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width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(145,250,250)"><i>Amanita ravenelii</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Amanita_ravenelii_(Berk._%26_M.A._Curt.)_Sacc_639877.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amanita_ravenelii_%28Berk._%26_M.A._Curt.%29_Sacc_639877.jpg/220px-Amanita_ravenelii_%28Berk._%26_M.A._Curt.%29_Sacc_639877.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amanita_ravenelii_%28Berk._%26_M.A._Curt.%29_Sacc_639877.jpg/330px-Amanita_ravenelii_%28Berk._%26_M.A._Curt.%29_Sacc_639877.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amanita_ravenelii_%28Berk._%26_M.A._Curt.%29_Sacc_639877.jpg/440px-Amanita_ravenelii_%28Berk._%26_M.A._Curt.%29_Sacc_639877.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3560" data-file-height="5168" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(145,250,250)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Amanita" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fungus" title="Fungus">Fungi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Division: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Basidiomycota" title="Basidiomycota">Basidiomycota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Agaricomycetes" title="Agaricomycetes">Agaricomycetes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Agaricales" title="Agaricales">Agaricales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amanitaceae" title="Amanitaceae">Amanitaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amanita" title="Amanita"><i>Amanita</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>A. ravenelii</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(145,250,250)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Amanita ravenelii</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Miles_Joseph_Berkeley" title="Miles Joseph Berkeley">Berk.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Moses_Ashley_Curtis" title="Moses Ashley Curtis">M.A. Curtis</a>) <a href="/wiki/Pier_Andrea_Saccardo" title="Pier Andrea Saccardo">Sacc.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(145,250,250)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-urlMycoBank:_Amanita_ravenelii_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-urlMycoBank:_Amanita_ravenelii-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Agaricus ravenelii</i> <small>Berk. & M.A. Curtis</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of fungus</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="line-height: 1.4em; font-size:1.2em"><i>Amanita ravenelii</i><div style="float:right; margin: 0 3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mycomorphbox" title="View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list"><img alt="View the Mycomorphbox template that generates the following list" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/14px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/21px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/28px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="62" /></a></span></div><div style="font-size:90%"><a href="/wiki/Mycology" title="Mycology">Mycological characteristics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gills_icon.png/32px-Gills_icon.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gills_icon.png/48px-Gills_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gills_icon.png/64px-Gills_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right"><b><a href="/wiki/Lamella_(mycology)" title="Lamella (mycology)">Gills</a></b> on <a href="/wiki/Hymenium" title="Hymenium">hymenium</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Umbonate_cap_icon.svg/32px-Umbonate_cap_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Umbonate_cap_icon.svg/48px-Umbonate_cap_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Umbonate_cap_icon.svg/64px-Umbonate_cap_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="342" /></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flat_cap_icon.svg/32px-Flat_cap_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flat_cap_icon.svg/48px-Flat_cap_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flat_cap_icon.svg/64px-Flat_cap_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="342" /></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right"><a href="/wiki/Pileus_(mycology)" title="Pileus (mycology)">Cap</a> is <b>umbonate</b> or <b>flat</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Free_gills_icon2.svg/32px-Free_gills_icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Free_gills_icon2.svg/48px-Free_gills_icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Free_gills_icon2.svg/64px-Free_gills_icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right"><a href="/wiki/Hymenium" title="Hymenium">Hymenium</a> is <b>free</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ring_and_volva_stipe_icon.svg/32px-Ring_and_volva_stipe_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ring_and_volva_stipe_icon.svg/48px-Ring_and_volva_stipe_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ring_and_volva_stipe_icon.svg/64px-Ring_and_volva_stipe_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right"><a href="/wiki/Stipe_(mycology)" title="Stipe (mycology)">Stipe</a> has a <b><a href="/wiki/Annulus_(mycology)" title="Annulus (mycology)">ring</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volva_(mycology)" title="Volva (mycology)">volva</a></b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><div style="background-color: #FFFFFF; float:left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Transparent_spore_print_icon.svg/32px-Transparent_spore_print_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Transparent_spore_print_icon.svg/48px-Transparent_spore_print_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Transparent_spore_print_icon.svg/64px-Transparent_spore_print_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="202" data-file-height="202" /></span></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right"><a href="/wiki/Spore_print" title="Spore print">Spore print</a> is <b>white</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mycorrhizal_fungus.svg/32px-Mycorrhizal_fungus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mycorrhizal_fungus.svg/48px-Mycorrhizal_fungus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mycorrhizal_fungus.svg/64px-Mycorrhizal_fungus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="200" /></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right">Ecology is <b><a href="/wiki/Mycorrhizal" class="mw-redirect" title="Mycorrhizal">mycorrhizal</a></b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Mycomorphbox_Question.png/32px-Mycomorphbox_Question.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Mycomorphbox_Question.png/48px-Mycomorphbox_Question.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Mycomorphbox_Question.png/64px-Mycomorphbox_Question.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: right">Edibility is <a href="/wiki/Mushroom_poisoning" title="Mushroom poisoning"><b>unknown</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div> <p><i><b>Amanita ravenelii</b></i>, commonly known as the <b>pinecone lepidella</b>, is a species of <a href="/wiki/Fungus" title="Fungus">fungus</a> in the family <a href="/wiki/Amanitaceae" title="Amanitaceae">Amanitaceae</a>. The whitish <a href="/wiki/Basidiocarps" class="mw-redirect" title="Basidiocarps">fruit bodies</a> are medium to large, with caps up to <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>17 centimetres (<span class="frac">6<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> inches) wide, and stems up to 25 cm (10 in) long. The cap surface has large warts and the stem has a scaly, bulbous base. The mushrooms have a unique <a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">chlorine</a> like odor. </p><p>It is widely distributed in <a href="/wiki/Mixed_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed forest">mixed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deciduous_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Deciduous forest">deciduous forests</a> of the southeastern United States, where it grows solitarily or in groups on the ground in late summer and autumn. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The species was first described scientifically by <a href="/wiki/Miles_Joseph_Berkeley" title="Miles Joseph Berkeley">Miles Joseph Berkeley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moses_Ashley_Curtis" title="Moses Ashley Curtis">Moses Ashley Curtis</a> in 1859 as <i>Agaricus ravenelii</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Berkeley1859_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berkeley1859-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pier_Andrea_Saccardo" title="Pier Andrea Saccardo">Pier Andrea Saccardo</a> transferred it to the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita" title="Amanita">Amanita</a></i> in 1887.<sup id="cite_ref-Saccardo1887_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saccardo1887-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is in the subsection <i>Solitariae</i>, <a href="/wiki/Section_(biology)" title="Section (biology)">section</a> <i>Lepidella</i> in the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita" title="Amanita">Amanita</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Singer1986_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singer1986-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other North American species in the section <i>Lepidella</i> include <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_abrupta" title="Amanita abrupta">A. abrupta</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_atkinsoniana" title="Amanita atkinsoniana">A. atkinsoniana</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_chlorinosma" title="Amanita chlorinosma">A. chlorinosma</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_cokeri" title="Amanita cokeri">A. cokeri</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_daucipes" title="Amanita daucipes">A. daucipes</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_mutabilis" title="Amanita mutabilis">A. mutabilis</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_onusta" title="Amanita onusta">A. onusta</a></i>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_pelioma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amanita pelioma (page does not exist)">A. pelioma</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_polypyramis" title="Amanita polypyramis">A. polypyramis</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_rhopalopus" title="Amanita rhopalopus">A. rhopalopus</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatt2004-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Specific_name_(botany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Specific name (botany)">specific epithet</a> <i>ravenelli</i> honors American mycologist <a href="/wiki/Henry_William_Ravenel" title="Henry William Ravenel">Henry William Ravenel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bessette2007-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fungus is <a href="/wiki/Common_name" title="Common name">commonly</a> known as the "pinecone Lepidella".<sup id="cite_ref-McKnight1987_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McKnight1987-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amanita_ravenelii_57103.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Amanita_ravenelii_57103.jpg/180px-Amanita_ravenelii_57103.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Amanita_ravenelii_57103.jpg/270px-Amanita_ravenelii_57103.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Amanita_ravenelii_57103.jpg/360px-Amanita_ravenelii_57103.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The cap surface is covered with conical to truncate-conical warts.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amanita_ravenelii_92433.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Amanita_ravenelii_92433.jpg/180px-Amanita_ravenelii_92433.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Amanita_ravenelii_92433.jpg/270px-Amanita_ravenelii_92433.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Amanita_ravenelii_92433.jpg/360px-Amanita_ravenelii_92433.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The gills here are covered with remnants of the partial veil.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Pileus_(mycology)" title="Pileus (mycology)">cap</a> is <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">8–17 centimetres (3–<span class="frac">6<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> inches) wide, initially hemispherical to almost round, later becoming convex to flattened. It is fleshy, white to yellowish-white, usually dry, but occasionally slightly sticky with age. The <a href="/wiki/Universal_veil" title="Universal veil">universal veil</a> remains as a pale yellow to brownish-orange layer that breaks up into crowded, rather coarse, conical to truncate-conical warts. The warts are up to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">6 millimetres (<span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in) wide and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">4 mm (<span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) high, becoming more scale-like towards the cap margin with age. The margin is non-striate (without any grooves), and appendiculate (with <a href="/wiki/Partial_veil" title="Partial veil">partial veil</a> remnants hanging along the cap margin). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lamella_(mycology)" title="Lamella (mycology)">gills</a> are free from attachment to the stem, crowded together, moderately broad, and yellowish-white to pale yellow. Interspersed among the gills are short gills (lamellulae) that do not extend completely to the stem; they are somewhat truncated (abruptly terminated) to attenuated (tapering gradually). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Stipe_(mycology)" title="Stipe (mycology)">stem</a> is 10–25 cm (4–10 in) long and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">1–3 cm (<span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>–1 in) wide, and decreases slightly in thickness near the apex. It is solid (i.e., not hollow), white to pale yellow, and covered with tufts of soft woolly hairs or fibrils. It has a large basal bulb, swollen in the middle, which roots in the ground up to 5.5 cm (2 in). The partial veil is yellowish-white to pale yellow, forming a <a href="/wiki/Annulus_(mycology)" title="Annulus (mycology)">ring</a> which is thick, woolly, delicate, and soon falls away. The universal veil remains at the stem base as thick scales, curved downward, often forming irregular rings. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Trama_(mycology)" title="Trama (mycology)">flesh</a> is firm, and white to pale yellow. The mushroom tissue has an odor of chlorinated lime (<a href="/wiki/Bleaching_powder" class="mw-redirect" title="Bleaching powder">bleaching powder</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatt2004-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "old tennis shoes".