CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="preload" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/astra-local-fonts/inter-tight/NGSnv5HMAFg6IuGlBNMjxJEL2VmU3NS7Z2mjPQ-aWy5S.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/astra-local-fonts/poppins/pxiEyp8kv8JHgFVrJJfecg.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><link rel="preload" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/astra-local-fonts/roboto/KFOMCnqEu92Fr1ME7kSn66aGLdTylUAMQXC89YmC2DPNWuYjalmUiAo.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin><meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <title>USP 51 Antimicrobial Effectiveness Testing Service</title> <meta name="description" content="USP 51 also known as Antimicrobial Effectiveness Test (AET). MIS performs USP test to determine antimicrobial activity of preservatives in pharmaceutical products" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/usp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="USP 51" /> <meta property="og:description" content="USP 51 also known as Antimicrobial Effectiveness Test (AET). MIS performs USP test to determine antimicrobial activity of preservatives in pharmaceutical products" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://microbe-investigations.com/usp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Swiss Anti-Bacterial & Anti-Viral Testing Laboratory, ISO Certified | MIS" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2025-01-17T14:25:05+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Courier-Delivery-1.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="200" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="5 minutes" />  <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Swiss Anti-Bacterial & Anti-Viral Testing Laboratory, ISO Certified | MIS » Feed" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Swiss Anti-Bacterial & Anti-Viral Testing Laboratory, ISO Certified | MIS » Comments Feed" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/comments/feed/" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-theme-css-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/css/minified/main.min.css?ver=4.8.10' media='all' /> <style id='astra-theme-css-inline-css'> :root{--ast-post-nav-space:0;--ast-container-default-xlg-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-lg-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-slg-padding:2em;--ast-container-default-md-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-sm-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-xs-padding:2.4em;--ast-container-default-xxs-padding:1.8em;--ast-code-block-background:#EEEEEE;--ast-comment-inputs-background:#FAFAFA;--ast-normal-container-width:1200px;--ast-narrow-container-width:750px;--ast-blog-title-font-weight:normal;--ast-blog-meta-weight:inherit;--ast-global-color-primary:var(--ast-global-color-5);--ast-global-color-secondary:var(--ast-global-color-4);--ast-global-color-alternate-background:var(--ast-global-color-7);--ast-global-color-subtle-background:var(--ast-global-color-6);}html{font-size:93.75%;}a{color:#ee1938;}a:hover,a:focus{color:#ee1938;}body,button,input,select,textarea,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button{font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:15px;font-size:1rem;line-height:var(--ast-body-line-height,1.65em);}blockquote{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}p,.entry-content p{margin-bottom:0.5em;}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6,.site-title,.site-title a{font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;font-weight:700;}.site-title{font-size:35px;font-size:2.3333333333333rem;display:none;}header .custom-logo-link img{max-width:220px;width:220px;}.astra-logo-svg{width:220px;}.site-header .site-description{font-size:15px;font-size:1rem;display:none;}.entry-title{font-size:26px;font-size:1.7333333333333rem;}.archive .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner,.blog .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner,.archive .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner:hover,.blog .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner:hover{overflow:hidden;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:64px;font-size:4.2666666666667rem;font-weight:700;font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;line-height:1.4em;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:48px;font-size:3.2rem;font-weight:700;font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;line-height:1.3em;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:24px;font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:700;font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;line-height:1.3em;}h4,.entry-content h4{font-size:20px;font-size:1.3333333333333rem;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:700;font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;}h5,.entry-content h5{font-size:18px;font-size:1.2rem;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:700;font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;}h6,.entry-content h6{font-size:15px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25em;font-weight:700;font-family:'Roboto',sans-serif;}::selection{background-color:#ee1938;color:#ffffff;}body,h1,.entry-title a,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.tagcloud a:hover,.tagcloud a:focus,.tagcloud a.current-item{color:#ffffff;border-color:#ee1938;background-color:#ee1938;}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,textarea:focus{border-color:#ee1938;}input[type="radio"]:checked,input[type=reset],input[type="checkbox"]:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:hover:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:focus:checked,input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb{border-color:#ee1938;background-color:#ee1938;box-shadow:none;}.site-footer a:hover + .post-count,.site-footer a:focus + .post-count{background:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}.single .nav-links .nav-previous,.single .nav-links .nav-next{color:#ee1938;}.entry-meta,.entry-meta *{line-height:1.45;color:#ee1938;}.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):hover,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):hover *,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):focus,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):focus *,.page-links > .page-link,.page-links .page-link:hover,.post-navigation a:hover{color:#ee1938;}#cat option,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a:visited{color:#ee1938;}.secondary .calendar_wrap #today,.ast-progress-val span{background:#ee1938;}.secondary a:hover + .post-count,.secondary a:focus + .post-count{background:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}.calendar_wrap #today > a{color:#ffffff;}.page-links .page-link,.single .post-navigation a{color:#ee1938;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-form button.search-submit{padding:0 4px;}.ast-search-menu-icon form.search-form{padding-right:0;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field{width:0;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field:focus{transition:all 0.2s;}.search-form input.search-field:focus{outline:none;}.ast-archive-title{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.widget-title,.widget .wp-block-heading{font-size:21px;font-size:1.4rem;color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.ast-single-post .entry-content a,.ast-comment-content a:not(.ast-comment-edit-reply-wrap a){text-decoration:underline;}.ast-single-post .wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link,.ast-single-post .elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button,.ast-single-post .entry-content .uagb-tab a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .uagb-ifb-cta a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .wp-block-uagb-buttons a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .uabb-module-content a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .uagb-post-grid a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .uagb-timeline a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .uagb-toc__wrap a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .uagb-taxomony-box a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .woocommerce a,.entry-content .wp-block-latest-posts > li > a,.ast-single-post .entry-content .wp-block-file__button,li.ast-post-filter-single,.ast-single-post .wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link,.ast-single-post .ast-comment-content .comment-reply-link,.ast-single-post .ast-comment-content .comment-edit-link{text-decoration:none;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search a:focus-visible:focus-visible,.astra-search-icon:focus-visible,#close:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,.ast-menu-toggle:focus-visible,.site .skip-link:focus-visible,.wp-block-loginout input:focus-visible,.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper,.ast-header-navigation-arrow:focus-visible,.woocommerce .wc-proceed-to-checkout > .checkout-button:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li a:focus-visible,.ast-orders-table__row .ast-orders-table__cell:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-order-details .order-again > .button:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-message a.button.wc-forward:focus-visible,.woocommerce #minus_qty:focus-visible,.woocommerce #plus_qty:focus-visible,a#ast-apply-coupon:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-info a:focus-visible,.woocommerce .astra-shop-summary-wrap a:focus-visible,.woocommerce a.wc-forward:focus-visible,#ast-apply-coupon:focus-visible,.woocommerce-js .woocommerce-mini-cart-item a.remove:focus-visible,#close:focus-visible,.button.search-submit:focus-visible,#search_submit:focus,.normal-search:focus-visible,.ast-header-account-wrap:focus-visible,.woocommerce .ast-on-card-button.ast-quick-view-trigger:focus{outline-style:dotted;outline-color:inherit;outline-width:thin;}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,.wp-block-search__input:focus,[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal:focus,.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .menu-toggle-close:focus,.woocommerce-ordering select.orderby:focus,#ast-scroll-top:focus,#coupon_code:focus,.woocommerce-page #comment:focus,.woocommerce #reviews #respond input#submit:focus,.woocommerce a.add_to_cart_button:focus,.woocommerce .button.single_add_to_cart_button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-cart-form button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-cart-form__cart-item .quantity .qty:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-billing-fields .woocommerce-billing-fields__field-wrapper .woocommerce-input-wrapper > .input-text:focus,.woocommerce #order_comments:focus,.woocommerce #place_order:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-address-fields .woocommerce-address-fields__field-wrapper .woocommerce-input-wrapper > .input-text:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-content form button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-content .woocommerce-EditAccountForm .woocommerce-form-row .woocommerce-Input.input-text:focus,.woocommerce .ast-woocommerce-container .woocommerce-pagination ul.page-numbers li a:focus,body #content .woocommerce form .form-row .select2-container--default .select2-selection--single:focus,#ast-coupon-code:focus,.woocommerce.woocommerce-js .quantity input[type=number]:focus,.woocommerce-js .woocommerce-mini-cart-item .quantity input[type=number]:focus,.woocommerce p#ast-coupon-trigger:focus{border-style:dotted;border-color:inherit;border-width:thin;}input{outline:none;}.site-logo-img img{ transition:all 0.2s linear;}body .ast-oembed-container *{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;}body .wp-block-embed-pocket-casts .ast-oembed-container *{position:unset;}.ast-single-post-featured-section + article {margin-top: 2em;}.site-content .ast-single-post-featured-section img {width: 100%;overflow: hidden;object-fit: cover;}.site > .ast-single-related-posts-container {margin-top: 0;}@media (min-width: 922px) {.ast-desktop .ast-container--narrow {max-width: var(--ast-narrow-container-width);margin: 0 auto;}}.ast-page-builder-template .hentry {margin: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .site-content > .ast-container {max-width: 100%;padding: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .site .site-content #primary {padding: 0;margin: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .no-results {text-align: center;margin: 4em auto;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-pagination {padding: 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header.ast-no-title.ast-no-thumbnail {margin-top: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header.ast-header-without-markup {margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header.ast-no-title.ast-no-meta {margin-bottom: 0;}.ast-page-builder-template.single .post-navigation {padding-bottom: 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template.single-post .site-content > .ast-container {max-width: 100%;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header {margin-top: 2em;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-archive-description {margin: 2em auto 0;padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-row {margin-left: 0;margin-right: 0;}.single.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header + .entry-content,.single.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-entry-banner + .site-content article .entry-content {margin-bottom: 2em;}@media(min-width: 921px) {.ast-page-builder-template.archive.ast-right-sidebar .ast-row article,.ast-page-builder-template.archive.ast-left-sidebar .ast-row article {padding-left: 0;padding-right: 0;}}@media (max-width:921.9px){#ast-desktop-header{display:none;}}@media (min-width:922px){#ast-mobile-header{display:none;}}.wp-block-buttons.aligncenter{justify-content:center;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-theme-transparent-header #primary,.ast-theme-transparent-header #secondary{padding:0;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{padding:0;}}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link{border-color:#ee1938;}div.wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color),div.wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color){color:#ee1938;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:focus,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color):hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}.post-page-numbers.current .page-link,.ast-pagination .page-numbers.current{color:#ffffff;border-color:#ee1938;background-color:#ee1938;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button,.ast-outline-button{border-color:#ee1938;font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:1em;}.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color),.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color),.ast-outline-button{color:#ee1938;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:focus,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color):hover,.ast-outline-button:hover,.ast-outline-button:focus,.wp-block-uagb-buttons-child .uagb-buttons-repeater.ast-outline-button:hover,.wp-block-uagb-buttons-child .uagb-buttons-repeater.ast-outline-button:focus{color:#ffffff;background-color:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button.is-style-outline:not(.has-background),.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button:not(.has-background),.ast-outline-button{background-color:transparent;}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > figure{margin-bottom:1em;}h1.widget-title{font-weight:700;}h2.widget-title{font-weight:700;}h3.widget-title{font-weight:700;}#page{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:100vh;}.ast-404-layout-1 h1.page-title{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.single .post-navigation a{line-height:1em;height:inherit;}.error-404 .page-sub-title{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:inherit;}.search .site-content .content-area .search-form{margin-bottom:0;}#page .site-content{flex-grow:1;}.widget{margin-bottom:1.25em;}#secondary li{line-height:1.5em;}#secondary .wp-block-group h2{margin-bottom:0.7em;}#secondary h2{font-size:1.7rem;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond{padding:3em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single .ast-article-single{padding:0;}.ast-article-single .wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid{padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding:1.5em 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .comment-form-textarea,.ast-comment-formwrap .ast-grid-common-col{padding:0;}.ast-comment-formwrap{padding:0;display:inline-flex;column-gap:20px;width:100%;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.comments-area textarea#comment:focus,.comments-area textarea#comment:active,.comments-area .ast-comment-formwrap input[type="text"]:focus,.comments-area .ast-comment-formwrap input[type="text"]:active {box-shadow:none;outline:none;}.archive.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header{margin-top:2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-comment-formwrap{width:100%;}.entry-title{margin-bottom:0.5em;}.ast-archive-description p{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.hentry{margin-bottom:2em;}@media (min-width:921px){.ast-left-sidebar.ast-page-builder-template #secondary,.archive.ast-right-sidebar.ast-page-builder-template .site-main{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-comment-formwrap.ast-row{column-gap:10px;display:inline-block;}#ast-commentform .ast-grid-common-col{position:relative;width:100%;}}@media (min-width:1201px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-author-box,.ast-separate-container .ast-404-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .no-results{padding:3em;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-separate-container #secondary{padding:1.5em 0;}#primary,#secondary{padding:1.5em 0;margin:0;}.ast-left-sidebar #content > .ast-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;width:100%;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary{border:0;}.search-no-results.ast-separate-container #primary{margin-bottom:4em;}}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{border-style:solid;text-decoration:none;border-top-width:0;border-right-width:0;border-left-width:0;border-bottom-width:0;}body .elementor-button.elementor-size-sm,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-xs,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-md,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-lg,body .elementor-button.elementor-size-xl,body .elementor-button{padding-top:15px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:15px;padding-left:30px;}@media (max-width:921px){.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-sm,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-xs,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-md,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-lg,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-xl,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{padding-top:14px;padding-right:28px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:28px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-sm,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-xs,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-md,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-lg,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button.elementor-size-xl,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{padding-top:12px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:24px;}}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{border-color:#ee1938;background-color:#ee1938;}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:hover,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button:focus{color:#ffffff;background-color:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link ,.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{color:#ffffff;}.elementor-button-wrapper .elementor-button{line-height:1em;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:focus{color:#ffffff;background-color:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}.elementor-widget-heading h1.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.4em;}.elementor-widget-heading h2.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.3em;}.elementor-widget-heading h3.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.3em;}.elementor-widget-heading h4.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h5.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h6.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.25em;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link,.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button{border-color:#ee1938;background-color:#ee1938;color:#ffffff;font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:1em;padding-top:15px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:15px;padding-left:30px;}@media (max-width:921px){.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link,.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button{padding-top:14px;padding-right:28px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:28px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link,.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button{padding-top:12px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:24px;}}.menu-toggle,button,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button,.button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"],form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button,.search .search-submit{border-style:solid;border-top-width:0;border-right-width:0;border-left-width:0;border-bottom-width:0;color:#ffffff;border-color:#ee1938;background-color:#ee1938;padding-top:15px;padding-right:30px;padding-bottom:15px;padding-left:30px;font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:1em;}button:focus,.menu-toggle:hover,button:hover,.ast-button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover .button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover ,input[type=reset]:hover,input[type=reset]:focus,input#submit:hover,input#submit:focus,input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:focus,form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button:hover,form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button:focus,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button:hover,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button:focus{color:#ffffff;background-color:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button.has-icon{padding-top:calc(15px - 3px);padding-right:calc(30px - 3px);padding-bottom:calc(15px - 3px);padding-left:calc(30px - 3px);}@media (max-width:921px){.menu-toggle,button,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button,.button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"],form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button,.search .search-submit{padding-top:14px;padding-right:28px;padding-bottom:14px;padding-left:28px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.menu-toggle,button,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button,.button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"],form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button,.search .search-submit{padding-top:12px;padding-right:24px;padding-bottom:12px;padding-left:24px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon{display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-outside .ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-icon{margin:0;}.ast-comment-avatar-wrap img{max-width:2.5em;}.ast-comment-meta{padding:0 1.8888em 1.3333em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .comment-respond{padding:2em 2.14em;}}@media (min-width:544px){.ast-container{max-width:100%;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{padding:1.5em 1em;}.ast-separate-container #content .ast-container{padding-left:0.54em;padding-right:0.54em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list .bypostauthor{padding:.5em;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field{width:170px;}} #ast-mobile-header .ast-site-header-cart-li a{pointer-events:none;}@media (min-width:545px){.ast-page-builder-template .comments-area,.single.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header,.single.ast-page-builder-template .post-navigation,.single.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-related-posts-container{max-width:1240px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}}.ast-separate-container{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.site-title{display:none;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:30px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:25px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.site-title{display:none;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:30px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:25px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:20px;}}@media (max-width:921px){html{font-size:85.5%;}}@media (max-width:544px){html{font-size:85.5%;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-container{max-width:1240px;}}@media (min-width:922px){.site-content .ast-container{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:921px){.site-content .ast-container{flex-direction:column;}}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu:hover > .sub-menu,.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu.focus > .sub-menu{margin-left:-0px;}}.site .comments-area{padding-bottom:3em;}.wp-block-file {display: flex;align-items: center;flex-wrap: wrap;justify-content: space-between;}.wp-block-pullquote {border: none;}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote::before {content: "\201D";font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif;display: flex;transform: rotate( 180deg );font-size: 6rem;font-style: normal;line-height: 1;font-weight: bold;align-items: center;justify-content: center;}.has-text-align-right > blockquote::before {justify-content: flex-start;}.has-text-align-left > blockquote::before {justify-content: flex-end;}figure.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote {max-width: 100%;text-align: inherit;}:root {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-container-width: 1200px;--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size: 1200px;--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size: calc(1200px + var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding) + var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding));}.ast-narrow-container {--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size: 750px;--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size: 750px;}@media(max-width: 921px) {:root {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 2em;}}@media(max-width: 544px) {:root {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 1.5em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 3em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 1.5em;}}.entry-content > .wp-block-group,.entry-content > .wp-block-cover,.entry-content > .wp-block-columns {padding-top: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding);padding-right: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding);padding-bottom: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding);padding-left: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding);}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content > .