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Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84_%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AB%D9%81" title="تفاعل تكاثف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تفاعل تكاثف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosferd%C9%99_kondensasiya_n%C3%BCv%C9%99si" title="Atmosferdə kondensasiya nüvəsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Atmosferdə kondensasiya nüvəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%98%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="ঘনীভবন বিক্রিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঘনীভবন বিক্রিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Кондензация (химия) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кондензация (химия)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reacci%C3%B3_de_condensaci%C3%B3" title="Reacció de condensació – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reacció de condensació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondenzace_(chemie)" title="Kondenzace (chemie) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kondenzace (chemie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensationsreaktion" title="Kondensationsreaktion – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kondensationsreaktion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensationsreaktion" title="Kondensationsreaktion – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kondensationsreaktion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensatsioonireaktsioon" title="Kondensatsioonireaktsioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kondensatsioonireaktsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Αντίδραση συμπύκνωσης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντίδραση συμπύκνωσης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reacci%C3%B3n_de_condensaci%C3%B3n" title="Reacción de condensación – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reacción de condensación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondentsazio-erreakzio" title="Kondentsazio-erreakzio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kondentsazio-erreakzio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B4_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C" title="واکنش تراکمی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="واکنش تراکمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9action_de_condensation" title="Réaction de condensation – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Réaction de condensation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imoibri%C3%BA_comhdhl%C3%BAth%C3%BAch%C3%A1in_(ceimic)" title="Imoibriú comhdhlúthúcháin (ceimic) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Imoibriú comhdhlúthúcháin (ceimic)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%95%ED%95%A9_%EB%B0%98%EC%9D%91" title="축합 반응 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="축합 반응" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BC%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կոնդենսացման ռեակցիաներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոնդենսացման ռեակցիաներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaksi_kondensasi" title="Reaksi kondensasi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Reaksi kondensasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reazione_di_condensazione" title="Reazione di condensazione – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reazione di condensazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%92%D7%95%D7%91%D7%AA_%D7%93%D7%97%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%94" title="תגובת דחיסה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תגובת דחיסה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondenz%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_reakci%C3%B3" title="Kondenzációs reakció – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kondenzációs reakció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Кондензација (хемија) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кондензација (хемија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="കണ്ടൻസേഷൻ റിയാക്ഷൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കണ്ടൻസേഷൻ റിയാക്ഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensatiereactie" title="Condensatiereactie – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Condensatiereactie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%98%E5%8A%A0%E8%84%B1%E9%9B%A2%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="付加脱離反応 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="付加脱離反応" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensasjonsreaksjon" title="Kondensasjonsreaksjon – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kondensasjonsreaksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensasjonsreaksjon" title="Kondensasjonsreaksjon – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kondensasjonsreaksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensacja_(chemia)" title="Kondensacja (chemia) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kondensacja (chemia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condensa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Condensação (química) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Condensação (química)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reac%C8%9Bie_de_condensare" title="Reacție de condensare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reacție de condensare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Конденсация (химия) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конденсация (химия)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondenza%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_reakcia" title="Kondenzačná reakcia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kondenzačná reakcia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%AE%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95" title="کاردانەوەی خەستبوونەوە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کاردانەوەی خەستبوونەوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reakcija_kondenzacije" title="Reakcija kondenzacije – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Reakcija kondenzacije" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9aksi_kondensasi" title="Réaksi kondensasi – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Réaksi kondensasi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensaatioreaktio" title="Kondensaatioreaktio – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kondensaatioreaktio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kondensationsreaktion" title="Kondensationsreaktion – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kondensationsreaktion" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="ปฏิกิริยาการควบแน่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปฏิกิริยาการควบแน่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Реакція конденсації – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Реакція конденсації" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A3n_%E1%BB%A9ng_tr%C3%B9ng_ng%C6%B0ng" title="Phản ứng trùng ngưng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phản ứng trùng ngưng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B8%AE%E5%90%88%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" title="縮合反應 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="縮合反應" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q910058#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chemical reaction in which two molecules are combined and a small molecule, usually water, is lost</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Organic_chemistry" title="Organic chemistry">organic chemistry</a>, a <b>condensation reaction</b> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Chemical_reaction" title="Chemical reaction">chemical reaction</a> in which two <a href="/wiki/Molecule" title="Molecule">molecules</a> are <a href="/wiki/Combination_reaction" class="mw-redirect" title="Combination reaction">combined</a> to form a single molecule, usually with the loss of a small molecule such as <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If water is lost, the reaction is also known as a <a href="/wiki/Dehydration_reaction" title="Dehydration reaction">dehydration synthesis</a>. However other molecules can also be lost, such as <a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">ammonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acetic_acid" title="Acetic acid">acetic acid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_sulfide" title="Hydrogen sulfide">hydrogen sulfide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The addition of the two molecules typically proceeds in a step-wise fashion to the addition product, usually in <a href="/wiki/Chemical_equilibrium" title="Chemical equilibrium">equilibrium</a>, and with loss of a water molecule (hence the name <a href="/wiki/Condensation" title="Condensation">condensation</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reaction may otherwise involve the <a href="/wiki/Functional_group" title="Functional group">functional groups</a> of the molecule, and is a versatile class of reactions that can occur in <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acidic</a> or <a href="/wiki/Base_(chemistry)" title="Base (chemistry)">basic</a> conditions or in the presence of a <a href="/wiki/Catalyst" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalyst">catalyst</a>. This class of reactions is a vital part of life as it is essential to the formation of <a href="/wiki/Peptide_bond" title="Peptide bond">peptide bonds</a> between <a href="/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acids</a> and to the <a href="/wiki/Biosynthesis_of_fatty_acids" class="mw-redirect" title="Biosynthesis of fatty acids">biosynthesis of fatty acids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AminoacidCondensation.