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mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-帝王生涯" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#帝王生涯"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>帝王生涯</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-帝王生涯-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关帝王生涯子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-帝王生涯-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-即位" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#即位"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>即位</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-即位-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-實施政策" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#實施政策"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>實施政策</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-實施政策-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-政治方面" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政治方面"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>政治方面</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-政治方面-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-科技方面" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#科技方面"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>科技方面</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-科技方面-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-晚年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晚年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>晚年</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晚年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-發生洪水" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#發生洪水"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>發生洪水</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-發生洪水-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-禪讓" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#禪讓"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>禪讓</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-禪讓-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-史记记载" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#史记记载"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2.1</span> <span>史记记载</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-史记记载-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-竹书纪年与法家记载" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#竹书纪年与法家记载"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2.2</span> <span>竹书纪年与法家记载</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-竹书纪年与法家记载-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-駕崩" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#駕崩"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>駕崩</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-駕崩-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-家庭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家庭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>家庭</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-家庭-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关家庭子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-家庭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-后妃" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#后妃"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>后妃</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-后妃-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-子女" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#子女"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>子女</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-子女-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他與堯有關的事" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他與堯有關的事"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>其他與堯有關的事</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他與堯有關的事-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-考古研究" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#考古研究"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>考古研究</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-考古研究-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-評價" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#評價"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>評價</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-評價-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>注釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>相關</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">尧</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。42种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%AB%E1%8B%8D" title="ያው – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ያው" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="یائو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یائو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93" title="সম্রাট ইয়াও – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সম্রাট ইয়াও" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperador_Yao" title="Emperador Yao – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Emperador Yao" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jao_(vl%C3%A1dce)" title="Jao (vládce) – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jao (vládce)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao_(Kaiser)" title="Yao (Kaiser) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yao (Kaiser)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BF" title="Αυτοκράτορας