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Ziaur Rahman</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Muhammad Ziaur Rahman"> <meta name="keywords" content="Muhammad Ziaur Rahman"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Muhammad Ziaur Rahman"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1681</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Muhammad Ziaur Rahman</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1681</span> Efficacy of Microbial Metabolites Obtained from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as Supplement for Quality Milk Production in Dairy Cows</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20ur%20Rahman">Sajjad ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Azam"> Mariam Azam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukarram%20Bashir"> Mukarram Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seemal%20Javaid"> Seemal Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aoun%20Muhammad"> Aoun Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Tahir"> Muhammad Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawad"> Jawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Khan"> Hannan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zohaib"> Muhammad Zohaib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Partially fermented soya hulls and wheat bran through Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) substantiated as a natural source for quality milk production. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) were grown under in-vivo conditions and processed through two-step fermentation with substrates. The extra pure metabolites (XPM) were dried and processed for maintaining 1mm mesh size particles for supplementation of pelleted feed. Two groups of a cow (Holstein Friesian) having 8 animals of similar age and lactation were given the experimental concentrates. Group A was fed daily with 12gm of XPM and 22% protein-pelleted feed, while Group B was provided with no metabolites in their feed. In thirty-nine days of trial, improvement in the overall health, body score, milk protein, milk fat, ash, and solid not fat (SNF), yield, and incidence rate of mastitis was observed. The collected data revealed an improvement in milk production of 2.02 liter/h/d. However, a reduction (3.75%) in the milk fats and an increase in the milk SNF was around 0.58%. The ash content ranged between 6.4-7.5%. The incidence of mastitis was reduced to less than 2%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20metabolites" title="microbial metabolites">microbial metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae" title=" Saccharomyces cerevisiae"> Saccharomyces cerevisiae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk%20production" title=" milk production"> milk production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-biotic%20metabolites" title=" post-biotic metabolites"> post-biotic metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunity" title=" immunity"> immunity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165949/efficacy-of-microbial-metabolites-obtained-from-saccharomyces-cerevisiae-as-supplement-for-quality-milk-production-in-dairy-cows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1680</span> Male Oreochromis mossambica as Indicator for Water Pollution with Trace Elements in Relation to Condition Factor from Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem">Muhammad Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20M.%20Moeen-ud-Din%20Raheel"> Syed M. Moeen-ud-Din Raheel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Arshad"> Muhammad Arshad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Naeem%20Qaisar"> Muhammad Naeem Qaisar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Khalid"> Muhammad Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zubair%20Ahmed"> Muhammad Zubair Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ashraf"> Muhammad Ashraf </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Iron, Copper, Cadmium, Zinc, Manganese, Chromium levels were estimated to study the risk of trace elements on human consumption. The area of collection was Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan and was evaluated by means of flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The standards find in favor of the six heavy metals were in accordance with the threshold edge concentrations on behalf of fish meat obligatory by European and other international normative. Regressions were achieved for both size (length and weight) and condition factor with concentrations of metal present in the fish body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20mossambica" title="Oreochromis mossambica">Oreochromis mossambica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxic%20analysis" title=" toxic analysis"> toxic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20size" title=" body size"> body size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=condition%20factor" title=" condition factor"> condition factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40825/male-oreochromis-mossambica-as-indicator-for-water-pollution-with-trace-elements-in-relation-to-condition-factor-from-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">584</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1679</span> Efficiency of Microbial Metabolites on Quality Milk Production in Nili Ravi Breed of Buffalos</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Ur%20Rahman">Sajjad Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Tahir"> Muhammad Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukarram%20Bashir"> Mukarram Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawad"> Jawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aoun%20Muhammad"> Aoun Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zohaib"> Muhammad Zohaib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Khan"> Hannan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seemal%20Javaid"> Seemal Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Azam"> Mariam Azam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficiency of natural metabolites obtained from partially fermented soya hulls and wheat bran using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) ensures a potential impact on the total milk yield and quality of milk production. On attaining a moderate number of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells around 1×10⁹ CFU/ml, the concentrate was further elevated under in-vivo conditions to study the quality of milk production in lactating buffalo. Ten lactating buffalos of the Nili Ravi breed having the same physical factors were given 12 gm of microbial metabolites daily, along with the palleted feed having 22 % proteins. Another group of 10 lactating animals with the same characteristics was maintained without metabolites. The body score, overall health, incidence of mastitis, milk fat, milk proteins, ash and solid not fat (SNF) were elevated on a weekly basis up to thirty days of trial. It was recorded that the average total increase in quality milk production was 0.9 liter/h/d, whereas SNF in the milk was enhanced to 0.71, and fats were decreased to 0.09 %. Moreover, during all periods of the trial, the overall non-specific immunity of buffalo was increased, as indicated by less than 0.2 % of mastitis incidence compared to 1.8% in the untreated buffalos. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20metabolites" title="natural metabolites">natural metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20milk" title=" quality milk"> quality milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk%20yield" title=" milk yield"> milk yield</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microorganisms" title=" microorganisms"> microorganisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonspecific%20immunity" title=" nonspecific immunity"> nonspecific immunity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=better%20performing%20animals" title=" better performing animals"> better performing animals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164255/efficiency-of-microbial-metabolites-on-quality-milk-production-in-nili-ravi-breed-of-buffalos" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1678</span> Efficiency of Natural Metabolites on Quality Milk Production in Mixed Breed Cows.