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</ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Brosmer" title="Betty Brosmer – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Betty Brosmer" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Brosmer" title="Betty Brosmer – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Betty Brosmer" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4898764#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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searchaux" style="display:none">American model and fitness advocate</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Betty Brosmer</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Brosmer,_Feminine_Form_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Betty_Brosmer%2C_Feminine_Form_6.jpg/220px-Betty_Brosmer%2C_Feminine_Form_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Betty_Brosmer%2C_Feminine_Form_6.jpg/330px-Betty_Brosmer%2C_Feminine_Form_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Betty_Brosmer%2C_Feminine_Form_6.jpg/440px-Betty_Brosmer%2C_Feminine_Form_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1533" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Brosmer on the cover of <i>Feminine Form</i> magazine #6, 1959</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Betty Chloe Brosemer</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1929-08-06</span>) </span>August 6, 1929<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 95)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_California" title="Pasadena, California">Pasadena, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Betty Weider</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Model</li><li>fitness trainer</li><li>author</li><li>speaker</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">5 ft 5 in (1.65 m)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Weider" title="Joe Weider">Joe Weider</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1961; died 2013)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bettyweider.com">www<wbr />.bettyweider<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Betty Brosmer</b> (born <b>Betty Chloe Brosemer</b>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> August 6, 1929), later known by her married name <b>Betty Weider</b>, is an American former <a href="/wiki/Professional_bodybuilding" title="Professional bodybuilding">bodybuilder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Physical_fitness" title="Physical fitness">physical fitness</a> expert. During the 1950s, she was a popular commercial <a href="/wiki/Model_(person)" title="Model (person)">model</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pin-up_girl" class="mw-redirect" title="Pin-up girl">pin-up girl</a>. </p><p>After marrying magazine publisher <a href="/wiki/Joe_Weider" title="Joe Weider">Joe Weider</a> on April 24, 1961, she began a lengthy career as a spokesperson and trainer in the health and <a href="/wiki/Bodybuilding" title="Bodybuilding">bodybuilding</a> movements. She has been a longtime magazine columnist and co-authored several books on fitness and <a href="/wiki/Physical_exercise" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical exercise">physical exercise</a>. </p><p>In 2014, she was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/International_Sports_Hall_of_Fame" title="International Sports Hall of Fame">International Sports Hall of Fame</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along with Joe and <a href="/wiki/Ben_Weider" title="Ben Weider">Ben Weider</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brosmer was born in <a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_California" title="Pasadena, California">Pasadena, California</a>, on August 6, 1929, to Andrew Brosemer and Vendla Alvaria Pippenger.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan215-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She lived her early childhood in <a href="/wiki/Carmel-by-the-Sea,_California" title="Carmel-by-the-Sea, California">Carmel</a> but later, from about the age of ten, grew up in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>. Small and slight of frame, Brosmer embarked on a personal <a href="/wiki/Bodybuilding" title="Bodybuilding">bodybuilding</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weight_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Weight training">weight training</a> regimen before she was a teenager. Raised as a <a href="/wiki/Sports_fan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports fan">sports fan</a> by her father, she excelled in youth athletics and was "something of a <a href="/wiki/Tomboy" title="Tomboy">tomboy</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan215-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A photo of Brosmer appeared in the <a href="/wiki/Sears_catalog" class="mw-redirect" title="Sears catalog">Sears & Roebuck catalog</a> when she was 13 years old. The following year she visited <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> with her aunt and posed for pictures with a professional photographic studio; one of her photos was sold to <a href="/wiki/Emerson_Electric" title="Emerson Electric">Emerson Televisions</a> for use in commercial advertising, and it became a widely used promotional piece, printed in national magazines for several years thereafter.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan215-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modeling_career">Modeling career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modeling career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brosmer returned to Los Angeles and was soon asked to pose for two of the most celebrated <a href="/wiki/List_of_pin-up_artists" title="List of pin-up artists">pin-up artists</a> of the era, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Vargas" title="Alberto Vargas">Alberto Vargas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Earl_Moran" title="Earl Moran">Earl Moran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan215-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Encouraged, her aunt took her back to New York City again in 1950, and this time they took up residency. Brosmer built her photographic portfolio while attending <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_High_School_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Washington High School (New York City)">George Washington High School</a> in Manhattan.