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-no-sidebar .entry-content > .alignfull {margin-left: calc( -50vw + 50%);margin-right: calc( -50vw + 50%);max-width: 100vw;width: 100vw;}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide {margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width: 100%;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-dots) {height: 0;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator {margin: 20px auto;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots) {max-width: 100px;}[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator.has-background {padding: 0;}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > * {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size);}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull {max-width: none;}.entry-content .wp-block-columns {margin-bottom: 0;}blockquote {margin: 1.5em;border-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.wp-block-quote:not(.has-text-align-right):not(.has-text-align-center) {border-left: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.has-text-align-right > blockquote,blockquote.has-text-align-right {border-right: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.has-text-align-left > blockquote,blockquote.has-text-align-left {border-left: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.wp-block-site-tagline,.wp-block-latest-posts .read-more {margin-top: 15px;}.wp-block-loginout p label {display: block;}.wp-block-loginout p:not(.login-remember):not(.login-submit) input {width: 100%;}.wp-block-loginout input:focus {border-color: transparent;}.wp-block-loginout input:focus {outline: thin dotted;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 0 0 0 8%;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 0 8% 0 0;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-background .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8%;}.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]):not(.has-text-color.has-link-color) .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-image-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-image-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-text {color: var(--ast-global-color-primary,var(--ast-global-color-5));}.wp-block-loginout .login-remember input {width: 1.1rem;height: 1.1rem;margin: 0 5px 4px 0;vertical-align: middle;}.wp-block-latest-posts > li > *:first-child,.wp-block-latest-posts:not(.is-grid) > li:first-child {margin-top: 0;}.entry-content > .wp-block-buttons,.entry-content > .wp-block-uagb-buttons {margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input {padding: 0 10px;color: var(--ast-global-color-3);background: var(--ast-global-color-primary,var(--ast-global-color-5));border-color: var(--ast-border-color);}.wp-block-latest-posts .read-more {margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.wp-block-search__no-button .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input {padding-top: 5px;padding-bottom: 5px;}.wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-date,.wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-author {font-size: 1rem;}.wp-block-latest-posts > li > *,.wp-block-latest-posts:not(.is-grid) > li {margin-top: 12px;margin-bottom: 12px;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > *,.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignfull:not(.wp-block-group):not(.uagb-is-root-container) > * {max-width: none;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide:not(.uagb-is-root-container) > * {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size);}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .inherit-container-width > *,.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > *:not(.wp-block-group):not(.uagb-is-root-container) > *,.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover__inner-container {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size) ;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-cover:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright) {width: auto;}@media(max-width: 1200px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content > .alignfull,.ast-separate-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: calc(-1 * min(var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding),20px)) ;margin-right: calc(-1 * min(var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding),20px));}}@media(min-width: 1201px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content > .alignfull {margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding) );margin-right: calc(-1 * var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding) );}.ast-separate-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide {margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding) );margin-right: calc(-1 * var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding) );}}@media(min-width: 921px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide:not(.inherit-container-width) > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright)),.ast-plain-container .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide:not(.inherit-container-width) > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright)) {max-width: calc( var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size) + 80px );}.ast-plain-container.ast-right-sidebar .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-left-sidebar .entry-content[data-ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull {margin-left: -60px;margin-right: -60px;}}@media(min-width: 544px) {.entry-content > .alignleft {margin-right: 20px;}.entry-content > .alignright {margin-left: 20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.wp-block-columns .wp-block-column:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:20px;}.wp-block-latest-posts{margin:0;}}@media( max-width: 600px ) {.entry-content .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content,.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8% 0 0;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-background .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8%;}}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header {padding-left: 0;}.ast-narrow-container .site-content .wp-block-uagb-image--align-full .wp-block-uagb-image__figure {max-width: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root{--ast-global-color-0:#046bd2;--ast-global-color-1:#045cb4;--ast-global-color-2:#ffffff;--ast-global-color-3:#ffffff;--ast-global-color-4:#f9fafb;--ast-global-color-5:#FFFFFF;--ast-global-color-6:#ffffff;--ast-global-color-7:#ffffff;--ast-global-color-8:#ffffff;}:root {--ast-border-color : var(--ast-global-color-6);}.ast-single-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: #eeeeee;}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {max-width: 1200px;background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-single-entry-banner + .site-content .entry-header {margin-bottom: 0;}.site .ast-author-avatar {--ast-author-avatar-size: ;}a.ast-underline-text {text-decoration: underline;}.ast-container > .ast-terms-link {position: relative;display: block;}a.ast-button.ast-badge-tax {padding: 4px 8px;border-radius: 3px;font-size: inherit;}header.entry-header > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-archive-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: #eeeeee;}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;text-align: left;}body.archive .ast-archive-description{max-width:1200px;width:100%;text-align:left;padding-top:3em;padding-right:3em;padding-bottom:3em;padding-left:3em;}body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title,body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title *{font-size:40px;font-size:2.6666666666667rem;text-transform:capitalize;}body.archive .ast-archive-description > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px;}@media (max-width:921px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}@media (max-width:544px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items li{display:inline-block;margin:0;padding:0;border:none;background:inherit;text-indent:0;text-decoration:none;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse{font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;color:inherit;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items{list-style:none;}.trail-items li::after{padding:0 0.3em;content:"\00bb";}.trail-items li:last-of-type::after{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.entry-title a{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-firstrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:first-child,.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-lastrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:last-child{grid-column:1 / -1;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-3-firstrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:first-child,.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-3-lastrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:last-child{grid-column:1 / -1;}}.ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}}[data-section*="section-hb-button-"] .menu-link{display:none;}.ast-header-button-1[data-section*="section-hb-button-"] .ast-builder-button-wrap .ast-custom-button{font-family:'Inter Tight',sans-serif;font-weight:500;font-size:1rem;}.ast-header-button-1 .ast-custom-button{color:#ffffff;background:#ee1938;border-color:#ee1938;}.ast-header-button-1[data-section*="section-hb-button-"] .ast-builder-button-wrap .ast-custom-button{padding-top:16px;padding-bottom:16px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-header-button-1[data-section="section-hb-button-1"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-button-1[data-section="section-hb-button-1"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-button-1[data-section="section-hb-button-1"]{display:flex;}}.ast-builder-menu-1{font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);padding-top:18px;padding-bottom:18px;padding-left:18px;padding-right:18px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-builder-menu-1 .current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu{border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-color:#ee1938;border-style:solid;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu .sub-menu{top:0px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:1px;}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu:before,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper:before{height:calc( 1px + 0px + 5px );}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:18px;right:calc( 18px - 0.907em );}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link{border-style:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:-15px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}.ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}}.ast-builder-html-element img.alignnone{display:inline-block;}.ast-builder-html-element p:first-child{margin-top:0;}.ast-builder-html-element p:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .ast-builder-html-element{line-height:1.85714285714286;}.ast-header-html-1 .ast-builder-html-element{font-size:15px;font-size:1rem;}.ast-header-html-1{font-size:15px;font-size:1rem;}.ast-header-html-1{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-html-1{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-html-1{display:flex;}}.main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-search-icon {display: block;z-index: 4;position: relative;}.ast-search-icon .ast-icon {z-index: 4;}.ast-search-icon {z-index: 4;position: relative;line-height: normal;}.main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {background-color: #ffffff;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active.slide-search .search-form {visibility: visible;opacity: 1;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {border: 1px solid #e7e7e7;line-height: normal;padding: 0 3em 0 0;border-radius: 2px;display: inline-block;-webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;backface-visibility: hidden;position: relative;color: inherit;background-color: #fff;}.ast-search-menu-icon .astra-search-icon {-js-display: flex;display: flex;line-height: normal;}.ast-search-menu-icon .astra-search-icon:focus {outline: none;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-field {border: none;background-color: transparent;transition: all .3s;border-radius: inherit;color: inherit;font-size: inherit;width: 0;color: #757575;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit {display: none;background: none;border: none;font-size: 1.3em;color: #757575;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active {visibility: visible;opacity: 1;position: relative;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field,.ast-dropdown-active.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field {width: 235px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-form {-js-display: flex;display: flex;align-items: center;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field {width : 100%;padding : 0.60em;padding-right : 5.5em;transition: all 0.2s;}.site-header-section-left .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form {padding-left: 2em;padding-right: unset;left: -1em;right: unset;}.site-header-section-left .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form .search-field {margin-right: unset;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form {-webkit-backface-visibility: visible;backface-visibility: visible;visibility: hidden;opacity: 0;transition: all .2s;position: absolute;z-index: 3;right: -1em;top: 50%;transform: translateY(-50%);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form .search-field:-ms-input-placeholder,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form .search-field:-ms-input-placeholder{opacity:0.5;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-form{-js-display:flex;display:flex;align-items:center;}.ast-builder-layout-element.ast-header-search{height:auto;}.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{color:#ee1938;font-size:24px;}.ast-header-search .search-field::placeholder,.ast-header-search .ast-icon{color:#ee1938;}.ast-hfb-header .site-header-section > .ast-header-search,.ast-hfb-header .ast-header-search{margin-right:1.5em;}.ast-header-search form.search-form .search-field,.ast-header-search .ast-dropdown-active.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field{width:185px;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{font-size:18px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{font-size:18px;}}.ast-header-search{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search{display:flex;}}.header-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-header-widget-1"]{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .header-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-header-widget-1"]{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .header-widget-area[data-section="sidebar-widgets-header-widget-1"]{display:block;}}.footer-widget-area.widget-area.site-footer-focus-item{width:auto;}.ast-footer-row-inline .footer-widget-area.widget-area.site-footer-focus-item{width:100%;}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title{margin:0;}.elementor-page .ast-menu-toggle{color:unset !important;background:unset !important;}.elementor-post.elementor-grid-item.hentry{margin-bottom:0;}.woocommerce div.product .elementor-element.elementor-products-grid .related.products ul.products li.product,.elementor-element .elementor-wc-products .woocommerce[class*='columns-'] ul.products li.product{width:auto;margin:0;float:none;}.elementor-toc__list-wrapper{margin:0;}body .elementor hr{background-color:#ccc;margin:0;}.ast-left-sidebar .elementor-section.elementor-section-stretched,.ast-right-sidebar .elementor-section.elementor-section-stretched{max-width:100%;left:0 !important;}.elementor-posts-container [CLASS*="ast-width-"]{width:100%;}.elementor-template-full-width .ast-container{display:block;}.elementor-screen-only,.screen-reader-text,.screen-reader-text span,.ui-helper-hidden-accessible{top:0 !important;}@media (max-width:544px){.elementor-element .elementor-wc-products .woocommerce[class*="columns-"] ul.products li.product{width:auto;margin:0;}.elementor-element .woocommerce .woocommerce-result-count{float:none;}}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;}}.main-header-menu .menu-item, #astra-footer-menu .menu-item, .main-header-bar .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{-js-display:flex;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link, #astra-footer-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{height:100%;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-js-display:flex;display:flex;}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation ul .menu-item .menu-link .icon-arrow:first-of-type svg{top:.2em;margin-top:0px;margin-left:0px;width:.65em;transform:translate(0, -2px) rotateZ(270deg);}.ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle{transform:rotateX(180deg);overflow-y:auto;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-builder-menu .main-navigation > ul > li:last-child a{margin-right:0;}}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-inner{background-color:transparent;background-image:none;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post), .woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container, .ast-separate-container .error-404, .ast-separate-container .no-results, .single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta, .ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper, .ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content, .ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description, .ast-separate-container .comments-area .comment-respond, .ast-separate-container .comments-area .ast-comment-list li, .ast-separate-container .comments-area .comments-title{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post), .woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container, .ast-separate-container .error-404, .ast-separate-container .no-results, .single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta, .ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper, .ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content, .ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post), .woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container, .ast-separate-container .error-404, .ast-separate-container .no-results, .single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta, .ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper, .ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content, .ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}.ast-plain-container, .ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-plain-container, .ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-plain-container, .ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);background-image:none;}}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-primary-header-bar,.ast-primary-header-bar .site-primary-header-wrap{min-height:110px;}.ast-desktop .ast-primary-header-bar .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:110px;}.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-primary-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{border-bottom-width:0px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-primary-header-bar{border-bottom-width:0px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}}.ast-primary-header-bar{background-color:#121212;background-image:none;}.ast-desktop .ast-primary-header-bar.main-header-bar, .ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-primary-header-bar.main-header-bar{padding-left:3em;padding-right:3em;}.ast-primary-header-bar{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu, .ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link, .ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link{border-style:none;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}.ast-above-header .main-header-bar-navigation{height:100%;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item .menu-link{border:none;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before{font-size:.6rem;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle::before{transform:rotateX(180deg);}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar ,.ast-above-header-bar .site-above-header-wrap{min-height:56px;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-bar .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:56px;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-bar .ast-header-woo-cart,.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-bar .ast-header-edd-cart{line-height:56px;}.ast-above-header-bar{border-bottom-width:0px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}.ast-above-header.ast-above-header-bar{background-color:#121212;background-image:none;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-bar{background-color:#121212;}@media (max-width:921px){#masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}.ast-above-header-bar{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-bar{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-bar{display:grid;}}:root{--e-global-color-astglobalcolor0:#046bd2;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor1:#045cb4;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor2:#ffffff;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor3:#ffffff;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor4:#f9fafb;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor5:#FFFFFF;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor6:#ffffff;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor7:#ffffff;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor8:#ffffff;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-google-fonts-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/astra-local-fonts/astra-local-fonts.css?ver=4.8.10' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-menu-animation-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/css/minified/menu-animation.min.css?ver=4.8.10' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-widgets-style-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/header-footer-elementor/inc/widgets-css/frontend.css?ver=2.2.0' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0: var(--ast-global-color-0);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1: var(--ast-global-color-1);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2: var(--ast-global-color-2);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3: var(--ast-global-color-3);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4: var(--ast-global-color-4);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5: var(--ast-global-color-5);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6: var(--ast-global-color-6);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7: var(--ast-global-color-7);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8: var(--ast-global-color-8);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);--wp--style--global--wide-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size); }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: 24px; margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: 24px; }:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 24px;}:root :where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 24px;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: none;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=6.0.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-contact-form-7-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/css/minified/compatibility/contact-form-7-main.min.css?ver=4.8.10' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-law-info-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/cookie-law-info/legacy/public/css/cookie-law-info-public.css?ver=3.2.8' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-law-info-gdpr-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/cookie-law-info/legacy/public/css/cookie-law-info-gdpr.css?ver=3.2.8' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='nbcpf-intlTelInput-style-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/country-phone-field-contact-form-7/assets/css/intlTelInput.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='nbcpf-countryFlag-style-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/country-phone-field-contact-form-7/assets/css/countrySelect.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpa-css-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/honeypot/includes/css/wpa.css?ver=2.2.06' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wpcf7-redirect-script-frontend-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/wpcf7-redirect/build/css/wpcf7-redirect-frontend.min.css?ver=1.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-style-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/header-footer-elementor/assets/css/header-footer-elementor.css?ver=2.2.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-frontend-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/frontend.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eael-general-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/essential-addons-for-elementor-lite/assets/front-end/css/view/general.min.css?ver=6.1.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eael-7379-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/essential-addons-elementor/eael-7379.css?ver=1737143705' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/eicons/css/elementor-icons.min.css?ver=5.35.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-8-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-8.css?ver=1739798621' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-icon-list-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-icon-list.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-heading-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-heading.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-text-editor-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-text-editor.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-image-box-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-image-box.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-divider-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-divider.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-sticky-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/css/modules/sticky.min.css?ver=3.27.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-image-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-image.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-animation-fadeInUp-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/animations/styles/fadeInUp.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-animation-fadeIn-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/animations/styles/fadeIn.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='swiper-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/swiper/v8/css/swiper.min.css?ver=8.4.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-swiper-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/conditionals/e-swiper.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-image-carousel-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-image-carousel.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-loop-common-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/css/widget-loop-common.min.css?ver=3.27.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-loop-carousel-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/css/widget-loop-carousel.min.css?ver=3.27.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-7379-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-7379.css?ver=1739804766' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-18202-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-18202.css?ver=1739798622' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-18516-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-18516.css?ver=1739798622' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='megamenu-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/maxmegamenu/style.css?ver=2fd902' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-child-theme-css-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/themes/astra-child/style.