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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Book Five: <i>Warp and Weft</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Book_Five:_Warp_and_Weft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Book_Six:_Widow_Kang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Book_Six:_Widow_Kang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Book Six: <i>Widow Kang</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Book_Six:_Widow_Kang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Book_Seven:_The_Age_of_Great_Progress" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Book_Seven:_The_Age_of_Great_Progress"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Book Seven: <i>The Age of Great Progress</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Book_Seven:_The_Age_of_Great_Progress-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Book_Eight:_War_of_the_Asuras" 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiempos_de_arroz_y_sal" title="Tiempos de arroz y sal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tiempos de arroz y sal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroniques_des_ann%C3%A9es_noires" title="Chroniques des années noires – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chroniques des années noires" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8C%80%EA%B3%BC_%EC%86%8C%EA%B8%88%EC%9D%98_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="쌀과 소금의 시대 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쌀과 소금의 시대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt" title="The Years of Rice and Salt – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="The Years of Rice and Salt" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gli_anni_del_riso_e_del_sale" title="Gli anni del riso e del sale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gli anni del riso e del sale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_rizs_%C3%A9s_a_s%C3%B3_%C3%A9vei" title="A rizs és a só évei – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A rizs és a só évei" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt" title="The Years of Rice and Salt – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="The Years of Rice and Salt" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lata_ry%C5%BCu_i_soli" title="Lata ryżu i soli – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lata ryżu i soli" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Годы риса и соли – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Годы риса и соли" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Роки рису та солі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роки рису та солі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q963586#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">The Years of Rice and Salt <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt&rft.author=%5B%5BKim+Stanley+Robinson%5D%5D&rft.date=March+2002&rft.pub=%5B%5BBantam+Books%5D%5D+%28US%29%3Cbr+%2F%3E%5B%5BHarperCollins%5D%5D+%28UK%29&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=660&rft_id=info:oclcnum/47894803"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TheYearsOfRiceAndSalt(1stEdUK).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/21/TheYearsOfRiceAndSalt%281stEdUK%29.jpg/220px-TheYearsOfRiceAndSalt%281stEdUK%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/21/TheYearsOfRiceAndSalt%281stEdUK%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="395" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cover of UK hardcover edition</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history_(fiction)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternate history (fiction)">Alternate history</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bantam_Books" title="Bantam Books">Bantam Books</a> (US)<br /><a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a> (UK)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Publication date</div></th><td class="infobox-data">March 2002</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication place</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data">Print (hardback & paperback)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pages</th><td class="infobox-data">660</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel</a> (2003)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-553-10920-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-553-10920-0">0-553-10920-0</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)"><abbr title="Online Computer Library Center number">OCLC</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47894803">47894803</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dewey_Decimal_Classification" title="Dewey Decimal Classification">Dewey Decimal</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">813/.54 21</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/LCC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCC (identifier)"><abbr title="Library of Congress Classification">LC Class</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">PS3568.O2893 Y43 2002</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>The Years of Rice and Salt</b></i> is an <a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">alternate history</a> novel by American science fiction author <a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a>, published in 2002. The novel explores how world history might have been different if the <a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a> plague had killed 99 percent of Europe's population, instead of a third as it did in reality. Divided into ten parts, the story spans hundreds of years, from the army of the Muslim conqueror <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">Timur</a> to the 21st century, with Europe being re-populated by Muslim pioneers, the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous peoples of the Americas</a> forming a league to resist Chinese and Muslim invaders, and a 67-year-long world war being fought primarily between Muslim states and the Chinese and their allies. While the ten parts take place in different times and places, they are connected by a group of characters that are <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">reincarnated</a> into each time but are identified to the reader by the first letter of their name being consistent in each life. </p><p>The novel explores themes of history, religion, and social movements. The historical narrative is guided more by <a href="/wiki/Social_history" title="Social history">social history</a> than <a href="/wiki/Political_history" title="Political history">political</a> or <a href="/wiki/Military_history" title="Military history">military history</a>. Critics found the book to be rich in detail, realistic, and thoughtful. <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i> won the <a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel</a> in 2003. In the same year it was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke_Award" title="Arthur C. Clarke Award">Arthur C. Clarke Award</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Novel" title="Hugo Award for Best Novel">Hugo Award</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award_for_Best_Novel" title="BSFA Award for Best Novel">British Science Fiction Award</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the time of publication in 2002, science fiction author <a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a> was 49 years old and living in <a href="/wiki/Davis,_California" title="Davis, California">Davis, California</a>. He had conceived of the premise for <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i> in the 1970s while thinking about what alternate history scenario would result in "the biggest change that would still work in terms of comparison to our history".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He subsequently developed an interest in China and in <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, which he would study for this project.<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robinson's only other alternate history story prior to this project was the short story "The Lucky Strike" (1984),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where the <i>Enola Gay</i> crashes in a training exercise and the secondary crew must complete the <a href="/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki" title="Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki">Hiroshima bombing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PW_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robinson also wrote an essay titled "A Sensitive Dependence on Initial Conditions" (1991),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> comparing different theories of history and laws of science, such as the <a href="/wiki/Deductive-nomological_model" title="Deductive-nomological model">covering law model</a>, to explain how alternate histories can be arrived at, using "The Lucky Strike" as an example.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He explored the idea of non-Western influences creating a new culture while working on his <a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy" title="Mars trilogy">Mars trilogy</a>, which involved a heavy Muslim influence in a Martian colony.<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mars trilogy gave Robinson a reputation for quality of writing and a richness of detail comparable to <a href="/wiki/James_A._Michener" title="James A. Michener">James Michener</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CameraFeb24-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as winning him a <a href="/wiki/Nebula_Award_for_Best_Novel" title="Nebula Award for Best Novel">Nebula Award</a> for <i>Red Mars</i> (1993) and two <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Locus Awards</a> for <i>Green Mars</i> (1994) and <i>Blue Mars</i> (1996).