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PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation - Wikipedia
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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutral point of view</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PXI_Chassis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/PXI_Chassis.jpg/220px-PXI_Chassis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/PXI_Chassis.jpg/330px-PXI_Chassis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/PXI_Chassis.jpg/440px-PXI_Chassis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="581" /></a><figcaption>PXI-System with embedded Controller</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PXI_Backplane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PXI_Backplane.jpg/220px-PXI_Backplane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PXI_Backplane.jpg/330px-PXI_Backplane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PXI_Backplane.jpg/440px-PXI_Backplane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2580" data-file-height="2300" /></a><figcaption>PXI <a href="/wiki/Backplane" title="Backplane">backplane</a> <a href="/wiki/ADLINK" title="ADLINK">ADLINK</a> XBP-3006L</figcaption></figure> <p><b>PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation</b> (<b>PXI</b>) is one of several modular electronic instrumentation platforms in current use based on the <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">Peripheral Component Interconnect</a> bus, which includes <a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express</a> (PCI). These platforms are used as a basis for building <a href="/wiki/Electronic_test_equipment" title="Electronic test equipment">electronic test equipment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automation" title="Automation">automation</a> systems, and modular <a href="/wiki/Laboratory" title="Laboratory">laboratory</a> instruments. </p><p>PXI is based on <a href="/wiki/Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Industry Standard Architecture">industry-standard</a> <a href="/wiki/Bus_(computing)" title="Bus (computing)">computer buses</a> and permits flexibility in building equipment. Often, modules are fitted with custom <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a> to manage the system. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PXI is designed for measurement and automation applications that require high-performance and a rugged industrial form-factor. </p><p>With PXI, one can select modules from a number of vendors and integrate them into a single PXI system, over 1150 module types available in 2006. A typical <a href="/wiki/Rack_unit" title="Rack unit">3U</a> PXI module measures approximately <span class="nowrap">100 x 160 mm</span> (4x6") in size, and a typical 8-slot PXI chassis is 4U high and half rack width, full width chassis contain up to 18 PXI slots. </p><p>PXI uses PCI-based technology and an industry standard governed by the PXI Systems Alliance (PXISA) to ensure standards compliance and system interoperability. </p><p>There are PXI modules available for almost every conceivable test, measurement, and automation application, from the ubiquitous switching modules and DMMs, to high-performance microwave vector signal generation and analysis. </p><p>There are also companies specializing in writing software for PXI modules, as well as companies providing PXI hardware-software integration services. </p><p>PXI is based on <a href="/wiki/CompactPCI" title="CompactPCI">CompactPCI</a>, and it offers all of the benefits of the <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> architecture including performance, industry adoption, <a href="/wiki/Commercial_off-the-shelf" title="Commercial off-the-shelf">COTS</a> technology. PXI adds a rugged CompactPCI mechanical form-factor, an industry consortium that defines hardware, electrical, software, power and cooling requirements. </p><p>Then PXI adds integrated timing and synchronization which is used to route synchronization clocks, and triggers internally. PXI is a future-proof technology, and is designed to be simply and quickly reprogrammed as test, measurement, and automation requirements change. </p><p>Most PXI instrument modules are register-based products, that use software drivers hosted on a PC to configure them as useful instruments, taking advantage of the increasing power of PCs to improve hardware access and simplify embedded software in the modules. The <a href="/wiki/Open_architecture" title="Open architecture">open architecture</a> allows hardware to be reconfigured to provide new facilities and features that are difficult to emulate in comparable bench instruments. </p><p>PXI system data bandwidth performance easily exceeds the performance of the older <a href="/wiki/VME_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation" title="VME eXtensions for Instrumentation">VXI</a> test standard. There is debate within the technical community as to whether newer standards such as LXI will surpass PXI in both performance and overall cost of ownership. </p><p>PXI modules providing the instrument functions are plugged into a PXI chassis which may include its own controller running an industry standard <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">Windows 7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a <a href="#MXI_link">PCI-to-PXI bridge</a> that provides a high-speed link to a desktop PC controller. Likewise, multiple PXI racks can be linked together with PCI bridge cards, to build very large systems such as multiple source microwave signal generator test stands for complex <a href="/wiki/Automatic_test_equipment" title="Automatic test equipment">ATE</a> applications. </p><p><a href="/wiki/CompactPCI" title="CompactPCI">CompactPCI</a> and PXI products are interchangeable, i.e. they can be used in either CompactPCI or PXI chassis, but installation in the alternative chassis type may eliminate certain clocking and triggering features. So, for example, you could mount a CompactPCI Network interface controller in a PXI rack to provide additional network interface functions to a test stand. Conversely, a PXI module installed in a CompactPCI chassis would not utilize the additional clocking and triggering features of the PXI module. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="PXI_Systems_Alliance">PXI Systems Alliance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: PXI Systems Alliance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect"><b>P</b>CI</a> e<b>X</b>tensions for <b>I</b>nstrumentation (PXI) is a modular instrumentation platform originally introduced in 1997 by <a href="/wiki/National_Instruments" title="National Instruments">National Instruments</a>. PXI is promoted by the 69-member PXI Systems Alliance (PXISA), whose sponsor members are (in alphabetical order) <a href="/wiki/ADLINK" title="ADLINK">ADLINK</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cobham_plc" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobham plc">Cobham Wireless</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keysight_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Keysight Technologies">Keysight Technologies</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marvin_Test_Solutions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marvin Test Solutions (page does not exist)">Marvin Test Solutions</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Instruments" title="National Instruments">National Instruments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pickering_Interfaces" title="Pickering Interfaces">Pickering Interfaces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teradyne" title="Teradyne">Teradyne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PXIroster_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PXIroster-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Executive Members of the alliance include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfamation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfamation (page does not exist)">Alfamation</a>, Beijing Pansino Solutions Technology Co., <a href="/w/index.php?title=CHROMA_ATE_Inc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CHROMA ATE Inc (page does not exist)">CHROMA ATE Inc</a>., <a href="/w/index.php?title=Goepel_electronic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goepel electronic (page does not exist)">GOEPEL electronic</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=MAC_Panel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MAC Panel (page does not exist)">MAC Panel</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Panel_Corp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Panel Corp (page does not exist)">Virginia Panel Corp</a>. Another 56 associate member organizations that do not have voting rights are supporting PXI and use the PXI logo on their products and marketing material.<sup id="cite_ref-PXIroster_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PXIroster-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PXI_providers">PXI providers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: PXI providers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/National_Instruments" title="National Instruments">National Instruments</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agilent_Technologies" title="Agilent Technologies">Agilent Technologies</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Keysight_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Keysight Technologies">Keysight Technologies</a>) entered the PXI test market in 2006. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Instruments" title="National Instruments">National Instruments</a>; National Instruments introduced the CompactPCI-based PXI standard in 1990s. National Instruments is the major PXI provider on the market.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acqiris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acqiris (page does not exist)">Acqiris</a>; was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Agilent" class="mw-redirect" title="Agilent">Agilent</a> Nov 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PXIT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PXIT (page does not exist)">PXIT</a>; an early PXI entrant (acquired by <a href="/wiki/Agilent" class="mw-redirect" title="Agilent">Agilent</a> Nov 2006).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keithley_Instruments" title="Keithley Instruments">Keithley Instruments</a>; launched a range of 35 Data Acquisition and Instrumentation PXI cards in Nov 2006.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://conduant.com/">Conduant Corporation</a>; Founded in 1996 as Boulder Instruments is a leader in ultra-fast, long-duration digital recording and playback systems for scientific research, military, and instrumentation applications with range of PXIe products,</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Derived_standards">Derived standards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Derived standards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>PXI Express</b> is an adaptation of <a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express</a> to the PXI form factor, developed in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This increases the available system data rate to 6 GB/s in each direction. PXI Express also allows for the use of hybrid slots, compatible with both PXI and PXI Express modules. In 2015 National Instruments extended the standard to use PCI Express 3.x, increasing the system bandwidth to 24 GB/s.