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cf7cf-style-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/cf7-conditional-fields/style.css?ver=2.5.7' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-elementor-icons-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/eicons/css/elementor-icons.min.css?ver=5.34.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-icons-list-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-icon-list.min.css?ver=3.24.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-social-icons-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-social-icons.min.css?ver=3.24.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-social-share-icons-brands-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/brands.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-social-share-icons-fontawesome-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/fontawesome.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-nav-menu-icons-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/solid.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-widget-blockquote-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-blockquote.min.css?ver=3.25.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-mega-menu-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-mega-menu.min.css?ver=3.26.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hfe-nav-menu-widget-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-nav-menu.min.css?ver=3.26.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ekit-widget-styles-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementskit-lite/widgets/init/assets/css/widget-styles.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ekit-responsive-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementskit-lite/widgets/init/assets/css/responsive.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-5-all-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/all.min.css?ver=6.1.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-4-shim-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/v4-shims.min.css?ver=6.1.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='google-fonts-1-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Inter+Tight%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2C400%2C400italic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic%7CRoboto%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2C400%2C400italic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic&display=auto&ver=6.7.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-shared-0-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/fontawesome.min.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-fa-solid-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/solid.min.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-fa-brands-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/brands.min.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" crossorigin> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script id="jquery-js-after"> !function($){"use strict";$(document).ready(function(){$(this).scrollTop()>100&&$(".hfe-scroll-to-top-wrap").removeClass("hfe-scroll-to-top-hide"),$(window).scroll(function(){$(this).scrollTop()<100?$(".hfe-scroll-to-top-wrap").fadeOut(300):$(".hfe-scroll-to-top-wrap").fadeIn(300)}),$(".hfe-scroll-to-top-wrap").on("click",function(){$("html, body").animate({scrollTop:0},300);return!1})})}(jQuery); </script> <script id="cookie-law-info-js-extra"> var Cli_Data = {"nn_cookie_ids":[],"cookielist":[],"non_necessary_cookies":[],"ccpaEnabled":"","ccpaRegionBased":"","ccpaBarEnabled":"1","strictlyEnabled":["necessary","obligatoire"],"ccpaType":"gdpr","js_blocking":"1","custom_integration":"","triggerDomRefresh":"","secure_cookies":""}; var cli_cookiebar_settings = {"animate_speed_hide":"500","animate_speed_show":"500","background":"#FFF","border":"#b1a6a6c2","border_on":"","button_1_button_colour":"#61a229","button_1_button_hover":"#4e8221","button_1_link_colour":"#fff","button_1_as_button":"1","button_1_new_win":"","button_2_button_colour":"#333","button_2_button_hover":"#292929","button_2_link_colour":"#444","button_2_as_button":"1","button_2_hidebar":"","button_3_button_colour":"#dedfe0","button_3_button_hover":"#b2b2b3","button_3_link_colour":"#333333","button_3_as_button":"1","button_3_new_win":"","button_4_button_colour":"#dedfe0","button_4_button_hover":"#b2b2b3","button_4_link_colour":"#333333","button_4_as_button":"1","button_7_button_colour":"#d80429","button_7_button_hover":"#ad0321","button_7_link_colour":"#fff","button_7_as_button":"1","button_7_new_win":"","font_family":"inherit","header_fix":"","notify_animate_hide":"1","notify_animate_show":"","notify_div_id":"#cookie-law-info-bar","notify_position_horizontal":"right","notify_position_vertical":"bottom","scroll_close":"1","scroll_close_reload":"","accept_close_reload":"","reject_close_reload":"","showagain_tab":"","showagain_background":"#fff","showagain_border":"#000","showagain_div_id":"#cookie-law-info-again","showagain_x_position":"100px","text":"#333333","show_once_yn":"1","show_once":"10","logging_on":"","as_popup":"","popup_overlay":"1","bar_heading_text":"","cookie_bar_as":"banner","popup_showagain_position":"bottom-right","widget_position":"left"}; var log_object = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/cookie-law-info/legacy/public/js/cookie-law-info-public.js?ver=3.2.8" id="cookie-law-info-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/js/v4-shims.min.js?ver=6.1.4" id="font-awesome-4-shim-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/7379" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/?p=7379' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmicrobe-investigations.com%2Fusp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmicrobe-investigations.com%2Fusp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test%2F&format=xml" />  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-189392429-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-189392429-1'); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(c,l,a,r,i,t,y){ c[a]=c[a]||function(){(c[a].q=c[a].q||[]).push(arguments)}; t=l.createElement(r);t.async=1;t.src="https://www.clarity.ms/tag/"+i; y=l.getElementsByTagName(r)[0];y.parentNode.insertBefore(t,y); })(window, document, "clarity", "script", "by6n1h6w8u"); </script><meta name="generator" content="Elementor 3.27.5; features: additional_custom_breakpoints; settings: css_print_method-external, google_font-enabled, font_display-auto">  <script type="application/ld+json" class="saswp-schema-markup-output"> [{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@graph":[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com#kit-header-menu","name":"Home","url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com#kit-header-menu","name":"Services","url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/services\/"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com#kit-header-menu","name":"Strains","url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/microbial-strains\/"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com#kit-header-menu","name":"Blog","url":"\/blog\/"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com#kit-header-menu","name":"About","url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/about\/"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com#kit-header-menu","name":"Contact Us","url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/contact-us\/"},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"SiteNavigationElement","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com#kit-header-menu","name":"FAQs","url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/faq\/"}]}, {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/usp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com","name":"Swiss Anti-Bacterial & Anti-Viral Testing Laboratory, ISO Certified | MIS"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/usp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test\/","name":"USP 51 Antimicrobial Effectiveness Testing Service"}}]}] </script> <style> .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } @media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-height: 640px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } </style> <script id='nitro-telemetry-meta' nitro-exclude>window.NPTelemetryMetadata={missReason: (!window.NITROPACK_STATE ? 'request type not allowed' : 'hit'),pageType: 'page',isEligibleForOptimization: false,}</script><script id='nitro-generic' nitro-exclude>(()=>{window.NitroPack=window.NitroPack||{coreVersion:"na",isCounted:!1};let e=document.createElement("script");if(e.src="https://nitroscripts.com/baaZZsBRyWsSkxvRjeuJnYOHtwzeoEKd",e.async=!0,e.id="nitro-script",document.head.appendChild(e),!window.NitroPack.isCounted){window.NitroPack.isCounted=!0;let t=()=>{navigator.sendBeacon("https://to.getnitropack.com/p",JSON.stringify({siteId:"baaZZsBRyWsSkxvRjeuJnYOHtwzeoEKd",url:window.location.href,isOptimized:!!window.IS_NITROPACK,coreVersion:"na",missReason:window.NPTelemetryMetadata?.missReason||"",pageType:window.NPTelemetryMetadata?.pageType||"",isEligibleForOptimization:!!window.NPTelemetryMetadata?.isEligibleForOptimization}))};(()=>{let e=()=>new Promise(e=>{"complete"===document.readyState?e():window.addEventListener("load",e)}),i=()=>new Promise(e=>{document.prerendering?document.addEventListener("prerenderingchange",e,{once:!0}):e()}),a=async()=>{await i(),await e(),t()};a()})(),window.addEventListener("pageshow",e=>{if(e.persisted){let i=document.prerendering||self.performance?.getEntriesByType?.("navigation")[0]?.activationStart>0;"visible"!==document.visibilityState||i||t()}})}})();</script><link rel="icon" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/MIS_-removebg-preview-150x150.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/MIS_-removebg-preview-300x300.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/MIS_-removebg-preview-300x300.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/MIS_-removebg-preview-300x300.png" /> <style id="wp-custom-css"> .hp_cf_lead .wpcf7-text, .hp_cf_lead .wpcf7-tel, .hp_cf-lead .wpcf7-email, .hp_cf_lead .wpcf7-textarea{ color: #ffffff!important; } .ast-header-search form.search-form .search-field, .ast-header-search .ast-dropdown-active.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field{ color: #000!important; } .ast-hfb-header .site-header-section > .ast-header-search, .ast-hfb-header .ast-header-search{ border: 2px solid #EE1938; padding: 8px; border-radius: 0px; } @media only screen and (max-width: 768px) { html, body{ width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden!important; } } .ast-container{ max-width: 100%; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; } .elementor-kit-8 .elementor-widget-text-editor a:hover{ text-decoration: underline; } .ast-single-post .entry-content a { text-decoration: none; } .menu-item-6491, .elementor-element-f6fb85a{ left:-320px; } mark { color: #cf2e2e; } /* div, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p{ font-style: normal; } */ @media only screen and (max-width: 768px){ .menu-item-6491, .elementor-element-f6fb85a { left: 0px; } } #cookie-law-info-bar{ z-index: 999999999999999999; } .grecaptcha-badge { visibility: hidden; } .top-header-text p, .top-header-text span { margin-bottom:0; color: #fff; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.5rem; } .top-header-text{ display: flex; justify-content: center; align-content: center; gap:10px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 2540px) { html{ font-size: 26px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:2440px) and (max-width:2540px){ html{ font-size: 25px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:2340px) and (max-width:2440px){ html{ font-size: 24px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:2200px) and (max-width:2340px){ html{ font-size: 23px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:2044px) and (max-width:2200px){ html{ font-size: 22px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1861px) and (max-width:2044px){ html{ font-size: 20px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1675px) and (max-width:1861px){ html{ font-size: 18px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1645px) and (max-width:1675px){ html{ font-size: 17px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1500px) and (max-width:1645px){ html{ font-size: 16px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1400px) and (max-width:1500px){ html{ font-size: 15px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1305px) and (max-width:1400px){ html{ font-size: 14px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1235px) and (max-width:1305px){ html{ font-size: 13px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1117px) and (max-width:1235px){ html{ font-size: 12px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1117px){ html{ font-size: 11px; } } .wp-block-search__input{ width: 144px!important; height: 44px!important; color: #fff!important } .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input{ background: rgb(255 255 255 / 30%); color: #ffffff!important; border-color: rgb(255 255 255 / 20%); border-radius: 0px; backdrop-filter: blur(100px)!important; } .wp-block-search__no-button .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input:focus{ background: rgb(255 255 255 / 30%); color: rgb(100%, 100%, 100%)!important; border-color: rgb(255 255 255 / 20%); border-radius: 0px; backdrop-filter: blur(100px)!important; } input#wp-block-search__input-1::placeholder { color: #ffff; } .UMMUc14kTNkENIjz3DNDujNxTj5YMjctheme--light { background: #fff; color: #454545; display: none; } </style> <style type="text/css">/** Mega Menu CSS: fs **/</style> </head> <body class="page-template page-template-elementor_header_footer page page-id-7379 wp-custom-logo ehf-footer ehf-template-astra ehf-stylesheet-astra-child mega-menu-primary mega-menu-mobile-menu ast-desktop ast-page-builder-template ast-no-sidebar astra-4.8.10 group-blog ast-single-post ast-inherit-site-logo-transparent ast-hfb-header elementor-default elementor-template-full-width elementor-kit-8 elementor-page elementor-page-7379"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content" title="Skip to content"> Skip to content</a> <div class="hfeed site" id="page"> <header class="site-header header-main-layout-1 ast-primary-menu-enabled ast-hide-custom-menu-mobile ast-builder-menu-toggle-icon ast-mobile-header-inline" id="masthead" itemid="#masthead" > <div id="ast-desktop-header" data-toggle-type="dropdown"> <div class="ast-above-header-wrap "> <div class="ast-above-header-bar ast-above-header site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-above-header-builder"> <div class="site-above-header-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-header-focus-item ast-container" data-section="section-above-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-grid-center-col-layout-only ast-flex ast-grid-center-col-layout"> <div class="site-header-above-section-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-section-center"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item ast-header-html-1" data-section="section-hb-html-1"> <div class="ast-header-html inner-link-style-"><div class="ast-builder-html-element"><div class="top-header-text"> <p><img src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/lab-test-Icon.svg" /><span style="color: #ffffff"> Need help choosing a test?</span> <a href="/get-a-quote/"><span style="color: #ee1938;text-decoration: underline;font-weight: 500"> We'll guide you</span></a></p> <p><img src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Right-Arrow-button.svg" /></p> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ast-main-header-wrap main-header-bar-wrap "> <div class="ast-primary-header-bar ast-primary-header main-header-bar site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="site-primary-header-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-header-focus-item ast-container" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-grid-center-col-layout"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="title_tagline"> <div class="site-branding ast-site-identity" > <span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="220" height="38" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS-220x38.png" class="custom-logo" alt="Swiss Anti-Bacterial & Anti-Viral Testing Laboratory, ISO Certified | MIS" decoding="async" srcset="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS-220x38.png 220w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS-300x51.png 300w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS.png 520w" sizes="(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px" /></a></span> </div>  </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-left-center-section"> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-section-center"> <div class="ast-builder-menu-1 ast-builder-menu ast-flex ast-builder-menu-1-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-hb-menu-1"> <div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div id="mega-menu-wrap-primary" class="mega-menu-wrap"><div class="mega-menu-toggle"><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-left"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-center"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-right"><div class='mega-toggle-block mega-menu-toggle-animated-block mega-toggle-block-0' id='mega-toggle-block-0'><button aria-label="Toggle Menu" class="mega-toggle-animated mega-toggle-animated-slider" type="button" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-box"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-inner"></span> </span> </button></div></div></div><ul id="mega-menu-primary" class="mega-menu max-mega-menu mega-menu-horizontal mega-no-js" data-event="hover_intent" data-effect="fade_up" data-effect-speed="200" data-effect-mobile="disabled" data-effect-speed-mobile="0" data-panel-width="#content" data-mobile-force-width="body" data-second-click="go" data-document-click="collapse" data-vertical-behaviour="standard" data-breakpoint="1152" data-unbind="true" data-mobile-state="collapse_all" data-mobile-direction="vertical" data-hover-intent-timeout="300" data-hover-intent-interval="100"><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-18219' id='mega-menu-item-18219'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">TESTING SERVICES<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18220' id='mega-menu-item-18220'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/entomology-testing-services/" aria-expanded="false">Entomology (Agri, Homecare)<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18221' id='mega-menu-item-18221'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Laboratory tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18222' id='mega-menu-item-18222'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/arm-in-cage-test/">Arm In Cage Room Test</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18223' id='mega-menu-item-18223'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/room-test/">Room Test</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18416' id='mega-menu-item-18416'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/entomology-testing-services/#test-section/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18228' id='mega-menu-item-18228'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Textile<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18229' id='mega-menu-item-18229'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18233' id='mega-menu-item-18233'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-20743/">ISO 20743</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18231' id='mega-menu-item-18231'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/aatcc-100/">AATCC-100</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18235' id='mega-menu-item-18235'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/#test-section">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18236' id='mega-menu-item-18236'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18238' id='mega-menu-item-18238'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/jis-l-1922/">JIS L 1922</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18239' id='mega-menu-item-18239'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18240' id='mega-menu-item-18240'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18241' id='mega-menu-item-18241'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/aatcc-30/">AATCC 30</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18242' id='mega-menu-item-18242'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18243' id='mega-menu-item-18243'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Odor Testing<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18244' id='mega-menu-item-18244'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-17299-3/">ISO 17299-3</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18245' id='mega-menu-item-18245'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18246' id='mega-menu-item-18246'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Disinfectant & Sanitizer<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18247' id='mega-menu-item-18247'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18248' id='mega-menu-item-18248'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/en-1276/">EN 1276</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18253' id='mega-menu-item-18253'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18254' id='mega-menu-item-18254'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18255' id='mega-menu-item-18255'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/en-14476/">EN 14476</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18260' id='mega-menu-item-18260'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18261' id='mega-menu-item-18261'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18262' id='mega-menu-item-18262'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/en-13624/">EN 13624</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18267' id='mega-menu-item-18267'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18268' id='mega-menu-item-18268'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Plastic<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18269' id='mega-menu-item-18269'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18270' id='mega-menu-item-18270'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-22196/">ISO 22196</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18271' id='mega-menu-item-18271'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso846/">ISO 846</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18275' id='mega-menu-item-18275'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18276' id='mega-menu-item-18276'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18277' id='mega-menu-item-18277'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso21702/">ISO 21702</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18278' id='mega-menu-item-18278'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18279' id='mega-menu-item-18279'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18280' id='mega-menu-item-18280'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d3273-test/">ASTM D3273</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18281' id='mega-menu-item-18281'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso846/">ISO 846</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18285' id='mega-menu-item-18285'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18289' id='mega-menu-item-18289'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Cosmetics<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18290' id='mega-menu-item-18290'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Enumeration tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18291' id='mega-menu-item-18291'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/aerobic-plate-count-test/">Aerobic Plate Count</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18296' id='mega-menu-item-18296'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18297' id='mega-menu-item-18297'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Detection tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18298' id='mega-menu-item-18298'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/usp-60-test-for-burkholderia-cepacia-complex/">USP 60</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18303' id='mega-menu-item-18303'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18304' id='mega-menu-item-18304'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Preservative Efficacy Tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18305' id='mega-menu-item-18305'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-11930/">ISO 11930</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18308' id='mega-menu-item-18308'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18309' id='mega-menu-item-18309'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Paint<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18310' id='mega-menu-item-18310'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18311' id='mega-menu-item-18311'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d4783/">ASTM D4783</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18313' id='mega-menu-item-18313'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18314' id='mega-menu-item-18314'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18315' id='mega-menu-item-18315'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso21702/">ISO 21702</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18316' id='mega-menu-item-18316'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18317' id='mega-menu-item-18317'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18318' id='mega-menu-item-18318'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d4783/">ASTM D4783</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18323' id='mega-menu-item-18323'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18324' id='mega-menu-item-18324'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antialgal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18325' id='mega-menu-item-18325'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d5589/">ASTM D5589</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18326' id='mega-menu-item-18326'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-22147' id='mega-menu-item-22147'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">R&D<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-22148' id='mega-menu-item-22148'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/minimum-bactericidal-concentration-mbc-test/">Minimum Bactericidal Concentration</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-22149' id='mega-menu-item-22149'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/zone-of-inhibition-test/">Zone of Inhibition Test</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-22150' id='mega-menu-item-22150'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/minimum-inhibitory-concentration-test/">Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18327' id='mega-menu-item-18327'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/more-test/">More</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-grid mega-menu-item-18333' id='mega-menu-item-18333'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">STRAINS<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-row' id='mega-menu-18333-0'> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-column mega-menu-columns-12-of-12' id='mega-menu-18333-0-0'> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-widget widget_elementor-library mega-menu-item-elementor-library-4' id='mega-menu-item-elementor-library-4'> <div data-elementor-type="section" data-elementor-id="18336" class="elementor elementor-18336" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6679b94b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="6679b94b" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6edfcc0e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6edfcc0e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-70b412fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="70b412fe" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Strains</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3c4b4b92 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="3c4b4b92" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-53b17943 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="53b17943" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5754d821 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5754d821" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3d1be2dd e-con-full e-grid e-con e-child" data-id="3d1be2dd" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5484dec8 e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5484dec8" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-345eb8ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="345eb8ef" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/insects-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Insects</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2d01edcd e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2d01edcd" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-78db4abb elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="78db4abb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antibacterial-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Bacteria</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6acf999e e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6acf999e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-19b2284c elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="19b2284c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antiviral-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Virus</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7ed2b6d5 e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="7ed2b6d5" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-58bc0b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="58bc0b6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antifungal-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Fungi / Algae</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5ee921cd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5ee921cd" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-16611e78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="16611e78" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Related Blogs</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e7fb937 elementor-grid-1 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-grid" data-id="e7fb937" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"template_id":"18345","columns":1,"columns_mobile":1,"row_gap_mobile":{"unit":"rem","size":0,"sizes":[]},"row_gap":{"unit":"rem","size":1.5,"sizes":[]},"row_gap_tablet":{"unit":"rem","size":"","sizes":[]},"_skin":"post","columns_tablet":"2","edit_handle_selector":"[data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\"]"}" data-widget_type="loop-grid.post"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-loop-container elementor-grid"> <style id="loop-dynamic-18345">.e-loop-item-20391 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-20391 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url("https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/shutterstock_2310718007-scaled.jpg");}</style><style id="loop-18345">.