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genetic</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: genetic"> <meta name="keywords" content="genetic"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="genetic"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1588</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: genetic</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1588</span> A Survey of Grammar-Based Genetic Programming and Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20T.%20Wilson">Matthew T. Wilson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper covers a selection of research utilizing grammar-based genetic programming, and illustrates how context-free grammar can be used to constrain genetic programming. It focuses heavily on grammatical evolution, one of the most popular variants of grammar-based genetic programming, and the way its operators and terminals are specialized and modified from those in genetic programming. A variety of implementations of grammatical evolution for general use are covered, as well as research each focused on using grammatical evolution or grammar-based genetic programming on a single application, or to solve a specific problem, including some of the classically considered genetic programming problems, such as the Santa Fe Trail. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context-free%20grammar" title="context-free grammar">context-free grammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithms" title=" genetic algorithms"> genetic algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20programming" title=" genetic programming"> genetic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grammatical%20evolution" title=" grammatical evolution"> grammatical evolution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120249/a-survey-of-grammar-based-genetic-programming-and-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1587</span> Level of Awareness of Genetic Counselling in Benue State Nigeria: Its Advocacy on the Inheritance of Sickle Cell Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agi%20Sunday">Agi Sunday</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A descriptive analysis of reported cases of sickle cell disease and the level of awareness about genetic counselling in 30 hospitals were carried out. Additionally, 150 individuals between ages 16-45 were randomly selected for evaluation of genetic counselling awareness. The main tools for this study were questionnaires which were taken to hospitals, and individuals completed the others. The numbers of reported cases of sickle cell disease recorded in private, public and teaching hospitals were 14 and 57; 143 and 89; 272 and 57 for the periods of 1995-2000 and 2001-2005, respectively. A general informal genetic counselling took place mostly in the hospitals visited. 122 (86%) individuals had the knowledge of genetic disease and only 43 (30.3%) individuals have been exposed to genetic counselling. 64% of individuals agreed that genetic counselling would help in the prevention of genetic disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sickle%20disease" title="sickle disease">sickle disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20counseling" title=" genetic counseling"> genetic counseling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title=" genetic testing"> genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advocacy" title=" advocacy"> advocacy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8810/level-of-awareness-of-genetic-counselling-in-benue-state-nigeria-its-advocacy-on-the-inheritance-of-sickle-cell-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1586</span> Genetic Testing and Research in South Africa: The Sharing of Data Across Borders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Gooden">Amy Gooden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meshandren%20Naidoo"> Meshandren Naidoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Genetic research is not confined to a particular jurisdiction. Using direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) as an example, this research assesses the status of data sharing into and out of South Africa (SA). While SA laws cover the sending of genetic data out of SA, prohibiting such transfer unless a legal ground exists, the position where genetic data comes into the country depends on the laws of the country from where it is sent – making the legal position less clear. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-border" title="cross-border">cross-border</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data" title=" data"> data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title=" genetic testing"> genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation" title=" regulation"> regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sharing" title=" sharing"> sharing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153426/genetic-testing-and-research-in-south-africa-the-sharing-of-data-across-borders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1585</span> A Review Paper on Data Mining and Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sikander%20Singh%20Cheema">Sikander Singh Cheema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasmeen%20Kaur"> Jasmeen Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the concept of data mining is summarized and its one of the important process i.e KDD is summarized. The data mining based on Genetic Algorithm is researched in and ways to achieve the data mining Genetic Algorithm are surveyed. This paper also conducts a formal review on the area of data mining tasks and genetic algorithm in various fields. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title="data mining">data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KDD" title=" KDD"> KDD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=descriptive%20mining" title=" descriptive mining"> descriptive mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=predictive%20mining" title=" predictive mining"> predictive mining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43637/a-review-paper-on-data-mining-and-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43637.