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inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="wei-liao-zi" >Wei Liao Zi</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="three-strategies" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="three-strategies" >Three Strategies</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x47090" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m47090" href="mathematics" >Mathematics</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m45173" href="hai-dao-suan-jing" >Hai Dao Suan Jing</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="nine-chapters" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="nine-chapters" >The Nine Chapters</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="sunzi-suan-jing" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="sunzi-suan-jing" >Sunzi Suan Jing</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="zhou-bi-suan-jing" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="zhou-bi-suan-jing" >Zhou Bi Suan Jing</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x47091" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m47091" href="miscellaneous-schools" >Miscellaneous Schools</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="huainanzi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="huainanzi" >Huainanzi</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="lv-shi-chun-qiu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="lv-shi-chun-qiu" >Lü Shi Chun Qiu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="gui-gu-zi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="gui-gu-zi" >Gui Gu Zi</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yin-wen-zi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="yin-wen-zi" >Yin Wen Zi</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="deng-xi-zi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="deng-xi-zi" >Deng Xi Zi</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x47092" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m47092" href="histories" >Histories</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shiji" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="shiji" >Shiji</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="chun-qiu-zuo-zhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="chun-qiu-zuo-zhuan" >Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="lost-book-of-zhou" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="lost-book-of-zhou" >Lost Book of Zhou</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="guo-yu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="guo-yu" >Guo Yu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yanzi-chun-qiu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="yanzi-chun-qiu" >Yanzi Chun Qiu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="wu-yue-chun-qiu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="wu-yue-chun-qiu" >Wu Yue Chun Qiu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yue-jue-shu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="yue-jue-shu" >Yue Jue Shu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="zhan-guo-ce" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="zhan-guo-ce" >Zhan Guo Ce</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yan-tie-lun" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="yan-tie-lun" >Yan Tie Lun</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="lie-nv-zhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="lie-nv-zhuan" >Lie Nü Zhuan</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="guliang-zhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="guliang-zhuan" >Guliang Zhuan</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="gongyang-zhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="gongyang-zhuan" >Gongyang Zhuan</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="han-shu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="han-shu" >Han Shu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="qian-han-ji" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="qian-han-ji" >Qian Han Ji</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dong-guan-han-ji" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="dong-guan-han-ji" >Dong Guan Han Ji</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="hou-han-shu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="hou-han-shu" >Hou Han Shu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="zhushu-jinian" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="zhushu-jinian" >Zhushu Jinian</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="mutianzi-zhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="mutianzi-zhuan" >Mutianzi Zhuan</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="gu-san-fen" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="gu-san-fen" >Gu San Fen</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yandanzi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="yandanzi" >Yandanzi</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="xijing-zaji" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="xijing-zaji" >Xijing Zaji</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x47093" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m47093" href="ancient-classics" >Ancient Classics</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="book-of-poetry" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="book-of-poetry" >Book of Poetry</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shang-shu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="shang-shu" >Shang Shu</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="book-of-changes" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="book-of-changes" >Book of Changes</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="rites-of-zhou" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="rites-of-zhou" >The Rites of Zhou</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="chu-ci" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="chu-ci" >Chu