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extremity</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: lower extremity"> <meta name="keywords" content="lower extremity"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="lower extremity"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5766</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: lower extremity</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5766</span> Body Perception and Self-Esteem in Individuals Performing Bodybuilding Exercise Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yildiz%20Erdoganoglu">Yildiz Erdoganoglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unzile%20Tunc"> Unzile Tunc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of body, upper extremity, lower extremity endurance, and core functionality with body perception and self-esteem in individuals who applied for a bodybuilding exercise program. Forty volunteer male subjects who underwent bodybuilding exercises for one year or more were included in the study. After obtaining demographic information of the individuals, trunk endurance was evaluated by curl-up and modified Sorensen test, upper extremity endurance by push-up test, lower extremity endurance by repeated squat test, core functionalities by single-leg wall sitting and repeated single-leg squatting tests. body perception, body image perception scale, and self-esteem were evaluated with Rosenberg self-esteem scale. The mean age of the individuals was 25.60 ± 4.70 years, mean exercise time was 22.47 ± 34.60 months. At the end of the study, body perception was low, and self-esteem was moderate. There was no significant relationship between abdominal endurance, back extensor endurance, upper extremity, and lower extremity endurance, core functionality, and body perception (p > 0.05). Also, there was no significant relationship between abdominal extensor, back extensor, upper extremity and lower extremity endurance, core functionality, and self-esteem (p > 0.05). The body, upper and lower extremity endurance, and core functionality of bodybuilders did not have any effect on body perception and self-esteem, suggesting that these individuals did not contribute positively to their efforts to improve their body perception and self- esteem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20endurance" title="body endurance">body endurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20perception" title=" body perception"> body perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20functionality" title=" core functionality"> core functionality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20esteem" title=" self esteem"> self esteem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116032/body-perception-and-self-esteem-in-individuals-performing-bodybuilding-exercise-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116032.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5765</span> Lower Extremity Injuries and Landing Kinematics and Kinetics in University-Level Netball Players</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henriette%20Hammill">Henriette Hammill</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Safe landing in netball is fundamental. Research on the biomechanics of multidirectional landings is lacking, especially among netball players. Furthermore, few studies reporting the associations between lower extremity injuries and landing kinematics and kinetics in university-level netball players have been undertaken. Objectives: The aim is to determine the relationships between lower extremity injuries and landing kinematics and kinetics in university-level netball players that have been undertaken during a single season. Methods: This cross-sectional repeated measure study consisted of ten university-level female netball players. The injury prevalence data was collected during the 2022 netball season. The kinematic and kinetic data were collected during multidirectional single-leg landing trials and was collected. Results: Generally, the ankle strength of netball players was below average. There was evidence of negative correlations between the ankle range of motion (ROM), and muscle activity amplitudes. A lack of evidence precluded the conclusion that lower extremity dominance was a predisposing factor for injury and that any specific body part was most likely to be injured among netball players. Conclusion: Landing forces and muscle activity are direction-dependent, especially for the dominant extremity. Lower extremity strength and neuromuscular control (NMC) across multiple jump-landing directions should be an area of focus for female netball players. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=netball%20players" title="netball players">netball players</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landing%20kinetics" title=" landing kinetics"> landing kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landing%20kinematics" title=" landing kinematics"> landing kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20extremity" title=" lower extremity"> lower extremity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186793/lower-extremity-injuries-and-landing-kinematics-and-kinetics-in-university-level-netball-players" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5764</span> Dynamic Analysis and Design of Lower Extremity Power-Assisted Exoskeleton</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Shengli">Song Shengli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tan%20Zhitao"> Tan Zhitao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Qing"> Li Qing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fang%20Husheng"> Fang Husheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ye%20Qing"> Ye Qing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Xinglong"> Zhang Xinglong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lower extremity power-assisted exoskeleton (LEPEX) is a kind of wearable electromechanical integration intelligent system, walking in synchronization with the wearer, which can assist the wearer walk by means of the driver mounted in the exoskeleton on each joint. In this paper, dynamic analysis and design of the LEPEX are performed. First of all, human walking process is divided into single leg support phase, double legs support phase and ground collision model. The three kinds of dynamics modeling is established using the Lagrange method. Then, the flat walking and climbing stairs dynamic information such as torque and power of lower extremity joints is derived for loading 75kg according to scholar Stansfield measured data of flat walking and scholars R. Riener measured data of climbing stair respectively. On this basis, the joint drive way in the sagittal plane is determined, and the structure of LEPEX is designed. Finally, the designed LEPEX is simulated under ADAMS by using a person’s joint sports information acquired under flat walking and climbing stairs. The simulation result effectively verified the correctness of the structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematics" title="kinematics">kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20extremity%20exoskeleton" title=" lower extremity exoskeleton"> lower extremity exoskeleton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure" title=" structure "> structure </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20105/dynamic-analysis-and-design-of-lower-extremity-power-assisted-exoskeleton" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5763</span> Association of Extremity Injuries with Safety Gear and Clothing of Hospitalized Motorcycle Riders: A Prospective Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjaya%20N.%20Munasinghe">Sanjaya N. Munasinghe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Gnanasekeram"> R. Gnanasekeram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimuthu%20Tennakoon"> Dimuthu Tennakoon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the last few years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of motorcyclists in Sri Lankan roads and thus an increase of motorcycle accidents (MCAs) with a heavy death and casualty toll. Extremity injuries due to MCAs cause a heavy burden on government hospitals. However, data on MCA injuries are limited. This study tries to determine the relationship between extremity injuries with protective gears and clothing motorcycle riders were wearing at the time of the accident. Data were collected from 410 motorcycle riders and passengers involved with MCAs and admitted to orthopedic and emergency observation wards in Teaching Hospital Kurunegala with extremity injuries between 1st February 2015 and 31st July 2015 using an interviewer administered questioner. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Distal radial fracture is the most common upper extremity injury (12%), and Tibial fracture is the most common and severe lower extremity injury (23%). Very few participants were wearing safety gloves (2%) and jackets (10%). Most of the participants were wearing slippers (66%), short sleeved upper clothing (96%) and light cloth trousers (49%). According to Chi-square test associations were found between footwear and foot injuries (p-value - 0.001, Cramer's v-value - 0.203) and safety jacket and upper extremity injuries (p-value - 0.002, Cramer's v-value - 0.177). The results indicate that using safety gear can minimize the number of injuries in MCA victims. Thus it is necessary to ensure that motorcycle riders and pillion riders use proper safety gear. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extremity%20injuries" title="extremity injuries">extremity injuries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractures" title=" fractures"> fractures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motorcycle%20accidents" title=" motorcycle accidents"> motorcycle accidents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20gear" title=" safety gear"> safety gear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64296/association-of-extremity-injuries-with-safety-gear-and-clothing-of-hospitalized-motorcycle-riders-a-prospective-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5762</span> Prosthesis Design for Bilateral Hip Disarticulation Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mauricio%20Plaza">Mauricio Plaza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Willian%20Aperador"> Willian Aperador</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hip disarticulation is an amputation through the hip joint capsule, removing the entire lower extremity, with a closure of the remaining musculature over the exposed acetabulum. Tumors of the distal and proximal femur were treated by total femur resection; a hip disarticulation sometimes is a performance for massive trauma with crush injuries to the lower extremity. This article discusses the design a system for rehabilitation of a patient with bilateral hip disarticulations. The prosthetics designed allowed the patient to do natural gait suspended between parallel articulate crutches with the body weight support between the crutches. The care of this patient was a challenge due to bilateral amputations at such a high level and the special needs of a patient mobility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amputation" title="amputation">amputation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prosthesis" title=" prosthesis"> prosthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title=" mobility"> mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemipelvectomy" title=" hemipelvectomy "> hemipelvectomy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6854/prosthesis-design-for-bilateral-hip-disarticulation-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5761</span> The Effect of Foot Progression Angle on Human Lower Extremity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungpil%20Ha">Sungpil Ha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju%20Yong%20Kang"> Ju Yong Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangbaek%20Park"> Sangbaek Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung-Ju%20Lee"> Seung-Ju Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo-Won%20Chae"> Soo-Won Chae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing number of obese patients in aging societies has led to an increase in the number of patients with knee medial osteoarthritis (OA). Artificial joint insertion is the most common treatment for knee medial OA. Surgery is effective for patients with serious arthritic symptoms, but it is costly and dangerous. It is also inappropriate way to prevent a disease as an early stage. Therefore Non-operative treatments such as toe-in gait are proposed recently. Toe-in gait is one of non-surgical interventions, which restrain the progression of arthritis and relieves pain by reducing knee adduction moment (KAM) to facilitate lateral distribution of load on to knee medial cartilage. Numerous studies have measured KAM in various foot progression angle (FPA), and KAM data could be obtained by motion analysis. However, variations in stress at knee cartilage could not be directly observed or evaluated by these experiments of measuring KAM. Therefore, this study applied motion analysis to major gait points (1st peak, mid –stance, 2nd peak) with regard to FPA, and to evaluate the effects of FPA on the human lower extremity, the finite element (FE) method was employed. Three types of gait analysis (toe-in, toe-out, baseline gait) were performed with markers placed at the lower extremity. Ground reaction forces (GRF) were obtained by the force plates. The forces associated with the major muscles were computed using GRF and marker trajectory data. MRI data provided by the Visible Human Project were used to develop a human lower extremity FE model. FE analyses for three types of gait simulations were performed based on the calculated muscle force and GRF. We observed the maximum stress point during toe-in gait was lower than the other types, by comparing the results of FE analyses at the 1st peak across gait types. This is the same as the trend exhibited by KAM, measured through motion analysis in other papers. This indicates that the progression of knee medial OA could be suppressed by adopting toe-in gait. This study integrated motion analysis with FE analysis. One advantage of this method is that re-modeling is not required even with changes in posture. Therefore another type of gait simulation or various motions of lower extremity can be easily analyzed using this method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait%20analysis" title=" gait analysis"> gait analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20model" title=" human model"> human model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20capture" title=" motion capture"> motion capture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44665/the-effect-of-foot-progression-angle-on-human-lower-extremity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5760</span> A Top-down vs a Bottom-up Approach on Lower Extremity Motor Recovery and Balance Following Acute Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijaya%20Kumar">Vijaya Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidayasagar%20Pagilla"> Vidayasagar Pagilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abraham%20Joshua"> Abraham Joshua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakshith%20Kedambadi"> Rakshith Kedambadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prasanna%20Mithra"> Prasanna Mithra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Post stroke rehabilitation are aimed to accelerate for optimal sensorimotor recovery, functional gain and to reduce long-term dependency. Intensive physical therapy interventions can enhance this recovery as experience-dependent neural plastic changes either directly act at cortical neural networks or at distal peripheral level (muscular components). Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES), a traditional bottom-up approach, mirror therapy (MT), a relatively new top down approach have found to be an effective adjuvant treatment methods for lower extremity motor and functional recovery in stroke rehabilitation. However there is a scarcity of evidence to compare their therapeutic gain in stroke recovery.Aim: To compare the efficacy of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and mirror therapy (MT) in very early phase of post stroke rehabilitation addressed to lower extremity motor recovery and balance. Design: observer blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Setting: Neurorehabilitation Unit, Department of Physical Therapy, Tertiary Care Hospitals. Subjects: 32 acute stroke subjects with first episode of unilateral stroke with hemiparesis, referred for rehabilitation (onset < 3 weeks), Brunnstorm lower extremity recovery stages ≥3 and MMSE score more than 24 were randomized into two group [Group A-NMES and Group B-MT]. Interventions: Both the groups received eclectic approach to remediate lower extremity recovery which includes treatment components of Roods, Bobath and Motor learning approaches for 30 minutes a day for 6 days. Following which Group A (N=16) received 30 minutes of surface NMES training for six major paretic muscle groups (gluteus maximus and medius,quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius). Group B (N=16) was administered with 30 minutes of mirror therapy sessions to facilitate lower extremity motor recovery. Outcome measures: Lower extremity motor recovery, balance and activities of daily life (ADLs) were measured by Fugyl Meyer Assessment (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Barthel Index (BI) before and after intervention. Results: Pre Post analysis of either group across the time revealed statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001) for all the outcome variables for the either group. All parameters of NMES had greater change scores compared to MT group as follows: FMA-LE (25.12±3.01 vs. 23.31±2.38), BBS (35.12±4.61 vs. 34.68±5.42) and BI (40.00±10.32 vs. 37.18±7.73). Between the groups comparison of pre post values showed no significance with FMA-LE (p=0.09), BBS (p=0.80) and BI (p=0.39) respectively. Conclusion: Though either groups had significant improvement (pre to post intervention), none of them were superior to other in lower extremity motor recovery and balance among acute stroke subjects. We conclude that eclectic approach is an effective treatment irrespective of NMES or MT as an adjunct. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance" title="balance">balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20recovery" title=" motor recovery"> motor recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mirror%20therapy" title=" mirror therapy"> mirror therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuromuscular%20electrical%20stimulation" title=" neuromuscular electrical stimulation"> neuromuscular electrical stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64024/a-top-down-vs-a-bottom-up-approach-on-lower-extremity-motor-recovery-and-balance-following-acute-stroke-a-randomized-clinical-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5759</span> The Effects of Mirror Therapy on Clinical Improvement in Hemiplegic Lower Extremity Rehabilitation in Subjects with Chronic Stroke</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Abo-Salem">Hassan Abo-Salem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Xiaolin"> Huang Xiaolin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Purpose: The effectiveness of mirror therapy (MT) has been investigated in acute hemiplegia. The present study examines whether MT, given during chronic stroke, was more effective in promoting motor recovery of the lower extremity and walking speed than standard rehabilitation alone. Methods: The study enrolled 30 patients with chronic stroke. Fifteen patients each were assigned to the treatment group and the control group. All patients received a conventional rehabilitation program for a 4-week period. In addition to this rehabilitation program, patients in the treatment group received mirror therapy for 4 weeks, 5 days a week. Main measures: Passive ankle joint dorsiflexion range of motion, gait speed, Brunnstrom stages of motor recovery, plantarflexor muscle tone by Modified Ashworth Scale. Results: Results: No significant difference was found in the outcome measures among groups before treatment. When compared with standard rehabilitation, mirror therapy improved Ankle ROM, Brunnstrom stages and waking speed (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between two groups on MAS (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Mirror therapy combined with a conventional stroke rehabilitation program enhances lower-extremity motor recovery and walking speed in chronic stroke patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mirror%20therapy" title="mirror therapy">mirror therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAS" title=" MAS"> MAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walking%20speed" title=" walking speed"> walking speed</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24262/the-effects-of-mirror-therapy-on-clinical-improvement-in-hemiplegic-lower-extremity-rehabilitation-in-subjects-with-chronic-stroke" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">507</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5758</span> Optimization of the Control Scheme for Human Extremity Exoskeleton</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Li">Yang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaorong%20Guan"> Xiaorong Guan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng%20Xu"> Cheng Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to design a suitable control scheme for human extremity exoskeleton, the interaction force control scheme with traditional PI controller was presented, and the simulation study of the electromechanical system of the human extremity exoskeleton was carried out by using a MATLAB/Simulink module. By analyzing the simulation calculation results, it was shown that the traditional PI controller is not very suitable for every movement speed of human body. So, at last the fuzzy self-adaptive PI controller was presented to solve this problem. Eventually, the superiority and feasibility of the fuzzy self-adaptive PI controller was proved by the simulation results and experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20extremity%20exoskeleton" title="human extremity exoskeleton">human extremity exoskeleton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interaction%20force%20control%20scheme" title=" interaction force control scheme"> interaction force control scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20study" title=" simulation study"> simulation study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20self-adaptive%20pi%20controller" title=" fuzzy self-adaptive pi controller"> fuzzy self-adaptive pi controller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=man-machine%20coordinated%20walking" title=" man-machine coordinated walking"> man-machine coordinated walking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bear%20payload" title=" bear payload"> bear payload</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53441/optimization-of-the-control-scheme-for-human-extremity-exoskeleton" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5757</span> Shoulder-Arm Mobility and Upper and Lower Extremity Muscle Function are Impaired in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Bringby">F. Bringby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Nordin"> A. Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Bj%C3%B6rn%C3%A5dal"> L. Björnådal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Svenungsson"> E. Svenungsson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Bostr%C3%B6m"> C. Boström</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H%20Alexanderson"> H Alexanderson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have reduced hand function and self-reported limitations in daily activities. Few studies have explored limitations in shoulder-arm mobility and muscle function, or if there are differences in physical function between diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) and limited cutaneous (lcSSc) SSc. The purpose of this study was to describe objectively assessed shoulder-arm mobility, lower extremity muscle function and muscle endurance in SSc and evaluate possible differences between lcSSc and dcSSc. 121 patients with SSc were included in this cross sectional study. Shoulder-arm mobility were examined using the Shoulder Function Assessment Scale (SFA) including 5 tasks ,lower extremity muscle function was measured by Timed stands test (TST) and muscle endurance in shoulder- and hip flexors were assessed by the Functional Index 2 (FI-2). Patients with dcSSc had median SFA hand to back score 5 (4-6) and median “hand to seat” score of 5 (4-6) compared to patients with lcSSc with corresponding median values of 6 (4-6) and 6 (5-6) respectively (p<0.01-p<0.05). 50% of both patientsgroups had lower muscle function assessed by the TST compared to age- and gender matched reference values but there were no differences in TST between the two patient groups. There was no difference in FI-2 scores between dcSSc and lcSSc. The whole group had 40 (28-83) % and 38 (32-72) % of maximal FI-2 shoulder flexion score on the right and left sides, and 40 (23-63) % and 37 (23-62) % of maximal FI-2 hip flexion score on the right and left sides. Reference values for the FI-2 indicate that healthy individuals perform in mean 100 % of maximal score. Patients with dcSSc were more limited than patients with lcSSc. Patients with SSc have reduced muscle function compared to reference values. These results highlights the importance of assessing shoulder-arm mobility and muscle function as well as a need for further research to identify exercise interventions to target these limitations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffuse" title="diffuse">diffuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limited" title=" limited"> limited</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title=" mobility"> mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20function" title=" muscle function"> muscle function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20therapy" title=" physical therapy"> physical therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20sclerosis" title=" systemic sclerosis"> systemic sclerosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19799/shoulder-arm-mobility-and-upper-and-lower-extremity-muscle-function-are-impaired-in-patients-with-systemic-sclerosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5756</span> Designing and Using a 3-D Printed Dynamic Upper Extremity Orthosis (DUEO) with Children with Cerebral Palsy and Severe Upper Extremity Involvement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justin%20Lee">Justin Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siraj%20Shaikh"> Siraj Shaikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alice%20Chu%20MD"> Alice Chu MD</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Children with cerebral palsy (CP) commonly present with upper extremity impairment, affecting one or both extremities, and are classified using the Manual Ability Classification Scale (MACS). The MACS defines bimanual hand abilities for children ages 4-18 years in everyday tasks and is a gradient scale, with I being nearly normal and V requiring total assistance. Children with more severe upper extremity impairment (MACS III-V) are often underrepresented, and relatively few effective therapies have been identified for these patients. Current orthoses are static and are only meant to prevent the progression of contractures in these patients. Other limitations include cost, comfort, accessibility, and longevity of the orthoses. Taking advantage of advances in 3D printing technology, we have created a highly customizable upper extremity orthotic that can be produced at a low cost. Iterations in our design have resulted in an orthotic that is custom fit to the patient based on scans of their arm, made of rigid polymer when needed to provide support, flexible material where appropriate to allow for comfort, and designed with a mechanical pulley system to allow for some functional use of the arm while in the orthotic. Preliminary data has shown that our orthotic can be built at a fraction of the cost of current orthoses and provide clinically significant improvement in assisting hand assessment (AHA) and pediatric quality of life scores (PedsQL). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20extremity%20orthosis" title="upper extremity orthosis">upper extremity orthosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20extremity" title=" upper extremity"> upper extremity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthosis" title=" orthosis"> orthosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-D%20printing" title=" 3-D printing"> 3-D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cerebral%20palsy" title=" cerebral palsy"> cerebral palsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20therapy" title=" occupational therapy"> occupational therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spasticity" title=" spasticity"> spasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customizable" title=" customizable"> customizable</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144291/designing-and-using-a-3-d-printed-dynamic-upper-extremity-orthosis-dueo-with-children-with-cerebral-palsy-and-severe-upper-extremity-involvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5755</span> Virtual Reality in COVID-19 Stroke Rehabilitation: Preliminary Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kasra%20Afsahi">Kasra Afsahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Soheilifar"> Maryam Soheilifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Hossein%20Hosseini"> S. Hossein Hosseini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: There is growing evidence that Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) can be a consequence of Covid-19 infection. Understanding novel treatment approaches are important in optimizing patient outcomes. Case: This case explores the use of Virtual Reality (VR) in the treatment of a 23-year-old COVID-positive female presenting with left hemiparesis in August 2020. Imaging showed right globus pallidus, thalamus, and internal capsule ischemic stroke. Conventional rehabilitation was started two weeks later, with virtual reality (VR) included. This game-based virtual reality (VR) technology developed for stroke patients was based on upper extremity exercises and functions for stroke. Physical examination showed left hemiparesis with muscle strength 3/5 in the upper extremity and 4/5 in the lower extremity. The range of motion of the shoulder was 90-100 degrees. The speech exam showed a mild decrease in fluency. Mild lower lip dynamic asymmetry was seen. Babinski was positive on the left. Gait speed was decreased (75 steps per minute). Intervention: Our game-based VR system was developed based on upper extremity physiotherapy exercises for post-stroke patients to increase the active, voluntary movement of the upper extremity joints and improve the function. The conventional program was initiated with active exercises, shoulder sanding for joint ROMs, walking shoulder, shoulder wheel, and combination movements of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist joints, alternative