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condensation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: static condensation"> <meta name="keywords" content="static condensation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="static condensation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1373</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: static condensation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1313</span> Thermodynamic and Magnetic Properties of Heavy Fermion UTE₂ Superconductor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habtamu%20Anagaw%20Muluneh">Habtamu Anagaw Muluneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebregziabher%20Kahsay"> Gebregziabher Kahsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamiru%20Negussie"> Tamiru Negussie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Theoretical study of the density of state, condensation energy, specific heat, and magnetization in a spin-triplet superconductor are the main goals of this work. Utilizing the retarded double-time temperature-dependent Green's function formalism and building a model Hamiltonian for the system at hand, we were able to derive the expressions for the parameters mentioned above. The phase diagrams are plotted using MATLAB scripts. From the phase diagrams, the density of electrons increases as the excitation energy increases, and the maximum excitation energy is equal to the superconducting gap, but it decreases when the value exceeds the gap and finally becomes the same as the density of the normal state. On the other hand, the condensation energy decreases with the increase in temperature and attains its minimum value at the superconducting transition temperature but increases with the increase in superconducting transition temperature (TC) and finally becomes zero, implying the superconducting energy is equal to the normal state energy. The specific heat increases with the increase in temperature, attaining its maximum value at the TC and then undergoing a jump, showing the presence of a second-order phase transition from the superconducting state to the normal state. Finally, the magnetization of both the itinerant and localized electrons decreases with the increase in temperature and finally becomes zero at TC = 1.6 K and magnetic phase transition temperature T = 2 K, respectively, which results in a magnetic phase transition from a ferromagnetic to a paramagnetic state. Our finding is in good agreement with the previous findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20triplet%20superconductivity" title="spin triplet superconductivity">spin triplet superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Green%E2%80%99s%20function" title=" Green’s function"> Green’s function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation%20energy" title=" condensation energy"> condensation energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density%20of%20state" title=" density of state"> density of state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20heat" title=" specific heat"> specific heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization" title=" magnetization"> magnetization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193014/thermodynamic-and-magnetic-properties-of-heavy-fermion-ute2-superconductor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1312</span> Numerical Computation of Specific Absorption Rate and Induced Current for Workers Exposed to Static Magnetic Fields of MRI Scanners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherine%20Farrag">Sherine Farrag</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently-used MRI scanners in Cairo City possess static magnetic field (SMF) that varies from 0.25 up to 3T. More than half of them possess SMF of 1.5T. The SMF of the magnet determine the diagnostic power of a scanner, but not worker's exposure profile. This research paper presents an approach for numerical computation of induced electric fields and SAR values by estimation of fringe static magnetic fields. Iso-gauss line of MR was mapped and a polynomial function of the 7th degree was generated and tested. Induced current field due to worker motion in the SMF and SAR values for organs and tissues have been calculated. Results illustrate that the computation tool used permits quick accurate MRI iso-gauss mapping and calculation of SAR values which can then be used for assessment of occupational exposure profile of MRI operators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI%20occupational%20exposure" title="MRI occupational exposure">MRI occupational exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI%20safety" title=" MRI safety"> MRI safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induced%20current%20density" title=" induced current density"> induced current density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20absorption%20rate" title=" specific absorption rate"> specific absorption rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20magnetic%20fields" title=" static magnetic fields"> static magnetic fields</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13235/numerical-computation-of-specific-absorption-rate-and-induced-current-for-workers-exposed-to-static-magnetic-fields-of-mri-scanners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13235.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">430</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1311</span> An Experimental Study of Dynamic Compressive Strength of Bushveld Complex Brittle Rocks under Impact Loadingsa Chemicals and Fibre Corporation, Changhua Branch</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mudau">A. Mudau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20R.%20Stacey"> T. R. Stacey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Govender"> R. A. Govender</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports for the first time the findings on the dynamic compressive strength data of Bushveld Complex brittle rock materials. These rocks were subjected to both quasi-static and impact loading tests to help understand their behaviour both under quasi-static and dynamic loading conditions. Unlike quasi-static tests, characterization of dynamic behaviour of materials is challenging, in particularly brittle rock materials. The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) results reported for anorthosite and norite showed relatively low values for dynamic compressive strength compared to the quasi-static uniaxial compressive strength data. It was noticed that the dynamic stress conditions were not fully attained during testing, as well as constant strain rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bushveld%20Complex" title="Bushveld Complex">Bushveld Complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20comperession" title=" dynamic comperession"> dynamic comperession</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock%20brittleness" title=" rock brittleness"> rock brittleness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20equilibrium" title=" stress equilibrium"> stress equilibrium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20596/an-experimental-study-of-dynamic-compressive-strength-of-bushveld-complex-brittle-rocks-under-impact-loadingsa-chemicals-and-fibre-corporation-changhua-branch" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">498</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1310</span> Comparison of Allowable Stress Method and Time History Response Analysis for Seismic Design of Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayuri%20Inoue">Sayuri Inoue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naohiro%20Nakamura"> Naohiro Nakamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsubasa%20Hamada"> Tsubasa Hamada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The seismic design method of buildings is classified into two types: static design and dynamic design. The static design is a design method that exerts static force as seismic force and is a relatively simple design method created based on the experience of seismic motion in the past 100 years. At present, static design is used for most of the Japanese buildings. Dynamic design mainly refers to the time history response analysis. It is a comparatively difficult design method that input the earthquake motion assumed in the building model and examine the response. Currently, it is only used for skyscrapers and specific buildings. In the present design standard in Japan, it is good to use either the design method of the static design and the dynamic design in the medium and high-rise buildings. However, when actually designing middle and high-rise buildings by two kinds of design methods, the relatively simple static design method satisfies the criteria, but in the case of a little difficult dynamic design method, the criterion isn't often satisfied. This is because the dynamic design method was built with the intention of