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">591</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1584</span> Hardware for Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariborz%20Ahmadi">Fariborz Ahmadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Tati"> Reza Tati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Genetic algorithm is a soft computing method that works on set of solutions. These solutions are called chromosome and the best one is the absolute solution of the problem. The main problem of this algorithm is that after passing through some generations, it may be produced some chromosomes that had been produced in some generations ago that causes reducing the convergence speed. From another respective, most of the genetic algorithms are implemented in software and less works have been done on hardware implementation. Our work implements genetic algorithm in hardware that doesn’t produce chromosome that have been produced in previous generations. In this work, most of genetic operators are implemented without producing iterative chromosomes and genetic diversity is preserved. Genetic diversity causes that not only do not this algorithm converge to local optimum but also reaching to global optimum. Without any doubts, proposed approach is so faster than software implementations. Evaluation results also show the proposed approach is faster than hardware ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardware" title="hardware">hardware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20science" title=" computer science"> computer science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering" title=" engineering"> engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5598/hardware-for-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1583</span> Enhancement of Genetic Diversity through Cross Breeding of Two Catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis and Clarias batrachus) in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20Miah">M. F. Miah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Chakrabarty"> A. Chakrabarty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two popular and highly valued fish, Stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis) and Asian catfish (Clarias batrachus) are considered for observing genetic enhancement. Cross breeding was performed considering wild and farmed fish through inducing agent. Five RAPD markers were used to assess genetic diversity among parents and offspring of these two catfish for evaluating genetic enhancement in F1 generation. Considering different genetic data such as banding pattern of DNA, polymorphic loci, polymorphic information content (PIC), inter individual pair wise similarity, Nei genetic similarity, genetic distance, phylogenetic relationships, allele frequency, genotype frequency, intra locus gene diversity and average gene diversity of parents and offspring of these two fish were analyzed and finally in both cases higher genetic diversity was found in F1 generation than the parents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heteropneustes%20fossilis" title="Heteropneustes fossilis">Heteropneustes fossilis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clarias%20batrachus" title=" Clarias batrachus"> Clarias batrachus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20breeding" title=" cross breeding"> cross breeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20enhancement" title=" genetic enhancement"> genetic enhancement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82616/enhancement-of-genetic-diversity-through-cross-breeding-of-two-catfish-heteropneustes-fossilis-and-clarias-batrachus-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1582</span> Genetic and Non-Genetic Evaluation of Milk Yield and Litter Size of Awassi Sheep in Drylands</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Al-Najjar">Khaled Al-Najjar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Q.%20Al-Momani"> Ahmad Q. Al-Momani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Elnahas"> Ahmed Elnahas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Elsaid"> Reda Elsaid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research was carried out using records of Awassi sheep bred in drylands at Al-Fjaj Station, Jordan. That aimed to study non-genetic factors affecting milk yield (MK), litter size at birth (LZB); estimate heritability, repeatability, and genetic and phenotypic correlation using SAS and MTDFREML programs. The results were as follows, the average MK and LZB were 92.84 (kg) and 1.16, respectively. MK was highly significantly affected by each parity, age of ewe, year of lambing, and lactation period, while only the year of lambing had a significant effect on LZB. The heritability and repeatability were 0.07 and 0.10 for MK, while it was 0.05 and 0.25 for LZB. The genetic and phenotypic correlations were 0.17 and 0.02 between MK and LZB, respectively. The research concluded that the herd is genetically homozygous and therefore needs to increase genetic variance by introducing LZB-improved rams and selecting females from dams who achieved at least four parties to increase returns in drylands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awassi%20sheep" title="Awassi sheep">Awassi sheep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20parameters" title=" genetic parameters"> genetic parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=litter%20size" title=" litter size"> litter size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk%20yield" title=" milk yield"> milk yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149418/genetic-and-non-genetic-evaluation-of-milk-yield-and-litter-size-of-awassi-sheep-in-drylands" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1581</span> The Legal Regulation of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing In South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Gooden">Amy Gooden</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite its prevalence, direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) remains under-investigated in South Africa (SA), and the issue of regulation is yet to be examined. Therefore, this research maps the current legal landscape relating to DTC-GT in SA through a legal analysis of the extant law relevant to the industry and the issues associated therewith – with the intention of determining if and how DTC-GT is legally governed. This research analyses: whether consumers are legally permitted to collect their saliva; whether DTC-GT are medical devices; licensing, registering, and advertising; importing and exporting; and genetic research conducted by companies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct-to-consumer%20genetic%20testing" title="direct-to-consumer genetic testing">direct-to-consumer genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title=" genetic testing"> genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation" title=" regulation"> regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153430/the-legal-regulation-of-direct-to-consumer-genetic-testing-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1580</span> Genetic Variation of Shvicezebuvides Cattle in Tajikistan Based on Microsatellite Markers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norezzine%20Abdelaziz">Norezzine Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebouh%20Nazih%20Yacer"> Rebouh Nazih Yacer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kezimana%20Parfait"> Kezimana Parfait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parpura%20D.%20I."> Parpura D. I.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gadzhikurbanov%20A."