Ci</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yili" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="yili" >Yili</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shan-hai-jing" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="shan-hai-jing" >Shan Hai Jing</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="jiaoshi-yilin" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="jiaoshi-yilin" >Jiaoshi Yilin</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="jingshi-yizhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="jingshi-yizhuan" >Jingshi Yizhuan</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shishuo" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="shishuo" >Shi Shuo</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x47104" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m47104" href="etymology" >Etymology</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shuo-wen-jie-zi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="shuo-wen-jie-zi" >Shuo Wen Jie Zi</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="er-ya" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="er-ya" >Er Ya</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shi-ming" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="shi-ming" >Shi Ming</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="fang-yan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="fang-yan" >Fang Yan</a><br /> 　<a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m279526" href="jijiupian" >Ji Jiu Pian</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x80226" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m80226" href="chinese-medicine" >Chinese Medicine</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="huangdi-neijing" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="huangdi-neijing" >Huangdi Neijing</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="nan-jing" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="nan-jing" >Nan Jing</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shang-han-lun" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="shang-han-lun" >Shang Han Lun</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="jinkui-yaolue" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="jinkui-yaolue" >Jinkui Yaolue</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x82944" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m82944" href="excavated-texts" >Excavated texts</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="guodian" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="guodian" >Guodian</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="mawangdui" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="mawangdui" >Mawangdui</a><br /> </span></span> <br /> <div class="menuitem listhead"><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m89488" href="post-han" >Post-Han</a><br /> </div><span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x90478" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m90478" href="wei-jin-and-north-south" >Wei, Jin, and North-South</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<a class="menuitem" id="m90479" href="dao-de-zhen-jing-zhu" >道德真經註</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shi-shuo-xin-yu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="shi-shuo-xin-yu" >世說新語</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yan-shi-jia-xun" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="yan-shi-jia-xun" >顏氏家訓</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="wenxin-diaolong" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="wenxin-diaolong" >文心雕龍</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="baopuzi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="baopuzi" >抱朴子</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="renwuzhi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="renwuzhi" >人物志</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="jinlouzi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="jinlouzi" >金樓子</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shui-jing-zhu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="shui-jing-zhu" >水經注</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="shen-xian-zhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="shen-xian-zhuan" >神仙傳</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="sanguozhi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="sanguozhi" >三國志</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="gaoshizhuan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="gaoshizhuan" >高士傳</a><br /> 　<a class="menuitem" id="m649377" href="shenyijing" >神異經</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dongmingji" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="dongmingji" >洞冥記</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x278826" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m278826" href="sui-tang" >Sui-Tang</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="qunshu-zhiyao" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="qunshu-zhiyao" >群書治要</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yiwen-leiju" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="yiwen-leiju" >藝文類聚</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="tongdian" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="tongdian" >通典</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yilin" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="yilin" >意林</a><br /> 　<a class="menuitem" id="m649043" href="yinfujing" >黃帝陰符經</a><br /> </span></span> <span class="menuitem container"><div style="display: inline-block; *display: inline; zoom: 1;'"><div class="sprite-expand" title="+" id="x90471" class="subtitle"><div></div></div></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m90471" href="song-ming" >Song-Ming</a><br /> <span class="subcontents">　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="si-shu-zhang-ju-ji-zhu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="si-shu-zhang-ju-ji-zhu" >四書章句集注</a><br /> 　<a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" id="m90563" href="three-character-classic" >Three Character