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5995b8f7{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--gap:20px 20px;--row-gap:20px;--column-gap:20px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-13bb838e{--display:flex;--flex-direction:row;--container-widget-width:initial;--container-widget-height:100%;--container-widget-flex-grow:1;--container-widget-align-self:stretch;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--gap:1.25rem 1.25rem;--row-gap:1.25rem;--column-gap:1.25rem;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08{--display:flex;--gap:0px 0px;--row-gap:0px;--column-gap:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6920f35d{--display:flex;--gap:.750rem .750rem;--row-gap:.750rem;--column-gap:.750rem;--padding-top:6px;--padding-bottom:6px;--padding-left:6px;--padding-right:6px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6d2f8c88 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0.4rem 0.6rem 0.4rem 0.6rem;border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-color:#ADADAD;border-radius:29px 29px 29px 29px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6d2f8c88.elementor-element{--align-self:flex-start;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6d2f8c88{font-family:"Inter Tight", Sans-serif;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.3rem;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5abab8bb .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"Inter Tight", Sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;font-style:italic;line-height:1.5rem;letter-spacing:0px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-50fd7ed1 > .elementor-widget-container{margin:0px 0px -6px 0px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-50fd7ed1 .elementor-icon-wrapper{text-align:left;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-50fd7ed1 .elementor-icon{font-size:30px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-50fd7ed1 .elementor-icon svg{height:30px;}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08{--width:36%;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-6920f35d{--width:55%;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-13bb838e{--gap:1rem 1rem;--row-gap:1rem;--column-gap:1rem;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08{--min-height:125px;}.elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-18345 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-position:center center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;}}</style> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="18345" class="elementor elementor-18345 e-loop-item e-loop-item-20391 post-20391 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-disinfectant ast-article-single" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5995b8f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="5995b8f7" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-13bb838e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="13bb838e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-781e6e08 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="781e6e08" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6920f35d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6920f35d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6d2f8c88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6d2f8c88" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span>Disinfectant</span> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5abab8bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5abab8bb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/hmpv-virus-symptoms-infections-risks-treatment-explained/">HMPV Virus (Human Metapneumovirus): Symptoms, Risks, and Effective Treatments Explained</a></h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-50fd7ed1 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon" data-id="50fd7ed1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-icon-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-icon" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/hmpv-virus-symptoms-infections-risks-treatment-explained/"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" fill="none"><circle cx="13.9775" cy="14.4551" r="13" fill="#FFE8EA"></circle><path d="M18.4515 17.1816C18.3847 17.1313 18.3286 17.0682 18.2865 16.9959C18.2444 16.9237 18.2172 16.8437 18.2064 16.7608L17.3198 10.2562L10.8152 11.1429C10.6511 11.1594 10.487 11.1115 10.3575 11.0094C10.228 10.9073 10.1432 10.759 10.1209 10.5955C10.0986 10.4321 10.1407 10.2665 10.2381 10.1334C10.3356 10.0004 10.4809 9.9104 10.6434 9.88238L17.7782 8.90984C17.9453 8.88717 18.1146 8.93176 18.2489 9.03382C18.3832 9.13588 18.4715 9.28707 18.4944 9.45418L19.4669 16.589C19.4896 16.7561 19.445 16.9254 19.3429 17.0597C19.2408 17.194 19.0897 17.2823 18.9226 17.3051C18.8398 17.3169 18.7555 17.3121 18.6746 17.2909C18.5937 17.2697 18.5178 17.2325 18.4515 17.1816Z" fill="#EE1938"></path><path d="M10.2893 19.5056C10.1568 19.4021 10.0699 19.2509 10.0472 19.0844C10.0245 18.9178 10.0677 18.7489 10.1677 18.6137L17.357 9.15515C17.4592 9.02076 17.6105 8.93245 17.7778 8.90965C17.945 8.88686 18.1145 8.93143 18.2489 9.03358C18.3833 9.13573 18.4716 9.28707 18.4944 9.45433C18.5172 9.62158 18.4726 9.79104 18.3705 9.92543L11.1811 19.384C11.0777 19.5165 10.9265 19.6034 10.7599 19.6261C10.5933 19.6488 10.4245 19.6056 10.2893 19.5056Z" fill="#EE1938"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style id="loop-dynamic-18345">.e-loop-item-17555 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-17555 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url("https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Disinfectant-validation-scaled.jpg");}</style> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="18345" class="elementor elementor-18345 e-loop-item e-loop-item-17555 post-17555 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-disinfectant ast-article-single" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5995b8f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="5995b8f7" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-13bb838e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="13bb838e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-781e6e08 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="781e6e08" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6920f35d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6920f35d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6d2f8c88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6d2f8c88" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span>Disinfectant</span> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5abab8bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5abab8bb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/disinfectant-validation/">Disinfectant Validation: Ensuring Effective Infection Control</a></h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-50fd7ed1 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon" data-id="50fd7ed1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-icon-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-icon" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/disinfectant-validation/"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" fill="none"><circle cx="13.9775" cy="14.4551" r="13" fill="#FFE8EA"></circle><path d="M18.4515 17.1816C18.3847 17.1313 18.3286 17.0682 18.2865 16.9959C18.2444 16.9237 18.2172 16.8437 18.2064 16.7608L17.3198 10.2562L10.8152 11.1429C10.6511 11.1594 10.487 11.1115 10.3575 11.0094C10.228 10.9073 10.1432 10.759 10.1209 10.5955C10.0986 10.4321 10.1407 10.2665 10.2381 10.1334C10.3356 10.0004 10.4809 9.9104 10.6434 9.88238L17.7782 8.90984C17.9453 8.88717 18.1146 8.93176 18.2489 9.03382C18.3832 9.13588 18.4715 9.28707 18.4944 9.45418L19.4669 16.589C19.4896 16.7561 19.445 16.9254 19.3429 17.0597C19.2408 17.194 19.0897 17.2823 18.9226 17.3051C18.8398 17.3169 18.7555 17.3121 18.6746 17.2909C18.5937 17.2697 18.5178 17.2325 18.4515 17.1816Z" fill="#EE1938"></path><path d="M10.2893 19.5056C10.1568 19.4021 10.0699 19.2509 10.0472 19.0844C10.0245 18.9178 10.0677 18.7489 10.1677 18.6137L17.357 9.15515C17.4592 9.02076 17.6105 8.93245 17.7778 8.90965C17.945 8.88686 18.1145 8.93143 18.2489 9.03358C18.3833 9.13573 18.4716 9.28707 18.4944 9.45433C18.5172 9.62158 18.4726 9.79104 18.3705 9.92543L11.1811 19.384C11.0777 19.5165 10.9265 19.6034 10.7599 19.6261C10.5933 19.6488 10.4245 19.6056 10.2893 19.5056Z" fill="#EE1938"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-18335' id='mega-menu-item-18335'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/blog/" tabindex="0">LEARNING CENTER</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-18334' id='mega-menu-item-18334'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/" tabindex="0">ABOUT US</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-center-section"> </div> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item ast-header-search" data-section="section-header-search"> <div class="ast-search-menu-icon slide-search" > <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://microbe-investigations.com/"> <label for="search-field"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" id="search-field" class="search-field" placeholder="Search..." value="" name="s" tabindex="-1"> <button class="search-submit ast-search-submit" aria-label="Search Submit"> <span hidden>Search</span> <i><span class="ast-icon icon-search"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="-893 477 142 142" enable-background="new -888 480 142 142" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M-787.4,568.7h-6.3l-2.4-2.4c7.9-8.7,12.6-20.5,12.6-33.1c0-28.4-22.9-51.3-51.3-51.3 c-28.4,0-51.3,22.9-51.3,51.3c0,28.4,22.9,51.3,51.3,51.3c12.6,0,24.4-4.7,33.1-12.6l2.4,2.4v6.3l39.4,39.4l11.8-11.8L-787.4,568.7 L-787.4,568.7z M-834.7,568.7c-19.7,0-35.5-15.8-35.5-35.5c0-19.7,15.8-35.5,35.5-35.5c19.7,0,35.5,15.8,35.5,35.5 C-799.3,553-815,568.7-834.7,568.7L-834.7,568.7z"/> </svg></span></i> </button> </label> </form> <div class="ast-search-icon"> <a class="slide-search astra-search-icon" aria-label="Search icon link" href="#"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span> <span class="ast-icon icon-search"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="-893 477 142 142" enable-background="new -888 480 142 142" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M-787.4,568.7h-6.3l-2.4-2.4c7.9-8.7,12.6-20.5,12.6-33.1c0-28.4-22.9-51.3-51.3-51.3 c-28.4,0-51.3,22.9-51.3,51.3c0,28.4,22.9,51.3,51.3,51.3c12.6,0,24.4-4.7,33.1-12.6l2.4,2.4v6.3l39.4,39.4l11.8-11.8L-787.4,568.7 L-787.4,568.7z M-834.7,568.7c-19.7,0-35.5-15.8-35.5-35.5c0-19.7,15.8-35.5,35.5-35.5c19.7,0,35.5,15.8,35.5,35.5 C-799.3,553-815,568.7-834.7,568.7L-834.7,568.7z"/> </svg></span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item ast-header-button-1" data-section="section-hb-button-1"> <div class="ast-builder-button-wrap ast-builder-button-size-"><a class="ast-custom-button-link" href="/contact-us/" target="_self" ><div class=ast-custom-button>Get In Touch</div></a><a class="menu-link" href="/contact-us/" target="_self" >Get In Touch</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="ast-mobile-header" class="ast-mobile-header-wrap " data-type="dropdown"> <div class="ast-main-header-wrap main-header-bar-wrap" > <div class="ast-primary-header-bar ast-primary-header main-header-bar site-primary-header-wrap site-header-focus-item ast-builder-grid-row-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-layout-default" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-builder-grid-row-no-center"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="title_tagline"> <div class="site-branding ast-site-identity" > <span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="220" height="38" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS-220x38.png" class="custom-logo" alt="Swiss Anti-Bacterial & Anti-Viral Testing Laboratory, ISO Certified | MIS" decoding="async" srcset="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS-220x38.png 220w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS-300x51.png 300w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-New-Logo-MIS.png 520w" sizes="(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px" /></a></span> </div>  </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section"> <aside class="header-widget-area widget-area site-header-focus-item header-widget-area-inner" data-section="sidebar-widgets-header-widget-1" aria-label="Header Widget 1" > <section id="maxmegamenu-3" class="widget widget_maxmegamenu"><div id="mega-menu-wrap-primary" class="mega-menu-wrap"><div class="mega-menu-toggle"><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-left"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-center"></div><div class="mega-toggle-blocks-right"><div class='mega-toggle-block mega-menu-toggle-animated-block mega-toggle-block-0' id='mega-toggle-block-0'><button aria-label="Toggle Menu" class="mega-toggle-animated mega-toggle-animated-slider" type="button" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-box"> <span class="mega-toggle-animated-inner"></span> </span> </button></div></div></div><ul id="mega-menu-primary" class="mega-menu max-mega-menu mega-menu-horizontal mega-no-js" data-event="hover_intent" data-effect="fade_up" data-effect-speed="200" data-effect-mobile="disabled" data-effect-speed-mobile="0" data-panel-width="#content" data-mobile-force-width="body" data-second-click="go" data-document-click="collapse" data-vertical-behaviour="standard" data-breakpoint="1152" data-unbind="true" data-mobile-state="collapse_all" data-mobile-direction="vertical" data-hover-intent-timeout="300" data-hover-intent-interval="100"><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-18219' id='mega-menu-item-18219'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">TESTING SERVICES<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18220' id='mega-menu-item-18220'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/entomology-testing-services/" aria-expanded="false">Entomology (Agri, Homecare)<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18221' id='mega-menu-item-18221'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Laboratory tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18222' id='mega-menu-item-18222'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/arm-in-cage-test/">Arm In Cage Room Test</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18223' id='mega-menu-item-18223'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/room-test/">Room Test</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18416' id='mega-menu-item-18416'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/entomology-testing-services/#test-section/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18228' id='mega-menu-item-18228'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Textile<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18229' id='mega-menu-item-18229'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18233' id='mega-menu-item-18233'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-20743/">ISO 20743</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18231' id='mega-menu-item-18231'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/aatcc-100/">AATCC-100</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18235' id='mega-menu-item-18235'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/#test-section">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18236' id='mega-menu-item-18236'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18238' id='mega-menu-item-18238'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/jis-l-1922/">JIS L 1922</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18239' id='mega-menu-item-18239'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18240' id='mega-menu-item-18240'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18241' id='mega-menu-item-18241'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/aatcc-30/">AATCC 30</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18242' id='mega-menu-item-18242'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18243' id='mega-menu-item-18243'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Odor Testing<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18244' id='mega-menu-item-18244'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-17299-3/">ISO 17299-3</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18245' id='mega-menu-item-18245'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/textile-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18246' id='mega-menu-item-18246'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Disinfectant & Sanitizer<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18247' id='mega-menu-item-18247'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18248' id='mega-menu-item-18248'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/en-1276/">EN 1276</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18253' id='mega-menu-item-18253'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18254' id='mega-menu-item-18254'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18255' id='mega-menu-item-18255'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/en-14476/">EN 14476</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18260' id='mega-menu-item-18260'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18261' id='mega-menu-item-18261'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18262' id='mega-menu-item-18262'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/en-13624/">EN 13624</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18267' id='mega-menu-item-18267'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/disinfectant-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18268' id='mega-menu-item-18268'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Plastic<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18269' id='mega-menu-item-18269'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18270' id='mega-menu-item-18270'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-22196/">ISO 22196</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18271' id='mega-menu-item-18271'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso846/">ISO 846</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18275' id='mega-menu-item-18275'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18276' id='mega-menu-item-18276'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18277' id='mega-menu-item-18277'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso21702/">ISO 21702</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18278' id='mega-menu-item-18278'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18279' id='mega-menu-item-18279'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18280' id='mega-menu-item-18280'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d3273-test/">ASTM D3273</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18281' id='mega-menu-item-18281'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso846/">ISO 846</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18285' id='mega-menu-item-18285'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/plastic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18289' id='mega-menu-item-18289'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Cosmetics<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18290' id='mega-menu-item-18290'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Enumeration tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18291' id='mega-menu-item-18291'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/aerobic-plate-count-test/">Aerobic Plate Count</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18296' id='mega-menu-item-18296'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18297' id='mega-menu-item-18297'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Detection tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18298' id='mega-menu-item-18298'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/usp-60-test-for-burkholderia-cepacia-complex/">USP 60</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18303' id='mega-menu-item-18303'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18304' id='mega-menu-item-18304'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Preservative Efficacy Tests<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18305' id='mega-menu-item-18305'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso-11930/">ISO 11930</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18308' id='mega-menu-item-18308'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/cosmetic-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18309' id='mega-menu-item-18309'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/" aria-expanded="false">Paint<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18310' id='mega-menu-item-18310'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antibacterial<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18311' id='mega-menu-item-18311'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d4783/">ASTM D4783</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18313' id='mega-menu-item-18313'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18314' id='mega-menu-item-18314'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antiviral<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18315' id='mega-menu-item-18315'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/iso21702/">ISO 21702</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18316' id='mega-menu-item-18316'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18317' id='mega-menu-item-18317'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Fungicidal & Yeasticidal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18318' id='mega-menu-item-18318'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d4783/">ASTM D4783</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18323' id='mega-menu-item-18323'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-18324' id='mega-menu-item-18324'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">Antialgal<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18325' id='mega-menu-item-18325'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/astm-d5589/">ASTM D5589</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18326' id='mega-menu-item-18326'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/coating-testing/">View More</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-item-22147' id='mega-menu-item-22147'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false">R&D<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-22148' id='mega-menu-item-22148'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/minimum-bactericidal-concentration-mbc-test/">Minimum Bactericidal Concentration</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-22149' id='mega-menu-item-22149'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/zone-of-inhibition-test/">Zone of Inhibition Test</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-22150' id='mega-menu-item-22150'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/minimum-inhibitory-concentration-test/">Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay</a></li> </ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-18327' id='mega-menu-item-18327'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/more-test/">More</a></li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-menu-item-has-children mega-menu-megamenu mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-grid mega-menu-item-18333' id='mega-menu-item-18333'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="#" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="0">STRAINS<span