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Robinson followed the Mars trilogy with the novel <i><a href="/wiki/Antarctica_(novel)" title="Antarctica (novel)">Antarctica</a></i> (1997), which won an <a href="/wiki/Alex_Awards" title="Alex Awards">Alex Award</a>, and two short story collections, <i>The Martians</i> (1999) and <i>Vinland the Dream</i> (2001), before publishing <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The story is divided into ten parts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_One:_Awake_to_Emptiness">Book One: <i>Awake to Emptiness</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Book One: Awake to Emptiness"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bold and Psin, scouts in <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">Timur</a>'s army, discover a <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian people">Magyar</a> city where all the inhabitants have died from a plague. Timur turns his army around and orders the scouting party executed to avoid the plague, but Bold escapes and wanders through the dead lands of Eastern Europe, encountering only one lone native. Upon reaching the sea he is captured by Turkish Muslim slave-traders and sold to <a href="/wiki/Zheng_He" title="Zheng He">Zheng He</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Chinese_treasure_fleet" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese treasure fleet">Chinese treasure fleet</a>. Bold befriends a young African slave, named Kyu, whom he cares for after the Chinese castrate him. </p><p>In China, they are kept as kitchen slaves until Kyu burns the restaurant and convinces Bold to escape with him. The pair make their way north to Beijing where they find work at the palace of <a href="/wiki/Hongxi_Emperor" title="Hongxi Emperor">Zhu Gaozhi</a>, heir to the <a href="/wiki/Yongle_Emperor" title="Yongle Emperor">Yongle Emperor</a>. The vengeful Kyu, hating the Chinese for what they have done to him, incites violence between the <a href="/wiki/Eunuch" title="Eunuch">eunuchs</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucian</a> administrative officials. After his scheming is discovered, Kyu is assassinated. </p><p>Kyu and Bold reunite in the <a href="/wiki/Bardo" title="Bardo">bardo</a>, where Bold explains to Kyu the concepts of cyclical reincarnation alongside one's <a href="/wiki/J%C4%81ti_(Buddhism)" title="Jāti (Buddhism)">jati</a>. He explains that their jati also includes Psin, the restaurant owners Shen and I-li, and an unknown number of others, and that their group has been especially close since an avalanche in Tibet killed them all at once in a previous cycle. Kyu resolves to do better in his next life. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Two:_The_Haj_in_the_Heart">Book Two: <i>The Haj in the Heart</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Book Two: The Haj in the Heart"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Mughal_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal India">Mughal India</a>, two Hindu girls named Kokila and Bihari grow up together studying traditional medicine. Kokila is married to the son of an unpopular village headman. Her husband's brother gets Bihari pregnant, and Kokila is too late to save her from dying in a miscarriage. In revenge, Kokila uses her knowledge of herbs to fatally poison her brother-in-law and father. She is executed for her crime. </p><p>Kokila reincarnates as a tiger named Kya, who saves Bistami, a <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufi</a> mystic of <a href="/wiki/Persian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian people">Persian</a> origin, from an attack by Hindus. After seeing Bistami beaten by his older brother, Kya kills the brother, and is trapped and killed by the villagers in retaliation. </p><p>Bistami goes on to become a judge for the <a href="/wiki/Mughal_emperors" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughal emperors">Mughal Emperor</a> <a href="/wiki/Akbar" title="Akbar">Akbar</a>, but later falls into his disfavour and is exiled to <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>. Bistami spends a year in Mecca before learning that he is being blamed for Akbar forsaking Islam, and departs again, traveling to the <a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberia">Iberia</a> (Al-Andalus). Accompanied by Ibn Ezra, a follower of the historian <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khaldun" title="Ibn Khaldun">Ibn Khaldun</a>, Bistami joins a caravan led by Sultan Mawji and his wife Katima, who seek to found a new city on the other side of the <a href="/wiki/Pyrenees" title="Pyrenees">Pyrenees</a>. </p><p>The caravan members found a city called Baraka on the abandoned former site of <a href="/wiki/Bayonne" title="Bayonne">Bayonne</a>, France, and create a model society based on Katima's feminist interpretation of the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>. After Mawji dies, Katima rules the community on her own. Believing this to be heresy, the Caliph of Al-Andalus sends an army against Baraka. Bistami, Katima, Ibn Ezra, and their remaining followers flee again, this time founding the city of Nsara (near <a href="/wiki/Nantes" title="Nantes">Nantes</a>, France). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Three:_Ocean_Continents">Book Three: <i>Ocean Continents</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Book Three: Ocean Continents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Wanli_Emperor" title="Wanli Emperor">Wanli Emperor</a> orders a fleet under Admiral Kheim to invade Nippon (Japan). When the wind fails to arrive, the huge fleet is swept out to sea by the <a href="/wiki/Kuroshio_Current" title="Kuroshio Current">Kuroshio Current</a> and set adrift on the unexplored Pacific Ocean. Deciding that their only hope of returning home is to ride the <a href="/wiki/North_Pacific_Gyre" title="North Pacific Gyre">North Pacific Gyre</a>, the fleet navigates all the way to the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>. </p><p>The sailors land on the West coast of North America and make contact with the peaceful <a href="/wiki/Miwok_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Miwok people">Miwok people</a>. Kheim befriends a girl named Butterfly and begins teaching her to speak Chinese. Once Kheim discovers they have infected the indigenous people with disease, he orders his crew to leave at once, but a sailor named Peng jumps ship to remain with his Miwok lover. Butterfly comes aboard the fleet, intending to voyage with Kheim back to China. </p><p>Continuing south, Kheim's fleet encounters the <a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Inca Empire</a>. They are taken prisoner, and both Kheim and Butterfly are set to be ritually sacrificed; Kheim escapes by awing the natives with his flintlock pistol. On the return trip to China, Butterfly is fatally injured during a storm and soon dies. Kheim tells the Emperor that the Inca are militarily weak and rich in gold. In the bardo, a grieving and enraged Kheim attacks the goddess <a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a> with his sword, but is unable to wound her. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Four:_The_Alchemist">Book Four: <i>The Alchemist</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Book Four: The Alchemist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Khalid, an alchemist from <a href="/wiki/Samarkand" title="Samarkand">Samarkand</a>, attempts to fool the Khan into believing that he has discovered the <a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">Philosopher's stone</a>. The Khan's aide discovers the fraud and Khalid's hand is severed as punishment. Khalid becomes disenchanted with alchemy and decides to destroy all his books. His friend Iwang, a Tibetan Buddhist mathematician, and son-in-law Bahram, a Sufi blacksmith, instead convince Khalid to test the claims in the books through practical experiments, particularly those of <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>. </p><p>Khalid and Iwang devote themselves to demonstrations that use the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">scientific method</a> to greatly progress knowledge of physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology, and weaponry. Their discoveries inspire Samarkand's other <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">madrasa</a> scholars to conduct scientific investigations of their own. However, the Khan still sees Khalid as a con artist, and demands that he prove his worth by inventing new weapons to fight the rising Chinese threat to the East. The Chinese attack never comes; in the end, everyone at Khalid's lab is killed by an outbreak of plague, implied to have resulted from the Khan's refusal to listen to Khalid and Iwang's suggestions to improve the city's sanitation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Five:_Warp_and_Weft">Book Five: <i>Warp and Weft</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Book Five: Warp and Weft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Iroquois" title="Iroquois">Iroquois</a> people, referred to throughout by their own name of Hodenosaunee (People of the Longhouse) hold a ceremony to raise a foreigner named Fromwest to the rank of Chief. After distinguishing himself in a game of <a href="/wiki/Lacrosse" title="Lacrosse">lacrosse</a>, Fromwest tells the story of how he came to the northeast of the continent he calls Yingzhou. Formerly a <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a> named Busho, he fled to the New World after the Chinese conquered Japan. He was eventually captured by a war party of <a href="/wiki/Sioux" title="Sioux">Sioux</a> and rescued by warriors from the <a href="/wiki/Seneca_people" title="Seneca people">Seneca people</a>. </p><p>In an ecstatic vision, Fromwest appears to remember his past lives. He realizes that Peng (from "Ocean Continents") made his way to the Hodenosaunee and taught them about <a href="/wiki/Variolation" title="Variolation">variolation</a>, blunting the impact of <a href="/wiki/Smallpox" title="Smallpox">smallpox</a> epidemics on their civilization. Fromwest reveals that he has come to organize the Hodenosaunee into a larger defensive alliance capable of resisting Chinese and Muslim colonizers, and offers to teach them how to mass-produce their own firearms. </p><p>After their next deaths, the jati members apply scientific reasoning to the bardo, and manage to resist drinking the tonic of forgetting before being reincarnated. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Six:_Widow_Kang">Book Six: <i>Widow Kang</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Book Six: Widow Kang"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Qianlong_Emperor" title="Qianlong Emperor">Qianlong Emperor</a>, Chinese widow Kang Tongbi takes in a Buddhist monk and his son whom she finds scavenging. The monk, Bao Ssu, is wrongly implicated in a series of <a href="/wiki/Queue_(hairstyle)" title="Queue (hairstyle)">queue</a> cuttings and dies in prison. Later, Kang meets a <a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui</a> Muslim scholar named Ibrahim ibn Hasam, and they perform a ritual that allows them to remember their past lives. </p><p>Kang and Ibrahim marry and move to <a href="/wiki/Lanzhou" title="Lanzhou">Lanzhou</a> in western China, where they work to try to reconcile Islamic and Confucian beliefs. Kang anthologizes proto-feminist poetry and becomes a well-known writer. The <a href="/wiki/Jahriyya" title="Jahriyya">Jahriyya</a> Islamic movement gains adherents in the west but faces intolerance from the Qing administration, leading to a revolt that the Qing crush with massive force. Lanzhou is swamped by a dramatic flood; Bao Ssu's son rescues a pregnant Kang from the rising waters. In a work based on Kang's ideas, Ibrahim publishes his thoughts on the Four Great Inequalities: warriors and priests over farmers, men over women, men over children, and certain races over other races. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Seven:_The_Age_of_Great_Progress">Book Seven: <i>The Age of Great Progress</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Book Seven: The Age of Great Progress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the equivalent of the Christian 19th century, the Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore</a> has overthrown the <a href="/wiki/Mughals" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughals">Mughals</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Safavids" class="mw-redirect" title="Safavids">Safavids</a> and developed <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam engines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ironclad_warship" title="Ironclad warship">ironclad warships</a>, and <a href="/wiki/History_of_military_ballooning" title="History of military ballooning">military balloons</a>. Using these new weapons, they sail to <a href="/wiki/Kostantiniyye" class="mw-redirect" title="Kostantiniyye">Kostantiniyye</a> and easily topple the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. A Muslim Armenian doctor named Ismail ibn Mani al-Dir, who had served the Ottoman Sultan, is captured and sent to Travancore, where he happily joins the hospital of Travancore and works in anatomy and physiology. Ismail eventually meets their ruler, the <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> of Travancore, who aims to drive out the Muslim invaders and unify India -- and eventually the whole world -- into a democratic confederation. </p><p>Later, during the <a href="/wiki/Xianfeng_Emperor" title="Xianfeng Emperor">Xianfeng Emperor</a>'s reign, the Japanese enclave known as <a href="/wiki/Gold_Mountain_(toponym)" title="Gold Mountain (toponym)">Gold Mountain</a> (in the real-world San Francisco Bay Area) has been subjugated by Chinese colonists. A Japanese slave named Kiyoaki is swept out to sea by the <a href="/wiki/Great_Flood_of_1862" title="Great Flood of 1862">Great Flood of 1862</a>. Along with a pregnant Chinese refugee, Peng-ti, Kiyoaki manages to flee to the great coastal city of Fangzhang.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There, Kiyoaki joins a Japanese freedom movement supported by Travancore, with Ismail acting as a liaison. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_(Pre-War_Map).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_%28Pre-War_Map%29.png/360px-The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_%28Pre-War_Map%29.png" decoding="async" width="360" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_%28Pre-War_Map%29.png/540px-The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_%28Pre-War_Map%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_%28Pre-War_Map%29.png/720px-The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_%28Pre-War_Map%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2753" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Map of the world of <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i> in the year 1333 AH (1915 AD), showing the four major blocs and alliances on the eve of the "Long War". <hr /> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00B900; color:black;"> </span> Dar al-Islam (multiple nations in alliance during the war)</div><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFB400; color:black;"> </span> Travancori League</div><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F0F000; color:black;"> </span> China & her Colonies</div><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B30000; color:white;"> </span> Hodenosaunee League</div>   <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><tbody><tr><td></td></tr></tbody></table></div> </figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Eight:_War_of_the_Asuras">Book Eight: <i>War of the Asuras</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Book Eight: War of the Asuras"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Book Eight is set in the 20th century, during the "Long War". The world has become divided into four great alliances: the Chinese Empire and its colonies, the fractured Muslim world (<a href="/wiki/Dar_al-islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Dar al-islam">Dar al-Islam</a>), and the democratic Indian and Hodenosaunee Leagues. At the outbreak of war, the Muslim states put aside their differences to fight the larger threat of China. The Indian and Hodenosaunee Leagues stay neutral at first, but eventually ally with China, seeing the Muslims as their greater enemy. The war drags on for decades and causes major changes in human society, including rapid industrialisation, mass conscription, and mass casualties. New devastating weapons and methods are employed, including <a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">trench warfare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemical_warfare" title="Chemical warfare">chemical warfare</a>, and air strikes. </p><p>Chinese officers Kuo, Bai, and Iwa fight in the trenches of the <a href="/wiki/Hexi_Corridor" title="Hexi Corridor">Gansu Corridor</a>, where the ground has been blasted down to <a href="/wiki/Bedrock" title="Bedrock">bedrock</a> by sixty years of bombardments. Kuo is killed when a shell penetrates their bunker. Bai and Iwa are ordered to move with their company south through <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a> to support their Indian allies. At a pass in the Himalayas, they witness Muslim artillery destroying the top of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Everest" title="Mount Everest">Mount Everest</a> so that the tallest mountain in the world will be in Muslim lands. Bai is plagued by visions of his dead friend Kuo, who tells him that he is already dead, killed by the same shell that killed Kuo. </p><p>After extreme difficulties, Bai and Iwa's forces manage to breach the Muslim defences at the pass. The Chinese army pours through to join forces with the Indians, turning the course of the war in their favor. The Chinese and Indian Buddhists unite to share a ritual beside the destroyed <a href="/wiki/Bodhi_Tree" title="Bodhi Tree">Bodhi Tree</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Nine:_Nsara">Book Nine: <i>Nsara</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Book Nine: Nsara"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A young Muslim woman named Budur and her aunt Idelba live in Europe in the aftermath of the Long War. Budur and Idelba escape Budur's restrictive traditional family in the Alps and move to the more liberal and cosmopolitan city of Nsara. They stay at a <a href="/wiki/Zawiya_(institution)" title="Zawiya (institution)">zawiyya</a>, a refuge for women, where Idelba restarts her work in physics and Budur enrolls in university to study history. She grows close to Kirana, a <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">feminist</a> history lecturer who questions everything about Muslim society and argues for <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">emancipation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_liberation_movement" title="Women's liberation movement">liberation</a>. The two have a brief affair. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_Map.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_Map.PNG/360px-The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_Map.PNG" decoding="async" width="360" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_Map.PNG/540px-The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_Map.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_Map.PNG/720px-The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt_Map.