<sup id="cite_ref-Miller2006_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Microscopic_characteristics">Microscopic characteristics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Microscopic characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Spore" title="Spore">spores</a> are <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ellipsoid" class="extiw" title="wikt:ellipsoid">ellipsoid</a>, occasionally ovoid or <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/obovoid" class="extiw" title="wikt:obovoid">obovoid</a>, thin-walled, <a href="/wiki/Hyaline" title="Hyaline">hyaline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amyloid_(mycology)" title="Amyloid (mycology)">amyloid</a>, and measure 8–11 by 5.5–7.5 μm. The <a href="/wiki/Spore_print" title="Spore print">spore deposit</a> is white. The <a href="/wiki/Basidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Basidia">basidia</a> (spore-bearing cells) are 40–65 by 7–11.5 μm, four-spored, with clamps at their bases. <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cheilocystidium" class="extiw" title="wikt:cheilocystidium">Cheilocystidia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cystidia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cystidia">cystidia</a> on the gill edge) are occasionally seen as small, club-shaped cells measuring 15–35 by 10–15 μm, on thin-walled hyphae that are 3–7 μm in diameter. The <a href="/wiki/Pileipellis" title="Pileipellis">cap cuticle</a>, which is not clearly differentiated from the cap tissue, consists of thin-walled, interwoven <a href="/wiki/Hypha" title="Hypha">hyphae</a> 2.5–9 μm in diameter. The tissue of the universal veil on the cap consists of more or less parallel and erect rows of roughly spherical, and ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid cells, up to 78 by 65 μm and spindle- to club-shaped cells up to 125 by 30 μm. These latter cells are terminal or in short, terminal chains, and are borne on moderately abundant, thin-walled, branched, interwoven, sometimes nearly <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/coralloid" class="extiw" title="wikt:coralloid">coralloid</a> hyphae, 3–9.5 μm diameter with a few scattered oleiferous (oil-containing) hyphae, 5–12.5 μm diameter. The distribution of hyphae at the stem base is similar to that on the cap, but with more filamentous hyphae. <a href="/wiki/Clamp_connection" title="Clamp connection">Clamp connections</a> are present.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatt2004-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Similar_species">Similar species</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Similar species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amanita_ravenelii_92431.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Amanita_ravenelii_92431.jpg/160px-Amanita_ravenelii_92431.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Amanita_ravenelii_92431.jpg/240px-Amanita_ravenelii_92431.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Amanita_ravenelii_92431.jpg/320px-Amanita_ravenelii_92431.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The basal bulb is characteristic of <i>A. ravenelii</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The fruit bodies of <i>A. ravenelii</i> are distinguished from <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_chlorinosma" title="Amanita chlorinosma">A. chlorinosma</a></i> by the presence of pale yellow to brownish orange, large, conical to truncate-conical warts on the cap surface and a large basal bulb. The mushroom <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_polypyramis" title="Amanita polypyramis">A. polypyramis</a></i> is pure white, and lacks the pale yellow to brownish-orange large conical warts typical of <i>A. ravenelii</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatt2004-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The North American species <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_armillariiformis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amanita armillariiformis (page does not exist)">A. armillariiformis</a></i> has a similar <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/areolate" class="extiw" title="wikt:areolate">areolate</a> cap surface, but unlike <i>A. ravenelii</i>, does not have a distinct basal bulb, and it is found in semi-arid areas associated with <a href="/wiki/Aspen" title="Aspen">aspen</a> and old growth <a href="/wiki/Douglas_fir" title="Douglas fir">Douglas fir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller1990_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller1990-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also from North America, <i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_mutabilis" title="Amanita mutabilis">A. mutabilis</a></i> has pink tones on the cap and stem, and will turn pink when its flesh is cut; it smells of <a href="/wiki/Anise" title="Anise">anise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller2006_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>A. ravenelii</i> is widely distributed in the southeastern United States, where their occurrence is "occasional to frequent" in the late summer and autumn months of August to November;<sup id="cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bessette2007-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mushrooms been collected from the US states of <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been reported growing in northern <a href="/wiki/Baja_California" title="Baja California">Baja California</a>, Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-Ayala1988_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ayala1988-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is a <a href="/wiki/Mycorrhiza" title="Mycorrhiza">mycorrhizal</a> fungus, meaning it forms <a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(biology)" title="Mutualism (biology)">mutualistic</a> associations with shrubs and trees.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mushrooms grow on the ground solitarily, scattered, or in groups in <a href="/wiki/Mixed_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed forest">mixed</a> coniferous and deciduous forests.<sup id="cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bessette2007-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the specific tree associations preferred by <i>A. ravenelii</i> are unknown, in general, <i>Amanita</i> from section <i>Lepidella</i> tend to associate with diploxylon pine (that is, pines in <a href="/wiki/Pinus_classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinus classification">subgenus <i>Pinus</i></a>), <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hickory" title="Hickory">hickory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhatt2004-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toxicity">Toxicity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Toxicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Edible_mushroom" title="Edible mushroom">edibility</a> of species in <i>Amanita</i> subgenus <i>Lepidella</i> have been described variously as unknown,<sup id="cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bessette2007-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> not recommended,<sup id="cite_ref-McKnight1987_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McKnight1987-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Mushroom_poisoning" title="Mushroom poisoning">poisonous</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller2006_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller2006-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-urlMycoBank:_Amanita_ravenelii-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-urlMycoBank:_Amanita_ravenelii_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mycobank.org/MycoTaxo.aspx?Link=T&Rec=28771">"<i>Amanita ravenelii</i> (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. 1887"</a>. <i>MycoBank</i>. International Mycological Association<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-09-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MycoBank&rft.atitle=Amanita+ravenelii+%28Berk.