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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Alpha Data</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alpha_Data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TVtracker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TVtracker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>TVtracker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TVtracker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen_SoundScan" title="Nielsen SoundScan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nielsen SoundScan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate" title="Luminate – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Luminate" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="ام‌آرسی دیتا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ام‌آرسی دیتا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen_Soundscan" title="Nielsen Soundscan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nielsen Soundscan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EB%AF%B8%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="루미네이트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루미네이트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRC_Data" title="MRC Data – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="MRC Data" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate" title="Luminate – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Luminate" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate_Data" title="Luminate Data – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Luminate Data" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98_(%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94)" title="לומינייט (חברה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לומינייט (חברה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate_Data" title="Luminate Data – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Luminate Data" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen_SoundScan" title="Nielsen SoundScan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nielsen SoundScan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate" title="Luminate – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Luminate" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate_Data" title="Luminate Data – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Luminate Data" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate" title="Luminate – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Luminate" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen_Soundscan" title="Nielsen Soundscan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nielsen Soundscan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99" title="นีลเซน ซาวด์สแกน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นีลเซน ซาวด์สแกน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nielsen_SoundScan" title="Nielsen SoundScan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nielsen SoundScan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRC_Data" title="MRC Data – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="MRC Data" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminate" title="Luminate – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Luminate" 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Tracking system for music and music video sales</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Omidyar#Luminate_Group" title="Pierre Omidyar">Pierre Omidyar § Luminate Group</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Luminate Data, LLC</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Luminate_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Luminate_logo.svg/220px-Luminate_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Luminate_logo.svg/330px-Luminate_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Luminate_logo.svg/440px-Luminate_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">Music and Entertainment data</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1991<span class="noprint">; 33 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1991</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <ul><li>Mike Fine</li> <li>Mike Shalett</li></ul></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">Los Angeles, California</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent">Rob Jonas (Chief Executive Officer)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Industries" title="Eldridge Industries">Eldridge Industries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://luminatedata.com">luminatedata<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Luminate Data, LLC</b> (formerly <b>MRC Data and P-MRC Data</b>) is a provider of music and entertainment <a href="/wiki/Data" title="Data">data</a>. Established as a joint-venture in 2020, it brought together Nielsen Music, <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Data" title="Alpha Data">Alpha Data</a> (formerly BuzzAngle Music) and Variety Business Intelligence (formerly TVtracker). </p><p>In December 2019, <a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Industries" title="Eldridge Industries">Eldridge Industries</a>' <a href="/wiki/MRC_(company)" title="MRC (company)">Valence Media</a>, then parent company of <i>Billboard</i>, acquired Nielsen's music data business, reuniting it with <i>Billboard</i> for the first time since its spin-off to <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Global_Media" title="Prometheus Global Media">E5 Global Media</a> from Nielsen Business Media.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was renamed MRC Data in 2020 after <a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Industries" title="Eldridge Industries">Eldridge Industries</a> merged Valence with the film and television studio <a href="/wiki/MRC_(company)" title="MRC (company)">MRC</a>. and was then brought under its PMRC joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a> as <b>P-MRC Data</b>. It was renamed once more to <b>Luminate Data</b> in March 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2022, the MRC merger was unwound, with Eldridge Industries taking sole ownership of its stake in PMRC.