designing super high-rise buildings. In short, higher safety is required as compared with general buildings, and criteria become stricter. The authors consider applying the dynamic design method to general buildings designed by the static design method so far. The reason is that application of the dynamic design method is reasonable for buildings that are out of the conventional standard structural form such as emphasizing design. For the purpose, it is important to compare the design results when the criteria of both design methods are arranged side by side. In this study, we performed time history response analysis to medium-rise buildings that were actually designed with allowable stress method. Quantitative comparison between static design and dynamic design was conducted, and characteristics of both design methods were examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buildings" title="buildings">buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20design" title=" seismic design"> seismic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allowable%20stress%20design" title=" allowable stress design"> allowable stress design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20history%20response%20analysis" title=" time history response analysis"> time history response analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20seismic%20code" title=" Japanese seismic code"> Japanese seismic code</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99520/comparison-of-allowable-stress-method-and-time-history-response-analysis-for-seismic-design-of-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99520.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1309</span> Experimental Investigation of Cup Anemometer under Static and Dynamic Wind Direction Changes: Evaluation of Directional Sensitivity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vaibhav%20Rana">Vaibhav Rana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20Balaresque"> Nicholas Balaresque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 3-cup anemometer is the most commonly used instrument for wind speed measurement and, consequently, for the wind resource assessment. Though the cup anemometer shows accurate measurement under quasi-static conditions, there is uncertainty in the measurement when subjected to field measurement. Sensitivity to the angle of attacks with respect to horizontal plane, dynamic response, and non-linear behavior in calibration due to friction. The presented work aimed to identify the sensitivity of anemometer to non-horizontal flow. The cup anemometer was investigated under low wind speed wind tunnel, first under the static flow direction changes and second under the dynamic direction changes, at a different angle of attacks, under the similar conditions of reference wind tunnel speeds. The cup anemometer response under both conditions was evaluated and compared. The results showed the anemometer under dynamic wind direction changes is highly sensitive compared to static conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20energy" title="wind energy">wind energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cup%20anemometer" title=" cup anemometer"> cup anemometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=directional%20sensitivity" title=" directional sensitivity"> directional sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20behavior" title=" dynamic behavior"> dynamic behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20tunnel" title=" wind tunnel"> wind tunnel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130976/experimental-investigation-of-cup-anemometer-under-static-and-dynamic-wind-direction-changes-evaluation-of-directional-sensitivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1308</span> Circular Raft Footings Strengthened by Stone Columns under Static Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ziaie%20Moayed">R. Ziaie Moayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Mohammadi-Haji"> B. Mohammadi-Haji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stone columns have been widely employed to improve the load-settlement characteristics of soft soils. The results of two small scale displacement control loading tests on stone columns were used in order to validate numerical finite element simulations. Additionally, a series of numerical calculations of static loading have been performed on strengthened raft footing to investigate the effects of using stone columns on bearing capacity of footings. The bearing capacity of single and group of stone columns under static loading compares with unimproved ground. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20raft%20footing" title="circular raft footing">circular raft footing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertically%20encased%20stone%20column" title=" vertically encased stone column"> vertically encased stone column</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43844/circular-raft-footings-strengthened-by-stone-columns-under-static-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1307</span> An Improved Heat Transfer Prediction Model for Film Condensation inside a Tube with Interphacial Shear Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20G.%20Rifert">V. G. Rifert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20V.%20Gorin"> V. V. Gorin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20V.%20Sereda"> V. V. Sereda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20V.%20Treputnev"> V. V. Treputnev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis of heat transfer design methods in condensing inside plain tubes under existing influence of shear stress is presented in this paper. The existing discrepancy in more than 30-50% between rating heat transfer coefficients and experimental data has been noted. The analysis of existing theoretical and semi-empirical methods of heat transfer prediction is given. The influence of a precise definition concerning boundaries of phase flow (it is especially important in condensing inside horizontal tubes), shear stress (friction coefficient) and heat flux on design of heat transfer is shown. The substantiation of boundary conditions of the values of parameters, influencing accuracy of rated relationships, is given. More correct relationships for heat transfer prediction, which showed good convergence with experiments made by different authors, are substantiated in this work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20condensation" title="film condensation">film condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plain%20tube" title=" plain tube"> plain tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20stress" title=" shear stress"> shear stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63984/an-improved-heat-transfer-prediction-model-for-film-condensation-inside-a-tube-with-interphacial-shear-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1306</span> Photomicrograph-Based Neuropathology Consultation in Tanzania; The Utility of Static-Image Neurotelepathology in Low- And Middle-Income Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Zerd">Francis Zerd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20E.%20Moore"> Brian E. Moore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atuganile%20E.%20Malango"> Atuganile E. Malango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20W.%20Hosokawa"> Patrick W. Hosokawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20O.%20Lillehei"> Kevin O. Lillehei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laurence%20Lemery%20Mchome"> Laurence Lemery Mchome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Ryan%20%20Ormond"> D. Ryan Ormond</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Since neuropathologic diagnosis in the developing world is hampered by limitations in technical infrastructure, trained laboratory personnel, and subspecialty-trained pathologists, the use of telepathology for diagnostic support, second-opinion consultations, and ongoing training holds promise as a means of addressing these challenges. This research aims to assess the utility of static teleneuropathology in improving neuropathologic diagnoses in low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Consecutive neurosurgical biopsy and resection specimens obtained at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania between July 1, 2018, and June 30, 2019, were selected for retrospective, blinded static-image neuropathologic review followed by on-site review by an expert neuropathologist. Results: A total of 75 neuropathologic cases were reviewed. The agreement of static images and on-site glass diagnosis was 71% with strict criteria and 88% with less stringent criteria. This represents an overall improvement in diagnostic accuracy from 36% by general pathologists to 71% by a neuropathologist using static telepathology (or 76% to 88% with less stringent criteria). Conclusions: Telepathology offers a suitable means