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Azam">Mariam Azam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Ur%20Rahman"> Sajjad Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukarram%20Bashir"> Mukarram Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Tahir"> Muhammad Tahir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seemal%20Javaid"> Seemal Javaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jawad"> Jawad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aoun%20Muhammad"> Aoun Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Zohaib"> Muhammad Zohaib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannan%20Khan"> Hannan Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Products of microbial origin are of great importance as they have proved their value in healthcare and nutrition, use of these microbial metabolites acquired from partially fermented soya hulls and wheat bran along with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) substantiates to be a great source for an increase in the total milk production and quality yield.1×109 CFU/ml cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DL-22 S/N) were further grown under in-vivo conditions for the assessment of quality milk production. Two groups with twelve cows, each having the same physical characteristics (Group A and Group B), were under study, Group A was daily fed with 12gm of biological metabolites and 22% protein-pelleted feed. On the other hand, the animals of Group B were provided with no metabolites in their feed. In thirty days of trial, improvement in the overall health, body score, milk protein, milk fat, yield, incidence rate of mastitis, ash, and solid not fat (SNF) was observed. The collected data showed that the average quality milk production was elevated up to 0.45 liter/h/d. However, a reduction in the milk fats up to 0.45% and uplift in the SNF value up to 0.53% of cow milk was also observed. At the same time, the incidence rate of mastitis recorded for the animals under trial was reduced to half, and improved non specific immunity was reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20metabolites" title="microbial metabolites">microbial metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-biotics" title=" post-biotics"> post-biotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20supplements" title=" animal supplements"> animal supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20nutrition" title=" animal nutrition"> animal nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proteins" title=" proteins"> proteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20production" title=" animal production"> animal production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title=" fermentation"> fermentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164404/efficiency-of-natural-metabolites-on-quality-milk-production-in-mixed-breed-cows" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1677</span> Poetic Music by the Poet, Commander of the Faithful, Muhammad Bello: Prosodical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirajo%20Muhammad%20Sokoto">Sirajo Muhammad Sokoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Commander of the Faithful, Muhammad Bello, is considered one of the most distinguished scholars and poetic geniuses who is famous for reciting poetry in the classical vertical style. He is also represented by pre-Islamic poets such as Imru’ al-Qays and Alqamah and among the Islamists such as Hassan bin Thabit, Amr bin Abi Rabi’ah, and others. The poet drew from the seas of the Arabic language and its styles at the hands of His father, Sheikh Othman Bin Fodio, and his uncle, Sheikh Abdullah Bin Fodio, are both things that made Muhammad Bello conversant with the Arabic language until he was able to write poetry in a beautiful format and good style. The Commander of the Faithful, Muhammad Bello, did not deviate from what the Arabs know of poetic elements, such as taking into account its meanings and music; Muhammadu Bello has used every Bahr of prosody and its technicals in many of his poems. This article prepares the reader for the efforts made by the poet Muhammad Bello in composing poems on poetic seas, taking into account musical tones for different purposes according to his desire. The article will also discuss the poet’s talent, skill, and eloquence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music" title="music">music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bello" title=" Muhammad Bello"> Muhammad Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poetry" title=" poetry"> poetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performances" title=" performances"> performances</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176456/poetic-music-by-the-poet-commander-of-the-faithful-muhammad-bello-prosodical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1676</span> The Religious Thought of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the Father of the Bengoli Nation: An Analytical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Noor%20Hossain">Muhammad Noor Hossain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The biography of the father of the nation is the path of national life. It is natural that the ideals of the father will be reflected in his nation. In the interest of themselves, it is necessary to keep the father of the nation above controversy as well as necessary to research various aspects of his life. In that light, various aspects of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's (1920-1975 AD) life are being researched at home and abroad. He is the father of Bengali nation, the architect of Bangladesh's independence, the best Bengali of a thousand years, and a beacon of thought and consciousness of the nation. It is unfortunate but true that there are still doubts among the nation about his religious thought. There are many political and historical reasons behind this. Many consider him to be anti-Islamic. Before independence of Bangladesh, Pakistanis called him Islamophobic, accused India's broker and hero of partitioning Islamic Republic of Pakistan. He was also accused of secularism as the post-independence constitution of Bangladesh adopted secularism as one of its fundamental principles. Many called him a communist due to the inclusion of socialism in the constitution. On the other hand, some intellectuals did not hesitate to call him sectarian after seeing his devotion to religion. As the architect of freedom and the father of the nation, his religious thought should be clear. In the interest of national unity and solidarity, it is necessary to verify the truth of the charges against him and come to a decision. The article was written with the aim of clarifying his religious thought and removing doubts about them. This is an endeavor to review the charges of communalism, secularism, and socialism practiced by him. It is written in the historical and analytical method. The major findings are that he is not communist in the meaning of atheist, nor communalist in the meaning of fundamentalist. He is not socialist or secularist in the meaning of anti-religion. He is a moderate Muslim and devoted to righteousness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheikh%20Mujubur%20Rahman" title="Sheikh Mujubur Rahman">Sheikh Mujubur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20thought" title=" religious thought"> religious thought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secularism" title=" secularism"> secularism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socialism" title=" socialism"> socialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communalism" title=" communalism"> communalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constitution%20of%20Bangladesh%20of%201972" title=" Constitution of Bangladesh of 1972"> Constitution of Bangladesh of 1972</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157652/the-religious-thought-of-sheikh-mujibur-rahman-the-father-of-the-bengoli-nation-an-analytical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1675</span> Minimum Half Power Beam Width and Side Lobe Level Reduction of Linear Antenna Array Using Particle Swarm Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Ur%20Rahman">Saeed Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Ullah"> Naveed Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Irshad%20Khan"> Muhammad Irshad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quensheng%20Cao"> Quensheng Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niaz%20Muhammad%20Khan"> Niaz Muhammad Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper the optimization performance of non-uniform linear antenna array is presented. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented to minimize Side Lobe Level (SLL) and Half Power Beamwidth (HPBW). The purpose of using the PSO algorithm is to get the optimum values for inter-element spacing and excitation amplitude of linear antenna array that provides a radiation pattern with minimum SLL and HPBW. Various design examples are considered and the obtain results using PSO are confirmed by comparing with results achieved using other nature inspired metaheuristic algorithms such as real coded genetic algorithm (RGA) and biogeography (BBO) algorithm. The comparative results show that optimization of linear antenna array using the PSO provides considerable enhancement in the SLL and HPBW. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20antenna%20array" title="linear antenna array">linear antenna array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20side%20lobe%20level" title=" minimum side lobe level"> minimum side lobe level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrow%20half%20power%20beamwidth" title=" narrow half power beamwidth"> narrow half power beamwidth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimization" title=" particle swarm optimization"> particle swarm optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76942/minimum-half-power-beam-width-and-side-lobe-level-reduction-of-linear-antenna-array-using-particle-swarm-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1674</span> Paradigm Shift in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Developing Countries: Focus on Behavioral Changes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bishal%20Saha">Bishal Saha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musah%20Ahmed%20Rufai%20Muhyedeen"> Musah Ahmed Rufai Muhyedeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jubeyer%20Hossain%20Joy"> Jubeyer Hossain Joy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Muhitur%20Rahman"> Muhammad Muhitur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Shahedur%20Rahman"> Mohammad Shahedur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Arif%20Hasan"> Md Arif Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Masiur%20Rahman"> Syed Masiur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is one of the critical problems of today’s world. Many countries have been taking many short- and long-term plans to reduce climate change mitigation. However, the potential of behavioral changes in addressing this problem is promising, as reported by many researchers. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review that focuses on ways to influence people’s behavior in their homes, workplace, and transportation to mitigate the emission directly or indirectly. This study will investigate different theories pertinent to planned behavior and the key elements for modifying behavior like biophilia, reinforcement to use optimum energy and recyclable products, proper application of greenhouse tax, modern technology, and sustainable design adaptation, transportation sharing, social and community norms, proper education and information, and financial incentives. There is a number of challenges associated with behavioral changes. Behavioral interventions have different actions varied by their type and need to combine various policy tools and great social marketing. Many interventions can reduce GHG emissions without any compromise with household well-being. This study will develop a landscape of prevailing theories of environmental psychology by identifying and reviewing the key themes and findings of this field of study. It will support especially the developing countries to reduce GHG emissions without significant capital investment. It is also expected that the behavioral changes will lead to the successful adoption of climate-friendly policies easily. This study will also generate new research questions and directions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20changes" title="behavioral changes">behavioral changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change%20mitigation" title=" climate change mitigation"> climate change mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20psychology" title=" environmental psychology"> environmental psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greenhouse%20gas%20emission" title=" greenhouse gas emission"> greenhouse gas emission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136519/paradigm-shift-in-reducing-greenhouse-gas-emissions-for-developing-countries-focus-on-behavioral-changes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1673</span> Determining the Constituents of the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in the Light of the Quran: A Clinical Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamir%20I.%20Yazdani">Aamir I. Yazdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dr.%20Muhammad%20Nasir%20J.%20Qureshi">Dr. Muhammad Nasir J. Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The term Sunnah has been used both, for Allah Himself and for his messengers in the Quran. The way Allah dealt with people where the messengers (rasuls) were sent is called Sunnatullāh by the Quran. Likewise, the same term is used in the Quran, for Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) as in following the trodden path (Sunnah) of his forefather Prophet Abraham, Alaihissalam. It implies; therefore, the word Sunnah cannot be applied to things which relates to theoretical knowledge like faith etc. Its ambit remains the practices, actions linked to practical things only. In the case of the Quran, we find that there is complete agreement among all Muslims on what constitutes the book of Allah, based on ijma (unanimity, total agreement, consensus) and tawatur (uninterrupted continuity, without any gap). There seems to be no unanimity on the question on what constitutes Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). There are, therefore, several approaches towards Sunnah adopted by Muslims. This paper is based on Qualitative Methodology to determine the criterion of what constitutes the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and which practices constitute the precincts of the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-hikmah" title="Al-hikmah">Al-hikmah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hereafter" title=" Hereafter"> Hereafter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practices" title=" practices"> practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tazkiya" title=" Tazkiya"> Tazkiya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154194/determining-the-constituents-of-the-sunnah-of-prophet-muhammad-pbuh-in-the-light-of-the-quran-a-clinical-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1672</span> Management Potentialities Of Rice Blast Disease Caused By Magnaporthe Grisae Using New Nanofungicides Derived From Chitosan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulaziz%20Bashir%20Kutawa">Abdulaziz Bashir Kutawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairulmazmi%20Ahmad"> Khairulmazmi Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zobir%20Hussein"> Mohd Zobir Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asgar%20Ali"> Asgar Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Aswad%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Mohd Aswad Abdul Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amara%20Rafi"> Amara Rafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20Tiran%20Gunasena"> Mahesh Tiran Gunasena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ziaur%20Rahman"> Muhammad Ziaur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Imam%20Hossain"> Md Imam Hossain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syazwan%20Afif%20Mohd%20Zobir"> Syazwan Afif Mohd Zobir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various abiotic and biotic stresses have an impact on rice production all around the world. The most serious and prevalent disease in rice plants, known as rice blast, is one of the major obstacles to the production of rice. It is one of the diseases that has the greatest negative effects on rice farming globally, the disease is caused by a fungus called Magnaporthe grisae. Since nanoparticles were shown to have an inhibitory impact on certain types of fungus, nanotechnology is a novel notion to enhance agriculture by battling plant diseases. Utilizing nanocarrier systems enables the active chemicals to be absorbed, attached, and encapsulated to produce efficient nanodelivery formulations. The objectives of this research work were to determine the efficacy and mode of action of the nanofungicides (in-vitro) and in field conditions (in-vivo). Ionic gelation method was used in the development of the nanofungicides. Using the poisoned media method, the synthesized agronanofungicides' in-vitro antifungal activity was assessed against M. grisae. The potato dextrose agar (PDA) was amended in several concentrations; 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 ppm for the nanofungicides. Medium with the only solvent served as a control. Every day, mycelial growth was measured, and PIRG (percentage inhibition of radial growth) was also computed. Every day, mycelial growth was measured, and PIRG (percentage inhibition of radial growth) was also computed. Based on the results of the zone of inhibition, the chitosan-hexaconazole agronanofungicide (2g/mL) was the most effective fungicide to inhibit the growth of the fungus with 100% inhibition at 0.2, 0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 ppm, respectively. Then followed by carbendazim analytical fungicide that inhibited the growth of the fungus (100%) at 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 ppm, respectively. The least were found to be propiconazole and basamid fungicides with 100% inhibition only at 100 ppm. The scanning electron microscope (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to study the mechanisms of action of the M. grisae fungal cells. The results showed that both carbendazim, chitosan-hexaconazole, and HXE were found to be the most effective fungicides in disrupting the mycelia of the fungus, and internal structures of the fungal cells. The results of the field assessment showed that the CHDEN treatment (5g/L, double dosage) was found to be the most effective fungicide to reduce the intensity of the rice blast disease with DSI of 17.56%, lesion length (0.43 cm), DR of 82.44%, AUDPC of 260.54 Unit2, and PI of 65.33%, respectively. The least treatment was found to be chitosan-hexaconazole-dazomet (2.5g/L, MIC). The usage of CHDEN and CHEN nanofungicides will significantly assist in lessening the severity of rice blast in the fields, increasing output and profit for rice farmers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title="chitosan">chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hexaconazole" title=" hexaconazole"> hexaconazole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20incidence" title=" disease incidence"> disease incidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20magnaporthe%20grisae" title=" and magnaporthe grisae"> and magnaporthe grisae</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174996/management-potentialities-of-rice-blast-disease-caused-by-magnaporthe-grisae-using-new-nanofungicides-derived-from-chitosan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174996.