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<li id="toc-Coat_of_arms:_charges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms:_charges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Coat of arms: charges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms:_charges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Motto" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motto"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Motto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fasces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fasces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Fasces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fasces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Branches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>Branches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_devices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_devices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>External devices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_devices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-13th_century_–_1870:_Arms_of_dominion_/_French_Revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#13th_century_–_1870:_Arms_of_dominion_/_French_Revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>13th century – 1870: Arms of dominion / French Revolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-13th_century_–_1870:_Arms_of_dominion_/_French_Revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1870–1905:_Period_without_any_national_coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1870–1905:_Period_without_any_national_coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>1870–1905: Period without any national coat of arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1870–1905:_Period_without_any_national_coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1905–present:_Adoption_and_modifications_in_external_devices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1905–present:_Adoption_and_modifications_in_external_devices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1905–present: Adoption and modifications in external devices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1905–present:_Adoption_and_modifications_in_external_devices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Usage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Coat of arms of France</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="شعار فرنسا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعار فرنسا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escudo_de_Francia" title="Escudo de Francia – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Escudo de Francia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_nacional_de_Francia" title="Emblema nacional de Francia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Emblema nacional de Francia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransa_gerbi" title="Fransa gerbi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fransa gerbi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Герб Францыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Герб Францыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Нацыянальны сымбаль Францыі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нацыянальны сымбаль Францыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Емблема на Франция – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Емблема на Франция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb_Francuske" title="Grb Francuske – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Grb Francuske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardamezio%C3%B9_Fra%C3%B1s" title="Ardamezioù Frañs – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ardamezioù Frañs" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_nacional_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Emblema nacional de França – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Emblema nacional de França" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1tn%C3%AD_znak_Francie" title="Státní znak Francie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Státní znak Francie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankrigs_nationalv%C3%A5ben" title="Frankrigs nationalvåben – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frankrigs nationalvåben" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoheitszeichen_Frankreichs" title="Hoheitszeichen Frankreichs – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hoheitszeichen Frankreichs" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Έμβλημα της Γαλλικής Δημοκρατίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έμβλημα της Γαλλικής Δημοκρατίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_nacional_de_Francia" title="Emblema nacional de Francia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Emblema nacional de Francia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblemo_de_Francio" title="Emblemo de Francio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Emblemo de Francio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="نشان ملی فرانسه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نشان ملی فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoiries_de_la_France" title="Armoiries de la France – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Armoiries de la France" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_de_Francia" title="Emblema de Francia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Emblema de Francia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%AD%EC%9E%A5" title="프랑스의 국장 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑스의 국장" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb_Francuske" title="Grb Francuske – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Grb Francuske" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ফ্রান্সর চিনত্হান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="ফ্রান্সর চিনত্হান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambang_Prancis" title="Lambang Prancis – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lambang Prancis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stemma_della_Francia" title="Stemma della Francia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stemma della Francia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C_%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA" title="סמל צרפת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמל צרפת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="საფრანგეთის ეროვნული ემბლემა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საფრანგეთის ეროვნული ემბლემა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francijas_%C4%A3erbonis" title="Francijas ģerbonis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Francijas ģerbonis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranc%C5%ABzijos_herbas" title="Prancūzijos herbas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Prancūzijos herbas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciaorsz%C3%A1g_c%C3%ADmere" title="Franciaország címere – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Franciaország címere" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Грб на Франција – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Грб на Франција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="شعار فرنسا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شعار فرنسا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B3%D1%8D_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Францын төрийн бэлгэ тэмдэг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Францын төрийн бэлгэ тэмдэг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embleem_van_Frankrijk" title="Embleem van Frankrijk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Embleem van Frankrijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%A0" title="フランスの国章 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランスの国章" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankrikes_riksv%C3%A5pen" title="Frankrikes riksvåpen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Frankrikes riksvåpen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_franske_nasjonalv%C3%A5penet" title="Det franske nasjonalvåpenet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Det franske nasjonalvåpenet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فرانس دا نشان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فرانس دا نشان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/God%C5%82o_Francji" title="Godło Francji – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Godło Francji" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblema_nacional_da_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Emblema nacional da França – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Emblema nacional da França" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stema_Fran%C8%9Bei" title="Stema Franței – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stema Franței" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Эмблема Франции – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эмблема Франции" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naitional_Seembol_o_Fraunce" title="Naitional Seembol o Fraunce – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Naitional Seembol o Fraunce" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stema_e_Franc%C3%ABs" title="Stema e Francës – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stema e Francës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_France" title="Coat of arms of France – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Coat of arms of France" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B1_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Грб Француске – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Грб Француске" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grb_Francuske" title="Grb Francuske – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grb Francuske" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranskan_vaakuna" title="Ranskan vaakuna – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ranskan vaakuna" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankrikes_riksvapen" title="Frankrikes riksvapen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Frankrikes riksvapen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Франция милли символы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Франция милли символы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9C%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="ตราแผ่นดินของฝรั่งเศส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตราแผ่นดินของฝรั่งเศส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransa_armas%C4%B1" title="Fransa arması – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fransa arması" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Емблема Франції – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Емблема Франції" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BB%91c_huy_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Quốc huy Pháp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quốc huy 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the heraldic emblem of France. For the diplomatic emblem, see <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_emblem_of_France" title="Diplomatic emblem of France">Diplomatic emblem of France</a>. For other national symbols, see <a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_France" title="National symbols of France">National symbols of France</a>. For the <a href="/wiki/Charge_(heraldry)" title="Charge (heraldry)">heraldic charge</a> traditionally depicted on the national and royal arms, see <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">Fleur-de-lis</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Unofficial emblem of France</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #369; color: white">Unofficial coat of arms of France</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg/152px-Arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="152" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg/228px-Arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg/304px-Arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="364" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #369; color: white">Versions<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg/196px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="196" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg/294px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg/392px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="929" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Achievement_(heraldry)" title="Achievement (heraldry)">Achievement</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Armiger" title="Armiger">Armiger</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French Republic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Adopted</th><td class="infobox-data">1905<span class="noprint">; 120 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1905</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-elysee_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elysee-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Crest_(heraldry)" title="Crest (heraldry)">Crest</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wreath" title="Wreath">Wreath</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Shield_(heraldry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shield (heraldry)">Shield</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Azure, a <a href="/wiki/Lictor" title="Lictor">lictor</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">fasces</a> palewise upon two branches, of oak and of laurel, crossed in saltire, all or, surmounted by a ribbon of the same charged with the motto in letters sable: "<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9,_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9,_fraternit%C3%A9" title="Liberté, égalité, fraternité">LIBERTÉ, ÉGALITÉ, FRATERNITÉ</a></i></span>"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Order_(distinction)" title="Order (distinction)">Order(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Star and grand <a href="/wiki/Collar_(order)" title="Collar (order)">collar</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a><br />(current version since 1953)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Earlier version(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">See <i><a href="#History">history</a></i></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>coat of arms of France</b> is an unofficial emblem of the <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French Republic</a>. It depicts a <a href="/wiki/Lictor" title="Lictor">lictor</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">fasces</a> upon branches of laurel and oak, as well as a ribbon bearing the national motto of <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9,_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9,_fraternit%C3%A9" title="Liberté, égalité, fraternité">Liberté, égalité, fraternité</a></i></span>. The full <a href="/wiki/Achievement_(heraldry)" title="Achievement (heraldry)">achievement</a> includes the star and grand collar of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a>. This composition was created in 1905 (during the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a>) by heraldic <a href="/wiki/Peintre-graveur" title="Peintre-graveur">painter-engraver</a> Maurice de Meyère,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it has been used at the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)">Foreign Ministry</a> during state visits and for presidential inaugurations. </p><p>The country is traditionally associated with the <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleurs-de-lis</a> design, which came into use by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">French kings</a> during the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a>. This design still represents France and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> in the form of <a href="/wiki/Heraldry#Marshalling" title="Heraldry">marshalling</a>, such as in the arms of <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Spain" title="Coat of arms of Spain">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec" title="Coat of arms of Quebec">Quebec</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Canada" title="Coat of arms of Canada">Canada</a>. The fleur-de-lis was also the symbol of <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Île-de-France</a>, the core of the French kingdom, and the arms of many French communes. </p><p>The only national symbol specified in the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_France" title="Constitution of France">present constitution</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">tricolour flag</a> in Article 2.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Devices">Devices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Devices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Blazon" title="Blazon">blazoning</a> is:<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Azure, a <a href="/wiki/Lictor" title="Lictor">lictor</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">fasces</a> palewise upon two branches, of oak and of laurel, crossed in saltire, all or, surmounted by a ribbon of the same charged with the motto in letters sable: "<span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9,_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9,_fraternit%C3%A9" title="Liberté, égalité, fraternité">LIBERTÉ, ÉGALITÉ, FRATERNITÉ</a></i></span>". The shield is surrounded by the Grand Collar of the Order of the Legion of Honor proper, the cross suspended from it in base.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coat_of_arms:_charges">Coat of arms: charges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Coat of arms: charges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Motto">Motto</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Motto"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9,_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9,_fraternit%C3%A9" title="Liberté, égalité, fraternité">Liberté, égalité, fraternité</a></div> <p><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Liberté, égalité, fraternité</i></span> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[libɛʁte<span class="wrap"> </span>eɡalite<span class="wrap"> </span>fʁatɛʁnite]</a></span>; "<a href="/wiki/Liberty" title="Liberty">liberty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_equality" title="Social equality">equality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fraternity_(philosophy)" title="Fraternity (philosophy)">fraternity</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-FrEmb_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FrEmb-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the <a href="/wiki/National_motto" class="mw-redirect" title="National motto">national motto</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, and is an example of a <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_motto" class="mw-redirect" title="Tripartite motto">tripartite motto</a>. Although it finds its origins in the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, it was then only one motto among others and was not institutionalized until the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a> at the end of the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-Ozouf_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ozouf-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fasces">Fasces</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fasces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Fasces#France" title="Fasces">Fasces § France</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Symbolism_in_the_French_Revolution#Fasces" title="Symbolism in the French Revolution">Symbolism in the French Revolution § Fasces</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">Fasces</a> are a bundle of birch rods containing a sacrificial axe. In Roman times, the fasces symbolized the power of magistrates, representing union and accord with the Roman Republic. French architects began to use the Roman fasces (<i>faisceaux romains</i>) as a decorative device during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a> (1610–1643),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the imagery of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> used references to the ancient <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> to an even greater extent. During the <a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">First Republic</a>, topped by the <a href="/wiki/Phrygian_cap" title="Phrygian cap">Phrygian cap</a>, the fasces is a tribute to the Roman Republic and means that power belongs to the people. It also symbolizes the "unity and indivisibility of the Republic",<sup id="cite_ref-elysee1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elysee1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as stated in the <a href="/wiki/French_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="French Constitution">French Constitution</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Branches">Branches</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Branches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Oak#National_symbol" title="Oak">Oak § National symbol</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Laurel_wreath#As_used_in_heraldry" title="Laurel wreath">Laurel wreath § As used in heraldry</a></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a> is France's <a href="/wiki/National_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="National tree">national tree</a>, and a common <a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">symbol</a> of <a href="/wiki/Virtue" title="Virtue">strength</a> and <a href="/wiki/Endurance" title="Endurance">endurance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Bay_laurel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay laurel">bay laurel</a> (<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Laurus nobilis</i></span>) branch, an aromatic broadleaf evergreen, or later from spineless butcher's broom (<i><a href="/wiki/Ruscus_hypoglossum" title="Ruscus hypoglossum">Ruscus hypoglossum</a></i>) or cherry laurel (<i><a href="/wiki/Prunus_laurocerasus" title="Prunus laurocerasus">Prunus laurocerasus</a></i>). It is a <a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">symbol</a> of triumph, which traces back to <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>. <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> is represented wearing a laurel wreath on his head, and wreaths were awarded to victors in athletic competitions, including the ancient <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games" title="Ancient Olympic Games">Olympics</a> — for which they were made of wild olive-tree known as <i>"<a href="/wiki/Kotinos" class="mw-redirect" title="Kotinos">kotinos</a>"</i> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κότινος</span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-LSJ_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LSJ-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (sc. at <a href="/wiki/Olympia,_Greece" title="Olympia, Greece">Olympia</a>)—and in poetic meets. In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Rome</a> they were symbols of martial victory, crowning a successful commander during his <a href="/wiki/Roman_triumph" title="Roman triumph">triumph</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="External_devices">External devices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External devices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Star and grand collar of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a>, which is the highest French <a href="/wiki/Order_of_merit" title="Order of merit">order of merit</a> for <a href="/wiki/Military" title="Military">military</a> and civil merits, established in 1802 by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon Bonaparte</a> and retained by all later French governments and régimes. The <a href="/wiki/Achievement_(heraldry)" title="Achievement (heraldry)">achievement</a> includes the order's grand collar, which is worn only by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a>, as Grand Master of the order.