of providing diagnostic support, second-opinion consultations, and ongoing training to pathologists practicing in resource-limited countries. Moreover, static digital teleneuropathology is an uncomplicated, cost-effective, and reliable way to achieve these goals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropathology" title="neuropathology">neuropathology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource-limited%20settings" title=" resource-limited settings"> resource-limited settings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20image" title=" static image"> static image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanzania" title=" Tanzania"> Tanzania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teleneuropathology" title=" teleneuropathology"> teleneuropathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137445/photomicrograph-based-neuropathology-consultation-in-tanzania-the-utility-of-static-image-neurotelepathology-in-low-and-middle-income-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1305</span> Application of Imperialist Competitive Algorithm for Optimal Location and Sizing of Static Compensator Considering Voltage Profile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vahid%20Rashtchi">Vahid Rashtchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashkan%20Pirooz"> Ashkan Pirooz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper applies the Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) to find the optimal place and size of Static Compensator (STATCOM) in power systems. The output of the algorithm is a two dimensional array which indicates the best bus number and STATCOM's optimal size that minimizes all bus voltage deviations from their nominal value. Simulations are performed on IEEE 5, 14, and 30 bus test systems. Also some comparisons have been done between ICA and the famous Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Results show that how this method can be considered as one of the most precise evolutionary methods for the use of optimum compensator placement in electrical grids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20computation" title="evolutionary computation">evolutionary computation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imperialist%20competitive%20algorithm" title=" imperialist competitive algorithm"> imperialist competitive algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20systems%20compensation" title=" power systems compensation"> power systems compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20compensators" title=" static compensators"> static compensators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20profile" title=" voltage profile"> voltage profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15436/application-of-imperialist-competitive-algorithm-for-optimal-location-and-sizing-of-static-compensator-considering-voltage-profile" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15436.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1304</span> Synthesis and Prediction of Activity Spectra of Substances-Assisted Evaluation of Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Hydroquinoline Scaffolds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gizachew%20Mulugeta%20Manahelohe">Gizachew Mulugeta Manahelohe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khidmet%20Safarovich%20Shikhaliev"> Khidmet Safarovich Shikhaliev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There has been a significant surge in interest in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds that contain hydroquinoline fragments. This surge can be attributed to the broad range of pharmaceutical and industrial applications that these compounds possess. The present study provides a comprehensive account of the synthesis of both linear and fused heterocyclic systems that incorporate hydroquinoline fragments. Furthermore, the pharmacological activity spectra of the synthesized compounds were assessed using the in silico method, employing the prediction of activity spectra of substances (PASS) program. Hydroquinoline nitriles 7 and 8 were prepared through the reaction of the corresponding hydroquinolinecarbaldehyde using a hydroxylammonium chloride/pyridine/toluene system and iodine in aqueous ammonia under ambient conditions, respectively. 2-Phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-ones 9a,b and 10a,b were synthesized via the condensation of compounds 5a,b and 6a,b with hippuric acid in acetic acid in 30–60% yield. When activated, 7-methylazolopyrimidines 11a and b were reacted with N-alkyl-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-6-carbaldehydes 6a and b, and triazolo/pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl carboxylic acids 12a and b were obtained in 60–70% yield. The condensation of 7-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetramethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline 3 h with dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) and ethyl acetoacetate afforded cyclic products 16 and 17, respectively. The condensation reaction of 6-formyl-7-hydroxy-1,2,2,4-tetramethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline 5e with methylene-active compounds such as ethyl cyanoacetate/dimethyl-3-oxopentanedioate/ethyl acetoacetate/diethylmalonate/Meldrum’s acid afforded 3-substituted coumarins containing dihydroquinolines 19 and 21. Pentacyclic coumarin 22 was obtained via the random condensation of malononitrile with 5e in the presence of a catalytic amount of piperidine in ethanol. The biological activities of the synthesized compounds were assessed using the PASS program. Based on the prognosis, compounds 13a, b, and 14 exhibited a high likelihood of being active as inhibitors of gluconate 2-dehydrogenase, as well as possessing antiallergic, antiasthmatic, and antiarthritic properties, with a probability value (Pa) ranging from 0.849 to 0.870. Furthermore, it was discovered that hydroquinoline carbonitriles 7 and 8 tended to act as effective progesterone antagonists and displayed antiallergic, antiasthmatic, and antiarthritic effects (Pa = 0.276–0.827). Among the hydroquinolines containing coumarin moieties, compounds 17, 19a, and 19c were predicted to be potent progesterone antagonists, with Pa values of 0.710, 0.630, and 0.615, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterocyclic%20compound" title="heterocyclic compound">heterocyclic compound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroquinoline" title=" hydroquinoline"> hydroquinoline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vilsmeier%E2%80%93Haack%20formulation" title=" Vilsmeier–Haack formulation"> Vilsmeier–Haack formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quinolone" title=" quinolone"> quinolone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186893/synthesis-and-prediction-of-activity-spectra-of-substances-assisted-evaluation-of-heterocyclic-compounds-containing-hydroquinoline-scaffolds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186893.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1303</span> Evaluation of Stone Column Behavior Strengthened Circular Raft Footing under Static Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ziaie%20Moayed">R. Ziaie Moayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Mohammadi-Haji"> B. Mohammadi-Haji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stone columns have been widely employing to improve the load-settlement characteristics of soft soils. The results of two small scale displacement control loading tests on stone columns were used in order to validate numerical finite element simulations. Additionally, a series of numerical calculations of static loading have been performed on strengthened raft footing to investigate the effects of using stone columns on bearing capacity of footings. The bearing capacity of single and group of stone columns under static loading compares with unimproved ground. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20raft%20footing" title="circular raft footing">circular raft footing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20analysis" title=" numerical analysis"> numerical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertically%20encased%20stone%20column" title=" vertically encased stone column"> vertically encased stone column</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48311/evaluation-of-stone-column-behavior-strengthened-circular-raft-footing-under-static-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48311.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1302</span> Quasi-Static Analysis of End Plate Beam-to-Column Connections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Al-Rifaie">A. Al-Rifaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20W.%20Guan"> Z. W. Guan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20W.