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1671</span> Disease Control of Rice Blast Caused by Pyricularia Oryzae Cavara Using Novel Chitosan-based Agronanofungicides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulaziz%20Bashir%20Kutawa">Abdulaziz Bashir Kutawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairulmazmi%20Ahmad"> Khairulmazmi Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zobir%20Hussein"> Mohd Zobir Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asgar%20Ali"> Asgar Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Aswad%20Abdul%20Wahab"> Mohd Aswad Abdul Wahab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amara%20Rafi"> Amara Rafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahesh%20Tiran%20Gunasena"> Mahesh Tiran Gunasena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ziaur%20Rahman"> Muhammad Ziaur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Imam%20Hossain"> Md. Imam Hossain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syazwan%20Afif%20Mohd%20Zobir"> Syazwan Afif Mohd Zobir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rice is a cereal crop and belongs to the family Poaceae, it was domesticated in southern China and North-Eastern India around 8000 years ago, and it’s the staple nourishment for over half of the total world’s population. Rice production worldwide is affected by different abiotic and biotic stresses. Diseases are important challenges for the production of rice, among all the diseases in rice plants, the most severe and common disease is the rice blast. Worldwide, it is one of the most damaging diseases affecting rice cultivation, the disease is caused by the non-obligate filamentous ascomycete fungus called Magnaporthe grisae or Pyricularia oryzae Cav. Nanotechnology is a new idea to improve agriculture by combating the diseases of plants, as nanoparticles were found to possess an inhibitory effect on different species of fungi. This work aimed to develop and determine the efficacy of agronanofungicides, and commercial fungicides (in-vitro and in-vivo). The agronanofungicides were developed using ionic gelation methods. In-vitro antifungal activity of the synthesized agronanofungicides was evaluated against P. oryzae using the poisoned medium technique. The potato dextrose agar (PDA) was amended in several concentrations; 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 ppm for the agronanofungicides. Medium with the only solvent served as a control. Mycelial growth was recorded every day, and the percentage inhibition of radial growth (PIRG) was also calculated. Based on the results of the zone of inhibition, the chitosan-hexaconazole agronanofungicide (2g/mL) was the most effective fungicide to inhibit the growth of the fungus with 100% inhibition at 0.2, 0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 ppm, respectively. The least were found to be propiconazole and basamid fungicides with 100% inhibition only at 100 ppm. In terms of the glasshouse results, the chitosan-hexaconazole-dazomet agronanofungicide (CHDEN) treatment (2.5g/L) was found to be the most effective fungicide to reduce the intensity of the disease with a disease severity index (DSI) of 19.80%, protection index (PI) of 82.26%, lesion length of 1.63cm, disease reduction (DR) of 80.20%, and AUDPC (390.60 Unit2). The least effective fungicide was found to be ANV with a disease severity index (45.60%), protection index (45.24%), lesion length (3.83 cm), disease reduction (54.40%), and AUDPC (1205.75 Unit2). The negative control did not show any symptoms during the glasshouse assay, while the untreated control treatment exhibited severe symptoms of the disease with a DSI value of 64.38%, lesion length of 5.20 cm, and AUDPC value of 2201.85 Unit2, respectively. The treatments of agronanofungicides have enhanced the yield significantly with CHDEN having 239.00 while the healthy control had 113.67 for the number of grains per panicle. The use of CHEN and CHDEN will help immensely in reducing the severity of rice blast in the fields, and this will increase the yield and profit of the farmers that produced rice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title="chitosan">chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dazomet" title=" dazomet"> dazomet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20severity" title=" disease severity"> disease severity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficacy" title=" efficacy"> efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20blast%20disease" title=" and blast disease"> and blast disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174941/disease-control-of-rice-blast-caused-by-pyricularia-oryzae-cavara-using-novel-chitosan-based-agronanofungicides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1670</span> Rubric in Vocational Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azmanirah%20Ab%20Rahman">Azmanirah Ab Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamil%20Ahmad"> Jamil Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruhizan%20Muhammad%20Yasin"> Ruhizan Muhammad Yasin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rubric is a very important tool for teachers and students for a variety of purposes. Teachers use the rubric for evaluating student work while students use rubrics for self-assessment. Therefore, this paper was emphasized scoring rubric as a scoring tool for teachers in an environment of Competency Based Education and Training (CBET) in Malaysia Vocational College. A total of three teachers in the fields of electrical and electronics engineering were interviewed to identify how the use of rubrics practiced since vocational transformation implemented in 2012. Overall holistic rubric used to determine the performance of students in the skills area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rubric" title="rubric">rubric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational%20education" title=" vocational education"> vocational education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers" title=" teachers"> teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBET" title=" CBET"> CBET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4101/rubric-in-vocational-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1669</span> Ergonomics: Solutions for the Prevention of Injuries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Ammar%20Bin%20Mohd%20Asri">Muhamad Ammar Bin Mohd Asri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hamizan%20Bin%20Yusof"> Muhammad Hamizan Bin Yusof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Haziq%20Bin%20Abdul%20Khalil"> Muhammad Haziq Bin Abdul Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esman%20Hanief%20Bin%20Khairul%20Anuar"> Esman Hanief Bin Khairul Anuar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Fikri%20Bin%20Ishak"> Muhammad Fikri Bin Ishak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amril%20Azim%20Bin%20Mohd%20Norrahim"> Amril Azim Bin Mohd Norrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Danial%20Fakhri%20Bin%20Fakhruddin"> Muhammad Danial Fakhri Bin Fakhruddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Khairul%20Nizam%20in%20Hosnodin"> Muhammad Khairul Nizam in Hosnodin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ezzat%20Hariz%20Bin%20Norhisam"> Muhammad Ezzat Hariz Bin Norhisam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ergonomics is the science of creating and arranging workplaces, products, and systems to increase human performance, comfort, and safety. This study researched ergonomics as a solution for preventing workplace injuries, specifically musculoskeletal disorders, among employers and employees. The method will be used in this project is a literature review which means conducting a study about ergonomics with peer-reviewed journal articles and books. It focuses on employees and employers who are in one company on other departments under the protection of Occupational Safety and Health (OSHA). These solutions include ergonomic assessments, workplace design improvements, effective training and education, and the use of ergonomic tools and equipment. Employers can build workplaces that are safer and more productive by putting these solutions in place, and employees can work comfortably and prevent accidents from bad ergonomics. Overall, the paper highlights how crucial it is to take injury prevention measures and consider ergonomics at work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20safety%20and%20health" title="occupational safety and health">occupational safety and health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20disorders" title=" musculoskeletal disorders"> musculoskeletal disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomic" title=" ergonomic"> ergonomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomic%20risk" title=" ergonomic risk"> ergonomic risk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166691/ergonomics-solutions-for-the-prevention-of-injuries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1668</span> Online Community Suitable for e-Masjid ?