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="13th_century_–_1870:_Arms_of_dominion_/_French_Revolution"><span id="13th_century_.E2.80.93_1870:_Arms_of_dominion_.2F_French_Revolution"></span>13th century – 1870: Arms of dominion / French Revolution</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 13th century – 1870: Arms of dominion / French Revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/French_heraldry" title="French heraldry">French heraldry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis#France" title="Fleur-de-lis">Fleur-de-lis § France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France#History" title="Flag of France">Flag of France § History</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Symbolism_in_the_French_Revolution" title="Symbolism in the French Revolution">Symbolism in the French Revolution</a></div> <p>French kings and emperors had personal <a href="/wiki/Arms_of_dominion" title="Arms of dominion">arms of dominion</a>, which by extension also represented France. The <i><a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleur-de-lis</a></i> was used by French kings since the Middle Ages, which were followed by the <a href="/wiki/French_Imperial_Eagle" title="French Imperial Eagle">Napoleonic eagle</a> designs after the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleur-de-lis</a> is still popular, and used by overseas people of French heritage, like the <a href="/wiki/Acadians" title="Acadians">Acadians</a>, <a href="/wiki/French-speaking_Quebecer" class="mw-redirect" title="French-speaking Quebecer">Québécois</a> or <a href="/wiki/Cajun" class="mw-redirect" title="Cajun">Cajuns</a>. The Napoleonic eagle is also used by <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bernadotte" title="House of Bernadotte">Swedish royal house</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Period </th> <th width="10%">Dates used </th> <th width="20%"><a href="/wiki/Escutcheon_(heraldry)" title="Escutcheon (heraldry)">Coat of arms</a> </th> <th width="20%"><a href="/wiki/Achievement_(heraldry)" title="Achievement (heraldry)">Achievement</a> </th> <th width="20%"><a href="/wiki/Banner_of_arms" title="Banner of arms">Banner of arms</a> </th> <th width="70%">Description and blazon </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom</a> </td> <td align="center">Before 1305 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France_Ancient" title="France Ancient"><img alt="France Ancient" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_(Ancien).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="507" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France_(XII-XIII).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of France Ancient: <i><a href="/wiki/Azure_(heraldry)" title="Azure (heraldry)">Azure</a> <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">semé-de-lis</a> <a href="/wiki/Or_(heraldry)" title="Or (heraldry)">or</a></i> The historical coat of arms of France were the golden fleurs-de-lys on a blue field, used continuously for nearly six centuries (1211–1792). Although according to legend they originated at the baptism of <a href="/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I">Clovis</a>, who supposedly replaced the three toads that adorned his shield with three lilies given by an angel, they are first documented only from the early 13th century. They were first shown as <i><a href="/wiki/Variation_of_the_field#semé" title="Variation of the field">semé</a></i>, that is to say without any definite number and staggered (known as France <a href="/wiki/Ancient_and_modern_arms" title="Ancient and modern arms">ancient</a>), but in 1376 they were reduced to three, (known as France <a href="/wiki/Ancient_and_modern_arms" title="Ancient and modern arms">modern</a>). With this decision, King <a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a> intended to place the kingdom under the double invocation of the Virgin (the lily is a symbol of Mary), and the Trinity, for the number. The traditional supporters of the French royal arms are two angels, sometimes wearing a heraldic dalmatic. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1305–1328 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Navarre_(1285-1328).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Navarre_%281285-1328%29.svg/120px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Navarre_%281285-1328%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Navarre_%281285-1328%29.svg/180px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Navarre_%281285-1328%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Navarre_%281285-1328%29.svg/240px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Navarre_%281285-1328%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="776" data-file-height="922" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%26_Navarre_(Ancien).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%26_Navarre_%28Ancien%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%26_Navarre_%28Ancien%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%26_Navarre_%28Ancien%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%26_Navarre_%28Ancien%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%26_Navarre_%28Ancien%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%26_Navarre_%28Ancien%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="507" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_None_(square).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td>Arms of France Ancient <a href="/wiki/Dimidiation" title="Dimidiation">dimidiated</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Navarre" title="Coat of arms of Navarre">arms of Navarre</a>, after king <a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis X</a> inherited Navare from his mother <a href="/wiki/Joan_I_of_Navarre" title="Joan I of Navarre">Joan I of Navarre</a> in 1305. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1328–1376 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France_Ancient" title="France Ancient"><img alt="France Ancient" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Kings_of_France_%28France_Ancien%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_(Ancien).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Ancien%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="507" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France_(XII-XIII).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of France Ancient: <i><a href="/wiki/Azure_(heraldry)" title="Azure (heraldry)">Azure</a> <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">semé-de-lis</a> <a href="/wiki/Or_(heraldry)" title="Or (heraldry)">or</a></i>. After the death of the last direct Capetian in 1328, the kingdom of France passed to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">house of Valois</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Salic_law" title="Salic law">Salic law</a>, and Navarre passed to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Evreux" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Evreux">house of Evreux</a> through female line. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1376–1469 </td> <td align="center" rowspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France_Modern" title="France Modern"><img alt="France Modern" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="701" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_(Moderne).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Moderne%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Moderne%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Moderne%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Moderne%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Moderne%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_France_%28Moderne%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="331" data-file-height="507" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="5"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France_(XIV-XVI).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of France Modern: <i><a href="/wiki/Azure_(heraldry)" title="Azure (heraldry)">Azure</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleurs-de-lis</a> <a href="/wiki/Or_(heraldry)" title="Or (heraldry)">or</a></i>, a simplified version of France Ancient </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1469–1515 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Valois_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Valois_France.svg/150px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Valois_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Valois_France.svg/225px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Valois_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Valois_France.svg/300px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Valois_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="843" data-file-height="648" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of France Modern. After the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Michael" title="Order of Saint Michael">Order of Saint Michael</a> in 1469, its collar was added to the royal arms. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1515–1578 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_France_1515-1578.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Coat_of_arms_of_France_1515-1578.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_France_1515-1578.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Coat_of_arms_of_France_1515-1578.svg/225px-Coat_of_arms_of_France_1515-1578.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Coat_of_arms_of_France_1515-1578.svg/300px-Coat_of_arms_of_France_1515-1578.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="922" data-file-height="734" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of France Modern. King <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> changed the open crown traditionally used by his predecessors for a closed one. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1578–1589 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/150px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/225px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/300px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="895" data-file-height="879" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of France Modern. After the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Spirit" title="Order of the Holy Spirit">Order of the Holy Spirit</a> in 1578, its collar was added to the royal arms. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1589–1792 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_France_and_Navarre_(1589-1790).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Arms_of_France_and_Navarre_%281589-1790%29.svg/150px-Arms_of_France_and_Navarre_%281589-1790%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Arms_of_France_and_Navarre_%281589-1790%29.svg/225px-Arms_of_France_and_Navarre_%281589-1790%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Arms_of_France_and_Navarre_%281589-1790%29.svg/300px-Arms_of_France_and_Navarre_%281589-1790%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="403" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg/146px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="146" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg/218px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg/291px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="1585" /></a></span> </td> <td>The royal arms of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a> after the conclusion of the <a href="/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion" title="French Wars of Religion">French Wars of Religion</a>. Again the arms of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Navarre" title="Kingdom of Navarre">Kingdom of Navarre</a> impaled with France Moderne, indicating the <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a> of the two realms as a result of <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV</a> becoming king. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">First Republic</a> </td> <td align="center">1791–1804 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg/240px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="962" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg/240px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_First_French_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="962" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_None_(square).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td>Putative heraldic emblem of the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="First French Republic">First French Republic</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First Empire</a> </td> <td align="center">1804–1814/1815 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="594" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_(1804-1815).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg/150px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg/225px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg/300px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%281804-1815%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2229" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_None_(square).