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/AminoacidCondensation.svg/520px-AminoacidCondensation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="520" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/AminoacidCondensation.svg/780px-AminoacidCondensation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/AminoacidCondensation.svg/1040px-AminoacidCondensation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="134" /></a><figcaption>Idealized scheme showing condensation of two amino acids to give a <a href="/wiki/Peptide_bond" title="Peptide bond">peptide bond</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Many variations of condensation reactions exist. Common examples include the <a href="/wiki/Aldol_condensation" title="Aldol condensation">aldol condensation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Knoevenagel_condensation" title="Knoevenagel condensation">Knoevenagel condensation</a>, which both form water as a by-product, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Claisen_condensation" title="Claisen condensation">Claisen condensation</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dieckman_condensation" class="mw-redirect" title="Dieckman condensation">Dieckman condensation</a> (intramolecular Claisen condensation), which form alcohols as by-products.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Condensationaldolique.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aldol condensation overview" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Condensationaldolique.png/588px-Condensationaldolique.png" decoding="async" width="588" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Condensationaldolique.png/882px-Condensationaldolique.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Condensationaldolique.png/1176px-Condensationaldolique.png 2x" data-file-width="1777" data-file-height="279" /></a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synthesis_of_prebiotic_molecules">Synthesis of prebiotic molecules</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Condensation_reaction&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Synthesis of prebiotic molecules"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Abiogenesis" title="Abiogenesis">Abiogenesis</a></div> <p>Condensation reactions likely played major roles in the synthesis of the first biotic molecules including early <a href="/wiki/Peptide" title="Peptide">peptides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nucleic_acid" title="Nucleic acid">nucleic acids</a>. In fact, condensation reactions would be required at multiple steps in <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> oligomerization: the condensation of <a href="/wiki/Nucleobase" class="mw-redirect" title="Nucleobase">nucleobases</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nucleoside" title="Nucleoside">nucleoside</a> <a href="/wiki/Phosphorylation" title="Phosphorylation">phosphorylation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nucleotide" title="Nucleotide">nucleotide</a> polymerization.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Condensation_reaction&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anabolism" title="Anabolism">Anabolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrolysis" title="Hydrolysis">Hydrolysis</a>, the opposite of a condensation reaction</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condensed_tannin" title="Condensed tannin">Condensed tannins</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Condensation_reaction&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output 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.id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1">"25.18 Condensation Reactions". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Chemistry/Book%3A_Introductory_Chemistry_(CK-12)/25%3A_Organic_Chemistry/25.18%3A_Condensation_Reactions"><i>Book: Introductory Chemistry (CK-12)</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=25.18+Condensation+Reactions&rft.btitle=Book%3A+Introductory+Chemistry+%28CK-12%29&rft.pub=Chemistry+Libre+Texts&rft.date=2020-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchem.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FIntroductory_Chemistry%2FBook%253A_Introductory_Chemistry_%28CK-12%29%2F25%253A_Organic_Chemistry%2F25.18%253A_Condensation_Reactions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACondensation+reaction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goldbook.iupac.org/html/C/C01238.html">"Condensation Reaction"</a>. <i>IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (Gold Book)</i>. IUPAC. 2014. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1351%2Fgoldbook.C01238">10.1351/goldbook.C01238</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUPAC+Compendium+of+Chemical+Terminology+%28Gold+Book%29&rft.atitle=Condensation+Reaction&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1351%2Fgoldbook.C01238&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgoldbook.iupac.org%2Fhtml%2FC%2FC01238.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACondensation+reaction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFakirov2019" class="citation journal cs1">Fakirov, S. (2019-02-01). "Condensation Polymers: Their Chemical Peculiarities Offer Great Opportunities". <i>Progress in Polymer Science</i>. <b>89</b>: 1–18. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.progpolymsci.2018.09.003">10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.09.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0079-6700">0079-6700</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:105101288">105101288</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progress+in+Polymer+Science&rft.atitle=Condensation+Polymers%3A+Their+Chemical+Peculiarities+Offer+Great+Opportunities&rft.volume=89&rft.pages=1-18&rft.date=2019-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A105101288%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0079-6700&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.progpolymsci.2018.09.003&rft.aulast=Fakirov&rft.aufirst=S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACondensation+reaction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoetVoetPratt2008" class="citation book cs1">Voet, Donald; Voet, Judith; Pratt, Chriss (2008). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsbioc00voet"><i>Fundamentals of Biochemistry</i></a></span>. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fundamentalsbioc00voet/page/n118">88</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470-12930-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470-12930-2"><bdi>978-0470-12930-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Biochemistry&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+NJ&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0470-12930-2&rft.aulast=Voet&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.au=Voet%2C+Judith&rft.au=Pratt%2C+Chriss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffundamentalsbioc00voet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACondensation+reaction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruckner2002" class="citation book cs1">Bruckner, Reinhard (2002). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedorganicc00bruc"><i>Advanced Organic Chemistry</i></a></span> (First ed.). San Diego, California: Harcourt Academic Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedorganicc00bruc/page/n419">414</a>–427. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-12-138110-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-12-138110-2"><bdi>0-12-138110-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advanced+Organic+Chemistry&rft.place=San+Diego%2C+California&rft.pages=414-427&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Harcourt+Academic+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-12-138110-2&rft.aulast=Bruckner&rft.aufirst=Reinhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fadvancedorganicc00bruc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACondensation+reaction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiore2022" class="citation book cs1">Fiore, Michele (2022). <i>Prebiotic Chemistry and Life's Origin</i>. 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