+%26+Broome%29+Sacc.+1887&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mycobank.org%2FMycoTaxo.aspx%3FLink%3DT%26Rec%3D28771&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berkeley1859-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Berkeley1859_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerkeleyCurtis1859" class="citation journal cs1">Berkeley MJ, Curtis MA (1859). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/31467">"Centuries of North American fungi"</a>. <i>Annals and Magazine of Natural History</i>. III. <b>4</b> (22): 284–296. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00222935908697127">10.1080/00222935908697127</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+and+Magazine+of+Natural+History&rft.atitle=Centuries+of+North+American+fungi&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=22&rft.pages=284-296&rft.date=1859&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00222935908697127&rft.aulast=Berkeley&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.au=Curtis%2C+MA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fpart%2F31467&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saccardo1887-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Saccardo1887_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaccardo_PA1887" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Saccardo PA (1887). "Sylloge Hymenomycetum, Vol. I. Agaricineae". <i>Sylloge Fungorum</i> (in Latin). <b>5</b>: 15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sylloge+Fungorum&rft.atitle=Sylloge+Hymenomycetum%2C+Vol.+I.+Agaricineae&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=15&rft.date=1887&rft.au=Saccardo+PA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singer1986-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Singer1986_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger_R.1986" class="citation book cs1">Singer R. (1986). <i>The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy</i> (4th ed.). Koenigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books. p. 452. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-87429-254-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-87429-254-1"><bdi>3-87429-254-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Agaricales+in+Modern+Taxonomy&rft.place=Koenigstein&rft.pages=452&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=Koeltz+Scientific+Books&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=3-87429-254-1&rft.au=Singer+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bhatt2004-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bhatt2004_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBhattMiller2004" class="citation book cs1">Bhatt RP, Miller OK Jr (2004). "<i>Amanita</i> subgenus <i>Lepidella</i> and related taxa in the southeastern United States". In Cripps CL (ed.). <i>Fungi in Forest Ecosystems: Systematics, Diversity, and Ecology</i>. New York Botanical Garden Press. pp. 33–59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89327-459-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89327-459-7"><bdi>978-0-89327-459-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Amanita+subgenus+Lepidella+and+related+taxa+in+the+southeastern+United+States&rft.btitle=Fungi+in+Forest+Ecosystems%3A+Systematics%2C+Diversity%2C+and+Ecology&rft.pages=33-59&rft.pub=New+York+Botanical+Garden+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-89327-459-7&rft.aulast=Bhatt&rft.aufirst=RP&rft.au=Miller%2C+OK+Jr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bessette2007-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bessette2007_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBessetteRoodyBessette2007" class="citation book cs1">Bessette AE, Roody WC, Bessette AR (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IB1Gv3jZMmAC&q=Amanita%20ravenelii&pg=PA112"><i>Mushrooms of the Southeastern United States</i></a>. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. p. 112. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3112-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-3112-5"><bdi>978-0-8156-3112-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mushrooms+of+the+Southeastern+United+States&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+New+York&rft.pages=112&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-3112-5&rft.aulast=Bessette&rft.aufirst=AE&rft.au=Roody%2C+WC&rft.au=Bessette%2C+AR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIB1Gv3jZMmAC%26q%3DAmanita%2520ravenelii%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McKnight1987-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McKnight1987_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McKnight1987_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKnightMcKnight1987" class="citation book cs1">McKnight VB, McKnight KH (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kSdA3V7Z9WcC&q=Amanita%20ravenelii&pg=PA208-IA56"><i>A Field Guide to Mushrooms: North America</i></a>. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-395-91090-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-395-91090-0"><bdi>0-395-91090-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Field+Guide+to+Mushrooms%3A+North+America&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=208&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-395-91090-0&rft.aulast=McKnight&rft.aufirst=VB&rft.au=McKnight%2C+KH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkSdA3V7Z9WcC%26q%3DAmanita%2520ravenelii%26pg%3DPA208-IA56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller2006-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miller2006_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller2006_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miller2006_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller_Jr.Miller2006" class="citation book cs1">Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). <i>North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi</i>. Guilford, CN: <a href="/wiki/FalconGuide" class="mw-redirect" title="FalconGuide">FalconGuide</a>. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7627-3109-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7627-3109-1"><bdi>978-0-7627-3109-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=North+American+Mushrooms%3A+A+Field+Guide+to+Edible+and+Inedible+Fungi&rft.place=Guilford%2C+CN&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=FalconGuide&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7627-3109-1&rft.aulast=Miller+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Orson+K.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Hope+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller1990-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miller1990_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller_JrTruebloodJenkins1990" class="citation journal cs1">Miller Jr OK, Trueblood E, Jenkins DT (1990). "Three new species of <i>Amanita</i> from southwestern Idaho and southeastern Oregon". <i>Mycologia</i>. <b>82</b> (1): 120–128. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3759971">10.2307/3759971</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3759971">3759971</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mycologia&rft.atitle=Three+new+species+of+Amanita+from+southwestern+Idaho+and+southeastern+Oregon&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=120-128&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3759971&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3759971%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Miller+Jr&rft.aufirst=OK&rft.au=Trueblood%2C+E&rft.au=Jenkins%2C+DT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jenkins, 1986, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ayala1988-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ayala1988_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyalaManjarrezGuzmanThiers1988" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ayala N, Manjarrez I, Guzman G, Thiers HS (1988). "Fungi from the Baja California Peninsula Mexico III. The known species of the genus <i>Amanita</i>". <i>Revista Mexicana de Micologia</i> (in Spanish). <b>4</b>: 69–74.