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First French Empire</a> of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I of France">Napoleon I</a>, featuring an eagle, the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Napoleon" title="Crown of Napoleon">Crown of Napoleon</a> and inset with "golden bees" as in the tomb of King <a href="/wiki/Childeric_I" title="Childeric I">Childeric I</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a>) </td> <td align="center">1814/1815–1830 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France_Modern" title="France Modern"><img alt="France Modern" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_France_%28France_Moderne%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="701" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/144px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="144" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/216px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg/288px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="1601" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_France_(XIV-XVI).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_France_%28XIV-XVI%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td>After the <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a>, the royal <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> once more assumed the French crown. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom</a> (<a href="/wiki/July_Monarchy" title="July Monarchy">July Monarchy</a>) </td> <td align="center">1830–1831 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Arms_of_the_Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Arms_of_the_Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Arms_of_the_Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Dukes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="309" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_(1830-31).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281830-31%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281830-31%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281830-31%29.svg/225px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281830-31%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281830-31%29.svg/300px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281830-31%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="1339" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_None_(square).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td>During the <a href="/wiki/July_Monarchy" title="July Monarchy">July Monarchy</a>, the arms of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Orléans</a> were used. </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1831–1848 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_of_the_July_Monarchy_(1831-48).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Arms_of_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg/120px-Arms_of_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Arms_of_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg/180px-Arms_of_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Arms_of_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg/240px-Arms_of_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="369" data-file-height="473" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_(1831-48).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg/225px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg/300px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_July_Monarchy_%281831-48%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1092" data-file-height="1339" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_None_(square).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td>From 1831 onward, the arms of <a href="/wiki/Louis-Philippe" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Philippe">Louis-Philippe</a> were used, depicting the <a href="/wiki/Charter_of_1830" title="Charter of 1830">Charter of 1830</a>. (Stars were eventually added to the Mantling; along with addition of Supporters, a decrease of the flags to two, the addition of a helmet, the reversion to the Fleur-de-Lys Crown as one of the two Crowns, the flagpoles having spearheads and at the base were two cannons surmounted by floral branches.) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second Empire</a> </td> <td align="center">1852–1870 </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_French_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="594" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_Second_French_Empire_(1852%E2%80%931870).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Coat_of_Arms_Second_French_Empire_%281852%E2%80%931870%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_Second_French_Empire_%281852%E2%80%931870%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Coat_of_Arms_Second_French_Empire_%281852%E2%80%931870%29.svg/225px-Coat_of_Arms_Second_French_Empire_%281852%E2%80%931870%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Coat_of_Arms_Second_French_Empire_%281852%E2%80%931870%29.svg/300px-Coat_of_Arms_Second_French_Empire_%281852%E2%80%931870%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1692" data-file-height="2073" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_None_(square).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_None_%28square%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </td> <td>The arms of the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a> of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon III of France">Napoleon III</a>, again featuring an eagle, but now with the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Napoleon_III" title="Crown of Napoleon III">Crown of Napoleon III</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Examples of emblazonment</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coronation_of_Louis_VIII_and_Blanche_of_Castille_1223.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baldachin, banners and mantles (1223)"><img alt="Baldachin, banners and mantles (1223)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Coronation_of_Louis_VIII_and_Blanche_of_Castille_1223.jpg/106px-Coronation_of_Louis_VIII_and_Blanche_of_Castille_1223.jpg" decoding="async" width="106" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Coronation_of_Louis_VIII_and_Blanche_of_Castille_1223.jpg/160px-Coronation_of_Louis_VIII_and_Blanche_of_Castille_1223.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Coronation_of_Louis_VIII_and_Blanche_of_Castille_1223.jpg/213px-Coronation_of_Louis_VIII_and_Blanche_of_Castille_1223.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1656" data-file-height="1867" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baldachin" title="Baldachin">Baldachin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heraldic_banner" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraldic banner">banners</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mantle_(royal_garment)" title="Mantle (royal garment)">mantles</a> (1223)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bust_of_Charlemagne.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bust of Charlemagne (1349)"><img alt="Bust of Charlemagne (1349)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bust_of_Charlemagne.png/82px-Bust_of_Charlemagne.png" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bust_of_Charlemagne.png/124px-Bust_of_Charlemagne.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Bust_of_Charlemagne.png/165px-Bust_of_Charlemagne.png 2x" data-file-width="2528" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bust_of_Charlemagne" title="Bust of Charlemagne">Bust of Charlemagne</a> (1349)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Prise_de_Tours_en_1189.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Caparison and banners (c. 1455)"><img alt="Caparison and banners (c. 1455)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Prise_de_Tours_en_1189.jpg/120px-Prise_de_Tours_en_1189.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Prise_de_Tours_en_1189.jpg/180px-Prise_de_Tours_en_1189.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Prise_de_Tours_en_1189.jpg/240px-Prise_de_Tours_en_1189.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1687" data-file-height="1455" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Caparison" title="Caparison">Caparison</a> and banners (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1455</span>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lothar_RichardNormandie.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tent (15th century)"><img alt="Tent (15th century)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Lothar_RichardNormandie.jpg/81px-Lothar_RichardNormandie.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Lothar_RichardNormandie.jpg/122px-Lothar_RichardNormandie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Lothar_RichardNormandie.jpg/162px-Lothar_RichardNormandie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="309" data-file-height="456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tent (15th century)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_XIV_of_France.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cushion, mantle, upholstery and Joyeuse's scabbard (1701)"><img alt="Cushion, mantle, upholstery and Joyeuse's scabbard (1701)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Louis_XIV_of_France.jpg/84px-Louis_XIV_of_France.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Louis_XIV_of_France.jpg/127px-Louis_XIV_of_France.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Louis_XIV_of_France.jpg/169px-Louis_XIV_of_France.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1390" data-file-height="1975" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cushion" title="Cushion">Cushion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mantle_(royal_garment)" title="Mantle (royal garment)">mantle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upholstery" title="Upholstery">upholstery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joyeuse" title="Joyeuse">Joyeuse</a>'s scabbard (1701)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chateau_de_Blois_38.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baldachin (2010)"><img alt="Baldachin (2010)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chateau_de_Blois_38.jpg/90px-Chateau_de_Blois_38.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chateau_de_Blois_38.jpg/135px-Chateau_de_Blois_38.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Chateau_de_Blois_38.jpg/180px-Chateau_de_Blois_38.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baldachin" title="Baldachin">Baldachin</a> (2010)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blois_Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Blois_Louis-XII-Fl%C3%BCgel_Innen_Salle_des_%C3%89tats_7.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ceiling (2018)"><img alt="Ceiling (2018)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Blois_Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Blois_Louis-XII-Fl%C3%BCgel_Innen_Salle_des_%C3%89tats_7.jpg/120px-Blois_Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Blois_Louis-XII-Fl%C3%BCgel_Innen_Salle_des_%C3%89tats_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Blois_Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Blois_Louis-XII-Fl%C3%BCgel_Innen_Salle_des_%C3%89tats_7.jpg/180px-Blois_Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Blois_Louis-XII-Fl%C3%BCgel_Innen_Salle_des_%C3%89tats_7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Blois_Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Blois_Louis-XII-Fl%C3%BCgel_Innen_Salle_des_%C3%89tats_7.jpg/240px-Blois_Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Blois_Louis-XII-Fl%C3%BCgel_Innen_Salle_des_%C3%89tats_7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4350" data-file-height="3373" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ceiling (2018)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orn_ext_Mar%C3%A9chal_de_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marshal's baton (royal)"><img alt="Marshal's baton (royal)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Orn_ext_Mar%C3%A9chal_de_France.svg/103px-Orn_ext_Mar%C3%A9chal_de_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Orn_ext_Mar%C3%A9chal_de_France.svg/155px-Orn_ext_Mar%C3%A9chal_de_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Orn_ext_Mar%C3%A9chal_de_France.svg/207px-Orn_ext_Mar%C3%A9chal_de_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="726" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marshals_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Marshals of France">Marshal</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Baton_(military)" title="Baton (military)">baton</a> (royal)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bastoni_da_maresciallo,_1851-65.