1.9-1.4 0-2.2.6-2.2 1.7s.6 1.5 2.7 2c3.3.8 3.9 2.1 3.9 3.6 0 1.9-1.4 3.3-4.2 3.3-2.9 0-4.2-1.6-4.4-3.4h1.6zM84.5 203.2v11.6H83v-11.6h1.5zM90.4 204.5h-3.7v-1.3h9v1.3H92v10.3h-1.5v-10.3zM101.2 214.8v-4.2c0-.1 0-.2-.1-.3l-4.1-7h1.8c1 1.9 2.7 4.9 3.3 5.9.5-1 2.2-4 3.3-5.9h1.6l-4.2 7c0 .1-.1.1-.1.3v4.2h-1.5zM123.5 208.9c0 3.2-1.8 6-5.4 6-3.4 0-5.3-2.6-5.3-5.9 0-3.3 1.9-5.9 5.4-5.9 3.3-.1 5.3 2.4 5.3 5.8zm-9.1 0c0 2.5 1.3 4.7 3.8 4.7 2.7 0 3.8-2.2 3.8-4.7s-1.2-4.6-3.8-4.6c-2.7 0-3.8 2.2-3.8 4.6zM126.3 203.2h7.4v1.3h-5.9v3.8h5.5v1.3h-5.5v5.2h-1.5v-11.6zM142.5 214.8l-3.1-11.6h1.6c.9 3.8 2.1 8.6 2.4 9.9.3-1.5 1.9-6.9 2.6-9.9h1.5c.7 2.6 2.3 8.5 2.5 9.8.4-2 2-7.5 2.6-9.8h1.5l-3.4 11.6h-1.6c-.7-2.7-2.2-8.2-2.5-9.6-.3 1.7-1.8 6.9-2.6 9.6h-1.5zM158 203.2v11.6h-1.5v-11.6h1.5zM162.2 211.5c.3 1.4 1.3 2.1 2.9 2.1 1.8 0 2.5-.8 2.5-1.9 0-1.2-.6-1.8-2.9-2.4-2.7-.7-3.7-1.6-3.7-3.2 0-1.7 1.3-3.1 3.8-3.1 2.8 0 3.9 1.6 4.1 3.1h-1.6c-.2-1-.8-1.9-2.5-1.9-1.4 0-2.2.6-2.2 1.7s.6 1.5 2.7 2c3.3.8 3.9 2.1 3.9 3.6 0 1.9-1.4 3.3-4.2 3.3-2.9 0-4.2-1.6-4.4-3.4h1.6zM181.1 211.5c-.5 2-2 3.4-4.6 3.4-3.5 0-5.2-2.6-5.2-5.9 0-3.1 1.7-6 5.3-6 2.7 0 4.2 1.6 4.6 3.5h-1.5c-.4-1.3-1.2-2.2-3.1-2.2-2.6 0-3.6 2.3-3.6 4.7 0 2.3 1 4.7 3.7 4.7 1.8 0 2.6-1 3-2.1h1.4zM193.9 208.9c0 3.2-1.8 6-5.4 6-3.4 0-5.3-2.6-5.3-5.9 0-3.3 1.9-5.9 5.4-5.9 3.2-.1 5.3 2.4 5.3 5.8zm-9.2 0c0 2.5 1.3 4.7 3.8 4.7 2.7 0 3.8-2.2 3.8-4.7s-1.2-4.6-3.8-4.6c-2.6 0-3.8 2.2-3.8 4.6zM196.6 214.8v-11.6h2c1.7 2.7 5.3 8.5 5.9 9.7-.1-1.5-.1-3.3-.1-5.2v-4.5h1.4v11.6H204c-1.5-2.5-5.3-8.7-6-10 .1 1.3.1 3.3.1 5.4v4.6h-1.5zM210.1 211.5c.3 1.4 1.3 2.1 2.9 2.1 1.8 0 2.5-.8 2.5-1.9 0-1.2-.6-1.8-2.9-2.4-2.7-.7-3.7-1.6-3.7-3.2 0-1.7 1.3-3.1 3.8-3.1 2.8 0 3.9 1.6 4.1 3.1h-1.6c-.2-1-.8-1.9-2.5-1.9-1.4 0-2.2.6-2.2 1.7s.6 1.5 2.7 2c3.3.8 3.9 2.1 3.9 3.6 0 1.9-1.4 3.3-4.2 3.3-2.9 0-4.2-1.6-4.4-3.4h1.6zM221.3 203.2v11.6h-1.5v-11.6h1.5zM224.8 214.8v-11.6h2c1.7 2.7 5.3 8.5 5.9 9.7-.1-1.5-.1-3.3-.1-5.2v-4.5h1.4v11.6h-1.9c-1.5-2.5-5.3-8.7-6-10 .1 1.3.1 3.3.1 5.4v4.6h-1.4zM243.4 209.8v1.3h-6.6v-1.3h6.6zM256.1 209.8c0-2.2 0-4.3.1-5.6h-.1c-.5 1.9-2.4 6.8-3.7 10.5H251c-1-3-2.9-8.5-3.5-10.5.1 1.3.1 3.9.1 5.9v4.6h-1.4v-11.6h2.3c1.3 3.6 2.9 8.2 3.3 9.7.3-1.1 2.2-6.2 3.5-9.7h2.2v11.6H256v-4.9zM262.6 211.3l-1.2 3.5h-1.5l4.1-11.6h1.9l4.3 