> Gadzhikurbanov A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasios%20Dranidis"> Anastasios Dranidis </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The genetic variation of Shvicezebuvides cattle from three different farms in the Tajikistan Republic was studied using 10 microsatellite markers (SSR). The trials were laid out using a multi- locus analysis system for the analysis of cattle microsatellite locus. An estimated genetic variability of the examined livestock is given in the article. The results of our SSR analysis as well as the numbers and frequencies of common alleles in studied samples, we established a high genetic similarity of studied samples. These results can also be furthermore useful in the decision making for preservation and rational genetic resources usage of the Tajik Shvicezebuvides cattle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20characteristic" title="genetic characteristic">genetic characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequencies%20of%20the%20occurrence%20alleles" title=" frequencies of the occurrence alleles"> frequencies of the occurrence alleles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microsatellite%20markers" title=" microsatellite markers"> microsatellite markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swiss%20cattle" title=" Swiss cattle"> Swiss cattle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83760/genetic-variation-of-shvicezebuvides-cattle-in-tajikistan-based-on-microsatellite-markers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1579</span> Security System for Safe Transmission of Medical Image</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Jamal%20Al-Mansor">Mohammed Jamal Al-Mansor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kok%20Beng%20Gan"> Kok Beng Gan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper develops an optimized embedding of payload in medical image by using genetic optimization. The goal is to preserve region of interest from being distorted because of the watermark. By using this developed system there is no need of manual defining of region of interest through experts as the system will apply the genetic optimization to select the parts of image that can carry the watermark with guaranteeing less distortion. The experimental results assure that genetic based optimization is useful for performing steganography with less mean square error percentage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AES" title="AES">AES</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DWT" title=" DWT"> DWT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=watermarking" title=" watermarking"> watermarking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52270/security-system-for-safe-transmission-of-medical-image" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52270.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1578</span> Genetic Characterization of Barley Genotypes via Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Yorganc%C4%B1lar">Mustafa Yorgancılar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Atalay"> Emine Atalay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Necdet%20Akg%C3%BCn"> Necdet Akgün</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Topal"> Ali Topal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, polymerase chain reaction based Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) from DNA fingerprinting techniques were used to investigate the genetic relationships among barley crossbreed genotypes in Turkey. It is important that selection based on the genetic base in breeding programs via ISSR, in terms of breeding time. 14 ISSR primers generated a total of 97 bands, of which 81 (83.35%) were polymorphic. The highest total resolution power (RP) value was obtained from the F2 (0.53) and M16 (0.51) primers. According to the ISSR result, the genetic similarity index changed between 0.64–095; Lane 3 with Line 6 genotypes were the closest, while Line 36 were the most distant ones. The ISSR markers were found to be promising for assessing genetic diversity in barley crossbreed genotypes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barley" title="barley">barley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crossbreed" title=" crossbreed"> crossbreed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20similarity" title=" genetic similarity"> genetic similarity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISSR" title=" ISSR"> ISSR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63629/genetic-characterization-of-barley-genotypes-via-inter-simple-sequence-repeat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1577</span> The Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farman%20Ali">Farman Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Mahmood"> Asif Mahmood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The utilization of genetic markers in prostate cancer management represents a significant advance in personalized medicine, offering the potential for more precise diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies. This paper explores the pivotal role of genetic markers in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, emphasizing their contribution to the identification of individual risk profiles, tumor aggressiveness, and response to therapy. By integrating current research findings, we discuss the application of genetic markers in developing targeted therapies and the implications for patient outcomes. Despite the promising advancements, challenges such as accessibility, cost, and the need for further validation in diverse populations remain. The paper concludes with an outlook on future directions, underscoring the importance of genetic markers in revolutionizing prostate cancer care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20cancer" title="prostate cancer">prostate cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20markers" title=" genetic markers"> genetic markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personalized%20medicine" title=" personalized medicine"> personalized medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRCA1%20and%20BRCA2" title=" BRCA1 and BRCA2"> BRCA1 and BRCA2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184866/the-role-of-genetic-markers-in-prostate-cancer-diagnosis-and-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1576</span> Cross-border Data Transfers to and from South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amy%20Gooden">Amy Gooden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meshandren%20Naidoo"> Meshandren Naidoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Genetic research and transfers of big data are not confined to a particular jurisdiction, but there is a lack of clarity regarding the legal requirements for importing and exporting such data. Using direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT) as an example, this research assesses the status of data sharing into and out of South Africa (SA). While SA laws cover the sending of genetic data out of SA, prohibiting such transfer unless a legal ground exists, the position where genetic data comes into the country depends on the laws of the country from where it is sent – making the legal position less clear. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-border" title="cross-border">cross-border</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data" title=" data"> data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title=" genetic testing"> genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=law" title=" law"> law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation" title=" regulation"> regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research" title=" research"> research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sharing" title=" sharing"> sharing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa" title=" South Africa"> South Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153435/cross-border-data-transfers-to-and-from-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153435.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1575</span> Factors Determining Intention to Pursue Genetic Testing for People in Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju-Chun%20Chien">Ju-Chun Chien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion proposed that the role of health services should shift the focus from cure to prevention. Nowadays, besides having physical examinations, people could also conduct genetic tests to provide important information for diagnosing, treating, and/or preventing illnesses. However, because of the incompletion of the Chinese Genetic Database, people in Taiwan were still unfamiliar with genetic testing. The purposes of the present study were to: (1) Figure out people’s attitudes towards genetic testing. (2) Examine factors that influence people’s intention to pursue genetic testing by means of the Health Belief Model (HBM). A pilot study was conducted on 249 Taiwanese in 2017 to test the feasibility of the self-developed instrument. The reliability and construct validity of scores on the self-developed questionnaire revealed that this HBM-based questionnaire with 40 items was a well-developed instrument. A total of 542 participants were recruited and the valid participants were 535 (99%) between the ages of 20 and 86. Descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, two-way contingency table analysis, Pearson’s correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used in this study. The main results were that only 32 participants (6%) had already undergone genetic testing; moreover, their attitude towards genetic testing was more positive than those who did not have the experience. Compared with people who never underwent genetic tests, those who had gone for genetic testing had higher self-efficacy, greater intention to pursue genetic testing, had academic majors in health-related fields, had chronic and genetic diseases, possessed Catastrophic Illness Cards, and all of them had heard about genetic testing. The variables that best predicted people’s intention to pursue genetic testing were cues to action, self-efficacy, and perceived benefits (the three variables all correlated with one another positively at high magnitudes). To sum up, the HBM could be effective in designing and identifying the needs and priorities of the target population to pursue genetic testing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20testing" title="genetic testing">genetic testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20of%20GT" title=" knowledge of GT"> knowledge of GT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=people%20in%20Taiwan" title=" people in Taiwan"> people in Taiwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20health%20belief%20model" title=" the health belief model"> the health belief model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91788/factors-determining-intention-to-pursue-genetic-testing-for-people-in-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91788.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1574</span> An Improved Many Worlds Quantum Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Dan">Li Dan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhao%20Junsuo"> Zhao Junsuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Wenjun"> Zhang Wenjun </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aiming at the shortcomings of the Quantum Genetic Algorithm such as the multimodal function optimization problems easily falling into the local optimum, and vulnerable to premature convergence due to no closely relationship between individuals, the paper presents an Improved Many Worlds Quantum Genetic Algorithm (IMWQGA). The paper using the concept of Many Worlds; using the derivative way of parallel worlds’ parallel evolution; putting forward the thought which updating the population according to the main body; adopting the transition methods such as parallel transition, backtracking, travel forth. In addition, the algorithm in the paper also proposes the quantum training operator and the combinatorial optimization operator as new operators of quantum genetic algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20genetic%20algorithm" title="quantum genetic algorithm">quantum genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=many%20worlds" title=" many worlds"> many worlds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20training%20operator" title=" quantum training operator"> quantum training operator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combinatorial%20optimization%20operator" title=" combinatorial optimization operator"> combinatorial optimization operator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16842/an-improved-many-worlds-quantum-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">745</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1573</span> Genetic Diversity Based Population Study of Freshwater Mud Eel (Monopterus cuchia) in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20Miah">M. F. Miah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20A.%20Zinnah"> K. M. A. Zinnah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Raihan"> M. J. Raihan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ali"> H. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Naser"> M. N. Naser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As genetic diversity is most important for existing, breeding and production of any fish; this study was undertaken for investigating genetic diversity of freshwater mud eel, <em>Monopterus cuchia</em> at population level where three ecological populations such as flooded area of Sylhet (P1), open water of Moulvibazar (P2) and open water of Sunamganj (P3) districts of Bangladesh were considered. Four arbitrary RAPD primers (OPB-12, C0-4, B-03 and OPB-08) were screened and RAPD banding patterns were analyzed among the populations considering 15 individuals of each population. In total 174, 138 and 149 bands were detected in the populations of P1, P2 and P3 respectively; however, each primer revealed less number of bands in each population. 