class="mega-indicator"></span></a> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-row' id='mega-menu-18333-0'> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-column mega-menu-columns-12-of-12' id='mega-menu-18333-0-0'> <ul class="mega-sub-menu"> <li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-widget widget_elementor-library mega-menu-item-elementor-library-4' id='mega-menu-item-elementor-library-4'> <div data-elementor-type="section" data-elementor-id="18336" class="elementor elementor-18336" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6679b94b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="6679b94b" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6edfcc0e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6edfcc0e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-70b412fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="70b412fe" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Strains</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3c4b4b92 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="3c4b4b92" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-53b17943 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="53b17943" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5754d821 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5754d821" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3d1be2dd e-con-full e-grid e-con e-child" data-id="3d1be2dd" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5484dec8 e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5484dec8" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-345eb8ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="345eb8ef" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/insects-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Insects</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2d01edcd e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2d01edcd" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-78db4abb elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="78db4abb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antibacterial-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Bacteria</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6acf999e e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6acf999e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-19b2284c elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="19b2284c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antiviral-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Virus</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7ed2b6d5 e-con-full cards-menu e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="7ed2b6d5" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-58bc0b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="58bc0b6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antifungal-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="far fa-arrow-alt-circle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Fungi / Algae</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5ee921cd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5ee921cd" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-16611e78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="16611e78" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Related Blogs</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e7fb937 elementor-grid-1 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-grid" data-id="e7fb937" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"template_id":"18345","columns":1,"columns_mobile":1,"row_gap_mobile":{"unit":"rem","size":0,"sizes":[]},"row_gap":{"unit":"rem","size":1.5,"sizes":[]},"row_gap_tablet":{"unit":"rem","size":"","sizes":[]},"_skin":"post","columns_tablet":"2","edit_handle_selector":"[data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\"]"}" data-widget_type="loop-grid.post"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-loop-container elementor-grid"> <style id="loop-dynamic-18345">.e-loop-item-20391 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-20391 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url("https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/shutterstock_2310718007-scaled.jpg");}</style> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="18345" class="elementor elementor-18345 e-loop-item e-loop-item-20391 post-20391 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-disinfectant ast-article-single" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5995b8f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="5995b8f7" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-13bb838e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="13bb838e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-781e6e08 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="781e6e08" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6920f35d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6920f35d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6d2f8c88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6d2f8c88" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span>Disinfectant</span> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5abab8bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5abab8bb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/hmpv-virus-symptoms-infections-risks-treatment-explained/">HMPV Virus (Human Metapneumovirus): Symptoms, Risks, and Effective Treatments Explained</a></h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-50fd7ed1 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon" data-id="50fd7ed1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-icon-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-icon" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/hmpv-virus-symptoms-infections-risks-treatment-explained/"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" fill="none"><circle cx="13.9775" cy="14.4551" r="13" fill="#FFE8EA"></circle><path d="M18.4515 17.1816C18.3847 17.1313 18.3286 17.0682 18.2865 16.9959C18.2444 16.9237 18.2172 16.8437 18.2064 16.7608L17.3198 10.2562L10.8152 11.1429C10.6511 11.1594 10.487 11.1115 10.3575 11.0094C10.228 10.9073 10.1432 10.759 10.1209 10.5955C10.0986 10.4321 10.1407 10.2665 10.2381 10.1334C10.3356 10.0004 10.4809 9.9104 10.6434 9.88238L17.7782 8.90984C17.9453 8.88717 18.1146 8.93176 18.2489 9.03382C18.3832 9.13588 18.4715 9.28707 18.4944 9.45418L19.4669 16.589C19.4896 16.7561 19.445 16.9254 19.3429 17.0597C19.2408 17.194 19.0897 17.2823 18.9226 17.3051C18.8398 17.3169 18.7555 17.3121 18.6746 17.2909C18.5937 17.2697 18.5178 17.2325 18.4515 17.1816Z" fill="#EE1938"></path><path d="M10.2893 19.5056C10.1568 19.4021 10.0699 19.2509 10.0472 19.0844C10.0245 18.9178 10.0677 18.7489 10.1677 18.6137L17.357 9.15515C17.4592 9.02076 17.6105 8.93245 17.7778 8.90965C17.945 8.88686 18.1145 8.93143 18.2489 9.03358C18.3833 9.13573 18.4716 9.28707 18.4944 9.45433C18.5172 9.62158 18.4726 9.79104 18.3705 9.92543L11.1811 19.384C11.0777 19.5165 10.9265 19.6034 10.7599 19.6261C10.5933 19.6488 10.4245 19.6056 10.2893 19.5056Z" fill="#EE1938"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style id="loop-dynamic-18345">.e-loop-item-17555 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-17555 .elementor-element.elementor-element-781e6e08 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url("https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Disinfectant-validation-scaled.jpg");}</style> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="18345" class="elementor elementor-18345 e-loop-item e-loop-item-17555 post-17555 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-disinfectant ast-article-single" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5995b8f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="5995b8f7" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-13bb838e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child" data-id="13bb838e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-781e6e08 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="781e6e08" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6920f35d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6920f35d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6d2f8c88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6d2f8c88" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span>Disinfectant</span> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5abab8bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5abab8bb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/disinfectant-validation/">Disinfectant Validation: Ensuring Effective Infection Control</a></h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-50fd7ed1 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon" data-id="50fd7ed1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-icon-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-icon" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/disinfectant-validation/"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" fill="none"><circle cx="13.9775" cy="14.4551" r="13" fill="#FFE8EA"></circle><path d="M18.4515 17.1816C18.3847 17.1313 18.3286 17.0682 18.2865 16.9959C18.2444 16.9237 18.2172 16.8437 18.2064 16.7608L17.3198 10.2562L10.8152 11.1429C10.6511 11.1594 10.487 11.1115 10.3575 11.0094C10.228 10.9073 10.1432 10.759 10.1209 10.5955C10.0986 10.4321 10.1407 10.2665 10.2381 10.1334C10.3356 10.0004 10.4809 9.9104 10.6434 9.88238L17.7782 8.90984C17.9453 8.88717 18.1146 8.93176 18.2489 9.03382C18.3832 9.13588 18.4715 9.28707 18.4944 9.45418L19.4669 16.589C19.4896 16.7561 19.445 16.9254 19.3429 17.0597C19.2408 17.194 19.0897 17.2823 18.9226 17.3051C18.8398 17.3169 18.7555 17.3121 18.6746 17.2909C18.5937 17.2697 18.5178 17.2325 18.4515 17.1816Z" fill="#EE1938"></path><path d="M10.2893 19.5056C10.1568 19.4021 10.0699 19.2509 10.0472 19.0844C10.0245 18.9178 10.0677 18.7489 10.1677 18.6137L17.357 9.15515C17.4592 9.02076 17.6105 8.93245 17.7778 8.90965C17.945 8.88686 18.1145 8.93143 18.2489 9.03358C18.3833 9.13573 18.4716 9.28707 18.4944 9.45433C18.5172 9.62158 18.4726 9.79104 18.3705 9.92543L11.1811 19.384C11.0777 19.5165 10.9265 19.6034 10.7599 19.6261C10.5933 19.6488 10.4245 19.6056 10.2893 19.5056Z" fill="#EE1938"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li></ul> </li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-18335' id='mega-menu-item-18335'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/blog/" tabindex="0">LEARNING CENTER</a></li><li class='mega-menu-item mega-menu-item-type-custom mega-menu-item-object-custom mega-align-bottom-left mega-menu-flyout mega-menu-item-18334' id='mega-menu-item-18334'><a class="mega-menu-link" href="/about/" tabindex="0">ABOUT US</a></li></ul></div></section> </aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div class="ast-container"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-page" data-elementor-id="7379" class="elementor elementor-7379" data-elementor-post-type="page"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-74673fd5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="74673fd5" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-34098668 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="34098668" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1f9cb02c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="1f9cb02c" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20b17df3 elementor-icon-list--layout-inline elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="20b17df3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items elementor-inline-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><path d="M32 27.0769C32 28.3826 31.4813 29.6348 30.5581 30.5581C29.6348 31.4813 28.3826 32 27.0769 32H4.92308C3.6174 32 2.36519 31.4813 1.44194 30.5581C0.51868 29.6348 0 28.3826 0 27.0769V4.92308C0 3.6174 0.51868 2.36519 1.44194 1.44194C2.36519 0.51868 3.6174 0 4.92308 0H27.0769C28.3826 0 29.6348 0.51868 30.5581 1.44194C31.4813 2.36519 32 3.6174 32 4.92308V27.0769Z" fill="#EE1938"></path><path d="M24.6155 13.616H18.4617V7.46216H13.5386V13.616H7.38477V18.4615H13.5386V24.6929H18.4617V18.4615H24.6155V13.616Z" fill="white"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Swiss testing laboratory</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-78db8871 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="78db8871" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">USP 51</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7ab87105 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7ab87105" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Antimicrobial Effectiveness Test </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1096813 elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="1096813" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://microbe-investigations.com/contact-us/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Get In Touch</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-321a176c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="321a176c" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1d6263e6 elementor-position-left elementor-vertical-align-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box" data-id="1d6263e6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image-box.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-image-box-wrapper"><figure class="elementor-image-box-img"><img decoding="async" width="200" height="200" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Courier-Delivery-1.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-17635" alt="" srcset="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Courier-Delivery-1.png 200w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Courier-Delivery-1-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" /></figure><div class="elementor-image-box-content"><h3 class="elementor-image-box-title">Hassle-free testing experience</h3><p class="elementor-image-box-description">Need to get a product tested? No worries! To and fro logistics are on us; we collect your products, test them and, deliver them back to you.</p></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-62dc6d1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="62dc6d1" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"video","background_video_link":"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/1035890929\/ba11abfb80"}"> <div class="elementor-background-video-container elementor-hidden-mobile"> <div class="elementor-background-video-embed"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57b39447 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="57b39447" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-495c367b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="495c367b" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6da1dcb3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6da1dcb3" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4777b75a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4777b75a" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","sticky":"top","sticky_on":["desktop"],"sticky_parent":"yes","sticky_offset":0,"sticky_effects_offset":0,"sticky_anchor_link_offset":0}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e7efa1a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e7efa1a" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-58186665 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="58186665" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Related tests for you</h2> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7f1dde2e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="7f1dde2e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-64092839 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="64092839" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-24b4fc91 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="24b4fc91" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/usp-62-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><g id="Arrow / Arrow_Circle_Right"><path id="Vector" d="M12.7197 15L15.655 12M15.655 12L12.7197 9M15.655 12H7.82763M20.5471 12C20.5471 7.02944 16.6046 3 11.7413 3C6.87802 3 2.93555 7.02944 2.93555 12C2.93555 16.9706 6.87802 21 11.7413 21C16.6046 21 20.5471 16.9706 20.5471 12Z" stroke="#EE1938" stroke-width="1.6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></g></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">USP 62</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-45918df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="45918df" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Non-Sterile Product Test For Specified Microorganisms </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-110d4b76 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="110d4b76" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-446fe8de elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="446fe8de" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/iso-18415/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><g id="Arrow / Arrow_Circle_Right"><path id="Vector" d="M12.7197 15L15.655 12M15.655 12L12.7197 9M15.655 12H7.82763M20.5471 12C20.5471 7.02944 16.6046 3 11.7413 3C6.87802 3 2.93555 7.02944 2.93555 12C2.93555 16.9706 6.87802 21 11.7413 21C16.6046 21 20.5471 16.9706 20.5471 12Z" stroke="#EE1938" stroke-width="1.6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></g></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 18415 </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3125b376 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3125b376" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Detection of specified and non-specified microorganisms in cosmetic products </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-72ad7dcb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="72ad7dcb" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1789c3c0 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="1789c3c0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/iso-18416/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><g id="Arrow / Arrow_Circle_Right"><path id="Vector" d="M12.7197 15L15.655 12M15.655 12L12.7197 9M15.655 12H7.82763M20.5471 12C20.5471 7.02944 16.6046 3 11.7413 3C6.87802 3 2.93555 7.02944 2.93555 12C2.93555 16.9706 6.87802 21 11.7413 21C16.6046 21 20.5471 16.9706 20.5471 12Z" stroke="#EE1938" stroke-width="1.6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></g></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 18416 </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-675cfdbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="675cfdbe" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Detection of candida albicans microorganisms in cosmetic product </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-549583c0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="549583c0" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-26c35b84 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="26c35b84" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/iso-22718/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><g id="Arrow / Arrow_Circle_Right"><path id="Vector" d="M12.7197 15L15.655 12M15.655 12L12.7197 9M15.655 12H7.82763M20.5471 12C20.5471 7.02944 16.6046 3 11.7413 3C6.87802 3 2.93555 7.02944 2.93555 12C2.93555 16.9706 6.87802 21 11.7413 21C16.6046 21 20.5471 16.9706 20.5471 12Z" stroke="#EE1938" stroke-width="1.6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></g></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 22718</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2a53ed63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2a53ed63" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Cosmetic product </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-995a3f1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="995a3f1" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6f732c55 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="6f732c55" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/iso-11930/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><g id="Arrow / Arrow_Circle_Right"><path id="Vector" d="M12.7197 15L15.655 12M15.655 12L12.7197 9M15.655 12H7.82763M20.5471 12C20.5471 7.02944 16.6046 3 11.7413 3C6.87802 3 2.93555 7.02944 2.93555 12C2.93555 16.9706 6.87802 21 11.7413 21C16.6046 21 20.5471 16.9706 20.5471 12Z" stroke="#EE1938" stroke-width="1.6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></g></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 11930</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4b6c1faf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4b6c1faf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Preservative Efficacy Test </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7a0c6bfa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="7a0c6bfa" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-68895f23 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="68895f23" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/pcpc-test-methods/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><g id="Arrow / Arrow_Circle_Right"><path id="Vector" d="M12.7197 15L15.655 12M15.655 12L12.7197 9M15.655 12H7.82763M20.5471 12C20.5471 7.02944 16.6046 3 11.7413 3C6.87802 3 2.93555 7.02944 2.93555 12C2.93555 16.9706 6.87802 21 11.7413 21C16.6046 21 20.5471 16.9706 20.5471 12Z" stroke="#EE1938" stroke-width="1.6" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></g></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">PCPC test methods</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c860cc6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c860cc6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Determination of the Microbial Content of Cosmetic Products </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-43cb7085 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="43cb7085" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f23d5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="f23d5e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"> Quick understanding of the test</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-16954858 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="16954858" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6f7f8547 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="6f7f8547" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><strong>USP 51</strong> - Antimicrobial Effectiveness Test</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1ac76c8d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="1ac76c8d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c67bd76 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c67bd76" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-66e4edd6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="66e4edd6" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-66f60714 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="66f60714" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="#abstract_call">Purpose</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20f56972 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="20f56972" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2fadb3c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2fadb3c7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> USP 51 evaluates the antimicrobial effectiveness of preservatives in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care products. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6e960a78 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6e960a78" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-38208e7a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="38208e7a" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-305e7e75 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="305e7e75" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="#application_sec">Application</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5010ef66 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5010ef66" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-58f843d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="58f843d8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Applies to aqueous-based products, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6ad61906 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6ad61906" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b846a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="b846a3" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-574b5d46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="574b5d46" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="#test_organism">Mandatory test strains</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-56fc05e6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="56fc05e6" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-43f69a45 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="43f69a45" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M11 9L14 12L11 15M21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12Z" stroke="#8D8D8D" stroke-width="1.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Escherichia coli</span> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M11 9L14 12L11 15M21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12Z" stroke="#8D8D8D" stroke-width="1.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M11 9L14 12L11 15M21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12Z" stroke="#8D8D8D" stroke-width="1.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Staphylococcus aureus</span> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M11 9L14 12L11 15M21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12Z" stroke="#8D8D8D" stroke-width="1.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Candida albicans</span> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M11 9L14 12L11 15M21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12Z" stroke="#8D8D8D" stroke-width="1.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Aspergillus niger</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6b835671 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6b835671" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span style="color: #ee1938;"><strong><a class="inside_links" style="color: #ee1938;" href="#">View additional available test strains</a></strong></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2d8e665e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2d8e665e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d53e86f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="d53e86f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3e6504d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="3e6504d6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="#methods">Methodology</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6a4ba96e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6a4ba96e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e274180 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="e274180" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> The product is challenged with specified microorganisms and incubated. Microbial counts are measured at specified intervals to evaluate preservative effectiveness. A successful test demonstrates a significant reduction in microbial counts over time. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4f33a42f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4f33a42f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6a50968b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6a50968b" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5cb6342b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5cb6342b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Benefits</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-34116772 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="34116772" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4cd42186 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="4cd42186" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M11 9L14 12L11 15M21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12Z" stroke="#8D8D8D" stroke-width="1.