Γιάο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αυτοκράτορας Γιάο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Yao" title="Emperor Yao – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Emperor Yao" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao" title="Yao – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Yao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperador_Yao" title="Emperador Yao – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Emperador Yao" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88" title="یائو – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یائو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao_(empereur)" title="Yao (empereur) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yao (empereur)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti-y%C3%A8u" title="Ti-yèu – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ti-yèu" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A8_%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95" title="הקיסר יאו – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הקיסר יאו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_Yao" title="Car Yao – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Car Yao" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jao_cs%C3%A1sz%C3%A1r" title="Jao császár – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jao császár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaisar_Yao" title="Kaisar Yao – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kaisar Yao" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao_(imperatore)" title="Yao (imperatore) – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Yao (imperatore)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A0%AF" title="堯 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="堯" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9D_(%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98)" title="იაო (იმპერატორი) – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იაო (იმპერატორი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%9A%94" title="제요 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제요" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaus" title="Yaus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Yaus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jao" title="Jao – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jao" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BE_(%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Јао (цар) – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јао (цар)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharaja_Yao" title="Maharaja Yao – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Maharaja Yao" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keizer_Yao" title="Keizer Yao – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Keizer Yao" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keiser_Yao" title="Keiser Yao – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Keiser Yao" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao_(w%C5%82adca)" title="Yao (władca) – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Yao (władca)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao_(imperador)" title="Yao (imperador) – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Yao (imperador)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Emp%C4%83ratul_Yao" title="Împăratul Yao – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Împăratul Yao" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BE_(%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80)" title="Яо (император) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Яо (император)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_Yao" title="Car Yao – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Car Yao" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesar_Jao" title="Cesar Jao – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Cesar Jao" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao_(kejsare)" title="Yao (kejsare) – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yao (kejsare)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="พระเจ้าเหยา – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าเหยา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yao_(imparator)" title="Yao (imparator) – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yao (imparator)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BE_(%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80)" title="Яо (імператор) – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Яо (імператор)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nghi%C3%AAu" title="Nghiêu – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nghiêu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%A7" title="尧 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尧" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%A0%AF" title="帝堯 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="帝堯" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A8-gi%C3%A2u" title="Tè-giâu – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tè-giâu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A0%AF" title="堯 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="堯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q819556#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>唐尧</b>」重定向至此。