11.6h-1.6l-1.3-3.5h-4.7zm4.2-1.3c-1.1-3-1.7-4.7-2-5.5-.3 1-1 2.9-1.8 5.5h3.8zM272.3 203.2h4.1c3.3 0 5.5 2.2 5.5 5.7 0 3.4-2.1 5.9-5.5 5.9h-4.1v-11.6zm1.5 10.3h2.4c2.7 0 4-2 4-4.6 0-2.3-1.2-4.4-4-4.4h-2.4v9zM286.2 203.2v11.6h-1.5v-11.6h1.5zM290.3 211.5c.3 1.4 1.3 2.1 2.9 2.1 1.8 0 2.5-.8 2.5-1.9 0-1.2-.6-1.8-2.9-2.4-2.7-.7-3.7-1.6-3.7-3.2 0-1.7 1.3-3.1 3.8-3.1 2.8 0 3.9 1.6 4.1 3.1h-1.6c-.2-1-.8-1.9-2.5-1.9-1.4 0-2.2.6-2.2 1.7s.6 1.5 2.7 2c3.3.8 3.9 2.1 3.9 3.6 0 1.9-1.4 3.3-4.2 3.3-2.9 0-4.2-1.6-4.4-3.4h1.6zM310.1 208.9c0 3.2-1.8 6-5.4 6-3.4 0-5.3-2.6-5.3-5.9 0-3.3 1.9-5.9 5.4-5.9 3.3-.1 5.3 2.4 5.3 5.8zm-9.1 0c0 2.5 1.3 4.7 3.8 4.7 2.7 0 3.8-2.2 3.8-4.7s-1.2-4.6-3.8-4.6c-2.6 0-3.8 2.2-3.8 4.6zM312.9 214.8v-11.6h2c1.7 2.7 5.3 8.5 5.9 9.7-.1-1.5-.1-3.3-.1-5.2v-4.5h1.4v11.6h-1.9c-1.5-2.5-5.3-8.7-6-10 .1 1.3.1 3.3.1 5.4v4.6h-1.4z"/></g><path d="M211.4 52c-.3-3-.8-6-1.4-8.9-.6-2.7-1.3-5.4-2.3-8-1-2.8-2.2-5.5-3.6-8-1.4-2.4-3-4.6-4.8-6.7-4.9-5.4-11.1-8.4-17.8-8.5h-.1c-1.1-2.4-4.1-4.4-6.8-4.7 0 0-1.4-6-7.8-6.1-6.4 0-7.8 6.1-7.8 6.1-2.6.4-5.7 2.3-6.8 4.7h-.1c-6.8.1-12.9 3.1-17.8 8.5-1.9 2-3.4 4.3-4.8 6.7-1.4 2.5-2.6 5.3-3.6 8-.9 2.6-1.7 5.3-2.3 8-.6 2.9-1.1 5.9-1.4 8.9-3.7 36.8 12.8 82 42.5 88.9.5.7 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.1.6 0 1.6-1.4 2.1-2.1 29.7-6.9 46.2-52.1 42.5-88.9zM166.8 2.5c5.2 0 6.4 4.4 6.4 4.5-2.6.2-5 1.7-6.3 4l-.1.2c-.1 0-.1-.1-.1-.2a7.98 7.98 0 0 0-6.3-4c0-.1 1.1-4.5 6.4-4.5zm-3.1 7c1.3.8 2.2 2 2.6 3.4.1.4.3.7.4.7s.3-.3.4-.7c.4-1.4 1.3-2.7 2.6-3.4 3.8-2.3 8.1-.8 9.8 2.6-.9.1-1.7.4-2.7.7-1.5.5-2.8 1.2-3.9 2.1-2.4 2.2-4.5 5.6-4.9 9.9-1.1 11.9 12.6 10 13.2 10 1.8 0 3.1-2.8 3.1-6.5s-1.4-6.5-3.1-6.5c-1.1 0-2.9.8-3.1 4.1-.1 2.3 1 5.4 2.5 5.6.8.1 1.5-1.2 1.7-2.6.2-1.2.1-3-1-3.3-.3-.1-.7.1-.8.5-.1.3.7.8.6 2.2 0 2-2.1 1-1.8-2.2.2-2.9 1.7-2.7 1.8-2.7.8 0 2.1 1.7 2.1 4.9 0 2.8-1.4 5.9-4 4.3-2.2-1.6-3.1-5.3-2.5-8.2.3-1.3 1.4-4.9 5.1-4.9 5.3 0 10.2 2.8 14.2 8-.4 1.4-3.2 6.7-11.8 11.7-.2.1-.5.3-.5.2-2.6-1.1-5.1-1.8-8-1.6-2.6.1-5.1.6-7.5 1.2-.5.1-1 .2-1.5.2s-1-.1-1.5-.2c-2.5-.6-5-1.1-7.5-1.2-2.9-.2-5.4.5-8 1.6 0 0-.3-.2-.5-.2-8.7-5.1-11.4-10.3-11.8-11.7 3.9-5.2 8.9-8 14.2-8 3.7 0 4.8 3.6 5.1 4.9.6 2.9-.3 6.6-2.5 8.2-2.6 1.6-4-1.5-4-4.3 0-3.2 1.2-4.9 2.1-4.9.1 0 1.5-.2 1.8 2.7.3 3.2-1.8 4.2-1.8 2.2 0-1.4.7-1.9.6-2.2-.1-.3-.4-.5-.8-.5-1.1.3-1.2 