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nielsen_Music">Nielsen Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luminate_(company)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nielsen Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nielsen Music, originally established by Mike Fine and Mike Shalett in 1991, collects music consumption and sales weekly and makes this available every Sunday (for album sales) and every Monday (for song sales) to subscribers, which include record companies, publishing firms, music retailers, independent promoters, film and TV companies, and artist managers. It is the source of sales information for the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_charts" title="Billboard charts"><i>Billboard</i> music charts</a>. The company operates the analytics platform Music Connect, Music 360<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_Data_Systems" title="Broadcast Data Systems">Broadcast Data Systems</a> (which tracks airplay of music), the latter of which was shut down in September 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales data for <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Media_Research" title="Nielsen Media Research">Nielsen</a> on March 1, 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-Get_Your_Mind_Right:_Underground_Vs._Mainstream_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Get_Your_Mind_Right:_Underground_Vs._Mainstream-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The May 25 issue of <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i> published <a href="/wiki/Billboard_200" title="Billboard 200"><i>Billboard</i> 200</a> and Country Album charts based on SoundScan "piece count data",<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Hot 100</a> chart to debut with the system was released on November 30, 1991. Previously, <i>Billboard</i> tracked sales by calling stores across the U.S. and asking about sales—a method that was inherently error-prone and open to outright fraud. Indeed, while transitioning from the calling to tracking methods, the airplay and sales charts (already monitored by Nielsen) and the Hot 100 (then still using the calling system) often did not match (for instance <a href="/wiki/Paula_Abdul" title="Paula Abdul">Paula Abdul</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Promise_of_a_New_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Promise of a New Day">Promise of a New Day</a>" and <a href="/wiki/Roxette" title="Roxette">Roxette</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Fading_Like_a_Flower" class="mw-redirect" title="Fading Like a Flower">Fading Like a Flower</a>" reached much higher Hot 100 peaks than their actual sales and airplay would have allowed them to).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although most record company executives conceded that the new method was far more accurate than the old, the chart's volatility and its geographical balance initially caused deep concern, before the change and the market shifts it brought about were accepted across the industry. <a href="/wiki/Tower_Records" title="Tower Records">Tower Records</a>, the country's second-largest retail chain, was originally not included in the sample because its stores were equipped with different technology to measure sales.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At first, some industry executives complained that the new system—which relied on high-tech sales measurement rather than store employee estimates—was based on an inadequate sample, one that favored established and mainstream acts over newcomers.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a> also tracks sales (or more specifically, shipments minus potential returns) on a long-term basis through the <a href="/wiki/RIAA_certification" title="RIAA certification">RIAA certification</a> system; it has never used either Nielsen SoundScan or the store-calling method. </p><p>The first <i>Billboard</i> Hot 100 number-one song via Nielsen SoundScan was "<a href="/wiki/Set_Adrift_on_Memory_Bliss" title="Set Adrift on Memory Bliss">Set Adrift on Memory Bliss</a>" by <a href="/wiki/P.M._Dawn" title="P.M. Dawn">P.M. Dawn</a>. </p><p>Other changes would also largely impact the Hot 100 in the future, consisting of radio-only songs being able to chart in 1998, and YouTube views playing part of how a Hot 100 is decided in 2013. </p><p>Sales data from <a href="/wiki/Cash_register" title="Cash register">cash registers</a> is collected from 14,000 retail, mass merchant, and non-traditional (on-line stores, venues, digital music services, etc.) outlets in the United States, Canada, UK and Japan. </p><p>The requirements for reporting sales to Nielsen Music are that the store has Internet access and a <a href="/wiki/Point_of_sale" title="Point of sale">point of sale</a> (POS) inventory system. Submission of sales data must be in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Text_file" title="Text file">text file</a> consisting of all the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Product_Code" title="Universal Product Code">UPCs</a> sold and the quantities per UPC on a weekly basis. Sales collected from Monday–Sunday or Sunday–Saturday are reported every Monday and made available to subscribers every Wednesday.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Anyone selling a music product with its own UPC or <a href="/wiki/ISRC" class="mw-redirect" title="ISRC">ISRC</a> may register that product to be tracked by Luminate. </p><p>Not all retailers participate in the SoundScan program, so total CD sales are projected from the collected data using a statistical calculation called "<a href="/wiki/Weighting" title="Weighting">weighting</a>". This assigns a multiplier to each category of stores, to compensate for the number of similar stores not covered by the sampling program. Sales in each category are multiplied accordingly.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yahoo_2006-12-11_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yahoo_2006-12-11-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Such a system is vulnerable to exploitation if it is known which stores are included in the sampling program. To inflate their reported chart sales, some indie labels were reported to purposefully target stores in the program for on-site sales promotions.