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Mexicana+de+Micologia&rft.atitle=Fungi+from+the+Baja+California+Peninsula+Mexico+III.+The+known+species+of+the+genus+Amanita&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=69-74&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Ayala&rft.aufirst=N&rft.au=Manjarrez%2C+I&rft.au=Guzman%2C+G&rft.au=Thiers%2C+HS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jenkins, 1986, pp. 5–6.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cited_books">Cited books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amanita_ravenelii&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cited books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins_DB1986" class="citation book cs1">Jenkins DB (1986). <i><span></span></i>Amanita<i> of North America</i>. Eureka, California: Mad River Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-916422-55-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-916422-55-0"><bdi>0-916422-55-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Amanita+of+North+America&rft.place=Eureka%2C+California&rft.pub=Mad+River+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0-916422-55-0&rft.au=Jenkins+DB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmanita+ravenelii" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Amanitas" title="Template:Amanitas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Amanitas" title="Template talk:Amanitas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Amanitas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Amanitas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Amanita_species" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita" title="Amanita">Amanita</a></i> species</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%">Subgenus <i>Amanita</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Amanita</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_albocreata" title="Amanita albocreata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. albocreata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_aliena" title="Amanita aliena"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. aliena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_altipes" title="Amanita altipes"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. altipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_aprica" title="Amanita aprica"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. aprica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_armeniaca" title="Amanita armeniaca"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. armeniaca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_augusta" title="Amanita augusta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. augusta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_breckonii" title="Amanita breckonii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. breckonii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_chrysoblema" title="Amanita chrysoblema"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. chrysoblema</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_diemii" title="Amanita diemii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. diemii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_eliae" title="Amanita eliae"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. eliae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_farinosa" title="Amanita farinosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. farinosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_frostiana" title="Amanita frostiana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. frostiana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_gemmata" title="Amanita gemmata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. gemmata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_gioiosa" title="Amanita gioiosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. gioiosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ibotengutake" title="Amanita ibotengutake"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ibotengutake</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_multisquamosa" title="Amanita multisquamosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. multisquamosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_muscaria" title="Amanita muscaria"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. muscaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_nehuta" title="Amanita nehuta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. nehuta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_orientigemmata" title="Amanita orientigemmata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. orientigemmata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_parcivolvata" title="Amanita parcivolvata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. parcivolvata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_pantherina" title="Amanita pantherina"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. pantherina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_parvipantherina" title="Amanita parvipantherina"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. parvipantherina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_persicina" title="Amanita persicina"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. persicina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_regalis" title="Amanita regalis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. regalis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_roseotincta" title="Amanita roseotincta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. roseotincta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_rubrovolvata" title="Amanita rubrovolvata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. rubrovolvata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_velatipes" title="Amanita velatipes"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. velatipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_virgineoides" title="Amanita virgineoides"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. virgineoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_viscidolutea" title="Amanita viscidolutea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. viscidolutea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_wellsii" title="Amanita wellsii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. wellsii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_xanthocephala" title="Amanita xanthocephala"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. xanthocephala</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Caesareae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_arkansana" title="Amanita arkansana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. arkansana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_basii" title="Amanita basii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. basii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_calyptratoides" title="Amanita calyptratoides"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. calyptratoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_calyptroderma" title="Amanita calyptroderma"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. calyptroderma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_caesarea" title="Amanita