100% polymorphic loci were recorded in P2 and P3 whereas only one monomorphic locus was observed in P1, recorded 97.5% polymorphism. Different genetic parameters such as inter-individual pairwise similarity, genetic distance, Nei genetic similarity, linkage distances, cluster analysis and allelic information, etc. were considered for measuring genetic diversity. The average inter-individual pairwise similarity was recorded 2.98, 1.47 and 1.35 in P1, P2 and P3 respectively. Considering genetic distance analysis, the highest distance 1 was recorded in P2 and P3 and the lowest genetic distance 0.444 was found in P2. The average Nei genetic similarity was observed 0.19, 0.16 and 0.13 in P1, P2 and P3, respectively; however, the average linkage distance was recorded 24.92, 17.14 and 15.28 in P1, P3 and P2 respectively. Based on linkage distance, genetic clusters were generated in three populations where 6 clades and 7 clusters were found in P1, 3 clades and 5 clusters were observed in P2 and 4 clades and 7 clusters were detected in P3. In addition, allelic information was observed where the frequency of p and q alleles were observed 0.093 and 0.907 in P1, 0.076 and 0.924 in P2, 0.074 and 0.926 in P3 respectively. The average gene diversity was observed highest in P2 (0.132) followed by P3 (0.131) and P1 (0.121) respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title="genetic diversity">genetic diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monopterus%20cuchia" title=" Monopterus cuchia"> Monopterus cuchia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population" title=" population"> population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAPD" title=" RAPD"> RAPD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangladesh" title=" Bangladesh"> Bangladesh</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45221/genetic-diversity-based-population-study-of-freshwater-mud-eel-monopterus-cuchia-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45221.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1572</span> Landscape Genetic and Species Distribution Modeling of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Sheidaei">Masoud Sheidaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Koohdar"> Fahimeh Koohdar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Date palms are economically important tree plants with high nutrition and medicinal values. More than 400 date palm cultivars are cultivated in many regions of Iran, but no report is available on landscape genetics and species distribution modeling of these trees from the country. Therefore, the present study provides a detailed insight into the genetic diversity and structure of date palm populations in Iran and investigates the effects of geographical and climatic variables on the structuring of genetic diversity in them. We used different computational methods in the study like, spatial principal components analysis (sPCA), redundancy analysis (RDA), latent factor mixed model (LFMM), and Maxent and Dismo models of species distribution modeling. We used a combination of different molecular markers for this study. The results showed that both global and local spatial features play an important role in the genetic structuring of date palms, and the genetic regions associated with local adaptation and climatic variables were identified. The effects of climatic change on the distribution of these taxa and the genetic regions adaptive to these changes will be discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20genetic%20regions" title="adaptive genetic regions">adaptive genetic regions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title=" genetic diversity"> genetic diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isolation%20by%20distance" title=" isolation by distance"> isolation by distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=populations%20divergence" title=" populations divergence"> populations divergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166909/landscape-genetic-and-species-distribution-modeling-of-date-palm-phoenix-dactylifera-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1571</span> Genetic Algorithm for Bi-Objective Hub Covering Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Mirakhorli">Abbas Mirakhorli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A hub covering problem is a type of hub location problem that tries to maximize the coverage area with the least amount of installed hubs. There have not been many studies in the literature about multi-objective hubs covering location problems. Thus, in this paper, a bi-objective model for the hub covering problem is presented. The two objectives that are considered in this paper are the minimization of total transportation costs and the maximization of coverage of origin-destination nodes. A genetic algorithm is presented to solve the model when the number of nodes is increased. The genetic algorithm is capable of solving the model when the number of nodes increases by more than 20. Moreover, the genetic algorithm solves the model in less amount of time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facility%20location" title="facility location">facility location</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hub%20covering" title=" hub covering"> hub covering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-objective%20optimization" title=" multi-objective optimization"> multi-objective optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181401/genetic-algorithm-for-bi-objective-hub-covering-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1570</span> Evaluation of Genetic Diversity Through RAPD Markers Among Melia azedarach L (Chinabery)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadir%20Ali%20Rind">Nadir Ali Rind</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20Aksoy"> Özlem Aksoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Umar%20Dahot"> Muhammad Umar Dahot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salih%20Dikilita%C5%9F"> Salih Dikilitaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Rafiq"> Muhammad Rafiq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bur%C3%A7ak%20T%C3%BCt%C3%BCno%C4%9Flu"> Burçak Tütünoğlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Melia azedarach L. is freshly fruited small to medium sized tree native to China and North western India. It is growing in Pakistan and Turkey in various areas facing great environmental changes to maintain its survival. The species is valued for its high quality wood, medicinal, ornamental and shade purposes. The present work was aimed to estimate the genetic variation among the populations of Melia azedarach L. leaf samples that were collected from five different locations of Turkey and three different areas of Pakistan. These populations were chosen on the random bases by applying RAPD primers in order to construct a dendogram using UPGMA method to show genetic diversity. After that appropriate conservation strategies were suggested. 