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>An <b>MXI link</b> provides a PC with direct control over the PXI backplane and connected cards using a PXI card and a connected PCI/CompactPCI card. This interface provides a maximum data throughput of <span class="nowrap">208 MB/s</span> using fiber-optic or copper cabling, and can support a maximum length of 200 metres (660 ft) using a fiber-optic connection.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><b>PXI MultiComputing</b> (PXImc)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an interconnection standard that allows multiple PXI systems to be linked together, with each system potentially including both instrumentation and processing. Using PXImc, data gathered from one system can be processed in parallel on multiple computing nodes, or a single PC can access instruments in several PXI chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPXI_Systems_Alliance2020" class="citation web cs1">PXI Systems Alliance (March 20, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pxisa.org/userfiles/files/PXI2_PXISW_r26.pdf">"PXI-2 Software Specification Rev. 2.6"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>PXI Systems Alliance Specifications</i>. 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PXI Systems Alliance. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pxisa.org/Members/Roster.aspx">the original</a> on 12 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/accelconf/ica05/proceedings/pdf/I3_001.pdf">"PCI Express: an Overview of PCI Express, Cabled PCI Express and PXI Express"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>10th ICALEPCS Int. Conf. on Accelerator & Large Expt. Physics Control Systems</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=PCI+Express%3A+an+Overview+of+PCI+Express%2C+Cabled+PCI+Express+and+PXI+Express&rft.btitle=10th+ICALEPCS+Int.+Conf.+on+Accelerator+%26+Large+Expt.+Physics+Control+Systems&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Fountain&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=McCarthy%2C+A.&rft.au=Peng%2C+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faccelconf.web.cern.ch%2Faccelconf%2Fica05%2Fproceedings%2Fpdf%2FI3_001.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APCI+eXtensions+for+Instrumentation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPXI_Systems_Alliance2005" class="citation techreport cs1">PXI Systems Alliance (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pxisa.org/userfiles/files/Specifications/PXIEXPRESS_HW_SPEC_R1.PDF"><i>PXI Express Hardware Specification</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Standard). PXI-5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=PXI+Express+Hardware+Specification&rft.date=2005&rft.au=PXI+Systems+Alliance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pxisa.org%2Fuserfiles%2Ffiles%2FSpecifications%2FPXIEXPRESS_HW_SPEC_R1.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APCI+eXtensions+for+Instrumentation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni.com/white-paper/52566/en/">"Supercharging Test and Measurement Systems with Intel Xeon CPU and PCI Express Gen 3 Technology - National Instruments"</a>. <i>www.ni.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ni.com&rft.atitle=Supercharging+Test+and+Measurement+Systems+with+Intel+Xeon+CPU+and+PCI+Express+Gen+3+Technology+-+National+Instruments&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ni.com%2Fwhite-paper%2F52566%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APCI+eXtensions+for+Instrumentation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sine.ni.com/nips/cds/view/p/lang/en/nid/10389">"PC Control of PXI"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Instruments" title="National Instruments">National Instruments</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PC+Control+of+PXI&rft.pub=National+Instruments&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsine.ni.com%2Fnips%2Fcds%2Fview%2Fp%2Flang%2Fen%2Fnid%2F10389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APCI+eXtensions+for+Instrumentation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ni.com/white-paper/12523/en/">"Introduction to PXImc - Technology for High Performance Test, Measurement & Control Applications - National Instruments"</a>. <i>www.ni.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ni.com&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+PXImc+-+Technology+for+High+Performance+Test%2C+Measurement+%26+Control+Applications+-+National+Instruments&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ni.com%2Fwhite-paper%2F12523%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APCI+eXtensions+for+Instrumentation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowe2009" class="citation news cs1">Rowe, Martin (1 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120222052445/http://www.tmworld.com/article/440758-PXI_expands_to_multiple_processors.php">"PXI expands to multiple processors"</a>. <i>Test & Measurement World</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tmworld.com/article/440758-PXI_expands_to_multiple_processors.php">the original</a> on 22 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Test+%26+Measurement+World&rft.atitle=PXI+expands+to+multiple+processors&rft.date=2009-12-01&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tmworld.com%2Farticle%2F440758-PXI_expands_to_multiple_processors.