CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="ro" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Avari - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )rowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ianuarie","februarie","martie","aprilie","mai","iunie","iulie","august","septembrie","octombrie","noiembrie","decembrie"],"wgRequestId":"3dc65843-b45d-41c8-9c36-09e2510c89ad","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Avari","wgTitle":"Avari","wgCurRevisionId":15990675,"wgRevisionId":15990675,"wgArticleId":8787,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","Articole care necesită citări suplimentare","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori GND","Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NKC","Articole Wikipedia cu control de autoritate","Popoare migratoare","Popoare turcice","Ungaria medievală","Nomazi eurasiatici","Evul Mediu timpuriu"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ro","wgPageContentLanguage":"ro","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Avari","wgRelevantArticleId":8787,"wgTempUserName":null,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ro","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ro"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q68962","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ro&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.22"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg/1200px-Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1405"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg/960px-Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="937"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="750"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Avari - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modificare" href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (ro)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ro.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Abonare Atom" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Schimb%C4%83ri_recente&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Avari rootpage-Avari skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Sari la conținut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Meniul principal" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Meniul principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Meniul principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Meniul principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83" title="Vedeți pagina principală [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Pagina principală</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Schimb%C4%83ri_recente" title="Lista ultimelor schimbări realizate în acest wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Schimbări recente</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Cafenea" title="Informații despre evenimentele curente"><span>Cafenea</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Aleatoriu" title="Afișează o pagină aleatoare [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Articol aleatoriu</span></a></li><li id="n-Facebook" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/WikipediaRomana" rel="nofollow"><span>Facebook</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Pagini_speciale"><span>Pagini speciale</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Participare" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Participare" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Participare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Cum-încep-pe-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Bun_venit"><span>Cum încep pe Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Cuprins" title="Locul în care găsiți ajutor"><span>Ajutor</span></a></li><li id="n-Portals" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:R%C4%83sfoire"><span>Portaluri tematice</span></a></li><li id="n-Articole-cerute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articole_cerute"><span>Articole cerute</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Pagina_principal%C4%83" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="enciclopedia liberă" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ro.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:C%C4%83utare" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Căutare în Wikipedia [c]" accesskey="c"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Căutare</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Căutare în Wikipedia" aria-label="Căutare în Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Căutare în Wikipedia [c]" accesskey="c" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Căutare"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Căutare</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Unelte personale"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspect" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspect</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ro.wikipedia.org&uselang=ro" class=""><span>Donații</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%C3%8Enregistrare&returnto=Avari" title="Vă încurajăm să vă creați un cont și să vă autentificați; totuși, nu este obligatoriu" class=""><span>Creare cont</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Avari" title="Sunteți încurajat să vă autentificați, deși acest lucru nu este obligatoriu. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Autentificare</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte personale" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte personale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Meniul de utilizator" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ro.wikipedia.org&uselang=ro"><span>Donații</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%C3%8Enregistrare&returnto=Avari" title="Vă încurajăm să vă creați un cont și să vă autentificați; totuși, nu este obligatoriu"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Creare cont</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Autentificare&returnto=Avari" title="Sunteți încurajat să vă autentificați, deși acest lucru nu este obligatoriu. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Autentificare</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Cuprins" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istoric" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istoric"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Istoric</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Istoric subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Istoric-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organizare_politică" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizare_politică"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Organizare politică</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizare_politică-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-„Prisăcile”_din_Transilvania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#„Prisăcile”_din_Transilvania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>„Prisăcile” din Transilvania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-„Prisăcile”_din_Transilvania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vezi_și" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vezi_și"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Vezi și</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vezi_și-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Avari</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 68 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aware" title="Aware – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aware" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awaren" title="Awaren – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Awaren" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaros" title="Avaros – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Avaros" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="آفار أوراسيا – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آفار أوراسيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81varos" title="Ávaros – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ávaros" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarlar" title="Avarlar – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Avarlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D0%BA%D2%AF%D1%81%D0%BC%D3%99_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1)" title="Аварҙар (күсмә халыҡ) – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аварҙар (күсмә халыҡ)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awarn" title="Awarn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Awarn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Авары – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Авары" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Авари – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Авари" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari" title="Avari – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Avari" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80vars_de_Pann%C3%B2nia" title="Àvars de Pannònia – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àvars de Pannònia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ava%C5%99i" title="Avaři – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Avaři" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Аварсем – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аварсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarere" title="Avarere – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Avarere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awaren" title="Awaren – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Awaren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awary" title="Awary – sorabă de jos" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Awary" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="sorabă de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Άβαροι – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άβαροι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pannonian Avars" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaroj_(mezepoka_popolo)" title="Avaroj (mezepoka popolo) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Avaroj (mezepoka popolo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_%C3%A1varo" title="Pueblo ávaro – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo ávaro" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaro" title="Abaro – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Abaro" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="آوارهای اوراسیایی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آوارهای اوراسیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaarit_(muinainen_kansa)" title="Avaarit (muinainen kansa) – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avaarit (muinainen kansa)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avars" title="Avars – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Avars" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeraziatyske_Avaren" title="Jeraziatyske Avaren – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Jeraziatyske Avaren" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81varos" title="Ávaros – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ávaros" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אווארים פאנוניים – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אווארים פאנוניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="यूरेशियाई आवार लोग – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यूरेशियाई आवार लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari" title="Avari – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Avari" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarok" title="Avarok – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Avarok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80_(%D6%81%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A5%D6%80)" title="Ավարներ (ցեղեր) – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ավարներ (ցեղեր)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avar_Eurasia" title="Avar Eurasia – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Avar Eurasia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari" title="Avari – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Avari" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari" title="Avari – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Avari" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="アヴァール – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アヴァール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%88%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B)" title="Аварлар (көшпелі халық) – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аварлар (көшпелі халық)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B0%94%EB%A5%B4" title="아바르 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아바르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Аварлар – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аварлар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari" title="Avari – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Avari" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avares" title="Avares – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Avares" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarai" title="Avarai – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Avarai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Av%C4%81ri_(senie)" title="Avāri (senie) – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Avāri (senie)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Авари – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Авари" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Авар – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Авар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaren_(Europa)" title="Avaren (Europa) – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Avaren (Europa)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarar" title="Avarar – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Avarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarer" title="Avarer – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Avarer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avars_de_Pan%C3%B2nia" title="Avars de Panònia – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Avars de Panònia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awarowie" title="Awarowie – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Awarowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A9" title="یوریشیائی آوار لوک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یوریشیائی آوار لوک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81varos" title="Ávaros – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ávaros" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Авары – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Авары" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari" title="Avari – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Avari" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_Avars" title="Eurasian Avars – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Eurasian Avars" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari_(Stredn%C3%A1_%C3%81zia)" title="Avari (Stredná Ázia) – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Avari (Stredná Ázia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avari" title="Avari – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Avari" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avar%C3%ABt" title="Avarët – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Avarët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Авари – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Авари" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarer" title="Avarer – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Avarer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="อาวาร์ยูเรเชีย – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาวาร์ยูเรเชีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarlar" title="Avarlar – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Avarlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Авари – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Авари" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avarlar" title="Avarlar – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Avarlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Avar_Pannonia" title="Người Avar Pannonia – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Avar Pannonia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%BA" title="阿瓦尔人 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿瓦尔人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%BA" title="阿瓦尔人 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿瓦尔人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8F%AF%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%BA" title="阿華爾人 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿華爾人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q68962#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avari" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie:Avari" rel="discussion" title="Discuții despre această pagină [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discuție</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">română</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vizualizări"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avari"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=history" title="Versiunile anterioare ale paginii și autorii lor. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Unelte" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Unelte</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Unelte</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mai multe opțiuni" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Acțiuni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Avari"><span>Lectură</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit" title="Modificați această pagină cu EditorulVizual [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modificare</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit" title="Modificați codul sursă al acestei pagini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modificare sursă</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=history"><span>Istoric</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Ce_se_leag%C4%83_aici/Avari" title="Lista tuturor paginilor wiki care conduc spre această pagină [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ce trimite aici</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Modific%C4%83ri_corelate/Avari" rel="nofollow" title="Schimbări recente în legătură cu această pagină [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Schimbări corelate</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Trimite_fișier" title="Încărcare fișiere [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Trimite fișier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&oldid=15990675" title="Legătură permanentă către această versiune a acestei pagini"><span>Legătură permanentă</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=info" title="Mai multe informații despre această pagină"><span>Informații despre pagină</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citeaz%C4%83&page=Avari&id=15990675&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informații cu privire la modul de citare a acestei pagini"><span>Citează acest articol</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAvari"><span>Obține URL scurtat</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fro.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAvari"><span>Descărcați codul QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tipărire/exportare </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Carte&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Avari"><span>Creare carte</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Avari&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descărcare ca PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&printable=yes" title="Versiunea de tipărit a acestei pagini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versiune de tipărit</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> În alte proiecte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pannonian_Avars" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q68962" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg/250px-Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg/330px-Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg/500px-Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1688" data-file-height="1977" /></a><figcaption>Imperiul Avar</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Avarii</b> au fost un <a href="/wiki/Popoare_migratoare" title="Popoare migratoare">popor migrator</a> provenit din <a href="/wiki/Asia_Central%C4%83" title="Asia Centrală">Asia Centrală</a> a cărui limbă era probabil din grupul <a href="/wiki/Limbi_turcice" title="Limbi turcice">limbilor turcice</a>. Inițial, și-au stabilit un <a href="/wiki/Hanat" title="Hanat">hanat</a> pe râul <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a>, ulterior în <a href="/wiki/Europa_Central%C4%83" title="Europa Centrală">Europa Centrală</a> (<a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2mpia_Panonic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Câmpia Panonică">Câmpia Panonică</a>) în <a href="/wiki/Evul_Mediu_Timpuriu" title="Evul Mediu Timpuriu">Evul Mediu Timpuriu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Secolul_al_VI-lea" title="Secolul al VI-lea">secolul al VI-lea</a>), fiind timp de două secole o putere militară de temut între <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Franc" title="Imperiul Franc">Imperiul Franc</a> și <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Bizantin" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperiul Bizantin">Imperiul Bizantin</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origine">Origine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Origine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Origine"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izvoarele istorice fiind precare, este dificil de stabilit originea etnică a avarilor. </p><p>Potrivit cronicilor chinezești, avarii ar fi fost o ramură a poporului vorbitor al unui idiom indo-european și având numele chinezești <i>Yüe-tschi</i> sau „Cücen” (柔然, 蠕蠕, 芮芮, 茹茹, 蝚蠕), cunoscuți ca <a href="/wiki/Toharieni" title="Toharieni">toharieni</a>. Acesta a emigrat din <a href="/wiki/Bazinul_Tarim" title="Bazinul Tarim">bazinul Tarim</a>, care se întinde pe o suprafață de 530.000 km², vecin la sud cu <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistanul</a>. </p><p>După un alt manuscris istoric chinez, <i>Liang-șu</i>, <i>varii</i> au fost o perioadă vasali, respectiv înrudiți, cu popoarele protomongole care trăiau în stepele din Asia centrală. Există speculații și pe seama unei prezumtive origini fino-ugrice a avarilor. </p><p>O altă sursă, <i>Encyclopædia Iranica</i>, afirmă că originea avarilor ar fi comună cu a mongolilor, aceștia provenind din populația <i>Śyän-bi</i>. </p><p>Recent, tot mai mulți istorici inclină să accepte ipoteza că avarii au fost o populație <a href="/wiki/Mun%C8%9Bii_Altai" title="Munții Altai">altaică</a> de tip turcic. </p><p><span class="citationNeeded skin-invert">După toate indiciile, avarii, aidoma <a href="/wiki/Huni" title="Huni">hunilor</a> și <a href="/wiki/Go%C8%9Bi" title="Goți">goților</a>, practicau deformarea craniului din motiv estetic.