关于<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E5%88%B6%E8%AF%8D%E5%A4%B4" title="国际单位制词头">国际单位制词头</a>，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A7%E5%AE%83" class="mw-redirect" title="尧它">尧它</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn">堯</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:EmperorYao.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/EmperorYao.jpg/220px-EmperorYao.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/EmperorYao.jpg/330px-EmperorYao.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/EmperorYao.jpg/440px-EmperorYao.jpg 2x" data-file-width="572" data-file-height="775" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E7%A5%A5%E6%AD%A6%E6%B0%8F%E5%A2%93%E7%BE%A4%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="嘉祥武氏墓群石刻">嘉祥武氏墓群石刻</a>上的堯像</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">本名</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="">姓：祁<br />名：放勳</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="birthplace">三阿之南丹陵</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;;">父母</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">父：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%B3" title="嚳">帝嚳</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80905552">.mw-parser-output ruby.zy{text-align:justify;text-justify:none}.mw-parser-output ruby.zy>rp{user-select:none}.mw-parser-output ruby.zy>rt{font-feature-settings:"ruby"1;font-size:90%;user-select:none}.mw-parser-output ruby.zy>rt+rt{padding-left:0.15em}</style><ruby class="zy center"><rb>堯</rb><rp>（</rp><rt lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">yáo</rt><rp>）</rp></ruby></b>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%81%E5%A7%93" title="祁姓">祁姓</a>，名<b>放勳</b>，中國神話中<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D#五帝" title="三皇五帝">五帝</a>之一，传说出生于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%98%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="三阿">三阿</a>之南<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教">道教</a>中為<b>天官大帝</b>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%98%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="三官大帝">三官大帝</a>之一，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E8%AA%95" title="神誕">誕日</a>為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%85%83%E7%AF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="上元節">上元節</a>。 </p><p>按《吕氏春秋》<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，陶唐氏部落以<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9E%E8%B9%88" title="舞蹈">舞蹈</a>闻名于世，后来帝尧登基后又改变前人的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="音乐">音乐</a>以配合<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9E%E8%B9%88" title="舞蹈">舞蹈</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="帝王生涯"><span id=".E5.B8.9D.E7.8E.8B.E7.94.9F.E6.B6.AF"></span>帝王生涯</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：帝王生涯"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="即位"><span id=".E5.8D.B3.E4.BD.8D"></span>即位</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：即位"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B7001#五帝本紀" class="extiw" title="s:史記/卷001">史記·五帝本紀</a>》記載：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%B3" title="嚳">帝嚳</a>有兩個兒子──摯和放勳（即堯）；帝嚳死後，以其年齡最大的兒子摯繼承帝位，為<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%9A_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E7%8E%8B)" title="挚 (中国君王)">帝摯</a>。堯好學而能幹，十三歲時就受命輔佐帝摯。帝摯才幹平庸，未能妥善管理國家。而堯仁慈愛民，明於察人，治理有方，盛德聞名天下。於是各<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="部族">部族</a>首領紛紛背離帝摯，而歸附於堯。帝摯也自覺不如堯之聖明，終於在繼位九年以後，將帝位<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E8%AE%A9%E5%88%B6" title="禅让制">禪讓</a>於堯。 </p><p>堯踐帝位時僅二十三歲，以<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E9%98%B3%E9%83%A1" title="平阳郡">平陽</a>（今山西臨汾市境）為<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">都城</a>，以火德為帝，人稱赤帝。他性格仁慈，十分聰明，年輕有為，當上天下共主，也不因而驕橫傲慢。他勤於政事，未敢休息。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AE%E5%84%80" title="禮儀">禮儀</a>簡單，生活儉樸，絕不浪費百姓的一分一毫。例如他只吃用<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E5%99%A8" title="陶器">陶</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%8B" title="簋">簋</a>盛的粗飯淡湯，只求能飽。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="實施政策"><span id=".E5.AF.A6.E6.96.BD.E6.94.BF.E7.AD.96"></span>實施政策</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：實施政策"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="政治方面"><span id=".E6.94.BF.E6.B2.BB.E6.96.B9.E9.9D.A2"></span>政治方面</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：政治方面"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Confucian_Figures_-_Painting_of_Emperor_Yao_by_Kan%C5%8D_Sansetsu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Great_Confucian_Figures_-_Painting_of_Emperor_Yao_by_Kan%C5%8D_Sansetsu.jpg/200px-Great_Confucian_Figures_-_Painting_of_Emperor_Yao_by_Kan%C5%8D_Sansetsu.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Great_Confucian_Figures_-_Painting_of_Emperor_Yao_by_Kan%C5%8D_Sansetsu.jpg/300px-Great_Confucian_Figures_-_Painting_of_Emperor_Yao_by_Kan%C5%8D_Sansetsu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Great_Confucian_Figures_-_Painting_of_Emperor_Yao_by_Kan%C5%8D_Sansetsu.jpg/400px-Great_Confucian_Figures_-_Painting_of_Emperor_Yao_by_Kan%C5%8D_Sansetsu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="1896" /></a><figcaption>堯，<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%A9%E9%87%8E%E5%B1%B1%E9%9B%AA" title="狩野山雪">狩野山雪</a>繪</figcaption></figure> <p>堯為了管治<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%8B" title="天下">天下</a>，制定法度，禁止<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%BA%E8%A9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="欺詐">欺詐</a>。