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marshal's baton (imperial)"><img alt="Marshal's baton (imperial)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Bastoni_da_maresciallo%2C_1851-65.jpg/120px-Bastoni_da_maresciallo%2C_1851-65.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Bastoni_da_maresciallo%2C_1851-65.jpg/180px-Bastoni_da_maresciallo%2C_1851-65.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Bastoni_da_maresciallo%2C_1851-65.jpg/240px-Bastoni_da_maresciallo%2C_1851-65.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3420" data-file-height="964" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Marshals_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Marshals of France">Marshal</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Baton_(military)" title="Baton (military)">baton</a> (imperial)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Constable_of_France_sword-J_26-IMG_1795-gradient.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grand Constable of France's scabbard"><img alt="Grand Constable of France's scabbard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Constable_of_France_sword-J_26-IMG_1795-gradient.jpg/120px-Constable_of_France_sword-J_26-IMG_1795-gradient.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Constable_of_France_sword-J_26-IMG_1795-gradient.jpg/180px-Constable_of_France_sword-J_26-IMG_1795-gradient.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Constable_of_France_sword-J_26-IMG_1795-gradient.jpg/240px-Constable_of_France_sword-J_26-IMG_1795-gradient.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="6000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Constable_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Constable of France">Grand Constable of France</a>'s scabbard</div> </li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Examples of modern marshalling</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Spain"><img alt="Coat of arms of Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Arms_of_Spain.svg/100px-Arms_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Arms_of_Spain.svg/150px-Arms_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Arms_of_Spain.svg/200px-Arms_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="359" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Spain" title="Coat of arms of Spain">Coat of arms of Spain</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_Canada_(shield).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Canada"><img alt="Coat of arms of Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Arms_of_Canada_%28shield%29.svg/96px-Arms_of_Canada_%28shield%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Arms_of_Canada_%28shield%29.svg/144px-Arms_of_Canada_%28shield%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Arms_of_Canada_%28shield%29.svg/192px-Arms_of_Canada_%28shield%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="242" data-file-height="303" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Canada" title="Coat of arms of Canada">Coat of arms of Canada</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Quebec"><img alt="Coat of arms of Quebec" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec.svg/136px-Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec.svg/181px-Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="678" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Quebec" title="Coat of arms of Quebec">Coat of arms of Quebec</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Sweden"><img alt="Coat of arms of Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Great_shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/93px-Great_shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Great_shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/140px-Great_shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Great_shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/187px-Great_shield_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="308" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden" title="Coat of arms of Sweden">Coat of arms of Sweden</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1870–1905:_Period_without_any_national_coat_of_arms"><span id="1870.E2.80.931905:_Period_without_any_national_coat_of_arms"></span>1870–1905: Period without any national coat of arms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1870–1905: Period without any national coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Freycinet,_de_Saulces_de,_Charles,_Nadar,_Gallica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Freycinet%2C_de_Saulces_de%2C_Charles%2C_Nadar%2C_Gallica.jpg/170px-Freycinet%2C_de_Saulces_de%2C_Charles%2C_Nadar%2C_Gallica.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Freycinet%2C_de_Saulces_de%2C_Charles%2C_Nadar%2C_Gallica.jpg/255px-Freycinet%2C_de_Saulces_de%2C_Charles%2C_Nadar%2C_Gallica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Freycinet%2C_de_Saulces_de%2C_Charles%2C_Nadar%2C_Gallica.jpg/340px-Freycinet%2C_de_Saulces_de%2C_Charles%2C_Nadar%2C_Gallica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1980" data-file-height="2970" /></a><figcaption>In 1881 Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Freycinet" title="Charles de Freycinet">de Freycinet</a> proposed a coat of arms that was not successfully implemented.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The state was left without a coat of arms after the proclamation of the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a> in 1870. Consequently, the façade and balconies of French embassies and consulates were sometimes decorated with quasi-heraldic emblems, such as a simple RF monogram or a lictor's fasces topped with a <a href="/wiki/Phrygian_cap" title="Phrygian cap">Phrygian cap</a>. This was lamented by diplomats, as it neither reflected the country's rich heraldic tradition nor matched other European countries' emblems.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1881 Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Freycinet" title="Charles de Freycinet">Charles de Freycinet</a> sought to address this issue by proposing arms. This first attempt was not successful. Count Horace de Choiseul, undersecretary of state in this department, invited the sculptor Francia to submit a proposal to him, which this denier<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The coin or deny+er? Makes no sense (August 2023)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> executed on the drawing of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Bin" title="Émile Bin">Émile Bin</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1905–present:_Adoption_and_modifications_in_external_devices"><span id="1905.E2.80.93present:_Adoption_and_modifications_in_external_devices"></span>1905–present: Adoption and modifications in external devices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1905–present: Adoption and modifications in external devices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>King <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII" title="Alfonso XIII">Alfonso XIII</a> of Spain's official visit to France in 1905, as well as preceding visits from king <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_III_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Emmanuel III of Italy">Victor Emmanuel III</a> of the United Kingdom and Italy, respectively, once again brought attention to the fact that France had no coat of arms. The Foreign Ministry responded by consulting the Grand Chancellery, which in turn asked the heraldists to propose national heraldic devices. Among about twenty proposals which were approved by the government, heraldic <a href="/wiki/Peintre-graveur" title="Peintre-graveur">painter-engraver</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_de_Mey%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice de Meyère (page does not exist)">Maurice de Meyère</a>'s composition was formally adopted as the new coat of arms of France. This design was to be used by embassies and consulates abroad, instead of previous quasi-heraldic emblems. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_(1905).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="de Meyère's 1905 design"><img alt="de Meyère's 1905 design" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%29.svg/98px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="98" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%29.svg/147px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%29.svg/196px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="549" data-file-height="671" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">de Meyère's 1905 design</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_visit_by_King_Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain_to_France_in_1905.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The arms adorning the Foreign Ministry in 1905"><img alt="The arms adorning the Foreign Ministry in 1905" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Official_visit_by_King_Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain_to_France_in_1905.jpg/179px-Official_visit_by_King_Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain_to_France_in_1905.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Official_visit_by_King_Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain_to_France_in_1905.jpg/268px-Official_visit_by_King_Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain_to_France_in_1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Official_visit_by_King_Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain_to_France_in_1905.jpg/358px-Official_visit_by_King_Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain_to_France_in_1905.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1380" data-file-height="927" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The arms adorning the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)">Foreign Ministry</a> in 1905</div> </li> </ul> <p>In de Meyère's composition, the escutcheon was framed by an artistic <a href="/wiki/Console_(heraldry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Console (heraldry)">console</a>, whereas the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Legion of Honour</a>'s star featured as the sole external heraldic device. The entire achievement was depicted upon an oval background with the words "French Republic" on the edge, a non-heraldic element. The console and oval background were mentioned as late as February 1914,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but generally omitted after World War I, while the star of the Legion of Honour had been accompanied by the 1881 version of the grand collar. </p><p>In 1924/1925, a greater version of the arms was invented for a decorative tapestry commissioned by the city of <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a> to <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Louis_Jaulmes" title="Gustave Louis Jaulmes">Gustave Louis Jaulmes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was never formally adopted. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Achievements including the 1881 version of the grand collar</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 170px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 168px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_(1905%E2%80%931953).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Actually used version"><img alt="Actually used version" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Middle_coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%E2%80%931953%29.svg/252px-Middle_coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%E2%80%931953%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="168" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Middle_coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%E2%80%931953%29.svg/379px-Middle_coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%E2%80%931953%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Middle_coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%E2%80%931953%29.svg/505px-Middle_coat_of_arms_of_the_French_Republic_%281905%E2%80%931953%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="929" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Actually used version</div> </li> </ul> <p>In 1953, the collar was redesigned. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A list of notable depictions: </p> <ul><li>1905: A watercolour reproducing de Meyère's design was sent to each member of the government, and the arms adorned the two entrances of the <a href="/wiki/French_foreign_ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="French foreign ministry">French foreign ministry</a> (37 <a href="/wiki/Quai_d%27Orsay" title="Quai d'Orsay">Quai d'Orsay</a>) at the occasion of king Alfonso's visit.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1922: The arms was emblazoned on the bronze <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise" class="extiw" title="fr:Médaille de la Fidélité Française">Medal for Fidelity to France</a> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Médaille de la Fidélité Française</i>), awarded to inhabitants of the two border regions of Alsace and Lorraine, who had been either imprisoned or exiled by the occupying Germans during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> because of their loyalty to France.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1924/1925: A greater version of the arms was depicted on a painted tapestry by <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Louis_Jaulmes" title="Gustave Louis Jaulmes">Gustave Louis Jaulmes</a>, titled "Les armes de France". Commissioned by the city of <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this piece was to be installed at the <i>Commissariat General of the Republic</i> in the city.</li> <li>1928: German encyclopedias gave a color reproduction of Jaulmes' greater arms.</li> <li>1929: On 10 May the German embassy in France inquired what was the official coat of arms of France was. The French <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (France)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> replied that "there is no, in principle, official coat of arms or emblem," but that such a composition was used for the French embassies and consulates.</li> <li>1933–1942: The arms were depicted on <a href="/wiki/Prefect_(France)" title="Prefect (France)">prefects</a>' uniforms.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1935: The annual edition of <i><a href="/wiki/Le_Petit_Larousse" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Petit Larousse">Le Petit Larousse</a></i> reproduced a monochrome reproduction of the arms as a symbol of the French Republic.</li> <li>1953: The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretariat" title="United Nations Secretariat">United Nations Secretariat</a> requested that France submit a <a href="/wiki/National_coat_of_arms" title="National coat of arms">national coat of arms</a> that were to adorn the wall behind the podium in the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">General Assembly</a> hall in New York, alongside the other member states' arms. On 3 June, an interministerial commission met at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to select this emblem. It requested Robert Louis (1902–1965), heraldic artist, to produce a version of the <a href="/wiki/Jules-Cl%C3%A9ment_Chaplain" title="Jules-Clément Chaplain">Jules-Clément Chaplain</a> <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_emblem_of_France" title="Diplomatic emblem of France">design</a>. In the end, Louis chose <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_de_Mey%C3%A8re&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice de Meyère (page does not exist)">Maurice de Meyère</a>'s 1905 design instead, and this was adopted and submitted to the UN.</li> <li>1975: President <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a> adopted the <a href="/wiki/Charge_(heraldry)" title="Charge (heraldry)">charge</a> of the arms in his <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marques_des_pr%C3%A9sidents_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise" class="extiw" title="fr:Marques des présidents de la République française">presidential standard</a>.</li> <li>6 June 1980: President d'Estaing assumed on him being admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Seraphim" title="Order of the Seraphim">Order of the Seraphim</a>: <i>Azure a Fasces Or bindings Argent between two Laurel sprigs disposed orleways of the second and bound together in base by a ribbon of the third.</i>, based on the republican arms.</li> <li>1982/1988: The arms were depicted on French space suits during the Franco-Soviet space missions of <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mission_spatiale_franco-sovi%C3%A9tique_Saliout_7" class="extiw" title="fr:Mission spatiale franco-soviétique Saliout 7">1982</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mir_EO-4" title="Mir EO-4">1988</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2009: Used to represent France in the <i>Hanseatic Fountain</i> in <a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a>, Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The coat of arms is still used, e.g. in relation to presidential inaugurations, including that of <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> in 1981, 1995 and 2017, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise_(reverse).png" class="mw-file-description" title="The arms emblazoned onto the reverse side of the Medal for Fidelity to France, instituted in 1922"><img alt="The arms emblazoned onto the reverse side of the Medal for Fidelity to France, instituted in 1922" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise_%28reverse%29.png/68px-M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise_%28reverse%29.png" decoding="async" width="68" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise_%28reverse%29.png/102px-M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise_%28reverse%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise_%28reverse%29.png/136px-M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise_%28reverse%29.png 2x" data-file-width="524" data-file-height="926" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The arms emblazoned onto the reverse side of the <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9daille_de_la_Fid%C3%A9lit%C3%A9_Fran%C3%A7aise" class="extiw" title="fr:Médaille de la Fidélité Française">Medal for Fidelity to France</a>, instituted in 1922</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1952_Trygve_Lie_Resigns.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Escutcheons in the UNGA hall intended to be emblazoned with national arms, including France's,[26] but removed in 1956[27][28]"><img alt="Escutcheons in the UNGA hall intended to be emblazoned with national arms, including France's,[26] but removed in 1956[27][28]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/1952_Trygve_Lie_Resigns.jpg/96px-1952_Trygve_Lie_Resigns.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/1952_Trygve_Lie_Resigns.jpg/144px-1952_Trygve_Lie_Resigns.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/1952_Trygve_Lie_Resigns.jpg/192px-1952_Trygve_Lie_Resigns.jpg 2x" data-file-width="847" data-file-height="1058" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Escutcheon_(heraldry)" title="Escutcheon (heraldry)">Escutcheons</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">UNGA</a> hall intended to be emblazoned with national arms, including France's,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but removed in 1956<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Visites_Sarkozy_Hollande_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The arms depicted on presidential inaugural documents"><img alt="The arms depicted on presidential inaugural documents" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Visites_Sarkozy_Hollande_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg/180px-Visites_Sarkozy_Hollande_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Visites_Sarkozy_Hollande_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg/270px-Visites_Sarkozy_Hollande_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Visites_Sarkozy_Hollande_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg/360px-Visites_Sarkozy_Hollande_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1928" data-file-height="1278" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The arms depicted on presidential inaugural documents</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien_at_the_Aragatz_mission.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The arms depicted on Jean-Loup Chrétien's suit at the 1988 Aragatz mission to the Mir space station"><img alt="The arms depicted on Jean-Loup Chrétien's suit at the 1988 Aragatz mission to the Mir space station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien_at_the_Aragatz_mission.jpg/120px-Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien_at_the_Aragatz_mission.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien_at_the_Aragatz_mission.jpg/180px-Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien_at_the_Aragatz_mission.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien_at_the_Aragatz_mission.jpg/240px-Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien_at_the_Aragatz_mission.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The arms depicted on <a href="/wiki/Jean-Loup_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean-Loup Chrétien">Jean-Loup Chrétien</a>'s suit at the 1988 <a href="/wiki/Mir_EO-4" title="Mir EO-4">Aragatz mission</a> to the <i><a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir</a></i> space station</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parione_-_s_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi_fascio_repubblicano_francese_P1030725.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The arms (l.) adorning Rome's Church of Saint Nicholas of the Lorrainers, dedicated to France"><img alt="The arms (l.) adorning Rome's Church of Saint Nicholas of the Lorrainers, dedicated to France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Parione_-_s_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi_fascio_repubblicano_francese_P1030725.JPG/180px-Parione_-_s_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi_fascio_repubblicano_francese_P1030725.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Parione_-_s_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi_fascio_repubblicano_francese_P1030725.JPG/270px-Parione_-_s_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi_fascio_repubblicano_francese_P1030725.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Parione_-_s_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi_fascio_repubblicano_francese_P1030725.JPG/360px-Parione_-_s_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi_fascio_repubblicano_francese_P1030725.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4468" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The arms (l.) adorning Rome's <a href="/wiki/San_Nicola_dei_Lorenesi" title="San Nicola dei Lorenesi">Church of Saint Nicholas of the Lorrainers</a>, dedicated to France</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 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.navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/21px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/42px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg/17px-Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg/26px-Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg/34px-Azure%2C_a_bend_Or.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Heraldry" title="Portal:Heraldry">Heraldry</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_France" title="Armorial of France">Armorial of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_the_Capetian_dynasty" title="Armorial of the Capetian dynasty">Armorial of the Capetian dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_France" title="National symbols of France">National symbols of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_in_the_French_Revolution" title="Symbolism in the French Revolution">Symbolism in the French Revolution</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180705170148/http://www.hubert-herald.nl/FranFrance.htm">"FranFrance"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liberty%2C+%C3%89galit%C3%A9%2C+Fraternit%C3%A9&rft.pub=Embassy+of+France+in+the+US&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ambafrance-us.org%2Fspip.php%3Farticle620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoat+of+arms+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ozouf-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ozouf_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOzouf1997" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Mona_Ozouf" title="Mona Ozouf">Ozouf, Mona</a> (1997), "Liberté, égalité, fraternité stands for peace country and war", in <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Nora" title="Pierre Nora">Nora, Pierre</a> (ed.), <i>Lieux de Mémoire</i> [<i>Places of memory</i>] (in French), vol. tome III, Quarto Gallimard, pp. <span class="nowrap">4353–</span>89</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Libert%C3%A9%2C+%C3%A9galit%C3%A9%2C+fraternit%C3%A9+stands+for+peace+country+and+war&rft.btitle=Lieux+de+M%C3%A9moire&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E4353-%3C%2Fspan%3E89&rft.pub=Quarto+Gallimard&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Ozouf&rft.aufirst=Mona&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoat+of+arms+of+France" class="Z3988"></span> (abridged translation, <i>Realms of Memory</i>, Columbia University Press, 1996–98).