Classic</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="lunyu-zhushu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="lunyu-zhushu" >論語注疏</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="xiyouji" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="xiyouji" >西遊記</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="sanguo-yanyi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" href="sanguo-yanyi" >Romance of the Three Kingdoms</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="jinpingmei" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="jinpingmei" >金瓶梅</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="fengshen-yanyi" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="fengshen-yanyi" >封神演義</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="guangyun" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="guangyun" >廣韻</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="xiaojing-zhushu" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="xiaojing-zhushu" >孝經注疏</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="taiping-yulan" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="taiping-yulan" >太平御覽</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="taiping-guangji" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="taiping-guangji" >太平廣記</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="zhuzi-yulei" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><a class="menuitem" href="zhuzi-yulei" >朱子語類</a><br /> 　<div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="yingwengong" class="sprite-expand" title="+" >+<div style="display: 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href="dictionary.pl?if=en">Dictionary</a></div><div class="menuitem listhead"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="discuss.pl?if=en">Discussion</a></div><div class="menuitem listhead"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="library.pl?if=en">Library</a></div><div class="menuitem listhead"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="wiki.pl?if=en">Wiki</a></div><div class="menuitem listhead"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="datawiki.pl?if=en">Data Wiki</a></div></div> <div id="search"> <form id="searchform" method="get" action="text.pl"> Search <select name="node" class="booklistbox"><option value="3925" >Pre-Qin and Han</option> <option value="47084" >Confucianism</option> <option value="1081" > The Analects</option> <option value="1602" > Mengzi</option> <option value="9479" > Liji</option> <option value="12245" > Xunzi</option> <option value="20992" > Xiao Jing</option> <option value="21511" > Shuo Yuan</option> <option value="22853" > Chun Qiu Fan Lu</option> <option value="39642" > Han Shi Wai Zhuan</option> <option value="44430" > Da Dai Li Ji</option> <option value="52839" > Bai Hu Tong</option> <option value="53345" > Xin Shu</option> <option value="53728" > Xin Xu</option> <option value="60991" > Yangzi Fayan</option> <option value="83378" > Zhong Lun</option> <option value="84338" > Kongzi Jiayu</option> <option value="84867" > Qian Fu Lun</option> <option value="280221" > Lunheng</option> <option value="283871" > Tai Xuan Jing</option> <option value="284846" > Fengsu Tongyi</option> <option value="285366" > Kongcongzi</option> <option value="601774" > Shen Jian</option> <option value="646727" > Zhong Jing</option> <option value="646765" > Su Shu</option> <option value="646861" > Xin Yu</option> <option value="646956" > Du Duan</option> <option value="648405" > Cai Zhong Lang Ji</option> <option value="47085" >Mohism</option> <option value="101" > Mozi</option> <option value="37562" > Mo Bian Zhu Xu</option> <option value="47086" >Daoism</option> <option value="2712" > Zhuangzi</option> <option value="11591" > Dao De Jing</option> <option value="37397" > Liezi</option> <option value="50769" > He Guan Zi</option> <option value="58487" > Wenzi</option> <option value="279897" > Wen Shi Zhen Jing</option> <option value="285604" > Lie Xian Zhuan</option> <option value="647075" > Yuzi</option> <option value="648877" > Heshanggong Laozi</option> <option value="47087" >Legalism</option> <option value="1879" > Hanfeizi</option> <option value="47107" > Shang Jun Shu</option> <option value="47108" > Shen Bu Hai</option> <option value="47109" > Shenzi</option> <option value="47384" > Jian Zhu Ke Shu</option> <option value="48150" > Guanzi</option> <option value="47088" >School of Names</option> <option value="11553" > Gongsunlongzi</option> <option value="47089" >School of the Military</option> <option value="20908" > The Art of War</option> <option value="41678" > Wu Zi</option> <option value="41730" > Liu Tao</option> <option value="43273" > Si Ma Fa</option> <option value="43348" > Wei Liao Zi</option> <option value="50828" > Three Strategies</option> <option value="47090" >Mathematics</option> <option value="45173" > Hai Dao Suan Jing</option> <option value="51058" > The Nine Chapters</option> <option value="52053" > Sunzi Suan Jing</option> <option value="59424" > Zhou Bi Suan Jing</option> <option value="47091" >Miscellaneous Schools</option> <option value="3022" > Huainanzi</option> <option value="23107" > Lü Shi Chun Qiu</option> <option value="39963" > Gui Gu Zi</option> <option value="41543" > Yin Wen Zi</option> <option value="41632" > Deng Xi Zi</option> <option value="47092" >Histories</option> <option value="4474" > Shiji</option> <option value="16949" > Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan</option> <option value="24161" > Lost Book of Zhou</option> <option value="24449" > Guo Yu</option> <option value="43540" > Yanzi Chun Qiu</option> <option value="47648" > Wu Yue Chun Qiu</option> <option value="49118" > Yue Jue Shu</option> 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Jing</option> <option value="85326" > Jiaoshi Yilin</option> <option value="280082" > Jingshi Yizhuan</option> <option value="283542" > Shi Shuo</option> <option value="47104" >Etymology</option> <option value="26160" > Shuo Wen Jie Zi</option> <option value="37567" > Er Ya</option> <option value="40087" > Shi Ming</option> <option value="45207" > Fang Yan</option> <option value="279526" > Ji Jiu Pian</option> <option value="80226" >Chinese Medicine</option> <option value="80228" > Huangdi Neijing</option> <option value="81934" > Nan