</span><sup class="noprint"><span style="color:red;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citarea_surselor" title="Wikipedia:Citarea surselor"><i>necesită citare</i></a>]</span></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16584850">.mw-parser-output .citationNeeded{background-color:#ffeaea;color:#444444}</style> </p><p>În <a href="/wiki/Secolul_al_V-lea" title="Secolul al V-lea">secolul V</a>, <a href="/wiki/Priscus" title="Priscus">Priscus</a> a fost primul care a scris despre tribul <a href="/wiki/Avar" class="mw-disambig" title="Avar">avarilor</a> din vestul <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberiei</a>. Acesta susține teoria conform căreia originea lor este din zona lacului <a href="/wiki/Balha%C8%99" class="mw-disambig" title="Balhaș">Balhaș</a>, așa cum sursele chinezești susțin înrudirea cu triburile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hua — pagină inexistentă">Hua</a>. Potrivit lui Priscus, avarii și hunii au fost forțați de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sabiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sabiri — pagină inexistentă">sabiri</a> să se mute spre vest, până spre Volga, încât în <a href="/wiki/550" title="550">550</a> istoricul Bisericii <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zacharie_Rhetor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zacharie Rhetor — pagină inexistentă">Zacharie Rhetor</a> menționează comunități avare în Occident. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istoric">Istoric</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Istoric" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Istoric"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>După o înfrângerea suferită în lupta contra dinastiei nord-chineze Wei, avarii vor fi menționați în jurul anului <a href="/wiki/463" title="463">463</a> ca făcându-și apariția în zona <a href="/wiki/Marea_Neagr%C4%83" title="Marea Neagră">Mării Negre</a>. O parte a populației avare se chema, potrivit izvoarelor, <i>varchunni</i> (din <i>var</i> și 'chunni<i>), fiind o populație <a href="/wiki/Oguri" class="mw-redirect" title="Oguri">ogură</a>, adică <a href="/wiki/Protobulgari" title="Protobulgari">protobulgară</a>.</i> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Bm_taklamakan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Bm_taklamakan.jpg/345px-Bm_taklamakan.jpg" decoding="async" width="345" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Bm_taklamakan.jpg/518px-Bm_taklamakan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Bm_taklamakan.jpg/690px-Bm_taklamakan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="950" /></a><figcaption>Fotografie din satelit a <b>Bazinului Tarîm</b> și a deșertului <a href="/wiki/Taklamakan" title="Taklamakan">Taklamakan</a>. La sud-vest se observă <a href="/wiki/Himalaya" title="Himalaya">Himalaya</a> (NASA/MODIS/Blue Marble)</figcaption></figure> <p>Avarii sunt împinși spre vest de un popor turcic, ajungând la granițele <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_R%C4%83s%C4%83rit" title="Imperiul Roman de Răsărit">Imperiului Bizantin</a>, unde în anul <a href="/wiki/560" title="560">560</a> îi înving lângă <a href="/wiki/Marea_Neagr%C4%83" title="Marea Neagră">Marea Neagră</a> pe huno-bulgari, fiind împinși mai departe de triburile „turcilor albaștri” („kök” sau „gök türkler”). </p><p>În <a href="/wiki/557" title="557">557</a>, avarii, învinși în Asia Centrală de alte triburi turce, intră în Europa. În <a href="/wiki/562" title="562">562</a>, sub conducerea kaganului (hanului) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baian_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baian I — pagină inexistentă">Baian I</a>, avarii ajung la Dunăre și cer de la bizantini subvenții, cerere însă refuzată de împăratul <a href="/wiki/Iustin_al_II-lea" title="Iustin al II-lea">Iustin al II-lea</a> (565–578). În <a href="/wiki/567" title="567">567</a>, împreună cu <a href="/wiki/Longobarzi" title="Longobarzi">longobarzii</a>, avarii zdrobesc regatul <a href="/wiki/Gepizi" title="Gepizi">gepizilor</a>, situat în <a href="/wiki/Panonia" title="Panonia">Bazinul Panonic</a> și în partea vestică a teritoriului <a href="/wiki/Transilvania" title="Transilvania">Transilvaniei</a>. Teritoriul transilvan devine pentru avarii crescători de animale o regiune preferată în timpul verii. În a doua jumătate a secolului al VI-lea, avarii ocupau <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2mpia_Panonic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Câmpia Panonică">Câmpia Panonică</a>, reducând populația conlocuitoare romanică și slavă la o stare de servitute și la plata unui tribut. La est, avarii au înfrânt triburile slave ale <a href="/wiki/An%C8%9Bi" title="Anți">anților</a> dintre Bug și <a href="/wiki/Nistru" title="Nistru">Nistru</a>. </p><p>Apariția în forță a avarilor în nordul <a href="/wiki/Marea_Neagr%C4%83" title="Marea Neagră">Mării Negre</a> a oprit atacurile anților, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sclavini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sclavini — pagină inexistentă">sclavinilor</a> și <a href="/wiki/Bulgari" title="Bulgari">bulgarilor</a> asupra provinciilor <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_R%C4%83s%C4%83rit" title="Imperiul Roman de Răsărit">Bizanțului</a>. În urma a trei campanii din <a href="/wiki/568" title="568">568</a>, <a href="/wiki/570" title="570">570</a> și <a href="/wiki/573" title="573">573</a>, avarii, care