CINXE.COM

विज्ञान - विकिपीडिया

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="mr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>विज्ञान - विकिपीडिया</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )mrwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["0\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\t7\t8\t9", "०\t१\t२\t३\t४\t५\t६\t७\t८\t९"],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","जानेवारी","फेब्रुवारी","मार्च","एप्रिल","मे","जून","जुलै","ऑगस्ट","सप्टेंबर","ऑक्टोबर","नोव्हेंबर","डिसेंबर"],"wgRequestId":"78a68f66-d425-4d64-ab7a-1c0ab2eb2744","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"विज्ञान","wgTitle":"विज्ञान","wgCurRevisionId":2455636,"wgRevisionId":2455636,"wgArticleId":73680,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with citations lacking titles","१० जानेवारी २०१८ कार्यशाळा","CS1 errors: external links","Pages using web citations with no URL","विकिकरण करण्याजोगे लेख", "विस्तार विनंती","विज्ञान"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"mr","wgPageContentLanguage":"mr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"विज्ञान","wgRelevantArticleId":73680,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"mr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"mr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false, "wgWikibaseItemId":"Q336","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["architecture","bitness","brands","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp", "ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.ProtectionIndicators","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.shortUrl","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=mr&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=mr&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=mr&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.2"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="विज्ञान - विकिपीडिया"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//mr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="लिहा" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="विकिपीडिया (mr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//mr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.mr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="विकिपीडिया अ‍ॅटम रसद (Atom Feed)" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-विज्ञान rootpage-विज्ञान skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> सुचालन </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0" title="मुखपृष्ठाला भेट द्या [z]" accesskey="z"><span>मुखपृष्ठ</span></a></li><li id="n-धूळपाटी" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B3_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A0%E0%A5%80"><span>धूळपाटी</span></a></li><li id="n-कार्यशाळा" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%BE"><span>कार्यशाळा</span></a></li><li id="n-साहाय्य/मदतकेंद्र" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AF"><span>साहाय्य/मदतकेंद्र</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2" title="विकिवरील अलीकडील बदलांची यादी [r]" accesskey="r"><span>अलीकडील बदल</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%80" title="कोणतेही पान पाहा [x]" accesskey="x"><span>अविशिष्ट लेख</span></a></li><li id="n-चावडी" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80"><span>चावडी</span></a></li><li id="n-दूतावास-(Embassy)" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8"><span>दूतावास (Embassy)</span></a></li><li id="n-ऑनलाइन-शब्दकोश" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA/%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B6_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80"><span>ऑनलाइन शब्दकोश</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="मराठी विकिपीडिया" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-hi.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.75em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="एक मुक्त ज्ञानकोश" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-mr.svg" width="79" height="18" style="width: 4.9375em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="विकिपीडिया शोधा [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>शोध</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="शोधा विकिपीडिया" aria-label="शोधा विकिपीडिया" autocapitalize="sentences" title="विकिपीडिया शोधा [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="विशेष:शोधा"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">शोधा</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="वैयक्तिक साधने"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_mr.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=mr" class=""><span>दान</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6&amp;returnto=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="आम्ही आपणास खाते उघडून आल्याची नोंद करण्यास प्रोत्साहीत करत आहोत;अर्थातच, ते नेहमीच आवश्यक नाही." class=""><span>नवीन खाते तयार करा</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6&amp;returnto=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="आपणांस सनोंद प्रवेशासाठी प्रोत्साहीत करण्यात येत आहे;अर्थातच, ते अनिवार्य नाही. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>प्रवेश करा(लॉग इन करा)</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="वैयक्तिक साधने" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">वैयक्तिक साधने</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_mr.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=mr"><span>दान</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6&amp;returnto=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="आम्ही आपणास खाते उघडून आल्याची नोंद करण्यास प्रोत्साहीत करत आहोत;अर्थातच, ते नेहमीच आवश्यक नाही."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>नवीन खाते तयार करा</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6&amp;returnto=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="आपणांस सनोंद प्रवेशासाठी प्रोत्साहीत करण्यात येत आहे;अर्थातच, ते अनिवार्य नाही. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>प्रवेश करा(लॉग इन करा)</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="या अंकपत्त्यावरुन झालेले संपादन [y]" accesskey="y"><span>योगदान</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9D%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE" title="या अंकपत्त्यापासून झालेल्या संपादनांबद्दल चर्चा [n]" accesskey="n"><span>चर्चा पान</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-व्युत्पत्ती" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#व्युत्पत्ती"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">१</span> <span>व्युत्पत्ती</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-व्युत्पत्ती-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-वैशिष्ट्ये" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#वैशिष्ट्ये"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">२</span> <span>वैशिष्ट्ये</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-वैशिष्ट्ये-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle वैशिष्ट्ये subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-वैशिष्ट्ये-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-वस्तुनिष्ठ_सत्याचा_शोध" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#वस्तुनिष्ठ_सत्याचा_शोध"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">२.१</span> <span>वस्तुनिष्ठ सत्याचा शोध</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-वस्तुनिष्ठ_सत्याचा_शोध-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-व्यवस्थीकरण" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#व्यवस्थीकरण"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">२.२</span> <span>व्यवस्थीकरण</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-व्यवस्थीकरण-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-सामान्यीकरण" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#सामान्यीकरण"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">२.३</span> <span>सामान्यीकरण</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-सामान्यीकरण-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-साधने" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#साधने"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">३</span> <span>साधने</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-साधने-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-कार्ये" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#कार्ये"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">४</span> <span>कार्ये</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-कार्ये-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-विज्ञानकथा" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#विज्ञानकथा"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">५</span> <span>विज्ञानकथा</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-विज्ञानकथा-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-विज्ञान_या_विषयावरील_पुस्तके" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#विज्ञान_या_विषयावरील_पुस्तके"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">६</span> <span>विज्ञान या विषयावरील पुस्तके</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-विज्ञान_या_विषयावरील_पुस्तके-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-संदर्भ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#संदर्भ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">७</span> <span>संदर्भ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-संदर्भ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-हे_सुद्धा_पहा" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#हे_सुद्धा_पहा"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">८</span> <span>हे सुद्धा पहा</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-हे_सुद्धा_पहा-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">विज्ञान</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in २३९ languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-239" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">२३९ languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenskap" title="Wetenskap – अफ्रिकान्स" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wetenskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="अफ्रिकान्स" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissenschaft" title="Wissenschaft – स्विस जर्मन" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wissenschaft" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="स्विस जर्मन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" title="ሳይንስ – अम्हारिक" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳይንስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="अम्हारिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – अर्गोनीज" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="अर्गोनीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witancr%C3%A6ft" title="Witancræft – पुरातन इंग्रजी" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Witancræft" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="पुरातन इंग्रजी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – अंगिका" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="अंगिका" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="मुखपृष्ठ सदर लेख"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – अरबी" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="अरबी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B5" title="صيونص – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="صيونص" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বিজ্ঞান – आसामी" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="आसामी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – अस्तुरियन" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="अस्तुरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="ГӀелму – अ‍ॅव्हेरिक" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ГӀелму" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="अ‍ॅव्हेरिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opa" title="Opa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Opa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatxatawi" title="Yatxatawi – ऐमरा" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Yatxatawi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="ऐमरा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm" title="Elm – अझरबैजानी" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="अझरबैजानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="मुखपृष्ठ सदर लेख"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Фән – बष्किर" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фән" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="बष्किर" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissnschoft" title="Wissnschoft – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wissnschoft" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muokslos" title="Muokslos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Muokslos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyensya" title="Siyensya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Siyensya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Навука – बेलारुशियन" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Навука" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="बेलारुशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Навука – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Навука" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – बल्गेरियन" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="बल्गेरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="बिज्ञान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saens" title="Saens – बिस्लामा" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Saens" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="बिस्लामा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="သိပ္ပံ – Pa&#039;O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa&#039;O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%94nniya" title="Dɔnniya – बाम्बारा" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dɔnniya" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="बाम्बारा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="বিজ্ঞান – बंगाली" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="बंगाली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82" title="ཚན་རིག – तिबेटी" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཚན་རིག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="तिबेटी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skiant" title="Skiant – ब्रेतॉन" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Skiant" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ब्रेतॉन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka – बोस्नियन" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="बोस्नियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmu" title="Elmu – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Elmu" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%94" title="ᨔᨕᨗᨊᨔ – बगिनीस" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨔᨕᨗᨊᨔ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="बगिनीस" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Эрдэм ухаан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Эрдэм ухаан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia" title="Ciència – कातालान" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciència" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="कातालान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku%C5%8F-h%C5%8Fk" title="Kuŏ-hŏk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Kuŏ-hŏk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ӏилма – चेचेन" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏилма" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="चेचेन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alamdag" title="Alamdag – सिबुआनो" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Alamdag" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="सिबुआनो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%A6%E1%8E%A5_%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%8E%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%85" title="ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ – चेरोकी" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏂᎦᎥ ᎠᎦᏎᏍᏔᏅ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="चेरोकी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="زانست – मध्य कुर्दिश" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانست" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="मध्य कुर्दिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0lim" title="İlim – क्राइमीन तुर्की" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İlim" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="क्राइमीन तुर्की" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%9Bda" title="Věda – झेक" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Věda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="झेक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99czba" title="Ùczba – काशुबियन" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ùczba" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="काशुबियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%82%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Ăслăх – चूवाश" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ăслăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="चूवाश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwyddoniaeth" title="Gwyddoniaeth – वेल्श" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwyddoniaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="वेल्श" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videnskab" title="Videnskab – डॅनिश" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Videnskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="डॅनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabibi" title="Tabibi – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tabibi" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wissenschaft" title="Wissenschaft – जर्मन" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wissenschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="जर्मन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zan%C4%B1%C5%9Fiye" title="Zanışiye – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Zanışiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7" title="Επιστήμη – ग्रीक" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιστήμη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ग्रीक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – इंग्रजी" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="इंग्रजी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienco" title="Scienco – एस्परान्टो" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Scienco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="एस्परान्टो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – स्पॅनिश" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="स्पॅनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teadus" title="Teadus – इस्टोनियन" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Teadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="इस्टोनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zientzia" title="Zientzia – बास्क" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zientzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="बास्क" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ncia" title="Céncia – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Céncia" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="علم – फारसी" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="फारसी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiede" title="Tiede – फिनिश" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="फिनिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiid%C3%BCs" title="Tiidüs – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tiidüs" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakadidike" title="Vakadidike – फिजियन" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vakadidike" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="फिजियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – फ्रेंच" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="फ्रेंच" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wedenskap" title="Wedenskap – उत्तरी फ्रिशियन" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wedenskap" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="उत्तरी फ्रिशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sience" title="Sience – फ्रियुलियान" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Sience" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="फ्रियुलियान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wittenskip" title="Wittenskip – पश्चिमी फ्रिशियन" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wittenskip" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="पश्चिमी