flexion-extension, pronation-supination movements, Pegboard and Purdo pegboard exercises. Also, fine movements included smart gloves, biofeedback, finger ladder, and writing. The difficulty of the game increased at each stage of the practice with progress in patient performances. Outcome: After 6 weeks of treatment, gait and speech were normal and upper extremity strength was improved to near normal status. No adverse effects were noted. Conclusion: This case suggests that VR is a useful tool in the treatment of a patient with covid-19 related CVA. The safety of newly developed instruments for such cases provides new approaches to improve the therapeutic outcomes and prognosis as well as increased satisfaction rate among patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=covid-19" title="covid-19">covid-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title=" virtual reality"> virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145498/virtual-reality-in-covid-19-stroke-rehabilitation-preliminary-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5754</span> A Comparison of the Microbiology Profile for Periprosthetic Joint Infection (PJI) of Knee Arthroplasty and Lower Limb Endoprostheses in Tumour Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirul%20Adlan">Amirul Adlan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20A%20McCulloch"> Robert A McCulloch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Jenkins"> Neil Jenkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIchael%20Parry"> MIchael Parry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20Stevenson"> Jonathan Stevenson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee%20Jeys"> Lee Jeys</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and Objectives: The current antibiotic prophylaxis for oncological patients is based upon evidence from primary arthroplasty despite significant differences in both patient group and procedure. The aim of this study was to compare the microbiology organisms responsible for PJI in patients who underwent two-stage revision for infected primary knee replacement with those of infected oncological endoprostheses of the lower limb in a single institution. This will subsequently guide decision making regarding antibiotic prophylaxis at primary implantation for oncological procedures and empirical antibiotics for infected revision procedures (where the infecting organism(s) are unknown). Patient and Methods: 118 patients were treated with two-stage revision surgery for infected knee arthroplasty and lower limb endoprostheses between 1999 and 2019. 74 patients had two-stage revision for PJI of knee arthroplasty, and 44 had two-stage revision of lower limb endoprostheses. There were 68 males and 50 females. The mean age for the knee arthroplasty cohort and lower limb endoprostheses cohort were 70.2 years (50-89) and 36.1 years (12-78), respectively (p<0.01). Patient host and extremity criteria were categorised according to the MSIS Host and Extremity Staging System. Patient microbiological culture, the incidence of polymicrobial infection and multi-drug resistance (MDR) were analysed and recorded. Results: Polymicrobial infection was reported in 16% (12 patients) from knee arthroplasty PJI and 14.5% (8 patients) in endoprostheses PJI (p=0.783). There was a significantly higher incidence of MDR in endoprostheses PJI, isolated in 36.4% of cultures, compared to knee arthroplasty PJI (17.2%) (p=0.01). Gram-positive organisms were isolated in more than 80% of cultures from both cohorts. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) was the commonest gram-positive organism, and Escherichia coli was the commonest Gram-negative organism in both groups. According to the MSIS staging system, the host and extremity grade of knee arthroplasty PJI cohort were significantly better than endoprostheses PJI(p<0.05). Conclusion: Empirical antibiotic management of PJI in orthopaedic oncology is based upon PJI in arthroplasty despite differences in both host and microbiology. Our results show a significant increase in MDR pathogens within the oncological group despite CoNS being the most common infective organism in both groups. Endoprosthetic patients presented with poorer host and extremity criteria. These factors should be considered when managing this complex patient group, emphasising the importance of broad-spectrum antibiotic prophylaxis and preoperative sampling to ensure appropriate perioperative antibiotic cover. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiology" title="microbiology">microbiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periprosthetic%20Joint%20infection" title=" periprosthetic Joint infection"> periprosthetic Joint infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20arthroplasty" title=" knee arthroplasty"> knee arthroplasty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoprostheses" title=" endoprostheses"> endoprostheses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152707/a-comparison-of-the-microbiology-profile-for-periprosthetic-joint-infection-pji-of-knee-arthroplasty-and-lower-limb-endoprostheses-in-tumour-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5753</span> Stress Evaluation at Lower Extremity during Walking with Unstable Shoe</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangbaek%20Park">Sangbaek Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seungju%20Lee"> Seungju Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soo-Won%20Chae"> Soo-Won Chae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Unstable shoes are known to strengthen lower extremity muscles and improve gait ability and to change the user’s gait pattern. The change in gait pattern affects human body enormously because the walking is repetitive and steady locomotion in daily life. It is possible to estimate the joint motion including joint moment, force and inertia effect using kinematic and kinetic analysis. However, the change of internal stress at the articular cartilage has not been possible to estimate. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the internal stress of human body during gait with unstable shoes. In this study, FE analysis was combined with motion capture experiment to obtain the boundary condition and loading condition during walking. Motion capture experiments were performed with a participant during walking with normal shoes and with unstable shoes. Inverse kinematics and inverse kinetic analysis was performed with OpenSim. The joint angle and muscle forces were estimated as results of inverse kinematics and kinetics analysis. A detailed finite element (FE) lower extremity model was constructed. The joint coordinate system was added to the FE model and the joint coordinate system was coincided with OpenSim model’s coordinate system. Finally, the joint angles at each phase of gait were used to transform the FE model’s posture according to actual posture from motion capture. The FE model was transformed into the postures of three major phases (1st peak of ground reaction force, mid stance and 2nd peak of ground reaction force). The direction and magnitude of muscle force were estimated by OpenSim and were applied to the FE model’s attachment point of each muscle. Then FE analysis was performed to compare the stress at knee cartilage during gait with normal shoes and unstable shoes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title="finite element analysis">finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait%20analysis" title=" gait analysis"> gait analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20model" title=" human model"> human model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20capture" title=" motion capture"> motion capture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51809/stress-evaluation-at-lower-extremity-during-walking-with-unstable-shoe" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5752</span> A Multidisciplinary Team Approach for Limb Salvage in a Rare Case of Pyoderma Gangrenosum in a Significant Circumferential Lower Extremity Wound Complicated by Diabetes and End-stage Renal Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenee%20Gooden">Jenee Gooden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Vasquez-monterroso"> Kevin Vasquez-monterroso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lady%20Paula%20Dejesus"> Lady Paula Dejesus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Wainwright"> Sandra Wainwright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Kim"> Daniel Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mackenzie%20Walker"> Mackenzie Walker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare, rapidly progressive, neutrophilic ulcerative colitis condition with an incidence of 3 to 10 cases per year ¹ ². Due to the similar appearance, PG is often misdiagnosed as a diabetic ulcer in diabetic patients. Though they may clinically appear similar in appearance, the treatment protocol and diagnostic criteria differ. Also, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is often a condition seen in diabetic patients, which can have a significant impact on wound healing due to the wide range of uremic toxins³. This case study demonstrates a multidisciplinary team and multimodal treatment approach by podiatric surgery, general surgery, rheumatology, infectious disease, interventional cardiology, wound care and hyperbaric medicine for an uncontrolled diabetic with pyoderma gangrenosum of a significant circumferential wound, covering almost the entire right lower extremity. Methods:56 y.o male presents with multiple PG ulcerations, including the chest, right posterior lower extremity and sacrum. All ulcerations were previously managed by the same wound care specialist. His chief complaint was worsening PG ulcerations accompanied by a fever of 103 °F . This case study focuses on the wound to his RLE. Past medical history significant for diabetes mellitus type 2 with hemoglobin A1c of 10% and end stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis. A multidisciplinary team approach by podiatric surgery, general surgery, rheumatology, infectious disease, interventional cardiology, wound care and hyperbaric medicine was successfully used to perform right lower extremity limb salvage. The patient was managed by rheumatology for the continuation of prior medication, as well as the mutual agreement with wound care for the addition of dapsone. A coronary CT angiogram was performed by interventional cardiology, but no significant disease was noted, and no further vascular workup was necessary. Multiple surgical sharp wide excisional debridements with application of allografts and split thickness skin grafts for the circumferential ulceration that encompassed almost the entire right lower extremity were performed by both podiatric surgery and general surgery. Wound cultures and soft tissue biopsies were performed, and infectious disease managed antibiotic therapy. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and wound vac therapy by wound care were also completed as adjunct management. Results: Prevention of leg amputation by limb salvage of the RLE was accomplished by a multidisciplinary team approach, with the wound size decreasing over a total of 29 weeks from 600 cm² to 12.0 x 3.5 x 0.2 cm. Our multidisciplinary team included podiatric surgery, general surgery, rheumatology, infectious disease, interventional cardiology, wound care and hyperbaric medicine. Discussion: Wound healing, in general, can have its challenges, and those challenges are only magnified when accompanied by multiple systemic illnesses. Though the negative impact of diabetes on wound healing is well known, the compound impact of being a diabetic with ESRD and having pyoderma gangrenosum is not. This case demonstrates the necessity for a multidisciplinary team approach with a wide array of treatment modalities to optimize wound healing and perform limb salvage with prevention of lower extremity amputation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title="diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=podiatry" title=" podiatry"> podiatry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyoderma%20gangrenosum" title=" pyoderma gangrenosum"> pyoderma gangrenosum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20stage%20renal%20disease" title=" end stage renal disease"> end stage renal disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170745/a-multidisciplinary-team-approach-for-limb-salvage-in-a-rare-case-of-pyoderma-gangrenosum-in-a-significant-circumferential-lower-extremity-wound-complicated-by-diabetes-and-end-stage-renal-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5751</span> Assessment of Knowledge and Practices of Diabetic Patients Regarding Diabetic Foot Care, in Makkah, Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20Goweda">Reda Goweda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mokhtar%20Shatla"> Mokhtar Shatla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arawa%20Alzaidi"> Arawa Alzaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arij%20Alzaidi"> Arij Alzaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bashair%20Aldhawani"> Bashair Aldhawani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hibah%20Alharbi"> Hibah Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noran%20Sultan"> Noran Sultan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniah%20Alnemari"> Daniah Alnemari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badr%20Rawa"> Badr Rawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: 20.5% of Saudis between 20 and 79 years are diabetics. Diabetic foot is a chronic complication of diabetes. The incidence of non traumatic lower extremity amputations is at least 15 times greater in those with diabetes than non diabetics. Patient education is important to reduce lower extremity complications. Objective: To assess the knowledge and practices of the diabetic patients regarding foot care and diabetic foot complications. Methods: In Makkah hospitals, 350 diabetic patients who met the inclusion criteria were involved in this cross sectional study. Interviewing questionnaire and patients’ charts review were used to collect the data. Results: Mean age of patients was 53.0083±13.1 years, and mean duration of diabetes was 11.24±8.7 years. 35.1% had history of foot ulcer while 25.7% had ulcer on the time of interview. 11.7 % had history of amputation and 83.1% had numbness. 77.1 % examine their feet while 49.1% received foot care education and 34% read handouts on foot care. 34% walk around in bare feet. There is a significant statistical association between foot education, foot care practices, and diabetic foot ulcer (p-value < 0.022). Conclusion: Patient knowledge and practices regarding diabetic foot care is significantly associated with the reduction of diabetic foot ulcer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title="knowledge">knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice" title=" practice"> practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foot" title=" foot"> foot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=care" title=" care"> care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33954/assessment-of-knowledge-and-practices-of-diabetic-patients-regarding-diabetic-foot-care-in-makkah-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5750</span> Altered Lower Extremity Biomechanical Risk Factor Related to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Athlete with Functional Ankle Instability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Karimizadehardakani">Mohammad Karimizadehardakani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hooman%20Minoonejad"> Hooman Minoonejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Rajabi"> Reza Rajabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Sharifnejad"> Ali Sharifnejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Ankle sprain is one of the most important risk factor of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Also, functional ankle instability (FAI) population has alterations in lower extremity sagittal plane biomechanics during landing task. We want to examine whether biomechanical alterations demonstrated by FAI patients are associated with the mechanism of ACL injury during high risk and sport related tasks. Methods: Sixteen basketball player with FAI and 16 non-injured control performed a single-leg cross drop landing. Knee sagittal and frontal (ATSF) was calculated. Independent t-tests, multiple linear regression, and Pearson correlation were used for analysis data. Result: Subject with FAI showed more peak ATFS, posterior ground reaction force (GRF) and less knee flexion, compared to the controls (P= 0.001, P= 0.004, P= 0.011). Knee flexion (r= −0.824, P = 0.011) and posterior GRF (r= 0.901, P = .001) were correlated with ATSF; Posterior GRF was factor that most explained the variance in ATSF (R2= 0.645; P = .001) in the FAI group. Conclusions: Result of our study showed there is a potential biomechanical relationship between the presence of FAI and risk factors associated with ACL injury mechanism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20ankle%20instability" title="functional ankle instability">functional ankle instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anterior%20cruciate%20ligament" title=" anterior cruciate ligament"> anterior cruciate ligament</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title=" biomechanics"> biomechanics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71484/altered-lower-extremity-biomechanical-risk-factor-related-to-anterior-cruciate-ligament-injury-in-athlete-with-functional-ankle-instability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5749</span> Differential Effect of Technique Majors on Isokinetic Strength in Youth Judoka Athletes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chungyu%20Chen">Chungyu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Cheng%20Chen"> Yi-Cheng Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Po-Hsian%20Hsu"> Po-Hsian Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsin-Ying%20Chen"> Hsin-Ying Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yen-Po%20Hsiao"> Yen-Po Hsiao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to assess the muscular strength performance of upper and lower extremity in isokinetic system for the youth judo players, and also to compare the strength difference between major techniques. Sixteen male and 20 female judo players (age: 16.7 ± 1.6 years old, training age: 4.5 ± 0.8 years) were served as the volunteers for this study. There were 21 players major hand techniques and 15 players major foot techniques. The Biodex S4 Pro was used to assess the strength performance of extensor and flexor of concentric action under the load condition of 30 degree/sec, 60 degree/sec, and 120 degree/sec for elbow joints and knee joints. The strength parameters were included the maximal torque, the normalized maximal torque, the average power, and the average maximal torque. A t test for independent groups was used to evaluate whether hand major and foot major differ significantly with an alpha level of .05. The result showed the maximal torque of left knee extensor in foot major players (243.5 ± 36.3 Nm) was higher significantly than hand major (210.7 ± 21.0 Nm) under the load of 30 degree/sec (p < .05). There were no differences in upper extremity strength between the hand and foot techniques major in three loads (ps < .05). It indicated that the judo player is required to develop the upper extremity strength overall to secure the execution of major techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee" title="knee">knee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elbow" title=" elbow"> elbow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power" title=" power"> power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judo" title=" judo"> judo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68222/differential-effect-of-technique-majors-on-isokinetic-strength-in-youth-judoka-athletes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5748</span> Preoperative versus Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Patients with Soft Tissue Sarcoma of the Extremity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AliAkbar%20Hafezi">AliAkbar Hafezi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalal%20Taherian"> Jalal Taherian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamshid%20Abedi"> Jamshid Abedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Elahi"> Mahsa Elahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnam%20Kadkhodaei"> Behnam Kadkhodaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are generally treated with a combination of limb preservation surgery and radiation therapy. Today, preoperative radiation therapy is considered for accurate treatment volume and smaller field size. Therefore, this study was performed to compare preoperative with postoperative radiation therapy in patients with extremity STS. Methods: In this non-randomized clinical trial, patients with localized extremity STS referred to the orthopedic clinics in Iran from 2021 to 2023 were studied. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: preoperative and postoperative radiation therapy. The two groups of patients were compared in terms of acute (wound dehiscence and infection) and late (limb edema, subcutaneous fibrosis, and joint stiffness) complications and their severity, as well as local recurrence and other one-year outcomes. Results: A total of 80 patients with localized extremity STS were evaluated in two treatment groups. The groups were matched in terms of age, sex, history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, involved side, involved extremity, lesion location, and tumor histopathology. The acute complications of treatment in the two groups of patients did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). Of the late complications, only joint stiffness between the two groups had significant statistical differences (P < 0.001). The severity of all three late complications in the postoperative radiation therapy group was significantly higher (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the rate of local recurrence of other one-year outcomes (P > 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that in patients with localized extremity STS, the two therapeutic approaches of adjuvant and neoadjuvant radiation therapy did not differ significantly in terms of local recurrence and distant metastasis during the one-year follow-up period and due to fewer late complications in preoperative radiotherapy group, this treatment approach can be a better choice than postoperative radiation therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20tissue%20sarcoma" title="soft tissue sarcoma">soft tissue sarcoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extremity" title=" extremity"> extremity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preoperative%20radiation%20therapy" title=" preoperative radiation therapy"> preoperative radiation therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postoperative%20radiation%20therapy" title=" postoperative radiation therapy"> postoperative radiation therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185610/preoperative-versus-postoperative-radiation-therapy-in-patients-with-soft-tissue-sarcoma-of-the-extremity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5747</span> Correlation between Dynamic Knee Valgus with Isometric Hip External Rotators Strength during Single Leg Landing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Fawzy">Ahmed Fawzy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Ayad"> Khaled Ayad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gh.%20M.%20Koura"> Gh. M. Koura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Reda"> W. Reda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The excessive frontal plane motion of the lower extremity during sports activities is thought to be a contributing factor to many traumatic and overuse injuries of the knee joint, little is known about the biomechanical factors that contribute to this loading pattern. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate if there is a relationship between hip external rotators isometric strength and the value of frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) during single leg landing tasks in normal male subjects. Methods: One hundred (male) subjects free from lower extremity injuries for at least six months ago participated in this study. Their mean age was (23.25 ± 2.88) years, mean weight was (74.76 ± 13.54) (Kg), mean height was (174.23 ± 6.56) (Cm). The knee frontal plane projection angle was measured by digital video camera using single leg landing task. Hip external rotators isometric strength were assessed by portable hand held dynamometer. Muscle strength had been normalized to the body weight to obtain more accurate measurements. Results: The results demonstrated that there was no significant relationship between hip external rotators isometric strength and the value of FPPA during single leg landing tasks in normal male subjects. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no relationship between hip external rotators isometric strength and the value of FPPA during functional activities in normal male subjects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-dimensional%20motion%20analysis" title="2-dimensional motion analysis">2-dimensional motion analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20strength" title=" hip strength"> hip strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinematics" title=" kinematics"> kinematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20injuries" title=" knee injuries"> knee injuries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55037/correlation-between-dynamic-knee-valgus-with-isometric-hip-external-rotators-strength-during-single-leg-landing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5746</span> Virtual Reality for Post COVID-19 Stroke: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kasra%20Afsahi">Kasra Afsahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Soheilifar"> Maryam Soheilifar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> COVID-19 has been associated with stroke and neurological complications. The patient was a 59-year- old male who presented with sudden left hemiparesis and diplopia due to cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) on 28/03/2020. The COVID-19 test was positive. Multislice CT (MSCT) showed ischemic infarction. He underwent surgical sinectomy 9 days after admission. Physiotherapy began for him in August 2020. Our game-based virtual reality (VR) technology developed for stroke patients was based on upper extremity exercises and function for stroke. After 6 weeks of VR therapy plus conventional physiotherapy exercises (18 sessions, three times per week, 60 minutes each session), there were significant improvements in Brunnstrom Motor Recovery Stage (from “4” to “5”), Fugl-Meyer Scale score of upper extremity section (from 49 to 54), and Modified Barthel Index (from15 to 18). There were no adverse effects. This case with stroke post-COVID-19 due to the CST showed the usefulness of VR therapy used as an adjunct to conventional physiotherapy in improving affected upper extremity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title=" virtual reality"> virtual reality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137049/virtual-reality-for-post-covid-19-stroke-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5745</span> Analysis of Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) of Selected Nerves in Athletics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jogbinder%20Singh%20Soodan">Jogbinder Singh Soodan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashok%20Kumar"> Ashok Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gobind%20Singh"> Gobind Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: This study aims to describe the motor nerve conduction velocity of selected nerves of both the upper and lower extremities in athletes. Thirty high-level sprinters (100 mts and 200 mts) and thirty high level distance runners (3000 mts) were volunteered to participate in the study. Method: Motor nerve conduction velocities (MNCV) of radial and sural nerves were recorded with the help of computerized equipment, NEUROPERFECT (MEDICAID SYSTEMS, India), with standard techniques of supramaximal percutaneus stimulation. The anthropometric measurements taken were body height (cms), age (yrs) and body weight (kgs). The neurophysiological parameters taken were MNCV of radial nerve (upper extremity) and sural nerve (lower extremity) of both sides (i.e. dominant and non-dominant) of the body. The room temperature was maintained at 37 degree Celsius. Results: Significant differences in motor nerve conduction velocities were found between dominant and non-dominant limbs in each group. The MNCV of radial nerve was obtained was significantly higher in the sprinters than long distance runners. The MNCV of sural nerve recorded was significantly higher in sprinters as compared to distance runners. Conclusion: The motor nerve conduction velocity of radial nerve was found to be higher in sprinters as compared to the distance runners and also, the MNCV for sural nerve was found to be higher in sprinters as compared to distance runners. In case of sprinters, the MNCV of radial and sural nerves were higher in dominant limbs (i.e. arms and legs) of both sides of the body. But, in case of distance runners, the MNCV of radial and sural nerves is higher in non dominant limbs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motor%20nerve%20conduction%20velocity" title="motor nerve conduction velocity">motor nerve conduction velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20nerve" title=" radial nerve"> radial nerve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sural%20nerve" title=" sural nerve"> sural nerve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprinters" title=" sprinters"> sprinters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10891/analysis-of-motor-nerve-conduction-velocity-mncv-of-selected-nerves-in-athletics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">564</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5744</span> F-IVT Actuation System to Power Artificial Knee Joint</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al%C3%B2%20Roberta">Alò Roberta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bottiglione%20Francesco"> Bottiglione Francesco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mantriota%20Giacomo"> Mantriota Giacomo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The efficiency of the actuation system of lower limb exoskeletons and of active orthoses is a significant aspect of the design of such devices because it affects their efficacy. F-IVT is an innovative actuation system to power artificial knee joint with energy recovery capabilities. Its key and non-conventional elements are a flywheel, that acts as a mechanical energy storage system, and an Infinitely Variable Transmission (IVT). The design of the F-IVT can be optimized for a certain walking condition, resulting in a heavy reduction of both the electric energy consumption and of the electric peak power. In this work, by means of simulations of level ground walking at different speeds, it is demonstrated how F-IVT is still an advantageous actuator, even when it does not work in nominal conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20orthoses" title="active