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1359" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>The world of <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i> in 1423 AH (2002 AD), after the "Long War". <hr /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1216972533"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B30000; color:white;"> </span> I. Yingzhou</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#9B009B; color:white;"> </span> II. Inka</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#004F9D; color:white;"> </span> III. Firanja</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B1B463; color:black;"> </span> IV. Maghrib</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#008080; color:white;"> </span> V. Sahel</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF0080; color:black;"> </span> VI. Zanj</div> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#959500; color:black;"> </span> VII. Ingoli</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00F078; color:black;"> </span> VIII. Botswana</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#1AFFFF; color:black;"> </span> IX. Skandistan</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#00F400; color:black;"> </span> X. Iran</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#008000; color:white;"> </span> XI. Arabia</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FF0000; color:black;"> </span> XII. Greater Japan</div> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#F0F000; color:black;"> </span> XIII. China</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFB400; color:black;"> </span> XIV. Indian League</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0000FF; color:white;"> </span> XV. Burmese League</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#B18DFE; color:black;"> </span> XVI. Mindanao</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#000080; color:white;"> </span> XVII. Aozhou</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFF79; color:black;"> </span> XVIII. Maori</div>   </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </figcaption></figure> <p>Life in Nsara becomes increasingly difficult as the Islamic world faces the effects of losing the Long War, including <a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation" title="Hyperinflation">hyperinflation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Famine" title="Famine">food shortages</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strikes</a>. Many governments in Dar al-Islam are overthrown by coups. When the military attempts to overthrow the legitimate government of Nsara, Budur and Kirana incite mass protests. Eventually, the Hodenosaunee League send a fleet from their naval base at <a href="/wiki/Orkney" title="Orkney">Orkney</a> to back the protestors in Nsara, forcing the military to surrender. </p><p>Meanwhile, Idelba's work in atomic physics lead her to the disturbing discovery that it is possible to build a <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">devastating weapon</a> from <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fission" title="Nuclear fission">nuclear chain reactions</a>. The government learns of her work and raids the zawiyya, but Budur manages to hide Idelba's papers. Idelba dies of radiation poisoning and leaves all her research to Budur, who has begun using the principles of radiation to develop <a href="/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating" title="Radiocarbon dating">Radiocarbon dating</a>. </p><p>Budur's work in archaeology gets her invited to an international conference of scientists in <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>, Iran. There, she convenes a group of scientists from all the major world powers, all of whom agree to convince their various governments that nuclear weapons are too impractical to manufacture. The group initates an international scientific movement to break down barriers between cultures. In the halls of the conference, Budur is overcome by an exhibit about a Tibetan village preserved by an avalanche, but cannot explain why. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_Ten:_The_First_Years">Book Ten: <i>The First Years</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Book Ten: The First Years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bao Xinhua is a revolutionary in China, who works under the leadership of his friend Kung Jianguo. Bao and Kung successfully overthrow the oppressive Chinese government, but Kung is assassinated on the cusp of their victory. Disillusioned, Bao leaves China and serves as a diplomat all over the world, eventually marrying and settling down to raise two children in Fangzhang (San Francisco). </p><p>After his wife dies, Bao accepts a diplomatic post in <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, where he reunites with comrade from his revolutionary years named Isao Zhu. Zhu poses many macrohistorical questions, attempting to arrive at a unified theory of history; in a moment of <a href="/wiki/Metafiction" title="Metafiction">Metafiction</a>, Zhu and Bao contemplate using the bardo as a narrative device to illustrate the gradual improvement of human society. Bao later returns to Fangzhang to teach history in a village implied to be located near real-life <a href="/wiki/Davis,_California" title="Davis, California">Davis, California</a>. At the end of the novel, he meets a new student named Kali, implied to be Kung reborn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Style,_themes_and_genre"><span id="Style.2C_themes_and_genre"></span>Style, themes and genre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Style, themes and genre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The novel is divided into ten chapters that each act as a short story, linked by the use of a group of people who appear in each story. After spending time in <a href="/wiki/Bardo" title="Bardo">bardo</a>, the group (or <a href="/wiki/J%C4%81ti_(Buddhism)" title="Jāti (Buddhism)">jāti</a>) are reincarnated into different times and places.<sup id="cite_ref-SDUT_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDUT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SunSentinel_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SunSentinel-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While characters in each story are unique, they share some characteristics with their previous incarnations and are linked, for convenience, by the first letter of their name. The characters whose names begin with the letter <i>K</i> are "combative, imprudent and prone to getting himself (or herself) killed"<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "striking blows against injustice that typically lead to more suffering".<sup id="cite_ref-NYTBR_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTBR-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>B</i> characters are "more comfortable in the world, meliorist and optimistic"<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "survivors, nurturing friends and family through bad times and patiently waiting for something better".<sup id="cite_ref-NYTBR_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTBR-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>I</i> characters are "the ones who care, who follow the other two, and may be necessary if their works are to flourish, but who tend to the domestic and always find the world worth loving."<sup id="cite_ref-EdmJ_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdmJ-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The style of writing also changes every chapter to reflect the style of writing associated with the culture being depicted. For example, the first chapter is written similarly to <i><a href="/wiki/Journey_to_the_West" title="Journey to the West">Monkey's Journey to the West</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a later chapter incorporates <a href="/wiki/Postmodernism" title="Postmodernism">postmodernism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NPR_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPR-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, later chapters take on <a href="/wiki/Metafiction" title="Metafiction">metafictional</a> elements, with characters discussing the <a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_history" title="Philosophy of history">nature of history</a>, whether it is <a href="/wiki/Cyclic_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclic history">cyclical</a> or linear, whether they believe in <a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">reincarnation</a>, and feelings that some people are intrinsically linked.<sup id="cite_ref-SDUT_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDUT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robinson incorporated utopian themes in his previous works but reviewers were divided on whether <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i> qualified as a utopian story.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those that did call the world described in the story as utopian cited the story's illustration of <a href="/wiki/Progress_(history)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progress (history)">progress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, those that wrote <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i> was not a utopian story say that the world history presented is not necessarily better or worse than the real history, just different.<sup id="cite_ref-DenPo_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenPo-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Robinson calls himself a "utopian novelist" in that he claims "all science fiction has a utopian element, in that it tends to say that what we do now matters and will have consequences".<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several other themes were identified by reviewers. Robinson had previously used the theme of memory (or identity) and incorporates it into this story with characters who are reincarnated versions of previous characters and who only recognize each other while in the bardo, but sometimes feel a connection between themselves while on earth.