14 primers producing polymorphic and monomorphic bands were analyzed. Genetic distances were calculated for all the species studied by RAPD-PCR methods. According to the results the lowest genetic identity values and the highest genetic polymorphic values were determined. It is observed that there was a clear split among populations from different areas in Turkey and Pakistan. These differences may be due to eco-geographical association with genetic variation and should be conserved to retain the genetic variation of the species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melia%20azedarach%20L." title="melia azedarach L.">melia azedarach L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title=" genetic diversity"> genetic diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAPD-PCR" title=" RAPD-PCR"> RAPD-PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plant" title=" medicinal plant"> medicinal plant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37059/evaluation-of-genetic-diversity-through-rapd-markers-among-melia-azedarach-l-chinabery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1569</span> Task Scheduling on Parallel System Using Genetic Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasbir%20Singh%20Gill">Jasbir Singh Gill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baljit%20Singh"> Baljit Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scheduling and mapping the application task graph on multiprocessor parallel systems is considered as the most crucial and critical NP-complete problem. Many genetic algorithms have been proposed to solve such problems. In this paper, two genetic approach based algorithms have been designed and developed with or without task duplication. The proposed algorithms work on two fitness functions. The first fitness i.e. task fitness is used to minimize the total finish time of the schedule (schedule length) while the second fitness function i.e. process fitness is concerned with allocating the tasks to the available highly efficient processor from the list of available processors (load balance). Proposed genetic-based algorithms have been experimentally implemented and evaluated with other state-of-art popular and widely used algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20computing" title="parallel computing">parallel computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task%20scheduling" title=" task scheduling"> task scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task%20duplication" title=" task duplication"> task duplication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75569/task-scheduling-on-parallel-system-using-genetic-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75569.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1568</span> Robotic Arm Control with Neural Networks Using Genetic Algorithm Optimization Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arbnor%20Pajaziti">Arbnor Pajaziti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Cana"> Hasan Cana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the structural genetic algorithm is used to optimize the neural network to control the joint movements of robotic arm. The robotic arm has also been modeled in 3D and simulated in real-time in MATLAB. It is found that Neural Networks provide a simple and effective way to control the robot tasks. Computer simulation examples are given to illustrate the significance of this method. By combining Genetic Algorithm optimization method and Neural Networks for the given robotic arm with 5 D.O.F. the obtained the results shown that the base joint movements overshooting time without controller was about 0.5 seconds, while with Neural Network controller (optimized with Genetic Algorithm) was about 0.2 seconds, and the population size of 150 gave best results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic%20arm" title="robotic arm">robotic arm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7408/robotic-arm-control-with-neural-networks-using-genetic-algorithm-optimization-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7408.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1567</span> Understanding the Genetic Basis of SUDEP</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumar%20Ashwini">Kumar Ashwini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nayak%20C.%20Vinod"> Nayak C. Vinod</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a rarity. Each year, about one in 150 epileptics, whose seizures are not controlled, may die of SUDEP. It is a leading cause of death in young adults with uncontrolled seizures. Understanding the genetic basis for SUDEP, is crucial given that the rate of sudden death in epilepsy patients is 20 fold that of the general population. We encountered one such case of a young male, a known epileptic, who was brought dead after a sudden collapse. We hereby present a poster discussing the autopsy findings of this case and also highlighting the importance of understanding the genetic basis of SUDEP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sudden%20death" title="sudden death">sudden death</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epilepsy" title=" epilepsy"> epilepsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic" title=" genetic"> genetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autopsy" title=" autopsy"> autopsy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42066/understanding-the-genetic-basis-of-sudep" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1566</span> Genetic Diversity of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Genotypes as Revealed by Microsatellite Markers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maletsema%20Alina%20Mofokeng">Maletsema Alina Mofokeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Shimelis"> Hussein Shimelis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Laing"> Mark Laing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pangirayi%20Tongoona"> Pangirayi Tongoona</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sorghum is one of the most important cereal crops grown for food, feed and bioenergy. Knowledge of genetic diversity is important for conservation of genetic resources and improvement of crop plants through breeding. The objective of this study was to assess the level of genetic diversity among sorghum genotypes using microsatellite markers. A total of 103 accessions of sorghum genotypes obtained from the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the African Centre for Crop Improvement and Agricultural Research Council-Grain Crops Institute collections in South Africa were estimated using 30 microsatellite markers. For all the loci analysed, 306 polymorphic alleles were detected with a mean value of 6.4 per locus. The polymorphic information content had an average value of 0.50 with heterozygosity mean value of 0.55 suggesting an important genetic diversity within the sorghum genotypes used. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering based on Euclidian coefficients revealed two major distinct groups without allocating genotypes based on the source of collection or origin. The genotypes 4154.1.1.1, 2055.1.1.1, 4441.1.1.1, 4442.1.1.1, 4722.1.1.1, and 4606.1.1.1 were the most diverse. The sorghum genotypes with high genetic diversity could serve as important sources of novel alleles for breeding and strategic genetic conservation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genetic%20Diversity" title="Genetic Diversity">Genetic Diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genotypes" title=" Genotypes"> Genotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Microsatellites" title=" Microsatellites"> Microsatellites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sorghum" title=" Sorghum"> Sorghum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52154/genetic-diversity-of-sorghum-bicolor-l-moench-genotypes-as-revealed-by-microsatellite-markers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52154.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1565</span> Genetic Algorithm to Construct and Enumerate 4×4 Pan-Magic Squares</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Younis%20R.%20Elhaddad">Younis R. Elhaddad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Alshaari"> Mohamed A. Alshaari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since 2700 B.C the problem of constructing magic squares attracts many researchers. Magic squares one of most difficult challenges for mathematicians. In this work, we describe how to construct and enumerate Pan- magic squares using genetic algorithm, using new chromosome encoding technique. The results were promising within reasonable time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title="genetic algorithm">genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magic%20square" title=" magic square"> magic square</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pan-magic%20square" title=" pan-magic square"> pan-magic square</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20intelligence" title=" computational intelligence"> computational intelligence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2917/genetic-algorithm-to-construct-and-enumerate-44-pan-magic-squares" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">576</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1564</span> Reproductive Traits for Holstein Cattle </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashraf%20M.%20Ward">Ashraf M. Ward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruban%20S.%20Yu"> Ruban S. Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data consisting of 2757 records from tow Holstein herds made between 2000 and 2010 were used to examine environmental factors affecting age at first calving (AFC) and calving intervals (CI) and consequently estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters and trends. The overall means and standard errors for AFC and CI were 39.4 ± 7.2 months and 487.5 ± 151.6 days respectively. The respective heritability estimates were 0.091 ± 0.05 and 0.044 ± 0.032, while the repeatability estimate for CI was 0.096 ± 0.001. The genetic trends for CI and AFC were -0.6 d/yr and -0.01 mo/yr respectively and were both significant (P < 0.001), indicating a decrease in mean breeding value over the study period. Phenotypic trends were -0.31 mo/yr and -0.35 d/yr for AFC and CI respectively though non-significant (P > 0.05). The low heritability for CI and AFC indicated that temporary environmental influences were much greater than genetic influences or permanent environmental influences on these traits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holstein" title="Holstein">Holstein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproductive" title=" reproductive"> reproductive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20parameters" title=" genetic parameters"> genetic parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritability" title=" heritability "> heritability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18509/reproductive-traits-for-holstein-cattle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">721</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1563</span> Using Genetic Algorithms and Rough Set Based Fuzzy K-Modes to Improve Centroid Model Clustering Performance on Categorical Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rishabh%20Srivastav">Rishabh Srivastav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Divyam%20%20Sharma"> Divyam Sharma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We propose an algorithm to cluster categorical data named as ‘Genetic algorithm initialized rough set based fuzzy K-Modes for categorical data’. We propose an amalgamation of the simple K-modes algorithm, the Rough and Fuzzy set based K-modes and the Genetic Algorithm to form a new algorithm,which we hypothesise, will provide better Centroid Model clustering results, than existing standard algorithms. In the proposed algorithm, the initialization and updation of modes is done by the use of genetic algorithms while the membership values are calculated using the rough set and fuzzy logic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=categorical%20data" title="categorical data">categorical data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K%20modes%20clustering" title=" K modes clustering"> K modes clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rough%20sets" title=" rough sets"> rough sets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128558/using-genetic-algorithms-and-rough-set-based-fuzzy-k-modes-to-improve-centroid-model-clustering-performance-on-categorical-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128558.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1562</span> Resequencing and Genomic Study of Wild Coffea Arabica Unveils Genetic Groups at Its Origin and Their Geographic Distribution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zate%20Zewdneh%20Zana">Zate Zewdneh Zana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Coffea arabica (Arabica coffee), a cornerstone of the global beverage industry, necessitates rigorous genetic conservation due to its economic significance and genetic complexity. In this study, we performed whole-genome resequencing of wild species collected from its birthplace, Ethiopia. Advanced Illumina sequencing technology facilitated the mapping of a high percentage of clean reads to the C. arabica reference genome, revealing a substantial number of genetic variants, predominantly SNPs. Our comprehensive analysis not only uncovered a notable distribution of genomic variants across the coffee genome but also identified distinct genetic groups through phylogenetic and population structure analyses. This genomic study provides invaluable insights into the genetic diversity of C. arabica, highlighting the potential of identified SNPs and InDels in enhancing our understanding of key agronomic traits. The findings contribute significantly to genetic studies and support strategic breeding and conservation efforts essential for sustaining the global coffee industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20genetics" title="population genetics">population genetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wild%20species" title=" wild species"> wild species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20study" title=" evolutionary study"> evolutionary study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coffee%20plant" title=" coffee plant"> coffee plant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187447/resequencing-and-genomic-study-of-wild-coffea-arabica-unveils-genetic-groups-at-its-origin-and-their-geographic-distribution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187447.