orthoses">active orthoses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actuators" title=" actuators"> actuators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lower%20extremity%20exoskeletons" title=" lower extremity exoskeletons"> lower extremity exoskeletons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20joint" title=" knee joint"> knee joint</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19855/f-ivt-actuation-system-to-power-artificial-knee-joint" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">601</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5743</span> Brain-Computer Interface System for Lower Extremity Rehabilitation of Chronic Stroke Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marc%20Sebasti%C3%A1n-Romagosa">Marc Sebastián-Romagosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woosang%20Cho"> Woosang Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rupert%20Ortner"> Rupert Ortner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christy%20Li"> Christy Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christoph%20Guger"> Christoph Guger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Neurorehabilitation based on Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) shows important rehabilitation effects for patients after stroke. Previous studies have shown improvements for patients that are in a chronic stage and/or have severe hemiparesis and are particularly challenging for conventional rehabilitation techniques. For this publication, seven stroke patients in the chronic phase with hemiparesis in the lower extremity were recruited. All of them participated in 25 BCI sessions about 3 times a week. The BCI system was based on the Motor Imagery (MI) of the paretic ankle dorsiflexion and healthy wrist dorsiflexion with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) and avatar feedback. Assessments were conducted to assess the changes in motor improvement before, after and during the rehabilitation training. Our primary measures used for the assessment were the 10-meters walking test (10MWT), Range of Motion (ROM) of the ankle dorsiflexion and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Results show a significant increase in the gait speed in the primary measure 10MWT fast velocity of 0.18 m/s IQR = [0.12 to 0.2], P = 0.016. The speed in the TUG was also significantly increased by 0.1 m/s IQR = [0.09 to 0.11], P = 0.031. The active ROM assessment increased 4.65º, and IQR = [ 1.67 - 7.4], after rehabilitation training, P = 0.029. These functional improvements persisted at least one month after the end of the therapy. These outcomes show the feasibility of this BCI approach for chronic stroke patients and further support the growing consensus that these types of tools might develop into a new paradigm for rehabilitation tools for stroke patients. However, the results are from only seven chronic stroke patients, so the authors believe that this approach should be further validated in broader randomized controlled studies involving more patients. MI and FES-based non-invasive BCIs are showing improvement in the gait rehabilitation of patients in the chronic stage after stroke. This could have an impact on the rehabilitation techniques used for these patients, especially when they are severely impaired and their mobility is limited. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroscience" title="neuroscience">neuroscience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20computer%20interfaces" title=" brain computer interfaces"> brain computer interfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitat" title=" rehabilitat"> rehabilitat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148875/brain-computer-interface-system-for-lower-extremity-rehabilitation-of-chronic-stroke-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5742</span> Successful Rehabilitation of Recalcitrant Knee Pain Due to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Masked by Extensive Skin Graft: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geum%20Yeon%20Sim">Geum Yeon Sim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tyler%20Pigott"> Tyler Pigott</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julio%20Vasquez"> Julio Vasquez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A 38-year-old obese female with no apparent past medical history presented with left knee pain. Six months ago, she sustained a left knee dislocation in a motor vehicle accident that was managed with a skin graft over the left lower extremity without any reconstructive surgery. She developed persistent pain and stiffness in her left knee that worsened with walking and stair climbing. Examination revealed healed extensive skin graft over the left lower extremity, including the left knee. Palpation showed moderate tenderness along the superior border of the patella, exquisite tenderness over MCL, and mild tenderness on the tibial tuberosity. There was normal sensation, reflexes, and strength in her lower extremities. There was limited active and passive range of motion of her left knee during flexion. There was instability noted upon the valgus stress test of the left knee. Left knee magnetic resonance imaging showed high-grade (grade 2-3) injury of the proximal superficial fibers of the MCL and diffuse thickening and signal abnormality of the cruciate ligaments, as well as edema-like subchondral marrow signal change in the anterolateral aspect of the lateral femoral condyle weight-bearing surface. There was also notable extensive scarring and edema of the skin, subcutaneous soft tissues, and musculature surrounding the knee. The patient was managed with left knee immobilization for five months, which was complicated by limited knee flexion. Physical therapy consisting of quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius stretching and strengthening, range of motion exercises, scar/soft tissue mobilization, and gait training was given with marked improvement in pain and range of motion. The patient experienced a further reduction in pain as well as an improvement in function with home exercises consisting of continued strengthening and stretching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ligamentous%20injury" title="ligamentous injury">ligamentous injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title=" trauma"> trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20pain" title=" knee pain"> knee pain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162700/successful-rehabilitation-of-recalcitrant-knee-pain-due-to-anterior-cruciate-ligament-injury-masked-by-extensive-skin-graft-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5741</span> Benefits of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Lower-Extremity Muscle Strength and Balance Control in Middle-Aged and Older Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Long-Shan%20Wu">Long-Shan Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming-Chen%20Ko"> Ming-Chen Ko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chien-Chang%20Ho"> Chien-Chang Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Po-Fu%20Lee"> Po-Fu Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenn-Woei%20Hsieh"> Jenn-Woei Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ching-Yu%20Tseng"> Ching-Yu Tseng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to determine the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) training on lower-extremity muscle strength and balance control performance among community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults in the United States. Twenty-nine participants without any contraindication of performing WBV exercise completed all the study procedures. Participants were randomly assigned to do body weight exercise with either an individualized vibration frequency and amplitude, a fixed vibration frequency and amplitude, or no vibration. Isokinetic knee extensor power, limits of stability, and sit-to-stand tests were performed at the baseline and after 8 weeks of training. Neither the individualized frequency-amplitude WBV training protocol nor the fixed frequency-amplitude WBV training protocol improved isokinetic knee extensor power. The limits of stability endpoint excursion score for the individualized frequency-amplitude group increased by 8.8 (12.9%; p = 0.025) after training. No significant differences were observed in fixed and control group. The maximum excursion score for the individualized frequency-amplitude group at baseline increased by 9.2 (11.5%; p = 0.006) after training. The average weight transfer time score significantly decreased by 0.21 s in the fixed group. The participants in the individualized group showed a significant increase (3.2%) in weight rising index score after 8 weeks of WBV training. These results suggest that 8 weeks of WBV training improved limit of stability and sit-to-stand performance. Future studies need to determine whether WBV training improves other factors that can influence posture control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whole-body%20vibration%20training" title="whole-body vibration training">whole-body vibration training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20strength" title=" muscle strength"> muscle strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance%20control" title=" balance control"> balance control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle-aged%20and%20older%20adults" title=" middle-aged and older adults"> middle-aged and older adults</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71370/benefits-of-whole-body-vibration-training-on-lower-extremity-muscle-strength-and-balance-control-in-middle-aged-and-older-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5740</span> The Effect of Modified Posterior Shoulder Stretching Exercises on Posterior Shoulder Tightness, Shoulder Pain, and Dysfunction in Patients with Subacromial Impingement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozge%20Tahran">Ozge Tahran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sevgi%20Sevi%20Yesilyaprak"> Sevgi Sevi Yesilyaprak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the Wilk’s modified two different stretching exercises on posterior shoulder tightness, pain, and dysfunction in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Method: This study was carried out on 67 patients who have more than 15° difference in shoulder internal rotation range of motion between two sides and had been diagnosed as SIS. Before treatment, all patients