2.1-1 3.3.2 1.4.9 2.7 1.7 2.6 1.5-.2 2.6-3.3 2.5-5.6-.2-3.3-2-4.1-3.1-4.1-1.7 0-3.1 2.8-3.1 6.5s1.3 6.5 3.1 6.5c.7.1 14.3 1.9 13.2-10-.4-4.3-2.5-7.7-4.9-9.9-1.1-1-2.3-1.6-3.9-2.1-1.1-.3-1.8-.5-2.7-.7 1.7-3.4 6-5 9.8-2.6zm-25.6 49c-4.4-.4-7.8-1.9-9.4-2.7.7-11.9 3.7-21.2 8.1-27.4.8 2 4.2 7.1 12 11.7-6.7 3.9-9.7 12.2-10.7 18.4zm11.5-17.1c2-1.2 4.5-1.8 7.1-2 4.5-.3 7.8 1.4 10 1.5h.1c2.2-.1 5.5-1.8 10-1.5 2.6.2 5.2.7 7.1 2 9.1 5.8 10.4 19.1 10.5 23.5.6 15.5-4.2 27.5-5.8 30.9-6.3 13.8-13.9 23.6-21.4 26.9l-.6.3-.6-.3c-7.5-3.3-15.1-13.1-21.4-26.9-1.5-3.3-6.4-15.4-5.8-30.9.4-4.3 1.7-17.7 10.8-23.5zm-11.7 17.9c-.3 2.3-.5 4.2-.5 5.4-.2 4.3 0 8.6.6 12.9.6 4 1.5 8 2.7 11.9 1.7 5.3 4 10.3 6.7 15.2-2.8 2.5-7 3.5-8.4 3.8-7.5-15-11.4-34.3-10.5-51.7 1.9.8 5.2 2.2 9.4 2.5zm10 46.1c5 8.6 10 13.8 13.7 16.5-1.4 3.5-4.6 6.2-5.8 7.1-6.5-4.4-12-11.3-16.4-19.7 1.8-.4 5.7-1.4 8.5-3.9zm14.5 17c2 1.5 4.1 2.3 4.3 2.4.3-.1 2.3-.9 4.3-2.4 1.4 3.4 4.4 6 5.7 7.1-1.9 1.2-3.8 2.2-5.8 2.9v-.2c-.4-2.1-3.2-2.6-4.2-2.6s-3.8.4-4.2 2.6v.2c-2-.7-4-1.7-5.8-2.9 1.3-1.1 4.3-3.7 5.7-7.1zm9.5-.5c3.8-2.7 8.7-7.9 13.7-16.5 2.8 2.5 6.7 3.5 8.4 3.8-4.3 8.4-9.9 15.3-16.4 19.7-1.1-.8-4.4-3.5-5.7-7zm14.1-17.3c2.7-4.8 5-9.9 6.7-15.2 1.2-3.9 2.1-7.9 2.7-11.9.6-4.3.8-8.6.6-12.9 0-1.2-.2-3.1-.5-5.4 4.3-.4 7.6-1.7 9.3-2.6.9 17.4-3 36.8-10.5 51.7-1.3-.1-5.5-1.1-8.3-3.7zm9.4-46.1c-1-6.2-4.1-14.3-10.7-18.5 7.8-4.6 11.2-9.7 12-11.7 4.4 6.2 7.4 15.5 8.1 27.4-1.5.9-4.9 2.4-9.4 2.8zm-33.5 79.8c-3.4-1.1-6.6-2.7-9.5-4.8-1.9-1.3-3.6-2.7-5.3-4.3-1.3-1.3-2.6-2.6-3.8-4-.8-1-1.6-1.9-2.4-2.9-3.6-4.8-6.7-10.2-9.1-15.7-2.3-5.4-4.2-10.9-5.6-16.6-1.4-5.8-2.4-11.7-2.9-17.6-.5-5.8-.6-11.8-.1-17.6.3-3.1.6-6.3 1.2-9.4.6-3.1 1.3-6.1 2.3-9.1.9-2.7 2-5.4 3.4-7.9 1.4-2.6 3.1-5.1 5.1-7.2 1.9-2 4-3.7 6.4-5 1-.5 2.1-1 3.1-1.4.5-.2 1.1-.4 1.7-.5.5-.1 1.1-.4 1.7-.4 1.4-.3 2.8-.4 4.2-.4 1.1 0 3.9.2 6.3 1.7 2.7 1.9 5 5 5.4 9.8.6 7.3-6.8 8.5-8.3 8.5-.2 0-.3-.2.4-1 1.7-2.2 2.3-5.6 1.7-8.3-.7-3.4-3.1-6-6.5-6-5.2 0-9.8 2.6-13.2 6.3-3.3 3.6-5.6 8.2-7.3 12.8-2.1 5.9-3.2 12.2-3.6 18.5-.4 5.8-.2 11.6.4 17.3.6 5.8 1.7 11.6 3.2 17.2 1.5 5.5 3.4 10.9 5.7 16 2.4 5.2 5.3 10.2 8.9 14.7 3.6 4.5 8.1 8.5 13.2 11.2 1.2.6 2.4 1.1 3.6 1.6-.1 1.9.4 3.6 1.1 5-.7-.2-.7-.3-1.4-.5zm5.4 2.5s-.3.3-.5.3c-.3 0-.5-.3-.5-.3-1.3-1.6-3.2-4.7-2.5-8.4.2-1 