फ्रिशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eola%C3%ADocht" title="Eolaíocht – आयरिश" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eolaíocht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="आयरिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="科學 – गॅन चिनी" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="科學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="गॅन चिनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syans" title="Syans – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Syans" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saidheans" title="Saidheans – स्कॉटिश गेलिक" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Saidheans" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="स्कॉटिश गेलिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia" title="Ciencia – गॅलिशियन" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciencia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="गॅलिशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembikuaaty" title="Tembikuaaty – गुआरनी" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tembikuaaty" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="गुआरनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9E%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8" title="વિજ્ઞાન – गुजराती" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિજ્ઞાન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="गुजराती" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensiiaka" title="Siensiiaka – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Siensiiaka" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaylleeaght" title="Oaylleeaght – मांक्स" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Oaylleeaght" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="मांक्स" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4-ho%CC%8Dk" title="Khô-ho̍k – हाक्का चिनी" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Khô-ho̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="हाक्का चिनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akeakamai" title="Akeakamai – हवाईयन" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Akeakamai" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="हवाईयन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%A2" title="מדע – हिब्रू" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="हिब्रू" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – हिंदी" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="हिंदी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigyan" title="Vigyan – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Vigyan" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost – क्रोएशियन" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Znanost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="क्रोएशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syans" title="Syans – हैतीयन क्रेओल" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Syans" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="हैतीयन क्रेओल" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tudom%C3%A1ny" title="Tudomány – हंगेरियन" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tudomány" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="हंगेरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գիտություն – आर्मेनियन" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="आर्मेनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գիտութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գիտութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia" title="Scientia – इंटरलिंग्वा" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Scientia" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="इंटरलिंग्वा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains – इबान" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="इबान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu – इंडोनेशियन" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="इंडोनेशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="मुखपृष्ठ सदर लेख"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientie" title="Scientie – इन्टरलिंग" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Scientie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="इन्टरलिंग" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amamihe" title="Amamihe – ईग्बो" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Amamihe" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ईग्बो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensia" title="Siensia – इलोको" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Siensia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="इलोको" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ӏилма – इंगुश" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ӏилма" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="इंगुश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cienco" title="Cienco – इडौ" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cienco" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="इडौ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADsindi" title="Vísindi – आईसलँडिक" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vísindi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="आईसलँडिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza – इटालियन" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="इटालियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 – जपानी" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="जपानी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayans" title="Sayans – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Sayans" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/saske" title="saske – लोज्बान" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="saske" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="लोज्बान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88lmu" title="Èlmu – जावानीज" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Èlmu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="जावानीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="მეცნიერება – जॉर्जियन" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეცნიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="जॉर्जियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilim" title="Ilim – कारा-कल्पक" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ilim" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="कारा-कल्पक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussna" title="Tussna – कबाइल" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tussna" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="कबाइल" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C9%9B%C9%A3t%CA%8B" title="Lɛɣtʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Lɛɣtʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayen" title="Sayen – त्याप" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Sayen" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="त्याप" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kizabu" title="Kizabu – काँगो" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kizabu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="काँगो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Ғылым – कझाक" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғылым" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="कझाक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A" title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ – ख्मेर" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិទ្យាសាស្ត្រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="ख्मेर" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – कन्नड" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="कन्नड" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="과학 – कोरियन" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="कोरियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Илму – कराचय-बाल्कर" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Илму" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="कराचय-बाल्कर" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%8E%D8%B3" title="ساینَس – काश्मीरी" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ساینَس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="काश्मीरी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zanist" title="Zanist – कुर्दिश" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zanist" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="कुर्दिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhonieth" title="Godhonieth – कोर्निश" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Godhonieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="कोर्निश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Илим – किरगीझ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Илим" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="किरगीझ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientia_(ratio)" title="Scientia (ratio) – लॅटिन" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Scientia (ratio)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="लॅटिन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensia" title="Sensia – लादीनो" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Sensia" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="लादीनो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%ABssenschaft" title="Wëssenschaft – लक्झेंबर्गिश" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wëssenschaft" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="लक्झेंबर्गिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Илим – लेझ्घीयन" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Илим" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="लेझ्घीयन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weitesjap" title="Weitesjap – लिंबूर्गिश" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Weitesjap" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="लिंबूर्गिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciensa" title="Sciensa – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sciensa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci%C3%ABnza" title="Sciënza – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Sciënza" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sienza" title="Sienza – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sienza" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%94" title="ວິທະຍາສາດ – लाओ" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວິທະຍາສາດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="लाओ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mokslas" title="Mokslas – लिथुआनियन" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mokslas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="लिथुआनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zin%C4%81tne" title="Zinātne – लात्व्हियन" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="लात्व्हियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – मैथिली" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="मैथिली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmu" title="Ilmu – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Ilmu" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Тонадома – मोक्ष" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Тонадома" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="मोक्ष" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siansa" title="Siansa – मलागसी" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Siansa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="मलागसी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5" title="Шанче – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Шанче" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%ABtaiao" title="Pūtaiao – माओरी" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pūtaiao" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="माओरी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilimu" title="Ilimu – मिनांग्काबाउ" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ilimu" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="मिनांग्काबाउ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – मॅसेडोनियन" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="मॅसेडोनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ശാസ്ത്രം – मल्याळम" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="मल्याळम" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Шинжлэх ухаан – मंगोलियन" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шинжлэх ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="मंगोलियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A7%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1-%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ – मणिपुरी" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ-ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="मणिपुरी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6" title="သိပ္ပံ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="သိပ္ပံ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains" title="Sains – मलय" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sains" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="मलय" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xjenza" title="Xjenza – माल्टिज्" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Xjenza" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="माल्टिज्" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ncia" title="Ciéncia – मिरांडिज्" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ciéncia" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="मिरांडिज्" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AD%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9%E1%80%95%E1%80%B6%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="သိပ္ပံပညာ – बर्मी" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သိပ္ပံပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="बर्मी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тона – एर्झ्या" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тона" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="एर्झ्या" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlamatiliztli" title="Tlamatiliztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Tlamatiliztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschop" title="Wetenschop – लो जर्मन" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wetenschop" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="लो जर्मन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschop" title="Wetenschop – लो सॅक्सन" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Wetenschop" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="लो सॅक्सन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="विज्ञान – नेपाळी" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="नेपाळी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="दुसिका – नेवारी" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="दुसिका" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="नेवारी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetenschap" title="Wetenschap – डच" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wetenschap" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="डच" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitskap" title="Vitskap – नॉर्वेजियन न्योर्स्क" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vitskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="नॉर्वेजियन न्योर्स्क" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitenskap" title="Vitenskap – नॉर्वेजियन बोकमाल" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vitenskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="नॉर्वेजियन बोकमाल" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sientie" title="Sientie – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Sientie" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9F%DF%90%DF%B2%DF%9E%DF%8F" title="ߟߐ߲ߞߏ – एन्को" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߟߐ߲ߞߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="एन्को" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienche" title="Scienche – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Scienche" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thutamahlale" title="Thutamahlale – उत्तरी सोथो" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Thutamahlale" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="उत्तरी सोथो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sci%C3%A9ncia" title="Sciéncia – ऑक्सितान" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sciéncia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ऑक्सितान" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saayinsii" title="Saayinsii – ओरोमो" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Saayinsii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="ओरोमो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ବିଜ୍ଞାନ – उडिया" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବିଜ୍ଞାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="उडिया" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Зонад – ओस्सेटिक" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Зонад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ओस्सेटिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਵਿਗਿਆਨ – पंजाबी" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਿਗਿਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="पंजाबी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensia" title="Siensia – पापियामेन्टो" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Siensia" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="पापियामेन्टो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienches" title="Scienches – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Scienches" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – नायजिरिअन पिजिन" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="नायजिरिअन पिजिन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saiens" title="Saiens – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Saiens" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka – पोलिश" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="पोलिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="پوهنه – पश्तो" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="पश्तो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Ciência – पोर्तुगीज" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciência" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="पोर्तुगीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamut%27ay" title="Hamut&#039;ay – क्वेचुआ" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hamut&#039;ay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="क्वेचुआ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza – रोमान्श" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="रोमान्श" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Știință – रोमानियन" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Știință" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="रोमानियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9B%C3%A2" title="Științâ – अरोमानियन" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Științâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="अरोमानियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – रशियन" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="रशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="विज्ञानम् – संस्कृत" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="विज्ञानम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="संस्कृत" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85" title="Үөрэх – साखा" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Үөрэх" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="साखा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AC%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ – संताली" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="संताली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isci%C3%A8ntzia" title="Iscièntzia – सर्दिनियन" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Iscièntzia" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="सर्दिनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza" title="Scienza – सिसिलियन" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Scienza" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="सिसिलियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – स्कॉट्स" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="स्कॉट्स" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – सिंधी" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="सिंधी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka" title="Nauka – सर्बो-क्रोएशियन" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nauka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="सर्बो-क्रोएशियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamassant" title="Tamassant – ताशेल्हिट" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamassant" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ताशेल्हिट" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="නවීන විද්‍යාව – सिंहला" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නවීන විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="सिंहला" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veda" title="Veda – स्लोव्हाक" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Veda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="स्लोव्हाक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanost" title="Znanost – स्लोव्हेनियन" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Znanost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="स्लोव्हेनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saienisi" title="Saienisi – सामोअन" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Saienisi" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="सामोअन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sainzi" title="Sainzi – शोना" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Sainzi" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="शोना" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saynis" title="Saynis – सोमाली" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Saynis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="सोमाली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkenca" title="Shkenca – अल्बानियन" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkenca" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="अल्बानियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – सर्बियन" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="सर्बियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skoro" title="Skoro – स्रानान टॉन्गो" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Skoro" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="स्रानान टॉन्गो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isayensi" title="Isayensi – स्वाती" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Isayensi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="स्वाती" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayense" title="Sayense – दक्षिणी सोथो" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Sayense" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="दक्षिणी सोथो" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lmu" title="Élmu – सुंदानीज" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Élmu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="सुंदानीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vetenskap" title="Vetenskap – स्वीडिश" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="स्वीडिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayansi" title="Sayansi – स्वाहिली" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sayansi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="स्वाहिली" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அறிவியல் – तामिळ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அறிவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="तामिळ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ವಿಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9E%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రం – तेलगू" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="విజ్ఞానశాస్త్రం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="तेलगू" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%BC" title="Илм – ताजिक" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Илм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ताजिक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วิทยาศาสตร์ – थाई" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิทยาศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="थाई" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ylym" title="Ylym – तुर्कमेन" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ylym" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="तुर्कमेन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agham" title="Agham – टागालोग" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agham" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="टागालोग" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elm" title="Elm – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Elm" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saienisi" title="Saienisi – टोंगन" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Saienisi" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="टोंगन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="मुखपृष्ठ सदर लेख"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilim" title="Bilim – तुर्की" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="तुर्की" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayensi" title="Sayensi – सोंगा" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Sayensi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="सोंगा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Фән – तातर" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фән" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="तातर" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasanthulo" title="Kasanthulo – तुम्बुका" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Kasanthulo" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="तुम्बुका" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – उदमुर्त" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="उदमुर्त" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наука – युक्रेनियन" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Наука" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="युक्रेनियन" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86%D8%B3" title="سائنس – उर्दू" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سائنس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="उर्दू" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan" title="Fan – उझ्बेक" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="उझ्बेक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saintsi" title="Saintsi – व्हेंदा" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Saintsi" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="व्हेंदा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siensa" title="Siensa – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Siensa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tedo" title="Tedo – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Tedo" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Khoa học – व्हिएतनामी" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="व्हिएतनामी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weetnschap" title="Weetnschap – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Weetnschap" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolav" title="Nolav – ओलापुक" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nolav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="ओलापुक" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syince" title="Syince – वालून" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Syince" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="वालून" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syensya" title="Syensya – वारे" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Syensya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="वारे" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xam-xam" title="Xam-xam – वोलोफ" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xam-xam" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="वोलोफ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 – व्हू चिनी" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="व्हू चिनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzululwazi" title="Inzululwazi – खोसा" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Inzululwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="खोसा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="მენცარობა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მენცარობა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98" title="וויסנשאפט – यिद्दिश" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וויסנשאפט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="यिद्दिश" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1y%E1%BA%B9%CC%81ns%C3%AC" title="Sáyẹ́nsì – योरुबा" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sáyẹ́nsì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="योरुबा" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gohyoz" title="Gohyoz – झुआंग" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gohyoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="झुआंग" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学 – चीनी" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="चीनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%87%B4" title="格致 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="格致" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kho-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Kho-ha̍k – मिन नान चिनी" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kho-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="मिन नान चिनी" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="科學 – कँटोनीज" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="科學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="कँटोनीज" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzululwazi" title="Inzululwazi – झुलू" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inzululwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="झुलू" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q336#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="आंतरभाषिक दुवे संपादा" class="wbc-editpage">दुवे संपादा</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="नामविश्वे"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="आशयाचे पान पहा [c]" accesskey="c"><span>लेख</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" rel="discussion" title="आशय पानाबद्दलची चर्चा [t]" accesskey="t"><span>चर्चा</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">मराठी</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="दृष्ये"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8"><span>वाचा</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit" title="लेखपान मूळस्वरूपात संपादीत करा,तेथे मराठी टायपींगसाठी युएलएस कार्यान्वित करू शकता. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>संपादन</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=history" title="या पानाच्या जुन्या आवृत्या. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>इतिहास पहा</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="साधनपेटी" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">साधनपेटी</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8"><span>वाचा</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit" title="लेखपान मूळस्वरूपात संपादीत करा,तेथे मराठी टायपींगसाठी युएलएस कार्यान्वित करू शकता. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>संपादन</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=history"><span>इतिहास पहा</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="येथे जोडलेल्या सर्व विकिपानांची यादी [j]" accesskey="j"><span>येथे काय जोडले आहे</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" rel="nofollow" title="येथुन जोडलेल्या सर्व पानांवरील अलीकडील बदल [k]" accesskey="k"><span>या पृष्ठासंबंधीचे बदल</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mr" title="चित्रे किंवा माध्यम संचिका चढवा [u]" accesskey="u"><span>संचिका चढवा</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87" title="सर्व विशेष पृष्ठांची यादी [q]" accesskey="q"><span>विशेष पृष्ठे</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;oldid=2455636" title="पानाच्या या आवर्तनाचा शाश्वत दुवा"><span>शाश्वत दुवा</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=info" title="या पानाबाबत अधिक माहिती"><span>पानाबद्दलची माहिती</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE&amp;page=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;id=2455636&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="हे पृष्ठ उद्धृत कसे करावे याची माहिती"><span>लेखाचा संदर्भ द्या</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fmr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259E%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fmr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259E%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//mr.wikipedia.org/s/5o8" title="Copy this short link for sharing"><span>लघु यूआरएल(Short URL)</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> छापा/ निर्यात करा </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8"><span>ग्रंथ तयार करा</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF म्हणून उतरवा</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;printable=yes" title="या पानाची छापण्यायोग्य आवृत्ती [p]" accesskey="p"><span>छापण्यायोग्य आवृत्ती</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> इतर प्रकल्पात </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Science" hreflang="en"><span>विकिमिडिया कॉमन्स</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q336" title="माहिती भांडारात जोडलेल्या कलमाचा दुवा [g]" accesskey="g"><span>विकिडाटा कलम</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">विकिपीडिया, मुक्‍त ज्ञानकोशातून</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mr" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2142980">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-विकिकरण plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:125%;font-style: italic bold"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:Ambox_wikify.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/50px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/75px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/100px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>विकिपीडियाचा दर्जा राखण्यासाठी या लेखास किंवा विभागास <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="विकिपीडिया:विकिकरण">विकिकरणाची</a> गरज आहे.</b><br />उपयुक्त <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A3" title="विकिपीडिया:टाचण">विकिदुवे</a> देऊन या लेखाचे <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="विकिपीडिया:विकिकरण">विकिकरण</a> करण्यास <a class="external text" href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit">कृपया मदत करा</a>]. <div class="NavFrame" style="border-style: none; padding: 0px; font-size: 50%;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border-style: none; text-align: left; border: #3232CD solid 0.5px; -moz-border-radius: 10px; padding: 2px; font-size: 100%;"> <div class="NavHead" style="border-radius: 0.5em; -moz-border-radius: 0.5em; -webkit-border-radius: 0.5em; box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.5em rgba(0,0,0,0.75); -moz-box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.5em rgba(0,0,0,0.75); -webkit-box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.5em rgba(0,0,0,0.75);; background: #dcc5fc; text-align: center; padding: 1px; font-size: 160%;"><font face="arial" color="Black" size="2"><b> संक्षिप्त मार्गदर्शन दाखवा</b></font></div> <div class="NavContent" style="background: #EEEEFF; display: none; font-size:185%;"> <ul><li><b>लेख शीर्षकात वर्णनात्मकता टाळा, लेखन दोन परिच्छेदांपेक्षा कमी असेल तर दुसऱ्या आधीपासूनच्या लेखात विलीन करणे शक्य आहे का तपासा.</b></li> <li><b>लेखन ससंदर्भ; तटस्थ, वस्तुनिष्ठ, अधिकतम नि:संदिग्ध, तर्कसुसंगत, समतोल, साक्षेपी- समिक्षीत ससंदर्भ टिकेसह, अद्ययावत ठेवा.</b></li> <li><b>प्रथम (मी/आम्ही/आपण) अथवा द्वितीय (तू/तुम्ही) पुरुषी लेखन, वाचकाला संबोधन, विशेषणे, आलंकारीकता, कथाकथन वर्णनात्मकता, स्वत:ची व्यक्तिगत मते, भलावण, प्रबोधन, व्यक्ति अथवा समुहलक्ष्य तर्कदोष, प्रताधिकार भंग टाळा. </b></li> <li><b>लेखात सुयोग्य विभाग बनवा, इतर विकिपीडिया लेखांना अंतर्गत दुवे जोडा, वर्गीकरण करा</b></li></ul> </div></div></div><br /> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2142980"><table class="box-विस्तार plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/45px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/68px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/90px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">हा लेख/विभाग स्वत:च्या शब्दात <a class="external text" href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit">विस्तार करण्यास</a> मदत करा.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96#विस्तार_कसा_करावा?" class="mw-redirect" title="विकिपीडिया:अपूर्ण लेख">विस्तार कसा करावा?</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>विश्वातील घटना व घडामोडी यांचे बुद्धिनिष्ठ, कार्यकारणाधिष्ठित असे आकलन होण्यासाठी <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B5" title="मानव">मानवाने</a> केलेल्या क्रिया व त्यांचे फलित म्हणजे <b>विज्ञान</b> (Science) होय. विज्ञान ही एक पद्धतशीर व कठोर शिस्त असलेली ज्ञानशाखा आहे. विज्ञानात चाचणी करण्यायोग्य गृहितके तपासून ती स्वीकारण्या योग्य वाटल्यास या गृहितकाच्या आधारावर वास्तवात आणखी काय आढळू शकते याचे भाकित करून जगा बाबतचे ज्ञान विकसित केल्या जाते. आधुनिक विज्ञान सामान्यत: तीन प्रमुख शाखांमध्ये विभागले गेले आहे: नैसर्गिक विज्ञान (उदा., भौतिकशास्त्र, रसायनशास्त्र आणि जीवशास्त्र), ज्यात भौतिक जगाचा अभ्यास करतात; सामाजिक विज्ञान (उदा. अर्थशास्त्र, मानसशास्त्र आणि समाजशास्त्र) ज्यात व्यक्ती आणि समाज यांचा अभ्यास करतात; आणि औपचारिक विज्ञान (उदा. तर्कशास्त्र, गणित आणि सैद्धांतिक संगणक विज्ञान), ज्यात स्वयंसिद्ध प्रमेये आणि नियम यांच्या आधारावर औपचारिक प्रणालींचा अभ्यास केल्या जातो. औपचारिक विज्ञान हे वैज्ञानिक विषय आहेत की नाही याबाबत मतभेद आहेत कारण ते प्रायोगिक पुराव्यांवर अवलंबून नाहीत. उपयोजित विज्ञानाच्या अनेक शाखा आहेत ज्या वैज्ञानिक ज्ञानाचा वापर व्यावहारिक हेतूंसाठी करतात, जसे की अभियांत्रिकी आणि आयुर्विज्ञान इत्यादि. विज्ञानात ज्ञान निर्मिती होते तथापि, सर्वच प्रकारच्या ज्ञानाला विज्ञान म्हणले जात नाही - उदा. <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="अध्यात्म">अध्यात्म</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="व्युत्पत्ती"><span id=".E0.A4.B5.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A5.81.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AA.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.80"></span>व्युत्पत्ती</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="विभाग: व्युत्पत्ती संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ग्रीकांनी केलेल्या चिंतनाला उजाळा देऊन ते चिंतन आणि इस्लामिक विचार विश्वाला पडलेले प्रश्न व त्याची त्यांनी शोधलेली उत्तरे याची जी सांगड पश्चिम युरोपमधे 10व्या ते 13व्या शतकात घातल्या गेली त्यामुळे "नैसर्गिक तत्त्वज्ञान" पुनरुज्जीवित केले गेले. परंतु हे नंतर 16व्या शतकात सुरू झालेल्या वैज्ञानिक क्रांतीने बदलले. पूर्वीच्या ग्रीक संकल्पना आणि परंपरांपेक्षा नवीन कल्पना आणि शोध हे पूर्णपणे वेगळे असल्याने हे झाले. वैज्ञानिक पद्धतीने लवकरच ज्ञान निर्मितीमध्ये मोठी भूमिका बजावली आणि 19व्या शतकापर्यंत विज्ञानाची अनेक संस्थात्मक आणि व्यावसायिक वैशिष्ट्ये आकार घेऊ लागली, तसेच "नैसर्गिक तत्त्वज्ञान" हे "नैसर्गिक विज्ञान" झाले. लॅटिन भाषेतील Scientia (सायन्शिया) या शब्दावरून इंग्रजीतील ‘सायन्स’ हा शब्द तयार झालेला आहे.<a class="external autonumber" href="https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science">[१]</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="वैशिष्ट्ये"><span id=".E0.A4.B5.E0.A5.88.E0.A4.B6.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.B7.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.9F.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A5.87"></span>वैशिष्ट्ये</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="विभाग: वैशिष्ट्ये संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>विज्ञानाची प्रमुख वैशिष्ट्ये पुढीलप्रमाणे आहेत – </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="वस्तुनिष्ठ_सत्याचा_शोध"><span id=".E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.B8.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.81.E0.A4.A8.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.B7.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A0_.E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.A4.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.9A.E0.A4.BE_.E0.A4.B6.E0.A5.8B.E0.A4.A7"></span>वस्तुनिष्ठ सत्याचा शोध</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="विभाग: वस्तुनिष्ठ सत्याचा शोध संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>विज्ञानाचा उगम मानवी जिज्ञानेतून झाला आहे. ज्ञानासंबंधीचे विशुद्ध प्रेम ही विज्ञानाची प्रेरणा आहे. वस्तुनिष्ठ सत्याचा शोध घेणे हे विज्ञानाचे एक महत्त्वाचे वैशिष्ट्य मानले जाते. विज्ञान हे सत्यसंशोधनासाठी प्रयत्नशील असते; परंतु वैज्ञानिक सत्य हे विशेष स्वरूपाचे असते. विज्ञानाला अभिप्रेत असलेले सत्य हे व्यक्तिगत स्वरूपाचे नसते, तर ते वैचारिक स्वरूपाचे असते. वैज्ञानिक सत्य हे वास्तवतेवर आधारित असते. एखादी व्यक्ती कितीही महान असली आणि धर्म, राजकारण, तत्त्वज्ञान इत्यादी क्षेत्रांतील तिचा अधिकार कितीही मोठा असला तरी त्या व्यक्तीला प्रत्ययाला आलेल्या सत्यावर, स्वतःच्या अनुभूतीवर किंवा साक्षात्कारावर विज्ञान विश्वास ठेवू शकत नाही. विज्ञान हे प्रयोगातून सिद्ध करून दाखविते. विज्ञान हा प्रगतीचा स्रोत आहे. जगाविषयी कुतूहल आणि समस्या सोडवण्याच्या इच्छेने प्रेरित शास्त्रज्ञांच्या संशोधनामुळे विज्ञानातील नवीन ज्ञान हे विकसित होते. समकालीन वैज्ञानिक संशोधन हे सहयोगी पद्धतीने केले जाते आणि ते सहसा शैक्षणिक आणि संशोधन संस्था,सरकारी संस्था आणि कंपन्यांमधील संघांद्वारे केले जाते. त्यांच्या कार्याच्या व्यावहारिक परिणामामुळे विज्ञान धोरणे उदयास आली आहेत. या धोरणांमुळे वैज्ञानिक उपक्रमांवर प्रभाव टाकल्या जातो व नैतिक विकासाला प्राधान्य देऊन व्यावसायिक उत्पादने, शस्त्रास्त्रे, आरोग्य सेवा, सार्वजनिक पायाभूत सुविधा आणि पर्यावरण संरक्षण यांच्यात अग्रक्रम ठरविल्या जातो. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="व्यवस्थीकरण"><span id=".E0.A4.B5.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.B8.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A5.E0.A5.80.E0.A4.95.E0.A4.B0.E0.A4.A3"></span>व्यवस्थीकरण</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="विभाग: व्यवस्थीकरण संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="सामान्यीकरण"><span id=".E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.AE.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.A8.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A5.80.E0.A4.95.E0.A4.B0.E0.A4.A3"></span>सामान्यीकरण</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="विभाग: सामान्यीकरण संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="साधने"><span id=".E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.A7.E0.A4.A8.E0.A5.87"></span>साधने</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="विभाग: साधने संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>वस्तुनिष्ठ निरीक्षणे, प्रयोग, बुद्धिप्रामाण्यवाद आणि विश्वासार्ह माहितीची देवाण-घेवाण. </p><p><b>आर्टिफिशिअल इंटेलिजन्स</b>&#160;च्या साहाय्याने मानवाने <b>काॅम्प्यूटर सिस्टम, रोबोटिक सिस्टम</b> तयार केल्या आहेत. मोटर कार्स, एरोप्लेन, बुलेट ट्रेनमध्ये त्यांचा वापर होतो. त्यामुळे प्रवास अधिक जलद झाला आहे. विज्षानाधरित रेडिओ, टीव्ही, व्हीडिओ गेम्स, मोबाईल, इंटरनेट यांचा उपयोग मनोरंजनासाठी केला जातो. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="कार्ये"><span id=".E0.A4.95.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AF.E0.A5.87"></span>कार्ये</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="विभाग: कार्ये संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2142980"><table class="box-विकिकरण plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:125%;font-style: italic bold"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0:Ambox_wikify.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/50px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/75px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/100px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>विकिपीडियाचा दर्जा राखण्यासाठी या लेखास किंवा विभागास <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="विकिपीडिया:विकिकरण">विकिकरणाची</a> गरज आहे.</b><br />उपयुक्त <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A3" title="विकिपीडिया:टाचण">विकिदुवे</a> देऊन या लेखाचे <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3" title="विकिपीडिया:विकिकरण">विकिकरण</a> करण्यास <a class="external text" href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit">कृपया मदत करा</a>]. <div class="NavFrame" style="border-style: none; padding: 0px; font-size: 50%;"> <div class="NavFrame" style="border-style: none; text-align: left; border: #3232CD solid 0.5px; -moz-border-radius: 10px; padding: 2px; font-size: 100%;"> <div class="NavHead" style="border-radius: 0.5em; -moz-border-radius: 0.5em; -webkit-border-radius: 0.5em; box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.5em rgba(0,0,0,0.75); -moz-box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.5em rgba(0,0,0,0.75); -webkit-box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.5em rgba(0,0,0,0.75);; background: #dcc5fc; text-align: center; padding: 1px; font-size: 160%;"><font face="arial" color="Black" size="2"><b> संक्षिप्त मार्गदर्शन दाखवा</b></font></div> <div class="NavContent" style="background: #EEEEFF; display: none; font-size:185%;"> <ul><li><b>लेख शीर्षकात वर्णनात्मकता टाळा, लेखन दोन परिच्छेदांपेक्षा कमी असेल तर दुसऱ्या आधीपासूनच्या लेखात विलीन करणे शक्य आहे का तपासा.</b></li> <li><b>लेखन ससंदर्भ; तटस्थ, वस्तुनिष्ठ, अधिकतम नि:संदिग्ध, तर्कसुसंगत, समतोल, साक्षेपी- समिक्षीत ससंदर्भ टिकेसह, अद्ययावत ठेवा.</b></li> <li><b>प्रथम (मी/आम्ही/आपण) अथवा द्वितीय (तू/तुम्ही) पुरुषी लेखन, वाचकाला संबोधन, विशेषणे, आलंकारीकता, कथाकथन वर्णनात्मकता, स्वत:ची व्यक्तिगत मते, भलावण, प्रबोधन, व्यक्ति अथवा समुहलक्ष्य तर्कदोष, प्रताधिकार भंग टाळा. </b></li> <li><b>लेखात सुयोग्य विभाग बनवा, इतर विकिपीडिया लेखांना अंतर्गत दुवे जोडा, वर्गीकरण करा</b></li></ul> </div></div></div><br /> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>वस्तुस्थितीच्या घटकांचे वर्गीकरण व विश्लेषण करणे, त्यांतील परस्परसंबंधांचे सार्वत्रिक नियम शोधणे, अशा नियमांच्या साहाय्याने अमुक घटना निश्चित अमुक वेळी होणारच असे वर्तविणे, या अज्ञानापासून मानवी जीवनाच्या साफल्यासाठी उपयोगी ठरेल अशी तंत्रविद्या निर्माण करणे इत्यादी विज्ञानाची कार्ये समजण्यात येतात.<sup id="cite_ref-test_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>१<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> विज्ञानाचे सर्वात प्रमुख कार्य म्हणजे सृष्टीतील संगती जाणणे, तिचे रहस्य उलगडणे हे होय. वस्तुस्थितीतील सुटयासुटया घटकांची माहिती होणे याला फारसे महत्त्व नाही; महत्त्व आहे ते या घटकांतील परस्परसंबंधांविषयीचे नियम सापडण्याला. असे नियम सापडणे म्हणजे सृष्टीतील घटकांचा व घटनांचा अर्थ लावणे होय. कोणतीही घटना समजणे म्हणजे ती कोणत्या सृष्टिनियमानुसार होते हे कळणे. काय केले असता काय होईल हे कळले म्हणजे विज्ञानाचे कार्य संपले असे नाही. विज्ञानाचा रोख जे घडते ते कोणत्या सृष्टिनियमानुसार घडते व कसे घडते हे शोधून काढण्यावर असतो. सृष्टीचे रहस्य जाणणे हे विज्ञानाचे ध्येय असते. <sup id="cite_ref-test_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>१<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>विज्ञानाला स्वतःची अशी परंपरा असते. कोणताही वैज्ञानिक अशा परंपरेतच कार्य करतो. आधीच्या वैज्ञानिकांनी शोधून जतन केलेले सृष्टीचे ज्ञान त्याला पूर्वसंचित म्हणून मिळते व त्यात तो आपल्या शोधाची भर टाकत असतो. अशी एखादी घटना त्याच्या अवलोकनात येते की, जिचा अर्थ उपलब्ध ज्ञानाच्या जोरावर लावता येत नाही. असे झाले की, वैज्ञानिकसमस्या निर्माण होते आणि तिच्या दडपणामुळे विज्ञानाची प्रगती होते. समस्या सोडविण्यासाठी नवे सृष्टिनियम शोधावे लागतात, जुन्या नियमांत बदल करावे लागतात, आणि काही काही वेळा जुना संकल्पनाव्यूह पूर्ण बाजूला सारावा लागतो. </p><p>विज्ञानात वापरण्यात येणाऱ्या पद्धतीला अनुमानीत परिकल्पना पद्धती (अभ्युपगमनिगामी पद्धती/hypothetico-deductive method) असे म्हणतात. या पद्धतीचे पुढील पायऱ्यांमध्ये विश्लेषण करता येईल (1) <i>समस्येचे पुथक्करण करून तिचे घट</i>क वेगळे करणे; (2) संबंधित अशा सर्व घटकांना एकत्रित करून कोणत्या तरी सामान्य गुणधर्माच्या साहाय्याने त्यांचे वर्गीकरण करणे; (3) या घटकांत सुसूत्रता आणण्यासाठी, घटनांचा अर्थ लावण्यासाठी, अनुमानीत परिकल्पना (अभ्युपगम) सुचविणे; (4) हा अभ्युपगम बरोबर असेल तर काय काय घडायला पाहिजे ते तार्किक नियमांच्या साहाय्याने ठरविणे, किंवा त्यांचे निगमन करणे; (5) हे जे जे घडायला हवे होते ते ते तसे घडते का याचा शोध घेणे आणि अशा रितीने अभ्युपगम वस्तुस्थितीच्या कसोटीला लावून पाहणे. </p><p>एकदोन उदाहरणांनी या पद्धतीचे स्वरूप स्पष्ट करता येईल. समजा, आपण घरी आल्यावर ध्यानात येते की, आपल्या घराला कुलूप नाही. आपल्या घरी इतर कोणी नसल्याने या गोष्टीचे आपल्याला आश्चर्य वाटते. आपण कुलूप लावायला विसरलो नाही याची खात्री असल्यास आपले आश्चर्य दुणावते. आपण साहजिकच अशी कल्पना करतो की, चोराने कुलूप तोडले असणार. आपण याचा पडताळा पाहण्यासाठी घरातील मौल्यवान वस्तु जागच्याजागी आहेत की नाहीत हे बघू लागतो. जर त्या गेलेल्या असतील तर चोर आला होता हे सिद्ध झाले असे आपण मानतो. घराला कुलूप नसणे या वस्तुस्थितीमुळे समस्या निर्माण झाली; ती सोडविण्यासाठी आपण चोर आला असावा हा अभ्युपगम मनात बाळगला आणि वस्तुस्थितीची कसोटी लावून तो बरोबर आहे की नाही हे तपासले. हे उदाहरण एका घटनेचे झाले. </p><p>दुसरे उदाहरण एखाद्या नियमाचे घेऊ. उंच डोंगरमाथ्यावर असलेल्या गावी बटाटे उकडताना त्रास पडतो हा सर्वांचा अनुभव आहे. तेच बटाटे मुंबईसारख्या शहरात चटदिशी उकडतात. मग डोंगरमाथ्यावर असे का व्हावे? संशोधनाला उद्युक्त करणारी समस्या अशा रितीने निर्माण होते. असे का होते याबद्दल आपल्याला दोनतीन कल्पना सुचू शकतील. उदाहरणार्थ, दोन्ही ठिकाणचे पाणी सारखे नसावे, दोन्ही ठिकाणांच्या उंची सारख्या नसल्याने असे होत असावे इत्यादी. समजा, आपण या दुसऱ्या कल्पनेचा पाठपुरावा करायचे ठरविले व त्याप्रमाणे इतर घटक प्रयोगासाठी समान केले. उपलब्ध ज्ञानाच्या जोरावर आपल्याला ही समस्या अशी सोडविता येते ः उंचीचा व वातावरणाच्या दाबाचा अन्योन्यसंबंध आहे. जितकी उंची जास्त तितका दाब कमी. तसेच, वातावरणाच्या दाबाचा व उत्कलनबिंदूचा अन्योन्यसंबंध आहे. जितका दाब कमी तितका उत्कलनबिंदू कमी. म्हणजे जितकी उंची जास्त तितका उत्कलनबिंदू कमी. म्हणजे उंच जागी कमी उष्णता असतानाच पाणी उकळू लागते, पण पाणी उकळले तरी बटाटे उकडत नाहीत, कारण तेवढी उष्णता बटाटे उकडायला पुरेशी पडत नाही. उंच ठिकाणी बटाटे उकडत नाहीत या घटनेचा अर्थ नित्य सृष्टिनियमांच्या साहाय्याने लागला. हे सृष्टिनियम प्रथम अभ्युपगमच होते. पण अवलोकनाने व प्रयोगांनी ते सृष्टिनियम आहेत हे सिद्ध झाले. आपल्या उदाहरणातील उत्तराचा खरेपणा पडताळून पहायचा आणखी एक मार्ग आहे. तो म्हणजे उंच ठिकाणी प्रेशर कुकरमध्ये बटाटे शिजवायचे. या रितीने बटाटे चटदिशी उकडतील, कारण कृत्रिमरीत्या कुकरमध्ये दाब वाढविलेला असतो. </p><p>तिसरे उदाहरण मानसव्यवहाराबद्दलचे आहे. माणूस आजारी पडला म्हणजे त्याला शारीरिक कारणे असतात असे आपण धरून चालतो. पण काही वेळा शरीर सुस्थितीत असतानादेखील माणसांना आजार होतो. या आजाराचे कारण मानसिक असले पाहिजे असा फ्राॅइडने कयास केला. पण या कारणांची रोग्याला जाणीव नसल्याने ही कारणे जाणिवेच्या पलीकडे असलेल्या मनोव्यापारांत शोधली पाहिजेत असाही त्याने कयास केला. या मनोव्यापारांचा संपूर्ण आराखडा फ्राॅईडने तयार केला, आणि अनेक रोग्यांवर उपचार करताना त्याला आपल्या कल्पनेच्या खरेपणाचा पडताळा आला. तसेच आपण बोलताना, लिहिताना ज्या चमत्कारिक व एरव्ही अनाकलनीय ठरतील अशा चुका करतो त्यांच्यावर, आणि आपली स्वप्ने, दिवास्वप्ने, मनोविकृती, आपल्या सांस्कृतिक जीवनाची काही वेशिष्टये, चमत्कृतिजन्य विनोद इत्यादिकांवरही या सिद्धान्तामुळे नवा प्रकाश पडला. वस्तुस्थितीच्या अवलोकनामुळे फ्राॅईडच्या अभ्युपगमाला भक्कम पाया मिळाल्याने तो मनोविज्ञानात <i><b>वैद्यकशास्त्रात</b></i> महत्त्वाचा सिद्धान्त म्हणून प्रस्थापित झाला. परंतु आजच्या कलियुगात गैरवापरामुळे विज्ञान वरदानाकडून शापाकडे जात आहे. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="विज्ञानकथा"><span id=".E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.9C.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.9E.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.A8.E0.A4.95.E0.A4.A5.E0.A4.BE"></span>विज्ञानकथा</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="विभाग: विज्ञानकथा संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>विज्ञानाधारित असून काल्पनिक अश्या अनेक कथा-कादंबऱ्या आहेत. <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE.%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE._%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="भा.रा. भागवत">भा.रा. भागवत</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE.%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF._%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="दा.चि. सोमण (पान अस्तित्वात नाही)">दा.चि. सोमण</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%A6.%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82._%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87" class="mw-redirect" title="द.पां. खांबेटे">द.पां. खांबेटे</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="गजानन क्षीरसागर (पान अस्तित्वात नाही)">गजानन क्षीरसागर</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0" title="यशवंत रांजणकर">यशवंत रांजणकर</a>, डाॅ. <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87" title="बाळ फोंडके">बाळ फोंडके</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87" title="चिंतामण श्रीधर कर्वे">चिंतामण श्रीधर कर्वे</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87" title="अशोक पाध्ये">अशोक पाध्ये</a>, सुनील जोगळेकर<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>२<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87" title="निरंजन घाटे">निरंजन घाटे</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B3%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="जयंत नारळीकर">जयंत नारळीकर</a> आदींनी त्या रंजकतेने लोकप्रिय केल्या. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="विज्ञान_या_विषयावरील_पुस्तके"><span id=".E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.9C.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.9E.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.A8_.E0.A4.AF.E0.A4.BE_.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.BF.E0.A4.B7.E0.A4.AF.E0.A4.BE.E0.A4.B5.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.80.E0.A4.B2_.E0.A4.AA.E0.A5.81.E0.A4.B8.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A4.E0.A4.95.E0.A5.87"></span>विज्ञान या विषयावरील पुस्तके</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="विभाग: विज्ञान या विषयावरील पुस्तके संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>विज्ञानवाटा (लेखसंग्रह, लेखक - जोसेफ तुस्कानो)</li> <li>वेध अनंताचा (विज्ञानलेख संग्रह, लेखक - सुनील जोगळेकर)</li> <li>दुर्बिणींचे विश्व (दुर्बिणींचा समग्र इतिहास, लेखक - सुनील जोगळेकर)</li> <li>जगाचा भार (विज्ञान कथा संग्रह)</li> <li>कृष्णमेघ (विज्ञान कादंबरी, मूळ लेखक सर फ्रेड हॉईल; अनुवाद उल्हास देवधर)</li> <li>गुणवत्ता आणि निसर्गमैत्री (लेखक - जोसेफ तुस्कानो)</li> <li>विज्ञानातील किस्से (लेखक - सुनील जोगळेकर)</li> <li>कौल (विज्ञानकथा संग्रह, लेखक - मुकुंद जोगळेकर)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="संदर्भ"><span id=".E0.A4.B8.E0.A4.82.E0.A4.A6.E0.A4.B0.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.AD"></span>संदर्भ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="विभाग: संदर्भ संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1954978">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-test-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-test_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-test_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfilt.iitb.ac.in/soundarya/sm1.html">"सौंदर्य"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfilt.iitb.ac.in%2Fsoundarya%2Fsm1.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmr.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2448300">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:var(--color-success,#3a3);margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://sites.google.com/site/sunilprakashan1992/home/suniljoglekar--alpaparichay">https://sites.google.com/site/sunilprakashan1992/home/suniljoglekar--alpaparichay</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fsite%2Fsunilprakashan1992%2Fhome%2Fsuniljoglekar--alpaparichay&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmr.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">&#124;title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:CS1_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80#citation_missing_title" class="mw-redirect" title="सहाय्य:CS1 त्रूटी">सहाय्य</a>); </span><span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code">&#124;संकेतस्थळ=</code> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:CS1_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80#param_has_ext_link" class="mw-redirect" title="सहाय्य:CS1 त्रूटी">सहाय्य</a>); </span><span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">&#124;url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF:CS1_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80#cite_web_url" class="mw-redirect" title="सहाय्य:CS1 त्रूटी">सहाय्य</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2448300"></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="हे_सुद्धा_पहा"><span id=".E0.A4.B9.E0.A5.87_.E0.A4.B8.E0.A5.81.E0.A4.A6.E0.A5.8D.E0.A4.A7.E0.A4.BE_.E0.A4.AA.E0.A4.B9.E0.A4.BE"></span>हे सुद्धा पहा</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="विभाग: हे सुद्धा पहा संपादा"><span>संपादन</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="शास्त्र">शास्त्र</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐86bcc6f758‐lhlwx Cached time: 20241112180145 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.176 seconds Real time usage: 0.229 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 376/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 28338/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 85/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 8/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12163/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.108/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2215264/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 195.435 1 -total 54.27% 106.070 1 साचा:संदर्भयादी 44.69% 87.341 2 साचा:संकेतस्थळ_स्रोत 38.32% 74.881 3 साचा:Ambox 31.51% 61.589 1 साचा:Wikify 10.91% 21.318 1 साचा:विस्तार 1.52% 2.974 1 साचा:विकिकरण 1.04% 2.042 2 साचा:Round_corners 0.93% 1.827 1 साचा:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key mrwiki:pcache:idhash:73680-0!canonical and timestamp 20241112180145 and revision id 2455636. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=विज्ञान&amp;oldid=2455636">https://mr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=विज्ञान&amp;oldid=2455636</a>" पासून हुडकले</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="विशेष:वर्ग">वर्ग</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97:CS1_errors:_external_links" title="वर्ग:CS1 errors: external links">CS1 errors: external links</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97:Pages_using_web_citations_with_no_URL&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="वर्ग:Pages using web citations with no URL (पान अस्तित्वात नाही)">Pages using web citations with no URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%96" title="वर्ग:विकिकरण करण्याजोगे लेख">विकिकरण करण्याजोगे लेख</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="वर्ग:विस्तार विनंती">विस्तार विनंती</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97:%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="वर्ग:विज्ञान">विज्ञान</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">लपविलेले वर्ग: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97:Pages_with_citations_lacking_titles" title="वर्ग:Pages with citations lacking titles">Pages with citations lacking titles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97:%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%A6_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%BE" title="वर्ग:१० जानेवारी २०१८ कार्यशाळा">१० जानेवारी २०१८ कार्यशाळा</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> या पानातील शेवटचा बदल २९ जुलै २०२४ रोजी ०६:१३ वाजता केला गेला.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">येथील मजकूर हा&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">क्रियेटीव्ह कॉमन्स अट्रीब्युशन-शेअरअलाईक लायसन्स</a> अंतर्गत उपलब्ध आहे; अतिरिक्त अटी लागू असू शकतात. हे संकेतस्थळ वापरुन आपण याच्या&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">वापरण्याच्या अटी</a>&#160;आणि&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">गोपनीयता धोरणांचे</a>&#160;पालन करण्यास आपली सहमती देत आहात. Wikipedia® हे&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>&#160;एक ना-नफा ना-तोटा संस्थेचे नोंदणीकृत ट्रेडमार्क आहे.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">गुप्तता नीती</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0">विकिपीडिया बद्दल</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0">उत्तरदायित्वास नकार</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">विकसक</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/mr.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">कुकिंचा तक्ता</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//mr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">भ्रमणध्वनी-दृश्य</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6d848949df-wg85n","wgBackendResponseTime":194,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.176","walltime":"0.229","ppvisitednodes":{"value":376,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":28338,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":85,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":8,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":12163,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 195.435 1 -total"," 54.27% 106.070 1 साचा:संदर्भयादी"," 44.69% 87.341 2 साचा:संकेतस्थळ_स्रोत"," 38.32% 74.881 3 साचा:Ambox"," 31.51% 61.589 1 साचा:Wikify"," 10.91% 21.318 1 साचा:विस्तार"," 1.52% 2.974 1 साचा:विकिकरण"," 1.04% 2.042 2 साचा:Round_corners"," 0.93% 1.827 1 साचा:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.108","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2215264,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.canary-86bcc6f758-lhlwx","timestamp":"20241112180145","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928","url":"https:\/\/mr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q336","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q336","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2010-02-11T13:31:44Z","dateModified":"2024-07-29T00:43:37Z"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10