<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reviewer in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i> identified feminism and "struggles over the nature of Islam" as recurring themes.<sup id="cite_ref-G&M_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G&M-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternate_history">Alternate history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Alternate history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:27em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>...the complaints about alternative histories being "too much like" our history are always balanced, sometimes in the same commentator, by complaints that it is "too different to be possible," and I have concluded that really one can't win: alternatives to our world history are in some deep sense unthinkable. The alternative history then becomes an exercise in pushing at that limit and always asking "why" to one's responses concerning "plausibility" or the like. </p> </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Kim Stanley Robinson<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div> </div> <p><i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i> belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">alternate history</a> subgenre of <a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">speculative fiction</a>. The novel starts at the <a href="/wiki/Point_of_divergence" class="mw-redirect" title="Point of divergence">point of divergence</a> with <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">Timur</a> turning his army away from Europe where the <a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a> killed 99 percent of Europe's population, instead of a third. Robinson explores world history from that point in <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">AD</a> 1405 (807 <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">AH</a>) to about <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" title="Anno Domini">AD</a> 2045 (1467 <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">AH</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-NPR_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPR-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robinson's take on alternate history is that because it "is set in the same lawful universe as ours, its science must be the same [and] because its people have the same basic human needs, their societies resemble ours."<sup id="cite_ref-NYTBR_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTBR-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, despite the difference in who specifically is there, "the great majority of humanity [is] doing their work, and that work would tend to forge along at a certain pace as people tried to solve the problems of making themselves more comfortable in this world."<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While most alternate histories use the <a href="/wiki/Great_Man_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Man theory">Great Man theory</a> of history, focusing on leaders, wars, and big events, Robinson writes more about <a href="/wiki/Social_history" title="Social history">social history</a>, similar to the <a href="/wiki/Annales_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Annales School">Annales School</a> of historical theory and <a href="/wiki/Marxist_historiography" title="Marxist historiography">Marxist historiography</a>, focusing on the lives of ordinary people living in their time and place.<sup id="cite_ref-SFS_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is reflected in the title of the novel, <i>The Years of Rice and Salt</i>, which refers to the everyday chores of raising a family, often performed by women, despite the politics and wars of men.<sup id="cite_ref-EdmJ_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EdmJ-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reviewers noted this allows for the "history [to be] experienced by readers on a human scale"<sup id="cite_ref-SLJ_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SLJ-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "an implicit but thorough rebuke to the kind of war-gaming determinism that most alternate histories embody."<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The novel has characters that explore subjects like philosophy, theology, history, and scientific theory.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication_and_reception">Publication and reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Publication and reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>Robinson takes advantage of the romance inherent in the idea of reincarnation; it's a lovely, seductive concept, and it adds much mystical texture to the narrative. But that does not mean the author is any less tough-minded here than in his other books. Indeed, <i>The Years of Salt and Rice</i>, for all of its fantastic elements, is essentially a character-driven — which is to say, literary — series of novelettes. </p> </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Chauncy Mabe, Books Editor, <i><a href="/wiki/Sun-Sentinel" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun-Sentinel">South Florida Sun-Sentinel</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-SunSentinel_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SunSentinel-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div> </div> <p>Released in March 2002, the book was published in North America by <a href="/wiki/Bantam_Books" title="Bantam Books">Bantam Books</a> and in the United Kingdom by <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. The paperback was released in 2003 along with a Spanish translation. In the subsequent years, other translated versions were published, in French, Polish, Chinese, and Hungarian. </p><p>The novel was well received by critics who variously called it "thoughtful",<sup id="cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CameraFeb24-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SDUT_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SDUT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Scotsman_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scotsman-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Independent_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "realistic",<sup id="cite_ref-PW_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CameraFeb24-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "rich".<sup id="cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CameraFeb24-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DenPo_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DenPo-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/Publishers_Weekly" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a></i>, the reviewers called it a "highly realistic and credible alternate history",<sup id="cite_ref-PW_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in the <i><a href="/wiki/School_Library_Journal" title="School Library Journal">School Library Journal</a></i>, Christine Menefee called it "an addictive, surprising, and suspenseful novel".<sup id="cite_ref-SLJ_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SLJ-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Library_Journal" title="Library Journal">Library Journal</a></i> "highly recommended" it, saying that its "superb storytelling and imaginative historic speculation make [it] a priority choice for all SF and general fiction collections".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The critic at <i><a href="/wiki/Kirkus_Reviews" title="Kirkus Reviews">Kirkus Reviews</a></i> found it "overlong, but blessed with moments of wry and gentle beauty".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, <a href="/wiki/Roz_Kaveney" title="Roz Kaveney">Roz Kaveney</a> stated that "if there is a weakness in Robinson's work, it is perhaps this; his characters are so intelligent that they never shut up".<sup id="cite_ref-Independent_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>, Sol Chrom lauded the epic scope, calling it a "magnificent achievement",<sup id="cite_ref-G&M_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G&M-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and for <i><a href="/wiki/The_News_Letter" class="mw-redirect" title="The News Letter">The Belfast News Letter</a></i>, the reviewer called the novel "extraordinary, ambitious, poetic and powerful".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Science fiction critic <a href="/wiki/Paul_Kincaid" title="Paul Kincaid">Paul Kincaid</a> concluded that it is "a huge, complex and highly enjoyable book".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards">Awards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It won the 2003 <a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel</a> and was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Novel" title="Hugo Award for Best Novel">Hugo Award</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke_Award" title="Arthur C. Clarke Award">Arthur C. Clarke Award</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award_for_Best_Novel" title="BSFA Award for Best Novel">British Science Fiction Award</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other alternate-history novels where the Black Death was much deadlier in Europe, which was subsequently colonized in whole or part by Muslims: </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gate_of_Worlds" title="The Gate of Worlds">The Gate of Worlds</a></i>, by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Silverberg" title="Robert Silverberg">Robert Silverberg</a>, published in 1966,</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Crystal_Empire_(novel)" title="The Crystal Empire (novel)">The Crystal Empire</a></i>, by <a href="/wiki/L._Neil_Smith" title="L. Neil Smith">L. Neil Smith</a>, published in 1986, and</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_High_Places_(Turtledove_novel)" title="In High Places (Turtledove novel)">In High Places</a></i>, by <a href="/wiki/Harry_Turtledove" title="Harry Turtledove">Harry Turtledove</a>, published in 2005.