își constituiseră centrul politic în <a href="/wiki/Panonia" title="Panonia">Pannonia</a> în locul gepizilor și după migrarea longobarzilor spre Italia, încheie pace cu bizantinii, adică cu <a href="/wiki/Imperiul_Roman_de_R%C4%83s%C4%83rit" title="Imperiul Roman de Răsărit">Imperiul Roman de Răsărit</a>. În anul <a href="/wiki/579" title="579">579</a>, sub <a href="/wiki/Tiberiu_al_II-lea" title="Tiberiu al II-lea">Tiberiu al II-lea</a> (578–582), o sută de mii de slavi au năvălit în <a href="/wiki/Iliria" title="Iliria">Iliria</a>, au jefuit timp de patru ani Imperiul și s-au așezat pretutindeni. Împăratul a făcut apel la avari, care traversează <a href="/wiki/Iliria" title="Iliria">Illyria</a>, urmăresc armata slavă condusă de <i>Dauritas</i> și o înving, probabil, în Oltenia. În <a href="/wiki/582" title="582">582</a>, avarii cuceresc <a href="/wiki/Sremska_Mitrovica" title="Sremska Mitrovica">Sirmium</a> (astăzi <a href="/wiki/Sremska_Mitrovica" title="Sremska Mitrovica">Sremska Mitrovica</a>), unde marele han Baian își va muta reședința, opunând o rezistență puternică Imperiului Bizantin. Pretinzând tribut dela <a href="/wiki/Franci" title="Franci">franci</a>, dominația avară este limitată de împăratul bizantin <a href="/wiki/Mauriciu" title="Mauriciu">Mauriciu</a> (Maurikios). </p><p>În anul 584, sclavinii sub conducerea lui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ardagast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ardagast — pagină inexistentă">Ardagast</a> pustiesc <a href="/wiki/Tracia" title="Tracia">Tracia</a> până la <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Adrianopol</a>; în anii <a href="/wiki/585" title="585">585</a>-<a href="/wiki/588" title="588">588</a> aceiași sclavini ajung până la <a href="/wiki/Salonic" title="Salonic">Salonic</a>. La rândul lor, avarii atacă <a href="/wiki/Moesia" title="Moesia">Moesia</a> și ajung până la <a href="/wiki/Tomis" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tomis">Tomis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Împăratul Flavius <a href="/wiki/Focas_Tiranul" title="Focas Tiranul">Focas</a> (547–610) încheie o pace cu ei în 604, acceptând să le plătească tribut. În 610-611, avarii, împreună cu <a href="/wiki/Longobarzi" title="Longobarzi">longobarzii</a>, atacă puternic Imperiul Bizantin ocupând toată <a href="/wiki/Peninsula_Balcanic%C4%83" title="Peninsula Balcanică">Peninsula Balcanică</a>. Împreună cu slavii din zona ocupată, aceștia asediază <a href="/wiki/Salonic" title="Salonic">Salonicul</a>, iar ulterior, împreună cu <a href="/wiki/Per%C8%99i" title="Perși">perșii</a>, asediază <i><a href="/wiki/Constantinopol" title="Constantinopol">Constantinopolul</a></i> (626). </p><p>Slavii se răscoală în 623–624 ub conducerea negustorului franc <i>Samo</i>, scuturând jugul avar, și astfel începe declinul imperiului avar. Aceste atacuri contra avarilor sunt continuate de <a href="/wiki/Bulgari" title="Bulgari">bulgari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croa%C8%9Bi" title="Croați">croați</a>, celelalte popoare slave din Peninsula Balcanică. </p><p>După cca. 670 pe teritoriile stăpânite de avari se stabilesc membrii uni popor migrator, cu caracter turc, venit dinspre est, și având o ornamentație aparte. Noii veniți s-au integrat în societatea avară fără conflicte. Unii cercetători istorici, ca de exemplu arheologul maghiar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyula_L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyula László — pagină inexistentă">Gyula László</a> presupun că aceștia ar fi fost <a href="/wiki/Secui" title="Secui">secuii</a>. </p><p>Pentru a asigura securitatea drumurilor comerciale din est, <a href="/wiki/Carol_cel_Mare" title="Carol cel Mare">Carol cel Mare</a>, care i-a învins pe avari, întemeiază în anul 800 în estul Imperiului Franc <i>Marca Avară</i>, situată pe teritoriul de astăzi al landului <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">austriac</a> <a href="/wiki/Carintia" title="Carintia">Carintia</a>. </p><p>Sub presiunea francilor, și în urma înfrângerilor militare suferite, avarii acceptă să se creștineze. Regele lor se baptizează după ritualul creștinesc (latin), luându-și numele de Avram. Imperiul Avar însă nu a putut fi salvat nici prin aceste măsuri importante. În anul 803 khanul Krum al bulgarilor suddunăreni învinge armata avarilor într-o bătălie decisivă. Bulgarii, care erau încă necreștinați, ocupă regiunile sudice ale fostului imperiu avar, îndeosebi Transilvania de Sud (cunoscută pentru minele de aur și sare) și teritoriul Voivodinei din Serbia de astăzi. Avarii nu dispar cu totul, ei sunt amintiți până în 950 ca plătind impozite în regiunea aparținând Croației de astăzi.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tezaurul_de_la_S%C3%A2nnicolau_Mare" title="Tezaurul de la Sânnicolau Mare">Tezaurul de la Sânnicolaul Mare</a>, descoperit la finele sec. al XVIII-lea și compus din vase de aur ce vădesc o tehnică înaltă de orfevrărie, se presupune că a aparținut avarilor sau lui Ahtum, ultimul voievod bănățean </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organizare_politică"><span id="Organizare_politic.C4.83"></span>Organizare politică</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Organizare politică" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Organizare politică"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liderul suprem al avarilor era <i>kaganul</i> (hanul), care era și autoritatea religioasă supremă. Rangul următor la nivelul puterii politice îl reprezenta <i>tudun</i>-ul. Alte ranguri importante: <i>yug(u)ruș</i>, <i>tarkan</i> (tarhan), <i>kapkan</i> (kaphan), <i>katun</i> (soția kaganului).