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Ensures that preservatives effectively prevent microbial growth.</span> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M11 9L14 12L11 15M21 12C21 7.02944 16.9706 3 12 3C7.02944 3 3 7.02944 3 12C3 16.9706 7.02944 21 12 21C16.9706 21 21 16.9706 21 12Z" stroke="#8D8D8D" stroke-width="1.4" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Provides reproducible, reliable results for quality assurance.</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e2c925 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="e2c925" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-65e04abb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="65e04abb" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20b1d103 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="20b1d103" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Turnaround Time</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4e8ae75 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4e8ae75" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2b1f36e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2b1f36e3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> The test typically takes 4 to 5 weeks to complete. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-711acaab e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="711acaab" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-39c4f9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="39c4f9c" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e0d3307 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="e0d3307" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="#results">Results</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-752bde4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="752bde4" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4b932bab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4b932bab" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> The preservative effectiveness in the test product is determined by comparing microbial count at specific time intervals to the initial concentration of test microorganisms. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-60486d0f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="60486d0f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-865c77d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="865c77d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-106b34a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="106b34a9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Passing criteria</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-51e401d2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="51e401d2" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6b8acb99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6b8acb99" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> A significant reduction in microbial counts within the specified time points as outlined by the USP 51 standard. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-aa143c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="aa143c1" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-43e7c368 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="43e7c368" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4a8c2144 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="4a8c2144" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Do you have a product that needs testing?</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-234b3278 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="234b3278" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Get a quote from our experts today! </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3450fce6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3450fce6" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-421bbec7 elementor-align-right elementor-mobile-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="421bbec7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/get-a-quote/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Get a quote</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-37962584 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="37962584" data-element_type="widget" id="abstract_call" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6c61a51f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6c61a51f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-591d0047 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="591d0047" data-element_type="widget" id="abstract_call" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Abstract</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-693f2dd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="693f2dd7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">USP 51, the Antimicrobial Effectiveness Test (AET) is crucial to determine the antimicrobial effectiveness of preservatives in different products including pharmaceutical and personal care products. It outlines a procedure for checking the efficacy of antimicrobial preservatives used to prevent microbial growth that may manifest during production or later during use. </span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3fa61d16 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="3fa61d16" data-element_type="widget" id="test_organism" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3025958b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="3025958b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Test Requirements</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f5f308a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="f5f308a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Challenge organisms</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-46b6265e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="46b6265e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Microorganisms such as </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Candida albicans (</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">ATCC 10231), </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Aspergillus niger (</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">ATCC 16404), </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Escherichia coli (</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">ATCC 4352), </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Pseudomonas aeruginosa (</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">ATCC 9027), </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Staphylococcus aureus (</span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">ATCC 6538) are specified by this standard to challenge the preservatives.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Each organism is tested separately to determine the preservative’s effectiveness against both fungi and bacteria.</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c855ea8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="c855ea8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Media and preparation of inocula</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4b9c7e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4b9c7e6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Specific media are used to grow the challenge organisms and there is a standardized procedure for the preparation of inoculum. Such a standardization aids in the generalization of the test across various laboratories and makes the test more valid.</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-15568ec4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="15568ec4" data-element_type="widget" id="methods" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4a8b397a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4a8b397a" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-100e643f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="100e643f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Testing procedure</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6c8aa615 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6c8aa615" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Test microorganisms from stock culture are taken into a sterile vessel and harvested either by centrifugation (for broth medium) or washing (for solid medium).</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">These test microorganisms are resuspended in sterile saline and maintained at a microbial count of ~1 X 10^8 CFU/ml.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The test sample is taken and the initial microbial concentration in it is determined using plate count methods.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The test sample is then placed in a sterile container and exposed to a specific amount of test organisms.</span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Inoculated test samples are incubated at 22.5 ± 2.5°C and the viable count of microorganisms is determined at 7, 14, and 28 days, respectively. </span></li><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">The preservative effectiveness in the test product is determined by comparing microbial count at specific time intervals to the initial concentration of test microorganisms.</span></li></ul> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4cb7d959 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="4cb7d959" data-element_type="widget" id="application_sec" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-70173345 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="70173345" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Application in industry</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b4361b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="b4361b8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> This antimicrobial effectiveness test as a baseline determinant, plays a significant role in most industries to check on microbial contamination in several products. This test is crucial in ensuring product quality and safety for the consumers and also for compliance in many industries. </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-65bead33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="65bead33" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Pharmaceutical industry</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d383ec5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d383ec5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Multi-dose sterile products</b></li></ul><p style="padding-left: 40px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">This test is important for products like eye drops, nasal sprays and all injectables which are used several times once the sealed container is opened. It validates that the preservative system is capable of protecting the product from any microbial growth that could be incurred during repeated usage.</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-48f298f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="48f298f9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Personal care and cosmetics</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-281fbfb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="281fbfb0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Skincare and beauty products</b></li></ul><p style="padding-left: 40px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Water and nutrient solutions present in cosmetics such as lotions, creams, and even makeup products aid microbial growth. Testing carried out by USP 51 ensures that preservatives in these products are effective in containing microbial intrusion which is important for the health of users as well as the quality of products.</span></p><ul><li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><b>Baby products</b></li></ul><p style="padding-left: 40px;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Products like baby wipes and diaper rash creams must be free from harmful microbes to prevent irritation or infection. USP 51 helps ensure these products remain safe for sensitive users.</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7fbf2be elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="7fbf2be" data-element_type="widget" id="results" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-17752939 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="17752939" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">The Importance of Rigorous Testing </h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-bad437e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="bad437e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">USP 51 is crucial for preventing potential risks and maintaining the health of consumers. By testing the antimicrobial efficacy of preservative systems, the industry can effectively control product degradation and minimize the adverse effects on consumer health due to microbial stubbornness.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">If you are in the pharmaceutical or personal care product industry and need to ensure your products meet the highest safety standards, consider partnering with Microbe Investigation Switzerland (MIS). At MIS, we provide comprehensive testing and validation services to help you comply with USP 51 and other critical safety standards.</span></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Let MIS be your trusted partner in safeguarding your products and securing consumer confidence. <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/contact-us/">Contact us today</a> to learn more about how we can assist you in ensuring your products are safe and effective.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-13ef8626 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="13ef8626" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-537b3a68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="537b3a68" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-599d3898 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="599d3898" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-39882e6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="39882e6e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Frequently Asked Questions</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5a931f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5a931f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4a0d13e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4a0d13e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6b93c5ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="6b93c5ec" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="334" height="346" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/image-43.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-17640" alt="" srcset="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/image-43.png 334w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/image-43-290x300.png 290w" sizes="(max-width: 334px) 100vw, 334px" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b1912ab e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="b1912ab" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-490ea53d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="490ea53d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">DR. Martinoz Scholtz</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-159cfbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="159cfbe" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> MIS Labs </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-52b4abdf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="52b4abdf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-72861f3d faq_question elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-accordion" data-id="72861f3d" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"_animation":"fadeInUp"}" data-widget_type="eael-adv-accordion.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="eael-adv-accordion" id="eael-adv-accordion-72861f3d" data-scroll-on-click="" data-scroll-speed="300" data-accordion-id="72861f3d" data-accordion-type="accordion" data-toogle-speed="300"> <div class="eael-accordion-list"> <div id="1-what-is-usp-51" class="elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header active-default" tabindex="0" data-tab="1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-1921"><span class="eael-accordion-tab-title">1. What is USP 51?</span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus"></i></span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-minus"></i></span></div><div id="elementor-tab-content-1921" class="eael-accordion-content clearfix active-default" data-tab="1" aria-labelledby="1-what-is-usp-51"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This antimicrobial effectiveness testing</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> describes the methods and criteria for testing the effectiveness of antimicrobial preservatives included in pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and other potential consumer goods. The standard ensures that the antimicrobial preservatives used are adequate to protect products from microbial contamination.</span></p></div> </div><div class="eael-accordion-list"> <div id="2-what-types-of-products-require-this-testing" class="elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header" tabindex="0" data-tab="2" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-1922"><span class="eael-accordion-tab-title">2. What types of products require this testing?</span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus"></i></span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-minus"></i></span></div><div id="elementor-tab-content-1922" class="eael-accordion-content clearfix" data-tab="2" aria-labelledby="2-what-types-of-products-require-this-testing"><p>T<span style="font-weight: 400;">esting is required for any aqueous-based product that includes antimicrobial preservatives, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products.</span></p></div> </div><div class="eael-accordion-list"> <div id="3-how-often-should-usp-51-testing-be-performed" class="elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header" tabindex="0" data-tab="3" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-1923"><span class="eael-accordion-tab-title">3. How often should USP 51 testing be performed?</span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus"></i></span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-minus"></i></span></div><div id="elementor-tab-content-1923" class="eael-accordion-content clearfix" data-tab="3" aria-labelledby="3-how-often-should-usp-51-testing-be-performed"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">This testing is typically conducted during product development and as part of the stability testing regimen to ensure the preservative’s effectiveness throughout the product’s shelf life.</span></p></div> </div><div class="eael-accordion-list"> <div id="4-what-happens-if-a-product-fails-usp-51-testing" class="elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header" tabindex="0" data-tab="4" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-1924"><span class="eael-accordion-tab-title">4. What happens if a product fails USP 51 testing?</span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus"></i></span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-minus"></i></span></div><div id="elementor-tab-content-1924" class="eael-accordion-content clearfix" data-tab="4" aria-labelledby="4-what-happens-if-a-product-fails-usp-51-testing"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">If a product fails testing, it indicates that the preservative system is not adequate to protect the product against microbial contamination. The product formulation may need to be adjusted, or an alternative preservative system may need to be considered.</span></p></div> </div><div class="eael-accordion-list"> <div id="5-can-usp-51-testing-be-customized-for-specific-products" class="elementor-tab-title eael-accordion-header" tabindex="0" data-tab="5" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-1925"><span class="eael-accordion-tab-title">5. Can USP 51 testing be customized for specific products?</span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-closed"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-plus"></i></span><span class="eael-advanced-accordion-icon-opened"><i aria-hidden="true" class="fa-accordion-icon fas fa-minus"></i></span></div><div id="elementor-tab-content-1925" class="eael-accordion-content clearfix" data-tab="5" aria-labelledby="5-can-usp-51-testing-be-customized-for-specific-products"><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Yes, while USP 51 provides a general framework, the testing can be tailored to the specific characteristics of the product, considering factors like pH, viscosity, and the presence of non-aqueous components.</span></p></div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3c03242 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="3c03242" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6bc9dc6e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6bc9dc6e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3db86fb9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3db86fb9" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6863b67 e-con-full e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child" data-id="6863b67" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"animation":"fadeInUp"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-24a9874f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="24a9874f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Meet the best of the blend of<br> R&D, Efficacy Testing,<br> Innovation and Passionate<br> Experts at MIS.</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3a09a6b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3a09a6b4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Send us your sample and experience High quality Swiss standards, Industry leading turnaround times, and affordable prices. </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7a7fd0e9 elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="7a7fd0e9" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="#"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Ask us about our Fast Track program!</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57ff4b9d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="57ff4b9d" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-520ed9cf e-con-full animated-slow e-flex elementor-invisible e-con e-child" data-id="520ed9cf" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","animation":"fadeIn"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-509b6ade hp_cf_lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode" data-id="509b6ade" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="shortcode.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-shortcode"> <div class="wpcf7 no-js" id="wpcf7-f17691-p7379-o1" lang="en-US" dir="ltr" data-wpcf7-id="17691"> <div class="screen-reader-response"><p role="status" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true"></p> <ul></ul></div> <form action="/usp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test/#wpcf7-f17691-p7379-o1" method="post" class="wpcf7-form init" aria-label="Contact form" novalidate="novalidate" data-status="init"> <div style="display: none;"> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7" value="17691" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_version" value="6.0.3" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_locale" value="en_US" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_unit_tag" value="wpcf7-f17691-p7379-o1" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_container_post" value="7379" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7_posted_data_hash" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7cf_hidden_group_fields" value="[]" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7cf_hidden_groups" value="[]" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7cf_visible_groups" value="[]" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7cf_repeaters" value="[]" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7cf_steps" value="{}" /> <input type="hidden" name="_wpcf7cf_options" value="{"form_id":17691,"conditions":[],"settings":{"animation":"yes","animation_intime":200,"animation_outtime":200,"conditions_ui":"normal","notice_dismissed":false,"notice_dismissed_rollback-cf7-5.9.3":true,"notice_dismissed_rollback-cf7-5.9.7":true,"notice_dismissed_rollback-cf7-6.0":true,"notice_dismissed_rollback-cf7-6.0.1":true,"notice_dismissed_rollback-cf7-6.0.2":true}}" /> </div> <p><label> First Name<br /> <span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap" data-name="first-name"><input size="40" maxlength="400" class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required" autocomplete="name" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" value="" type="text" name="first-name" /></span> </label> </p> <p><label> Last Name<br /> <span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap" data-name="last-name"><input size="40" maxlength="400" class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required" autocomplete="name" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" value="" type="text" name="last-name" /></span> </label> </p> <p><label> Mobile Number<br /> <span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap" data-name="tel-34"><input size="40" maxlength="400" class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-tel wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-tel" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" value="" type="tel" name="tel-34" /></span> </label> </p> <p><label> Email<br /> <span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap" data-name="your-email"><input size="40" maxlength="400" class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-email wpcf7-validates-as-required wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-email" autocomplete="email" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" value="" type="email" name="your-email" /></span> </label> </p> <p><label> Organization Name<br /> <span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap" data-name="org-name"><input size="40" maxlength="400" class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-text wpcf7-validates-as-required" autocomplete="name" aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" value="" type="text" name="org-name" /></span> </label> </p> <p><label> Message<br /> <span class="wpcf7-form-control-wrap" data-name="your-message"><textarea cols="40" rows="5" maxlength="2000" class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-textarea" aria-invalid="false" name="your-message"></textarea></span> </label> </p> <p><input class="wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-submit has-spinner" type="submit" value="Submit" /> </p><div class="wpcf7-response-output" aria-hidden="true"></div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3660d92e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="3660d92e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-43655fb6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel" data-id="43655fb6" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"slides_to_show":"5","slides_to_scroll":"1","navigation":"none","autoplay_speed":1000,"image_spacing_custom":{"unit":"rem","size":10,"sizes":[]},"image_spacing_custom_tablet":{"unit":"rem","size":"","sizes":[]},"image_spacing_custom_mobile":{"unit":"rem","size":"","sizes":[]},"slides_to_show_tablet":"4","autoplay":"yes","pause_on_hover":"yes","pause_on_interaction":"yes","infinite":"yes","speed":500}" data-widget_type="image-carousel.