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These cookies are not shared with any third parties. In addition, your IP address and browser information is stored in server logs and used to generate anonymized usage statistics. Your institution uses these statistics to gauge the use of library content, and the information is not shared with any third parties."; springSpace.cookieConsentConfig = { placement: 'bottom', consent_message: "This site uses cookies and records your IP address for usage statistics. <a id=\"s-ui-cc-read-more-link\">Read More<\/a>", read_more_callback: function () { springSpace.UI.alert({ height: 400, width: 400, title: "Privacy Notification", content: springSpace.cookieConsentReadMore, focus_on_close: false }); } }; springSpace.cookieConsent.alert(springSpace.cookieConsentConfig); </script> <script> var springStats = springStats || {}; springStats.saConfig = springStats.saConfig || { site_id: 5032, tracking_parameters: {"_st_guide_id":228117,"_st_page_id":1512634,"_st_site_id":5032}, tracking_server_host: "libguides-proc-eu.springyaws.com" }; </script> <script src="https://static-assets-eu.libguides.com/web/js/sa.min.js?3116"></script> <script> springSpace.Common = springSpace.Common || { }; springSpace.Common.constant = { PROCESSING: { ACTION_DISPLAY_POLL: 159 } }; springSpace.Common.baseURL = "https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/"; handleScroll=function() { if (false) { var target_elt = "#s-lg-page-section-1512634"; jQuery("html, body").animate({ scrollTop: jQuery(target_elt).offset().top }, 750); if (jQuery(this).scrollTop() > 220) { jQuery("#s-lib-scroll-top").fadeIn(750); } } } </script> <script> // Enable tooltips. jQuery(function () { try { springSpace.UI.initPopOvers(); jQuery(".az-bs-tooltip").tooltip(); } catch (e) { } }); jQuery(document).ready(function () { springSpace.springTrack.trackPage({_st_type_id: '1',_st_group_id: '14342',_st_guide_id: '228117',_st_page_id: '1512634'}); }); jQuery(document).ready(function() { handleScroll(); }); </script><!-- BEGIN: Analytics code --><script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), 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class="campl-main-logo"><img alt="University of Cambridge" src="http://www.cam.ac.uk//profiles/cambridge/themes/cambridge_theme/images/interface/main-logo-small.png" width="148px"> </a> <ul class="campl-global-navigation"> <li> <a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/home">LibGuides</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.libraries.cam.ac.uk/">Cambridge Libraries</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="jumbotron u-overlay" style=" background: #106470 url('https://libapps-eu.s3.amazonaws.com/accounts/37989/images/studyskills_1.jpeg'); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: center center; background-size: cover; height: 222px; width: 100%; "> <div class="container"> <h1>Study Skills</h1> </div> </div><!-- END: Page Header --> <!-- BEGIN: Guide Info Header --> <div id="s-lg-guide-header" class="container s-lib-header s-lib-side-borders"> <nav id="s-lib-bc" aria-label="breadcrumb"> <ol id="s-lib-bc-list" class="breadcrumb"><li id="s-lib-bc-customer" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://www.libraries.cam.ac.uk">Cambridge Libraries</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-site" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/">LibGuides</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-group" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/skills">Study skills</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-guide" class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/referencemanagement">Reference Management</a></li><li id="s-lib-bc-page" class="active breadcrumb-item">Home</li></ol> </nav> <div class="pull-right"> <div id="s-lg-guide-header-search"> <div id="s-lg-guide-search-box"> <form role="search" id="s-lg-guide-search-form" action="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/srch.php" method="GET"> <div class="input-group input-group-sm"> <input type="text" id="s-lg-guide-search-terms" name="q" class="form-control" maxlength="260" placeholder="Search this Guide"> <label class="sr-only" for="s-lg-guide-search-terms">Search this Guide</label><input type="hidden" name="guide_id" value="228117" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Search</button></span></div></form></div> </div> </div> <div id="s-lg-guide-header-info"> <h1 id="s-lg-guide-name">Reference Management: Home</h1> <div id="s-lg-guide-desc-container"> <span id="s-lg-guide-description"></span> </div> </div> </div> <!-- END: Guide Info Header --> <div id="s-lg-tabs-container" class="container s-lib-side-borders pad-top-med"> <div id="s-lg-guide-tabs" class="tabs" role="navigation" aria-label="Guide Pages"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs split-button-nav"> <li class="active"><a title="" class="active" href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/referencemanagement/subjects" ><span>Home</span></a></li><li class=""><a title="" class="" href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/referencemanagement/tools" ><span>Tips and tools</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="s-lg-guide-tabs-title-bar" class="container s-lib-side-borders"></div> <!