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan215-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite her age, over the next four years Brosmer found frequent work as a <a href="/wiki/Commercial_model" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial model">commercial model</a>, and graced the covers of many of the ubiquitous postwar "<a href="/wiki/Pulp_magazines" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulp magazines">pulps</a>": popular romance and crime magazines and books. As she explained, "When I was 15, I was made up to look like I was about 25".<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan216_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan216-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of her most famous photo work during this period include <a href="/wiki/Glamour_photography" title="Glamour photography">glamour</a> appearances in <i><a href="/wiki/Picture_Show_(magazine)" title="Picture Show (magazine)">Picture Show</a></i> (December 1950, cover); <i><a href="/wiki/People_Today_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="People Today (magazine)">People Today</a></i> (July 1954, centerspread); <i><a href="/wiki/Photo_(American_magazine)" title="Photo (American magazine)">Photo</a></i> (January 1955); and <i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Man_(magazine)" title="Modern Man (magazine)">Modern Man</a></i> (February 1955; May 1955).<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan218-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was also employed as a <a href="/wiki/Fashion_model" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashion model">fashion model</a>, and in 1954 posed for <a href="/wiki/Christian_Dior_SE" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Dior SE">Christian Dior</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She won numerous New York area <a href="/wiki/Beauty_contest" class="mw-redirect" title="Beauty contest">beauty contests</a> in the early 1950s, most famously "Miss Television"; in that capacity she appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a></i>, as well as on the widely seen programs of <a href="/wiki/Steve_Allen" title="Steve Allen">Steve Allen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milton_Berle" title="Milton Berle">Milton Berle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Gleason" title="Jackie Gleason">Jackie Gleason</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan218-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her fame had grown so much by the age of eighteen that when she left New York and returned to California – this time to <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a> – her departure was noted in the celebrity column of <a href="/wiki/Walter_Winchell" title="Walter Winchell">Walter Winchell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Back on the West Coast, Brosmer maintained a busy freelance workload in fashion and commercial modeling, while at the same time continuing her education, majoring in psychology at <a href="/wiki/UCLA" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLA">UCLA</a>. She also entered into a lucrative contract with the glamour photographer Keith Bernard, and she worked steadily with him for the rest of the decade.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan218-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For Bernard, a well-established photographer who had worked with <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Monroe" title="Marilyn Monroe">Marilyn Monroe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jayne_Mansfield" title="Jayne Mansfield">Jayne Mansfield</a>, Brosmer would prove to be the top-selling <a href="/wiki/Pin-up_model" title="Pin-up model">pin-up model</a> of his career.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brosmer's publication work during the late 1950s includes appearances in <i>Modern Man</i> (October 1956, cover); <i><a href="/wiki/Photoplay" title="Photoplay">Photoplay</a></i> (April 1958, cover); and <i><a href="/wiki/Rogue_(magazine)" title="Rogue (magazine)">Rogue</a></i> (July 1958 and February 1959, covers).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, Brosmer was said to be the highest paid pin-up model in the United States<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – she was seen in "virtually every men's magazine of the era".<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan221_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan221-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Playboy_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Playboy (magazine)"><i>Playboy</i></a> magazine pursued Brosmer for an exclusive pictorial, and a photo shoot was set up in <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Beverly Hills">Beverly Hills</a>. The resulting picture set was rejected, however, after Brosmer declined to do any nude posing: "I wore sort of a half-bra or low demi-bra with nothing showing ... and that's what I thought they wanted."<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan220_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan220-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Playboy</i> threatened a lawsuit over the alleged breach of contract, but ultimately relinquished the case. The photos were eventually sold to <i>Escapade</i> magazine and published in its anthology issue <i>Escapade's Choicest #3</i> (1959).<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan222_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan222-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brosmer never did any nude or semi-nude modeling throughout her long career: as she explained later in life, "I didn't think it was immoral, but I just didn't want to cause problems for others ... I thought it would embarrass my future husband and my family".<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan220_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan220-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>That future husband would turn out to be bodybuilding enthusiast and magazine publisher <a href="/wiki/Joe_Weider" title="Joe Weider">Joe Weider</a>, who had first become aware of Brosmer through his contact with Keith Bernard for fitness models.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan218-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brosmer's first photos for a Weider magazine appeared as a four-page layout in <i>Figure & Beauty</i> in December 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan222_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan222-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After that, Weider regularly sought out her work among Bernard's submissions. She was known to be his favorite model and he requested her more and more frequently after their first face-to-face meeting in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan223_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan223-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The two grew close due to their mutual professional and personal interests in fitness and psychology, and they were married on April 24, 1961.