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, other labels were found shipping boxes of their CDs to be scanned by complicit retailers in the program.<sup id="cite_ref-yahoo_2006-12-11_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yahoo_2006-12-11-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The incorporation of SoundScan tracking by the <i>Billboard</i> charting system was cited by the industry as a possible cause of the early '90s popularization of <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative music</a> in the United States. An explanation floated was that the previous call system under-represented marginal genres. Under SoundScan, more accurate data on alternative music sales allowed these acts to appear higher in the <i>Billboard</i> charts than before, and their chart success helped increase the genre's popularity. In addition, SoundScan sales data quickly found use in the promotion departments at major record labels, to persuade radio station music directors to play tracks by high-selling alternative artists such as <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alpha_Data">Alpha Data</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luminate_(company)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Alpha Data"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Data" title="Alpha Data">Alpha Data</a></b> (formerly, but commonly known as <b>BuzzAngle Music</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/Analytics" title="Analytics">music analytics</a> firm which provided statistics for the music industry, including record sales and music streaming. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TVtracker">TVtracker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luminate_(company)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: TVtracker"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>TVtracker, founded in 1999 by Mark Hoebich, tracks and analyzes all aspects of U.S. filmed entertainment, including television, feature film and digital entertainment, with coverage of everything from pilot pickups and series orders to motion picture development and post-production. The company evolved into Variety Business Intelligence and operates as Luminate Film & TV. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luminate_(company)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Album_era" title="Album era">Album era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_recording_certification" title="Music recording certification">Music recording certification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_albums_in_the_United_States_of_the_Nielsen_SoundScan_era" title="List of best-selling albums in the United States of the Nielsen SoundScan era">List of best-selling albums in the United States of the Nielsen SoundScan era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_number-one_Billboard_Blues_Albums_of_the_1990s" class="mw-redirect" title="List of number-one Billboard Blues Albums of the 1990s">List of number-one <i>Billboard</i> Blues Albums of the 1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DigiListan" title="DigiListan">DigiListan</a> – Swedish radio programme using Nielsen SoundScan to create its statistics</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luminate_(company)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Luminate+Partners+With+Mediabase+for+Radio+Tracking+Data&rft.date=2022-09-22&rft.aulast=Eggertsen&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fpro%2Fluminate-mediabase-partnership-radio-tracking%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Get_Your_Mind_Right:_Underground_Vs._Mainstream-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Get_Your_Mind_Right:_Underground_Vs._Mainstream_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110311102025/http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/editorials/id.1021/title.get-your-mind-right-underground-vs-mainstream">"Get Your Mind Right: Underground Vs. 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Craig Watkins, <i>Hip Hop Matters: Politics, Pop Culture, and the Struggle for the Soul of a Movement</i>, Beacon Press, August 15, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8070-0986-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8070-0986-5">0-8070-0986-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolden1991" class="citation news cs1">Holden, Stephen (June 5, 1991). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE3DB143FF936A35755C0A967958260&scp=24&sq=%22Music+industry%22&st=nyt">"The Pop Life"</a></span>. <i>New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417054110/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/05/arts/the-pop-life-624491.html?scp=24&sq=%22Music+industry%22&st=nyt">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Pop+Life&rft.date=1991-06-05&rft.aulast=Holden&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9D0CE3DB143FF936A35755C0A967958260%26scp%3D24%26sq%3D%2522Music%2Bindustry%2522%26st%3Dnyt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/67227/chart-beat-chat">"Chart Beat Chat"</a>. Billboard. July 23, 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130929124022/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/67227/chart-beat-chat">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chart+Beat+Chat&rft.pub=Billboard&rft.date=2004-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F67227%2Fchart-beat-chat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolden1991" class="citation news cs1">Holden, Stephen (June 22, 1991). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/22/arts/billboard-s-new-charts-roil-the-record-industry.html">"Billboard's New Charts Roil the Record Industry"</a></span>. <i>New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170309213449/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/22/arts/billboard-s-new-charts-roil-the-record-industry.