他設置諫<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%93" title="鼓">鼓</a>，讓普通人都能對國事發表意見。他樹立<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A4%E6%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="谤木">謗木</a>，鼓勵<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%A7%93" title="百姓">百姓</a>批評自己的過失。他說：「如果有一個人挨餓，就是我餓了他；如果有一個人受凍，就是我凍了他；如果有一個人獲罪，就是我害了他。」堯無微不至地關心百姓，輕徭薄賦，因此百姓都十分擁戴他。他又大力提倡<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E5%BE%B7" title="道德">道德</a>與和順，使天下百姓能融洽相處，使天下萬國和諧一致。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="科技方面"><span id=".E7.A7.91.E6.8A.80.E6.96.B9.E9.9D.A2"></span>科技方面</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：科技方面"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>帝堯任命<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%B2%E5%92%8C" title="羲和">羲和</a>掌管天文，制定<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%86%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="曆法">曆法</a>，授民農時。分派<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%B2%E4%BB%B2" title="羲仲">羲仲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%B2%E5%8F%94" title="羲叔">羲叔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E4%BB%B2" title="和仲">和仲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%94" title="和叔">和叔</a>分住四方，負責觀察<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5" title="日">日</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88" title="月">月</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E8%BE%B0" class="mw-disambig" title="星辰">星辰</a>萬物生靈，以通報<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99" title="氣候">氣候</a>變化，使百姓能及時下種和<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E7%A9%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="收穫">收穫</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="晚年"><span id=".E6.99.9A.E5.B9.B4"></span>晚年</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：晚年"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="發生洪水"><span id=".E7.99.BC.E7.94.9F.E6.B4.AA.E6.B0.B4"></span>發生洪水</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：發生洪水"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>帝堯年老以後，到處都出現<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%B0%B4" title="洪水">洪水</a>泛濫，影響百姓生活，於是問<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%B2%B3" title="四岳">四岳</a>誰可以治好洪水。四岳說：「<a href="/wiki/%E9%AF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鯀">鯀</a>可以。」帝堯說：「鯀違背教命，敗壞<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%97%8F" title="宗族">宗族</a>，不行。」四岳說：「看法不同啊！讓他試試，不成功再說。」帝堯聽從了四岳的意見，讓鯀治水，鯀花了九年時間，還沒有成功。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="禪讓"><span id=".E7.A6.AA.E8.AE.93"></span>禪讓</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：禪讓"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="史记记载"><span id=".E5.8F.B2.E8.AE.B0.E8.AE.B0.E8.BD.BD"></span>史记记载</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：史记记载"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>帝堯與四岳討論<a href="/wiki/%E7%B9%BC%E6%89%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="繼承">繼承</a>人問題。帝堯說：「四岳，我在位已經七十年了，您几位中間有誰能承<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%91%BD" title="天命">天命</a>、繼帝位呢？」四岳齊聲回答：「我等鄙陋無德，不能辱沒神聖的帝位。」帝堯說：「那麼，把<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E4%BA%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="近亲">近親</a>貴戚和隱匿民間的大德大才的人都推薦上來吧！」大家一致推舉道：「有個民間的<a href="/wiki/%E9%B0%A5%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="鰥夫">鰥夫</a>，叫<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%9E%E8%88%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="虞舜">虞舜</a>。」帝堯說：「噢，我聽說過。這個人究竟怎樣？」四岳說：「他是一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BD%E5%8F%9F" title="瞽叟">瞎子</a>的兒子。父親固執，母親放肆，弟弟傲慢，他卻能以<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9D%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="孝道">孝道</a>使得家庭和睦，不至於出亂子。」帝堯說：「那就讓他試試吧！」於是帝堯將兩個女兒<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%A5%E7%9A%87" title="娥皇">娥皇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%8B%B1" title="女英">女英</a>嫁給舜，來觀察他的德性。舜讓二妃回<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AA%AF%E6%B1%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="媯汭（页面不存在）">媯汭</a>（河名，今山西）家中，去侍奉公婆，盡行婦道。帝堯很滿意，又讓九個兒子跟隨舜，來觀察他處理社會事務的能力。帝堯派舜負責協調民間父義、母慈、兄友、弟恭、子孝這五種人倫關係，取得成績，連帝堯的九個兒子也受到教育，變得更加淳厚謹敬。帝堯又派舜輪流到幾個官府任職。舜都盡職盡責，制定制度，使各官府的行政走上了正規。帝堯又派舜接待四方朝見的部族<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8B%E9%95%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="酋長">酋長</a>和使者，舜態度嚴謹和睦，處事得當，使者都很敬仰中朝。帝堯派舜到山林川澤中去，在暴風<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E9%9B%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="雷雨">雷雨</a>交加中，舜都沒有迷路。尧觉得，權力傳給舜，天下人會受益，卻不利於丹朱；如果將權力傳給丹朱，就會使丹朱得益，而不利於天下人。他想：「我總不能讓天下人受害而只對一個人有好處！」於是他召見舜，說：「你謀劃事情詳盡周到，言論意見都獲得了實效，試用三年了，你就登上帝位吧！」舜推辭道：「我的德行不夠，總覺得還不能穩妥地擔當大任。」最後，舜接受了堯的禪讓，登上<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%BB" title="共主">共主</a>之位。 </p><p>也有部分古籍記載，帝堯受舜的挑唆，認為自己的兒子<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E6%9C%B1" title="丹朱">丹朱</a>不行，不能將天下交給他。