Jing</option> <option value="281911" > Shang Han Lun</option> <option value="647268" > Jinkui Yaolue</option> <option value="82944" >Excavated texts</option> <option value="82945" > Guodian</option> <option value="82987" > Mawangdui</option> <option value="89488" >Post-Han</option> <option value="90478" >Wei, Jin, and North-South</option> <option value="90479" > 道德真經註</option> <option value="90746" > 世說新語</option> <option value="91913" > 顏氏家訓</option> 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{document.getElementById('listscans603031').style.display='none';} return false;">Library Resources</a><div id="listscans603031" style="display: none; position: relative; width: 300px; margin: 5px; "><span class="etext" style="display: block; width: 300px; background: #DDDDDD; border: 2px solid; text-align: left; position: absolute; z-index: 50;"><a href="library.pl?if=en&file=79596&page=50"><b>底本：《武英殿二十四史》本《三國志》：韓曁傳</b></a><br /><div style="width: 100%; text-align: right;">[<a href="library.pl?if=en&node=601873">Show all</a>]</div></span><div style="clear: both; width: 300px;"></div></div></td></tr></table> <div id="comm603031"></div><table border="0"> <tr id="n603032"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603032" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">1</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603032" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">韓曁傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603032"></div>韓曁字公至，南陽堵陽人也。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603033"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603033" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">2</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603033" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603033&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">韓曁傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603033"></div><span class="inlinecomment">楚國先賢傳曰：曁，韓王信之後。祖術，河東太守。父純，南郡太守。</span>同縣豪右陳茂，譖曁父兄，幾至大辟。曁陽不以為言，庸賃積資，陰結死士，遂追呼尋禽茂，以首祭父墓，由是顯名。舉孝廉，司空辟，皆不就。乃變名姓，隱居避亂魯陽山中。山民合黨，欲行寇掠。曁散家財以供牛酒，請其渠帥，為陳安危。山民化之，終不為害。避袁術命召，徙居山都之山。荊州牧劉表禮辟，遂遁逃，南居孱陵界，所在見敬愛，而表深恨之。曁懼，應命，除宜城長。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603034"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603034" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">3</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603034" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603034&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">韓曁傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603034"></div>太祖平荊州，辟為丞相士曹屬。後選樂陵太守，徙監冶謁者。舊時冶，作馬排，<span class="inlinecomment">蒲拜反。為排以吹炭。</span>每一熟石用馬百匹；更作人排，又費功力；曁乃因長流為水排，計其利益，三倍於前。在職七年，器用充實。制書襃歎，就加司金都尉，班亞九卿。文帝踐阼，封宜城亭侯。黃初七年，遷太常，進封南鄉亭侯，邑二百戶。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603035"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603035" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">4</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603035" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603035&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">韓曁傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603035"></div>時新都洛陽，制度未備，而宗廟主祏<span class="inlinecomment">祏音石。春秋傳曰：命我先人典司宗祏。注曰：「宗廟所以藏主石室者。」</span>皆在鄴都。曁奏請迎鄴四廟神主，建立洛陽廟，四時蒸嘗，親奉粢盛。崇明正禮，廢去淫祀，多所匡正。在官八年，以疾遜位。景初二年春，詔曰：「太中大夫韓曁，澡身浴德，志節高絜，年踰八十，守道彌固，可謂純篤，老而益劭者也。其以曁為司徒。」夏四月薨，遺令歛以時服，葬為土藏。謚曰恭侯。<span class="inlinecomment">楚國先賢傳曰：曁臨終遺言曰：「夫俗奢者，示之以儉，儉則節之以禮。歷見前代送終過制，失之甚矣。若爾曹敬聽吾言，斂以時服，葬以土藏，穿畢便葬，送以瓦器，慎勿有增益。」又上疏曰：「生有益於民，死猶不害於民。況臣備位台司，在職日淺，未能宣揚聖德以廣益黎庶。寢疾彌留，奄即幽冥。方今百姓農務，不宜勞役，乞不令洛陽吏民供設喪具。懼國典有常，使臣私願不得展從，謹冒以聞，惟蒙哀許。」帝得表嗟歎，乃詔曰：「故司徒韓曁，積德履行，忠以立朝，至於黃髮，直亮不虧。旣登三事，望獲毗輔之助，如何奄忽，天命不永！曾參臨沒，易簀以禮；晏嬰尚儉，遣車降制。今司徒知命，遺言卹民，必欲崇約，可謂善始令終者也。其喪禮所設，皆如故事，勿有所闕。」時賜溫明祕器，衣一稱，五時朝服，玉具劒佩。</span>子肇嗣。肇薨，子邦嗣。<span class="inlinecomment">楚國先賢傳曰：邦字長林。少有才學。晉武帝時為野王令，有稱績。為新城太守，坐舉野王故吏為新城計吏，武帝大怒，遂殺邦。曁次子繇，高陽太守。繇子洪，侍御史。洪子壽，字德貞。晉諸公贊曰：自曁已下，世治素業，壽能敦尚家風，性尤忠厚。早歷清職，惠帝踐阼，為散騎常侍，遷守河南尹。病卒，贈驃騎將軍。壽妻賈充女。充無後，以壽子謐為嗣，弱冠為祕書監侍中，性驕佚而才出壽。少子蔚，亦有器望，並為趙王倫所誅。韓氏遂滅。</span><p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> </table><table width='100%'><tr><td><h2>《<a href="text.pl?node=603036&if=en" class="popup">崔林傳</a>》</h2></td><td></td><td align='right'> <a href="#" class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" onClick="if(document.getElementById('listscans603036').style.display!='block') {document.getElementById('listscans603036').style.display='block'; } else {document.getElementById('listscans603036').style.display='none';} return false;">Library Resources</a><div id="listscans603036" style="display: none; position: relative; width: 300px; margin: 5px; "><span class="etext" style="display: block; width: 300px; background: #DDDDDD; border: 2px solid; text-align: left; position: absolute; z-index: 50;"><a href="library.pl?if=en&file=79596&page=53"><b>底本：《武英殿二十四史》本《三國志》：崔林傳</b></a><br /><div style="width: 100%; text-align: right;">[<a href="library.pl?if=en&node=601873">Show all</a>]</div></span><div style="clear: both; width: 300px;"></div></div></td></tr></table> <div id="comm603036"></div><table border="0"> <tr id="n603037"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603037" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">1</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603037" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603037&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603037"></div>崔林字德儒，清河東武城人也。少時晚成，宗族莫知，惟從兄琰異之。太祖定兾州，召除鄔長，貧無車馬，單步之官。太祖征壺關，問長吏德政最者，并州刺史張陟以林對，於是擢為兾州主簿，徙署別駕、丞相掾屬。魏國旣建，稍遷御史中丞。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603038"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603038" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">2</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603038" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603038"></div>文帝踐阼，拜尚書，出為幽州刺史。北中郎將吳質統河北軍事，涿郡太守王雄謂林別駕曰：「吳中郎將，上所親重，國之貴臣也。杖節統事，州郡莫不奉牋致敬，而崔使君初不與相聞。若以邊塞不脩斬卿，使君寧能護卿邪？」別駕具以白林，林曰：「刺史視去此州如脫屣，寧當相累邪？此州與胡虜接，宜鎮之以靜，擾之則動其逆心，特為國家生北顧憂，以此為寄。」在官一期，寇竊寢息；<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603039"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603039" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">3</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603039" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603039"></div><span class="inlinecomment">案王氏譜：雄字元伯，太保祥之宗也。