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan223_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan223-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The marriage was Joe Weider's second, and he had one daughter from his previous wife; he and Brosmer had no children together. Their marriage would last over fifty years, until Joe Weider's death in 2013 at the age of 93.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTobit2013_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTobit2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fitness_career">Fitness career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fitness career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Betty_Weider_and_Arnold_Schwarzenegger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Betty_Weider_and_Arnold_Schwarzenegger.jpg/220px-Betty_Weider_and_Arnold_Schwarzenegger.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Betty_Weider_and_Arnold_Schwarzenegger.jpg/330px-Betty_Weider_and_Arnold_Schwarzenegger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Betty_Weider_and_Arnold_Schwarzenegger.jpg/440px-Betty_Weider_and_Arnold_Schwarzenegger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Betty Weider and <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger" title="Arnold Schwarzenegger">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a> in 2016</figcaption></figure> <p>After marriage, Brosmer (now known as Betty Weider) ceased posing as a pin-up, but she continued to be frequently photographed. For many years she was seen routinely in Weider publications helping to advertise a wide range of fitness products.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan224-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She remained a highly visible presence among the various magazines, and was continuously included in their editorial photo work as well. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, she appeared in many pictorial layouts, and also often on the covers of Weider titles like <i>Jem</i>, <i>Vigor</i>, and <i>Muscle Builder</i>. Her later cover appearances were often paired with champion bodybuilders of the day, such as <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger" title="Arnold Schwarzenegger">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dave_Draper" title="Dave Draper">Dave Draper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Zane" title="Frank Zane">Frank Zane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Mentzer" title="Mike Mentzer">Mike Mentzer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robby_Robinson_(bodybuilder)" title="Robby Robinson (bodybuilder)">Robby Robinson</a>; her final cover shot was on <i>Muscle and Fitness</i> in May 1988, with <a href="/wiki/Larry_Scott_(bodybuilder)" title="Larry Scott (bodybuilder)">Larry Scott</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan225_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan225-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under her marital name Betty Weider, she served as a regular contributing writer for <i><a href="/wiki/Muscle_and_Fitness" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscle and Fitness">Muscle and Fitness</a></i> for over three decades. As her writing style developed, she focused on her own monthly <i>M&F</i> columns, "Body by Betty" and "Health by Betty". She also worked as associate editor for the female-oriented Weider magazine, <a href="/wiki/Shape_(magazine)" title="Shape (magazine)"><i>Shape</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan224-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With her husband, she authored two book-length fitness guides, <i>The Weider Book of Bodybuilding for Women</i> (1981) and <i>The Weider Body Book</i> (1984).<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan224-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Joyce Vedral, she designed an all-ages workout regimen for women, published in 1993 as <i>Better and Better</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan225_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan225-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, the Weiders donated $1 million to the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a> to support the <a href="/wiki/Physical_culture" title="Physical culture">physical culture</a> collection of the <a href="/wiki/H.J._Lutcher_Stark_Center_for_Physical_Culture_and_Sports" title="H.J. Lutcher Stark Center for Physical Culture and Sports">H.J. Lutcher Stark Center for Physical Culture and Sports</a>. The gift was key to the Stark Center's establishment of a permanent exhibition space, now known as the Joe and Betty Weider Museum of Physical Culture. The museum holds hundreds of items in its 10,000-square-foot gallery space, and was opened to the public in August 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dirty_Dozen" title="The Dirty Dozen">The Dirty Dozen</a></i> (1967), pin-ups of Brosmer can be seen on the walls of the MP barracks.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan223_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan223-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Posters of her are also seen hanging on gym walls in the documentary <i><a href="/wiki/Pumping_Iron" title="Pumping Iron">Pumping Iron</a></i> (1977), and she makes a walk-on appearance as an audience member at a bodybuilding competition in <i><a href="/wiki/Pumping_Iron_II:_The_Women" title="Pumping Iron II: The Women">Pumping Iron II: The Women</a></i> (1985).<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan224-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She is portrayed by actress <a href="/wiki/Julianne_Hough" title="Julianne Hough">Julianne Hough</a> in the Weider family biopic <i><a href="/wiki/Bigger_(film)" title="Bigger (film)">Bigger</a></i> (2018).