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norlizam%20Md%20Sukiban">Norlizam Md Sukiban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faisal%20Ashaari"> Muhammad Faisal Ashaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hidayah%20bt%20Rahmalan"> Hidayah bt Rahmalan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The role that a mosque or masjid have applied during the life of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) was magnificent. Masjid managed to gather the community in lots of ways. It was the center of the first Islamic community and nation, with greatest triumphs and tragedies. It was a place to accommodate for the community center, homeless refuge, university and mosque all rolled into one. However, the role of masjid applied today was less than the time of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) was alive. The advanced technology such as the internet has a major impact to the community nowadays. For example, community online has been chosen for lots of people to maintain their relationship and suggest various events among the communities members. This study is to investigate the possibility of the role of e-Masjid in adapting the concept of community online in order to remain the role played as such as role of masjid during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W). Definition and the characteristic of the online community were listed, along with the benefits of the online community. Later, discussion on the possibility of the online community to be adapted in e-Masjid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-masjid" title="e-masjid">e-masjid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20community" title=" online community"> online community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20community" title=" virtual community"> virtual community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-community" title=" e-community"> e-community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30797/online-community-suitable-for-e-masjid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1667</span> A Study in the Formation of a Term: Sahaba</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Rahman%20Chamseddine">Abdul Rahman Chamseddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Companions of the Prophet Muhammad, the Sahaba, are regarded as the first link between him and later believers who did not know him or learn from him directly. This makes the Sahaba a link in the chain between God and the ummah (community). Apart from their role in spreading the Prophet’s teachings, they came to be regarded as role models, representing the Islamic ideal of life as prescribed by the Prophet himself. According to Hadith, the Prophet had promised some Sahaba unqualified admission to paradise. It is commonly agreed that the Sahaba have the following attributes in common: God is well pleased with them; they will surely go to paradise; they are perfectly trustworthy; and they are the authorities from whom Muslims can learn all matters related to their religion. No other generation of Muslims has received the attention received by the Companions of the Prophet. In spite of the importance of the Sahaba in Islam, we still know comparatively little about them. There are at least two reasons for this. First, there is the overall scarcity of information surviving from the early period. At the death of the Prophet, it is said, there were more than 100,000 Companions. As we shall see, this is a complex issue, involving the definition of the term Sahaba. However, only few Companions of the Prophet are known to us. Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalani, who wrote in the fifteenth century A.D., was only able to collect facts about 11,000 of them (including those whose status as Sahaba was disputed). Ibn Sa‘d, Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr and Ibn al-Athir, all of whom lived earlier than Ibn Hajar, included in their respective works fewer lives of Sahaba than he did. If we consider Ibn Hajar’s Isaba as the most complete biographical account of the Sahaba that remains available, we have information, presumably, on approximately one tenth of them. The remaining nine tenths are apparently lost from the historical record. Second, discussion of the Sahaba tends to focus on those considered the most important among them such as ‘Uthman, ‘Ali and Mu‘awiya, while others, who together number in the thousands, are less well-known. This paper will try to study the origins of the term Sahaba that became exclusive to the Companions of the Prophet and not a synonym of the word companions in general. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=companions" title="companions">companions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadith" title=" Hadith"> Hadith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20history" title=" Islamic history"> Islamic history</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad" title=" Muhammad"> Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahaba" title=" Sahaba"> Sahaba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission" title=" transmission"> transmission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23205/a-study-in-the-formation-of-a-term-sahaba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1666</span> Student Attendance System Applying Reed Solomon ECC </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Noah%20A.%20Rahman">Mohd Noah A. Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armandurni%20Abd%20Rahman"> Armandurni Abd Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afzaal%20H.%20Seyal"> Afzaal H. Seyal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md%20Rizal%20Md%20Hendry"> Md Rizal Md Hendry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article reports an automated student attendance system modeled and developed for use at a Vocational school. This project focuses on developing an application using a QR code utilizing the Reed-Solomon error correction code using a smartphone scanned through a webcam. This system enables us to speed up the process of taking attendance and would save us valuable teaching time. This is planned to help students avoid consequences that may result from poor attendances which will eventually penalize them from sitting their final examination as required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QR%20code" title="QR code">QR code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reed-Solomon" title=" Reed-Solomon"> Reed-Solomon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20correction" title=" error correction"> error correction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20design." title=" system design."> system design.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43815/student-attendance-system-applying-reed-solomon-ecc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43815.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1665</span> Benefits and Drawbacks of Robotic Firefighting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mukhtar%20Ibrahim%20Bello">Mukhtar Ibrahim Bello</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20U.%20Aikawa"> Ibrahim U. Aikawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sadiq%20Muhammad"> Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Baballe%20Ahmad"> Muhammad Baballe Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These vital signs can be tracked by wearable sensors, which can also be used to assess patients' health. As a result, they can be very beneficial to patients and healthcare professionals in the diagnosis of diseases, particularly when it comes to taking a patient's body temperature in infectious disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20out-break" title="fire out-break">fire out-break</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robots" title=" robots"> robots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=saving" title=" saving"> saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dangerous%20environments" title=" dangerous environments"> dangerous environments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impacts" title=" impacts"> impacts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406/benefits-and-drawbacks-of-robotic-firefighting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1664</span> Diarrheal Management Practices in Children Under Five Years and Its Associated Factors Attending Health Clinic in Kalimantan Timur Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tri%20Murti">Tri Murti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Hanafiah%20Juni"> Muhammad Hanafiah Juni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hejar%20Abdul%20Rahman">Hejar Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salmiah%20Binti%20Said">Salmiah Binti Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diarrhoeal disease continues to be a leading cause of childhood mortality in countries such as Indonesia, where it is estimated to be responsible for 300,000 deaths annually in children under the age of years. Morbidity survey the Ministry of Health of Indonesia from 2000 to 2010 showed incidence diarrhoea remains a leading cause of infant mortality. Causes of death from diarrhoea is related to poor governance both at home and in health facilities. Despite the improvement of health facilities and government effort to reduce the occurrence of diarrhoea among children and death from diarrhoea, the incidence of diarrhoea among children area still high. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20diarrheal%20disease" title="management diarrheal disease">management diarrheal disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practices%20mother" title=" practices mother"> practices mother</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diarrhoea%20among%20children" title=" diarrhoea among children"> diarrhoea among children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22883/diarrheal-management-practices-in-children-under-five-years-and-its-associated-factors-attending-health-clinic-in-kalimantan-timur-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1663</span> Antiprotozoal Activity of Peganum harmala against Babesiosis in Cattle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Mustafa%20Jafar">Muhammad Mustafa Jafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Ashar%20Mahfooz"> Syed Ashar Mahfooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ejaz%20Saleem"> Muhammad Ejaz Saleem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asif%20Raza"> Muhammad Asif Raza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asghar%20Abbas"> Asghar Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rao%20Zahid%20Abbas"> Rao Zahid Abbas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Kasib%20Khan"> Muhammad Kasib Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Muhammad%20Ishaq"> Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Babesia gradually attained resistance against the synthetic medicines. To overcome the drug resistance, herbal therapy has gained more attention as compared to allopathic therapy. Peganumharmala (harmal) is a plant which has shown effective results against various protozoal diseases. Therefore, the present study was planned to monitor the efficacy of Peganumharmala (aqueous extract) against Babesiosis in cattle. For this purpose, a total of forty (n=40) infected animals were randomly divided into four equal groups (A, B, C, and D). Group A was treated with aqueous extract of Peganum harmala at 7.5 mg/kg, group B at 10 mg/kg and group C at 12.5 mg/kg of body weight. Group D served as a control group (normal). It was observed that there was a stabilization in hematological parameters (white and red blood cells, hemoglobin and Packed cell volume) in infected animals treated with Peganum harmala at different doses. Results of this study hence indicated that Peganum harmala extract at 12.5mg/kg BW is more effective against Babesiosis than lower doses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babesiosis" title="Babesiosis">Babesiosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cattle" title=" cattle"> cattle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control" title=" control"> control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peganum%20harmala" title=" Peganum harmala"> Peganum harmala</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98101/antiprotozoal-activity-of-peganum-harmala-against-babesiosis-in-cattle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98101.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1662</span> The Theology of a Muslim Artist: Tawfiq al-Hakim</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Rahman%20Chamseddine">Abdul Rahman Chamseddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tawfiq al-Hakim remains one of the most prominent playwrights in his native in Egypt, and in the broader Arab world. His works, at the time of their release, drew international attention and acclaim. His first 1933 masterpiece Ahl al-Kahf (The People of the Cave) especially, garnered fame and recognition in both Europe and the Arab world. Borrowing its title from the Qur’anic Sura, al-Hakim’s play relays the untold story of the life of those 'three saints' after they wake up from their prolonged sleep. The playwright’s selection of topics upon which to base his works displays a deep appreciation of Arabic and Islamic heritage. Al-Hakim was clearly influenced by Islam, to such a degree that he wrote the biography of the Prophet Muhammad in 1936 very early in his career. Knowing that Al-Hakim was preceded by many poets and creative writers in writing the Prophet Muhammad’s biography. Notably like Al-Barudi, Ahmad Shawqi, Haykal, Al-‘Aqqad, and Taha Husayn who have had their own ways in expressing their views of the Prophet Muhammad. The attempt to understand the concern of all those renaissance men and others in the person of the Prophet would be indispensable in this study. This project will examine the reasons behind al-Hakim’s choice to draw upon these particular texts, embedded as they are in the context of Arabic and Islamic heritage, and how the use of traditional texts serves his contemporary goals. The project will also analyze the image of Islam in al-Hakim’s imagination. Elsewhere, he envisions letters or conversations between God and himself, which offers a window into understanding the powerful impact of the Divine on Tawfiq al-Hakim, one that informs his literature and merits further scholarly attention. His works occupying a major rank in Arabic literature, does not reveal Al-Hakim solely but the unquestioned assumptions operative in the life of his community, its mental make-up and its attitudes. Furthermore, studying the reception of works that touch on sensitive issues, like writing a letter to God, in Al-Hakim’s historical context would be of a great significance in the process of comprehending the mentality of the Muslim community at that time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20language" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20literature" title=" Arabic literature"> Arabic literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20theology" title=" Arabic theology"> Arabic theology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20Arabic%20literature" title=" modern Arabic literature"> modern Arabic literature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52528/the-theology-of-a-muslim-artist-tawfiq-al-hakim" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1661</span> Biomass For Energy In Improving Sustainable Economic Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahiru%20Muhammad">Dahiru Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Danladi"> Muhammad Danladi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Yahaya"> Muhammad Yahaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Garba"> Adamu Garba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper put forward the potentialities of biomass for energy as divers means of sustainable economic development. The paper explains, in brief, the ways or methods that are used to generate energy from biomass, such as combustion, pyrolysis, anaerobic, and gasification, and also how biomass for energy can enhance the sustainable economic development of a Nation. Currently, the nation depends on fossil fuels as a sources of generating its energy which is finite and deflectable with time, while on the other hand, biomass is an alternative and endless product which consists of forest biomass, agricultural residues, and energy crops. Finally, recommendations and conclusion were made on the role of biomass for energy in improving sustainable economic development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic" title=" economic"> economic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160578/biomass-for-energy-in-improving-sustainable-economic-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1660</span> Biomass Energy in Improving Sustainable Economic Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahiru%20Muhammad">Dahiru Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Danladi"> Muhammad Danladi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adamu%20Garba"> Adamu Garba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Yahaya"> Muhammad Yahaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper put forward the potentialities of biomass for energy as divers means of sustainable economic development. The paper explains in brief the ways or methods that are used to generate energy from biomass, such as combustion, pyrolysis, anaerobic, and gasification, and also how biomass for energy can enhance the sustainable economic development of a Nation. Currently, the nation depends on fossil fuels as a sources of generating its energy which is finite and deflectable with time, while on the other hand, biomass is an alternative and endless product which consists of a forest biomass, agricultural residues, and energy crops. Finally, recommendations and conclusion were made on the role of biomass for energy in improving sustainable economic development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title=" energy"> energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic" title=" economic"> economic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160583/biomass-energy-in-improving-sustainable-economic-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160583.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1659</span> Organotin (IV) Based Complexes as Promiscuous Antibacterials: Synthesis in vitro, in Silico Pharmacokinetic, and Docking Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajid%20Rehman">Wajid Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sirajul%20Haq"> Sirajul Haq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakhtiar%20Muhammad"> Bakhtiar Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Fahad%20Hassan"> Syed Fahad Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amin%20Badshah"> Amin Badshah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Waseem"> Muhammad Waseem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fazal%20Rahim"> Fazal Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obaid-Ur-Rahman%20Abid"> Obaid-Ur-Rahman Abid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzana%20Latif%20Ansari"> Farzana Latif Ansari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umer%20Rashid"> Umer Rashid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Five novel triorganotin (IV) compounds have been synthesized and characterized. The tin atom is penta-coordinated to assume trigonal-bipyramidal geometry. Using in silico derived parameters; the objective of our study is to design and synthesize promiscuous antibacterials potent enough to combat resistance. Among various synthesized organotin (IV) complexes, compound 5 was found as potent antibacterial agent against various bacterial strains. Further lead optimization