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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div 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id="toc-Aanwendings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Voedselproduksie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voedselproduksie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Voedselproduksie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voedselproduksie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Grond" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grond"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Grond</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grond-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gisting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gisting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Gisting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gisting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mikroörganisme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 115 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-115" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">115 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismus" title="Mikroorganismus – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mikroorganismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B0%E1%89%82%E1%89%85_%E1%8B%98%E1%8A%A0%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%8B%E1%89%B5" title="ደቂቅ ዘአካላት – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ደቂቅ ዘአካላት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8" title="ميكروب – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميكروب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1" title="অণুজীৱ – Assamees" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="অণুজীৱ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganismu" title="Microorganismu – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Microorganismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorqanizml%C9%99r" title="Mikroorqanizmlər – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mikroorqanizmlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismo" title="Mikroorganismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mikroorganismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Мікраарганізмы – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мікраарганізмы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Мікраарганізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мікраарганізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isik-melik" title="Isik-melik – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Isik-melik" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Микроорганизъм – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Микроорганизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="सूक्ष्मजीव – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सूक्ष्मजीव" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC" title="অণুজীব – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অণুজীব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizam" title="Mikroorganizam – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mikroorganizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganisme" title="Microorganisme – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Microorganisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AC-s%C4%95ng-%C5%ADk" title="Mì-sĕng-ŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mì-sĕng-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%86%D8%A8" title="میکرۆب – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="میکرۆب" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismus" title="Mikroorganismus – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mikroorganismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Микроорганизмсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Микроорганизмсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meicro-organeb" title="Meicro-organeb – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Meicro-organeb" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganisme" title="Mikroorganisme – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mikroorganisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binneembila" title="Binneembila – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Binneembila" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismus" title="Mikroorganismus – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mikroorganismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Μικροοργανισμός – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μικροοργανισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism" title="Microorganism – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Microorganism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismo" title="Mikroorganismo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mikroorganismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganismo" title="Microorganismo – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Microorganismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismid" title="Mikroorganismid – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mikroorganismid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrobio" title="Mikrobio – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mikrobio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8" title="میکروب – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میکروب" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrobi" title="Mikrobi – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mikrobi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisolan%C3%B5" title="Pisolanõ – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Pisolanõ" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-organisme" title="Micro-organisme – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Micro-organisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miocrorg%C3%A1nach" title="Miocrorgánach – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Miocrorgánach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganismo" title="Microorganismo – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Microorganismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mynorgaanagh" title="Mynorgaanagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Mynorgaanagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="מיקרואורגניזם – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיקרואורגניזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="सूक्ष्मजीव – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सूक्ष्मजीव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizmi" title="Mikroorganizmi – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mikroorganizmi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizmus" title="Mikroorganizmus – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mikroorganizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%85%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Միկրոօրգանիզմներ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միկրոօրգանիզմներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganismo" title="Microorganismo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Microorganismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganisme" title="Mikroorganisme – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikroorganisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Фуса – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Фуса" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrobo" title="Mikrobo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mikrobo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96rvera" title="Örvera – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Örvera" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microrganismo" title="Microrganismo – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Microrganismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="微生物 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="微生物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganisme" title="Mikroorganisme – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mikroorganisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მიკროორგანიზმები – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მიკროორგანიზმები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bir_kletkal%C4%B1_haywanlar" title="Bir kletkalı haywanlar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Bir kletkalı haywanlar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Микроорганизм – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Микроорганизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE_%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF" title="ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ಜೀವಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ ಜೀವಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="미생물 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미생물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BBrj%C3%AEnewer" title="Hûrjînewer – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hûrjînewer" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Микроорганизмдер – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Микроорганизмдер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbium" title="Microbium – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Microbium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismus" title="Mikroorganismus – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mikroorganismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obulamu_obusirikitu" title="Obulamu obusirikitu – Ganda" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Obulamu obusirikitu" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="Ganda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-organisme" title="Micro-organisme – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Micro-organisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrurganism" title="Micrurganism – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Micrurganism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mik%C9%94l%C9%94%CC%81b%C9%9B" title="Mikɔlɔ́bɛ – Lingaals" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mikɔlɔ́bɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizmai" title="Mikroorganizmai – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mikroorganizmai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismi" title="Mikroorganismi – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mikroorganismi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zavamiaina_bitika" title="Zavamiaina bitika – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Zavamiaina bitika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Микроорганизам – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Микроорганизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF" title="സൂക്ഷ്മജീവി – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൂക്ഷ്മജീവി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Бичил биетэн – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бичил биетэн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5" title="सूक्ष्मजीव – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सूक्ष्मजीव" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganisma" title="Mikroorganisma – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mikroorganisma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%8F%E1%80%AF%E1%80%87%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9D" title="အဏုဇီဝ – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အဏုဇီဝ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-organisme" title="Micro-organisme – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Micro-organisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganisme" title="Mikroorganisme – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mikroorganisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganisme" title="Mikroorganisme – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mikroorganisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%CA%BCosh_doo_yit%CA%BC%C3%ADnii" title="Chʼosh doo yitʼínii – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chʼosh doo yitʼínii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micr%C3%B2bi" title="Micròbi – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Micròbi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubbu_qabeeyyii_xixiqqoo" title="Lubbu qabeeyyii xixiqqoo – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Lubbu qabeeyyii xixiqqoo" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5" title="ਸੂਖ਼ਮ ਜੀਵ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੂਖ਼ਮ ਜੀਵ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizm" title="Mikroorganizm – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mikroorganizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="مایکرو اورگانیزم – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مایکرو اورگانیزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microrganismo" title="Microrganismo – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Microrganismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism" title="Microorganism – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Microorganism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Микроорганизмы – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Микроорганизмы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Микроорганизм – Sakhaans" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Микроорганизм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakhaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism" title="Microorganism – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Microorganism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganisma" title="Mikroorganisma – Noord-Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Mikroorganisma" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Noord-Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizmi" title="Mikroorganizmi – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mikroorganizmi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ක්‍ෂුද්‍ර ජීවීන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ක්‍ෂුද්‍ර ජීවීන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism" title="Microorganism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Microorganism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizmus" title="Mikroorganizmus – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mikroorganizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizem" title="Mikroorganizem – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mikroorganizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizmi" title="Mikroorganizmi – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mikroorganizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizam" title="Mikroorganizam – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Mikroorganizam" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismen" title="Mikroorganismen – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Mikroorganismen" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganism" title="Mikroorganism – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mikroorganism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidubini" title="Kidubini – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kidubini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF" title="நுண்ணுயிரி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நுண்ணுயிரி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF" title="సూక్ష్మజీవి – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సూక్ష్మజీవి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="จุลินทรีย์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จุลินทรีย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganismo" title="Mikroorganismo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mikroorganismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizma" title="Mikroorganizma – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mikroorganizma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Микроблар – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Микроблар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Мікроорганізм – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мікроорганізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%81" title="خرد نامیہ – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خرد نامیہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroorganizmlar" title="Mikroorganizmlar – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mikroorganizmlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi_sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Vi sinh vật – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vi sinh vật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbe" title="Microbe – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Microbe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kagaw" title="Kagaw – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kagaw" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="微生物 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="微生物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="მიკროორგანიზმეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მიკროორგანიზმეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duznengz" title="Duznengz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Duznengz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="微生物 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="微生物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AE-seng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Bî-seng-bu̍t – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bî-seng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="微生物 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="微生物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiPhilincinci" title="IsiPhilincinci – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiPhilincinci" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39833#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mikro%C3%B6rganisme" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Mikro%C3%B6rganisme" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mikro%C3%B6rganisme"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys 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vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a 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title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Mikro%C3%B6rganisme" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&oldid=2655056" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&id=2655056&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMikro%25C3%25B6rganisme"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMikro%25C3%25B6rganisme"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Microorganisms" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39833" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:E_coli_at_10000x,_original.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/E_coli_at_10000x%2C_original.jpg/250px-E_coli_at_10000x%2C_original.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/E_coli_at_10000x%2C_original.jpg/375px-E_coli_at_10000x%2C_original.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/E_coli_at_10000x%2C_original.jpg/500px-E_coli_at_10000x%2C_original.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2598" data-file-height="1889" /></a><figcaption>’n Groep <i>Escherichia coli</i>-bakterieë wat 10 000 keer vergroot is.</figcaption></figure> <p>’n <b>Mikroörganisme</b> (van die <a href="/wiki/Grieks" title="Grieks">Griekse</a> <i>mikros</i>, "klein", en <i>organismós</i>, "organisme") is ’n mikroskopiese <a href="/wiki/Organisme" title="Organisme">organisme</a> wat eensellig<sup id="cite_ref-Brock_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brock-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of meersellig kan wees. Die studie van mikroörganismes word <a href="/wiki/Mikrobiologie" title="Mikrobiologie">mikrobiologie</a> genoem. Die veld het ontstaan nadat die <a href="/wiki/Nederland" title="Nederland">Nederlandse</a> wetenskaplike Antonie van Leeuwenhoek mikroörganismes in 1675 onder ’n <a href="/wiki/Mikroskoop" title="Mikroskoop">mikroskoop</a> ontdek het wat hy self ontwerp het. </p><p>Mikroörganismes is baie uiteenlopend en sluit in al die <a href="/wiki/Bakterie" title="Bakterie">bakterieë</a> en <a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">archaea</a> en die meeste van die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protoso%C3%B6n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protosoön (bladsy bestaan nie)">protosoë</a>. Hulle sluit ook sommige lede van die <a href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">fungusse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alge" class="mw-redirect" title="Alge">alge</a> en diere soos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wieldiertjie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wieldiertjie (bladsy bestaan nie)">wieldiertjies</a> in. Baie makrodiere en -plante het jong stadiums wat ook mikroörganismes is. Sommige mikrobioloë sluit ook <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">virusse</a> in, maar ander beskou hulle as nie-lewend.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid13481308_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid13481308-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die meeste mikroörganismes is mikroskopies, maar daar is bakterieë soos <i>Thiomargarita namibiensis</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en sommige protosoë soos <i>Stentor</i> wat met die oog gesien kan word. </p><p>Mikroörganismes kom in alle <a href="/wiki/Biosfeer" title="Biosfeer">biosfere</a> voor, insluitende in die grond, in warmwaterbronne, op die seebodem en in rotse onder die Aarde se kors. Hulle is uiters belangrik vir die herwinning van voedingstowwe in <a href="/wiki/Ekosisteem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekosisteem">ekosisteme</a> omdat hulle stowwe ontbind. Aangesien sommige mikroörganismes <a href="/wiki/Stikstof" title="Stikstof">stikstof</a> kan fikseer, is hulle ’n belangrike deel van die <a href="/wiki/Stikstofsiklus" title="Stikstofsiklus">stikstofsiklus</a>, en onlangse studies het getoon mikroörganismes in die lug kan ’n rol speel in <a href="/wiki/Neerslag" title="Neerslag">neerslag</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Weer" class="mw-redirect" title="Weer">weer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aanwendings">Aanwendings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Aanwendings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Aanwendings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mikro-organismes is noodsaaklik vir die mens en die omgewing, aangesien hulle deel te neem in die koolstofsiklus | koolstof en stikstof siklusse, asook die vervulling van ander belangrike rolle in feitlik alle ekosisteme, soos herwinning dooie oorblyfsels ander organismes en afvalprodukte deur ontbinding. Mikro-organismes het ook 'n belangrike plek in die meeste hoër-orde meersellige organismes as simbionte. Baie blameer die mislukking van Biosfeer 2 op 'n onbehoorlike balans van mikro-organismes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Voedselproduksie">Voedselproduksie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Voedselproduksie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Voedselproduksie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mikro-organismes word gebruik om kaas en wrongel maak. Hulle word ook gebruik om brood en pizza deeg te maak </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Grond">Grond</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Grond" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Grond"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mikrobes maak voedingstowwe en minerale in die grond beskikbaar aan plante, produseer hormone wat groei stimuleer, stimuleer die plant se immuunstelsel en demp stres reaksies. Oor die algemeen, 'n meer diverse grond microbiome lei tot minder <a href="/wiki/Plantsiektes" title="Plantsiektes">plantsiektes</a> en hoër opbrengs.