魏名臣奏載安定太守孟達薦雄曰：「臣聞明君以求賢為業，忠臣以進善為效，故易稱『拔茅連茹』，傳曰『舉爾所知』。臣不自量，竊慕其義。臣昔以人乏，謬充備部職。時涿郡太守王雄為西部從事，與臣同僚。雄天性良固，果而有謀。歷試三縣，政成人和。及在近職，奉宣威恩，懷柔有術，清慎持法。臣往年出使，經過雄郡。自說特受陛下拔擢之恩，常勵節精心，思投命為效。言辭激揚，情趣款惻。臣雖愚闇，不識真偽，以謂雄才兼資文武，忠烈之性，踰越倫輩。今涿郡領戶三千，孤寡之家，參居其半，北有守兵藩衞之固，誠不足舒雄智力，展其勤幹也。臣受恩深厚，無以報國，不勝慺慺淺見之情，謹冒陳聞。」詔曰：「昔蕭何薦韓信，鄧禹進吳漢，惟賢知賢也。雄有膽智技能文武之姿，吾宿知之。今便以參散騎之選，方使少在吾門下知指歸，便大用之矣。天下之士，欲使皆先歷散騎，然後出據州郡，是吾本意也。」雄後為幽州刺史。子渾，涼州刺史。次乂，平北將軍。司徒安豐侯戎，渾之子。太尉武陵侯衍、荊州刺史澄，皆乂之子。</span>猶以不事上司，左遷河間太守，清論多為林怨也。<span class="inlinecomment">魏名臣奏載侍中辛毗奏曰：「昔桓階為尚書令，以崔林非尚書才，遷以為河間太守。」與此傳不同。</span><p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603040"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603040" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">4</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603040" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603040&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603040"></div>遷大鴻臚。龜茲王遣侍子來朝，朝廷嘉其遠至，襃賞其王甚厚。餘國各遣子來朝，閒使連屬，林恐所遣或非真的，權取疏屬賈胡，因通使命，利得印綬，而道路護送，所損滋多。勞所養之民，資無益之事，為夷狄所笑，此曩時之所患也。乃移書燉煌喻指，并錄前世待遇諸國豐約故事，使有恒常。明帝即位，賜爵關內侯，轉光祿勳、司隷校尉。屬郡皆罷非法除過員吏。林為政推誠，簡存大體，是以去後每輒見思。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603041"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603041" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">5</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603041" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603041&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603041"></div>散騎常侍劉劭作考課論，制下百僚。林議曰：「案周官考課，其文備矣，自康王以下，遂以陵遲，此即考課之法存乎其人也。及漢之季，其失豈在乎佐吏之職不密哉？方今軍旅，或猥或卒，備之以科條，申之以內外，增減無常，固難一矣。且萬目不張舉其綱，衆毛不整振其領。臯陶仕虞，伊尹臣殷，不仁者遠。五帝三王未必如一，而各以治亂。易曰：『易簡，而天下之理得矣。』太祖隨宜設辟，以遺來今，不患不法古也。以為今之制度，不為疏闊，惟在守一勿失而已。若朝臣能任仲山甫之重，式是百辟，則孰敢不肅？」<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603042"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603042" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">6</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603042" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603042&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603042"></div>景初元年，司徒、司空並缺，散騎侍郎孟康薦林曰：「夫宰相者，天下之所瞻效，誠宜得秉忠履正本德杖義之士，足為海內所師表者。竊見司隷校尉崔林，稟自然之正性，體高雅之弘量。論其所長以比古人，忠直不回則史魚之儔，清儉守約則季文之匹也。牧守州郡，所在而治，及為外司，萬里肅齊，誠台輔之妙器，衮職之良才也。」後年遂為司空，封安陽亭侯，邑六百戶。三公封列侯，自林始也。<span class="inlinecomment">臣松之以為漢封丞相邑，為荀恱所譏。魏封三公，其失同也。</span>頃之，又進封安陽鄉侯。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603043"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603043" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">7</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603043" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603043"></div>魯相上言：「漢舊立孔子廟，襃成侯歲時奉祠，辟雍行禮，必祭先師，王家出穀，春秋祭祀。今宗聖侯奉嗣，未有命祭之禮，宜給牲牢，長吏奉祀，尊為貴神。」制三府議，博士傅祗以春秋傳言立在祀典，則孔子是也。宗聖適足繼絕世，章盛德耳。至於顯立言，崇明德，則宜如魯相所上。林議以為「宗聖侯亦以王命祀，不為未有命也。周武王封黃帝、堯、舜之後，及立三恪，禹、湯之世，不列于時，復特命他官祭也。今周公已上，達於三皇，忽焉不祀，而其禮經亦存其言。今獨祀孔子者，以世近故也。以大夫之後，特受無疆之祀，禮過古帝，義踰湯、武，可謂崇明報德矣，無復重祀於非族也。」<span class="inlinecomment">臣松之以為孟軻稱宰我之辭曰：「予以觀夫子，賢於堯舜遠矣。」又曰：「生民以來，未有盛於孔子者也。」斯非通賢之格言，商較之定準乎！雖妙極則同，萬聖猶一，然淳薄異時，質文殊用，或當時則榮，沒則已焉，是以遺風所被，寔有深淺。若乃經緯天人，立言垂制，百王莫之能違，彝倫資之以立，誠一人而已耳。周監二代，斯文為盛。然於六經之道，未能及其精致。加以聖賢不興，曠年五百，道化陵夷，憲章殆滅，若使時無孔門，則周典幾乎息矣。夫能光明先王之道，以成萬世之功，齊天地之無窮，等日月之久照，豈不有踰於羣聖哉？林曾無史遷洞想之誠，梅真慷慨之志，而守其蓬心以塞明義，可謂多見其不知量也。</span><p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603044"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603044" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">8</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603044" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603044&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">崔林傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603044"></div>明帝又分林邑，封一子列侯。正始五年薨，謚曰孝侯。子述嗣。<span class="inlinecomment">晉諸公贊曰：述弟隨，晉尚書僕射。為人亮濟。趙王倫篡位，隨與其事。倫敗，隨亦廢錮而卒。林孫瑋，性率而踈，至太子右衞率也。初，林識拔同郡王經於民伍之中，卒為名士，世以此稱之。</span><p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> </table><table width='100%'><tr><td><h2>《<a href="text.pl?node=603045&if=en" class="popup">高柔傳</a>》</h2></td><td></td><td align='right'> <a href="#" class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" onClick="if(document.getElementById('listscans603045').style.display!='block') {document.getElementById('listscans603045').style.display='block'; } else {document.getElementById('listscans603045').style.display='none';} return false;">Library Resources</a><div id="listscans603045" style="display: none; position: relative; width: 300px; margin: 5px; "><span class="etext" style="display: block; width: 300px; background: #DDDDDD; border: 2px solid; text-align: left; position: absolute; z-index: 50;"><a href="library.pl?if=en&file=79596&page=60"><b>底本：《武英殿二十四史》本《三國志》：高柔傳</b></a><br /><div style="width: 100%; text-align: right;">[<a href="library.pl?if=en&node=601873">Show all</a>]</div></span><div style="clear: both; width: 300px;"></div></div></td></tr></table> <div id="comm603045"></div><table border="0"> <tr id="n603046"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603046" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">1</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603046" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603046&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603046"></div>高柔字文惠，陳留圉人也。父靖，為蜀郡都尉。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603047"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603047" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">2</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603047" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603047&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603047"></div><span class="inlinecomment">陳留耆舊傳曰：靖高祖父固，不仕王莽世，為淮陽太守所害，以烈節垂名。固子慎，字孝甫。敦厚少華，有沈深之量。撫育孤兄子五人，恩義甚篤。琅邪相何英嘉其行履，以女妻焉。英即車騎將軍熈之父也。慎歷二縣令、東萊太守。老病歸家，草屋蓬戶，甕缶無儲。其妻謂之曰：「君累經宰守，積有年歲，何能不少為儲畜以遺子孫乎？」慎曰：「我以勤身清名為之基，以二千石遺之，不亦可乎！」子式，至孝，常盡力供養。永初中，螟蝗為害，獨不食式麥，圉令周彊以表州郡。太守楊舜舉式孝子，讓不行。後以孝廉為郎。次子昌，昌弟賜，並為刺史、郡守。式子弘，孝廉。弘生靖。</span>柔留鄉里，謂邑中曰：「今者英雄並起，陳留四戰之地也。曹將軍雖據兖州，本有四方之圖，未得安坐守也。而張府君先得志於陳留，吾恐變乘間作也，欲與諸君避之。」衆人皆以張邈與太祖善，柔又年少，不然其言。柔從兄幹，袁紹甥也，<span class="inlinecomment">謝承後漢書曰：幹字元才。才志弘邈，文武秀出。父躬，蜀郡太守。祖賜，司隷校尉。案陳留耆舊傳及謝承書，幹應為柔從父，非從兄也。未知何者為誤。</span>在河北呼柔，柔舉宗從之。會靖卒於西州，時道路艱澁，兵寇縱橫，而柔冒艱險詣蜀迎喪，辛苦荼毒，無所不嘗，三年乃還。