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Les Grands Palais de France : Fontainebleau</i>, I re Série, Styles Louis XV, Louis XVI, Empire, Labrairie Centrale D'Art Et D'Architecture, Ancienne Maison Morel, Ch. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=R%C3%A9ception+d%27Emmanuel+Macron+%C3%A0+l%27H%C3%B4tel+de+ville+de+Paris&rft.date=2017-05-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.max-gueguen.com%2Freception-demmanuel-macron-a-lhotel-de-ville-de-paris%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoat+of+arms+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/File:Visites_Mitterrand_Chirac_%C3%A0_l%27h%C3%B4tel_de_ville_de_Paris.jpg" title="File:Visites Mitterrand Chirac à l'hôtel de ville de Paris.jpg">File:Visites Mitterrand Chirac à l'hôtel de ville de Paris.jpg</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unmultimedia.org/s/photo/detail/704/0070477.html">"General Assembly Hall at United Nations Headquarters"</a>. July 1954.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Assembly+Hall+at+United+Nations+Headquarters&rft.date=1954-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unmultimedia.org%2Fs%2Fphoto%2Fdetail%2F704%2F0070477.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoat+of+arms+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fotw.info/flags/fr).html">"France: Symbols of the Republic"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=France%3A+Symbols+of+the+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fotw.info%2Fflags%2Ffr%29.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoat+of+arms+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unmultimedia.org/s/photo/detail/783/0078376.html">"Alterations in the General Assembly Hall"</a>. 3 February 1956.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alterations+in+the+General+Assembly+Hall&rft.date=1956-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unmultimedia.org%2Fs%2Fphoto%2Fdetail%2F783%2F0078376.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoat+of+arms+of+France" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coat_of_arms_of_France&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_France" title="History of France">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_French_history" title="Timeline of French history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_France" title="Political history of France">Political history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_France" title="Military history of France">Military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_French" title="History of French">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_France" title="Economic history of France">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_French_foreign_relations" title="History of French foreign relations">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_French_journalism" title="History of French journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_and_radicalism_in_France" title="Liberalism and radicalism in France">Liberalism and radicalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Brittany" title="History of Brittany">History of Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Normandy" title="History of Normandy">History of Normandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_history" title="Ancient history">Ancient</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_France" title="Prehistory of France">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greeks_in_pre-Roman_Gaul" title="Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul">Greek colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Celtic Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Gaul" title="Roman Gaul">Roman Gaul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visigothic_Kingdom" title="Visigothic Kingdom">Visigothic Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Francia" title="West Francia">West Francia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="France in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_laws_of_the_Kingdom_of_France" title="Fundamental laws of the Kingdom of France">Fundamental laws</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Modern">Early Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Early modern France">Early modern era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy_in_France" title="Absolute monarchy in France">Absolute monarchy</a></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancien Régime">Ancien Régime</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Wars_of_Religion" title="French Wars of Religion">Wars of Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Westphalia" title="Peace of Westphalia">Peace of Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Hundred_Years%27_War" title="Second Hundred Years' War">Second Hundred Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Spanish_Succession" title="War of the Spanish Succession">War of the Spanish Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Revolution_of_1756" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic Revolution of 1756">Diplomatic Revolution of 1756</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Revolution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_era" title="Napoleonic era">Napoleonic era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">First Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">First Empire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Late_Modern" class="mw-redirect" title="Late Modern">Late Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France_in_the_long_nineteenth_century" title="France in the long nineteenth century">Long nineteenth century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_Monarchy" title="July Monarchy">July Monarchy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution_of_1848" title="French Revolution of 1848">Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Second_Republic" title="French Second Republic">Second Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1851_French_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1851 French coup d'état">Coup of 2 December 1851</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_National_Defense" title="Government of National Defense">Government of National Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a> <ul><li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque" title="Belle Époque">Belle Époque</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Army_in_World_War_I" title="French Army in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interwar_France" title="Interwar France">Interwar</a> <ul><li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Ann%C3%A9es_folles" title="Années folles">Années folles</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_during_World_War_II" title="France during World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_France" title="Free France">Free France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_France" title="Liberation of France">Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic" title="Provisional Government of the French Republic">Provisional Government</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Contemporary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_France_(1900_to_present)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of France (1900 to present)">1900 to present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Fourth_Republic" title="French Fourth Republic">Fourth Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_War" title="Algerian War">Algerian War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic" title="French Fifth Republic">Fifth Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_68" title="May 68">May 68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_French_riots" title="2005 French riots">2005 riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Recession_in_Europe#France,_Benelux_countries" title="Great Recession in Europe">Great Recession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2015_Paris_attacks" title="November 2015 Paris attacks">2015 Paris attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_French_presidential_election" title="2017 French presidential election">2017 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_France" title="COVID-19 pandemic in France">Coronavirus pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_French_labor_protests" title="2021 French labor protests">2021 labor protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_French_presidential_election" title="2022 French presidential election">2022 presidential election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_France" title="Geography of France">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_France" title="Administrative divisions of France">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communes_in_France_with_over_20,000_inhabitants" title="List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_France" title="Climate change in France">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_France" title="Borders of France">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_France" title="List of islands of France">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_France" title="List of lakes of France">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_mountains_by_prominence" title="List of French mountains by prominence">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_France" title="List of national parks of France">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_France" title="List of rivers of France">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_France" title="List of World Heritage Sites in France">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_France" title="Politics of France">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutions_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutions of France">Constitutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_France" title="Elections in France">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_France" title="Presidential elections in France">presidential</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_France" title="Foreign relations of France">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_France" title="Politics of France">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_France" title="Human rights in France">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_France" title="Intersex rights in France">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in France">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_France" title="Judiciary of France">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_France" title="Law of France">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_France" title="Legal history of France">history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_France" title="Law enforcement in France">enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_criminal_law" title="French criminal law">criminal law</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Armed_Forces" title="French Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Parliament" title="French Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_France" title="List of political parties in France">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France#Agriculture" title="Economy of France">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_France" title="Automotive industry in France">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_France" title="Banking in France">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_France" title="Bank