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">40</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1561</span> Biodiversity and Biotechnology: Some Considerations about the International Regulation of Agriculture and the International Legal System on Access to Genetic Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leandro%20Moura%20da%20Silva">Leandro Moura da Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The international community has strived to create legal mechanisms to protect their biodiversity, but this can represent, sometimes, particularly in the case of regulatory regime on access to genetic resources, an excessive nationalism which transforms itself into a significant obstacle to scientific progress causing damages to the country and to local farmers. Although it has been poorly publicized in the media, the international legal system was marked, in 2014, by the entry into force of the Nagoya Protocol, which regulates the access and benefit sharing of genetic resources of the States Party to that legal instrument. However, it’s not reasonable to think of regulating access to genetic resources without reflecting on the links of this important subject with other related issues, such as family farming and agribusiness, food safety, food security, intellectual property rights (on seeds, genetic material, new plant varieties, etc.), environmental sustainability, biodiversity, and biosafety. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20law" title="international law">international law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation%20on%20agriculture" title=" regulation on agriculture"> regulation on agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agronomy%20techniques" title=" agronomy techniques"> agronomy techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20resources%20and%20new%20crop%20varieties" title=" genetic resources and new crop varieties"> genetic resources and new crop varieties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CBD" title=" CBD"> CBD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagoya%20Protocol" title=" Nagoya Protocol"> Nagoya Protocol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ITPGRFA" title=" ITPGRFA"> ITPGRFA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34512/biodiversity-and-biotechnology-some-considerations-about-the-international-regulation-of-agriculture-and-the-international-legal-system-on-access-to-genetic-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1560</span> Modeling of Tool Flank Wear in Finish Hard Turning of AISI D2 Using Genetic Programming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Pourmostaghimi">V. Pourmostaghimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zadshakoyan"> M. Zadshakoyan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Efficiency and productivity of the finish hard turning can be enhanced impressively by utilizing accurate predictive models for cutting tool wear. However, the ability of genetic programming in presenting an accurate analytical model is a notable characteristic which makes it more applicable than other predictive modeling methods. In this paper, the genetic equation for modeling of tool flank wear is developed with the use of the experimentally measured flank wear values and genetic programming during finish turning of hardened AISI D2. Series of tests were conducted over a range of cutting parameters and the values of tool flank wear were measured. On the basis of obtained results, genetic model presenting connection between cutting parameters and tool flank wear were extracted. The accuracy of the genetically obtained model was assessed by using two statistical measures, which were root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R²). Evaluation results revealed that presented genetic model predicted flank wear over the study area accurately (R² = 0.9902 and RMSE = 0.0102). These results allow concluding that the proposed genetic equation corresponds well with experimental data and can be implemented in real industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20parameters" title="cutting parameters">cutting parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flank%20wear" title=" flank wear"> flank wear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20programming" title=" genetic programming"> genetic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20turning" title=" hard turning"> hard turning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96967/modeling-of-tool-flank-wear-in-finish-hard-turning-of-aisi-d2-using-genetic-programming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1559</span> Genetic Variation of Autosomal STR Loci from Unrelated Individual in Iraq </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Imad">H. Imad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20Cheah"> Q. Cheah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Mohammad"> J. Mohammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Aamera"> O. Aamera </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is twofold. One is to determine the genetic structure of Iraq population and the second objective of the study was to evaluate the importance of these loci for forensic genetic purposes. FTA® Technology (FTA™ paper DNA extraction) utilized to extract DNA. Twenty STR loci and Amelogenin including D3S1358, D13S317, PentaE, D16S539, D18S51, D2S1338, CSF1PO, Penta D, THO1, vWA, D21S11, D7S820, TPOX, D8S1179, FGA, D2S1338, D5S818, D6S1043, D12S391, D19S433, and Amelogenin amplified by using power plex21® kit. PCR products detected by genetic analyzer 3730xL then data analyzed by PowerStatsV1.2. Based on the allelic frequencies, several statistical parameters of genetic and forensic efficiency have been estimated. This includes the homozygosity and heterozygosity, effective number of alleles (n), the polymorphism information content (PIC), the power of discrimination (DP), and the power of exclusion (PE). The power of discrimination values for all tested loci was from 75% to 96% therefore, those loci can be safely used to establish a DNA-based database for Iraq population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autosomal%20STR" title="autosomal STR">autosomal STR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20variation" title=" genetic variation"> genetic variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Middle%20and%20South%20of%20Iraq" title=" Middle and South of Iraq"> Middle and South of Iraq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20parameters" title=" statistical parameters"> statistical parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1682/genetic-variation-of-autosomal-str-loci-from-unrelated-individual-in-iraq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1682.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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