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603048"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603048" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">3</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603048" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603048&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603048"></div>太祖平袁氏，以柔為菅長。縣中素聞其名，姧吏數人皆自引去。柔教曰：「昔邴吉臨政，吏嘗有非，猶尚容之。況此諸吏，於吾未有失乎！其召復之。」咸還，皆自勵，咸為佳吏。高幹旣降，頃之以并州叛。柔自歸太祖，太祖欲因事誅之，以為刺姧令史；處法允當，獄無留滯，辟為丞相倉曹屬。<span class="inlinecomment">魏氏春秋曰：柔旣處法平允，又夙夜匪懈，至擁膝抱文書而寢。太祖嘗夜微出，觀察諸吏，見柔，哀之，徐解裘覆柔而去。自是辟焉。</span>太祖欲遣鍾繇等討張魯，柔諫，以為今猥遣大兵，西有韓遂、馬超，謂為己舉，將相扇動作逆，宜先招集三輔，三輔苟平，漢中可傳檄而定也。繇入關，遂、超等果反。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603049"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603049" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">4</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603049" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603049&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603049"></div>魏國初建，為尚書郎。轉拜丞相理曹掾，令曰：「夫治定之化，以禮為首。撥亂之政，以刑為先。是以舜流四凶族，臯陶作士。漢祖除秦苛法，蕭何定律。掾清識平當，明于憲典，勉恤之哉！」鼓吹宋金等在合肥亡逃。舊法，軍征士亡，考竟其妻子。太祖患猶不息，更重其刑。金有母妻及二弟皆給官，主者奏盡殺之。柔啟曰：「士卒亡軍，誠在可疾，然竊聞其中時有悔者。愚謂乃宜貸其妻子，一可使賊中不信，二可使誘其還心。正如前科，固已絕其意望，而猥復重之，柔恐自今在軍之士，見一人亡逃，誅將及己，亦且相隨而走，不可復得殺也。此重刑非所以止亡，乃所以益走耳。」太祖曰：「善。」即止不殺金母、弟，蒙活者甚衆。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603050"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603050" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">5</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603050" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603050&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603050"></div>遷為潁川太守，復還為法曹掾。時置校事盧洪、趙達等，使察羣下，柔諫曰：「設官分職，各有所司。今置校事，旣非居上信下之旨。又達等數以憎愛擅作威福，宜檢治之。」太祖曰：「卿知達等，恐不如吾也。要能刺舉而辨衆事，使賢人君子為之，則不能也。昔叔孫通用羣盜，良有以也。」達等後姧利發，太祖殺之以謝於柔。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603051"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603051" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">6</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603051" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603051&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603051"></div>文帝踐阼，以柔為治書侍御史，賜爵關內侯，轉加治書執法。民間數有誹謗妖言，帝疾之，有妖言輒殺，而賞告者。柔上疏曰；「今妖言者必戮，告之者輒賞。旣使過誤無反善之路，又將開凶狡之羣相誣罔之漸，誠非所以息姧省訟，緝熈治道也。昔周公作誥，稱殷之祖宗，咸不顧小人之怨。在漢太宗，亦除妖言誹謗之令。臣愚以為宜除妖謗賞告之法，以隆天父養物之仁。」帝不即從，而相誣告者滋甚。帝乃下詔：「敢以誹謗相告者，以所告者罪罪之。」於是遂絕。校事劉慈等，自黃初初數年之閒，舉吏民姧罪以萬數，柔皆請懲虛實；其餘小小挂法者，不過罰金。四年，遷為廷尉。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603052"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603052" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">7</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603052" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603052&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603052"></div>魏初，三公無事，又希與朝政。柔上疏曰：「天地以四時成功，元首以輔弼興治；成湯杖阿衡之佐，文、武憑旦、望之力，逮至漢初，蕭、曹之儔並以元勳代作心膂，此皆明王聖主任臣於上，賢相良輔股肱於下也。今公輔之臣，皆國之棟梁，民所具瞻，而置之三事，不使知政，遂各偃息養高，鮮有進納，誠非朝廷崇用大臣之義，大臣獻可替否之謂也。古者刑政有疑，輒議於槐棘之下。自今之後，朝有疑議及刑獄大事，宜數以咨訪三公。三公朝朔望之日，又可特延入，講論得失，博盡事情，庶有裨起天聽，弘益大化。」帝嘉納焉。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603053"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603053" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">8</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603053" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603053"></div>帝以宿嫌，欲枉法誅治書執法鮑勛，而柔固執不從詔命。帝怒甚，遂召柔詣臺；遣使者承指至廷尉考竟勛，勛死乃遣柔還寺。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603054"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603054" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">9</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603054" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603054&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603054"></div>明帝即位，封柔延壽亭侯。時博士執經，柔上疏曰：「臣聞遵道重學，聖人洪訓；褒文崇儒，帝者明義。昔漢末陵遲，禮樂崩壞，雄戰虎爭，以戰陣為務，遂使儒林之羣，幽隱而不顯。太祖初興，愍其如此，在於撥亂之際，並使郡縣立教學之官。高祖即位，遂闡其業，興復辟雍，州立課試，於是天下之士，復聞庠序之教，親俎豆之禮焉。陛下臨政，允迪叡哲，敷弘大猷，光濟先軌，雖夏啟之承基，周成之繼業，誠無以加也。然今博士皆經明行脩，一國清選，而使遷除限不過長，懼非所以崇顯儒術，帥勵怠惰也。孔子稱『舉善而教不能則勸』，故楚禮申公，學士銳精，漢隆卓茂，搢紳競慕。臣以為博士者，道之淵藪，六藝所宗，宜隨學行優劣，待以不次之位。敦崇道教，以勸學者，於化為弘。」帝納之。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603055"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603055" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">10</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603055" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603055&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603055"></div>後大興殿舍，百姓勞役；廣采衆女，充盈後宮；後宮皇子連夭，繼嗣未育。柔上疏曰：「二虜狡猾，潛自講肄，謀動干戈，未圖束手；宜畜養將士，繕治甲兵，以逸待之。而頃興造殿舍，上下勞擾；若使吳、蜀知人虛實，通謀并勢，復俱送死，甚不易也。昔漢文惜十家之資，不營小臺之娛；去病慮匈奴之害，不遑治第之事。況今所損者非惟百金之費，所憂者非徒北狄之患乎？可粗成見所營立，以充朝宴之儀。訖罷作者，使得就農。二方平定，復可徐興。昔軒轅以二十五子，傳祚彌遠；周室以姬國四十，歷年滋多。陛下聦達，窮理盡性，而頃皇子連多夭逝，熊羆之祥又未感應。羣下之心，莫不悒戚。周禮，天子后妃以下百二十人，嬪嬙之儀，旣以盛矣。竊聞後庭之數，或復過之，聖嗣不昌，殆能由此。臣愚以為可妙簡淑媛，以備內官之數，其餘盡遣還家。且以育精養神，專靜為寶。如此，則螽斯之徵，可庶而致矣。」帝報曰：「知卿忠允，乃心王室，輒克昌言；他復以聞。」<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603056"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603056" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">11</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603056" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603056&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603056"></div>時獵法甚峻。宜陽典農劉龜竊於禁內射兎，其功曹張京詣校事言之。帝匿京名，收龜付獄。柔表請告者名，帝大怒曰：「劉龜當死，乃敢獵吾禁地。送龜廷尉，廷尉便當考掠，何復請告者主名，吾豈妄收龜邪？」柔曰：「廷尉，天下之平也，安得以至尊喜怒而毀法乎？」重復為奏，辭指深切。帝意寤，乃下京名。即還訊，各當其罪。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603057"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603057" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">12</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603057" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603057&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603057"></div>時制，吏遭大喪者，百日後皆給役。有司徒吏解弘遭父喪，後有軍事，受勑當行，以疾病為辭。詔怒曰：「汝非曾、閔，何言毀邪？」促收考竟。柔見弘信甚羸劣，奏陳其事，宜加寬貸。帝乃詔曰：「孝哉弘也！其原之。」<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603058"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603058" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">13</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603058" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603058&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603058"></div>初，公孫淵兄晃，為叔父恭任內侍，先淵未反，數陳其變。及淵謀逆，帝不忍巿斬，欲就獄殺之。柔上疏曰：「書稱『用罪伐厥死，用德彰厥善』，此王制之明典也。晃及妻子叛逆之類，誠應梟縣，勿使遺育。