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper" role="region" aria-roledescription="carousel" aria-label="Image Carousel" dir="ltr"> <div class="elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper" aria-live="off"> <div class="swiper-slide" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="1 of 5"><figure class="swiper-slide-inner"><img decoding="async" class="swiper-slide-image" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Image1.png" alt="Image1.png" /></figure></div><div class="swiper-slide" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="2 of 5"><figure class="swiper-slide-inner"><img decoding="async" class="swiper-slide-image" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Image2.png" alt="Image2.png" /></figure></div><div class="swiper-slide" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="3 of 5"><figure class="swiper-slide-inner"><img decoding="async" class="swiper-slide-image" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Image3.png" alt="Image3.png" /></figure></div><div class="swiper-slide" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="4 of 5"><figure class="swiper-slide-inner"><img decoding="async" class="swiper-slide-image" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Image4.png" alt="Image4.png" /></figure></div><div class="swiper-slide" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" aria-label="5 of 5"><figure class="swiper-slide-inner"><img decoding="async" class="swiper-slide-image" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Image5.png" alt="Image5.png" /></figure></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-727931b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="727931b8" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7b8165a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7b8165a1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Explore More</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-59e6afcc elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-carousel" data-id="59e6afcc" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"template_id":"17664","image_spacing_custom":{"unit":"px","size":24,"sizes":[]},"_skin":"post","slides_to_show":"3","slides_to_show_tablet":"2","slides_to_show_mobile":"1","slides_to_scroll":"1","edit_handle_selector":".elementor-widget-container","autoplay":"yes","autoplay_speed":5000,"pause_on_hover":"yes","pause_on_interaction":"yes","infinite":"yes","speed":500,"offset_sides":"none","arrows":"yes","image_spacing_custom_tablet":{"unit":"px","size":"","sizes":[]},"image_spacing_custom_mobile":{"unit":"px","size":"","sizes":[]}}" data-widget_type="loop-carousel.post"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="swiper elementor-loop-container elementor-grid" dir="ltr"> <div class="swiper-wrapper" aria-live="off"> <style id="loop-17664">.post_url p{ margin-bottom: 0px; }.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-af774df{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-31632a3{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--gap:0px 0px;--row-gap:0px;--column-gap:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c7438eb{--display:flex;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75af27f{--display:flex;--min-height:135px;--justify-content:center;--gap:4px 4px;--row-gap:4px;--column-gap:4px;--padding-top:01.5rem;--padding-bottom:01.5rem;--padding-left:1.5rem;--padding-right:01.5rem;}.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75af27f:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75af27f > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-color:#F0F1F2;}.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-1186aa6 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:"Inter Tight", Sans-serif;font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.8rem;letter-spacing:0.01rem;}.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-c686748 > .elementor-widget-container{padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-1186aa6 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:1.25vw;line-height:1.1rem;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-17664 .elementor-element.elementor-element-1186aa6 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.75rem;}}</style> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="17664" class="elementor elementor-17664 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-16566 post-16566 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-cosmetics ast-article-single" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-af774df post_url e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="af774df" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31632a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="31632a3" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c7438eb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c7438eb" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20f0803 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="20f0803" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/what-is-challenge-testing-for-cosmetics/"> <img decoding="async" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/thumbs/shutterstock_73119976-scaled-qyuk742mwp3u8rxplmeexflr8z474tvaq57r0gmepk.jpg" title="Cosmetics" alt="challenge testing for cosmetics" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-75af27f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="75af27f" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1186aa6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1186aa6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/what-is-challenge-testing-for-cosmetics/">What is Challenge Testing for Cosmetics?</a></h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c686748 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c686748" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>In the cosmetics industry, safety </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="17664" class="elementor elementor-17664 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-16394 post-16394 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-cosmetics ast-article-single" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-af774df post_url e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="af774df" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31632a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="31632a3" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c7438eb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c7438eb" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20f0803 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="20f0803" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/cosmetic-product-safety-testing-methods/"> <img decoding="async" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/thumbs/shutterstock_1139595944-scaled-qyujy0ysuco20h4unp08tq5civwgq5sph66s063euw.jpg" title="Lab,Chemist,Checking,Beauty,And,Make-up,Products" alt="Cosmetic Product Safety Testing Methods" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-75af27f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="75af27f" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1186aa6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1186aa6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/cosmetic-product-safety-testing-methods/">Cosmetic Product Safety Testing Methods</a></h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c686748 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c686748" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>Evidently, with the expanding cosmetics </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div data-elementor-type="loop-item" data-elementor-id="17664" class="elementor elementor-17664 swiper-slide e-loop-item e-loop-item-16063 post-16063 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-industry-update-cosmetics ast-article-single" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library" role="group" aria-roledescription="slide" data-custom-edit-handle="1"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-af774df post_url e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="af774df" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31632a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="31632a3" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c7438eb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c7438eb" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20f0803 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="20f0803" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/efficacy-testing-the-method-for-validating-the-claims-of-skincare-products/"> <img decoding="async" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/thumbs/shutterstock_1669709905-scaled-qysu75d0lzpru7zlpcd2r5tr866mmi4jiy4803z7js.jpg" title="Woman,Applying,Natural,Cream,Onto,Hand,In,Cosmetic,Laboratory,,Closeup" alt="Efficacy Testing: The Method for Validating the Claims of Skincare Products" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-75af27f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="75af27f" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1186aa6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1186aa6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default"><a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/efficacy-testing-the-method-for-validating-the-claims-of-skincare-products/">Efficacy Testing: The Method for Validating the Claims of Skincare Products</a></h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c686748 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c686748" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>In the competitive world of </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Previous"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="eicon-chevron-left"></i> </div> <div class="elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next" role="button" tabindex="0" aria-label="Next"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="eicon-chevron-right"></i> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script nitro-exclude> var heartbeatData = new FormData(); heartbeatData.append('nitroHeartbeat', '1'); fetch(location.href, {method: 'POST', body: heartbeatData, credentials: 'omit'}); </script> <script nitro-exclude> document.cookie = 'nitroCachedPage=' + (!window.NITROPACK_STATE ? '0' : '1') + '; path=/; SameSite=Lax'; </script> </div>  </div> <div class="hfe-before-footer-wrap"> <div class='footer-width-fixer'> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="18516" class="elementor elementor-18516" data-elementor-post-type="elementor-hf"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6b6fbe10 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="6b6fbe10" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-218491e0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="218491e0" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6cdb89e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6cdb89e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3732db5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="3732db5e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img width="476" height="180" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Group-1171280108.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-17840" alt="" srcset="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Group-1171280108.png 476w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Group-1171280108-300x113.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px" /> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-34244a1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="34244a1f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Microbe Investigations Switzerland </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-17424bd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="17424bd" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-39fdd0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="39fdd0a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Get your products tested today</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1fcc4a6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="1fcc4a6c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/get-a-quote/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Explore now</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4c1cd76e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="4c1cd76e" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7be9109e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="7be9109e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3144c41 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3144c41" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6df41925 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="6df41925" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-34eab67e elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="34eab67e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img width="160" height="160" src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/image-27.png" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-18520" alt="" srcset="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/image-27.png 160w, https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/image-27-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2d8e22a1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2d8e22a1" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-28708b7d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="28708b7d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> We also partner with over 16 labs (both GLP and non-GLP) for extended support. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="colophon" role="contentinfo"> <div class='footer-width-fixer'> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="18202" class="elementor elementor-18202" data-elementor-post-type="elementor-hf"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4d665360 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="4d665360" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-268ae611 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="268ae611" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3dcae561 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3dcae561" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-110f5eaf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="110f5eaf" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1d0905e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1d0905e2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">STRAINS</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-513a74e2 footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="513a74e2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/insects/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Insects</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-64351df2 footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="64351df2" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/bacteria/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Bacteria</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31b91bf8 footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="31b91bf8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/virus-strain/%20"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Virus</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cb003e8 footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="cb003e8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/fungi-strains/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Fungi</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3983e50e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="3983e50e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c182ad6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="c182ad6" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-216eab67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="216eab67" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">TESTING</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4f818d16 footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="4f818d16" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/entomology-testing-services/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Entomology Testing</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3c0ad7a7 footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="3c0ad7a7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antibacterial/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Antibacterial testing</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2421d46e footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="2421d46e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="/antiviral/"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">Antiviral testing</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-602b1c55 footer-btns elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="602b1c55" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="#"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-icon"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-arrow-right"></i> </span> <span class="elementor-button-text">odor testing</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-45b3cfe0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="45b3cfe0" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-526b9a17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="526b9a17" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Industry tests</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-75337ffb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="75337ffb" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-40a80243 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="40a80243" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-733e5d56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="733e5d56" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> entomology </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2e6ed731 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="2e6ed731" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6e55d5e8 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="6e55d5e8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/arm-in-cage-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Arm in cage Test</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/room-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Room test</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/olfactometer-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Olfactometer test</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/tick-repellent-testing/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Tick repellent testing</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/bed-bug-repellency-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Bed bug repellency test</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/peet-grady-chamber-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Peet-Grady Chamber Test</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-610a1a81 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="610a1a81" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-613177fc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="613177fc" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-625dd390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="625dd390" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Textiles </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3964b572 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="3964b572" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7279c68f elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="7279c68f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/aatcc-100/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">AATCC 100</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/jisl1902/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">JIS L 1902</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso-20743/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 20743</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-e2149/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM E2149</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/aatcc-147/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">AATCC 147</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso18184/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 18184</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/jis-l-1922/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">JIS L 1922</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-31f2c0aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="31f2c0aa" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2b1a9619 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2b1a9619" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2098b14a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2098b14a" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Disinfectants </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f72b6c7 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="f72b6c7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1c6de593 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="1c6de593" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/en-1276/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">EN 1276</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/en-16615/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">EN 16615</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-e1053/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM E1053</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/en-16777/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">EN 16777</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/en-13697/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">EN 13697</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/en-13727/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">EN 13727</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/pas-2424/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">PAS 2424</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-efd5b43 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="efd5b43" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8e3325b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="8e3325b" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6d9191c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6d9191c8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Cosmetics </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-493cf9bc elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="493cf9bc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6f4e1a63 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="6f4e1a63" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/usp-62-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">USP 62</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/usp-61-microbial-enumeration-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">USP 61</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/pcpc-test-methods/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">PCPC Test Methods</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso-21322/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 21322</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso-18416/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 18416</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso-21149/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 21149</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/usp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">USP 51</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3c02985b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="3c02985b" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-79c0d60a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="79c0d60a" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4a56787e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4a56787e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Plastics & COATINGS </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-61cf463d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="61cf463d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-14f697b4 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="14f697b4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso846/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 846</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-e2180/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM E2180</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-g22/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM G22</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-d3273-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM D3273</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-c1338/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM C1338</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-g29/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM G29</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso21702/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 21702</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1aee7806 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="1aee7806" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-55c60b95 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="55c60b95" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2bf9f050 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2bf9f050" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> Paints </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-66f4f6be elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="66f4f6be" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-44763cf elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="44763cf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-d4783/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM D4783</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-d2574/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM D2574</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/iso21702/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ISO 21702</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-d5590/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM D5590</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-d2574/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM D2574</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-d3273-test/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM D3273</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item"> <a href="/astm-d4783/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">ASTM D4783</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-440b8cd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent" data-id="440b8cd" data-element_type="container" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2a88c117 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2a88c117" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2b21b01f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="2b21b01f" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-946850b elementor-icon-list--layout-inline elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-tablet-align-center elementor-widget-tablet__width-inherit elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list" data-id="946850b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="icon-list.