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="„Prisăcile”_din_Transilvania"><span id=".E2.80.9EPris.C4.83cile.E2.80.9D_din_Transilvania"></span>„Prisăcile” din Transilvania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: „Prisăcile” din Transilvania" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: „Prisăcile” din Transilvania"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prisăcile erau fortificații sumare dispuse pe un aliniament natural ușor de apărat și întărit prin plantarea de vegetație deasă, șanțuri, întârituri din stâlpi de lemn. În Transilvania, existența liniilor de întărituri de frontieră, numite <i>prisăci</i> sau <i>porți</i> în limba română sau <i>indagines</i> în latină, este confirmată de toponime precum Presaca, Posada, Poarta, Straja etc. Unele întărituri au fost distruse sau refolosite de migratorii maghiari în perioada luptelor pentru cucerirea Transilvaniei. Acest sistem de fortificare era folosit în acea vreme pe un vast teritoriu în Europa, și de diverse populații dar lipsa unor date istorice face ca originea acestor prisăci să fie încă disputată<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unii istorici români opinează că prisăcile ar fi fost opera avarilor.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bvau.ro/docs/doc_ro.htm">Avarii în Moesia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.jgytf.u-szeged.hu/folyoiratok/tiszataj/01-11/olajos.pdf">Olajos Teréz: Az avar továbbélés kérdéséről (Despre problema continuității avare)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205235035/http://www.lib.jgytf.u-szeged.hu/folyoiratok/tiszataj/01-11/olajos.pdf">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2012-02-05">5 februarie 2012</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (<a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Hannes Sköld, <i>Die ossetischen Lehnwörter im Ungarischen.</i> („Împrumuturile lexicale osetine (iazyge/alane) din limba maghiară”) In: Lund Universitets Årsskrift, N.F., Avd. I, Bd. 20, No. 4, 1925</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Ioan Marian Țiplic, Considerații cu privire la liniile întărite de tipul prisăcilor din Transilvania (sec. IX-XIII)*. Acta terrae septencastrensis, Editura Economica, Sibiu 2002, p.147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cisa.uaic.ro/saa/saa9/art.32.CiobanuDoina.pdf">Doina Ciobanu, <i>The role of salt deposits in the political-military history of the Carpatho-Danubian space in the 1st-13th centuries.</i> In: Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica, IX, Iași (2003)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720215538/http://cisa.uaic.ro/saa/saa9/art.32.CiobanuDoina.pdf">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2011-07-20">20 iulie 2011</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Around the year 700 one may notice the existence of an avar dominative centre, around Aiud. This centre is probably the result of some infiltration from the Pannonic Fields in Transylvania, through the valley of Mureș, one of the followed objectives being that of obtaining salt from the nearby salt mines (HOREDT, 1958, p. 98). <i>“Starting with the 7th century one has discovered Avar graves spread along the middle stream of Mureș, from the point where the Arieș penetrates the Western Carpathians up to the point where Târnava flows into Mureș, on an area where the most important salt mines from <a href="/wiki/Turda" title="Turda">Turda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ocna_Mure%C8%99" title="Ocna Mureș">Ocna Mureș</a> are laying”</i> (idem, 1975, 120). The Avars are the only migratory people that have built defence works, called <i>“rings, made of wooden beams covered with grass swaths”</i> (Ibidem, 120; RUSU 1975, 149). They were exercising their political andeconomical domination over the Romanic population from these power...</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Vezi <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mek.oszk.hu/00800/00893/html/doc/c400124.htm">Szilágyi</a> și <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atreus.extra.hu/kissir2.html">Kiss Gábor, <i>Vas megye 10-12. századi sír- és kincsleletei. Magyarország honfoglaláskori és kora Árpád-kori sírleletei</i>, Szombathely, 2000. pagina 321, planșa 103</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070208100320/http://www.atreus.extra.hu/kissir2.html">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2007-02-08">8 februarie 2007</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>..</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vezi_și"><span id="Vezi_.C8.99i"></span>Vezi și</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Vezi și" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Vezi și"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear:right;border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0 0 1em 1em;font-size:90%;background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9f9);color:color:var(--color-base, #000);width:230px;padding:2px;spacing:2px;text-align:center;float:right"><div style="float:left;vertical-align:middle"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left:35px;line-height:normal;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> conține materiale multimedia legate de <span class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Eurasian_Avars?uselang=ro">Avari</a></b></span></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limba_proto-bulgar%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Limba proto-bulgară">Limba proto-bulgară</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limba_ciuva%C8%99%C4%83" title="Limba ciuvașă">Limba ciuvașă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbi_turcice" title="Limbi turcice">Limbi turcice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tezaurul_de_la_S%C3%A2nnicolau_Mare" title="Tezaurul de la Sânnicolau Mare">Tezaurul de la Sânnicolau Mare</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avari&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.descopera.ro/cultura/11760920-avarii-cine-sunt-ei-si-cum-ne-au-influentat-istoria">Avarii: cine sunt ei și cum ne-au influențat istoria?