caesarea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. caesarea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_caesareoides" title="Amanita caesareoides"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. caesareoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_chepangiana" title="Amanita chepangiana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. chepangiana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_hemibapha" title="Amanita hemibapha"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. hemibapha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_kitamagotake" title="Amanita kitamagotake"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. kitamagotake</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_jacksonii" title="Amanita jacksonii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. jacksonii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_lanei" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita lanei"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. lanei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_princeps" title="Amanita princeps"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. princeps</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_spreta" title="Amanita spreta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. spreta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_yema" title="Amanita yema"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. yema</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_zambiana" title="Amanita zambiana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. zambiana</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Vaginatae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_arctica" title="Amanita arctica"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. arctica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_arenicola" title="Amanita arenicola"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. arenicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_battarrae" title="Amanita battarrae"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. battarrae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_beckeri" title="Amanita beckeri"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. beckeri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_betulae" title="Amanita betulae"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. betulae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ceciliae" title="Amanita ceciliae"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ceciliae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_crocea" title="Amanita crocea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. crocea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_flavescens" title="Amanita flavescens"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. flavescens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_fuligineodisca" title="Amanita fuligineodisca"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. fuligineodisca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_friabilis" title="Amanita friabilis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. friabilis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_fulva" title="Amanita fulva"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. fulva</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_groenlandica" title="Amanita groenlandica"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. groenlandica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_islandica" title="Amanita islandica"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. islandica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_liquii" title="Amanita liquii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. liquii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_lividopallescens" title="Amanita lividopallescens"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. lividopallescens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_mairei" title="Amanita mairei"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. mairei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_nivalis" title="Amanita nivalis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. nivalis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_olivaceogrisea" title="Amanita olivaceogrisea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. olivaceogrisea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_orientifulva" title="Amanita orientifulva"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. orientifulva</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_pachycolea" title="Amanita pachycolea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. pachycolea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_pekeoides" title="Amanita pekeoides"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. pekeoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_protecta" title="Amanita protecta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. protecta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_rhacopus" title="Amanita rhacopus"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. rhacopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_sinicoflava" title="Amanita sinicoflava"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. sinicoflava</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_submembranacea" title="Amanita submembranacea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. submembranacea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_subnudipes" title="Amanita subnudipes"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. subnudipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_umbrinolutea" title="Amanita umbrinolutea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. umbrinolutea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_vaginata" title="Amanita vaginata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. vaginata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_velosa" title="Amanita velosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. velosa</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Amanita_crocea_-_Lindsey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Amanita_crocea_-_Lindsey.jpg/150px-Amanita_crocea_-_Lindsey.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Amanita_crocea_-_Lindsey.jpg/225px-Amanita_crocea_-_Lindsey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Amanita_crocea_-_Lindsey.jpg/300px-Amanita_crocea_-_Lindsey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%">Subgenus <i>Amanitina</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Amidella</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_chepangiana" title="Amanita chepangiana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. chepangiana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_curtipes" title="Amanita curtipes"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. curtipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_gilbertii" title="Amanita gilbertii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. gilbertii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ovoidea" title="Amanita ovoidea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ovoidea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ponderosa" title="Amanita ponderosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ponderosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_proxima" title="Amanita proxima"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. proxima</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_volvata" title="Amanita volvata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. volvata</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Phalloideae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_arocheae" title="Amanita