%20Jones"> S. W. Jones</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a method for modelling and analysing end plate beam-to-column connections to obtain the quasi-static behaviour using non-linear dynamic explicit integration. In addition to its importance to study the static behaviour of a structural member, quasi-static behaviour is largely needed to be compared with the dynamic behaviour of such members in order to investigate the dynamic effect by proposing dynamic increase factors (DIFs). The beam-to-column bolted connections contain various contact surfaces at which the implicit procedure may have difficulties converging, resulting in a large number of iterations. Contrary, explicit procedure could deal effectively with complex contacts without converging problems. Hence, finite element modelling using ABAQUS/explicit is used in this study to address the dynamic effect may be produced using explicit procedure. Also, the effect of loading rate and mass scaling are discussed to investigate their effect on the time of analysis. The results show that the explicit procedure is valuable to model the end plate beam-to-column connections in terms of failure mode, load-displacement relationships. Also, it is concluded that loading rate and mass scaling should be carefully selected to avoid the dynamic effect in the solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasi-static" title="quasi-static">quasi-static</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20plate" title=" end plate"> end plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20elements" title=" finite elements"> finite elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connections" title=" connections"> connections</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73321/quasi-static-analysis-of-end-plate-beam-to-column-connections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73321.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1301</span> Growth Performance and Critical Supersaturation of Heterogeneous Condensation for High Concentration of Insoluble Sub-Micron Particles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Yin">Jie Yin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Zhang"> Jun Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Measuring the growth performance and critical supersaturation of particle group have a high reference value for constructing a supersaturated water vapor environment that can improve the removal efficiency of the high-concentration particle group. The critical supersaturation and the variation of the growth performance with supersaturation for high-concentration particles were measured by a flow cloud chamber. Findings suggest that the influence of particle concentration on the growth performance will reduce with the increase of supersaturation. Reducing residence time and increasing particle concentration have similar effects on the growth performance of the high-concentration particle group. Increasing particle concentration and shortening residence time will increase the critical supersaturation of the particle group. The critical supersaturation required to activate a high-concentration particle group is lower than that of the single-particle when the minimum particle size in the particle group is the same as that of a single particle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-micron%20particles" title="sub-micron particles">sub-micron particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20condensation" title=" heterogeneous condensation"> heterogeneous condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20supersaturation" title=" critical supersaturation"> critical supersaturation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nucleation" title=" nucleation"> nucleation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147194/growth-performance-and-critical-supersaturation-of-heterogeneous-condensation-for-high-concentration-of-insoluble-sub-micron-particles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1300</span> Retrofitting Insulation to Historic Masonry Buildings: Improving Thermal Performance and Maintaining Moisture Movement to Minimize Condensation Risk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moses%20Jenkins">Moses Jenkins</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Much of the focus when improving energy efficiency in buildings fall on the raising of standards within new build dwellings. However, as a significant proportion of the building stock across Europe is of historic or traditional construction, there is also a pressing need to improve the thermal performance of structures of this sort. On average, around twenty percent of buildings across Europe are built of historic masonry construction. In order to meet carbon reduction targets, these buildings will require to be retrofitted with insulation to improve their thermal performance. At the same time, there is also a need to balance this with maintaining the ability of historic masonry construction to allow moisture movement through building fabric to take place. This moisture transfer, often referred to as 'breathable construction', is critical to the success, or otherwise, of retrofit projects. The significance of this paper is to demonstrate that substantial thermal improvements can be made to historic buildings whilst avoiding damage to building fabric through surface or interstitial condensation. The paper will analyze the results of a wide range of retrofit measures installed to twenty buildings as part of Historic Environment Scotland's technical research program. This program has been active for fourteen years and has seen interventions across a wide range of building types, using over thirty different methods and materials to improve the thermal performance of historic buildings. The first part of the paper will present the range of interventions which have been made. This includes insulating mass masonry walls both internally and externally, warm and cold roof insulation and improvements to floors. The second part of the paper will present the results of monitoring work which has taken place to these buildings after being retrofitted. This will be in terms of both thermal improvement, expressed as a U-value as defined in BS EN ISO 7345:1987, and also, crucially, will present the results of moisture monitoring both on the surface of masonry walls the following retrofit and also within the masonry itself. The aim of this moisture monitoring is to establish if there are any problems with interstitial condensation. This monitoring utilizes Interstitial Hygrothermal Gradient Monitoring (IHGM) and similar methods to establish relative humidity on the surface of and within the masonry. The results of the testing are clear and significant for retrofit projects across Europe. Where a building is of historic construction the use of materials for wall, roof and floor insulation which are permeable to moisture vapor provides both significant thermal improvements (achieving a u-value as low as 0.2 Wm²K) whilst avoiding problems of both surface and intestinal condensation. As the evidence which will be presented in the paper comes from monitoring work in buildings rather than theoretical modeling, there are many important lessons which can be learned and which can inform retrofit projects to historic buildings throughout Europe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulation" title="insulation">insulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation" title=" condensation"> condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry" title=" masonry"> masonry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historic" title=" historic"> historic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109449/retrofitting-insulation-to-historic-masonry-buildings-improving-thermal-performance-and-maintaining-moisture-movement-to-minimize-condensation-risk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1299</span> Polymer Aerostatic Thrust Bearing under Circular Support for High Static Stiffness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sy-Wei%20Lo">Sy-Wei Lo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chi-Heng%20Yu"> Chi-Heng Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new design of aerostatic thrust bearing is proposed for high static stiffness. The bearing body, which is mead of polymer covered with metallic membrane, is held by a circular ring. Such a support helps form a concave air gap to grasp the air pressure. The polymer body, which can be made rapidly by either injection or molding is able to provide extra damping under dynamic loading. The smooth membrane not only serves as the bearing surface but also protects the polymer body. The restrictor is a capillary inside a silicone tube. It can passively compensate the variation of load by expanding the capillary diameter for more air flux. In the present example, the stiffness soars from 15.85 N/µm of typical bearing to 349.85 N/µm at bearing elevation 9.5 µm; meanwhile the load capacity also enhances from 346.86 N to 704.18 N. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerostatic" title="aerostatic">aerostatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing" title=" bearing"> bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer" title=" polymer"> polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20stiffness" title=" static stiffness"> static stiffness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30015/polymer-aerostatic-thrust-bearing-under-circular-support-for-high-static-stiffness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30015.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1298</span> The Use of Additives to Prevent Fouling in Polyethylene and Polypropylene Gas and Slurry Phase Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Shafiq">L. Shafiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rigby"> A. Rigby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> All polyethylene processes are highly exothermic, and the safe removal of the heat of reaction is a fundamental issue in the process design. In slurry and gas processes, the velocity of the polymer particles in the reactor and external coolers can be very high, and under certain conditions, this can lead to static charging of these particles. Such static charged polymer particles may start building up on the reactor wall, limiting heat transfer, and ultimately leading to severe reactor fouling and forced reactor shut down. Statsafe™ is an FDA approved anti-fouling additive currently used around the world for polyolefin production as an anti-fouling additive. The unique polymer chemistry aids static discharge, which prevents the build-up of charged polyolefin particles, which could lead to fouling. Statsafe™ is being used and trailed in gas, slurry, and a combination of these technologies around the world. We will share data to demonstrate how the use of Statsafe™ allows more stable operation at higher solids level by eliminating static, which would otherwise prevent closer packing of particles in the hydrocarbon slurry. Because static charge generation depends also on the concentration of polymer particles in the slurry, the maximum slurry concentration can be higher when using Statsafe™, leading to higher production rates. The elimination of fouling also leads to less downtime. Special focus will be made on the impact anti-static additives have on catalyst performance within the polymerization process and how this has been measured. Lab-scale studies have investigated the effect on the activity of Ziegler Natta catalysts when anti-static additives are used at various concentrations in gas and slurry, polyethylene and polypropylene processes. An in-depth gas phase study investigated the effect of additives on the final polyethylene properties such as particle size, morphology, fines, bulk density, melt flow index, gradient density, and melting point. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-static%20additives" title="anti-static additives">anti-static additives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalyst%20performance" title=" catalyst performance"> catalyst performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FDA%20approved%20anti-fouling%20additive" title=" FDA approved anti-fouling additive"> FDA approved anti-fouling additive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymerisation" title=" polymerisation"> polymerisation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116547/the-use-of-additives-to-prevent-fouling-in-polyethylene-and-polypropylene-gas-and-slurry-phase-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">203</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1297</span> Static Eccentricity Fault Diagnosis in Synchronous Reluctance Motor and Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Naeimi">M. Naeimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Aghazadeh"> H. Aghazadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Afjei"> E. Afjei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Siadatan"> A. Siadatan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a novel view of air gap magnetic field analysis of synchronous reluctance motor and permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor under static eccentricity to provide the precise fault diagnosis based on three-dimensional finite element method is presented. Analytical nature of this method makes it possible to simulate reliable and precise model by considering the end effects and axial fringing effects. The results of the three-dimensional finite element analysis of synchronous reluctance motor and permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor such as flux linkage, flux density, and compression both of SynRM and PM-SynRM for various eccentric motor conditions are obtained and analyzed. These results present useful information regarding to the detection of static eccentricity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20reluctance%20motor%20%28SynRM%29" title="synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM)">synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20magnet%20assisted%20synchronous%20reluctance%20motor%20%28PMaSynRM%29" title=" permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMaSynRM)"> permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMaSynRM)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20eccentricity" title=" static eccentricity"> static eccentricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20analysis" title=" fault analysis"> fault analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87636/static-eccentricity-fault-diagnosis-in-synchronous-reluctance-motor-and-permanent-magnet-assisted-synchronous-reluctance-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1296</span> Diagnosis Of Static, Dynamic, And Mixed Eccentricity In Line Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor By Using FEM </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Moustafa%20Mahmoud%20Sedky">Mohamed Moustafa Mahmoud Sedky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In line start permanent magnet synchronous motor, eccentricity is a common fault that can make it necessary to remove the motor from the production line. However, because the motor may be inaccessible, diagnosing the fault is not easy. This paper presents an FEM that identifies different models, static eccentricity, dynamic eccentricity, and mixed eccentricity, at no load and full load. The method overcomes the difficulty of applying FEMs to transient behavior. It simulates motor speed, torque and flux density distribution along the air gap for SE, DE, and ME. This paper represents the various effects of different eccentricities types on the transient performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20start%20permanent%20magnet" title="line start permanent magnet">line start permanent magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20machine" title=" synchronous machine"> synchronous machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20eccentricity" title=" static eccentricity"> static eccentricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20eccentricity" title=" dynamic eccentricity"> dynamic eccentricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed%20eccentricity" title=" mixed eccentricity"> mixed eccentricity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4065/diagnosis-of-static-dynamic-and-mixed-eccentricity-in-line-start-permanent-magnet-synchronous-motor-by-using-fem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1295</span> Dynamic Thin Film Morphology near the Contact Line of a Condensing Droplet: Nanoscale Resolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbasali%20Abouei%20Mehrizi">Abbasali Abouei Mehrizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao%20Wang"> Hao Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The thin film region is so important in heat transfer process due to its low thermal resistance. On the other hand, the dynamic contact angle is crucial boundary condition in numerical simulations. While different modeling contains different assumption of the microscopic contact angle, none of them has experimental evidence for their assumption, and the contact line movement mechanism still remains vague. The experimental investigation in complete wetting is more popular than partial wetting, especially in nanoscale resolution when there is sharp variation in thin film profile in partial wetting. In the present study, an experimental investigation of water film morphology near the triple phase contact line during the condensation is performed. The state-of-the-art tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) was used to get the high-resolution film profile goes down to 2 nm from the contact line. The droplet was put in saturated chamber. The pristine silicon wafer was used as a smooth substrate. The substrate was heated by PI film heater. So the chamber would be over saturated by droplet evaporation. By turning off the heater, water vapor gradually started condensing on