2-1.5 3-1.5s2.8.5 3 1.5c.6 3.7-1.3 6.8-2.5 8.4zm42.9-68.4c-.5 5.9-1.5 11.8-2.9 17.6-1.4 5.7-3.2 11.2-5.6 16.6-2.4 5.5-5.4 10.9-9.1 15.7-.8 1-1.5 2-2.4 2.9-1.2 1.4-2.5 2.7-3.8 4-1.6 1.5-3.4 3-5.3 4.3-2.9 2-6.2 3.7-9.5 4.8-.7.2-.7.3-1.5.4.7-1.4 1.2-3.1 1.1-5 1.2-.4 2.4-1 3.6-1.6 5.2-2.6 9.6-6.7 13.2-11.2 3.6-4.5 6.5-9.5 8.9-14.7 2.4-5.2 4.3-10.5 5.7-16 1.5-5.6 2.6-11.4 3.2-17.2.6-5.7.8-11.5.4-17.3-.4-6.3-1.5-12.6-3.6-18.5-1.6-4.6-3.9-9.2-7.3-12.8-3.4-3.7-8-6.3-13.2-6.3-3.4 0-5.8 2.6-6.5 6-.6 2.7 0 6.1 1.7 8.3.7.8.6 1 .4 1-1.5 0-9-1.1-8.3-8.5.4-4.8 2.8-7.9 5.4-9.8 2.4-1.5 5.2-1.7 6.3-1.7 1.4 0 2.8.1 4.2.4.5 0 1.2.2 1.7.4.6.2 1.1.3 1.7.5 1.1.4 2.1.9 3.1 1.4 2.4 1.3 4.6 3.1 6.4 5 2 2.1 3.7 4.6 5.1 7.2 1.4 2.5 2.5 5.2 3.4 7.9 1 3 1.8 6 2.3 9.1.6 3.1.9 6.2 1.2 9.4.6 5.9.5 11.8 0 17.7z"/><path d="M180.3 54.4v3l.6-.1h.3c.3 0 .9.1 1.3.5s.5 1 .3 1.8c0 0-6.1 26.3-7.2 31.3C174.3 84.6 167 50 167 50v-.1h-1.4v.2s-5.2 33.7-6.3 40.4c-1.4-5.8-7.2-30.8-7.2-30.8v-.5c0-.7.2-1.2.5-1.5.4-.4 1.1-.4 1.2-.4l.6.1v-2.9h-10.1v2.9l.4.1c.2 0 1.4.3 1.5 1.4 0 0 11.9 51 12.4 53.1v.1h1.8v-.2c.1-.4 4.9-32 5.8-37.9 1.1 5.9 7.3 37.5 7.4 37.9v.1h1.6L187 58.7c.3-1.1 1.2-1.2 1.6-1.2h.7v-3.1h-9z"/></svg></a> </div> <div id="footer-main"> <h2>Libraries</h2> <div class="two-cols"> <ul class="library"> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/accessibility/">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/copyright-statement/">Copyright Statement</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/policies/">Policies</a></li> </ul> <ul class="contact"> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/help/contact/"><span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>contact_mail</span>Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/UWMadLibraries"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" aria-label="Facebook" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M24 22.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1-1.5 1.5h-21A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0 22.5v-21A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 1.5 0h21A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 24 1.5v21Z" fill="#F9F9F9"/><path d="M16.5 24v-9h3l.75-3.75H16.5v-1.5c0-1.5.752-2.25 2.25-2.25h1.5V3.75h-3c-2.756 0-4.5 2.16-4.5 5.25v2.25h-3V15h3v9h3.75Z" fill="#333"/></svg></a></li> <li><a href="https://x.com/UWMadLibraries"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="X Social Media Icon" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g clip-path="url(#a)"><path d="M24 22.