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWeiderWeider1981" class="citation book cs1">Weider, Betty; Weider, Joe (1981). <i>The Weider Book of Bodybuilding for Women</i>. Chicago: Contemporary Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0809259060" title="Special:BookSources/0809259060"><bdi>0809259060</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Weider+Book+of+Bodybuilding+for+Women&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=Contemporary+Books&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0809259060&rft.aulast=Weider&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft.au=Weider%2C+Joe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiderWeider1984" class="citation book cs1">Weider, Betty; Weider, Joe (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/weiderbodybook00weid"><i>The Weider Body Book</i></a>. Chicago: Contemporary Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0809254293" title="Special:BookSources/978-0809254293"><bdi>978-0809254293</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Weider+Body+Book&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=Contemporary+Books&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0809254293&rft.aulast=Weider&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft.au=Weider%2C+Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fweiderbodybook00weid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiderVedral1993" class="citation book cs1">Weider, Betty; Vedral, Joyce L. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/betterbettersixw00weid"><i>Better and Better: Six Weeks to a Great Shape at Any Age</i></a>. New York: Dell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0440503132" title="Special:BookSources/0440503132"><bdi>0440503132</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Better+and+Better%3A+Six+Weeks+to+a+Great+Shape+at+Any+Age&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Dell&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0440503132&rft.aulast=Weider&rft.aufirst=Betty&rft.au=Vedral%2C+Joyce+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbetterbettersixw00weid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFair1999" class="citation book cs1">Fair, John D. (1999). <i>Muscletown USA: Bob Hoffman and the Manly Culture of York Barbell</i>. University Park, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 178. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-271-01854-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-271-01854-2"><bdi>0-271-01854-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muscletown+USA%3A+Bob+Hoffman+and+the+Manly+Culture+of+York+Barbell&rft.place=University+Park%2C+Pennsylvania&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-271-01854-2&rft.aulast=Fair&rft.aufirst=John+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Under Advisement". <i><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_Sentinel" title="Santa Cruz Sentinel">Santa Cruz Sentinel</a></i>. June 4, 1932. p. 7. <q>The hearing of the petition of Andrew M. Brosemer to be appointed guardian of Betty Chloe Brosemer...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Santa+Cruz+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Under+Advisement&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1932-06-04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDr._Robert_Goldman2014" class="citation web cs1">Dr. Robert Goldman (March 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sportshof.org/2014-hall-of-fame/">"2014 International Sports Hall of Fame Inductees"</a>. <i>www.sportshof.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sportshof.org&rft.atitle=2014+International+Sports+Hall+of+Fame+Inductees&rft.date=2014-03-11&rft.au=Dr.+Robert+Goldman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsportshof.org%2F2014-hall-of-fame%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan215-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan215_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan216-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan216_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 216.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan218-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan218_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 218.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3114747/christian_dior_1954_marilyn_benedict/">"Swim Suit Fashions"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_San_Bernardino_County_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="The San Bernardino County Sun">The San Bernardino County Sun</a></i>. San Bernardino, CA. September 12, 1954<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2016</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+San+Bernardino+County+Sun&rft.atitle=Swim+Suit+Fashions&rft.date=1954-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F3114747%2Fchristian_dior_1954_marilyn_benedict%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinchell1954" class="citation news cs1">Winchell, Walter (July 18, 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3114710/walter_winchell_celeb_column_summer/">"Along Broadway"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Herald_(Utah)" title="Daily Herald (Utah)">The Daily Herald</a></i>. Provo, UT<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2016</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Herald&rft.atitle=Along+Broadway&rft.date=1954-07-18&rft.aulast=Winchell&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F3114710%2Fwalter_winchell_celeb_column_summer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Graysmith, pp. 159–160.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, pp. 221–222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Weider & Weider (2006), p. 120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan221-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan221_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan220-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan220_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan220_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 220.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan222-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan222_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan222_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 222.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan223-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan223_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan223_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan223_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 223.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTobit2013-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTobit2013_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFadden2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._McFadden" title="Robert D. McFadden">McFadden, Robert D.</a> (March 23, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/03/25/sports/joe-weider-founder-of-a-bodybuilding-empire-dies-at-93.html?_r=0">"Joe Weider, Creator of Bodybuilding Empire, Dies at 93"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. New York<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Joe+Weider%2C+Creator+of+Bodybuilding+Empire%2C+Dies+at+93&rft.date=2013-03-23&rft.aulast=McFadden&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F03%2F25%2Fsports%2Fjoe-weider-founder-of-a-bodybuilding-empire-dies-at-93.