the droplet and the droplet advanced. The advancing speed was less than 20 nm/s. The dominant results indicate that in contrast to nonvolatile liquid, the film profile goes down straightly to the surface till 2 nm from the substrate. However, small bending has been observed below 20 nm, occasionally. So, it can be claimed that for the low condensation rate the microscopic contact angle equals to the optically detectable macroscopic contact angle. This result can be used to simplify the heat transfer modeling in partial wetting. The experimental result of the equality of microscopic and macroscopic contact angle can be used as a solid evidence for using this boundary condition in numerical simulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advancing" title="advancing">advancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condensation" title=" condensation"> condensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microscopic%20contact%20angle" title=" microscopic contact angle"> microscopic contact angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20wetting" title=" partial wetting"> partial wetting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69914/dynamic-thin-film-morphology-near-the-contact-line-of-a-condensing-droplet-nanoscale-resolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1294</span> Static Strain Aging in Ferritic and Austenitic Stainless Steels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Songul%20Kurucay">Songul Kurucay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Acarer"> Mustafa Acarer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harun%20Sepet"> Harun Sepet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Static strain aging occurs when metallic materials are subjected to deformation and then heat treated at low temperatures such as 150-200oC. Static strain aging occurs in BCC metals and results and increasing in yield and tensile strength and decreasing ductility due to carbon and/or nitrogen atoms locking dislocations. The locked dislocations increase yield and tensile strength. In this study, static strain aging behaviors of ferritic and austenitic stainless steel were investigated. Ferritic stainless steel was prestained at %5, %10 and %15 and then aged at 150oC and 200oC for 30 minutes. Austenitic stainless steel was also prestained at %20 and %30 and then heat treated at 200, 400 and 600oC for 30 minutes. After the heat treatment, the tensile test was performed to determine the effect of prestain and heat treatment on the steels. Hardness measurements and detailed microstructure characterization were also done. While AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel sample which was prestained at 15% and aged at 200oC, showed the highest increasing in the yield strength, AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel which was prestained at 30% and aged at 600oC, has the highest yield strength. Microstructure photographs also support the mechanical test results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=austenitic%20stainless%20steel" title="austenitic stainless steel">austenitic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferritic%20stainless%20steel" title=" ferritic stainless steel"> ferritic stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20strain%20aging" title=" static strain aging"> static strain aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20strength" title=" tensile strength"> tensile strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37051/static-strain-aging-in-ferritic-and-austenitic-stainless-steels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37051.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">440</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1293</span> Static and Dynamic Analysis on a Buddhism Goddess Guanyin in Shuangyashan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong%20Kangming">Gong Kangming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhao%20Caiqi"> Zhao Caiqi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-rise special-shaped structure, such as main frame structure of the statues, is one of the structure forms in irregular structure widely used. Due to the complex shape of the statue structure, with a large aspect ratio, its wind load value and the overall mechanical properties are very different from the high-rise buildings with the general rules. The paper taking a certain 48 meters high main frame structure of the statue located in Shuangyashan City, Heilongjiang Province, static and dynamic properties are analyzed by the finite element software. Through static and dynamic analysis, it got a number of useful conclusions that have a certain reference value for the analysis and design of the future similar structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=a%20Buddhism%20goddess%20Guanyin%20body" title="a Buddhism goddess Guanyin body">a Buddhism goddess Guanyin body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wind%20load" title=" wind load"> wind load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20analysis" title=" dynamic analysis"> dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bolster" title=" bolster"> bolster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=node%20design" title=" node design"> node design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31816/static-and-dynamic-analysis-on-a-buddhism-goddess-guanyin-in-shuangyashan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1292</span> Environmentally Benign Synthesis of 2-Pyrazolines and Cyclohexenones Incorporating Naphthalene Moiety and Their Antimicrobial Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Bogami%20Abdullah%20Saad">Al-Bogami Abdullah Saad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We reported the environmental benign synthesis of chalcones, 2-pyrazolines and cyclohexanones under microwave irradiation. Chalcones were obtained by the condensation of each of 2-hydroxyacetophenone derivatives with α-naphthaldehyde under microwave irradiation. The condensation reactions of each of synthesized chalcones with phenyl hydrazine under microwave irradiation in the presence of dry acetic acid as a cyclizing agent gave 2-pyrazolines. Also, the new cyclohexenone derivatives, valuable intermediates to synthesize fused heterocycles, have been prepared by the cyclocondensation of each of hydroxychalcones with ethyl acetoacetate. The structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by Infrared (IR) spectrometry, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Mass Spectrometry(MS) and elmental analysis. The results indicate that unlike classical heating, microwave irradiation results in higher yields with shorter and cleaner reactions. The synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida Albicans and Aspergillus niger. We clarified the effects of different substituents in the tested compounds on the obtaind antibacterial activities and antifungal activities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20irradiation" title="microwave irradiation">microwave irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-Hydroxyacetophenone" title=" 2-Hydroxyacetophenone"> 2-Hydroxyacetophenone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B1-Naphthaldehyde" title=" α-Naphthaldehyde"> α-Naphthaldehyde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrazoline" title=" pyrazoline"> pyrazoline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclohexenone" title=" cyclohexenone"> cyclohexenone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20activity" title=" antimicrobial activity"> antimicrobial activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30468/environmentally-benign-synthesis-of-2-pyrazolines-and-cyclohexenones-incorporating-naphthalene-moiety-and-their-antimicrobial-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30468.