舜讓人在堯的面前舉薦自己，讓堯覺得舜很聖明，終於堯決定將權力交給舜。 </p><p>另外，堯曾計劃把天下讓給許由，許由沒有接受，堯又要把天下讓給<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%90%E5%B7%9E%E6%94%AF%E7%88%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="子州支父（页面不存在）">子州支父</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，子州支父也沒有接受。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="竹书纪年与法家记载"><span id=".E7.AB.B9.E4.B9.A6.E7.BA.AA.E5.B9.B4.E4.B8.8E.E6.B3.95.E5.AE.B6.E8.AE.B0.E8.BD.BD"></span>竹书纪年与法家记载</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：竹书纪年与法家记载"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EmperorYao2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/EmperorYao2.jpg/200px-EmperorYao2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/EmperorYao2.jpg/300px-EmperorYao2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/EmperorYao2.jpg/400px-EmperorYao2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="452" /></a><figcaption>堯</figcaption></figure> <p>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E4%B9%A6%E7%BA%AA%E5%B9%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="竹书纪年">竹书纪年</a>》中记载，舜将尧放逐到平陽囚禁，先立<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E6%9C%B1" title="丹朱">丹朱</a>為帝，後奪取帝位<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>關於舜脅迫堯父子讓位，在古代並非只有《竹書紀年》孤證，戰國時期的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%80%E5%AD%90" title="荀子">荀子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E9%9D%9E%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="韓非子">韓非子</a>亦先後有類似說法。《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%80%E5%AD%90_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="荀子 (書)">荀子</a>·正論》：「夫曰堯舜禪讓，是虛言也，是淺者之傳，是陋者之說也。」而《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E9%9D%9E%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="韓非子">韓非子</a>·說疑》：「舜逼堯，禹逼舜，湯放桀，武王伐紂，此四人者，人臣弒其君者也。」；而成書時代約略同期的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%B5%B7%E7%B6%93" class="mw-redirect" title="山海經">山海經</a>·海內南經》“蒼梧之山，帝舜葬於陽，帝丹朱葬於陰”文中更稱呼丹朱為帝，間接否定了堯直接<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="禅位">禪位</a>予舜的觀點。因此後來的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B2%E5%86%A2%E7%90%90%E8%AF%AD" title="汲冢琐语">汲冢瑣語</a>》依據《竹書紀年》，而對此提出了疑問：「舜放堯於陽，而書云某地有城，以囚堯為號，識者憑斯異說，頗以禪受為疑。」，從現實面來說，即使從《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%AD%90_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="孟子 (書)">孟子</a>·萬章上》：「丹朱之不肖，舜之子亦不肖。」文中推測堯會認為丹朱不肖而有讓國的個人想法，但仍須面對整個家族利益集團的反對，因為在空間資源有限的情況下，這個舉動會涉及到急遽的權利與資源重分配，必然產生新舊團體間的紛爭。也因此即使是<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9C" title="舜">舜</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E8%AE%A9%E5%88%B6" title="禅让制">受禪</a>觀點，亦有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%97" title="三苗">三苗</a>不服，舜於是發動戰爭解決的記載。無論如何，在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="西漢">西漢</a>後<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E5%B0%8A%E5%84%92%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="獨尊儒術">獨尊儒術</a>、採納單一史觀的發展下，有關舜逼堯讓位的說法逐漸隱沒，而不為人所重視。 </p><p>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E9%80%9A" title="史通">史通</a>·疑古》引《汲冢琐语》文：「昔尧德衰，为舜所囚也。」 </p><p>後世亦有人懷疑堯舜並非禪讓：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E4%B8%95%E7%AF%A1%E6%B1%89" class="mw-redirect" title="曹丕篡汉">曹丕篡汉</a>之后，感叹道：“舜禹之事，吾知之矣。”唐朝詩人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%99%BD" title="李白">李白</a>在《遠別離》寫到：“堯幽囚，舜野死。”，懷疑堯舜禪讓的說法。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="駕崩"><span id=".E9.A7.95.E5.B4.A9"></span>駕崩</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：駕崩"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>堯讓位後，繼續關注國事，經常巡視天下，做了許多利國利民的事。禪位二十八年以後，堯以一百一十八歲高齡逝世<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，安葬於<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E9%99%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="濟陰">濟陰</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%90%E9%98%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="成阳（页面不存在）">成阳</a>（今山东省<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%8F%E6%B3%BD%E5%B8%82" title="菏泽市">菏泽市</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A1%E4%B8%B9%E5%8C%BA" title="牡丹区">牡丹区</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%9B%86%E4%B9%A1_(%E8%8F%8F%E6%B3%BD%E5%B8%82)" title="胡集乡 (菏泽市)">胡集乡</a>）。百姓們聽到堯逝世的消息，無不悲痛萬分，如喪父母。在此後的三年中，人們自動停止了各種<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%9B%E6%A8%82" title="娛樂">娛樂</a>活動，以表達對堯的哀思。三年喪期結束，舜提出讓位給丹朱，自己避居於南河以南的荒野。人們都不服丹朱的號令，還是向舜朝覲，百姓照樣謳歌舜的盛德。舜說：「這是天意啊！」於是重新回到國都，再一次登上共主之位。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家庭"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E5.BA.AD"></span>家庭</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：家庭"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ma_Lin_-_Emperor_Yao.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ma_Lin_-_Emperor_Yao.jpg/200px-Ma_Lin_-_Emperor_Yao.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="435" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ma_Lin_-_Emperor_Yao.jpg/300px-Ma_Lin_-_Emperor_Yao.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Ma_Lin_-_Emperor_Yao.jpg/400px-Ma_Lin_-_Emperor_Yao.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7890" data-file-height="17168" /></a><figcaption>帝堯立像</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="后妃"><span id=".E5.90.8E.E5.A6.83"></span>后妃</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：后妃"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>女皇，出自散宜氏，根据《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E6%9C%AC" title="世本">世本</a>》她是丹朱的母亲。