arocheae"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. arocheae</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_bisporigera" title="Amanita bisporigera"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. bisporigera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_elliptosperma" title="Amanita elliptosperma"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. elliptosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_exitialis" title="Amanita exitialis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. exitialis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_fuliginea" title="Amanita fuliginea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. fuliginea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_gayana" title="Amanita gayana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. gayana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_griseorosea" title="Amanita griseorosea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. griseorosea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_hesleri" title="Amanita hesleri"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. hesleri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_hygroscopica" title="Amanita hygroscopica"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. hygroscopica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_magnivelaris" title="Amanita magnivelaris"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. magnivelaris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_marmorata" title="Amanita marmorata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. marmorata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_manginiana" title="Amanita manginiana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. manginiana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_molliuscula" title="Amanita molliuscula"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. molliuscula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ocreata" title="Amanita ocreata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ocreata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_pallidorosea" title="Amanita pallidorosea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. pallidorosea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_parviexitialis" title="Amanita parviexitialis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. parviexitialis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_phalloides" title="Amanita phalloides"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. phalloides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_pseudoporphyria" title="Amanita pseudoporphyria"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. pseudoporphyria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_rimosa" title="Amanita rimosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. rimosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_suballiacea" title="Amanita suballiacea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. suballiacea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_subfuliginea" title="Amanita subfuliginea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. subfuliginea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_subjunquillea" title="Amanita subjunquillea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. subjunquillea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_subpallidorosea" title="Amanita subpallidorosea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. subpallidorosea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_veldiei" title="Amanita veldiei"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. veldiei</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_verna" title="Amanita verna"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. verna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_virosa" title="Amanita virosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. virosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_virosiformis" title="Amanita virosiformis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. virosiformis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_volvarielloides" title="Amanita volvarielloides"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. volvarielloides</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Roanokenses</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_abrupta" title="Amanita abrupta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. abrupta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_atkinsoniana" title="Amanita atkinsoniana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. atkinsoniana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_austroviridis" title="Amanita austroviridis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. austroviridis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ananiceps" title="Amanita ananiceps"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ananiceps</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_carneiphylla" title="Amanita carneiphylla"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. carneiphylla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_chlorinosma" title="Amanita chlorinosma"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. chlorinosma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_cinereovelata" title="Amanita cinereovelata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. cinereovelata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_cokeri" title="Amanita cokeri"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. cokeri</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_daucipes" title="Amanita daucipes"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. daucipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_echinocephala" title="Amanita echinocephala"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. echinocephala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_kotohiraensis" title="Amanita kotohiraensis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. kotohiraensis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_lesueurii" title="Amanita lesueurii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. lesueurii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_longipes" title="Amanita longipes"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. longipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_magniverrucata" title="Amanita magniverrucata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. magniverrucata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_mutabilis" title="Amanita mutabilis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. mutabilis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_neoovoidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita neoovoidea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. neoovoidea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ochrophylla" title="Amanita ochrophylla"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ochrophylla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ochrophylloides" title="Amanita ochrophylloides"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ochrophylloides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_onusta" title="Amanita onusta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. onusta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_ovoidea" title="Amanita ovoidea"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ovoidea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_polypyramis" title="Amanita polypyramis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. polypyramis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_pyramidifera" title="Amanita