of France">Central bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_France" title="Economic history of France">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_France" title="Energy in France">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_France" title="List of exports of France">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_franc" title="French franc">Franc (former currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_regions_and_overseas_collectivities_by_GDP" title="List of French regions and overseas collectivities by GDP">French subdivisions by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_France" title="Mining in France">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronext_Paris" title="Euronext Paris">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_France" title="Science and technology in France">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_France" title="Taxation in France">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_France" title="Telecommunications in France">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_France" title="Tourism in France">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trade_unions_in_France" title="List of trade unions in France">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_France" title="Transport in France">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_France" title="Rail transport in France">Rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_France" title="Category:Society of France">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_France" title="Abortion in France">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control_in_France" title="Birth control in France">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_France" title="Crime in France">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_France" title="Demographics of France">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_France" title="Education in France">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_France" title="Health care in France">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_France" title="Homelessness in France">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_France" title="Immigration to France">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_departments_by_life_expectancy" title="List of French departments by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_France" title="Poverty in France">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_France" title="Secularism in France">secularism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_France" title="Racism in France">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_France" title="Social class in France">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_protection_in_France" title="Social protection in France">Welfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_France" title="Culture of France">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Marseillaise" title="La Marseillaise">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_architecture" title="French architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_art" title="French art">Art</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_France" title="Cinema of France">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li>Cultural icons</li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_fashion" title="French fashion">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Remarkable_Gardens_of_France" title="List of Remarkable Gardens of France">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_France" title="Languages of France">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_literature" title="French literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of France">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_France" title="Music of France">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_philosophy" title="French philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_France" title="Public holidays in France">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_France" title="Sport in France">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbols of France">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_France" title="Theatre of France">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding:0.25em;"><div><div style="margin-top:0;line-height:1.4em;margin-bottom:-0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_France" title="Outline of France">Outline</a></li></ul> </div><div style="margin-top:-0.2em;line-height:1.4em;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:France" title="Category:France">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_France" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject France">WikiProject</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_symbols_of_France30" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Symbols_of_the_French_Republic" title="Template:Symbols of the French Republic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Symbols_of_the_French_Republic" title="Template talk:Symbols of the French Republic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols_of_the_French_Republic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Symbols of the French Republic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_symbols_of_France30" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_France" title="National symbols of France">National symbols of France</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coat of arms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">Fleur-de-lis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasces" title="Fasces">Fasces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_France" title="Armorial of France">Armorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockade_of_France" title="Cockade of France">Cockade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_emblem_of_France" title="Diplomatic emblem of France">Diplomatic emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">Flag</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_ensigns" title="French ensigns">ensign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallic_rooster" title="Gallic rooster">Gallic rooster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_France" title="Great Seal of France">Great Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan of Arc</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9,_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9,_fraternit%C3%A9" title="Liberté, égalité, fraternité">Liberté, égalité, fraternité</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne" title="Marianne">Marianne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Armorial_of_Europe122" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Armorial_of_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Armorial of Europe (page does not exist)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Armorial_of_Europe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Armorial of Europe (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Armorial_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Armorial of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Armorial_of_Europe122" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Europe" title="Armorial of Europe">Armorial of Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Albania" title="Coat of arms of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Andorra" title="Coat of arms of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Armenia" title="Coat of arms of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Austria" title="Coat of arms of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Azerbaijan" title="National emblem of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Belarus" title="National emblem of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Belgium" title="Coat of arms of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Coat of arms of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Bulgaria" title="Coat of arms of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia" title="Coat of arms of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Cyprus" title="Coat of arms of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Coat of arms of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Denmark" title="Coat of arms of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia" title="Coat of arms of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Finland" title="Coat of arms of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany" title="Coat of arms of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Greece" title="Coat of arms of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Hungary" title="Coat of arms of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Iceland" title="Coat of arms of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland" title="Coat of arms of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Italy" title="Emblem of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Kazakhstan" title="Emblem of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Latvia" title="Coat of arms of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Liechtenstein" title="Coat of arms of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Lithuania" title="Coat of arms of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Luxembourg" title="Coat of arms of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Malta" title="Coat of arms of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Moldova" title="Coat of arms of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Monaco" title="Coat of arms of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Montenegro" title="Coat of arms of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands" title="Coat of arms of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_North_Macedonia" title="National emblem of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Norway" title="Coat of arms of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Poland" title="Coat of arms of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Romania" title="Coat of arms of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Russia" title="Coat of arms of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_San_Marino" title="Coat of arms of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Serbia" title="Coat of arms of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Slovakia" title="Coat of arms of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Slovenia" title="Coat of arms of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Spain" title="Coat of arms of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Sweden" title="Coat of arms of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Switzerland" title="Coat of arms of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_emblem_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="National emblem of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ukraine" title="Coat of arms of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Coat of arms of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_England" title="Coat of arms of England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Coat of arms of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Scotland" title="Coat of arms of Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Vatican_City" title="Coat of arms of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Abkhazia" title="Emblem of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_South_Ossetia" title="Coat of arms of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Transnistria" title="Coat of arms of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_%C3%85land" title="Coat of arms of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Coat of arms of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Gibraltar" title="Coat of arms of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Guernsey" title="Coat of arms of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Coat of arms of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Jersey" title="Coat of arms of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Europe#Heraldry" title="Flag of Europe">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_and_coat_of_arms_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Flag and coat of arms of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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