《世本》：“尧娶散宜氏之子，谓之女皇。”<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%BF%A0_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD)" title="宋忠 (三国)">宋忠</a>：“女皇是生丹朱。”《帝系》《汉书》同。</li> <li>女莹，根据《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="帝王世紀">帝王世纪</a>》她是丹朱的母亲。《帝王世纪》：女莹生丹朱。《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%B9%A6" title="汉书">汉书</a>》亦云女莹。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="子女"><span id=".E5.AD.90.E5.A5.B3"></span>子女</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：子女"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%A5%E7%9A%87" title="娥皇">娥皇</a>，堯的女兒，嫁給舜<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E8%8B%B1" title="女英">女英</a>，堯的女兒，嫁給舜<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E6%9C%B1" title="丹朱">丹朱</a>，从小极受尧的宠爱，但其个性刚烈，欠政治智慧，被尧视为“不肖之子”。</li> <li>還有九個兒子，名字不詳。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="其他與堯有關的事"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E8.88.87.E5.A0.AF.E6.9C.89.E9.97.9C.E7.9A.84.E4.BA.8B"></span>其他與堯有關的事</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：其他與堯有關的事"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>据传说，尧因命羿杀十日，夏人联合有仍氏、有虞氏复仇，灭戈，灭过，杀浇，尧王城成为一片废墟。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教">道教</a>認為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%98%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="天官大帝">天官大帝</a>為堯，與<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%AE%98%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="地官大帝">地官大帝</a>（舜）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%AE%98%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="水官大帝">水官大帝</a>（禹），合稱<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%98%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="三官大帝">三官大帝</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A6%E7%8E%8B" title="周武王">周武王</a>時，追思元聖，褒封堯裔二十三世名京。遷至平陽（今山西省臨汾縣西南）。其裔改姓堯。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="西漢">西漢</a>宣帝，因為<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="漢宣帝">漢宣帝</a>說堯有犯諱：「具奏曰：『唐堯乃百聖至聖，五帝盛帝，今<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E5%85%86%E5%B0%B9" title="京兆尹">京兆</a>尉堯濙，實其後裔！應合避諱』。」故加食字改為饒。</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E6%B0%8F%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B" title="吕氏春秋">吕氏春秋</a>·召类》记载：尧在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E6%B0%B4" title="丹水">丹水</a>戰勝<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%8B%97" title="三苗">三苗</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="宋代">宋代</a>的学者<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%8C" title="罗泌">罗泌</a>在《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%8F%B2" title="路史">路史</a>·后纪十》中记载：尧教儿子<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E6%9C%B1" title="丹朱">丹朱</a>如何下<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%B4%E6%A3%8B" title="围棋">围棋</a>，想以此来改变丹朱的性情。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="考古研究"><span id=".E8.80.83.E5.8F.A4.E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6"></span>考古研究</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：考古研究"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E5%AF%BA%E9%81%BA%E5%9D%80" title="陶寺遺址">陶寺遗址</a>被认为是可能的尧的都城。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="評價"><span id=".E8.A9.95.E5.83.B9"></span>評價</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：評價"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《笠翁对韵》：「<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E6%93%8D" title="曹操">曹公</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B8" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="奸">奸</a>似<a href="/wiki/%E9%AC%BC" title="鬼">鬼</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="堯">堯帝</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="智">智</a>如<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E" title="神">神</a>。」</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="漢宣帝">漢宣帝</a>：「<a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="堯">唐堯</a>乃百聖至聖，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D" title="三皇五帝">五帝</a>盛帝……」</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注釋"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8B"></span>注釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：注釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Emperor_Yao" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Emperor Yao"><span style="font-weight:bold;">尧</span></a></div></div> </div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">唐人<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E8%B4%9E" title="司马贞">司马贞</a>引魏晋人<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E7%94%AB%E8%B0%A7" title="皇甫谧">皇甫谧</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="帝王世紀">帝王世纪</a>》为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E8%BF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="司马迁">司马迁</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0" title="史记">史记</a>》所作的注解</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《吕氏春秋·仲夏纪·古乐》：昔古<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E8%A5%84%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="朱襄氏">朱襄氏</a>之治天下也…，昔<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%9B%E5%A4%A9%E6%B0%8F" title="葛天氏">葛天氏</a>之乐…，昔<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E5%94%90%E6%B0%8F" title="陶唐氏">陶唐氏</a>之始…，昔<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B8%9D" title="黄帝">黄帝</a>令伶伦作为律…，帝<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9B%E9%A1%BC" title="颛顼">颛顼</a>生自<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%A5%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-disambig" title="若水">若水</a>…，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%96%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="帝喾">帝喾</a>命咸黑作为唐歌…，帝尧立乃命质为乐…，舜立仰延乃拌瞽叟之所为瑟…。