</li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lion%27s_Blood" title="Lion's Blood">Lion's Blood</a></i>, by <a href="/wiki/Steven_Barnes" title="Steven Barnes">Steven Barnes</a> published in 2003, also takes place in a world dominated by Islam.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Lucky Strike" was first published in <i><a href="/wiki/Universe_(anthology_series)" title="Universe (anthology series)">Universe</a> #14</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-19134-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-19134-0">0-385-19134-0</a>) and was nominated for a <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award_for_Best_Novelette" title="Hugo Award for Best Novelette">Hugo</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Nebula_Award_for_Best_Novelette" title="Nebula Award for Best Novelette">Nebula Award</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"A Sensitive Dependence on Initial Conditions" was first published in <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Author%27s_Choice_Monthly" title="List of Author's Choice Monthly">Author's Choice</a> #20</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23764754">23764754</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Both "The Lucky Strike" and "A Sensitive Dependence on Initial Conditions" were published together in the 2009 booklet <i>The Lucky Strike</i> by <a href="/wiki/PM_Press" title="PM Press">PM Press</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781604860856" title="Special:BookSources/9781604860856">9781604860856</a>) as part of their Outspoken Authors series.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBisson2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Bisson" title="Terry Bisson">Bisson, Terry</a> (2009). "A Real Joy to be Had: Outspoken Interview with Kim Stanley Robinson". <i>The Lucky Strike</i>. 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"The Years of Rice and Salt". <i><a href="/wiki/Publishers_Weekly" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a></i>. <b>249</b> (1): 51.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publishers+Weekly&rft.atitle=The+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt&rft.volume=249&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=51&rft.date=2002-01-07&rft.aulast=Zaleski&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.au=Peter+Canon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CameraFeb24-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CameraFeb24_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2002" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Clay (February 24, 2002). "New worlds - Two giant new 'alternative histories' vividly explore Islam ascendant". <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Camera" title="Daily Camera">Daily Camera</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>. p. DD6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Camera&rft.atitle=New+worlds+-+Two+giant+new+%27alternative+histories%27+vividly+explore+Islam+ascendant&rft.pages=DD6&rft.date=2002-02-24&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Clay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2004" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Clay (June 13, 2004). 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San Diego, California. p. BOOKS-7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+San+Diego+Union-Tribune&rft.atitle=Grand+opportunity+to+go+reelin%27+in+the+%27Years%27&rft.pages=BOOKS-7&rft.date=2002-03-10&rft.aulast=Hopper&rft.aufirst=Jim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SunSentinel-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SunSentinel_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SunSentinel_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMabe2002" class="citation news cs1">Mabe, Chauncy (March 31, 2002). "Trio's Lives Intertwine — Again and Again". <i><a href="/wiki/South_Florida_Sun-Sentinel" class="mw-redirect" title="South Florida Sun-Sentinel">South Florida Sun-Sentinel</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale, Florida</a>. p. 10D.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Florida+Sun-Sentinel&rft.atitle=Trio%27s+Lives+Intertwine+%E2%80%94+Again+and+Again&rft.pages=10D&rft.date=2002-03-31&rft.aulast=Mabe&rft.aufirst=Chauncy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WaPo-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeeley2002" class="citation news cs1">Feeley, Gregory (April 7, 2002). 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"Profile: Kim Stanley Robinson's Book "The Years Of Rice And Salt"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i><a href="/wiki/Weekend_Edition" title="Weekend Edition">Weekend Edition Sunday</a></i> (Interview). Interviewed by <a href="/wiki/Neda_Ulaby" title="Neda Ulaby">Neda Ulaby</a>. National Public Radio.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Weekend+Edition+Sunday&rft.atitle=Profile%3A+Kim+Stanley+Robinson%27s+Book+%22The+Years+Of+Rice+And+Salt%22&rft.date=2002-04-14&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Kim+Stanley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowers2002" class="citation journal cs1">Powers, John (June 2002). "The West Coast of Utopia: Kim Stanley Robinson and the science fiction of hope". <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Prospect" title="The American Prospect">The American Prospect</a></i>: 45.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+Prospect&rft.atitle=The+West+Coast+of+Utopia%3A+Kim+Stanley+Robinson+and+the+science+fiction+of+hope&rft.pages=45&rft.date=2002-06&rft.aulast=Powers&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPierleoni2004" class="citation news cs1">Pierleoni, Allen (July 14, 2004). "Warming Up —- Kim Stanley Robinson's latest is the first in a sci-fi trilogy about a catastrophic ice age". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sacramento_Bee" title="The Sacramento Bee">The Sacramento Bee</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Sacramento,_California" title="Sacramento, California">Sacramento, California</a>. p. E1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sacramento+Bee&rft.atitle=Warming+Up+%E2%80%94-+Kim+Stanley+Robinson%27s+latest+is+the+first+in+a+sci-fi+trilogy+about+a+catastrophic+ice+age&rft.pages=E1&rft.date=2004-07-14&rft.aulast=Pierleoni&rft.aufirst=Allen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DenPo-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DenPo_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DenPo_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCleaver2002" class="citation news cs1">Cleaver, Fred (March 24, 2002). "Intrigue envelops Russian poet, student Marvelous language fills "The Translator'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Denver_Post" title="The Denver Post">The Denver Post</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Denver,_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="Denver, Colorado">Denver, Colorado</a>. p. EE-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Denver+Post&rft.atitle=Intrigue+envelops+Russian+poet%2C+student+Marvelous+language+fills+%22The+Translator%27.&rft.pages=EE-02&rft.date=2002-03-24&rft.aulast=Cleaver&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-G&M-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-G&M_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-G&M_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChrom2002" class="citation news cs1">Chrom, Sol (June 15, 2002). "World without West". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto, Ontario</a>. p. D30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=World+without+West&rft.pages=D30&rft.date=2002-06-15&rft.aulast=Chrom&rft.aufirst=Sol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SLJ-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SLJ_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SLJ_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenefee2002" class="citation journal cs1">Menefee, Christine (August 2002). "The Years of Rice and Salt". <i><a href="/wiki/School_Library_Journal" title="School Library Journal">School Library Journal</a></i>. <b>48</b> (8): 222.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=School+Library+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=222&rft.date=2002-08&rft.aulast=Menefee&rft.aufirst=Christine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2002" class="citation journal cs1">Fisher, George (October 2002). "The Years of Rice and Salt". <i><a href="/wiki/New_Internationalist" title="New Internationalist">New Internationalist</a></i> (350): 31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Internationalist&rft.atitle=The+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt&rft.issue=350&rft.pages=31&rft.date=2002-10&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw2002" class="citation news cs1">Shaw, Elizabeth (July 14, 2002). "Salt' insight into alternate history". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Flint_Journal" title="The Flint Journal">The Flint Journal</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Flint,_Michigan" title="Flint, Michigan">Flint, Michigan</a>. p. F03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Flint+Journal&rft.atitle=Salt%27+insight+into+alternate+history&rft.pages=F03&rft.date=2002-07-14&rft.aulast=Shaw&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Independent-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Independent_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaveney2002" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roz_Kaveney" title="Roz Kaveney">Kaveney, Roz</a> (March 5, 2002). "Tuesday Book: After the Black Death, 700 Years of New Life". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. London, England. p. 5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Tuesday+Book%3A+After+the+Black+Death%2C+700+Years+of+New+Life&rft.pages=5&rft.date=2002-03-05&rft.aulast=Kaveney&rft.aufirst=Roz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCassada2002" class="citation journal cs1">Cassada, Jackie (February 15, 2002). "The Years of Rice and Salt". <i><a href="/wiki/Library_Journal" title="Library Journal">Library Journal</a></i>. <b>127</b> (3): 180.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=180&rft.date=2002-02-15&rft.aulast=Cassada&rft.aufirst=Jackie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"The Years of Rice and Salt". <i><a href="/wiki/Kirkus_Reviews" title="Kirkus Reviews">Kirkus Reviews</a></i>. <b>70</b> (1): 23. January 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kirkus+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=23&rft.date=2002-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbernethy2002" class="citation news cs1">Abernethy, Daphne (March 11, 2002). "Book review: History as it might have been". <i><a href="/wiki/The_News_Letter" class="mw-redirect" title="The News Letter">The News Letter</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast, Northern Ireland</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+Letter&rft.atitle=Book+review%3A+History+as+it+might+have+been&rft.date=2002-03-11&rft.aulast=Abernethy&rft.aufirst=Daphne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKincaid2002" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Kincaid" title="Paul Kincaid">Kincaid, Paul</a> (March 25, 2002). "Big Death". <i><a href="/wiki/New_Scientist" title="New Scientist">New Scientist</a></i>. <b>173</b> (2335): 50.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=Big+Death&rft.volume=173&rft.issue=2335&rft.pages=50&rft.date=2002-03-25&rft.aulast=Kincaid&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarden2002" class="citation news cs1">Marden, William (June 23, 2002). "Welcome to Strange, Alternate Worlds". <i><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Sentinel" title="Orlando Sentinel">Orlando Sentinel</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando, Florida</a>. p. F9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orlando+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Strange%2C+Alternate+Worlds&rft.pages=F9&rft.date=2002-06-23&rft.aulast=Marden&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2002" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Clay (December 8, 2002). "Boulder County writers (plus a few others) will please bibliophiles on your gift list". <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Camera" title="Daily Camera">Daily Camera</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>. p. DD6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Camera&rft.atitle=Boulder+County+writers+%28plus+a+few+others%29+will+please+bibliophiles+on+your+gift+list&rft.pages=DD6&rft.date=2002-12-08&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Clay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Science fiction paper". <i><a href="/wiki/Sioux_City_Journal" title="Sioux City Journal">Sioux City Journal</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Sioux_City,_Iowa" title="Sioux City, Iowa">Sioux City, Iowa</a>. July 6, 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sioux+City+Journal&rft.atitle=Science+fiction+paper&rft.date=2003-07-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalm2004" class="citation news cs1">Salm, Arthur (July 4, 2004). "Robinson explores what-if of the future". <i><a href="/wiki/U-T_San_Diego" class="mw-redirect" title="U-T San Diego">The San Diego Union-Tribune</a></i>. San Diego, California. p. F-3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+San+Diego+Union-Tribune&rft.atitle=Robinson+explores+what-if+of+the+future&rft.pages=F-3&rft.date=2004-07-04&rft.aulast=Salm&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbott2003" class="citation journal cs1">Abbott, Carl (Spring 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1050&context=usp_fac">"Falling into History: The Imagined Wests of Kim Stanley Robinson in the "Three Californias" and Mars Trilogies"</a>. <i>The Western Historical Quarterly</i>. <b>34</b> (1): 27–47. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F25047207">10.2307/25047207</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25047207">25047207</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Western+Historical+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Falling+into+History%3A+The+Imagined+Wests+of+Kim+Stanley+Robinson+in+the+%22Three+Californias%22+and+Mars+Trilogies&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=27-47&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F25047207&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25047207%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpdxscholar.library.pdx.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1050%26context%3Dusp_fac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Years+of+Rice+and+Salt" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Years_of_Rice_and_Salt&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kimstanleyrobinson.info/node/345">The Years of Rice and Salt</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kimstanleyrobinson.info/">KimStanleyRobinson.info</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tor.com/2009/05/14/goodbye-europe-kim-stanley-robinsons-the-years-of-rice-and-salt/">Retrospective review</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jo_Walton" title="Jo Walton">Jo Walton</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Template:Kim Stanley Robinson"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Template talk:Kim Stanley Robinson"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kim Stanley Robinson"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kim_Stanley_Robinson" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson_bibliography" title="Kim Stanley Robinson bibliography">Bibliography</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standalone novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Icehenge" title="Icehenge">Icehenge</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Memory_of_Whiteness" title="The Memory of Whiteness">The Memory of Whiteness</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Short,_Sharp_Shock" title="A Short, Sharp Shock">A Short, Sharp Shock</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antarctica_(novel)" title="Antarctica (novel)">Antarctica</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Years of Rice and Salt</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galileo%27s_Dream" title="Galileo's Dream">Galileo's Dream</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2312_(novel)" title="2312 (novel)">2312</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shaman_(novel)" title="Shaman (novel)">Shaman</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aurora_(novel)" title="Aurora (novel)">Aurora</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_York_2140" title="New York 2140">New York 2140</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Moon_(novel)" title="Red Moon (novel)">Red Moon</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ministry_for_the_Future" title="The Ministry for the Future">The Ministry for the Future</a></i> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Californias_Trilogy" title="Three Californias Trilogy">Three Californias</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Californias_Trilogy" title="Three Californias Trilogy">The Wild Shore</a></i> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Californias_Trilogy" title="Three Californias Trilogy">The Gold Coast</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Californias_Trilogy" title="Three Californias Trilogy">Pacific Edge</a></i> (1990)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy" title="Mars trilogy">Mars</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy" title="Mars trilogy">Red Mars</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy" title="Mars trilogy">Green Mars</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy" title="Mars trilogy">Blue Mars</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy#The_Martians_–_Short_stories" title="Mars trilogy">The Martians</a></i> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Science in the Capital/Green Earth</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Forty_Signs_of_Rain" title="Forty Signs of Rain">Forty Signs of Rain</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Degrees_Below" title="Fifty Degrees Below">Fifty Degrees Below</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sixty_Days_and_Counting" title="Sixty Days and Counting">Sixty Days and Counting</a></i> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Planet_on_the_Table" title="The Planet on the Table">The Planet on the Table</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Escape_from_Kathmandu" title="Escape from Kathmandu">Escape from Kathmandu</a></i> (1989)</li> <li><i>Remaking History</i> (1991)</li> <li><i>Vinland the Dream</i> (2001)</li> <li><i>The Best of Kim Stanley Robinson</i> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Locus_Award_Best_SF_Novel" title="Template:Locus Award Best SF Novel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Locus_Award_Best_SF_Novel" title="Template talk:Locus Award Best SF Novel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Locus_Award_Best_SF_Novel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Locus Award Best SF Novel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Best Science Fiction Novel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Titan_(Varley_novel)" title="Titan (Varley novel)">Titan</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Varley_(author)" title="John Varley (author)">John Varley</a> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Snow_Queen_(Vinge_novel)" title="The Snow Queen (Vinge