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APCI+eXtensions+for+Instrumentation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=PCI_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/System_bus" title="System bus">System bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front-side_bus" title="Front-side bus">Front-side bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back-side_bus" title="Back-side bus">Back-side bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daisy_chain_(electrical_engineering)" title="Daisy chain (electrical engineering)">Daisy chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_bus" title="Control bus">Control bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Address_bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Address bus">Address bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_contention" title="Bus contention">Bus contention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_mastering" title="Bus mastering">Bus mastering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_on_a_chip" title="Network on a chip">Network on a chip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plug_and_play" title="Plug and play">Plug and play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_interface_bit_rates#Computer_buses" title="List of interface bit rates">List of bus bandwidths</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS-50_bus" title="SS-50 bus">SS-50 bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-100_bus" title="S-100 bus">S-100 bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multibus" title="Multibus">Multibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unibus" title="Unibus">Unibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAXBI_bus" title="VAXBI bus">VAXBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBus_(SPARC)" title="MBus (SPARC)">MBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STD_Bus" title="STD Bus">STD Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Management_Bus" title="System Management Bus">SMBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-Bus" title="Q-Bus">Q-Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_Card_Bus" title="Europe Card Bus">Europe Card Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Industry Standard Architecture">ISA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEbus" title="STEbus">STEbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiga_Zorro_II" title="Amiga Zorro II">Zorro II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amiga_Zorro_III" title="Amiga Zorro III">Zorro III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_Automated_Measurement_and_Control" title="Computer Automated Measurement and Control">CAMAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FASTBUS" title="FASTBUS">FASTBUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Pin_Count" title="Low Pin Count">LPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP_Precision_Bus" title="HP Precision Bus">HP Precision Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Extended Industry Standard Architecture">EISA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMEbus" title="VMEbus">VME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VME_eXtensions_for_Instrumentation" title="VME eXtensions for Instrumentation">VXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VXS" title="VXS">VXS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VPX" title="VPX">VPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuBus" title="NuBus">NuBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TURBOchannel" title="TURBOchannel">TURBOchannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro_Channel_architecture" title="Micro Channel architecture">MCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBus" title="SBus">SBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VESA_Local_Bus" title="VESA Local Bus">VLB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSC_bus" title="GSC bus">HP GSC bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InfiniBand" title="InfiniBand">InfiniBand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Port_Architecture" title="Ultra Port Architecture">UPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI-X" title="PCI-X">PCI Extended (PCI-X)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">PXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_Express" title="PCI Express">PCI Express (PCIe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port" title="Accelerated Graphics Port">AGP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compute_Express_Link" title="Compute Express Link">Compute Express Link (CXL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Media_Interface" title="Direct Media Interface">Direct Media Interface (DMI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RapidIO" title="RapidIO">RapidIO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_QuickPath_Interconnect" title="Intel QuickPath Interconnect">Intel QuickPath Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NVLink" title="NVLink">NVLink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HyperTransport" title="HyperTransport">HyperTransport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Infinity_Fabric" class="mw-redirect" title="Infinity Fabric">Infinity Fabric</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_Ultra_Path_Interconnect" title="Intel Ultra Path Interconnect">Intel Ultra Path Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coherent_Accelerator_Processor_Interface" title="Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface">Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceWire" title="SpaceWire">SpaceWire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ST-506/ST-412" title="ST-506/ST-412">ST-506</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Small_Disk_Interface" title="Enhanced Small Disk Interface">ESDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligent_Peripheral_Interface" title="Intelligent Peripheral Interface">IPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storage_Module_Device" title="Storage Module Device">SMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_ATA" title="Parallel