而臣竊聞晃先數自歸，陳淵禍萌，雖為凶族，原心可恕。夫仲尼亮司馬牛之憂，祁奚明叔向之過，在昔之美義也。臣以為晃信有言，宜貸其死；苟自無言，便當巿斬。今進不赦其命，退不彰其罪，閉著囹圄，使自引分，四方觀國，或疑此舉也。」帝不聽，竟遣使齎金屑飲晃及其妻子，賜以棺、衣，殯歛於宅。<span class="inlinecomment">孫盛曰：聞五帝無誥誓之文，三王無盟祝之事，然則盟誓之文，始自三季，質任之作，起於周微。夫貞夫之一，則天地可動，機心內萌，則鷗鳥不下。況信不足焉而祈物之必附，猜生於我而望彼之必懷，何異挾冰求溫，抱炭希涼者哉？且夫要功之倫，陵肆之類，莫不背情任計，昧利忘親，縱懷慈孝之愛，或慮傾身之禍。是以周、鄭交惡，漢高請羹，隗嚻捐子，馬超背父，其為酷忍如此之極也，安在其因質委誠，取任永固哉？世主若能遠覽先王閑邪之至道，近鑒狡肆徇利之凶心，勝之以解網之仁，致之以來蘇之惠，燿之以雷霆之威，潤之以時雨之施，則不恭可歛衽於一朝，炰哮可屈膝於象魏矣。何必拘厥親以來其情，逼所愛以制其命乎？苟不能然，而仗夫計術，籠之以權數，檢之以一切，雖覽一室而庶徵於四海，法生鄙局，兾或半之暫益，自不得不有不忍之刑，以遂孥戮之罰，亦猶瀆盟由乎一人，而云俾墜其師，無克遺育之言耳。豈得復引四罪不及之典，司馬牛獲宥之義乎？假令任者皆不保其父兄，輒有二三之言，曲哀其意而悉活之，則長人子危親自存之悖。子弟雖質，必無刑戮之憂，父兄雖逆，終無勦絕之慮。柔不究明此術非盛王之道，宜開張遠義，蠲此近制，而陳法內之刑以申一人之命，可謂心存小善，非王者之體。古者殺人之中，又有仁焉。刑之於獄，未為失也。臣松之以為辨章事理，貴得當時之宜，無為虛唱大言而終歸無用。浮誕之論，不切於實，猶若畫魑魅之象，而躓於犬馬之形也。質任之興，非防近世，況三方鼎峙，遼東偏遠，羈其親屬以防未然，不為非矣。柔謂晃有先言之善，宜蒙原心之宥。而盛責柔不能開張遠理，蠲此近制。不達此言竟為何謂？若云猜防為非，質任宜廢，是謂應大明先王之道，不預任者生死也。晃之為任，歷年已久，豈得於殺活之際，方論至理之本。是何異叢棘旣繁，事須判決，空論刑措之美，無聞當不之實哉？其為迂闊，亦已甚矣，漢高事窮理迫，權以濟親，而總之酷忍之科，旣已大有所誣。且自古已來，未有子弟妄告父兄以圖全身者，自存之悖，未之或聞。晃以兄告弟，而其事果驗。謂晃應殺，將以遏防。若言之亦死，不言亦死，豈不杜歸善之心，失正刑之中哉？若趙括之母，以先請獲免，鍾會之兄，以密言全子，古今此比，蓋為不少。晃之前言，事同斯例，而獨遇否閉，良可哀哉！</span><p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603059"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603059" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">14</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603059" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603059&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603059"></div>是時，殺禁地鹿者身死，財產沒官，有能覺告者厚加賞賜。柔上疏曰：「聖王之御世，莫不以廣農為務，儉用為資。夫農廣則穀積，用儉則財畜，畜財積穀而有憂患之虞者，未之有也。古者，一夫不耕，或為之饑；一婦不織，或為之寒。中閒已來，百姓供給衆役，親田者旣減，加頃復有獵禁，羣鹿犯暴，殘食生苗，處處為害，所傷不貲。民雖障防，力不能禦。至如熒陽左右，周數百里，歲略不收，元元之命，實可矜傷。方今天下生財者甚少，而麋鹿之損者甚多。卒有兵戎之役，凶年之災，將無以待之。惟陛下覽先聖之所念，愍稼穡之艱難，寬放民間，使得捕鹿，遂除其禁，則衆庶久濟，莫不恱預矣。」<span class="inlinecomment">魏名臣奏載柔上疏曰：「臣深思陛下所以不早取此鹿者，誠欲使極蕃息，然後大取以為軍國之用。然臣竊以為今鹿但有日耗，終無從得多也。何以知之？今禁地廣輪且千餘里，臣下計無慮其中有虎大小六百頭，狼有五百頭，狐萬頭。使大虎一頭三日食一鹿，一虎一歲百二十鹿，是為六百頭虎一歲食七萬二千頭鹿也。使十狼日共食一鹿，是為五百頭狼一歲共食萬八千頭鹿。鹿子始生，未能善走，使十狐一日共食一子，比至健走一月之間，是為萬狐一月共食鹿子三萬頭也。大凡一歲所食十二萬頭。其鵰鶚所害，臣置不計。以此推之，終無從得多，不如早取之為便也。」</span><p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603060"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603060" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">15</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603060" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603060&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603060"></div>頃之，護軍營士竇禮近出不還。營以為亡，表言逐捕，沒其妻盈及男女為官奴婢。盈連至州府，稱冤自訟，莫有省者。乃辭詣廷尉。柔問曰：「汝何以知夫不亡？」盈垂泣對曰：「夫少單特，養一老嫗為母，事甚恭謹，又哀兒女，撫視不離，非是輕狡不顧室家者也。」柔重問曰：「汝夫不與人有怨讎乎？」對曰：「夫良善，與人無讎。」又曰：「汝夫不與人交錢財乎？」對曰：「嘗出錢與同營士焦子文，求不得。」時子文適坐小事繫獄，柔乃見子文，問所坐。言次，曰：「汝頗曾舉人錢不？」子文曰：「自以單貧，初不敢舉人錢物也。」柔察子文色動，遂曰：「汝昔舉竇禮錢，何言不邪？」子文恠知事露，應對不次。柔曰：「汝已殺禮，便宜早服。」子文於是叩頭，具首殺禮本末，埋藏處所。柔便遣吏卒，承子文辭往掘禮，即得其屍。詔書復盈母子為平民。班下天下，以禮為戒。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603061"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603061" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">16</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603061" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603061&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">高柔傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603061"></div>在官二十三年，轉為太常，旬日遷司空，後徙司徒。太傅司馬宣王奏免曹爽，皇太后詔召柔假節行大將軍事，據爽營。太傅謂柔曰：「君為周勃矣。」爽誅，進封萬歲鄉侯。高貴鄉公即位，進封安國侯，轉為太尉。常道鄉公即位，增邑并前四千，前後封二子亭侯。景元四年，年九十薨，謚曰元侯。孫渾嗣。咸熈中，開建五等，以柔等著勳前朝，改封渾昌陸子。<span class="inlinecomment">晉諸公贊曰：柔長子儁，大將軍掾，次誕，歷三州刺史、太僕。誕放率不倫，而決烈過人。次光，字宣茂，少習家業，明練法理。晉武帝世，為黃沙御史，與中丞同，遷守廷尉，後即真。兄誕與光異操，謂光小節，常輕侮之，而光事誕愈謹。終於尚書令。追贈司空。</span><p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> </table><table width='100%'><tr><td><h2>《<a href="text.pl?node=603062&if=en" class="popup">孫禮傳</a>》</h2></td><td></td><td align='right'> <a href="#" class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" onClick="if(document.getElementById('listscans603062').style.display!='block') {document.getElementById('listscans603062').style.display='block'; } else {document.getElementById('listscans603062').style.display='none';} return false;">Library Resources</a><div id="listscans603062" style="display: none; position: relative; width: 300px; margin: 5px; "><span class="etext" style="display: block; width: 300px; background: #DDDDDD; border: 2px solid; text-align: left; position: absolute; z-index: 50;"><a href="library.pl?if=en&file=79597&page=80"><b>底本：《武英殿二十四史》本《三國志》：孫禮傳</b></a><br /><div style="width: 100%; text-align: right;">[<a href="library.pl?if=en&node=601873">Show all</a>]</div></span><div style="clear: both; width: 300px;"></div></div></td></tr></table> <div id="comm603062"></div><table border="0"> <tr id="n603063"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603063" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">1</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603063" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603063&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">孫禮傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603063"></div>孫禮字德達，涿郡容城人也。太祖平幽州，召為司空軍謀掾。初喪亂時，禮與母相失，同郡馬台求得禮母，禮推家財盡以與台。台後坐法當死，禮私導令踰獄自首，旣而曰：「臣無逃亡之義。」徑詣刺姧主簿溫恢。恢嘉之，具白太祖，各減死一等。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603064"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603064" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">2</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603064" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603064&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">孫禮傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603064"></div>後除河間郡丞，稍遷熒陽都尉。魯山中賊數百人，保固險阻，為民作害；乃徙禮為魯相。禮至官，出俸穀，發吏民，募首級，招納降附，使還為閒，應時平泰。歷山陽、平原、平昌、琅邪太守。從大司馬曹休征吳於夾石，禮諫以為不可深入，不從而敗。遷陽平太守，入為尚書。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603065"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603065" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">3</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603065" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603065&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">孫禮傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603065"></div>明帝方脩宮室，而節氣不和，天下少穀。禮固爭，罷役，詔曰：「敬納讜言，促遣民作。」時李惠監作，復奏留一月，有所成訖。禮徑至作所，不復重奏，稱詔罷民，帝奇其意而不責也。