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gisting">Gisting</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Gisting" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Gisting"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mikro-organismes word gebruik in brou, wynmaak, bak en ander deur voedsel prosesse. Hulle word ook gebruik om die fermentasieproses in die produksie van gekweek suiwelprodukte soos jogurt en kaas te beheer. Die kulture bied ook geur en aroma, en inhibeer ongewenste organismes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Brock-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Brock_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFMadigan_M,_Martinko_J_(editors)2006" class="citation book cs1">Madigan M, Martinko J (editors) (2006). <i>Brock Biology of Microorganisms</i> (13th uitg.). Pearson Education. p. 1096. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-321-73551-X" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-321-73551-X"><bdi>0-321-73551-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brock+Biology+of+Microorganisms&rft.pages=1096&rft.edition=13th&rft.pub=Pearson+Education&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-321-73551-X&rft.au=Madigan+M%2C+Martinko+J+%28editors%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMikro%C3%B6rganisme" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_book" title="Sjabloon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Hulp:AS1-foute#generic_name" title="Hulp:AS1-foute">hulp</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFRybicki_EP1990" class="citation journal cs1">Rybicki EP (1990). "The classification of organisms at the edge of life, or problems with virus systematics". <i>S Aft J Sci</i>. <b>86</b>: 182–6. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0038-2353">0038-2353</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=S+Aft+J+Sci&rft.atitle=The+classification+of+organisms+at+the+edge+of+life%2C+or+problems+with+virus+systematics&rft.volume=86&rft.pages=182-6&rft.date=1990&rft.issn=0038-2353&rft.au=Rybicki+EP&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMikro%C3%B6rganisme" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid13481308-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid13481308_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFLWOFF_A1956" class="citation journal cs1">LWOFF A (1956). "The concept of virus". <i>J. Gen. Microbiol</i>. <b>17</b> (2): 239–53. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1099%2F00221287-17-2-239">10.1099/00221287-17-2-239</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13481308">13481308</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Gen.+Microbiol.&rft.atitle=The+concept+of+virus&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=239-53&rft.date=1956&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1099%2F00221287-17-2-239&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F13481308&rft.au=LWOFF+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMikro%C3%B6rganisme" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100120043846/http://www.mpg.de/english/illustrationsDocumentation/documentation/pressReleases/1999/news17_99.htm">Max Planck Society Research News Release</a> Accessed 15 September 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFChristner_BC,_Morris_CE,_Foreman_CM,_Cai_R,_Sands_DC2008" class="citation journal cs1">Christner BC, Morris CE, Foreman CM, Cai R, Sands DC (2008). "Ubiquity of biological ice nucleators in snowfall". <i>Science</i>. <b>319</b> (5867): 1214. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008Sci...319.1214C">2008Sci...319.1214C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1149757">10.1126/science.1149757</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18309078">18309078</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Ubiquity+of+biological+ice+nucleators+in+snowfall&rft.volume=319&rft.issue=5867&rft.pages=1214&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18309078&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1149757&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008Sci...319.1214C&rft.au=Christner+BC%2C+Morris+CE%2C+Foreman+CM%2C+Cai+R%2C+Sands+DC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMikro%C3%B6rganisme" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Sjabloon:Cite_journal" title="Sjabloon:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam (<a href="/wiki/Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud:_meer_as_een_naam" title="Kategorie:AS1-onderhoud: meer as een naam">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:02_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFVrieze2015" class="citation journal cs1">Vrieze, Jop de (14 Augustus 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/349/6249/680">"The littlest farmhands"</a>. <i>Science</i>. <b>349</b> (6249): 680–683. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.349.6249.680">10.1126/science.349.6249.680</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0036-8075">0036-8075</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26273035">26273035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=The+littlest+farmhands&rft.volume=349&rft.issue=6249&rft.pages=680-683&rft.date=2015-08-14&rft.issn=0036-8075&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26273035&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.349.6249.680&rft.aulast=Vrieze&rft.aufirst=Jop+de&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencemag.org%2Fcontent%2F349%2F6249%2F680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMikro%C3%B6rganisme" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikro%C3%B6rganisme&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asm.org/ASM/files/ccLibraryFiles/Filename/000000003691/Uncharted_Microbial_World.pdf">"Uncharted Microbial World: Microbes and Their Activities in the Environment"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080527234727/http://www.asm.org/ASM/files/ccLibraryFiles/Filename/000000003691/Uncharted_Microbial_World.pdf">Geargiveer</a> 27 Mei 2008 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Verslag van die Amerikaanse Akademie van Mikrobiologie</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/15px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/23px-Crystal_txt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/30px-Crystal_txt.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism" class="extiw" title="en:Microorganism">Engelse Wikipedia</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39833&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39833&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a 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class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11965359s">cb11965359s</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11965359s">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4039226-0">4039226-0</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85084725">sh85084725</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Latvia">LNB</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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