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《太平御覽》八十，《庄子·雜篇·讓王》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《竹书纪年》:“昔尧德衰，为舜所囚。舜囚尧，复偃塞丹朱，使不与父相见也”。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E9%80%9A" title="史通">史通</a>·疑古篇》引《汲冢書》云：「舜放堯于平陽」，另〈雜說篇〉引《汲冢瑣語》云：「舜放堯于陽，而書云某地有城，以囚堯為號識者，憑斯異說，頗以禪受為疑」。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E6%84%88" title="韩愈">韩愈</a>在《论佛骨表》一文中表示，“帝尧在位九十八年，年一百一十八岁。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinanews.com/tp/2019/04-07/8802358.shtml">探访山西洪洞四千年“迎姑姑送娘娘”传统走亲习俗-中新网</a>. 中国新闻网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-08-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210823074408/http://www.chinanews.com/tp/2019/04-07/8802358.shtml">存档</a>于2021-08-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B0%A7&rft.atitle=%E6%8E%A2%E8%AE%BF%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%AA%E6%B4%9E%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%83%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%9C%E8%BF%8E%E5%A7%91%E5%A7%91%E9%80%81%E5%A8%98%E5%A8%98%E2%80%9D%E4%BC%A0%E7%BB%9F%E8%B5%B0%E4%BA%B2%E4%B9%A0%E4%BF%97-%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%B0%E7%BD%91&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinanews.com%2Ftp%2F2019%2F04-07%2F8802358.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/photo/2018-04/18/c_1122702897.htm">山西洪洞上演“接姑姑迎娘娘”走亲习俗_图片频道_新华网</a>. 新华网. 新华网. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-08-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210823075416/http://www.xinhuanet.com/photo/2018-04/18/c_1122702897.htm">存档</a>于2021-08-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B0%A7&rft.atitle=%E5%B1%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%AA%E6%B4%9E%E4%B8%8A%E6%BC%94%E2%80%9C%E6%8E%A5%E5%A7%91%E5%A7%91%E8%BF%8E%E5%A8%98%E5%A8%98%E2%80%9D%E8%B5%B0%E4%BA%B2%E4%B9%A0%E4%BF%97_%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93_%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%BD%91&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E6%96%B0%E5%8D%8E%E7%BD%91&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xinhuanet.com%2Fphoto%2F2018-04%2F18%2Fc_1122702897.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C"></span>相關</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：相關"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B9%E8%87%BA%E5%A7%93" title="澹臺姓">澹臺姓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D" title="三皇五帝">三皇五帝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E8%99%9E" title="唐虞">唐虞</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%A7&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98/%E5%8D%B7001#堯" class="extiw" title="s:史記/卷001">史記·五帝本紀</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A0%AF%E5%85%B8" class="extiw" title="s:堯典">堯典</a>》</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="margin:0.5em auto !important; font-size:95%;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">前任：<br /><b>兄<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%9A_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E7%8E%8B)" title="挚 (中国君王)">挚</a></b> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b>中国中原地区君主</b> </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">繼任：<br /><b>族弟<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%AC%E5%BA%B7" title="敬康">敬康</a>玄孫<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9C" title="舜">舜</a></b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%BE%B2" title="伏羲">伏羲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E5%A8%B2" title="女娲">女娲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%86%9C" title="神农">神农</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">《帝王世紀》說法</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%BE%B2" title="伏羲">伏羲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%86%9C" title="神农">神农</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B8%9D" title="黄帝">黄帝</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">《尚書大傳》說法</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%A7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%8F" title="燧人氏">燧人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%BE%B2" title="伏羲">伏羲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%86%9C" title="神农">神农</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D#五帝" title="三皇五帝">五帝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">《史記·五帝本紀》、《禮記》和《春秋國語》說法</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B8%9D" title="黄帝">黄帝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9B%E9%A1%BC" title="颛顼">颛顼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%B3" title="嚳">帝嚳</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">帝尧