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1291</span> Analysis of Artificial Hip Joint Using Finite Element Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Zameer">Syed Zameer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Haneef"> Mohamed Haneef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hip joint plays very important role in human beings as it takes up the whole body forces generated due to various activities. These loads are repetitive and fluctuating depending on the activities such as standing, sitting, jogging, stair casing, climbing, etc. which may lead to failure of Hip joint. Hip joint modification and replacement are common in old aged persons as well as younger persons. In this research study static and Fatigue analysis of Hip joint model was carried out using finite element software ANSYS. Stress distribution obtained from result of static analysis, material properties and S-N curve data of fabricated Ultra High molecular weight polyethylene / 50 wt% short E glass fibres + 40 wt% TiO2 Polymer matrix composites specimens were used to estimate fatigue life of Hip joint using stiffness Degradation model for polymer matrix composites. The stress distribution obtained from static analysis was found to be within the acceptable range.The factor of safety calculated from linear Palmgren linear damage rule is less than one, which indicates the component is safe under the design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20joint" title="hip joint">hip joint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20matrix%20composite" title=" polymer matrix composite"> polymer matrix composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20analysis" title=" static analysis"> static analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20analysis" title=" fatigue analysis"> fatigue analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20life%20approach" title=" stress life approach"> stress life approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20794/analysis-of-artificial-hip-joint-using-finite-element-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1290</span> Static Output Feedback Control of a Two-Wheeled Inverted Pendulum Using Sliding Mode Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yankun%20Yang">Yankun Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinggang%20Yan"> Xinggang Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Konstantinos%20Sirlantzis"> Konstantinos Sirlantzis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gareth%20Howells"> Gareth Howells</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a static output feedback sliding mode control method to regulate a two-wheeled inverted pendulum system with considerations of matched and unmatched uncertainties. A sliding surface is designed and the associated sliding motion stability is analysed based on the reduced-order dynamics. A static output sliding mode control law is synthesised to drive the system to the sliding surface and maintain a sliding motion afterwards. The nonlinear bounds on the uncertainties are employed in the stability analysis and control design to improve the robustness. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-wheeled%20inverted%20pendulum" title="two-wheeled inverted pendulum">two-wheeled inverted pendulum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=output%20feedback%20sliding%20mode%20control" title=" output feedback sliding mode control"> output feedback sliding mode control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20systems" title=" nonlinear systems"> nonlinear systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotics" title=" robotics"> robotics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139281/static-output-feedback-control-of-a-two-wheeled-inverted-pendulum-using-sliding-mode-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1289</span> Structural Properties of Polar Liquids in Binary Mixture Using Microwave Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shagufta%20Tabassum">Shagufta Tabassum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20P.%20Pawar"> V. P. Pawar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study of static dielectric properties in a binary mixture of 1,2 dichloroethane (DE) and n,n dimethylformamide (DMF) polar liquids has been carried out in the frequency range of 10 MHz to 30 GHz for 11 different concentration using time domain reflectometry technique at 10ºC temperature. The dielectric relaxation study of solute-solvent mixture at microwave frequencies gives information regarding the creation of monomers and multimers as well as interaction between the molecules of the binary mixture. The least squares fit method is used to determine the values of dielectric parameters such as static dielectric constant (ε<sub>0</sub>), dielectric constant at high frequency (ε<sub>∞</sub>) and relaxation time (τ). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shagufta%20shaikhexcess%20parameters" title="shagufta shaikhexcess parameters">shagufta shaikhexcess parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relaxation%20time" title=" relaxation time"> relaxation time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20dielectric%20constant" title=" static dielectric constant"> static dielectric constant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20domain%20reflectometry" title=" time domain reflectometry"> time domain reflectometry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87837/structural-properties-of-polar-liquids-in-binary-mixture-using-microwave-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1288</span> Model Solutions for Performance-Based Seismic Analysis of an Anchored Sheet Pile Quay Wall</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20J.%20W.%20Habets">C. J. W. Habets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20J.%20Peters"> D. J. Peters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20G.%20de%20Gijt"> J. G. de Gijt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Metrikine"> A. V. Metrikine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20N.%20Jonkman"> S. N. Jonkman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conventional seismic designs of quay walls in ports are mostly based on pseudo-static analysis. A more advanced alternative is the Performance-Based Design (PBD) method, which evaluates permanent deformations and amounts of (repairable) damage under seismic loading. The aim of this study is to investigate the suitability of this method for anchored sheet pile quay walls that were not purposely designed for seismic loads. A research methodology is developed in which pseudo-static, permanent-displacement and finite element analysis are employed, calibrated with an experimental reference case that considers a typical anchored sheet pile wall. A reduction factor that accounts for deformation behaviour is determined for pseudo-static analysis. A model to apply traditional permanent displacement analysis on anchored sheet pile walls is proposed. Dynamic analysis is successfully carried out. From the research it is concluded that PBD evaluation can effectively be used for seismic analysis and design of this type of structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anchored%20sheet%20pile%20quay%20wall" title="anchored sheet pile quay wall">anchored sheet pile quay wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simplified%20dynamic%20analysis" title=" simplified dynamic analysis"> simplified dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance-based%20design" title=" performance-based design"> performance-based design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudo-static%20analysis" title=" pseudo-static analysis"> pseudo-static analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42173/model-solutions-for-performance-based-seismic-analysis-of-an-anchored-sheet-pile-quay-wall" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1287</span> Coarse-Grained Molecular Simulations to Estimate Thermophysical Properties of Phase Equilibria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hai%20Hoang">Hai Hoang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanh%20Xuan%20Nguyen%20Thi"> Thanh Xuan Nguyen Thi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guillaume%20Galliero"> Guillaume Galliero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coarse-Grained (CG) molecular simulations have shown to be an efficient way to estimate thermophysical (static and dynamic) properties of fluids. Several strategies have been developed and reported in the literature for defining CG molecular models. Among them, those based on a top-down strategy (i.e. CG molecular models related to macroscopic observables), despite being heuristic, have increasingly gained attention. This is probably due to its simplicity in implementation and its ability to provide reasonable results for not only simple but also complex systems. Regarding simple Force-Fields associated with these CG molecular models, it has been found that the four parameters Mie chain model is one of the best compromises to describe thermophysical static properties (e.g. phase diagram, saturation pressure). However, parameterization procedures of these Mie-chain GC molecular models given in literature are generally insufficient to simultaneously provide static and dynamic (e.g. viscosity) properties. To deal with such situations, we have extended the corresponding states by using a quantity associated with the liquid viscosity. Results obtained from molecular simulations have shown that our approach is able to yield good estimates for both static and dynamic thermophysical properties for various real non-associating fluids. In addition, we will show that on simple (e.g. phase diagram, saturation pressure) and complex (e.g. thermodynamic response functions, thermodynamic energy potentials) static properties, results of our scheme generally provides improved results compared to existing approaches. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coarse-grained%20model" title="coarse-grained model">coarse-grained model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mie%20potential" title=" mie potential"> mie potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20simulations" title=" molecular simulations"> molecular simulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermophysical%20properties" title=" thermophysical properties"> thermophysical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20equilibria" title=" phase equilibria"> phase equilibria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58392/coarse-grained-molecular-simulations-to-estimate-thermophysical-properties-of-phase-equilibria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1286</span> Study on Carbon Nanostructures Influence on Changes in Static Friction Forces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafa%C5%82%20Urbaniak">Rafał Urbaniak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20K%C5%82osowiak"> Robert Kłosowiak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Micha%C5%82%20Cia%C5%82kowski"> Michał Ciałkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaros%C5%82aw%20Bartoszewicz"> Jarosław Bartoszewicz </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Chair of Thermal Engineering at Poznan University of Technology has been conducted research works on the possibilities of using carbon nanostructures in energy and mechanics applications for a couple of years. Those studies have provided results in a form of co-operation with foreign research centres, numerous publications and patent applications. Authors of this paper have studied the influence of multi-walled carbon nanostructures on changes in static friction arising when steel surfaces were moved. Tests were made using the original test stand consisting of automatically controlled inclined plane driven by precise stepper motors. Computer program created in the LabView environment was responsible for monitoring of the stand operation, accuracy of measurements and archiving the obtained results. Such a solution enabled to obtain high accuracy and repeatability of all conducted experiments. Tests and analysis of the obtained results allowed us to determine how additional layers of carbon nanostructures influenced on changes of static friction coefficients. At the same time, we analyzed the potential possibilities of applying nanostructures under consideration in mechanics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotubes" title="carbon nanotubes">carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20friction" title=" static friction"> static friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20friction" title=" dynamic friction"> dynamic friction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26601/study-on-carbon-nanostructures-influence-on-changes-in-static-friction-forces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1285</span> Design of Structure for a Heavy-Duty Mineral Tow Machine by Evaluating the Dynamic and Static Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Akhondizadeh">M. Akhondizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Khajoei"> Mohsen Khajoei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Khajoei"> Mojtaba Khajoei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the present work was the design of a towing machine which was decided to be manufactured by Arman Gohar-e-Sirjan company in the Gol-e-Gohar iron ore complex in Iran. The load analysis has been conducted to determine the static and dynamic loads at the critical conditions. The inertial forces due to the velocity increment and road bump have been considered in load evaluation. The form of loading of the present machine is hauling and/or conveying the mineral machines on the mini ramp. Several stages of these forms of loading, from the initial touch of the tow and carried machine to the final position, have been assessed to determine the critical state. The stress analysis has been performed by the ANSYS software. Several geometries for the main load-carrying elements have been analyzed to have the optimum design by the minimum weight of the structure. Finally, a structure with a total weight of 38 tons has been designed with a static load-carrying capacity of 80 tons by considering the 40 tons additional capacity for dynamic effects. The stress analysis for 120 tons load gives the minimum safety factor of 1.18. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20design" title="mechanical design">mechanical design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20analysis" title=" stress analysis"> stress analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tow%20structure" title=" tow structure"> tow structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20load" title=" dynamic load"> dynamic load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20load" title=" static load"> static load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149887/design-of-structure-for-a-heavy-duty-mineral-tow-machine-by-evaluating-the-dynamic-and-static-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149887.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1284</span> Dynamic Environmental Impact Study during the Construction of the French Nuclear Power Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Er-Raki">A. Er-Raki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Hartmann"> D. Hartmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20P.%20Belaud"> J. P. Belaud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Negny"> S. Negny </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper has a double purpose: firstly, a literature review of the life cycle analysis (LCA) and secondly a comparison between conventional (static) LCA and multi-level dynamic LCA on the following items: (i) inventories evolution with time (ii) temporal evolution of the databases. The first part of the paper summarizes the state of the art of the static LCA approach. The different static LCA limits have been identified and especially the non-consideration of the spatial and temporal evolution in the inventory, for the characterization factors (FCs) and into the databases. Then a description of the different levels of integration of the notion of temporality in life cycle analysis studies was made. In the second part, the dynamic inventory has been evaluated firstly for a single nuclear plant and secondly for the entire French nuclear power fleet by taking into account the construction durations of all the plants. In addition, the databases have been adapted by integrating the temporal variability of the French energy mix. Several iterations were used to converge towards the real environmental impact of the energy mix. Another adaptation of the databases to take into account the temporal evolution of the market data of the raw material was made. An identification of the energy mix of the time studied was based on an extrapolation of the production reference values of each means of production. An application to the construction of the French nuclear power plants from 1971 to 2000 has been performed, in which a dynamic inventory of raw material has been evaluated. Then the impacts were characterized by the ILCD 2011 characterization method. In order to compare with a purely static approach, a static impact assessment was made with the V 3.4 Ecoinvent data sheets without adaptation and a static inventory considering that all the power stations would have been built at the same time. Finally, a comparison between static and dynamic LCA approaches was set up to determine the gap between them for each of the two levels of integration. The results were analyzed to identify the contribution of the evolving nuclear power fleet construction to the total environmental impacts of the French energy mix during the same period. An equivalent strategy using a dynamic approach will further be applied to identify the environmental impacts that different scenarios of the energy transition could bring, allowing to choose the best energy mix from an environmental viewpoint. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCA" title="LCA">LCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static" title=" static"> static</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic" title=" dynamic"> dynamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory" title=" inventory"> inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20energy" title=" nuclear energy"> nuclear energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20mix" title=" energy mix"> energy mix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20transition" title=" energy transition"> energy transition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108601/dynamic-environmental-impact-study-during-the-construction-of-the-french-nuclear-power-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20condensation&page=2" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20condensation&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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