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 1-1.5 1.5h-21A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 0 22.5v-21A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 1.5 0h21A1.5 1.5 0 0 1 24 1.5v21Z" fill="#F9F9F9"/><path d="M16.812 5h2.301l-5.026 5.743L20 18.56h-4.628l-3.628-4.739-4.146 4.74H5.293l5.375-6.145L5 5h4.746l3.275 4.332L16.813 5Zm-.808 12.184h1.274L9.052 6.304h-1.37l8.322 10.88Z" fill="#282728"/></g><defs><clipPath id="a"><path fill="#fff" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"/></clipPath></defs></svg></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/about/library-social-media-accounts/"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" aria-label="More Social Media Accounts" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M24 2a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H2a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v20a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h20a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V2ZM4 11.786C4 10.804 4.9 10 6 10s2 .804 2 1.786-.9 1.785-2 1.785-2-.803-2-1.785Zm12 0c0-.982.9-1.786 2-1.786s2 .804 2 1.786-.9 1.785-2 1.785-2-.803-2-1.785Zm-6 0c0-.982.9-1.786 2-1.786s2 .804 2 1.786-.9 1.785-2 1.785-2-.803-2-1.785Z" fill="#F9F9F9"/></svg></a></li> </ul> </div> <p class="feedback">Feedback, questions, or accessibility issues: <a href="mailto:libraries@wisc.edu">libraries@wisc.edu</a></p> </div> <div id="support-libraries"> <a href="https://www.library.wisc.edu/giving/"> <span>Support Libraries</span> <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet>volunteer_activism</span> </a> </div> </div> <div id="secondary-footer"> <div class="max_width"> <a href="https://www.wisc.edu/privacy-notice/">Privacy Notice</a> | <a href="https://www.wisconsin.edu/">©<script>document.write(new Date().getFullYear())</script> Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System</a> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </body> </html>