-- BEGIN: Guide Content --> <div id="s-lg-guide-main" class="container s-lib-main s-lib-side-borders" tabindex="-1"> <div class="row s-lg-row"><div id="s-lg-col-126" class="col-md-12"><div class="s-lg-col-boxes"></div></div></div><div class="row s-lg-row"><div id="s-lg-col-1" class="col-md-4"><div class="s-lg-col-boxes"><div id="s-lg-box-wrapper-8921895" class="s-lg-box-wrapper-8921895"><div id="s-lg-box-7571023-container" class="s-lib-box-container"> <div id="s-lg-box-7571023" class="s-lib-box s-lib-box-std"> <h2 class="s-lib-box-title">Referencing advice: Sciences & Technology</h2><div id="s-lg-box-collapse-7571023" > <div class="s-lib-box-content"> <div class=""><ul id="s-lg-link-list-17280790" class="s-lg-link-list s-lg-link-list-2"><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093457" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/astronomy/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093457',_st_inc_return: this});">Astronomy</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093497" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/biochem/helpandsupport" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093497',_st_inc_return: this});">Biochemistry</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093465" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/chemistry/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093465',_st_inc_return: this});">Chemistry</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093469" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/clinical-medicine/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093469',_st_inc_return: this});">Clinical Medicine</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093473" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/computerscience/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093473',_st_inc_return: this});">Computer Science</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093490" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/earthsci/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093490',_st_inc_return: this});">Earth Sciences</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15192616" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/engineering/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15192616',_st_inc_return: this});">Engineering</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093480" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/genetics/helpandsupport" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093480',_st_inc_return: this});">Genetics</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093483" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/geography/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093483',_st_inc_return: this});">Geography</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093506" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/materialsscience/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093506',_st_inc_return: this});">Materials Science</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093512" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/maths/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093512',_st_inc_return: this});">Maths</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093515" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/physics/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093515',_st_inc_return: this});">Physics</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093626" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/PDN/help" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093626',_st_inc_return: this});">Physiology</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093517" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/plantsciences/helpandsupport" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093517',_st_inc_return: this});">Plant Sciences</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-24632685" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/polar_studies/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '24632685',_st_inc_return: this});">Polar Studies</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093522" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/psychology-guide/helpandsupport" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093522',_st_inc_return: this});">Psychology</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093618" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/vetmed/help" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093618',_st_inc_return: this});">Veterinary Medicine</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093624" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/zoology/help" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093624',_st_inc_return: this});">Zoology</a></span></div></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div><div id="s-lg-col-2" class="col-md-4"><div class="s-lg-col-boxes"><div id="s-lg-box-wrapper-8921906" class="s-lg-box-wrapper-8921906"><div id="s-lg-box-7571032-container" class="s-lib-box-container"> <div id="s-lg-box-7571032" class="s-lib-box s-lib-box-std"> <h2 class="s-lib-box-title">Referencing advice: Social Sciences</h2><div id="s-lg-box-collapse-7571032" > <div class="s-lib-box-content"> <div class=""><ul id="s-lg-link-list-17280329" class="s-lg-link-list s-lg-link-list-2"><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093045" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/archanth/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093045',_st_inc_return: this});">Archaeology and Anthropology</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093050" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/economics/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093050',_st_inc_return: this});">Economics</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093052" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/education/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093052',_st_inc_return: this});">Education</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093058" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/history/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093058',_st_inc_return: this});">History</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093070" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/hps/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093070',_st_inc_return: this});">History and Philosophy of Science</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093059" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/landeconomy/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093059',_st_inc_return: this});">Land Economy</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093065" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/Law/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093065',_st_inc_return: this});">Law</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093397" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/cjbsdatabases/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093397',_st_inc_return: this});">Management Studies</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-32746067" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/POLIS/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '32746067',_st_inc_return: this});">Politics and International Studies</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093573" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/psychology-guide/helpandsupport" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093573',_st_inc_return: this});">Psychology</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093158" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/sociology/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093158',_st_inc_return: this});">Sociology</a></span></div></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="s-lg-box-wrapper-14397573" class="s-lg-box-wrapper-14397573"><div id="s-lg-box-12203827-container" class="s-lib-box-container"> <div id="s-lg-box-12203827" class="s-lib-box s-lib-box-std"> <h2 class="s-lib-box-title">Referencing information for specific formats</h2><div id="s-lg-box-collapse-12203827" > <div class="s-lib-box-content"> <div class=""><ul id="s-lg-link-list-28463532" class="s-lg-link-list s-lg-link-list-2"><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-25719604" class=""><span><a href="http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/collections/departments/maps/links/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '25719604',_st_inc_return: this});">Maps</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-25719617" class=""><span><a href="http://bufvc.ac.uk/projects-research/avcitation" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '25719617',_st_inc_return: this});">Audio-Visual</a></span></div></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div><div id="s-lg-col-3" class="col-md-4"><div class="s-lg-col-boxes"><div id="s-lg-box-wrapper-8921909" class="s-lg-box-wrapper-8921909"><div id="s-lg-box-7571034-container" class="s-lib-box-container"> <div id="s-lg-box-7571034" class="s-lib-box s-lib-box-std"> <h2 class="s-lib-box-title">Referencing advice: Arts & Humanities</h2><div id="s-lg-box-collapse-7571034" > <div class="s-lib-box-content"> <div class=""><ul id="s-lg-link-list-17280057" class="s-lg-link-list s-lg-link-list-2"><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15092823" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/asnc/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15092823',_st_inc_return: this});">Anglo-Saxon, Norse & Celtic</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15092833" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/architecture-art/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15092833',_st_inc_return: this});">Architecture & History of Art</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093241" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/ames/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093241',_st_inc_return: this});">Asian and Middle Eastern Studies</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093170" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/classics/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093170',_st_inc_return: this});">Classics</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093218" class=""><span><a href="https://libguides.cam.ac.uk/english/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093218',_st_inc_return: this});">English Literature</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093223" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/linguistics/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093223',_st_inc_return: this});">Linguistics</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093231" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/MMLL/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093231',_st_inc_return: this});">Modern and Medieval Languages</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093234" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/music/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093234',_st_inc_return: this});">Music</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093239" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/philosophy/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093239',_st_inc_return: this});">Philosophy</a></span></div></li><li class=""><div id="s-lg-content-15093451" class=""><span><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/Theology/referencing" target="_blank" onclick="return springSpace.springTrack.trackLink({link: this,_st_type_id: '2',_st_content_id: '15093451',_st_inc_return: this});">Theology & Religious Studies</a></span></div></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="s-lg-box-wrapper-9459430" class="s-lg-box-wrapper-9459430"><div id="s-lg-box-8018555-container" class="s-lib-box-container"> <div id="s-lg-box-8018555" class="s-lib-box s-lib-box-std"> <h2 class="s-lib-box-title">More information</h2><div id="s-lg-box-collapse-8018555" > <div class="s-lib-box-content"> <div id="s-lg-content-16064797" class=" clearfix"> <p>To find out more about the University of Cambridge’s view on plagiarism and good academic practice, as well as further advice on how and when to reference, visit these guidance pages.</p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.plagiarism.admin.cam.ac.uk/">https://www.plagiarism.admin.cam.ac.uk/</a></li> <li><a href="http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/plagiarism">http://libguides.cam.ac.uk/plagiarism</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="row s-lg-row"><div id="s-lg-col-127" class="col-md-12"><div class="s-lg-col-boxes"></div></div></div> <ul id="s-lg-page-prevnext" class="pager s-lib-hide"><li class="previous"></li><li class="next"><a 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