of drug-like properties was evaluated through in silico predictions. Data mining and computational analysis were utilized to derive compound promiscuity phenomenon to avoid drug attrition rate in designing antibacterials. Xanthine oxidase and human glucose- 6-phosphatase were found as only true positive off-target hits by ChEMBL database and others utilizing similarity ensemble approach. Propensity towards a-3 receptor, human macrophage migration factor and thiazolidinedione were found as false positive off targets with E-value 1/4> 10^-4 for compound 1, 3, and 4. Further, displaying positive drug-drug interaction of compound 1 as uricosuric was validated by all databases and docked protein targets with sequence similarity and compositional matrix alignment via BLAST software. Promiscuity of the compound 5 was further conﬁrmed by in silico binding to different antibacterial targets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20promiscuity" title=" drug promiscuity"> drug promiscuity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADMET%20prediction" title=" ADMET prediction"> ADMET prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallo-pharmaceutical" title=" metallo-pharmaceutical"> metallo-pharmaceutical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimicrobial%20resistance" title=" antimicrobial resistance"> antimicrobial resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17900/organotin-iv-based-complexes-as-promiscuous-antibacterials-synthesis-in-vitro-in-silico-pharmacokinetic-and-docking-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1658</span> Information Technology and Occupational Safety and Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Afiq%20Anaqi%20Bin%20Baharudin">Muhammad Afiq Anaqi Bin Baharudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Izamuddin%20Bin%20Mohd%20Nasir"> Muhammad Izamuddin Bin Mohd Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syarifuddin%20Bin%20Sujuanda"> Syarifuddin Bin Sujuanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Syahmi%20Rusyaidi%20Bin%20Sham%20Suddin"> Muhammad Syahmi Rusyaidi Bin Sham Suddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danish%20Hakimi%20Bin%20Kamaruzaman"> Danish Hakimi Bin Kamaruzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Haqimi%20Nazim%20Bin%20Hasmanizam"> Muhammad Haqimi Nazim Bin Hasmanizam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Akmal%20Zakwan%20Bin%20Amran"> Mohammad Akmal Zakwan Bin Amran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alparizi%20Bin%20Latif"> Muhammad Alparizi Bin Latif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By improving efficiency and production, information technology (IT) has transformed working environments, but it has also created new threats to occupational safety and health (OSH). This study evaluates the literature that has already been written on the subject of IT and OSH, identifies major findings and discussion points, and highlights gaps in the material that call for additional research. The study's findings, which look at how IT affects OSH in a sizable multinational organization, are also presented in the report. According to the report, IT poses a number of OSH problems, such as ergonomic dangers, eye strain, dangers related to cybersecurity, and psychological hazards. The report suggests using tactics like providing comfortable workstations, encouraging a healthy balance between work and life, and putting strong cybersecurity safeguards in place to reduce these dangers. The implications of these findings for OSH and IT are discussed in the paper's conclusion, and it emphasizes the need for more study and action to address these dangers and promote healthy and secure working environments in the age of digitization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20technology" title="information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20safety%20and%20health%20%28OSH%29" title=" occupational safety and health (OSH)"> occupational safety and health (OSH)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomic" title=" ergonomic"> ergonomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hazards" title=" hazards"> hazards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace." title=" workplace."> workplace.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166045/information-technology-and-occupational-safety-and-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1657</span> Reducing CO2 Emission Using EDA and Weighted Sum Model in Smart Parking System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahman%20Ali">Rahman Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Sajjad"> Muhammad Sajjad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farkhund%20Iqbal"> Farkhund Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Sadiq%20Hassan%20Zada"> Muhammad Sadiq Hassan Zada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Hussain"> Mohammed Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emission of Carbon Dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) has adversely affected the environment. One of the major sources of CO<sub>2 </sub>emission is transportation. In the last few decades, the increase in mobility of people using vehicles has enormously increased the emission of CO<sub>2</sub> in the environment. To reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emission, sustainable transportation system is required in which smart parking is one of the important measures that need to be established. To contribute to the issue of reducing the amount of CO<sub>2 </sub>emission, this research proposes a smart parking system. A cloud-based solution is provided to the drivers which automatically searches and recommends the most preferred parking slots. To determine preferences of the parking areas, this methodology exploits a number of unique parking features which ultimately results in the selection of a parking that leads to minimum level of CO<sub>2 </sub>emission from the current position of the vehicle. To realize the methodology, a scenario-based implementation is considered. During the implementation, a mobile application with GPS signals, vehicles with a number of vehicle features and a list of parking areas with parking features are used by sorting, multi-level filtering, exploratory data analysis (EDA, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)) and weighted sum model (WSM) to rank the parking areas and recommend the drivers with top-k most preferred parking areas. In the EDA process, “2020testcar-2020-03-03”, a freely available dataset is used to estimate CO<sub>2 </sub>emission of a particular vehicle. To evaluate the system, results of the proposed system are compared with the conventional approach, which reveal that the proposed methodology supersedes the conventional one in reducing the emission of CO<sub>2 </sub>into the atmosphere. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%20parking" title="car parking">car parking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Co2" title=" Co2"> Co2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Co2%20reduction" title=" Co2 reduction"> Co2 reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=merge%20sort" title=" merge sort"> merge sort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=number%20plate%20recognition" title=" number plate recognition"> number plate recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20car%20parking" title=" smart car parking"> smart car parking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128420/reducing-co2-emission-using-eda-and-weighted-sum-model-in-smart-parking-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1656</span> Variation of Inductance in a Switched-Reluctance Motor under Various Rotor Faults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Asghar%20Saqib">Muhammad Asghar Saqib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Saleem%20Khan"> Saad Saleem Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Abdul%20Rahman%20Kashif"> Syed Abdul Rahman Kashif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to have higher efficiency, performance and reliability the regular monitoring of an electrical motor is required. This article presents a novel view of the air-gap magnetic field analysis of a switched reluctance motor under rotor cracks and rotor tilt along its shaft axis. The fault diagnosis is illustrated on the basis of a 3-D model of the motor using finite element analysis (FEA). The analytical equations of flux linkages have been used to determine the inductance. The results of the 3-D finite element analysis on a 6/4 switched reluctance motor (SRM) shows the variation of mutual inductance with the tilting of the rotor shaft and cracked rotor conditions. These results present useful information regarding the detection of shaft tilting and cracked rotors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switched%20reluctance%20motor" title="switched reluctance motor">switched reluctance motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracked%20rotor" title=" cracked rotor"> cracked rotor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-D%20modelling%20of%20a%20srm" title=" 3-D modelling of a srm"> 3-D modelling of a srm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30951/variation-of-inductance-in-a-switched-reluctance-motor-under-various-rotor-faults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">664</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1655</span> Managers’ Mobile Information Behavior in an Openness Paradigm Era</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Latif%20Abdul%20Rahman">Abd