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9C" title="舜">帝舜</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">《白虎通義》和《尚書序》說法</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E6%98%8A" title="少昊">少昊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9B%E9%A1%BC" title="颛顼">颛顼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9A%B3" title="嚳">帝嚳</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">帝尧</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%9C" title="舜">帝舜</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">《呂氏春秋》和《淮南子》說法</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E6%98%8A" title="太昊">太昊</a>（一说即<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%BE%B2" title="伏羲">伏羲</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%8E%E5%B8%9D" title="炎帝">炎帝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%B8%9D" title="黄帝">黄帝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E6%98%8A" title="少昊">少昊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%9B%E9%A1%BC" title="颛顼">颛顼</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>三皇五帝說法眾說紛紜，三皇版本參考《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E8%B4%9E" title="司马贞">司马贞</a>·三皇本紀》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="帝王世紀">帝王世紀</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%A0" title="尚书大传">尚书大传</a>》的說法。五帝參考《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%AE%B0" title="史记">史记</a>·五帝本紀》、《<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BC%E8%AE%B0" title="礼记">礼记</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B_(%E4%B9%A6)" title="春秋 (书)">春秋</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="國語 (書)">國語</a>》說法；《<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%99%8E%E9%80%9A%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="白虎通義">白虎通義</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E4%B9%A6_(%E4%B9%A6)" title="尚书 (书)">尚書</a>序》說法；《<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E6%B0%8F%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B" title="吕氏春秋">吕氏春秋</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%AE%E5%8D%97%E5%AD%90" title="淮南子">淮南子</a>》說法。其他版本参见<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D" title="三皇五帝">三皇五帝</a></b>条目中的说明。<hr /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D" title="Template:三皇五帝"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">三皇五帝</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:夏朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">夏</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%95%86%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:商朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">商</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:周朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">周</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A7%A6%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:秦国君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">秦</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BC%A2%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:漢朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">汉</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:三國君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">三国</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%99%89%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:晉朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">晋</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E8%83%A1%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:五胡十六國君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">十六国</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E9%AD%8F%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:元魏君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">北魏</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:南朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">南朝</span></a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E9%BD%90%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:北齐君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">北齐</span></a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E5%91%A8%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:北周君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">北周</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:隋朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">隋</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:唐朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">唐</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:五代君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">五代</span></a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:十國君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">十國</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:宋朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">宋</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:西夏君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">西夏</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BE%BD%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:辽朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">辽</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%91%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:金朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">金</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" 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