</a>, 13 decembrie 2013, Nicu Pârlog, <i>Descoperă</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historia.ro/exclusiv_web/actualitate/articol/un-cimitir-al-migratorilor-avari-descoperit-autostrada-nadlac-arad">Un cimitir al migratorilor avari, descoperit sub autostrada Nadlac-Arad</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130126075232/http://www.historia.ro/exclusiv_web/actualitate/articol/un-cimitir-al-migratorilor-avari-descoperit-autostrada-nadlac-arad">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2013-01-26">26 ianuarie 2013</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., 28 octombrie 2011, <i>Historia</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arheologie.ulbsibiu.ro/publicatii/ats/ats1/acta%201.pdf">Prisăcile din Transilvania</a> (pag.147)</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate">Control de autoritate</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Authority_File" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Authority File">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4004021-5">4004021-5</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph117370&CON_LNG=ENG">ph117370</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Control_de_autoritate" title="Ajutor:Control de autoritate"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg/40px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Avari&oldid=15990675">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Avari&oldid=15990675</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorii</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Popoare_migratoare" title="Categorie:Popoare migratoare">Popoare migratoare</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Popoare_turcice" title="Categorie:Popoare turcice">Popoare turcice</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Ungaria_medieval%C4%83" title="Categorie:Ungaria medievală">Ungaria medievală</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Nomazi_eurasiatici" title="Categorie:Nomazi eurasiatici">Nomazi eurasiatici</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Evul_Mediu_timpuriu" title="Categorie:Evul Mediu timpuriu">Evul Mediu timpuriu</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorii ascunse: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Categorie:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_care_necesit%C4%83_cit%C4%83ri_suplimentare" title="Categorie:Articole care necesită citări suplimentare">Articole care necesită citări suplimentare</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_GND" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori GND">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_identificatori_NKC" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NKC">Articole Wikipedia cu identificatori NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Articole_Wikipedia_cu_control_de_autoritate" title="Categorie:Articole Wikipedia cu control de autoritate">Articole Wikipedia cu control de autoritate</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 24 decembrie 2023, ora 13:10.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. Vedeți detalii la <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Termenii de utilizare</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Politica de confidențialitate</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Despre">Despre Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Termeni">Termeni</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Cod de conduită</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Dezvoltatori</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ro.wikipedia.org">Statistici</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Declarație cookie</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ro.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Avari&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Versiune mobilă</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Căutare</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Căutare în Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Căutare"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Căutare</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Avari</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>68 limbi</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Adăugare subiect</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-fb96cc848-54s9h","wgBackendResponseTime":143,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.136","walltime":"0.214","ppvisitednodes":{"value":271,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":6130,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":117,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":5,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":4842,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 160.339 1 -total"," 40.21% 64.465 1 Format:Commons_category"," 27.18% 43.574 1 Format:Control_de_autoritate"," 21.24% 34.055 4 Format:Webarchive"," 6.60% 10.577 1 Format:Nc"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.067","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2106292,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-6df8dbf59d-lpr9d","timestamp":"20250329014900","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Avari","url":"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Avari","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q68962","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q68962","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-05-22T11:03:09Z","dateModified":"2023-12-24T10:10:13Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/04\/Historical_map_of_the_Balkans_around_582-612_AD.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>