ATA">Parallel ATA (PATA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_and_Tag" title="Bus and Tag">Bus and Tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Storage_Systems_Interconnect" title="Digital Storage Systems Interconnect">DSSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIPPI" title="HIPPI">HIPPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SATA" title="SATA">Serial ATA (SATA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SCSI" title="SCSI">SCSI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_SCSI" title="Parallel SCSI">Parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Attached_SCSI" title="Serial Attached SCSI">SAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESCON" title="ESCON">ESCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibre_Channel" title="Fibre Channel">Fibre Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Storage_Architecture" title="Serial Storage Architecture">SSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SATA_Express" title="SATA Express">SATAe</a></li> <li>PCI Express (via <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Host_Controller_Interface" title="Advanced Host Controller Interface">AHCI</a> or <a href="/wiki/NVM_Express" title="NVM Express">NVMe</a> logical device interface)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peripheral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Desktop_Bus" title="Apple Desktop Bus">Apple Desktop Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atari_SIO" title="Atari SIO">Atari SIO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Control_Bus" title="Digital Control Bus">DCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_bus" title="Commodore bus">Commodore bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HP-IL" title="HP-IL">HP-IL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIL_bus" title="HIL bus">HIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIDI" title="MIDI">MIDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-232" title="RS-232">RS-232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-422" title="RS-422">RS-422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-423" title="RS-423">RS-423</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-485" title="RS-485">RS-485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_(connector)" title="Lightning (connector)">Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DMX512#DMX512-A" title="DMX512">DMX512-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE-488" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE-488">IEEE-488 (GPIB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1284" title="IEEE 1284">IEEE-1284 (parallel port)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1394" title="IEEE 1394">IEEE-1394 (FireWire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNI/O" title="UNI/O">UNI/O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1-Wire" title="1-Wire">1-Wire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C2%B2C" title="I²C">I²C</a> (<a href="/wiki/ACCESS.bus" title="ACCESS.bus">ACCESS.bus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Power_Management_Bus" title="Power Management Bus">PMBus</a>, <a href="/wiki/System_Management_Bus" title="System Management Bus">SMBus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I3C_(bus)" title="I3C (bus)">I3C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface" title="Serial Peripheral Interface">SPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61030" title="IEC 61030">D²B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_SCSI" title="Parallel SCSI">Parallel SCSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Profibus" title="Profibus">Profibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camera_Link" title="Camera Link">Camera Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCI_Express#PCI_Express_External_Cabling" title="PCI Express">External PCIe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunderbolt_(interface)" title="Thunderbolt (interface)">Thunderbolt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADAT_Lightpipe" title="ADAT Lightpipe">ADAT Lightpipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AES3" title="AES3">AES3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intel_High_Definition_Audio" title="Intel High Definition Audio">Intel HD Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C2%B2S" title="I²S">I²S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MADI" title="MADI">MADI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McASP" title="McASP">McASP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S/PDIF" title="S/PDIF">S/PDIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOSLINK" title="TOSLINK">TOSLINK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PC_Card" title="PC Card">PC Card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExpressCard" title="ExpressCard">ExpressCard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Embedded</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multidrop_bus" title="Multidrop bus">Multidrop bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoreConnect" title="CoreConnect">CoreConnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Microcontroller_Bus_Architecture" title="Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture">AMBA</a> (<a href="/wiki/Advanced_eXtensible_Interface" title="Advanced eXtensible Interface">AXI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wishbone_(computer_bus)" title="Wishbone (computer bus)">Wishbone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SLIMbus" title="SLIMbus">SLIMbus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.</small><br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Computer_buses" 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