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Billboard%27s+New+Charts+Roil+the+Record+Industry&rft.date=1991-06-22&rft.aulast=Holden&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F06%2F22%2Farts%2Fbillboard-s-new-charts-roil-the-record-industry.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes.com-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes.com_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes.com_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoletz1992" class="citation news cs1">Woletz, Robert G. (January 26, 1992). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/26/arts/pop-music-technology-gives-the-charts-a-fresh-spin.html">"Pop Music; Technology Gives the Charts a Fresh Spin"</a></span>. <i>New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701042358/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/26/arts/pop-music-technology-gives-the-charts-a-fresh-spin.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Pop+Music%3B+Technology+Gives+the+Charts+a+Fresh+Spin&rft.date=1992-01-26&rft.aulast=Woletz&rft.aufirst=Robert+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F01%2F26%2Farts%2Fpop-music-technology-gives-the-charts-a-fresh-spin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips1991" class="citation news cs1">Philips, Chuck (May 30, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-05-30-ca-3677-story.html">"The Accidental Chart Revolution : Pop music: Billboard's new method of tracking sales is a byproduct of a once-rival market research system"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402132925/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-05-30/entertainment/ca-3677_1_market-research-system">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Accidental+Chart+Revolution+%3A+Pop+music%3A+Billboard%27s+new+method+of+tracking+sales+is+a+byproduct+of+a+once-rival+market+research+system.&rft.date=1991-05-30&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-05-30-ca-3677-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips1991" class="citation news cs1">Philips, Chuck (December 8, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-12-08-ca-85-story.html">"Pop Music : Rock 'n' Roll Revolutionaries : SoundScan's Mike Shalett and Mike Fine have shaken up the record industry with a radical concept: accurate sales figures"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402175018/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-12-08/entertainment/ca-85_1_sales-figures">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Pop+Music+%3A+Rock+%27n%27+Roll+Revolutionaries+%3A+SoundScan%27s+Mike+Shalett+and+Mike+Fine+have+shaken+up+the+record+industry+with+a+radical+concept%3A+accurate+sales+figures&rft.date=1991-12-08&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-12-08-ca-85-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparks2001" class="citation news cs1">Sparks, Tom (July 13, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taxi.com/music-business-faq/ar/a-and-r-panel-2002">"A&R Q&A Panel"</a>. <i>TAXI A&R Music</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230803164940/https://www.taxi.com/music-business-faq/ar/a-and-r-panel-2002/">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TAXI+A%26R+Music&rft.atitle=A%26R+Q%26A+Panel&rft.date=2001-07-13&rft.aulast=Sparks&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taxi.com%2Fmusic-business-faq%2Far%2Fa-and-r-panel-2002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yahoo_2006-12-11-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yahoo_2006-12-11_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yahoo_2006-12-11_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBull2006" class="citation news cs1">Bull, Galen E. (December 11, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120724220635/http://voices.yahoo.com/the-soundscan-system-its-affect-record-sales-130989.html?cat=2">"The SoundScan System and Its Affect on Record Sales"</a>. Yahoo! Voices. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://voices.yahoo.com/the-soundscan-system-its-affect-record-sales-130989.html?cat=2">the original</a> on July 24, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+SoundScan+System+and+Its+Affect+on+Record+Sales&rft.date=2006-12-11&rft.aulast=Bull&rft.aufirst=Galen+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvoices.yahoo.com%2Fthe-soundscan-system-its-affect-record-sales-130989.html%3Fcat%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilips2001" class="citation news cs1">Philips, Chuck (July 13, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-jul-13-fi-21764-story.html">"Music Data Being Altered, Some Say"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Music+Data+Being+Altered%2C+Some+Say&rft.date=2001-07-13&rft.aulast=Philips&rft.aufirst=Chuck&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2001-jul-13-fi-21764-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwald2003" class="citation book cs1">Greenwald, Andy (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wi7HJI_f23EC&pg=PA85"><i>Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo</i></a>. St. Martin's Griffin. p. 85. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781466834927" title="Special:BookSources/9781466834927"><bdi>9781466834927</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nothing+Feels+Good%3A+Punk+Rock%2C+Teenagers%2C+and+Emo&rft.pages=85&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Griffin&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9781466834927&rft.aulast=Greenwald&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWi7HJI_f23EC%26pg%3DPA85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWice1992" class="citation magazine cs1">Wice, Nathaniel (April 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BIp60FGwMK4C&q=soundscan+%22alternative+music%22&pg=PT22">"How Nirvana Made It"</a>. <i>Spin Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Spin+Magazine&rft.atitle=How+Nirvana+Made+It&rft.date=1992-04&rft.aulast=Wice&rft.aufirst=Nathaniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBIp60FGwMK4C%26q%3Dsoundscan%2B%2522alternative%2Bmusic%2522%26pg%3DPT22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuminate+%28company%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luminate_(company)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nielsen" title="Template:Nielsen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nielsen" title="Template