pyramidifera"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. pyramidifera</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. ravenelii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_rhopalopus" title="Amanita rhopalopus"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. rhopalopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_sculpta" title="Amanita sculpta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. sculpta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_smithiana" title="Amanita smithiana"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. smithiana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_solitaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita solitaria"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. solitaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_sphaerobulbosa" title="Amanita sphaerobulbosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. sphaerobulbosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_strobiliformis" title="Amanita strobiliformis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. strobiliformis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_westii" title="Amanita westii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. westii</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Validae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_aestivalis" title="Amanita aestivalis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. aestivalis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_australis" title="Amanita australis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. australis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_brunnescens" title="Amanita brunnescens"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. brunnescens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_brunneolocularis" title="Amanita brunneolocularis"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. brunneolocularis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_canescens" title="Amanita canescens"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. canescens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_citrina" title="Amanita citrina"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. citrina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_elongata" title="Amanita elongata"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. elongata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_excelsa" title="Amanita excelsa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. excelsa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_excelsa_v._spissa" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita excelsa v. spissa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. excelsa v. spissa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_flavella" title="Amanita flavella"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. flavella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_flavipes" title="Amanita flavipes"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. flavipes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_flavoconia" title="Amanita flavoconia"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. flavoconia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_flavorubens" title="Amanita flavorubens"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. flavorubens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_franchetii" title="Amanita franchetii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. franchetii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_luteofusca" title="Amanita luteofusca"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. luteofusca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_nothofagi" title="Amanita nothofagi"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. nothofagi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_novinupta" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita novinupta"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. novinupta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_porphyria" title="Amanita porphyria"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. porphyria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_rubescens" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita rubescens"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. rubescens</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_silvicola" title="Amanita silvicola"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. silvicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_solaniolens" title="Amanita solaniolens"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. solaniolens</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%">Subgenus <i>Lepidella</i><br />(=<a href="/wiki/Saproamanita" title="Saproamanita">Saproamanita</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Section_Lepidella(=Saproamanita)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BABFA3;width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Section <i>Lepidella</i><br />(=<a href="/wiki/Saproamanita" title="Saproamanita">Saproamanita</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_nauseosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita nauseosa"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. nauseosa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_prairiicola" title="Amanita prairiicola"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. prairiicola</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_thiersii" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita thiersii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. thiersii</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_vittadinii" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita vittadinii"><abbr title="Amanita">A</abbr>. vittadinii</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Amanita ravenelii</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4739883" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q4739883">Q4739883</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/6692054">6692054</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5452454">5452454</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/350056">350056</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Index_Fungorum" title="Index Fungorum">IndexFungorum</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=162136">162136</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/MycoBank" title="MycoBank">MycoBank</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mycobank.org/MB/162136">162136</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=2303119">2303119</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=3829939">3829939</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Index_Fungorum" title="Index Fungorum">SpeciesFungorum</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=162136">162136</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Agaricus ravenelii</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59420162" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q59420162">Q59420162</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5458000">5458000</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Index_Fungorum" title="Index Fungorum">IndexFungorum</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=452853">452853</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/MycoBank" title="MycoBank">MycoBank</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mycobank.org/MB/452853">452853</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=3820555">3820555</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Index_Fungorum" title="Index Fungorum">SpeciesFungorum</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=452853">452853</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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