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan224-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan224_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan225-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan225_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan225_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sullivan, p. 225.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.utexas.edu/2011/08/31">"New Museum, "Muscle and Grace" Photo Exhibit Open at Stark Center for Physical Culture and Sports"</a>. <i>UTexas.edu</i>. University of Texas at Austin. 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UTexas.edu&rft.atitle=New+Museum%2C+%22Muscle+and+Grace%22+Photo+Exhibit+Open+at+Stark+Center+for+Physical+Culture+and+Sports&rft.date=2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.utexas.edu%2F2011%2F08%2F31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD'Alessandro,_Anthony2018" class="citation web cs1">D'Alessandro, Anthony (August 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2018/08/victoria-justice-bigger-movie-george-gallo-freestyle-distribution-tyler-hoechlin-1202442450/">"George Gallo's Bodybuilding Gurus Pic 'Bigger' Lands With Freestyle Releasing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&rft.atitle=George+Gallo%27s+Bodybuilding+Gurus+Pic+%27Bigger%27+Lands+With+Freestyle+Releasing&rft.date=2018-08-08&rft.au=D%27Alessandro%2C+Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2018%2F08%2Fvictoria-justice-bigger-movie-george-gallo-freestyle-distribution-tyler-hoechlin-1202442450%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraysmith2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Graysmith" title="Robert Graysmith">Graysmith, Robert</a> (2010). <i>The Girl in Alfred Hitchcock's Shower</i>. New York: Berkley/Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1101185186" title="Special:BookSources/978-1101185186"><bdi>978-1101185186</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Girl+in+Alfred+Hitchcock%27s+Shower&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Berkley%2FPenguin&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1101185186&rft.aulast=Graysmith&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan1995" class="citation book cs1">Sullivan, Steve (1995). <i>Va Va Voom</i>. Los Angeles, CA: General Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-881649-60-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-881649-60-1"><bdi>1-881649-60-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Va+Va+Voom&rft.place=Los+Angeles%2C+CA&rft.pub=General+Publishing+Group&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=1-881649-60-1&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiderWeider2006" class="citation book cs1">Weider, Joe; <a href="/wiki/Ben_Weider" title="Ben Weider">Weider, Ben</a> (2006). <i>Brothers of Iron: Building the Weider Empire</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Sports_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports Publishing">Sports Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1596701243" title="Special:BookSources/978-1596701243"><bdi>978-1596701243</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brothers+of+Iron%3A+Building+the+Weider+Empire&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Sports+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1596701243&rft.aulast=Weider&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.au=Weider%2C+Ben&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenberthy2010" class="citation book cs1">Penberthy, Ian (2010). <i>1950s Glamour: 20th Century Pin-Ups</i>. London: Ammonite. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781906672621" title="Special:BookSources/9781906672621"><bdi>9781906672621</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1950s+Glamour%3A+20th+Century+Pin-Ups&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Ammonite&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781906672621&rft.aulast=Penberthy&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYeager2002" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bunny_Yeager" title="Bunny Yeager">Yeager, Bunny</a> (2002). <i>Bunny Yeager's Pin-Up Girls of the 1950s</i>. Atglen, PA: <a href="/wiki/Schiffer_Publishing" title="Schiffer Publishing">Schiffer Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0764314734" title="Special:BookSources/0764314734"><bdi>0764314734</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bunny+Yeager%27s+Pin-Up+Girls+of+the+1950s&rft.place=Atglen%2C+PA&rft.pub=Schiffer+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0764314734&rft.aulast=Yeager&rft.aufirst=Bunny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForskoShea" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bettybrosmer.com">"Fansite"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fansite&rft.aulast=Forsko&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft.au=Shea%2C+Stephanie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bettybrosmer.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForskoShea" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080209025844/http://www.bettyweider.com/main.htm">"Fansite"</a>. Archived from the original on February 9, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fansite&rft.aulast=Forsko&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft.au=Shea%2C+Stephanie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bettyweider.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://starkcenter.org/research/collections/joe-betty-weider-museum/">The Joe and Betty Weider Museum</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerritt2022" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebarbell.com/betty-brosmer/">"The Betty Brosmer Story"</a>. The Barbell. November 20, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Betty+Brosmer+Story&rft.pub=The+Barbell&rft.date=2022-11-20&rft.aulast=Merritt&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebarbell.com%2Fbetty-brosmer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABetty+Brosmer" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4898764#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4898764#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000074062053">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/11168198">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1290471452">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81068439">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&oldid=1195542935">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Betty_Brosmer&oldid=1195542935</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1935_births" title="Category:1935 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