talk:Nielsen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nielsen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nielsen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nielsen_Holdings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Holdings" title="Nielsen Holdings">Nielsen Holdings</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gracenote" title="Gracenote">Gracenote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Audio" title="Nielsen Audio">Nielsen Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Media_Research" title="Nielsen Media Research">Nielsen Media Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former services and units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NielsenIQ" title="NielsenIQ">NielsenIQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Consumer_Panel" title="National Consumer Panel">National Consumer Panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_BookScan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen BookScan">Nielsen BookScan</a> (outside the United States)</li></ul></li> <li>Nielsen Business Media</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Broadcast_Data_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems">Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_SoundScan" class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen SoundScan">Nielsen SoundScan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nielsen_VideoScan" title="Nielsen VideoScan">Nielsen VideoScan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Penske_Media_Corporation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Template:Penske Media Corporation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Template talk:Penske Media Corporation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Penske Media Corporation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Penske_Media_Corporation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Penske" title="Jay Penske">Jay Penske</a> (Chairman and CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Fuller" title="Bonnie Fuller">Bonnie Fuller</a> (President and Editor-in-Chief, Hollywood Life)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Gaydos" title="Steven Gaydos">Steven Gaydos</a> (Executive Vice President, Content Executive Editor, Variety)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Skey" title="Samantha Skey">Samantha Skey</a> (CEO, SHE Media)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jann_Wenner" title="Jann Wenner">Jann Wenner</a> (President and COO, Wenner Media)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Wenner" title="Gus Wenner">Gus Wenner</a> (CEO, <i>Rolling Stone</i>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg/100px-Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg/150px-Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg/200px-Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="45" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Artforum" title="Artforum">Artforum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ARTnews" title="ARTnews">ARTnews</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Art_in_America" title="Art in America">Art in America</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boy_Genius_Report" title="Boy Genius Report">Boy Genius Report</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Fashion_Media" title="Fairchild Fashion Media">Fairchild Fashion Media</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Footwear_News" title="Footwear News">Footwear News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IndieWire" title="IndieWire">IndieWire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_Business_Worldwide" title="Music Business Worldwide">Music Business Worldwide</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robb_Report" title="Robb Report">Robb Report</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHE_Media" title="SHE Media">SHE Media</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BlogHer" title="BlogHer">BlogHer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/StyleCaster" class="mw-redirect" title="StyleCaster">StyleCaster</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TVLine" title="TVLine">TVLine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">PMRC properties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vibe_(magazine)" title="Vibe (magazine)">Vibe</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bookforum" title="Bookforum">Bookforum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Life" title="Hollywood Life">Hollywood Life</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Award shows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Country_Music_Awards" title="Academy of Country Music Awards">Academy of Country Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Music_Awards" title="American Music Awards">American Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awards" title="Billboard Music Awards">Billboard Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globes" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globes">Golden Globes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streamy_Awards" title="Streamy Awards">Streamy Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BuzzAngle_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="BuzzAngle Music">BuzzAngle Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Clark_Productions" title="Dick Clark Productions">Dick Clark Productions</a> (joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Industries" title="Eldridge Industries">Eldridge Industries</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Is_Beautiful_Music_%26_Art_Festival" title="Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival">Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_by_Southwest" title="South by Southwest">SXSW</a> (50% stakeholder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vox_Media" title="Vox Media">Vox Media</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Luminate</a></li></ul> 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