were randomly assigned into three groups. Standard physiotherapy programme was applied to the Group 3 (n=23), standard physiotherapy program with Wilk’s modified cross-body stretching exercises were applied to Group 1 (n=22), and standard physiotherapy program with Wilk’s modified sleeper stretching exercises were applied to Group 2 (n= 23). All the patients received 20 sessions of physiotherapy during 4 weeks, 5 days in a week by a physiotherapist. The patients continued their exercises at home at the weekends. Pain severity, shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder tightness, upper extremity functionality with Constant and Murley Score (CMS) and disability level with The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Score (QuickDASH) were evaluated before and after physiotherapy programme. Results: Before treatment, demographic and anthropometric characteristics were similar in groups and there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05). It was determined that pain severity decreased, shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder tightness, upper extremity functionality, and disability were improved after physiotherapy in both groups (p < 0.05). Group 1 and 2 had better results in terms of reduction of pain severity during activity, increase in shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder mobility and upper extremity functionality and improvement in upper extremity disability, compared to Group 3 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises in addition to standard physiotherapy programme is more effective for reduction of pain during activity, to improve shoulder rotation range of motion, posterior shoulder mobility, and upper extremity functionality in patients with SIS compared to standard physiotherapy programme alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20posterior%20shoulder%20stretching%20exercises" title="modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises">modified posterior shoulder stretching exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=posterior%20shoulder%20tightness" title=" posterior shoulder tightness"> posterior shoulder tightness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoulder%20complex" title=" shoulder complex"> shoulder complex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subacromial%20impingement%20syndrome" title=" subacromial impingement syndrome"> subacromial impingement syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95704/the-effect-of-modified-posterior-shoulder-stretching-exercises-on-posterior-shoulder-tightness-shoulder-pain-and-dysfunction-in-patients-with-subacromial-impingement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5739</span> Heeled Shoes and The Sexes: Differences in Gait Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonathan%20de%20Rothewelle">Jonathan de Rothewelle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heeled shoes are notoriously bad for physical health. The vast majority of Americans have suffered lower extremity pain at some point in their lives; women have been in pain for centuries. More recently, however, with an increase in number due to cultural shifts in acceptability, more men wear heeled shoes. Men who wear heels (MWWH) also suffer lower limb pain. In my hypothesis, their pathologies should be treated as unique due to males’ difference in body mass, center of gravity, posture, gait, and foot anatomy when compared with their female counterparts. These differences alone warrant a closer examination of the pathologies associated with the wearing of heeled shoes among male populations. This research performs a broad literature review on the differences between male and female anatomy and discusses implications on heel wearing. This research discusses the need for further inquiry and makes recommendations for future study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heeled%20shoes" title="heeled shoes">heeled shoes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gait" title=" gait"> gait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathologies" title=" pathologies"> pathologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20sex" title=" biological sex"> biological sex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161477/heeled-shoes-and-the-sexes-differences-in-gait-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161477.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5738</span> Influence of Strengthening of Hip Abductors and External Rotators in Treatment of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20Abdel%20Aty%20Hassan%20Mohamed">Karima Abdel Aty Hassan Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Mohamed%20Ismail"> Manal Mohamed Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Hassan%20Gamal%20Eldein"> Mona Hassan Gamal Eldein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Hassan%20Hussein"> Ahmed Hassan Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdel%20Aziz%20Mohamed%20Elsingerg"> Abdel Aziz Mohamed Elsingerg </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common musculoskeletal pain condition, especially in females. Decreased hip muscle strength has been implicated as a contributing factor, yet the relationships between pain, hip muscle strength and function are not known. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of strengthening hip abductors and lateral rotators on pain intensity, function and hip abductor and hip lateral rotator eccentric and concentric torques in patients with PFPS. Methods: Thirty patients had participated in this study; they were assigned into two experimental groups. With age ranged for eighty to thirty five years. Group A consisted of 15 patients (11females and 4 males) with mean age 20.8 (±2.73) years, received closed kinetic chain exercises program, stretching exercises for tight lower extremity soft tissues, and hip strengthening exercises .Group B consisted of 15 patients (12 females and 3 males) with mean age 21.2(±3.27) years, received closed kinetic chain exercises program and stretching exercises for tight lower extremity soft tissues. Treatment was given 2-3times/week, for 6 weeks. Patients were evaluated pre and post treatment for their pain severity, function of knee joint, hip abductors and external rotators concentric/eccentric peak torque. Result: the results revealed that there were significant differences in pain and function between both groups, while there was improvement for all values for both group. Conclusion: Six weeks rehabilitation program focusing on knee strengthening exercises either supplemented by hip strengthening exercises or not effective in improving function, reducing pain and improving hip muscles torque in patients with PFPS. However, adding hip abduction and lateral rotation strengthening exercises seem to reduce pain and improve function more efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patellofemoral%20pain%20syndrome" title="patellofemoral pain syndrome">patellofemoral pain syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hip%20muscles" title=" hip muscles"> hip muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isokinetic" title=" isokinetic "> isokinetic </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23022/influence-of-strengthening-of-hip-abductors-and-external-rotators-in-treatment-of-patellofemoral-pain-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5737</span> Comparative Effect of Self-Myofascial Release as a Warm-Up Exercise on Functional Fitness of Young Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gopal%20Chandra%20Saha">Gopal Chandra Saha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumanta%20Daw"> Sumanta Daw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Warm-up is an essential component for optimizing performance in various sports before a physical fitness training session. This study investigated the immediate comparative effect of Self-Myofascial Release through vibration rolling (VR), non-vibration rolling (NVR), and static stretching as a part of a warm-up treatment on the functional fitness of young adults. Functional fitness is a classification of training that prepares the body for real-life movements and activities. For the present study 20male physical education students were selected as subjects. The age of the subjects was ranged from 20-25 years. The functional fitness variables undertaken in the present study were flexibility, muscle strength, agility, static and dynamic balance of the lower extremity. Each of the three warm-up protocol was administered on consecutive days, i.e. 24 hr time gap and all tests were administered in the morning. The mean and SD were used as descriptive statistics. The significance of statistical differences among the groups was measured by applying ‘F’-test, and to find out the exact location of difference, Post Hoc Test (Least Significant Difference) was applied. It was found from the study that only flexibility showed significant difference among three types of warm-up exercise. The observed result depicted that VR has more impact on myofascial release in flexibility in comparison with NVR and stretching as a part of warm-up exercise as ‘p’ value was less than 0.05. In the present study, within the three means of warm-up exercises, vibration roller showed better mean difference in terms of NVR, and static stretching exercise on functional fitness of young physical education practitioners, although the results were found insignificant in case of muscle strength, agility, static and dynamic balance of the lower extremity. These findings suggest that sports professionals and coaches may take VR into account for designing more efficient and effective pre-performance routine for long term to improve exercise performances. VR has high potential to interpret into an on-field practical application means. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-myofascial%20release" title="self-myofascial release">self-myofascial release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20fitness" title=" functional fitness"> functional fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20roller" title=" foam roller"> foam roller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20education" title=" physical education"> physical education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109776/comparative-effect-of-self-myofascial-release-as-a-warm-up-exercise-on-functional-fitness-of-young-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span 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