novel)">The Snow Queen</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Joan_D._Vinge" title="Joan D. Vinge">Joan D. Vinge</a> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Many-Colored_Land" title="The Many-Colored Land">The Many-Colored Land</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Julian_May" title="Julian May">Julian May</a> (1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Foundation%27s_Edge" title="Foundation's Edge">Foundation's Edge</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Asimov" title="Isaac Asimov">Isaac Asimov</a> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Startide_Rising" title="Startide Rising">Startide Rising</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/David_Brin" title="David Brin">David Brin</a> (1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Integral_Trees" title="The Integral Trees">The Integral Trees</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Larry_Niven" title="Larry Niven">Larry Niven</a> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Postman" title="The Postman">The Postman</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/David_Brin" title="David Brin">David Brin</a> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Speaker_for_the_Dead" title="Speaker for the Dead">Speaker for the Dead</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Orson_Scott_Card" title="Orson Scott Card">Orson Scott Card</a> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Uplift_War" title="The Uplift War">The Uplift War </a></i> by <a href="/wiki/David_Brin" title="David Brin">David Brin</a> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyteen" title="Cyteen">Cyteen</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/C._J._Cherryh" title="C. J. Cherryh">C. J. Cherryh</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_(Simmons_novel)" title="Hyperion (Simmons novel)">Hyperion</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Dan_Simmons" title="Dan Simmons">Dan Simmons</a> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fall_of_Hyperion_(novel)" title="The Fall of Hyperion (novel)">The Fall of Hyperion</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Dan_Simmons" title="Dan Simmons">Dan Simmons</a> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barrayar" title="Barrayar">Barrayar</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Lois_McMaster_Bujold" title="Lois McMaster Bujold">Lois McMaster Bujold</a> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doomsday_Book_(novel)" title="Doomsday Book (novel)">Doomsday Book</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Connie_Willis" title="Connie Willis">Connie Willis</a> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy" title="Mars trilogy">Green Mars</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a> (1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mirror_Dance" title="Mirror Dance">Mirror Dance</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Lois_McMaster_Bujold" title="Lois McMaster Bujold">Lois McMaster Bujold</a> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diamond_Age" title="The Diamond Age">The Diamond Age</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Neal_Stephenson" title="Neal Stephenson">Neal Stephenson</a> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_trilogy" title="Mars trilogy">Blue Mars</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rise_of_Endymion" title="The Rise of Endymion">The Rise of Endymion</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Dan_Simmons" title="Dan Simmons">Dan Simmons</a> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/To_Say_Nothing_of_the_Dog" title="To Say Nothing of the Dog">To Say Nothing of the Dog</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Connie_Willis" title="Connie Willis">Connie Willis</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryptonomicon" title="Cryptonomicon">Cryptonomicon</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Neal_Stephenson" title="Neal Stephenson">Neal Stephenson</a> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Telling" title="The Telling">The Telling</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Ursula_K._Le_Guin" title="Ursula K. Le Guin">Ursula K. Le Guin</a> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Passage_(Willis_novel)" title="Passage (Willis novel)">Passage</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Connie_Willis" title="Connie Willis">Connie Willis</a> (2002)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Years of Rice and Salt</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a> (2003)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ilium_(novel)" title="Ilium (novel)">Ilium</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Dan_Simmons" title="Dan Simmons">Dan Simmons</a> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Baroque_Cycle" title="The Baroque Cycle">The Baroque Cycle</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Neal_Stephenson" title="Neal Stephenson">Neal Stephenson</a> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Accelerando" title="Accelerando">Accelerando</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stross" title="Charles Stross">Charles Stross</a> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rainbows_End_(Vinge_novel)" title="Rainbows End (Vinge novel)">Rainbows End</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Vernor_Vinge" title="Vernor Vinge">Vernor Vinge</a> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Yiddish_Policemen%27s_Union" title="The Yiddish Policemen's Union">The Yiddish Policemen's Union</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Chabon" title="Michael Chabon">Michael Chabon</a> (2008)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anathem" title="Anathem">Anathem</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Neal_Stephenson" title="Neal Stephenson">Neal Stephenson</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Boneshaker_(novel)" title="Boneshaker (novel)">Boneshaker</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Cherie_Priest" title="Cherie Priest">Cherie Priest</a> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blackout/All_Clear" title="Blackout/All Clear">Blackout/All Clear</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Connie_Willis" title="Connie Willis">Connie Willis</a> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Embassytown" title="Embassytown">Embassytown</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/China_Mi%C3%A9ville" title="China Miéville">China Miéville</a> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Redshirts_(novel)" title="Redshirts (novel)">Redshirts</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Scalzi" title="John Scalzi">John Scalzi</a> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abaddon%27s_Gate" title="Abaddon's Gate">Abaddon's Gate</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/James_S._A._Corey" title="James S. A. Corey">James S. A. Corey</a> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancillary_Sword" title="Ancillary Sword">Ancillary Sword</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Ann_Leckie" title="Ann Leckie">Ann Leckie</a> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancillary_Mercy" title="Ancillary Mercy">Ancillary Mercy</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Ann_Leckie" title="Ann Leckie">Ann Leckie</a> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death%27s_End" title="Death's End">Death's End</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Liu_Cixin" title="Liu Cixin">Liu Cixin</a> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Collapsing_Empire" title="The Collapsing Empire">The Collapsing Empire</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Scalzi" title="John Scalzi">John Scalzi</a> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Calculating_Stars" title="The Calculating Stars">The Calculating Stars</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinette_Kowal" title="Mary Robinette Kowal">Mary Robinette Kowal</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_City_in_the_Middle_of_the_Night" title="The City in the Middle of the Night">The City in the Middle of the Night</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Jane_Anders" title="Charlie Jane Anders">Charlie Jane Anders </a> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Network_Effect_(novel)" title="Network Effect (novel)">Network Effect</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Martha_Wells" title="Martha Wells">Martha Wells</a> (2021)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Desolation_Called_Peace" title="A Desolation Called Peace">A Desolation Called Peace</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Arkady_Martine" title="Arkady Martine">Arkady Martine</a> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Kaiju_Preservation_Society" title="The Kaiju Preservation Society">The Kaiju Preservation Society</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/John_Scalzi" title="John Scalzi">John Scalzi</a> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Murderbot_Diaries" title="The Murderbot Diaries">System Collapse</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Martha_Wells" title="Martha Wells">Martha Wells</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Novel">Best Novel</a> (1971–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Best SF Novel</a> (1980–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Fantasy_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Fantasy Novel">Best Fantasy Novel</a> (1978–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_First_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best First Novel">Best First Novel</a> (1981–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award_for_Best_Horror_Novel" title="Locus Award for Best Horror Novel">Best Horror Novel</a> (1989–1997, 1999, 2017–present)</li> <li><a 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