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603066"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603066" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">4</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603066" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603066&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">孫禮傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603066"></div>帝獵於大石山，虎趨乘輿，禮便投鞭下馬，欲奮劒斫虎，詔令禮上馬。明帝臨崩之時，以曹爽為大將軍，宜得良佐，於牀下受遺詔，拜禮大將軍長史，加散騎常侍。禮亮直不撓，爽弗便也，以為揚州刺史，加伏波將軍，賜爵關內侯。吳大將全琮帥數萬衆來侵寇，時州兵休使，在者無幾。禮躬勒衞兵禦之，戰於芍陂，自旦及暮，將士死傷過半。禮犯蹈白刃，馬被數創，手秉枹鼓，奮不顧身，賊衆乃退。詔書慰勞，賜絹七百匹。禮為死事者設祀哭臨，哀號發心，皆以絹付亡者家，無以入身。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603067"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603067" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">5</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603067" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603067&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">孫禮傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603067"></div>徵拜少府，出為荊州刺史，遷兾州牧。太傅司馬宣王謂禮曰：「今清河、平原爭界八年，更二刺史，靡能決之；虞、芮待文王而了，宜善令分明。」禮曰：「訟者據墟墓為驗，聽者以先老為正，而老者不可加以榎楚，又墟墓或遷就高敞，或徙避仇讎。如今所聞，雖臯陶猶將為難。若欲使必也無訟，當以烈祖初封平原時圖決之。何必推古問故，以益辭訟？昔成王以桐葉戲叔虞，周公便以封之。今圖藏在天府，便可於坐上斷也，豈待到州乎？」宣王曰：「是也。當別下圖。」禮到，案圖宜屬平原。而曹爽信清河言，下書云：「圖不可用，當參異同。」禮上疏曰：「管仲霸者之佐，其器又小，猶能奪伯氏駢邑，使沒齒無怨言。臣受牧伯之任，奉聖朝明圖，驗地著之界，界實以王翁河為限；而鄃以馬丹候為驗，詐以鳴犢河為界。假虛訟訴，疑誤臺閣。竊聞衆口鑠金，浮石沈木，三人成巿虎，慈母投其杼。今二郡爭界八年，一朝決之者，緣有解書圖畫，可得尋案擿校也。平原在兩河，向東上，其閒有爵隄，爵隄在高唐西南，所爭地在高唐西北，相去二十餘里，可謂長歎息流涕者也。案解與圖奏而鄃不受詔，此臣軟弱不勝其任，臣亦何顏尸祿素餐。」輒束帶著履，駕車待放。爽見禮奏，大怒。劾禮怨望，結刑五歲。在家期年，衆人多以為言，除城門校尉。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603068"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603068" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">6</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603068" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603068&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">孫禮傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603068"></div>時匈奴王劉靖部衆彊盛，而鮮卑數寇邊，乃以禮為并州刺史，加振武將軍，使持節，護匈奴中郎將。往見太傅司馬宣王，有忿色而無言。宣王曰：「卿得并州，少邪？恚理分界失分乎？今當遠別，何不懽也！」禮曰：「何明公言之乖細也！禮雖不德，豈以官位往事為意邪？本謂明公齊蹤伊、呂，匡輔魏室，上報明帝之託，下建萬世之勳。今社稷將危，天下兇兇，此禮之所以不恱也。」因涕泣橫流。宣王曰：「且止，忍不可忍。」爽誅後，入為司隷校尉，凡臨七郡五州，皆有威信。遷司空，封大利亭侯，邑一百戶。禮與盧毓同郡時輩，而情好不睦。為人雖互有長短，然名位略齊云。嘉平二年薨，謚曰景侯。孫元嗣。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> </table><table width='100%'><tr><td><h2>《<a href="text.pl?node=603069&if=en" class="popup">王觀傳</a>》</h2></td><td></td><td align='right'> <a href="#" class="etext" style="font-weight: bold;" onClick="if(document.getElementById('listscans603069').style.display!='block') {document.getElementById('listscans603069').style.display='block'; } else {document.getElementById('listscans603069').style.display='none';} return false;">Library Resources</a><div id="listscans603069" style="display: none; position: relative; width: 300px; margin: 5px; "><span class="etext" style="display: block; width: 300px; background: #DDDDDD; border: 2px solid; text-align: left; position: absolute; z-index: 50;"><a href="library.pl?if=en&file=79596&page=83"><b>底本：《武英殿二十四史》本《三國志》：王觀傳</b></a><br /><div style="width: 100%; text-align: right;">[<a href="library.pl?if=en&node=601873">Show all</a>]</div></span><div style="clear: both; width: 300px;"></div></div></td></tr></table> <div id="comm603069"></div><table border="0"> <tr id="n603070"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603070" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">1</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603070" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603070&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">王觀傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603070"></div>王觀字偉臺，東郡廩丘人也。少孤貧勵志，太祖召為丞相文學掾，出為高唐、陽泉、酇、任令，所在稱治。文帝踐阼，入為尚書郎、廷尉監，出為南陽、涿郡太守。涿北接鮮卑，數有寇盜，觀令邊民十家已上，屯居，築京候。時或有不願者，觀乃假遣朝吏，使歸助子弟，不與期會，但勑事訖各還。於是吏民相率不督自勸，旬日之中，一時俱成。守禦有備，寇鈔以息。明帝即位，下詔書使郡縣條為劇、中、平者。主者欲言郡為中平，觀教曰：「此郡濵近外虜，數有寇害，云何不為劇邪？」主者曰：「若郡為外劇，恐於明府有任子。」觀曰：「夫君者，所以為民也。今郡在外劇，則於役條當有降差。豈可為太守之私而負一郡之民乎？」遂言為外劇郡，後送任子詣鄴。時觀但有一子而又幼弱。其公心如此。觀治身清素，帥下以儉，僚屬承風，莫不自勵。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603071"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603071" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">2</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603071" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div><div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="text.pl?node=603071&if=en&show=parallel" class="sprite-parallel" title="Show parallel passages" >Show parallel passages<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">王觀傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603071"></div>明帝幸許昌，召觀為治書侍御史，典行臺獄。時多有倉卒喜怒，而觀不阿意順指。太尉司馬宣王請觀為從事中郎，遷為尚書，出為河南尹，徙少府。大將軍曹爽使材官張達斫家屋材，及諸私用之物，觀聞知，皆錄奪以沒官。少府統三尚方御府內藏玩弄之寶，爽等奢放，多有干求，憚觀守法，乃徙為太僕。司馬宣王誅爽，使觀行中領軍，據爽弟羲營，賜爵關內侯，復為尚書，加駙馬都尉。高貴鄉公即位，封中鄉亭侯。頃之，加光祿大夫，轉為右僕射。常道鄉公即位，進封陽鄉侯，增邑千戶，并前二千五百戶。遷司空，固辭，不許，遣使即第拜授。就官數日，上送印綬，輒自輿歸里舍。薨于家，遺令藏足容棺，不設明器，不封不樹。謚曰肅侯。子悝嗣。咸熈中，開建五等，以觀著勳前朝，改封悝膠東子。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> <tr id="n603072"><td align="right" valign="top" style="width: 50px; text-align: left;"><a href="sanguozhi/24#n603072" class="popup" style="font-size: 12pt;">3</a> <div style="display: inline-block; zoom: 1; *display: inline;'"><a href="dictionary.pl?if=en&id=603072" class="sprite-more" title="Jump to dictionary" rel="nofollow">Jump to dictionary<div style="display: inline;"></div></a></div></td><td valign="top" style="white-space: nowrap; color: #777777;" class="ctext opt">王觀傳:</td><td class="ctext"> <div id="comm603072"></div>評曰：韓曁處以靜居行化，出以任職流稱；崔林簡樸知能；高柔明於法理；孫禮剛斷伉厲；王觀清勁貞白：咸克致公輔。及曁年過八十，起家就列；柔保官二十年，元老終位：比之徐邈、常林，於茲為疚矣。<p class="ctext"></p></td></tr> </table><div style="margin-right: 10px;"></div><div style="width: 100%; clear: both;"></div><style>.urnlabel {opacity: 0.2; float: right;} .urnlabel:hover { opacity: 0.8;}</style><div class="urnlabel etext"><a href="tools/api#urn" class="noul">URN</a>: <span title="This is the CTP URN that uniquely identifies this textual resource.">ctp:sanguozhi/24</span></div><div style="clear: both"></div></div> </div> <div id="footer"><hr /> <table width="100%"> <tr> <td valign="top"> <table border="0"><tr><td class="etext"><b>Enjoy<span class="opt"> this site</span>? <a href="help-us">Please help</a>.</b></td><td class="etext"><i>Site design and content <a href="faq#copyright">copyright 2006-2025</a>.<span 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