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <ul class="elementor-icon-list-items elementor-inline-items"> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <a href="https://microbe-investigations.com/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Home </span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <a href="/about/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">About</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Find a Test</span> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <a href="/blog/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Learning Centre</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <a href="/contact-us/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Consult an Expert</span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#80e9eee6efc0ede9e3f2efe2e5ade9eef6e5f3f4e9e7e1f4e9efeef3aee3efed"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21" height="20" viewBox="0 0 21 20" fill="none"><path d="M15.5 1.5H5C2.79086 1.5 1 3.29086 1 5.5V14.5C1 16.7091 2.79086 18.5 5 18.5H15.5C17.7091 18.5 19.5 16.7091 19.5 14.5V5.5C19.5 3.29086 17.7091 1.5 15.5 1.5Z" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.5"></path><path d="M1.04688 5.58984L8.25187 9.71984C8.85552 10.0706 9.54123 10.2553 10.2394 10.2553C10.9375 10.2553 11.6232 10.0706 12.2269 9.71984L19.4519 5.58984" stroke="white" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg> </span> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="6d04030b022d00040e1f020f084004031b081e19040a0c190402031e430e0200">[email protected]</span></span> </a> </li> <li class="elementor-icon-list-item elementor-inline-item"> <a href="/contact-us/"> <span class="elementor-icon-list-text">Contact us</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-541487f8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="541487f8" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2ace77d0 elementor-shape-rounded elementor-grid-0 e-grid-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons" data-id="2ace77d0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="social-icons.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid"> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon- elementor-repeater-item-16f15e4" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/71907713/admin/dashboard/" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only"></span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="24" viewBox="0 0 25 24" fill="none"><path d="M22.571 0H2.429C1.364 0 0.5 0.864 0.5 1.929V22.071C0.5 23.136 1.364 24 2.429 24H22.571C23.636 24 24.5 23.136 24.5 22.071V1.929C24.5 0.864 23.636 0 22.571 0ZM22.571 22.08C9.137 22.077 2.42 22.074 2.42 22.071C2.423 8.637 2.426 1.92 2.429 1.92C15.863 1.923 22.58 1.926 22.58 1.929C22.577 15.363 22.574 22.08 22.571 22.08ZM4.058 8.997H7.619V20.451H4.058V8.997ZM5.84 7.431C6.977 7.431 7.904 6.507 7.904 5.367C7.904 5.09595 7.85061 4.82756 7.74689 4.57714C7.64316 4.32673 7.49113 4.09919 7.29947 3.90753C7.10781 3.71587 6.88027 3.56384 6.62986 3.46011C6.37944 3.35639 6.11105 3.303 5.84 3.303C5.56895 3.303 5.30056 3.35639 5.05014 3.46011C4.79973 3.56384 4.57219 3.71587 4.38053 3.90753C4.18887 4.09919 4.03684 4.32673 3.93311 4.57714C3.82939 4.82756 3.776 5.09595 3.776 5.367C3.773 6.507 4.697 7.431 5.84 7.431ZM13.409 14.784C13.409 13.29 13.694 11.844 15.545 11.844C17.369 11.844 17.396 13.551 17.396 14.88V20.451H20.954V14.169C20.954 11.085 20.288 8.712 16.685 8.712C14.954 8.712 13.793 9.663 13.316 10.563H13.268V8.997H9.851V20.451H13.409V14.784Z" fill="white"></path></svg> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon- elementor-repeater-item-46f2c22" href="https://x.com/mis_switzerland" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only"></span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path d="M14.3754 10.1623L23.0549 0H20.9977L13.4634 8.82343L7.44286 0H0.5L9.60286 13.344L0.5 24H2.55714L10.5149 14.6811L16.8731 24H23.816L14.3754 10.1623ZM11.5589 13.4606L10.6366 12.132L3.29771 1.56H6.45714L12.3783 10.092L13.3006 11.4206L20.9994 22.512H17.84L11.5589 13.4606Z" fill="white"></path></svg> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-instagram elementor-repeater-item-15eb36f" href="https://www.instagram.com/microbeinvestigations?igsh=MWlhc2ppYW5kbDgycA==" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Instagram</span> <i class="fab fa-instagram"></i> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-youtube elementor-repeater-item-e2d4476" href="https://www.youtube.com/@microbeinvestigations" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Youtube</span> <i class="fab fa-youtube"></i> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div id="cookie-law-info-bar" data-nosnippet="true"><span><div class="cli-bar-container cli-style-v2"><div class="cli-bar-message">We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. By clicking “Accept All”, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent.</div><div class="cli-bar-btn_container"><a role='button' class="medium cli-plugin-button cli-plugin-main-button cli_settings_button" style="margin:0px 5px 0px 0px">Cookie Settings</a><a id="wt-cli-accept-all-btn" role='button' data-cli_action="accept_all" class="wt-cli-element medium cli-plugin-button wt-cli-accept-all-btn cookie_action_close_header cli_action_button">Accept All</a> </div></div></span></div><div id="cookie-law-info-again" data-nosnippet="true"><span id="cookie_hdr_showagain">Manage consent</span></div><div class="cli-modal" data-nosnippet="true" id="cliSettingsPopup" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="cliSettingsPopup" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="cli-modal-dialog" role="document"> <div class="cli-modal-content cli-bar-popup"> <button type="button" class="cli-modal-close" id="cliModalClose"> <svg class="" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M19 6.41l-1.41-1.41-5.59 5.59-5.59-5.59-1.41 1.41 5.59 5.59-5.59 5.59 1.41 1.41 5.59-5.59 5.59 5.59 1.41-1.41-5.59-5.59z"></path><path d="M0 0h24v24h-24z" fill="none"></path></svg> <span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Close</span> </button> <div class="cli-modal-body"> <div class="cli-container-fluid cli-tab-container"> <div class="cli-row"> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0"> <div class="cli-privacy-overview"> <h4>Privacy Overview</h4> <div class="cli-privacy-content"> <div class="cli-privacy-content-text">This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience.</div> </div> <a class="cli-privacy-readmore" aria-label="Show more" role="button" data-readmore-text="Show more" data-readless-text="Show less"></a> </div> </div> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0 cli-tab-section-container"> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a role="button" tabindex="0" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="necessary" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Necessary </a> <div class="wt-cli-necessary-checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-necessary" data-id="checkbox-necessary" checked="checked" /> <label class="form-check-label" for="wt-cli-checkbox-necessary">Necessary</label> </div> <span class="cli-necessary-caption">Always Enabled</span> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="necessary"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description"> Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. <table class="cookielawinfo-row-cat-table cookielawinfo-winter"><thead><tr><th class="cookielawinfo-column-1">Cookie</th><th class="cookielawinfo-column-3">Duration</th><th class="cookielawinfo-column-4">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-others</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other.</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance".</td></tr><tr class="cookielawinfo-row"><td class="cookielawinfo-column-1">viewed_cookie_policy</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-3">11 months</td><td class="cookielawinfo-column-4">The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. It does not store any personal data.</td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a role="button" tabindex="0" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="functional" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Functional </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-functional" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" data-id="checkbox-functional" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-functional" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Functional</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="functional"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description"> Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a role="button" tabindex="0" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="performance" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Performance </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-performance" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" data-id="checkbox-performance" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-performance" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Performance</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="performance"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description"> Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a role="button" tabindex="0" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="analytics" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Analytics </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-analytics" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" data-id="checkbox-analytics" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-analytics" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Analytics</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="analytics"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description"> Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a role="button" tabindex="0" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="advertisement" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Advertisement </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-advertisement" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" data-id="checkbox-advertisement" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-advertisement" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Advertisement</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="advertisement"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description"> Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-section"> <div class="cli-tab-header"> <a role="button" tabindex="0" class="cli-nav-link cli-settings-mobile" data-target="others" data-toggle="cli-toggle-tab"> Others </a> <div class="cli-switch"> <input type="checkbox" id="wt-cli-checkbox-others" class="cli-user-preference-checkbox" data-id="checkbox-others" /> <label for="wt-cli-checkbox-others" class="cli-slider" data-cli-enable="Enabled" data-cli-disable="Disabled"><span class="wt-cli-sr-only">Others</span></label> </div> </div> <div class="cli-tab-content"> <div class="cli-tab-pane cli-fade" data-id="others"> <div class="wt-cli-cookie-description"> Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-modal-footer"> <div class="wt-cli-element cli-container-fluid cli-tab-container"> <div class="cli-row"> <div class="cli-col-12 cli-align-items-stretch cli-px-0"> <div class="cli-tab-footer wt-cli-privacy-overview-actions"> <a id="wt-cli-privacy-save-btn" role="button" tabindex="0" data-cli-action="accept" class="wt-cli-privacy-btn cli_setting_save_button wt-cli-privacy-accept-btn cli-btn">SAVE & ACCEPT</a> </div> <div class="wt-cli-ckyes-footer-section"> <div class="wt-cli-ckyes-brand-logo">Powered by <a href="https://www.cookieyes.com/"><img src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/cookie-law-info/legacy/public/images/logo-cookieyes.svg" alt="CookieYes Logo"></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cli-modal-backdrop cli-fade cli-settings-overlay"></div> <div class="cli-modal-backdrop cli-fade cli-popupbar-overlay"></div>  <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> var Tawk_API=Tawk_API||{}, Tawk_LoadStart=new Date(); (function(){ var s1=document.createElement("script"),s0=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s1.async=true; s1.src='https://embed.tawk.to/65d6d3139131ed19d96fc6c6/1hn7ih1dh'; s1.charset='UTF-8'; s1.setAttribute('crossorigin','*'); s0.parentNode.insertBefore(s1,s0); })(); </script>   <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type":"Question","name":"1. What is USP 51?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This antimicrobial effectiveness testing<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> describes the methods and criteria for testing the effectiveness of antimicrobial preservatives included in pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and other potential consumer goods. The standard ensures that the antimicrobial preservatives used are adequate to protect products from microbial contamination.<\/span><\/p>"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"2. What types of products require this testing?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p>T<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">esting is required for any aqueous-based product that includes antimicrobial preservatives, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and personal care products.<\/span><\/p>"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"3. How often should USP 51 testing be performed?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This testing is typically conducted during product development and as part of the stability testing regimen to ensure the preservative's effectiveness throughout the product's shelf life.<\/span><\/p>"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"4. What happens if a product fails USP 51 testing?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a product fails testing, it indicates that the preservative system is not adequate to protect the product against microbial contamination. The product formulation may need to be adjusted, or an alternative preservative system may need to be considered.<\/span><\/p>"}},{"@type":"Question","name":"5. Can USP 51 testing be customized for specific products?","acceptedAnswer":{"@type":"Answer","text":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yes, while USP 51 provides a general framework, the testing can be tailored to the specific characteristics of the product, considering factors like pH, viscosity, and the presence of non-aqueous components.<\/span><\/p>"}}]} </script>  <script> const lazyloadRunObserver = () => { const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` ); const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => { entries.forEach( ( entry ) => { if ( entry.isIntersecting ) { let lazyloadBackground = entry.target; if( lazyloadBackground ) { lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' ); } lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target ); } }); }, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } ); lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => { lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground ); } ); }; const events = [ 'DOMContentLoaded', 'elementor/lazyload/observe', ]; events.forEach( ( event ) => { document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver ); } ); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-18336-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-18336.css?ver=1739798622' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-loop-grid-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/css/widget-loop-grid.min.css?ver=3.27.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-social-icons-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-social-icons.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-apple-webkit-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/conditionals/apple-webkit.min.css?ver=3.27.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-law-info-table-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/cookie-law-info/legacy/public/css/cookie-law-info-table.css?ver=3.2.8' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-ekiticons-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementskit-lite/modules/elementskit-icon-pack/assets/css/ekiticons.css?ver=3.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-fa-regular-css' href='https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/regular.min.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <script id="astra-theme-js-js-extra"> var astra = {"break_point":"921","isRtl":"","is_scroll_to_id":"","is_scroll_to_top":"","is_header_footer_builder_active":"1","responsive_cart_click":"flyout"}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/js/minified/frontend.min.js?ver=4.8.10" id="astra-theme-js-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=6.0.3" id="swv-js"></script> <script id="contact-form-7-js-before"> var wpcf7 = { "api": { "root": "https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-json\/", "namespace": "contact-form-7\/v1" }, "cached": 1 }; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=6.0.3" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/country-phone-field-contact-form-7/assets/js/intlTelInput.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="nbcpf-intlTelInput-script-js"></script> <script id="nbcpf-countryFlag-script-js-extra"> var nbcpf = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/country-phone-field-contact-form-7/assets/js/countrySelect.min.js?ver=6.7.2" id="nbcpf-countryFlag-script-js"></script> <script id="nbcpf-countryFlag-script-js-after"> (function($) { $(function() { $(".wpcf7-countrytext").countrySelect({ }); $(".wpcf7-phonetext").intlTelInput({ autoHideDialCode: true, autoPlaceholder: true, nationalMode: false, separateDialCode: true, hiddenInput: "full_number", }); $(".wpcf7-phonetext").each(function () { var hiddenInput = $(this).attr('name'); //console.log(hiddenInput); var dial_code = $(this).siblings(".flag-container").find(".selected-flag .selected-dial-code").text(); $("input[name="+hiddenInput+"-country-code]").val(dial_code); }); $(".wpcf7-phonetext").on("countrychange", function() { // do something with iti.getSelectedCountryData() //console.log(this.value); var hiddenInput = $(this).attr("name"); var dial_code = $(this).siblings(".flag-container").find(".selected-flag .selected-dial-code").text(); $("input[name="+hiddenInput+"-country-code]").val(dial_code); }); var isMobile = /Android.+Mobile|webOS|iPhone|iPod|BlackBerry|IEMobile|Opera Mini/i.test(navigator.userAgent); $(".wpcf7-phonetext").on("keyup", function() { var dial_code = $(this).siblings(".flag-container").find(".selected-flag .selected-dial-code").text(); var value = $(this).val(); if(value == "+") $(this).val(""); else if(value.indexOf("+") == "-1") $(this).val(dial_code + value); else if(value.indexOf("+") > 0) $(this).val(dial_code + value.substring(dial_code.length)); });$(".wpcf7-countrytext").on("keyup", function() { var country_name = $(this).siblings(".flag-dropdown").find(".country-list li.active span.country-name").text(); if(country_name == "") var country_name = $(this).siblings(".flag-dropdown").find(".country-list li.highlight span.country-name").text(); var value = $(this).val(); //console.log(country_name, value); $(this).val(country_name + value.substring(country_name.length)); }); }); })(jQuery); </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/honeypot/includes/js/wpa.js?ver=2.2.06" id="wpascript-js"></script> <script id="wpascript-js-after"> wpa_field_info = {"wpa_field_name":"devcsj9052","wpa_field_value":295163,"wpa_add_test":"no"} </script> <script id="wpcf7-redirect-script-js-extra"> var wpcf7r = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/wpcf7-redirect/build/js/wpcf7r-fe.js?ver=1.1" id="wpcf7-redirect-script-js"></script> <script id="eael-general-js-extra"> var localize = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"5d103cac5c","i18n":{"added":"Added ","compare":"Compare","loading":"Loading..."},"eael_translate_text":{"required_text":"is a required field","invalid_text":"Invalid","billing_text":"Billing","shipping_text":"Shipping","fg_mfp_counter_text":"of"},"page_permalink":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/usp-51-antimicrobial-effectiveness-test\/","cart_redirectition":"","cart_page_url":"","el_breakpoints":{"mobile":{"label":"Mobile Portrait","value":767,"default_value":767,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"mobile_extra":{"label":"Mobile Landscape","value":880,"default_value":880,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"tablet":{"label":"Tablet Portrait","value":1024,"default_value":1024,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet_extra":{"label":"Tablet Landscape","value":1200,"default_value":1200,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"laptop":{"label":"Laptop","value":1366,"default_value":1366,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"widescreen":{"label":"Widescreen","value":2400,"default_value":2400,"direction":"min","is_enabled":false}}}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/essential-addons-for-elementor-lite/assets/front-end/js/view/general.min.js?ver=6.1.4" id="eael-general-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/uploads/essential-addons-elementor/eael-7379.js?ver=1737143705" id="eael-7379-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/lib/sticky/jquery.sticky.min.js?ver=3.27.0" id="e-sticky-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/swiper/v8/swiper.min.js?ver=8.4.5" id="swiper-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/js/imagesloaded.min.js?ver=5.0.0" id="imagesloaded-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementskit-lite/libs/framework/assets/js/frontend-script.js?ver=3.4.0" id="elementskit-framework-js-frontend-js"></script> <script id="elementskit-framework-js-frontend-js-after"> var elementskit = { resturl: 'https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-json/elementskit/v1/', } </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementskit-lite/widgets/init/assets/js/widget-scripts.js?ver=3.4.0" id="ekit-widget-scripts-js"></script> <script id="wpcf7cf-scripts-js-extra"> var wpcf7cf_global_settings = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/cf7-conditional-fields/js/scripts.js?ver=2.5.7" id="wpcf7cf-scripts-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/js/hoverIntent.min.js?ver=1.10.2" id="hoverIntent-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/megamenu/js/maxmegamenu.js?ver=3.4.1" id="megamenu-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/js/webpack-pro.runtime.min.js?ver=3.27.0" id="elementor-pro-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/webpack.runtime.min.js?ver=3.27.5" id="elementor-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend-modules.min.js?ver=3.27.5" id="elementor-frontend-modules-js"></script> <script id="elementor-pro-frontend-js-before"> var ElementorProFrontendConfig = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"22b8d63e36","urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/pro-elements\/assets\/","rest":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-json\/"},"settings":{"lazy_load_background_images":true},"popup":{"hasPopUps":true},"shareButtonsNetworks":{"facebook":{"title":"Facebook","has_counter":true},"twitter":{"title":"Twitter"},"linkedin":{"title":"LinkedIn","has_counter":true},"pinterest":{"title":"Pinterest","has_counter":true},"reddit":{"title":"Reddit","has_counter":true},"vk":{"title":"VK","has_counter":true},"odnoklassniki":{"title":"OK","has_counter":true},"tumblr":{"title":"Tumblr"},"digg":{"title":"Digg"},"skype":{"title":"Skype"},"stumbleupon":{"title":"StumbleUpon","has_counter":true},"mix":{"title":"Mix"},"telegram":{"title":"Telegram"},"pocket":{"title":"Pocket","has_counter":true},"xing":{"title":"XING","has_counter":true},"whatsapp":{"title":"WhatsApp"},"email":{"title":"Email"},"print":{"title":"Print"},"x-twitter":{"title":"X"},"threads":{"title":"Threads"}},"facebook_sdk":{"lang":"en_US","app_id":""},"lottie":{"defaultAnimationUrl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/pro-elements\/modules\/lottie\/assets\/animations\/default.json"}}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=3.27.0" id="elementor-pro-frontend-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script id="elementor-frontend-js-before"> var elementorFrontendConfig = {"environmentMode":{"edit":false,"wpPreview":false,"isScriptDebug":false},"i18n":{"shareOnFacebook":"Share on Facebook","shareOnTwitter":"Share on Twitter","pinIt":"Pin it","download":"Download","downloadImage":"Download image","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","zoom":"Zoom","share":"Share","playVideo":"Play Video","previous":"Previous","next":"Next","close":"Close","a11yCarouselPrevSlideMessage":"Previous slide","a11yCarouselNextSlideMessage":"Next slide","a11yCarouselFirstSlideMessage":"This is the first slide","a11yCarouselLastSlideMessage":"This is the last slide","a11yCarouselPaginationBulletMessage":"Go to slide"},"is_rtl":false,"breakpoints":{"xs":0,"sm":480,"md":768,"lg":1025,"xl":1440,"xxl":1600},"responsive":{"breakpoints":{"mobile":{"label":"Mobile Portrait","value":767,"default_value":767,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"mobile_extra":{"label":"Mobile Landscape","value":880,"default_value":880,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"tablet":{"label":"Tablet Portrait","value":1024,"default_value":1024,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet_extra":{"label":"Tablet Landscape","value":1200,"default_value":1200,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"laptop":{"label":"Laptop","value":1366,"default_value":1366,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"widescreen":{"label":"Widescreen","value":2400,"default_value":2400,"direction":"min","is_enabled":false}},"hasCustomBreakpoints":false},"version":"3.27.5","is_static":false,"experimentalFeatures":{"additional_custom_breakpoints":true,"container":true,"e_swiper_latest":true,"e_onboarding":true,"theme_builder_v2":true,"home_screen":true,"landing-pages":true,"nested-elements":true,"editor_v2":true,"link-in-bio":true,"floating-buttons":true},"urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","uploadUrl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-content\/uploads"},"nonces":{"floatingButtonsClickTracking":"ea38fce3ae"},"swiperClass":"swiper","settings":{"page":[],"editorPreferences":[]},"kit":{"active_breakpoints":["viewport_mobile","viewport_tablet"],"global_image_lightbox":"yes","lightbox_enable_counter":"yes","lightbox_enable_fullscreen":"yes","lightbox_enable_zoom":"yes","lightbox_enable_share":"yes","lightbox_title_src":"title","lightbox_description_src":"description"},"post":{"id":7379,"title":"USP%2051%20Antimicrobial%20Effectiveness%20Testing%20Service","excerpt":"","featuredImage":false}}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=3.27.5" id="elementor-frontend-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/pro-elements/assets/js/elements-handlers.min.js?ver=3.27.0" id="pro-elements-handlers-js"></script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementskit-lite/widgets/init/assets/js/animate-circle.min.js?ver=3.4.0" id="animate-circle-js"></script> <script id="elementskit-elementor-js-extra"> var ekit_config = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/microbe-investigations.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"7b87972e60"}; </script> <script src="https://microbe-investigations.com/wp-content/plugins/elementskit-lite/widgets/init/assets/js/elementor.js?ver=3.4.0" id="elementskit-elementor-js"></script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> </body> </html>