Latif Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuraidah%20Arif"> Zuraidah Arif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faizal%20Iylia"> Muhammad Faizal Iylia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ghazali"> Mohd Ghazali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmadi%20Mohammed%20Ghazali"> Asmadi Mohammed Ghazali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobile information is a significant access point for human information activities. Theories and models of human information behavior have developed over several decades but have not yet considered the role of the user’s computing device in digital information interactions. This paper reviews the literature that leads to developing a conceptual framework of a study on the managers mobile information behavior. Based on the literature review, dimensions of mobile information behavior are identified, namely, dimension information needs, dimension information access, information retrieval and dimension of information use. The study is significant to understand the nature of librarians’ behavior in searching, retrieving and using information via the mobile device. Secondly, the study would provide suggestions about various kinds of mobile applications which organization can provide for their staff to improve their services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20information%20behavior" title="mobile information behavior">mobile information behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20behavior" title=" information behavior"> information behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20information" title=" mobile information"> mobile information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20devices" title=" mobile devices"> mobile devices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45724/managers-mobile-information-behavior-in-an-openness-paradigm-era" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1654</span> A Correlative Study of Heating Values of Saw Dust and Rice Husks in the Thermal Generation of Electricity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Danladi">Muhammad Danladi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Bura%20Garba"> Muhammad Bura Garba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Yahaya"> Muhammad Yahaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahiru%20Muhammad"> Dahiru Muhammad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biomass is one of the primary sources of energy supply, which contributes to about 78% of Nigeria. In this work, a comparative analysis of the heating values of sawdust and rice husks in the thermal generation of electricity was carried out. In the study, different masses of biomass were used and the corresponding electromotive force in millivolts was obtained. A graph of e.m.f was plotted against the mass of each biomass and a gradient was obtained. Bar graphs were plotted to represent the values of e.m.f and masses of the biomass. Also, a graph of e.m.f against eating values of sawdust and rice husks was plotted, and in each case, as the e.m.f increases also, the heating values increases. The result shows that saw dust with 0.033Mv/g gradient and 3.5 points of intercept had the highest gradient, followed by rice husks with 0.026Mv/g gradient and 2.6 points of intercept. It is, therefore, concluded that sawdust is the most efficient of the two types of biomass in the thermal generation of electricity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity" title=" electricity"> electricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal" title=" thermal"> thermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generation" title=" generation"> generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160516/a-correlative-study-of-heating-values-of-saw-dust-and-rice-husks-in-the-thermal-generation-of-electricity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1653</span> The Importance of Political Advice in Islam: Hadith Thematical Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurzarimah%20Jamil">Nurzarimah Jamil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Nazaruddin%20Jamil"> Mohd Nazaruddin Jamil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is a preliminary study about The Importance of Political Advice in Islam: Ḥadīth Thematical Study by showing the concept and proper ways to advice to politician based on hadith Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The unique of political advice in Islam that Muslim already have the strong and fulfil example that can be apply in nowadays governance that is the way of political and leadership Prophet Muhammad show in his time. As a political leader, the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) established a great state whose capital was Madinah. However, his real political leadership was in the realm of morality and spirituality in which he conducted himself perfectly in situations of weakness as well as strength. His way of dealing in Makkah and Madinah indicates his great political leadership. Based on fact nowadays some of the country not practicing the proper way to advice to rulers or governance that make a lot of madness around them. This paper also aims the concept and the proper way that can be following to all Muslim to advising by the politeness, justice and kindness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20advice" title=" political advice"> political advice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prophet%20Muhammad" title=" Prophet Muhammad"> Prophet Muhammad</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73118/the-importance-of-political-advice-in-islam-hadith-thematical-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73118.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1652</span> Muhammad`s Vision of Interaction with Supernatural Beings According to the Hadith in Comparison to Parallels of Other Cultures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20A.%20Rozov">Vladimir A. Rozov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Comparative studies of religion and ritual could contribute better understanding of human culture universalities. Belief in supernatural beings seems to be a common feature of the religion. A significant part of the Islamic concepts that concern supernatural beings is based on a tradition based on the Hadiths. They reflect, among other things, his ideas about a proper way to interact with supernatural beings. These ideas to a large extent follow from the pre-Islamic religious experience of the Arabs and had been reflected in a number of ritual actions. Some of those beliefs concern a particular function of clothing. For example, it is known that Muhammad was wrapped in clothes during the revelation of the Quran. The same thing was performed by pre-Islamic soothsayers (kāhin) and by rival opponents of Muhammad during their trances. Muhammad also turned the clothes inside out during religious rituals (prayer for rain). Besides these specific ways of clothing which prove the external similarity of Muhammad with the soothsayers and other people who claimed the connection with supernatural forces, the pre-Islamic soothsayers had another characteristic feature which is physical flaws. In this regard, it is worth to note Muhammad's so-called "Seal the Prophecy" (h̠ ātam an- nubūwwa) -protrusion or outgrowth on his back. Another interesting feature of Muhammad's behavior was his attitude to eating onion and garlic. In particular, the Prophet didn`t eat them and forbade people who had tasted these vegetables to enter mosques, until the smell ceases to be felt. The reason for this ban on eating onion and garlic is caused by a belief that the smell of these products prevents communication with otherworldly forces. The materials of the Hadith also suggest that Muhammad shared faith in the apotropical properties of water. Both of these ideas have parallels in other cultures of the world. Muhammad's actions supposed to provide an interaction with the supernatural beings are not accidental. They have parallels in the culture of pre-Islamic Arabia as well as in many past and present world cultures. The latter fact can be explained by the similarity of the universal human beliefs in supernatural beings and how they should be interacted with. Later a number of similar ideas shared by the Prophet Muhammad was legitimized by the Islamic tradition and formed the basis of popular Islamic rituals. Thus, these parallels emphasize the commonality of human notions of supernatural beings and also demonstrate the significance of the pre-Islamic cultural context in analyzing the genesis of Islamic religious beliefs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hadith" title="hadith">hadith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prophet%20Muhammad" title=" Prophet Muhammad"> Prophet Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ritual" title=" ritual"> ritual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supernatural%20beings" title=" supernatural beings"> supernatural beings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77135/muhammads-vision-of-interaction-with-supernatural-beings-according-to-the-hadith-in-comparison-to-parallels-of-other-cultures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ziaur%20Rahman&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ziaur%20Rahman&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ziaur%20Rahman&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ziaur%20Rahman&page=5">5</a></li> <li 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